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Journal articles on the topic 'Photosystem antenna size'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Schiphorst, Christo, Luuk Achterberg, Rodrigo Gómez, et al. "The role of light-harvesting complex I in excitation energy transfer from LHCII to photosystem I in Arabidopsis." Plant Physiology 188, no. 4 (2021): 2241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiab579.

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Abstract Photosynthesis powers nearly all life on Earth. Light absorbed by photosystems drives the conversion of water and carbon dioxide into sugars. In plants, photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII) work in series to drive the electron transport from water to NADP+. As both photosystems largely work in series, a balanced excitation pressure is required for optimal photosynthetic performance. Both photosystems are composed of a core and light-harvesting complexes (LHCI) for PSI and LHCII for PSII. When the light conditions favor the excitation of one photosystem over the other, a mobil

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2

Mäenpää, Pirkko, and Bertil Andersson. "Photosystem II Heterogeneity and Long-Term Acclimation of Light-Harvesting." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 44, no. 5-6 (1989): 403–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1989-5-611.

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Abstract The main chlorophyll a/b protein complex of the chloroplast thylakoid membrane is organized into two subpopulations; one inner which is tightly bound to the photosystem II core and one outer which is bound more loosely or peripherally. In this study, changes in the LHC II com position due to long-term light acclimation were analyzed and quantified in spinach thylakoids and isolated stroma lamellae vesicles. The results show that; photosystem II located in the appressed thylakoid regions (α-centres) which have a relatively large antenna size, contains both the inner and outer LHC II wi

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3

van Rensen, Jack J. S., and Leon E. E. M. Spätjens. "Photosystem II Heterogeneity in Triazine-Resistant and Susceptible Biotypes of Chenopodium album." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 42, no. 6 (1987): 794–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1987-0625.

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The heterogeneity of photosystem II with respect to α and β centers was investigated in triazine-resistant and susceptible biotypes of Chenopodium album . In both biotypes the light harvesting antenna sizes of photosystem II α centers was larger than those of β centers. In the resistant biotype the antenna size of the α centers was smaller than those in the susceptible one. There was not much difference in the antenna sizes of the β centers. The proportion of β centers was larger in the resistant biotype compared with the sensitive one.

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4

Rensen, Jack J. S. van, and Leon E. E. M. Spätjens. "Photosystem II Heterogeneity in Triazine-Resistant and Susceptible Biotypes of Chenopodium album." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 42, no. 7-8 (1987): 794–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1987-7-808.

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The heterogeneity of photosystem II with respect to a and β centers was investigated in triazine-resistant and susceptible biotypes of Chenopodium album. In both biotypes the light harvesting antenna sizes of photosystem II a centers was larger than those of β centers. In the resistant biotype the antenna size of the a centers was smaller than those in the susceptible one. There was not much difference in the antenna sizes of the β centers. The proportion of β centers was larger in the resistant biotype compared with the sensitive one.

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5

Sundby, Cecilia, Anastasios Melis, Pirkko Mäenpää та Bertil Andersson. "Temperature-dependent changes in the antenna size of Photosystem II. Reversible conversion of Photosystem IIα to Photosystem IIβ". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 851, № 3 (1986): 475–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(86)90084-8.

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6

Hemelrijk, Petra W., and Hans J. van Gorkom. "Size-distributions of antenna and acceptor-pool of Photosystem II." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 1274, no. 1-2 (1996): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(96)00006-0.

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7

Velitchkova, Maya, Martin Stefanov, and Antoaneta V. Popova. "Effect of Low Light on Photosynthetic Performance of Tomato Plants—Ailsa Craig and Carotenoid Mutant Tangerine." Plants 12, no. 16 (2023): 3000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12163000.

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The effects of a five-day treatment with low light intensity on tomato plants—Ailsa Craig and tangerine mutant—at normal and low temperatures and after recovery for three days under control conditions were investigated. The tangerine tomato, which has orange fruits, yellowish young leaves, and pale blossoms, accumulates prolycopene rather than all-trans lycopene. We investigated the impact of low light at normal and low temperatures on the functioning and effectiveness of photosynthetic apparatuses of both plants. The photochemical activities of Photosystem I (PSI) and Photosystem II (PSII) we

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8

Joshi, Manoj K., Prasanna Mohanty, and Salil Bose. "Inhibition of State Transition and Light-Harvesting Complex II Phosphorylation-Mediated Changes in Excitation Energy Distribution in the Thylakoids of SANDOZ 9785-Treated Plants." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 50, no. 1-2 (1995): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1995-1-212.

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Abstract Thylakoids isolated from SAN 9785 (4-chloro-5-dimethylamino-2-phenyl-3(2H)-pyridazi-none)-treated pea plants showed an inhibition of “state transition” and the light-harvesting complex II (LHC II) phosphorylation-mediated changes in the energy distribution between photosystem II (PS II) and photosystem I (PS I) as measured by a decrease in PS II and an increase in PS I fluorescence yield. Interestingly, in these thylakoids the extent of phosphorylation-induced migration of light-harvesting complex (LHC II-P) to non-appressed membrane regions was only marginally inhibited. We propose

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9

Guenther, J. E., J. A. Nemson, and A. Melis. "Photosystem stoichiometry and chlorophyll antenna size in Dunaliella salina (green algae)." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 934, no. 1 (1988): 108–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(88)90125-9.

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10

Barter, Laura M. C., Maria Bianchietti, Chris Jeans, et al. "Relationship between Excitation Energy Transfer, Trapping, and Antenna Size in Photosystem II†." Biochemistry 40, no. 13 (2001): 4026–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi001724q.

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11

Chow, W. S., J. M. Anderson, and A. Melis. "The Photosystem Stoichiometry in Thylakoids of Some Australian Shade-adapted Plant Species." Functional Plant Biology 17, no. 6 (1990): 665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9900665.

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The concentrations of functional photosystem I1 (PSII) reaction centres in leaves and photosystem I reaction centres (P700) in thylakoids isolated from comparable leaves of Australian shade-adapted plant species of diverse taxa, life-forms and habitats were compared. The concentrations of PSII were determined directly in leaves by the oxygen yield per single-turnover flash in the presence of far-red background illumination. The concentrations of P700 were determined by the light-induced absorbance change of thylakoid membranes at 703 nm. On a chlorophyll basis, the amounts of both functional P

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12

Park II, Y., W. S. Chow, and J. M. Anderson. "Antenna Size Dependency of Photoinactivation of Photosystem II in Light-Acclimated Pea Leaves." Plant Physiology 115, no. 1 (1997): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.115.1.151.

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13

Zulfugarov, Ismayil S., Ok-Kyung Ham, Sujata R. Mishra, et al. "Dependence of reaction center-type energy-dependent quenching on photosystem II antenna size." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 1767, no. 6 (2007): 773–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbabio.2007.02.021.

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14

Jia, Ting, Hisashi Ito, and Ayumi Tanaka. "Simultaneous regulation of antenna size and photosystem I/II stoichiometry in Arabidopsis thaliana." Planta 244, no. 5 (2016): 1041–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00425-016-2568-5.

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15

Kula-Maximenko, Monika, Kamil Jan Zieliński, and Ireneusz Ślesak. "The Role of Selected Wavelengths of Light in the Activity of Photosystem II in Gloeobacter violaceus." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 8 (2021): 4021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22084021.

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Gloeobacter violaceus is a cyanobacteria species with a lack of thylakoids, while photosynthetic antennas, i.e., phycobilisomes (PBSs), photosystem II (PSII), and I (PSI), are located in the cytoplasmic membrane. We verified the hypothesis that blue–red (BR) light supplemented with a far-red (FR), ultraviolet A (UVA), and green (G) light can affect the photosynthetic electron transport chain in PSII and explain the differences in the growth of the G. violaceus culture. The cyanobacteria were cultured under different light conditions. The largest increase in G. violaceus biomass was observed on

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16

Andreasson, Eva, Per Svensson, Claes Weibull, and Per-Åke Albertsson. "Separation and characterization of stroma and grana membranes — evidence for heterogeneity in antenna size of both Photosystem I and Photosystem II." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 936, no. 3 (1988): 339–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(88)90010-2.

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17

Borisova-Mubarakshina, Maria M., Daria V. Vetoshkina, Ilya A. Naydov, et al. "Regulation of the size of photosystem II light harvesting antenna represents a universal mechanism of higher plant acclimation to stress conditions." Functional Plant Biology 47, no. 11 (2020): 959. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp19362.

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We investigated acclimatory responses of Arabidopsis plants to drought and salinity conditions before the appearance of obvious signs of damage caused by these factors. We detected changes indicating an increase in the reduction level of the chloroplast plastoquinone pool (PQ pool) 5–7 days after introduction of the stress factors. After 10–14 days, a decrease in the size of PSII light harvesting antenna was observed in plants under conditions of drought and salinity. This was confirmed by a decrease in content of PSII antenna proteins and by downregulation of gene expression levels of these p

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18

Kornyeyev, D. Y. "The Antenna Size of QB-reducing Photosystem 2 Complexes in Different Fractions of Subchloroplast Particles." Photosynthetica 35, no. 2 (1997): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1006975210174.

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19

Ghirardi, Maria L., and Anastasios Melis. "Chlorophyll b deficiency in soybean mutants. I. Effects on photosystem stoichiometry and chlorophyll antenna size." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 932 (1988): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(88)90147-8.

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20

Srivastava, Madhulika, Devaki Bhaya, and Salil Bose. "Changes in the antenna size of Photosystem I and Photosystem II in Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7942 grown in the presence of SANDOZ 9785 ? a Photosystem II inhibitor." Photosynthesis Research 41, no. 2 (1994): 303–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00019408.

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21

Owens, T. G., S. P. Webb, L. Mets, R. S. Alberte, and G. R. Fleming. "Antenna size dependence of fluorescence decay in the core antenna of photosystem I: estimates of charge separation and energy transfer rates." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 84, no. 6 (1987): 1532–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.84.6.1532.

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22

Tanaka, Ryouichi, Yoshihiro Koshino, Shinichiro Sawa, Sumie Ishiguro, Kiyotaka Okada, and Ayumi Tanaka. "Overexpression of chlorophyllide a oxygenase (CAO) enlarges the antenna size of photosystem II in Arabidopsis thaliana." Plant Journal 26, no. 4 (2001): 365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-313x.2001.2641034.x.

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23

Tadmor, Yuval, Amir Raz, Shira Reikin-Barak, et al. "Metamitron, a Photosynthetic Electron Transport Chain Inhibitor, Modulates the Photoprotective Mechanism of Apple Trees." Plants 10, no. 12 (2021): 2803. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10122803.

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Chemical thinning of apple fruitlets is an important practice as it reduces the natural fruit load and, therefore, increases the size of the final fruit for commercial markets. In apples, one chemical thinner used is Metamitron, which is sold as the commercial product Brevis® (Adama, Ashdod, Israel). This thinner inhibits the electron transfer between Photosystem II and Quinone-b within light reactions of photosynthesis. In this study, we investigated the responses of two apple cultivars—Golden Delicious and Top Red—and photosynthetic light reactions after administration of Brevis®. The analys

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24

Blifernez-Klassen, Olga, Hanna Berger, Birgit Gerlinde Katharina Mittmann, et al. "A gene regulatory network for antenna size control in carbon dioxide-deprived Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells." Plant Cell 33, no. 4 (2021): 1303–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koab012.

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Abstract In green microalgae, prolonged exposure to inorganic carbon depletion requires long-term acclimation responses, involving modulated gene expression and the adjustment of photosynthetic activity to the prevailing supply of carbon dioxide. Here, we describe a microalgal regulatory cycle that adjusts the light-harvesting capacity at photosystem II (PSII) to the prevailing supply of carbon dioxide in Chlamydomonas (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii). It engages low carbon dioxide response factor (LCRF), a member of the squamosa promoter-binding protein (SBP) family of transcription factors, and t

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25

Jia, Ting, Hisashi Ito, and Ayumi Tanaka. "The Chlorophyll b Reductase NOL Participates in Regulating the Antenna Size of Photosystem II in Arabidopsis Thaliana." Procedia Chemistry 14 (2015): 422–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proche.2015.03.057.

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26

Hansson, Örjan, Jacques Duranton, and Paul Mathis. "Yield and lifetime of the primary radical pair in preparations of Photosystem II with different antenna size." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 932 (1988): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(88)90142-9.

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27

Kuryanchyk, Tatsiana G., and Nikolay V. Kozel. "Photosynthetic apparatus of barley plants treated with 5-aminolevulinic acid: mechanisms of adaptation to drought." Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, no. 3 (November 8, 2022): 26–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33581/2957-5060-2022-3-26-38.

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A significant effect of soil drought on the morphometric parameters of the leaves of barley plants of the Brovar and Avans varieties, the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, as well as the content of photosynthetic pigments in them has been established. It has been shown that during drought, the treatment of leaves of barley plants of the Brovar variety with 5-aminolevulinic acid causes a decrease in the content of proteins of photosystem antenna complexes, which leads to a decrease in the size of the light-harvesting antenna and is an effective mechanism for protecting the photosynthetic

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28

Shi, Jiale, Mengyun Jiang, He Wang, et al. "Effects of Mycotoxin Fumagillin, Mevastatin, Radicicol, and Wortmannin on Photosynthesis of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii." Plants 12, no. 3 (2023): 665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12030665.

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Mycotoxins are one of the most important sources for the discovery of new pesticides and drugs because of their chemical structural diversity and fascinating bioactivity as well as unique novel targets. Here, the effects of four mycotoxins, fumagillin, mevastatin, radicicol, and wortmannin, on photosynthesis were investigated to identify their precise sites of action on the photosynthetic apparatus of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Our results showed that these four mycotoxins have multiple targets, acting mainly on photosystem II (PSII). Their mode of action is similar to that of diuron, inhibiti

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29

Borisova-Mubarakshina, M. M., D. V. Vetoshkina, N. N. Rudenko, et al. "The size of the light-harvesting antenna of higher plant photosystem ii is regulated by illumination intensity through transcription of antenna protein genes." Biochemistry (Moscow) 79, no. 6 (2014): 520–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0006297914060042.

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30

Yang, Young Nam, Thi Thuy Linh Le, Ji-Hye Hwang, et al. "High Light Acclimation Mechanisms Deficient in a PsbS-Knockout Arabidopsis Mutant." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 5 (2022): 2695. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23052695.

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The photosystem II PsbS protein of thylakoid membranes is responsible for regulating the energy-dependent, non-photochemical quenching of excess chlorophyll excited states as a short-term mechanism for protection against high light (HL) stress. However, the role of PsbS protein in long-term HL acclimation processes remains poorly understood. Here we investigate the role of PsbS protein during long-term HL acclimation processes in wild-type (WT) and npq4-1 mutants of Arabidopsis which lack the PsbS protein. During long-term HL illumination, photosystem II photochemical efficiency initially drop

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31

Bielczynski, Ludwik W., Gert Schansker, and Roberta Croce. "Consequences of the reduction of the Photosystem II antenna size on the light acclimation capacity of Arabidopsis thaliana." Plant, Cell & Environment 43, no. 4 (2020): 866–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pce.13701.

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32

Kirst, Henning, Jose Gines Garcia-Cerdan, Andreas Zurbriggen, Thilo Ruehle, and Anastasios Melis. "Truncated Photosystem Chlorophyll Antenna Size in the Green Microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii upon Deletion of the TLA3-CpSRP43 Gene." Plant Physiology 160, no. 4 (2012): 2251–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.112.206672.

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33

Härtel, Heiko, and Heiko Lokstein. "Relationship between quenching of maximum and dark-level chlorophyll fluorescence in vivo: dependence on Photosystem II antenna size." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 1228, no. 1 (1995): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(94)00172-2.

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34

Nadeeva, Elena M., Natalia N. Rudenko, Lyudmila K. Ignatova, Daria V. Vetoshkina та Boris N. Ivanov. "Effect of the Absence of α Carbonic Anhydrase 2 on the PSII Light-Harvesting Complex Size in Arabidopsis thaliana". Plants 14, № 10 (2025): 1529. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14101529.

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The absence of α-carbonic anhydrase 2 (α-CA2) in Arabidopsis thaliana leads to higher contents of chlorophylls a and b, and to a reduced chlorophyll a/b ratio, suggesting an increased PSII antenna compared to the wild type (WT). The evaluation of the OJIP kinetics of chlorophyll fluorescence in leaves of WT and α-carbonic anhydrase 2 knockout (α-CA2-KO) plants revealed higher apparent photosystem II (PSII) light-harvesting antenna size in the mutants. The higher levels of both Lhcb1 and Lhcb2 proteins in α-CA2-KO plants compared to WT plants were demonstrated using immunoblotting. Gene express

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35

Polle, Juergen E. W., Krishna K. Niyogi, and Anastasios Melis. "Absence of Lutein, Violaxanthin and Neoxanthin Affects the Functional Chlorophyll Antenna Size of Photosystem-II but not that of Photosystem-I in the Green Alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii." Plant and Cell Physiology 42, no. 5 (2001): 482–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pce058.

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36

Baroli, Irene, and Anastasios Melis. "Photoinhibitory damage is modulated by the rate of photosynthesis and by the photosystem II light-harvesting chlorophyll antenna size." Planta 205, no. 2 (1998): 288–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004250050323.

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37

Wientjes, Emilie, Herbert van Amerongen, and Roberta Croce. "Quantum Yield of Charge Separation in Photosystem II: Functional Effect of Changes in the Antenna Size upon Light Acclimation." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 117, no. 38 (2013): 11200–11208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp401663w.

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38

Osmond, Barry, Wah Soon Chow, Barry J. Pogson, and Sharon A. Robinson. "Probing functional and optical cross-sections of PSII in leaves during state transitions using fast repetition rate light induced fluorescence transients." Functional Plant Biology 46, no. 6 (2019): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp18054.

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Plants adjust the relative sizes of PSII and PSI antennae in response to the spectral composition of weak light favouring either photosystem by processes known as state transitions (ST), attributed to a discrete antenna migration involving phosphorylation of light-harvesting chlorophyll-protein complexes in PSII. Here for the first time we monitored the extent and dynamics of ST in leaves from estimates of optical absorption cross-section (relative PSII antenna size; aPSII). These estimates were obtained from in situ measurements of functional absorption cross-section (σPSII) and maximum photo

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39

Mathur, Sonal, Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev, and Anjana Jajoo. "Analysis of high temperature stress on the dynamics of antenna size and reducing side heterogeneity of Photosystem II in wheat leaves (Triticum aestivum)." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 1807, no. 1 (2011): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.09.001.

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40

Colpo, Andrea, Sara Demaria, Costanza Baldisserotto, et al. "Long-Term Alleviation of the Functional Phenotype in Chlorophyll-Deficient Wheat and Impact on Productivity: A Semi-Field Phenotyping Experiment." Plants 12, no. 4 (2023): 822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12040822.

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Wheat mutants with a reduced chlorophyll synthesis are affected by a defective control of the photosynthetic electron flow, but tend to recover a wild-type phenotype. The sensitivity of some mutants to light fluctuations suggested that cultivation outdoors could significantly impact productivity. Six mutant lines of Triticum durum or Triticum aestivum with their respective wild-type cultivars were cultivated with a regular seasonal cycle (October–May) in a semi-field experiment. Leaf chlorophyll content and fluorescence parameters were analysed at the early (November) and late (May) developmen

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41

Tyystjärvi, Esa, Reetta Kettunen, and Eva-Mari Aro. "The rate constant of photoinhibition in vitro is independent of the antenna size of Photosystem II but depends on temperature." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 1186, no. 3 (1994): 177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(94)90177-5.

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42

Harrison, Michael A., Anastasios Melis, and John F. Allen. "Restoration of irradiance-stressed Dunaliella salina (green alga) to physiological growth conditions: changes in antenna size and composition of Photosystem II." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 1100, no. 1 (1992): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(92)90129-p.

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43

Barbato, R., G. Friso, F. Rigoni, F. Dalla Vecchia, and G. M. Giacometti. "Structural changes and lateral redistribution of photosystem II during donor side photoinhibition of thylakoids." Journal of Cell Biology 119, no. 2 (1992): 325–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.119.2.325.

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The structural and topological stability of thylakoid components under photoinhibitory conditions (4,500 microE.m-2.s-1 white light) was studied on Mn depleted thylakoids isolated from spinach leaves. After various exposures to photoinhibitory light, the chlorophyll-protein complexes of both photosystems I and II were separated by sucrose gradient centrifugation and analysed by Western blotting, using a set of polyclonals raised against various apoproteins of the photosynthetic apparatus. A series of events occurring during donor side photoinhibition are described for photosystem II, including

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44

Boichenko, Vladimir A., Wolfgang Wiessner, Vyacheslav V. Klimov, Dierk Mende, and Sándor Demeter. "Hydrogen Photoevolution Indicates an Increase in the Antenna Size of Photosystem I in Chlamydobotrys stellata during Transition from Autotrophic to Photoheterotrophic Nutrition." Plant Physiology 100, no. 1 (1992): 518–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.100.1.518.

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45

Renger, G., HJ Eckert, A. Bergmann, et al. "Fluorescence and Spectroscopic Studies of Exciton Trapping and Electron Transfer in Photosystem II of Higher Plants." Functional Plant Biology 22, no. 2 (1995): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9950167.

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Measurements of time-resolved fluorescence decay, laser-flash-induced absorption changes in the UV and at 820 nm and of the relative fluorescence quantum yield in different preparations (thylakoids, photosystem II (PSII) membrane fragments and PSII core complexes) from spinach led to a number of conclusions. (1) Light is transformed into Gibbs energy with trapping times of 250 ps and 130 ps in open reaction centres of PSII membrane fragments and PSII core complexes, respectively. Assuming rapid Boltzmann distribution of excitation energy and taking into account the antenna properties (size and

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46

Borisova-Mubarakshina, Maria M., Boris N. Ivanov, Daria V. Vetoshkina, et al. "Long-term acclimatory response to excess excitation energy: evidence for a role of hydrogen peroxide in the regulation of photosystem II antenna size." Journal of Experimental Botany 66, no. 22 (2015): 7151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erv410.

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47

Lokstein, Heiko, Li Tian, Jürgen E. W. Polle, and Dean DellaPenna. "Xanthophyll biosynthetic mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana: altered nonphotochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence is due to changes in Photosystem II antenna size and stability." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 1553, no. 3 (2002): 309–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0005-2728(02)00184-6.

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48

Jennings, Robert C., Khalid Islam, and Giuseppe Zucchelli. "Spinach-thylakoid phosphorylation: Studies on the kinetics of changes in photosystem antenna size, spill-over and phosphorylation of light-harvesting chlorophyll ab protein." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 850, no. 3 (1986): 483–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(86)90117-9.

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Patzlaff, Jason S., and Bridgette A. Barry. "Pigment Quantitation and Analysis by HPLC Reverse Phase Chromatography: A Characterization of Antenna Size in Oxygen-Evolving Photosystem II Preparations from Cyanobacteria and Plants†." Biochemistry 35, no. 24 (1996): 7802–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi960056z.

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Hsu, Bandar, and Yaulee Lee. "The Photosystem II Heterogeneity of Chlorophyll b-Deficient Mutants of Rice: a Fluorescence Induction Study." Functional Plant Biology 22, no. 2 (1995): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9950195.

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Abstract:

It has been shown that the fluorescence induction curve of DCMU-poisoned spinach thylakoids can be resolved into three kinetically different phases, a rapid sigmoidal phase (�) followed by two slower exponential phases (β and γ), by using a mathematical analysis method previously described (Hsu, B. D., Lee, Y. S. and Jang, Y. R. (1989). Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 975, 44-49). There is evidence suggesting that the a-phase originates from the major 'normal' photosystem II (PSII) centres, while the β and γphases arise from the two minor groups of 'abnormal' PSII centres with low quantum effici

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