Relevant bibliographies by topics / Photovoltaic (PV) panels(PV)

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Photovoltaic (PV) panels(PV)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 19 October 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Photovoltaic (PV) panels(PV)"

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Zhang, Haitao, Peng Tian, Jie Zhong, Yongchao Liu, and Jialin Li. "Mapping Photovoltaic Panels in Coastal China Using Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 Images and Google Earth Engine." Remote Sensing 15, no. 15 (July 25, 2023): 3712. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15153712.

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Photovoltaic (PV) panels convert sunlight into electricity, and play a crucial role in energy decarbonization, and in promoting urban resources and environmental sustainability. The area of PV panels in China’s coastal regions is rapidly increasing, due to the huge demand for renewable energy. However, a rapid, accurate, and robust PV panel mapping approach, and a practical PV panel classification strategy for large-scale applications have not been established. Here, we developed a new approach that uses spectral and textural features to identify and map the PV panels there were in coastal China in 2021 using multispectral instrument (MSI) and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, and the Google Earth Engine (GEE), to differentiate PV panels according to their underlying surface properties. Our 10-m-spatial-resolution PV panel map had an overall accuracy of 94.31% in 2021. There was 510.78 km2 of PV panels in coastal China in 2021, which included 254.47 km2 of planar photovoltaic (PPV) panels, 170.70 km2 of slope photovoltaic (SPV) panels, and 85.61 km2 of water photovoltaic (WPV) panels. Our resultant PV panel map provides a detailed dataset for renewable layouts, ecological assessments, and the energy-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
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Panda, Babita, Sampurna Panda, Rakesh Kumar, Chitralekha Jena, Lipika Nanda, and Arjyadhara Pradhan. "ENERGY & EXERGY ANALYSIS OF A PV PANEL WITH PASSIVE COOLING MECHANISM." Suranaree Journal of Science and Technology 30, no. 6 (January 17, 2024): 010260(1–6). http://dx.doi.org/10.55766/sujst-2023-06-e01379.

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A photovoltaic (PV) array is grately responsive to changes in temperature; contrarily, reduction in temperature is the major factor that subsidize to an raise in the electrical efficiency and output power of a PV system. To optimize the production of energy by PV panels and reduce their temperature, a photovoltaic (PV) cooling system is basically used. Nonetheless, more insolation is generally associated with higher temperatures, which is ambiguous for photovoltaic (PV) panels because they rely on that irradiance to create power. These extreme temperature rises have a devastating effect on how skillfully photovoltaic (PV) panels transforms energy. A solar photovoltaic (PV) system can opearte more accurately with an adequate cooling system on its surface. In this paper, a passive cooling model for the PV panel has been devloped which cools down the PV panel by employing dry grass and water at the back surface. A correlation has been made with a non-cooled panel. Two PV panels are simultaneously tested. Electrical output properties of both the PV panels have been recorded and energy and exergy analysis for the system has been presented to have a more detailed understanding of the cooling effect on PV panel performance. The cooled panel has an increase in efficiency by 47%. Along with the electrical efficiency, the thermal efficiency has also been presented in this paper for performance evaluation in the form of overall efficiency.
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Nedelchev, Ivaylo, and Hristo Zhivomirov. "A combined approach for assessment the functionality of photovoltaic modules in real-world operation." E3S Web of Conferences 180 (2020): 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018002006.

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The energy production from the solar photovoltaic power plants is highly dependent on the meteorological and physical conditions such as solar radiation, ambient and panel’s surface temperature, inclination of the photovoltaic (PV) panel construction etc. The I-V curves are the most important for estimation the functionality and production of each PV panel, as well as finding the maximum power point (MPP) of it. Because of the continuous generation of energy, the silicon crystal of the PV modules begins to depreciate and this decreases the energy production. In real-world operating conditions, revealing the energy state of the PV panels is the main point for estimating the PV panels’ efficiency. Furthermore, one complete approach, including electrical measurements and temperature distribution information over the PV panels’ surface, can reveal the risky elements (subcells) and provide data for prevention damages and working interruptions. This paper presents a method for PV monitoring in which conventional electrical instrumentation devises and thermographic camera are used, in order to estimate the real physical state of the PV panels’.
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Dabral, Atulesh, Rahul Kumar, S. C. Ram, Amit Morey, Sumit Mohan, and Devesh Sharma. "Effect of Anti-Reflective and Dust Spreading on Performance of Solar PV Panels." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1285, no. 1 (January 1, 2024): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1285/1/012029.

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Abstract This study intends to better solar photovoltaic (PV) panel performance by employing anti-reflective coating and explore how dust affects solar panel effectiveness. Three equivalent solar PV panels were compared, having one of them being uncoated, the next one having a TiO2 nanomaterial coating, and the very last one having a SiO2 nanomaterial coating. PV panel surfaces are coated with superhydrophilicity TiO2 as well as superhydrophobic SiO2 nanomaterials using a cloth made of microfibers. With the aid of a photovoltaic (PV) analyser, the power output of each and every PV panel has been monitored during the month of November 2021. After one month of being exposed to the environment, the percentage improvement in efficiency for TiO2-coated panels was 7.66% and for SiO2 coated panels was 19.73% as compared to uncoated PV panels. Results demonstrate that SiO2 covered PV panels outperform the other two scenarios in terms of efficiency and power output. The frequency of photovoltaic panel washing is reduced by the application of coating. Different amounts of dust are evenly scattered on the surface of the PV panel in order to observe the effect of the dust. Additionally, as the amount of dust increases, the effectiveness of PV panels declines considerably. When 20g of dust is dispersed across the surface of a PV panel, its efficiency falls by 34.6 percent.
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Arifin, Zainal, Dominicus Danardono Dwi Prija Tjahjana, Syamsul Hadi, Rendy Adhi Rachmanto, Gabriel Setyohandoko, and Bayu Sutanto. "Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Air Cooling for Photovoltaic Panels Using Aluminum Heat Sinks." International Journal of Photoenergy 2020 (January 10, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1574274.

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An increase in the operating temperature of photovoltaic (PV) panels caused by high levels of solar irradiation can affect the efficiency and lifespan of PV panels. This study uses numerical and experimental analyses to investigate the reduction in the operating temperature of PV panels with an air-cooled heat sink. The proposed heat sink was designed as an aluminum plate with perforated fins that is attached to the back of the PV panel. A comprehensive computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was conducted using the software ANSYS Fluent to ensure that the heat sink model worked properly. The influence of heat sinks on the heat transfer between a PV panel and the circulating ambient air was investigated. The results showed a substantial decrease in the operating temperature of the PV panel and an increase in its electrical performance. The CFD analysis in the heat sink model with an air flow velocity of 1.5 m/s and temperature of 35°C under a heat flux of 1000 W/m2 showed a decrease in the PV panel’s average temperature from 85.3°C to 72.8°C. As a consequence of decreasing its temperature, the heat sink increased the open-circuit photovoltage (VOC) and maximum power point (PMPP) of the PV panel by 10% and 18.67%, respectively. Therefore, the use of aluminum heat sinks could provide a potential solution to prevent PV panels from overheating and may indirectly lead to a reduction in CO2 emissions due to the increased electricity production from the PV system.
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Chala, Girma T., Shaharin A. Sulaiman, Xuecheng Chen, and Salim S. Al Shamsi. "Effects of Nanocoating on the Performance of Photovoltaic Solar Panels in Al Seeb, Oman." Energies 17, no. 12 (June 12, 2024): 2871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17122871.

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Solar photovoltaic (PV) panels are projected to become the largest contributor of clean electricity generation worldwide. Maintenance and cleaning strategies are crucial for optimizing solar PV operations, ensuring a satisfactory economic return of investment. Nanocoating may have potential for optimizing PV operations; however, there is insufficient scientific evidence that supports this idea. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effectiveness of nanocoating on the performance of solar photovoltaic (PV) panels installed in Al Seeb, Oman. A further study was also carried out to observe the influence of coating layers on the performance of PV panels. One SiO2 nanocoated solar panel, another regularly cleaned PV panel, and a reference uncleaned panel were used to carry out the study. The site of the study was treeless and sandy, with a hot and dry climate. A data logger was connected to the solar PV panel and glass panel to record the resulting voltage, current, temperature, and solar radiation. It was observed that nanocoated PV panels outperformed both regular PV panels and uncleaned PV panels. Nanocoated PV panels demonstrated an average efficiency of 21.6%, showing a 31.7% improvement over uncleaned panels and a 9.6% improvement over regularly cleaned panels. Although nanocoating displayed high efficiency, regular cleaning also contributes positively. Furthermore, even though nanocoated PV panels outperformed the other two panels, it is important to note that the performance difference between the regular cleaned PV panels and the nanocoated PV panels was small. This indicates that regular cleaning strategies and nanocoating can further contribute to maintaining a more efficient solar PV system. Coating in many layers was also observed to influence the performance of PV panels insignificantly, mainly the fourth layer coating appeared to have formed sufficient mass to retain heat.
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Zhang, Zhihan, Qiaoyu Wang, Demou Cao, and Kai Kang. "Impact of Photovoltaics." Modern Electronic Technology 5, no. 1 (May 6, 2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.26549/met.v5i1.6315.

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Photovoltaics (PV) can convert sunlight into electricity by making use of the photovoltaic effect. Solar panels consist of photovoltaic cells made of semiconductor materials (such as silicon) to utilise the photovoltaic effect and convert sunlight into direct current (DC) electricity. Nowadays, PV has become the cheapest electrical power source with low price bids and low panel prices. The competitiveness makes it a potential path to mitigate the global warming. In this paper, we investigate the relationship of PC array output with irradiance and temperature, the performance of PV array over 24 hours period, and the simulation of PV micro grid by MATLAB simulation.
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Zhang, Wei, Guanghui Wang, Guoqing Yao, Chen Lu, and Yu Liu. "Study on Fault Monitoring Technology of Photovoltaic Panel Based on Thermal Infrared and Optical Remote Sensing." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-1-2024 (May 11, 2024): 855–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-1-2024-855-2024.

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Abstract. Rapid access to the operating status of Photovoltaic (PV) panels and troubleshooting can save management and maintenance costs for the development of PV power plants, which is important for PV power plant management and power generation capacity assurance. The use of remote sensing technology to identify the faults of photovoltaic panels has developed rapidly, however, current research usually relies only on a single optical data source to identify and count the area of PV panels in a PV electric field, although there are literature on PV panel fault detection, only the surface fault identification of PV panels is tested, while the internal faults (such as panel bad points or bad lines) cannot be identified because of the limitations of optical remote sensing. In this paper, a photovoltaic panel fault monitoring technology based on multi-source remote sensing is proposed. The optical and thermal infrared hybrid data combined with deep learning technology are used to achieve rapid and accurate fault identification and localization of PV panel arrays. It can not only automatically identify PV panels that are obscured by dust and foreign objects, but also locate PV panels that have bad dots or bad lines, which greatly improves the ability and effectiveness of remote sensing PV panel fault monitoring. The high-resolution unmanned air vehicle (UAV) optical image and thermal infrared image are applied in this experiment. The Mask RCNN algorithm is used to accurately locate and number the photovoltaic panel of the optical image. Then, the fault scene classification model is established for the multi-type fault characteristics of the optical image and thermal infrared image within the panel range, so as to identify five types of faults, such as dust cover, branch cover, bird droppings cover, internal bad points and bad lines of PV panel, which effectively solves the problem that the single optical remote sensing image cannot identify the internal component faults of the photovoltaic panel under normal conditions.
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Sambu, Srikanth, and Byamakesh Nayak. "Reliability oriented performance evaluation of PV inverter with bifacial panels considering albedos." International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) 13, no. 4 (December 1, 2024): 815. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijape.v13.i4.pp815-824.

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The recent advancements in the solar photovoltaic technology is bifacial panels. These panels are capable of producing higher energy than their conventional panels by capturing from both front and rear sides. By harvesting solar energy from both the front and rare surfaces of the panels, the load on the inverters can increase. This affects its reliability performance. Nevertheless, inverter is reported as the critical component in the photovoltaic (PV) system. Hence this work presents reliability-oriented performance evaluation of PV inverter with bifacial panels is proposed. A 3-kilowatt photovoltaic system has been considered with yearly mission profile data at Hyderabad, India. This evaluation is carried out under various albedos. Finally, a comparison between monofacial and bifacial PV panel are presented. The results show that the albedo significantly impacts the lifetime of a PV inverter and therefore, the albedo should be considered when designing a bifacial panel's inverter.
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Thaib, Razali, Hamdani Umar, and T. Azuar Rizal. "Experimental Study of the Use of Phase Change Materials as Cooling Media on Photovoltaic Panels." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 6, no. 3 (April 12, 2021): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2021.6.3.2405.

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Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) is a combination of electrical technology from photovoltaic solar panels (PV) with building construction. The PV panel was mounted onto the frames attached to the building's main outer wall. When solar radiation energy comes into contact on the PV surface, some part is reflected in the surroundings while mostly absorbed in the PV panel. The energy absorbed is converted into electricity while the rest dissipates into thermal energy, which increases the surface temperature of PV. The increases in the panels' surface temperature negatively impact the electrical output and PV panels' long-term reliability. One of them is the use of phase change materials (PCM) as heat storage materials. This research also emphasizes the use of beeswax as a material for storing heat energy. Using the T-History method by fusing beeswax, show that the temperature range between 49,40 to 57.15 oC with latent enthalpy 151.65 kJ/kg. In this research, we tested the use of PCM as a heat storage material for PV panels. Two types of containers to accommodate PCM are used, triangular containers and semicircular containers. From the test results, it was found that beeswax can function well as a heat storage so that the surface temperature of the PV + PCM panel is lower than that of standard PV. So that the voltage generated is higher than standard PV panels.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Photovoltaic (PV) panels(PV)"

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Bekker, Bernard. "Methods to extract maximum electrical energy from PV panels on the earth's surface." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50021.

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Thesis (MScIng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis investigates methods to extract the maximum amount of electrical energy from a py panel. The thesis is divided into four parts, focussing on different aspects relating to this topic. The first part will investigate the role that py energy is likely to play in South Africa's future energy scenario, by looking at topics like the greenhouse effect and the economics of energy production. Secondly the thesis will look at how to position py panels optimally for maximum energy generation through the year. A software model of a py panel is developed which can calculate available py energy and energy generation costs for a given location, based on parameters like the positioning of the py panel and historic weather data. Thirdly the optimal design of a maximum power point tracker is investigated. The optimal design, based on a k-sweep voltage ratio maximum power point tracking algorithm, is implemented using a DSP controlled boost converter circuit. Finally, the best methods to store energy generated using py panels are explored. Energy storage technologies are compared for rural, off-grid applications in South Africa, and the design and implementation of a pulse-charging lead-acid battery charging strategy is explained.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis ondersoek maniere waarop die maksimum hoeveelheid elektriese energie vanuit 'n py paneelonttrek kan word. Die tesis word in vier dele verdeel, wat elkeen fokus op 'n ander aspek van die onderwerp. Die eerste kyk na die rol wat PV energie potensieël kan speel in die toekomstige energie produksie binne Suid Afrika, deur te kyk na onderwerpe soos die kweekhuis effek, en die ekonomiese sy van energie produksie. Tweedens kyk die tesis na metodes om 'n py paneeloptimaal te posisioneer vir maksimum energie deur die jaar. 'n Sagteware model van 'n PV paneel word ontwikkel wat die hoeveelheid beskikbare energie, en die kostes daarvan, kan bereken vir 'n spesifieke plek, gebaseer op PV paneel data en vorige jare se atmosferiese data. Derdens word agtergrond oor maksimum drywingspunt volgers gegee, en die ontwerp en bou van 'n k-variërende, spannings verhouding maksimum kragpunt volger verduidelik, geimplimenteer deur van 'n DSP en 'n opkapper baan gebruik te maak. Laastens word die beste maniere om PV energie te stoor, vir landelike toepassings weg vanaf die Eskom netwerk, ondersoek. Alle beskikbare tegnologieë word eers vergelyk met mekaar, waarna die ontwerp en bou van 'n puls-laai loodsuur batterylaaier verduidelik word.
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Kroutil, Roman. "Komplexní provozní diagnostika FVE-T14 - opatření pro optimalizaci provozu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-242083.

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The aim of the Thesis is theoretical clarification of the issues of photovoltaic power plants, their diagnostics, inspection and performance measurement, including negative impacts on their operation and subsequent application of theoretical knowledge during practical inspection and diagnostics of PV power plants. In its introductory part, the Thesis deals with design, manufacturing and development of PV cells and panels and describes other necessary elements and components, including their use in individual types of photovoltaic systems. Another part describes electric parameters of PV cells and panels, especially the parameters that can be found out by measurement of V-A characteristics and also the parameters affecting the shape of the V-A characteristics. The third part is focused on failures of photovoltaic systems, which include various defects of photovoltaic cells and panels, it also provides for adverse factors affecting operation of the entire system, associated not only with weather influences but also with the actual design of the photovoltaic system. The fourth part deals with possibilities of increasing the cost-effectiveness of electricity generation by PV power plants on the basis of practical experience of their operators. The subsequent part determines, on the basis of technical standards, procedures for PV power plant inspections, the procedures for measurement and diagnostics of PV power plants and also other prerequisites connected with inspections and measurements. This part includes also a description of requirements for measuring devices, most frequent measurement errors, adverse impacts affecting measurements and methods of assessment of the data measured. The last part of the Thesis is practical. At first it deals with verification of the impact of defects of PV modules on the shape of their V-A characteristics, then with execution of inspections and diagnostics of a particular PV power plant, evaluation of the data identified and measured, as well as with a proposal of optimisation measures to increase cost-efficiency of the operation of that particular PV power plant.
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Wang, Xin. "Online health monitoring of photovoltaic panels by converter-based impedance spectroscopy." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2024. https://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/ulprive/DDOC_T_2024_0039_WANG.pdf.

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Pour répondre aux besoins énergétiques croissants à travers le monde et dans un objectif de développement durable, l'utilisation de l'énergie solaire entraine une augmentation significative de l'installation de panneaux photovoltaïques (PV) permettant une production d'électricité propre et renouvelable. Cependant, les panneaux PV sont susceptibles de présenter des défauts dus aux menaces environnementales, aux facteurs humains ou à des périodes de fonctionnement prolongées. Ces défauts peuvent entraîner des pertes de puissance, une faible efficacité, une instabilité du système et présenter un risque de sécurité. La surveillance de l'état de santé peut atténuer ces problèmes et améliorer la fiabilité globale et l'efficacité de fonctionnement des panneaux PV. Parmi les outils de surveillance de l'état de santé existants pour les panneaux PV, la spectroscopie d'impédance (IS) offre un moyen puissant et non destructif d'acquérir l'impédance interne des panneaux PV sur une large plage de fréquences. L'IS basée sur le convertisseur peut aider à réduire les coûts globaux du système et à faciliter les applications en ligne, car aucun équipement supplémentaire n'est nécessaire. Cependant, la stratégie de contrôle du convertisseur doit être spécifiquement conçue. Tout d'abord, étant donné que l'injection du signal de perturbation est réalisée en contrôlant les signaux de commutation, la largeur de bande du convertisseur limitera la fréquence maximale du signal de perturbation. Obtenir un spectre IS complet avec une précision suffisante peut donc être un défi. Deuxièmement, pour garantir une puissance de sortie quasi maximale des panneaux PV même pendant la mise en œuvre de l'IS, un schéma de contrôle coopératif entre le suivi du point de puissance maximale (MPPT) et le mode IS doit être envisagé. Une stratégie de contrôle à deux niveaux du convertisseur. Le contrôle de niveau supérieur réalise le contrôle coopératif des différents modes de fonctionnement, notamment les modes MPPT, de suivi du point d'injection et IS. Le contrôle de niveau inférieur comprend le contrôle séparé de chaque mode. En particulier, pour le mode IS, les contrôles en boucle ouverte et en boucle fermée ont été étudiés et comparés systématiquement. Sous le contrôle en boucle ouverte, une analyse de la résonance intrinsèque du convertisseur et de la limitation de fréquence du signal de perturbation est effectuée. De plus, une méthode de configuration adaptative pour l'amplitude du rapport cyclique en courant alternatif est proposée pour éliminer l'influence de la résonance et améliorer la validité et la précision de la mesure IS. Sous le contrôle en boucle fermée, basé sur trois contrôleurs de compensation couramment utilisés en contrôle linéaire de systèmes, deux méthodes de contrôle, appelées contrôle unifié et contrôle séparer, sont conçues et comparées. Dans le contrôle unifié, un seul contrôleur proportionnel-intégral régule les composantes CC et CA ensemble pour atteindre les objectifs de contrôle. Dans le contrôle séparé, un filtre passe-bas segmenté est conçu. Un contrôleur proportionnel et un contrôleur quasi-proportionnel résonant sont ensuite appliqués séparément pour contrôler la composante CA. Basée sur les mesures IS acquises, un AC-ECM simplifié du panneau PV est proposé. Cet AC-ECM offre une approche d'ajustement pour le spectre incomplet obtenu par le biais de l'IS basée sur le convertisseur. De plus, quatre caractéristiques de l'état de santé sont extraites et définies pour surveiller les états de santé du panneau PV dans diverses conditions de fonctionnement. Enfin, une plateforme expérimentale a été développée. Une étude expérimentale a été menée pour vérifier que sous les stratégies peuvent être obtenues. Dans diverses conditions de fonctionnement, l'efficacité de la méthode de surveillance IS en ligne basée sur les caractéristiques extraites du panneau PV est également vérifiée
To meet the world's growing energy needs and with a view to sustainable development, the use of solar energy is leading a significant increase in the installation of photovoltaic (PV) panels, enabling the production of clean and renewable electricity. However, the PV panels are susceptible to faults during operating. These faults can result in power losses, low efficiency, system instability, even pose a risk of security. Health monitoring can mitigate these issues and improve the overall operating reliability and efficiency of PV panels. Among existing health monitoring tools for PV panels, impedance spectroscopy (IS) provides a powerful, non-destructive way to acquire PV panels' internal impedance over a wide frequency range. Compared with specific workstation-based IS, converter-based IS can help reduce overall system costs and facilitate online applications, as no additional equipment is required. However, the control strategy of the power converter needs to be specifically designed. Firstly, the bandwidth of the converter will limit the maximum frequency of the perturbation signal. Obtaining a complete IS spectrum with sufficient accuracy can thus be challenging. Secondly, to ensure a quasi-maximum output power of PV panels even during IS implementation, a cooperative control scheme between maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and IS modes should be considered. The major objectives of this research are twofold: (1) to propose a systematic design guideline for control strategies of converter-based IS implementation; (2) to establish an appropriate AC equivalent circuit model (AC-ECM) for PV panels and extract valuable health indicators for online health monitoring of PV panels. In one aspect, a bi-level control strategy of the power converter including an upper-level and a lower-level control is proposed. The upper-level control achieves the cooperative control of different operating modes, including MPPT, injection point tracking (IPT) and IS modes. The lower-level control includes the separate control of each mode. Particularly, for the IS mode, both open-loop control and closed-loop control have been systematically studied and compared. Under open-loop control, an analysis of the intrinsic resonance of the converter and the frequency limitation of the perturbation signal is performed. Furthermore, an adaptive configuration method for the amplitude of the AC duty cycle is proposed to eliminate the influence of the resonance and enhance the accuracy of IS measurement. Under closed-loop control, based on three commonly used compensation controllers, two control methods, named unified control and separated control, are designed and compared. In the unified control, a single proportional-integral (PI) controller controls the DC and AC components together to meet the control objectives. Meanwhile, in the separated control, a segmented lower pass filter (LPF) with a variable cut-off frequency is designed to effectively separate the DC component of the PV panel current from the AC perturbation signal. A proportional (P) and a quasi-proportional resonant (QPR) are further applied separately to control the AC component. In the other aspect, based on the acquired IS measurements, a simplified AC-ECM of the PV panel is proposed. This AC-ECM offers a fitting approach for the incomplete spectrum obtained through converter-based IS. Additionally, four health features are extracted and defined for monitoring the health states of the PV panel under various operating conditions. Finally, an experimental platform has been developed for online IS implementation. An experimental study has been conducted to verify that under the proposed control strategies, reliable and accurate IS measurements can be achieved. Under various operating conditions, the effectiveness of the online IS monitoring method based on the extracted features of the PV panel is verified as well
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Badri, Seyed Ali Mohammad. "Simulation of Photovoltaic Panel Production as Complement to Ground Source Heat Pump System." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Energi och miljöteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-12666.

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This master thesis presents a new technological combination of two environmentally friendly sources of energy in order to provide DHW, and space heating. Solar energy is used for space heating, and DHW production using PV modules which supply direct current directly to electrical heating elements inside a water storage tank. On the other hand a GSHP system as another source of renewable energy provides heat in the water storage tank of the system in order to provide DHW and space heating. These two sources of renewable energy have been combined in this case-study in order to obtain a more efficient system, which will reduce the amount of electricity consumed by the GSHP system.The key aim of this study is to make simulations, and calculations of the amount ofelectrical energy that can be expected to be produced by a certain amount of PV modules that are already assembled on a house in Vantaa, southern Finland. This energy is then intended to be used as a complement to produce hot water in the heating system of the house beside the original GSHP system. Thus the amount of electrical energy purchased from the grid should be reduced and the compressor in the GSHP would need fewer starts which would reduce the heating cost of the GSHP system for space heating and providing hot water.The produced energy by the PV arrays in three different circuits will be charged directly to three electrical heating elements in the water storage tank of the existing system to satisfy the demand of the heating elements. The excess energy can be used to heat the water in the water storage tank to some extent which leads to a reduction of electricity consumption by the different components of the GSHP system.To increase the efficiency of the existing hybrid system, optimization of different PV configurations have been accomplished, and the results are compared. Optimization of the arrays in southern and western walls shows a DC power increase of 298 kWh/year compared with the existing PV configurations. Comparing the results from the optimization of the arrays on the western roof if the intention is to feed AC power to the components of the GSHP system shows a yearly AC power production of 1,646 kWh.This is with the consideration of no overproduction by the PV modules during the summer months. This means the optimized PV systems will be able to cover a larger part of summer demand compared with the existing system.
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Saadon, Syamimi. "Modeling and simulation of a ventilated building integrated photovoltaic/thermal (BIPV/T) envelope." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAL0049.

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La demande d'énergie consommée par les habitants a connu une croissance significative au cours des 30 dernières années. Par conséquent, des actions sont menées en vue de développement des énergies renouvelables et en particulier de l'énergie solaire. De nombreuses solutions technologiques ont ensuite été proposées, telles que les capteurs solaires PV/T dont l'objectif est d'améliorer la performance des panneaux PV en récupérant l’énergie thermique qu’ils dissipent à l’aide d’un fluide caloporteur. Les recherches en vue de l'amélioration des productivités thermiques et électriques de ces composants ont conduit à l'intégration progressive à l’enveloppe des bâtiments afin d'améliorer leur surface de captation d’énergie solaire. Face à la problématique énergétique, les solutions envisagées dans le domaine du bâtiment s’orientent sur un mix énergétique favorisant la production locale ainsi que l’autoconsommation. Concernant l’électricité, les systèmes photovoltaïques intégrés au bâtiment (BIPV) représentent l’une des rares technologies capables de produire de l’électricité localement et sans émettre de gaz à effet de serre. Cependant, le niveau de température auquel fonctionnent ces composants et en particulier les composants cristallins, influence sensiblement leur efficacité ainsi que leur durée de vie. Ceci est donc d’autant plus vrai en configuration d’intégration. Ces deux constats mettent en lumière l’importance du refroidissement passif par convection naturelle de ces modules. Ce travail porte sur la simulation numérique d'une façade PV partiellement transparente et ventilée, conçu pour le rafraichissement en été (par convection naturelle) et pour la récupération de chaleur en hiver (par ventilation mécanique). Pour les deux configurations, l'air dans la cavité est chauffé par la transmission du rayonnement solaire à travers des surfaces vitrées, et par les échanges convectif et radiatif. Le système est simulé à l'aide d'un modèle multi-physique réduit adapté à une grande échelle dans des conditions réelles d'exploitation et développé pour l'environnement logiciel TRNSYS. La validation du modèle est ensuite présentée en utilisant des données expérimentales du projet RESSOURCES (ANR-PREBAT 2007). Cette étape a conduit, dans le troisième chapitre du calcul des besoins de chauffage et de refroidissement d'un bâtiment et l'évaluation de l'impact des variations climatiques sur les performances du système. Les résultats ont permis enfin d'effectuer une analyse énergétique et exergo-économique
The demand of energy consumed by human kind has been growing significantly over the past 30 years. Therefore, various actions are taken for the development of renewable energy and in particular solar energy. Many technological solutions have then been proposed, such as solar PV/T collectors whose objective is to improve the PV panels performance by recovering the heat lost with a heat removal fluid. The research for the improvement of the thermal and electrical productivities of these components has led to the gradual integration of the solar components into building in order to improve their absorbing area. Among technologies capable to produce electricity locally without con-tributing to greenhouse gas (GHG) releases is building integrated PV systems (BIPV). However, when exposed to intense solar radiation, the temperature of PV modules increases significantly, leading to a reduction in efficiency so that only about 14% of the incident radiation is converted into electrical energy. The high temperature also decreases the life of the modules, thereby making passive cooling of the PV components through natural convection a desirable and cost-effective means of overcoming both difficulties. A numerical model of heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of natural convection of air is therefore undertaken so as to provide reliable information for the design of BIPV. A simplified numerical model is used to model the PVT collector so as to gain an understanding of the complex processes involved in cooling of integrated photovoltaic arrays in double-skin building surfaces. This work addresses the numerical simulation of a semi-transparent, ventilated PV façade designed for cooling in summer (by natural convection) and for heat recovery in winter (by mechanical ventilation). For both configurations, air in the cavity between the two building skins (photovoltaic façade and the primary building wall) is heated by transmission through transparent glazed sections, and by convective and radiative exchange. The system is simulated with the aid of a reduced-order multi-physics model adapted to a full scale arrangement operating under real conditions and developed for the TRNSYS software environment. Validation of the model and the subsequent simulation of a building-coupled system are then presented, which were undertaken using experimental data from the RESSOURCES project (ANR-PREBAT 2007). This step led, in the third chapter to the calculation of the heating and cooling needs of a simulated building and the investigation of impact of climatic variations on the system performance. The results have permitted finally to perform the exergy and exergoeconomic analysis
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Boman, Kristin, Ida Adolfsson, and Sofia Ekbring. "Bifacial photovoltaic systems established in a Nordic climate : A study investigating a frameless bifacial panel compared to a monofacial panel." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-384180.

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The aim with this project was to study the power output from a frameless bifacial photovoltaic (PV) system relative to a traditional monofacial PV system with a frame. A general overview of how the geographical conditions affects the energy utilization of different PV systems is investigated throughout the project. Also, the study examined if further comparisons and evaluations, between PV systems, can be better established. The two examined solar parks, installed under different conditions, are located in Uppsala and Enköping, Sweden. In order to fulfill the aim and compare the different PV systems, three cases were analyzed. To increase the credibility of a comparison between the two cities, a sensitivity analysis considering the weather condition was executed. In case one, the result indicates that a bifacial panel is 5.2% and 3.6% more advantageous than a traditional monofacial panel during summer and winter, respectively. In case two, the frameless, more tilted and elevated bifacial panel is 58% and 680% more advantageous than a traditional monofacial panel during summer and winter, respectively. Also, in case three, the frameless, more tilted and elevated bifacial panel is 19% and 76% more advantageous than a bifacial panel with frame during summer and winter, respectively. When installing a new solar park, it is important to consider the location’s specific features since these affects the energy yield of the PV system. Future installations, which are installed with the intention to evaluate certain properties, is suggested to be installed with more initially comparable conditions in mind.
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Palumbo, Adam M. "Design and Analysis of Cooling Methods for Solar Panels." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1389719304.

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Dvořák, Vít. "Návrh fotovoltaické elektrárny pro rodinný dům v okrese Jihlava." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442514.

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This diploma thesis deals with the design of a photovoltaic solar power station for a specific family house in the Jihlava region. The aim of the work was to get acquainted with technologies about the production of solar systems, evaluate the market in the Czech Republic and create a design of photovoltaic solar power station. Three designs of power stations were created with the help of the PV * SOL design system. Each design uses different photovoltaic cell technology. The result of each power station design is a complete finished project, which is based on many factors such as the efficiency of the entire system in a certain location, financial analysis, return on investment and more. In addition, these projects meet the conditions for the preparation of the subsidy program Nová zelená úsporám. At the end of the work, all three designed power stations are evaluated and with the help of multicriteria analysis, the best and most advantageous power station design for the given locality is determined. In the end, the idea of further development of the project is presented.
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García-Gutiérrez, Luis Antonio. "Développement d'un contrôle actif tolérant aux défaillances appliqué aux systèmes PV." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30071.

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Cette thèse de doctorat aborde la problématique de la réalisation d'un système de contrôle actif de détection de défaut et diagnosis (FDD) pour un système de conversion photovoltaïque. Ce type de système de production d'énergie électrique est composé de panneaux solaires, d'un dispositif MPPT, d'un convertisseur de courant DC-DC, d'un onduleur DC-AC et d'une charge. Le système de contrôle actif à tolérance de pannes qui a été développé dans cette thèse est composé de deux étages : * Un étage assurant la fonction de diagnostic et comprenant les fonctions de détection de défauts, la fonction d'isolement de défauts, l'identification de défauts et l'estimation de l'ampleur du/des défaut(s) * Une fonction de reconfiguration du système photovoltaïque. Ce manuscrit est divisé en quatre chapitres : * Introduction au problème et révision de l'état de la technique * Modélisation mathématique du système photovoltaïque avec une validation expérimental de ce dernier effectué sur la plateforme PV de caractérisation du bâtiment réel ADREAM (Laboratoire LAAS-CNRS) * Conception et mise en œuvre du système de diagnostic de pannes du système photovoltaïque comprenant un Système actif à tolérance de pannes * Un système de diagnostic expérimental en cours de développement à l'aide d'un dispositif FPGA
This work contributes by developing an active fault tolerant control (AFTC) for Photovoltaic (PV) systems. The fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) methodology is based on the analysis of a model that compares real-time measurement. We use a high granularity PV array model in the FDD tool to allow faults to be detected in complex conditions. Firstly, the research focuses on fault detection in complex shadow conditions. A real-time approach is presented to emulate the electrical characteristics of PV modules under complex shadow conditions. Using a precise emulators approach is a real challenge to study the high non-linearity and the complexity of PV systems in partial shading. The real-time emulation was validated with simple experimental results under failure conditions to design specific fault-detection algorithms in a first sample. The second part of the research addresses the FDD method for DC/DC and DC/AC power converters that are connected to the grid. Primary results allowed us to validate the system's recovery for normal operating points after a fault with this complete AFTC approach. Emulations based on the simulation of distributed power converters, fault detection methodologies based on a model, and a hybrid diagnostician were then presented
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Salim, Hengky K. "Rooftop photovoltaic product stewardship transition in Australia using a novel systems approach and serious game." Thesis, Griffith University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/410160.

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In the past decade, there has been an exponential increase on the PV adoption in Australia. However, concerns have been raised over the potential environmental and human health impacts from the photovoltaic (PV) panel waste generated once the technologies reach their end-of-life (EoL). Creating a circular economy system for this product is imperative to avoid these negative impacts and to unlock economic opportunities from recovering valuable materials inside the PV panels. However, with current recycling technologies and waste volume, it is not possible to achieve an economy of scale. Designing a product stewardship scheme coupled with landfill regulations are one way to mitigate this problem by incentivising producers to financially contribute to the collection and recovery activities. Promoting an effective waste management policy requires a holistic and systemic consideration due to the multi-faceted nature of stakeholder interests and goals in this system. Thus, the overarching aim of this research is to develop a systems model and a serious game that can explore different transition pathways toward managing EoL PV panels in Australia through a careful consideration into the causal relationships, feedback mechanisms, and time delays that are present in the system. This research selected the residential-scale PV panel sector as its case study because this sector makes up the largest number of PV adoption. This research started with identifying the knowledge gaps and synthesising the drivers, barriers, and enablers from the academic literature. These factors were then validated through an expert review process to adapt them to the Australian context. A stakeholder surveys was conducted to rank and compare these factors among different types of stakeholders to understand the problems that need to be addressed and the potential strategies to overcome them. Subsequently, a causal loop diagram (CLD) was developed to visualise the system structure and complexity where the model boundary was determined based on the previous information. The CLD was converted into a system dynamics (SD) model to perform a scenario analysis of different transition pathways (i.e. market-driven growth, conservative development, shared responsibility, and disruptive change). Finally, the SD model was converted into a serious game to communicate the model to stakeholders to improve their understanding and decision-making ability. The findings of this research suggested the importance of enabling a system of shared responsibility in managing EoL rooftop PV panels in Australia to require producers with substantial market share to participate in the product stewardship scheme. It is unlikely that under a voluntary arrangement, significant collection and recovery outcomes can be achieved since there is no incentive to participate in the product stewardship scheme. Mandating all producers to contribute to the scheme will also negatively impact the waste management cost that is internalised into the product price. The serious game is intended to convey and communicate these messages to decision-makers and industries to support their scheme design and assessment. Overall, this thesis has made significant theoretical contributions to the current body of knowledge as it shifts from a linear thinking to a systems thinking to solve a waste management problem in a holistic and systemic manner. The integration between a systems approach and a serious game also provided a new way of dealing with complex environmental problems, but also an innovative and engaging way to communicate the model and research findings to stakeholders to improve their decision-making process. It also has direct practical implications due to its close industry collaboration by supporting the on-going PV product stewardship scheme assessment.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Eng & Built Env
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Books on the topic "Photovoltaic (PV) panels(PV)"

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Goodrich, Alan C. Solar PV manufacturing cost model group: Installed solar PV system prices. Golden, Colo.]: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2011.

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Al-Waeli, Ali H. A., Hussein A. Kazem, Miqdam Tariq Chaichan, and Kamaruzzaman Sopian. Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) Systems. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27824-3.

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(Organization), IT Power, ed. Solar photovoltaic power generation using PV technology. [Manila?]: Asian Development Bank, 1996.

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Jordan, Dirk. Survey of PV field experience. Golden, Colo.]: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2010.

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Deambi, Suneel. Solar PV power: A global perspective. New Delhi: The Energy and Resources Institute, 2011.

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S, Ullal Harin, IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (33rd : 2008 : San Diego, Calif.), and National Renewable Energy Laboratory (U.S.), eds. The role of polycrystalline thin-film PV technologies in competitive PV module markets: Preprint. Golden, Colo: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2008.

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Thornton, John P. PV-related utility activities in Colorado. Golden, CO]: [National Renewable Energy Laboratory], 1991.

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Lowder, Travis. The potential of securitization in solar PV finance. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2013.

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Thornton, John Preston. PV-related utility activities in Colorado. [Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1991.

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Thornton, John Preston. PV-related utility activities in Colorado. [Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Photovoltaic (PV) panels(PV)"

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Al−Ali, Amel Khalid Ali, Alaa Abdul-Ameer, and Basim Touqan. "Establishing a Guideline and Decision-Making Approach for UAE Solar Assets Waste Management by Utilizing PVsyst." In BUiD Doctoral Research Conference 2023, 321–36. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56121-4_31.

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AbstractThis research studies the PV solar panels waste with respect to their end-of-life EOL management for PV assets installed in a solar park in the UAE. The lack of thorough worldwide rules and frameworks that direct decision-making in connection to the disposal of photovoltaic (PV) panel waste, as well as the insufficient research on the management of such waste, are the driving forces behind this study. The study aims to address this gap by identifying the factors affecting the performance and efficiency of PV systems, specifically in UAE, a country known for its extremely hot and dry climate, and establish an evaluation approach and guidelines. PVsyst simulation software was utilized for the purpose of system performance analysis and to provide support in the decision-making process by adhering to specifically designed technical flowcharts. The fundamental performance-related parameters of the PV panels, coupled with meteorological information, were determined as important elements for assessing the general performance. The study also identified the main instruments used to make end-of-life (EOL) decisions. The results reveal that the photovoltaic (PV) system at the UAE solar park completed its end of life coupled with an 80% PR ratio sooner than anticipated, with 22 years as compared to the manufacturer's expected 25 years. This leads to the conclusion that installing photovoltaic (PV) panels in hot climates regions accelerates the degradation of the PV panels. The study provides a clear understanding of the circumstances that cause PV systems to fail earlier than expected and consequently introduce more waste to the environment.
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Chandrasekar, Murugesan, Tamilkolundu Senthilkumar, and Poornanandan Gopal. "Cooling Approaches for Solar PV Panels." In The Effects of Dust and Heat on Photovoltaic Modules: Impacts and Solutions, 213–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84635-0_8.

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Tiwari, Gopal Nath. "Photovoltaic (PV) Module and Its Panel and Array." In Advance Solar Photovoltaic Thermal Energy Technologies, 73–97. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4993-9_4.

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De Simone, Marilena. "PV and Thermal Solar Systems Application in Buildings. A State of Art in the Context of Circular Economy." In Creating a Roadmap Towards Circularity in the Built Environment, 187–97. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45980-1_16.

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AbstractSolar energy is one of the most promising sources for low carbon energy production. In particular, PV panels and thermal solar collectors can be easily integrated into new and existing buildings to improve their energy efficiency and sustainability. On the other hand, solar-based technologies require extraction of natural resources and processing, thus materials conservation and recovery are vital to effectively contribute to the decarbonization of the construction sector. The paper is meant to be a brief state of the art that summarizes the relevant issues for achieving the goal of circular economy of buildings with the focus on solar energy application, with the novelty of considering and comparing two technologies, photovoltaic and thermal. Most of the scientific literature was dedicated to PV technologies due to the increasing importance of the electrification process and the usage of materials with reduced availability. Thermal solar collectors were mainly analysed developing LCA without a larger point of view embracing circularity concepts. Apart from the technological matters, the investigation highlights social, behavioral, and economic aspects that can be crucial to trace the route to circular economy.
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Mandavgane, Aishwarya, Sujata Karve, Prajakta Kulkarni, and Namrata Dhamankar. "The Impact of Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Rooftop Panels on Temperature Profiles of Surroundings and Urban Thermal Environment." In Green Energy and Technology, 409–19. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-2279-6_35.

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Ustaoğlu, Abid, and Samet Kuloğlu. "Choosing the Best Solar Panel for Photovoltaic (Pv) System Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)." In Springer Proceedings in Energy, 563–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30171-1_60.

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Ngu, Nguyen Viet, Le Thi Minh Tam, and Do Thanh Hieu. "Research Three-Phase Stand-Alone Photovoltaic System Control Methods When PV Panel Under Partial Shading Conditions." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 754–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99666-6_108.

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Palz, Wolfgang. "PV photovoltaics Policies photovoltaic (PV) policies and Markets photovoltaic (PV) market." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, 8372–86. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_458.

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Palz, Wolfgang. "PV photovoltaics Policies photovoltaic (PV) policies and Markets photovoltaic (PV) market." In Solar Energy, 212–25. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5806-7_458.

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Whitaker, Charles M., Timothy U. Townsend, Anat Razon, Raymond M. Hudson, and Xavier Vallvé. "PV Systems." In Handbook of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, 841–95. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470974704.ch19.

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Conference papers on the topic "Photovoltaic (PV) panels(PV)"

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Karimi, Hamed, Pouya Tarassodi, Alireza Siadatan, and Maryam Sepehrinour. "Designing and Manufacturing a Solar Tracking of Photovoltaic (PV) Panels for Produce Maximum Power Electrical." In 2024 International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion (SPEEDAM), 498–502. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/speedam61530.2024.10609214.

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Bodhanker, Prathusha, Ann Bradish, and John Kelly Kissock. "Design and Performance Improvement of Mirror Augmented Photovoltaic Systems." In ASME 2016 10th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2016 Power Conference and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2016-59366.

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Augmenting photo-voltaic (PV) system performance using fixed flat mirrors boosts PV power output. Previous literature reports that fixed flat mirrors create non-uniform irradiance on the PV panels, which limits the current and decreases panel efficiency. Triplex panels have a modified cell string architecture that splits the panel into three separate sections to address this problem. This paper describes an experimental setup consisting of a pyranometer to measure total solar irradiation, an air temperature sensor, a standard PV panel with and without mirrors, and a triplex panel with and without mirrors. The sensor and PV panels are connected to Daystar Multi-tracer logger to collect the instantaneous data. The experiment is simulated using TracePro® to determine the distribution of radiation reflected onto the PV panels. Both simulated and measured results indicate the bottom part of the mirror augmented panels receive the most solar irradiance followed by middle portion, followed by top portion. The results document the difference in performance between standard and Triplex panels with fixed flat mirrors and suggest configurations that maximize performance.
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Rosenthal, Andrew H., Bruna P. Gonçalves, J. A. Beckwith, Rohit Gulati, Marc D. Compere, and Sandra K. S. Boetcher. "Phase-Change Material to Thermally Regulate Photovoltaic Panels to Improve Solar to Electric Efficiency." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-50650.

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This paper investigates the use of phase-change material (PCM) for temperature regulation of a rack-mounted photovoltaic (PV) solar panel. PV panels exhibit a significant decrease in electrical efficiency as temperature trends higher. Current PV panels are approximately 10–16% efficient at harnessing incident solar irradiation into effective electrical power. The remaining solar irradiation that is not converted to electricity will heat the PV panel and decrease efficiency. Using PCM for temperature regulation and temporary heat storage in photovoltaic/thermal systems (PVT) is an emerging technology that has attracted attention recently. The PCM absorbs heat and regulates peak temperature, which allows the PV panel to operate at lower temperatures during peak solar conditions. Further, the waste heat stored in the PCM can be used for other applications. The main focus of this paper is to experimentally evaluate the heat dissipation of four different PCM containment configurations from a simulated PV panel.
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Elsherbiny, Lamiaa, Ali Al-Alili, and Saeed Alhassan. "Short Term Photovoltaic Power Forecasting." In ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2021 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2021-63850.

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Abstract Due to the rapid increase of energy demand and the continuous decrease of renewable energy cost, photovoltaic (PV) installed capacity has increased significantly. The PV power output depends on the available solar irradiance and other meteorological data such as air temperature, wind speed, and relative humidity. The performance of PV panels also depends on the cleaning frequency and maintenance of these panels. Soiling is considered to be a key factor on PV performance in desert areas. The Middle East has one of the highest dust intensity in the world which results in dramatic PV power losses. Therefore, forecasting the power output of PV panels is essential for the development of smart grids and smart metering techniques. In this study, a hybrid Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is developed to forecast the performance of a PV panel. The hybrid ANN is trained on the local weather and solar data as well as different cleaning frequencies. Then, the performance of the hybrid-ANN is compared to that of a conventional ANN. The results are presented in terms of different statistical indices such as the root mean square error (RMSE) and the mean bias error (MBE). The results are used to find the optimal cleaning frequency required for the optimal PV performance.
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Chapaneri, Kaushal, Shahzada Pamir Aly, Jim Joseph John, Gerhard Mathiak, Vivian Alberts, and Muhammad A. Alam. "Self-Thermometry of PV Panels." In 2023 IEEE 50th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc48320.2023.10359913.

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Jakobsen, Michael Linde, Sune Thorsteinsson, Peter Behrensdorff Poulsen, Peter Melchior Rodder, and Kristin Rodder. "Vertical reflector for bifacial PV-panels." In 2016 IEEE 43rd Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc.2016.7750136.

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Ghabuzyan, Levon, Jim Kuo, and Christopher Baldus-Jeursen. "Quantifying the Effects of Convective Heat Transfer on Photovoltaic Performance and Optimal Tilt Angle." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24356.

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Abstract Electrical performance of photovoltaic (PV) cells are affected by their operating temperatures, which lead to changes in the performance of the PV panel. The performance and efficiency of a PV system is dependent upon many factors, such as its angle of incidence, accumulation of dust, speed and direction of natural winds. Particularly, angle of incidence between solar rays and PV modules is the most important. This paper will focus on developing a numerical tool for predicting the optimal tilt angle, based on wind flow over PV panel in a fixed tilt array, in order to observe the effects on performance. A 1.651 m long by 0.991 m wide solar PV panel is used in the analysis. The panel is mounted on top of a tall building and the tilt angle is fixed at one angle. This paper will observe how the PV panel is affected by wind flow and how the optimal tilt angle will change, and if it is necessary to account for convection. Increasing convective heat transfer has the potential to reduce the operating temperatures of photovoltaic solar panels thus increasing their efficiency and producing more power. This relationship was used in a numerical tool to predict the performance of the panel at different tilt angles and different wind speeds. The results show that wind speed and direction do affect power output and that designers should account for convective effects when designing positioning and orientation of solar panels.
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HAERUMAN, Agus. "AI-Based PV Panels Inspection using an Advanced YOLO Algorithm." In Renewable Energy: Generation and Application. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644903216-30.

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Abstract. The rapid growth of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems as green energy sources has gained momentum in recent years. However, the anomalies of PV panel defects can reduce its efficiency and minimize energy harvesting from the plant. The manual inspection of PV panel defects throughout the plant is costly and time-consuming. Thus, implementing more intelligent ways to inspect solar panel defects will provide more benefits than traditional ones. This study presents an implementation of a deep learning model to detect solar panel defects using an advanced object detection algorithm called You Look Only Once, version 7 (YOLOv7). YOLO is a popular algorithm in computer vision for classification and localization. The dataset utilized in this study was sourced from ROBOFLOW, consisting of 1660 infrared images showcasing thermal defects in PV panels. The model was constructed to identify a broader range of images with heterogeneity, leveraging the aforementioned dataset. Following validation, the model demonstrates a mean Average Precision (mAP) of 85.9%. With this accuracy, the model is relevant for real-world applications. This assertion is affirmed by testing the model with additional data from separate video-capturing PV panels. The video was recorded using a drone equipped with a thermal camera.
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Modrek, Mohamad, and Ali Al-Alili. "Experimental Investigation of a Flat Plate Photovoltaic/Thermal Collector." In ASME 2018 12th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2018 Power Conference and the ASME 2018 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2018-7223.

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Photovoltaic thermal collectors (PVT) combines technologies of photovoltaic panels and solar thermal collectors into a hybrid system by attaching an absorber to the back surface of a PV panel. PVT collectors have gained a lot of attention recently due to the high energy output per unit area compared to a standalone system of PV panels and solar thermal collectors. In this study, performance of a liquid cooled flat PVT collector under the climatic conditions of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates was experimentally investigated. The electrical performances of the PVT collector was compared to that of a standalone PV panel. Moreover, effect of sand accumulation on performance of PVT collectors was examined. Additionally, effect of mass flow rate on thermal and electrical output of PVT collector was studied. Electrical power output is slightly affected by changes in mass flow rate. However, thermal energy increased by 22% with increasing flow rate. Electrical power output of a PV panel was found to be 38% lower compared to electrical output of PVT collectors. Dust accumulation on PVT surface reduced electrical power output up to 7% compared with a reference PVT collector.
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Najafi, Hamidreza, and Keith Woodbury. "Feasibility Study of Using Thermoelectric Cooling Modules for Active Cooling of Photovoltaic Panels." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-88222.

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Temperature increment is one of the main challenges for solar concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) systems which cause cell degradation and significant efficiency loss. To overcome this issue, a novel cooling method by using Peltier effect is proposed and investigated. In this approach, thermoelectric cooling (TEC) modules are considered to be installed on the back side of the photovoltaic (PV) module. The required power to run the TEC module is provided by the PV panel itself. A comprehensive model is developed and simulated via MATLAB in order to determine the values of temperatures in different sections of the system and calculate the required power to run the TEC module and the extra generated power by PV panels due to the cooling effect. The result shows that using TEC modules can successfully keep the PV cell temperature within the desired temperature range during a hot day when limited temperature reduction is needed.
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Reports on the topic "Photovoltaic (PV) panels(PV)"

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Komoto, Keiichi, Jin-Seok Lee, Jia Zhang, Dwarakanath Ravikumar, Parikhit Sinha, Andreas Wade, and Garvin A. Heath. End-of-Life Management of Photovoltaic Panels: Trends in PV Module Recycling Technologies. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1561523.

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Davidson, Carolyn, and Robert Margolis. Selecting Solar: Insights into Residential Photovoltaic (PV) Quote Variation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1225927.

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Davidson, Carolyn, and Robert Margolis. Selecting Solar. Insights into Residential Photovoltaic (PV) Quote Variation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1227799.

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Margolis, R., R. Mitchell, and K. Zweibel. Lessons Learned from the Photovoltaic Manufacturing Technology/PV Manufacturing R&D and Thin Film PV Partnership Projects. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/893640.

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Feldman, David, Galen Barbose, Robert Margolis, Ryan Wiser, Naim Darghouth, and Alan Goodrich. Photovoltaic (PV) Pricing Trends: Historical, Recent, and Near-Term Projections. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1172243.

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Feldman, D., G. Barbose, R. Margolis, R. Wiser, N. Darghouth, and A. Goodrich. Photovoltaic (PV) Pricing Trends: Historical, Recent, and Near-Term Projections. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1059147.

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Backstrom, Robert, and David Dini. Firefighter Safety and Photovoltaic Systems Summary. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, November 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/kylj9621.

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Under the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Assistance to Firefighter Grant Fire Prevention and Safety Research Program, Underwriters Laboratories examined fire service concerns of photovoltaic (PV) systems. These concerns include firefighter vulnerability to electrical and casualty hazards when mitigating a fire involving photovoltaic (PV) modules systems. The need for this project is significant acknowledging the increasing use of photovoltaic systems, growing at a rate of 30% annually. As a result of greater utilization, traditional firefighter tactics for suppression, ventilation and overhaul have been complicated, leaving firefighters vulnerable to potentially unrecognized exposure. Though the electrical and fire hazards associated with electrical generation and distribution systems is well known, PV systems present unique safety considerations. A very limited body of knowledge and insufficient data exists to understand the risks to the extent that the fire service has been unable to develop safety solutions and respond in a safe manner. This fire research project developed the empirical data that is needed to quantify the hazards associated with PV installations. This data provides the foundation to modify current or develop new firefighting practices to reduce firefighter death and injury. A functioning PV array was constructed at Underwriters Laboratories in Northbrook, IL to serve as a test fixture. The main test array consisted of 26 PV framed modules rated 230 W each (5980 W total rated power). Multiple experiments were conducted to investigate the efficacy of power isolation techniques and the potential hazard from contact of typical firefighter tools with live electrical PV components. Existing fire test fixtures located at the Delaware County Emergency Services Training Center were modified to construct full scale representations of roof mounted PV systems. PV arrays were mounted above Class A roofs supported by wood trusses. Two series of experiments were conducted. The first series represented a room of content fire, extending into the attic space, breaching the roof and resulting in structural collapse. Three PV technologies were subjected to this fire condition – rack mounted metal framed, glass on polymer modules, building integrated PV shingles, and a flexible laminate attached to a standing metal seam roof. A second series of experiments was conducted on the metal frame technology. These experiments represented two fire scenarios, a room of content fire venting from a window and the ignition of debris accumulation under the array. The results of these experiments provide a technical basis for the fire service to examine their equipment, tactics, standard operating procedures and training content. Several tactical considerations were developed utilizing the data from the experiments to provide specific examples of potential electrical shock hazard from PV installations during and after a fire event.
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Davidson, Carolyn, Pieter Gagnon, Paul Denholm, and Robert Margolis. Nationwide Analysis of U.S. Commercial Building Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Breakeven Conditions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1225926.

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Huque, Aminul, Alex Magerko, and Tanguy Hubert. Beneficial Integration of Energy Storage and Load Management with Photovoltaic (PV). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1959825.

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Belding, Scott, H. A. Walker, and Andrea C. Watson. Will Solar Panels Help When the Power Goes Out? Planning for PV Resilience. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1606153.

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