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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Photophysical Dynamics

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Academic literature on the topic 'Photophysical Dynamics'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Photophysical Dynamics"

1

Tam, Teck Lip Dexter, Ting Ting Lin, and Steven Lukman. "Understanding the Excited State Photophysics of Pyrrolopyrrole-Dione Isomers and Derivatives Using Time-Dependence Density Functional Theory." Journal of Molecular and Engineering Materials 05, no. 03 (2017): 1750009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2251237317500095.

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The ability to understand and predict excited state photophysics is vital for the development of photo- and electroluminescence materials, as well as light harvesting materials and photodynamic therapy. Herein, we demonstrate that single determinant time-dependent density functional theory can be computationally cost-effective and has the ability to explain both experimental singlet and triplet dynamics of pyrrolo[3,4-[Formula: see text]]pyrrole-1,4-dione and pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole-2,5-dione isomers with intriguing photophysical properties. We also used the methodology to predict the photophysical properties of pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,3-dione and a hypothetical hybrid pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole-2,4-dione isomers.

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Zanoni, Kassio P. S., Akitaka Ito, Malte Grüner, Neyde Y. Murakami Iha, and Andrea S. S. de Camargo. "Photophysical dynamics of the efficient emission and photosensitization of [Ir(pqi)2(NN)]+complexes." Dalton Transactions 47, no. 4 (2018): 1179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7dt03930a.

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Rational photophysical investigation through experimental and theoretical analyses reveals the photophysical dynamics of the highly-emissive [Ir(pqi)<sub>2</sub>(NN)]<sup>+</sup>complex series, with remarkable emission quantum yields and efficient generation of singlet oxygen.

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Sanders, Samuel N., Elango Kumarasamy, Kealan J. Fallon, Matthew Y. Sfeir, and Luis M. Campos. "Singlet fission in a hexacene dimer: energetics dictate dynamics." Chemical Science 11, no. 4 (2020): 1079–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9sc05066c.

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Singh, Ajay K., A. C. Bhasikuttan, Dipak K. Palit, and Jai P. Mittal. "Excited-State Dynamics and Photophysical Properties ofpara-Aminobenzophenone." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 104, no. 30 (2000): 7002–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp9936188.

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Koo, Sangho, Yeong Hun Kim, Oliver Flender, Mirko Scholz, Kawon Oum та Thomas Lenzer. "Photoinduced Dynamics of 13,13′-Diphenylpropyl-β-carotene". Molecules 28, № 8 (2023): 3505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28083505.

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Carotenoids are ubiquitous pigment systems in nature which are relevant to a range of processes, such as photosynthesis, but the detailed influence of substitutions at the polyene backbone on their photophysics is still underexplored. Here, we present a detailed experimental and theoretical investigation of the carotenoid 13,13′-diphenylpropyl-β-carotene using ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy and steady-state absorption experiments in n-hexane and n-hexadecane, complemented by DFT/TDDFT calculations. In spite of their bulkiness and their potential capability to “fold back” onto the polyene system, which could result in π-stacking effects, the phenylpropyl residues have only a minor impact on the photophysical properties compared with the parent compound β-carotene. Ultrafast spectroscopy finds lifetimes of 200–300 fs for the S2 state and 8.3–9.5 ps for the S1 state. Intramolecular vibrational redistribution with time constants in the range 0.6–1.4 ps is observed in terms of a spectral narrowing of the S1 spectrum over time. We also find clear indications of the presence of vibrationally hot molecules in the ground electronic state (S0*). The DFT/TDDFT calculations confirm that the propyl spacer electronically decouples the phenyl and polyene π-systems and that the substituents in the 13 and 13′ positions point away from the polyene system.

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Eng, Julien, Stuart Thompson, Heather Goodwin, Dan Credgington, and Thomas James Penfold. "Competition between the heavy atom effect and vibronic coupling in donor–bridge–acceptor organometallics." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 22, no. 8 (2020): 4659–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cp06999b.

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The excited state properties and intersystem crossing dynamics of a series of donor–bridge–acceptor carbene metal-amides based upon the coinage metals Cu, Ag, Au, are investigated using quantum dynamics simulations and supported by photophysical characterisation.

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Ghosh, Rajib, and Biswajit Manna. "Comparative photophysics and ultrafast dynamics of dimethylaminochalcone and a structurally rigid derivative: experimental identification of TICT coordinate." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19, no. 34 (2017): 23078–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cp03461j.

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Harada, Takaaki, Stephen F. Lincoln, and Tak W. Kee. "Excited-state dynamics of the medicinal pigment curcumin in a hydrogel." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 40 (2016): 28125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp05648b.

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Curcumin is a yellow polyphenol with multiple medicinal effects. We show that excited-state intramolecular hydrogen atom transfer and solvent reorganisation are major photophysical events for curcumin in the PAAC18 hydrogel.

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Böhnke, Hendrik, Katharina Röttger, Rebecca A. Ingle, et al. "Efficient intersystem crossing in 2-aminopurine riboside probed by femtosecond time-resolved transient vibrational absorption spectroscopy." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 20, no. 30 (2018): 20033–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cp02664e.

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Ortín-Fernández, Javier, Jesús González-Vázquez, Lara Martínez-Fernández, and Inés Corral. "Molecular Identification of the Transient Species Mediating the Deactivation Dynamics of Solvated Guanosine and Deazaguanosine." Molecules 27, no. 3 (2022): 989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27030989.

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Small structural alterations of the purine/pyrimidine core have been related to important photophysical changes, such as the loss of photostability. Similarly to canonical nucleobases, solute-solvent interactions can lead to a change in the excited state lifetimes and/or to the interplay of different states in the photophysics of these modified nucleobases. To shed light on both effects, we here report a complete picture of the absorption spectra and excited state deactivation of deoxyguanosine and its closely related derivative, deoxydeazaguanosine, in water and methanol through the mapping of the excited state potential energy surfaces and molecular dynamics simulations at the TD-DFT level of theory. We show that the N by CH exchange in the imidazole ring of deoxyguanosine translates into a small red-shift of the bright states and slightly faster dynamics. In contrast, changing solvent from water to methanol implies the opposite, i.e., that the deactivation of both systems to the ground state is significantly hindered.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Photophysical Dynamics"

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Murphy, Robert Scott. "Photophysical studies on the dynamics of guest complexation with cyclodextrins." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0017/NQ47292.pdf.

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Schäfer, Stephan. "Fluorescence imaging microscopy studies on single molecule diffusion and photophysical dynamics." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1175001255490-38090.

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Within the last years, e.g. by investigating the fluorescence of single molecules in biological cells, remarkable progress has been made in cell biology extending conventional ensemble techniques concerning temporal / spatial resolution and the detection of particle subpopulations [82]. In addition to employing single fluorophores as &quot;molecular beacons&quot; to determine the position of biomolecules, single molecule fluorescence studies allow to access the photophysical dynamics of genetically encoded fluorescent proteins itself. However, in order to gain statistically consistent results, e.g. on the mobility behavior or the photophysical properties, the fluorescence image sequences have to be analyzed in a preferentially automated and calibrated (non-biased) way. In this thesis, a single molecule fluorescence optical setup was developed and calibrated and experimental biological in-vitro systems were adapted to the needs of single molecule imaging. Based on the fluorescence image sequences obtained, an automated analysis algorithm was developed, characterized and its limits for reliable quantitative data analysis were determined. For lipid marker molecules diffusing in an artifcial lipid membrane, the optimum way of the single molecule trajectory analysis of the image sequences was explored. Furthermore, effects of all relevant artifacts (specifically low signal-to-noise ratio, finite acquisition time and high spot density, in combination with photobleaching) on the recovered diffusion coefficients were carefully studied. The performance of the method was demonstrated in two series of experiments. In one series, the diffusion of a fluorescent lipid probe in artificial lipid bilayer membranes of giant unilamellar vesicles was investigated. In another series of experiments, the photoconversion and photobleaching behavior of the fluorescent protein Kaede-GFP was characterized and protein subpopulations were identified.

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Schäfer, Stephan. "Fluorescence imaging microscopy studies on single molecule diffusion and photophysical dynamics." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2006. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A24827.

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Within the last years, e.g. by investigating the fluorescence of single molecules in biological cells, remarkable progress has been made in cell biology extending conventional ensemble techniques concerning temporal / spatial resolution and the detection of particle subpopulations [82]. In addition to employing single fluorophores as &quot;molecular beacons&quot; to determine the position of biomolecules, single molecule fluorescence studies allow to access the photophysical dynamics of genetically encoded fluorescent proteins itself. However, in order to gain statistically consistent results, e.g. on the mobility behavior or the photophysical properties, the fluorescence image sequences have to be analyzed in a preferentially automated and calibrated (non-biased) way. In this thesis, a single molecule fluorescence optical setup was developed and calibrated and experimental biological in-vitro systems were adapted to the needs of single molecule imaging. Based on the fluorescence image sequences obtained, an automated analysis algorithm was developed, characterized and its limits for reliable quantitative data analysis were determined. For lipid marker molecules diffusing in an artifcial lipid membrane, the optimum way of the single molecule trajectory analysis of the image sequences was explored. Furthermore, effects of all relevant artifacts (specifically low signal-to-noise ratio, finite acquisition time and high spot density, in combination with photobleaching) on the recovered diffusion coefficients were carefully studied. The performance of the method was demonstrated in two series of experiments. In one series, the diffusion of a fluorescent lipid probe in artificial lipid bilayer membranes of giant unilamellar vesicles was investigated. In another series of experiments, the photoconversion and photobleaching behavior of the fluorescent protein Kaede-GFP was characterized and protein subpopulations were identified.

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4

Budkina, Darya S. "Ultrafast photophysical and photochemical dynamics of polyhalogenated alkanes, cycloalkanes, and transition metal complexes." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1553686775405944.

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Venugopal, Karunakaran. "Femtosecond solvation, excited state dynamics, and photophysical properties of chromophores used in polynucleic acids." Doctoral thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=983550263.

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Etzold, Fabian [Verfasser]. "A photophysical study of excited state dynamics in donor-acceptor copolymer photovoltaic blends / Fabian Etzold." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1077893345/34.

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Glik, Elena A. "Spectroscopic Investigation of the Excited State Properties of Platinum(Ii) Charge Transfer Chromophores." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1256141493.

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Stachelek, Patrycja. "Photophysics of multicomponent molecules under dynamic control." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3525.

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This work focusses on seeking to gain a deep understanding of the photophysical processes inherent to multi-functional and/or multi-component supermolecules in the condensed phase. To do this, a variety of molecular systems have been subjected to spectroscopic examination, most commonly using steady-state and time-resolved emission spectroscopy to interrogate the samples. A common feature of all the molecular architectures examined herein relates to the possibility for structural motion on timescales of concern to the photophysical event. Furthermore, to provide a spectroscopic signature, most of the target dynamic systems comprise a donor covalently attached to a complementary acceptor. These systems possess the potential to be used as solar-energy concentrators or for specific sensing applications. However, attention is given only to the fundamental properties. Chapter 1 provides a general introduction to the field of molecular rotors and to the concepts of energy and electron transfer in molecular systems. Key literature examples are used to illustrate the current state-of-the-art and to set the tone for later discussions. Each chapter includes a brief introduction to the specific topic under discussion while avoiding the generic details covered in the main introduction. The essential experimental details and underlying analytical protocols for all the studies described are provided in the final chapter. Chapter 2 describes a new series of molecular rotors based on the boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) structure. This series includes structurally-similar compounds that exhibit surprisingly disparate behaviours as putative probes for solvent viscosity. In fact, the results tend to challenge the conventional understanding of BODIPY-based molecular probes. In this chapter, we highlight the importance of asymmetry, question how it might be used to one’s advantage in the design of next generation probes, and raise ideas about porosity of the excited-state potential energy surface.

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Dimitrov, Stoichko Dimitrov. "Ultrafast Excited State Dynamics in DNA and other Nanomaterials." Thesis, Boston College, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2010.

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Thesis advisor: Torsten Fiebig<br>Thesis advisor: Mary Roberts<br>Understanding the electronic nature of DNA is profound and has been attempted for decades. Photoexcitation of DNA with UV light deposits electronic energy in the base stack and prepares highly reactive excited states. These states are precursors for photoinduced damage reactions which can lead to mutations and ultimately to cell death. While many DNA photo products have been isolated and characterized, the primary events immediately after photon absorption are not yet understood. Recent studies with ultrafast lasers have revealed that the majority of excess energy gained by DNA with light absorbance is dissipated on the femtosecond and picosecond time scales. In this study double-stranded oligonucleotides with different base sequences, content and lengths were systematically examined using femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy. The results indicate that excitations in DNA are delocalized over more than two bases and the extent of the delocalization depends strongly on the structure of the investigated systems. Exciton delocalization domains in the longer duplexes are larger than in the shorter ones. Also, single-stranded oligonucleotides show smaller extent of exciton delocalization than duplexes with the same length. In addition to the fundamental studies on DNA photophysics, the properties and the structure of new molecular beacons based on thiazole orange dimers were studied. A full account of the optical and structural properties of the dimers in different base environments and orientations is presented here. Currently, the development of efficient ways to utilizing solar energy is at the forefront of the scientific community due to the ever rising demand for energy. Both, colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals and single-walled carbon nanotubes are potential alternatives to conventional inorganic and organic materials in photovoltaic devices Thorough understanding of the charge transfer and related photophysical phenomena in these systems will answer the question whether these nanomaterials can be applied in future generations of solar cells. The photoinduced electron transfer in donor-acceptor CdSe/CdTe heterostructured nanorods, in which CdTe is grown on top of CdSe in a single rod structure, was studied. The electron transfer between the two nanocrystals occurs on the subpicosecond time scale, competing with the ultrafast relaxation mechanisms in the quantum confined nanocrystals. Furthermore, investigations on how quantum confinement influences the phonon wavepackets in semiconductor nanocrystals were carried out. Quantum beats corresponding to longitudinal optical phonon modes were observed in the femtosecond pump-probe spectra of colloidal CdTe nanocrystals. Size-dependent experiments revealed that the optical phonon frequencies and the exciton-phonon coupling strength do not depend on the crystal's size. Only the wavepacket dephasing time was influenced by the diameter of the particles which was correlated with the hole relaxation to the exciton band edge. Electron donor-acceptor constructs, based on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT), can be attained by noncovalent functionalization of the nanotubes with pyrene derivatives. However, charge transfer does not take place in the simplest pyrene-SWNT constructs. For the first time the pure SWNT-pyrene construct was isolated and investigated. Our results revealed that the optical properties of pyrene are drastically altered due to strong electronic interactions with the SWNT surface. In other words, aromatic molecules lose their electronic (and chemical) signature when non-covalently attached to carbon nanotubes<br>Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2010<br>Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences<br>Discipline: Chemistry

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Yu, Jierui. "PHOTOPHYSICS OF CHROMOPHORE ASSEMBLIES IN POROUS FRAMEWORKS." OpenSIUC, 2021. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1926.

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Chromophore is a molecule or a part of a molecule which is responsible for its appearance color. This definition has been evolving over time with the progress of science. Contemporary scientific advances have expanded its meaning: to an inclusive level, chromophore is an irreducible collective of fundamental particles, which can represent the photophysical (optical physical) properties of the macroscopic matter. Previous studies have already found that the same molecule can have different photophysical properties under different condensed states. Therefore, it is straight forward to conclude that the definition of chromophore should take such extrinsic influencing interactions of this given molecule into consideration, thus simply taking the smallest unit such as a molecule is not accurate. A good example is quantum dots. Same species of quantum dots possess the identical smallest chemical unit but can emit very differently due to quantum confinement effect, thus defining the smallest unit as the chromophore is apparently fallacious. In solid polymeric compositions, the chemical unit or building blocks may differ from the spectroscopic unit depending on how these chemical units interacts within their ensemble to evolve new properties such as a new transition dipole. As thus, understanding the evolution of photophysical behaviors between the targeted unit and neighbors is of much importance to determine whether they should be considered as one chromophore or many. This requires a thorough understanding towards the evolution of photophysical properties of a collective, and the construction of such collective will need to pay extra attention to, as any structural factor could have changed some photophysical interactions of the collective. The introductory chapter discusses the material platform and fundamental photophysics investigated in this dissertation. Chromophore assembly (CA) as a sylloge of several classes of self-assembled materials, including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent-organic frameworks (COFs), porous organic polymers (POPs). Among them, MOF-based CAs (MOF-CAs) featuring with the ease of synthesis, demonstrate incomparable promises to construct such collective with several appealing characteristics, including component diversity, chemical stability, structural porosity, and post-synthetic versatility (Chapter 1.1). As for here, the main target to achieve using these assemblies is to understand the interaction between adjacent chemical monomeric units, therefore their spatial arrangements are of the paramount importance. As modern theory discovered, both ordered and random systems can be very important for novel quantum material developments. Both crystalline and amorphous arrangements of monomeric units can be achieved by adopting different classes of materials. MOF-CAs could achieve the precise control of spatial arrangement including distance, direction, and dihedral angle by its crystalline structures, whereas porous organic polymer-based CAs (POP-CAs) could feature a total randomness. Photophysics, as the research topic targeting the firsthand knowledge gained by interrogating the information provided by the propagating light after its interaction with matters, could provide crucial knowledge of the targeted matter. Hence, photophysical properties could provide fundamental understanding of the targeted matter (Chapter 1.2). State-of-the-art spectroscopic methods and instrumentation have made it possible to critically examine new structures to correlate photophysics with the chemical structure of their assemblies. By combining multiple spectroscopic techniques along with theoretical study, several correlations between the electronic properties of the matter, such as structural features, have been investigated. To illustrate, some unique topology-dependent photophysical behaviors found in chromophore assemblies are introduced (Chapter 1.3). In this dissertation, the feasibility of using specific types of MOF-CAs to conduct unique photophysical studies has been carefully chosen and verified (Chapter 2). Next, with the help of first principles computations, the nature of several electronic excited states as a function of different extent of Van der Waals or electronic interaction in MOF-CAs is unveiled, and experimentally studied with several environmental variates (Chapter 3). The knowledge was then articulated to devise a strategy to improve resonance energy transfer process in MOF-CAs. Here, low electronic symmetry of linker and directionally aligned transition dipoles of their collective ensembled are found beneficial to improve such photophysical process in a bottom-up manner (Chapter 4). Then, a series of MOFs were rationally designed to examine the feasibility and extent of a nonlinear excitonic process, singlet fission, to promote the generation of carriers usable for many applications including light-harvesting applications. The outcome demonstrated MOF-CA is a powerful tool to design such materials and is more capable in terms of its tunability (Chapter 5). At last, a set of randomly oriented CAs in POP were examined for underlying excited state dynamic process that highlights a thermal activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) involving S1 and low-lying T2 excited states (Chapter 6). This dissertation has highlighted unique yet tunable excited-state features and photophysical processes within the well-defined molecular ensemble realized via porous frameworks. These photophysical properties differ from those of their respective molecular system in their solubilized forms. Studies in this dissertation demonstrates a reliable platform to investigate multibody chromophore systems and suggested several valuable discoveries and lights the way for the study of novel chromophore assembly systems.

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Books on the topic "Photophysical Dynamics"

1

A, Winnik Mitchell, and North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Scientific Affairs Division., eds. Photophysical and photochemical tools in polymer science: Conformation, dynamics, morphology. D. Reidel Pub. Co., 1986.

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Winnik, Mitchell A. Photophysical and Photochemical Tools in Polymer Science: Conformation, Dynamics, Morphology. Springer, 2012.

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Winnik, Mitchell A. Photophysical and Photochemical Tools in Polymer Science: Conformation, Dynamics, Morphology. Springer, 2011.

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4

Alfano, Joseph Charles. The electronic spectroscopy, photophysics and dissociation dynamics of small Van der Waals clusters in a molecular beam. 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Photophysical Dynamics"

1

Blatt, Edward, and Thomas M. Jovin. "Rotational Dynamics of Biological Macromolecules." In Photophysical and Photochemical Tools in Polymer Science. Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4726-9_15.

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Murphy, Catherine J. "Photophysical Probes of DNA Sequence-Directed Structure and Dynamics." In Advances in Photochemistry. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470133576.ch4.

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Vandendriessche, J., R. Goedeweeck, P. Collart, and F. C. Schryver. "Fluorescence Probing of the Local Dynamics of Polymers: A Model Approach." In Photophysical and Photochemical Tools in Polymer Science. Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4726-9_10.

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Haas, Elisha. "Folding and Dynamics of Proteins Studied by Non-Radiative Energy Transfer Measurements." In Photophysical and Photochemical Tools in Polymer Science. Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4726-9_14.

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Masuhara, Hiroshi. "Electron Transfer Dynamics in the Excited Polymer and Related Systems in Solution." In Photophysical and Photochemical Tools in Polymer Science. Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4726-9_4.

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Monnerie, Lucien, and Jean-Louis Viovy. "Local Molecular Dynamics Studies of Polymer Chains — In Solution and in Bulk — Using the Fluorescence Anisotropy Decay Technique." In Photophysical and Photochemical Tools in Polymer Science. Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4726-9_9.

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Kidwell, Nathanael M. "Photochemical and Photophysical Outcomes of Brown Carbon Chromophores: Insights from Laser Spectroscopy and Dynamics of Isolated Molecules and Complexes." In ACS Symposium Series. American Chemical Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2022-1429.ch002.

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Dedonder, Claude, Géraldine Féraud, and Christophe Jouvet. "Excited-State Dynamics of Protonated Aromatic Amino Acids." In Photophysics of Ionic Biochromophores. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40190-9_9.

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Dehmer, J. L., Dan Dill, and A. C. Parr. "Photoionization Dynamics of Small Molecules." In Photophysics and Photochemistry in the Vacuum Ultraviolet. Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5269-0_11.

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Bochenkova, Anastasia V., and Lars H. Andersen. "Photo-initiated Dynamics and Spectroscopy of the Deprotonated Green Fluorescent Protein Chromophore." In Photophysics of Ionic Biochromophores. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40190-9_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Photophysical Dynamics"

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Attenberger, T., and U. Bogner. "Crystalline Model Systems Probing Dynamics and Electric-Field Effects." In Persistent Spectral Hole Burning: Science and Applications. Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pshb.1991.fe9.

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Recently in studies of fluorescence excitation and persistent spectral hole burning (PSHB) of single molecules in crystalline environment spectral jumps have been observed at 1.5 K providing new insights into the low temperature dynamics of the condensed phase [1]. The connection between PSHB and the phonon-induced dynamics in asymmetric double-well-potentials (DWP) has been used in a photophysical model of PSHB explaining also phonon detection by refilling of a spectral hole observed after irradiation with nanosecond heat pulses [2]. These DWP have been originally introduced in order to explain anomalous acoustic and thermal properties of amorphous materials by the socalled two-level systems, the existence of which is due to tunneling in DWP with appropriate parameters. The photophysical model is based on spectral shifts (matrix-shift-variations) caused by phonon-induced crossing of the barriers which can occur in all DWP if the phonon frequency is high enough.

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Dimitrov, Stoichko D. "Dynamics of charge separation in polymer:fullerene blends, correlating structural and photophysical length scales." In Physical Chemistry of Semiconductor Materials and Interfaces IX, edited by Daniel Congreve, Christian Nielsen, and Andrew J. Musser. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2569321.

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Chang, Yong Joon, and John D. Simon. "Solvent Effects on the Ultrafast Dynamics of Chlorine Dioxide Photochemistry." In International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena. Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/up.1996.fe.36.

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The photochemical events following the photodissociation reaction of chlorine dioxide (OC1O) are strongly medium-dependent.1 The photoreactivity of OC1O is complicated by the existence of competing reaction pathways (i.e., photoproducts C1O + O vs. C1 + O2), the partitioning of which is significantly altered by the medium. We have investigated the ultrafast dynamics of OC1O photochemistry in the liquid phase to further our understanding of the effects of solute-solvent dynamical coupling on the reaction coordinate.2,3 The ultrafast dynamics of the photophysical and photochemical processes following the photodissociation of OC1O at 395 nm have been measured using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. The transient absorption dynamics were probed using a wide range of spectral coverage, from 267 nm to 700 nm. Figure 1 shows a select set of the data obtained for OC1O in aqueous solution.

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Cong, Peijun, Yi Jing Yan, Hans Deuel, and John D. Simon. "Optical Dephasing Dynamics in Room-temperature Liquids." In International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena. Optica Publishing Group, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/up.1994.tud.18.

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The dynamic aspects of electronic relaxation of molecules in solution are central to the understanding of a wide range of condensed phase photophysical and photochemical processes. While the population relaxation rate of electronically excited species can be measured by a number of spectroscopic methods, the evolution of the phase coherence in liquids has been difficult to characterize due to its ultrafast nature. With advances in the technology of generating ultrashort laser pulses, the relaxation of electronic coherence can finally be studied in real time. In the past decade, femtosecond photon echo measurements have provided information on the electronic dephasing dynamics of molecules in room-temperature solution [1-3]. A prerequisite for using this method to address such dynamics is that the laser pulses must be much shorter than the time scale of the dephasing process. It has been demonstrated by Shank and co-workers [2] and Wiersma and co-workers [3] that ~ 10 fs pulses are needed to resolve the electronic dephasing dynamics of dye molecules in room-temperature solution. In this paper, a new approach to study the ultrafast dephasing dynamics in liquids is presented: degenerate femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy that utilizes variable laser pulse-widths and tunable wavelengths [4]. In particular, the dephasing dynamics of an infrared dye, HITCI (absorption and emission spectra are shown in Figure 1), is examined in detail. A comprehensive theoretical treatment based on a multimode Brownian oscillator model of solvation [5] is developed and quantitative agreement between theory and experiment is obtained.

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5

Ohta, Kaoru, Yukito Naitoh, Keisuke Tominaga, Noboru Hirota, and Keitaro Yoshihara. "The photochemical dynamics of trans-1,3,5-hexatriene in solution investigated by the ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy." In International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena. Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/up.1996.fe.19.

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The photophysical and photochemical dynamics of small linear polyenes is a subject of current interest since these molecules play important roles in the biological systems. However, the excited state dynamics of small polyenes have not been well understood because these molecules exhibit no fluorescence and give only broad absorption spectra even in the low temperature matrices and supersonic expansions. It has been considered that after the photoexcitation, the lifetimes of the initial excited states of small linear polyenes are extremely short and the immediate transfer to the other dark electronic state occurs. Thus, direct ultrafast time-resolved studies are needed in order to understand the fate of the photoexcited state of small linear polyenes in the condensed phase. In this study, we carried out the ultrafast transient absorption measurement of trans-1,3,5-hexatriene in cyclohexane and acetonitrile, respectively.

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6

Schwartz, Benjamin J., Fumitomo Hide, Mats R. Andersson, and Alan J. Heeger. "Ultrafast Photophysics of Conjugated Polymers, Blends, and Devices." In International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena. Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/up.1996.fe.30.

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The photophysics of conducting polymers are of interest both for the fundamental information they provide about the nature of excitations in low-dimensional systems, and for the enormous practical potential they offer in the production of low cost, readily processible electroluminescent devices.[1-5] The technological goals in constructing organic LED's include improvement of the quantum efficiency of the luminescence and control over the emission frequency. By constructing new polymers with different side groups and doping polymer films with other luminescent molecules, both of these goals can be met. In this paper, we present ultrafast photophysical studies of a novel conjugated polymer with a high luminescence efficiency. Comparison of the transient absorption and emission dynamics of the new polymer, an alkyl-substituted poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (a-PPV), to unsubstituted or alkoxy-substituted PPV's [1-4] demonstrates that non-radiative pathways which compete with luminescent channels are significantly curtailed in the new material. Additional femtosecond studies on a-PPV/dye molecule blends show that rapid energy transfer takes place, opening the possibility for tuning the emission by the choice of dye molecule. Light emitting diodes constructed from the new polymer and the polymer/dye blends demonstrate improvement of the electroluminescence efficiency upon doping, verifying that energy transfer competes effectively with non-radiative channels under in-situ conditions.

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7

Santoro, Fabrizio, T. Gustavsson, Sandro Lami, et al. "Towards the Understanding of the Excited State Dynamics of Nucleic Acids: Solvent and Stacking Effect on the Photophysical Behavior of Nucleobases." In COMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING: Theory and Computation: Old Problems and New Challenges. Lectures Presented at the International Conference on Computational Methods in Science and Engineering 2007 (ICCMSE 2007): VOLUME 1. AIP, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2836162.

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8

Seel, Matthias, and Wolfgang Domcke. "Femtosecond time-resolved ionization spectroscopy of polyatomic molecules." In International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena. Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/up.1992.tuc21.

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It is generally appreciated that femtosecond pump-probe techniques have the potential to provide novel and important information on elementary photophysical and photochemical processes. It has been demonstrated by several applications that time-resolved two-pulse ionization, that is, optical excitation and subsequent ionization of a molecular system with two short laser pulses, is a promising tool to observe excited state dynamics in real time.1 In comparison to alternative real-time probing techniques such as stimulated emission or excited-state absorption with fluorescence detection, two-pulse ionization spectroscopy possesses the advantage of extreme sensitivity of signal detection. The possibility of recording, for each pulse configuration, a complete photoelectron spectrum suggests that time-resolved ionization spectroscopy may be able to yield unprecedentedly detailed information on ultrafast intramolecular processes.

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9

Brus, Louis. "Optical properties of quantum semiconductor crystallites." In OSA Annual Meeting. Optica Publishing Group, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1989.mee2.

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Quantum semiconductor crystallites (typically 20-60 A in diameter) show a 3-D quantum size effect. In zero order they exhibit discrete excited electronic states, even though their crystal structure is the same as that of bulk materials. In this paper I consider electronic structure, coupling of excited states to crystallite vibrations, and the picosecond time scale relaxation dynamics. The crystallites are made by chemical synthetic techniques that chemically terminate the surface with organic molecules. Such surface passivation prevents crystallite fusion into bulk material. Photophysical hole burning and resonance Raman experiments on 40-Å diam CdSe crystallites show that the coupling of the 1s—1s lowest excited state to LO phonons, via the Frohlich interaction, is far weaker than in bulk material. However, coupling to low frequency modes is stronger than in bulk material and is surface sensitive. The very large oscillator strengths present cause nonlinear optical phenomena—population saturation, AC stark effects, and χ3 coherent coupling of pump and probe beams—to be prominent in the picosecond transient optical spectra.

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10

Sasaki, Keiji, Masanori Koshioka, and Hiroshi Masuhara. "Confocal transient absorption microscope." In OSA Annual Meeting. Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1991.thmm53.

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Confocal laser scanning microscopes have been widely used in the 3-D measurement of surfaces and internal structures of samples. The absorption (transmission)-mode confocal microscope, however, has difficulty in the tomographic observation, because its 3-D optical transfer function is angularly band-limited, called the missing cone problem. In this paper, we propose a confocal transient absorption microscope that makes it possible to measure 3-D absorption distributions. This microscope is composed of the excitation and absorption distributions. The microscope is composed of the excitation and absorption monitoring optics, and these construct the confocal optical system. A sample is excited by the focused laser beam, and new absorption caused by excited-states and/or negative absorption due to depletion of a groundstate are observed by the confocal monitoring laser. We derived a 3-D OTF of the present microscope, based on the first Born approximation, and showed that the spatial frequency cutoff has no missing cone and that this characteristic is independent of the detector size. In addition, this microscope can be extended to the time-resolved measurement which is applicable to the dynamics analyses of photophysical and photochemical materials in small volumes.

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Reports on the topic "Photophysical Dynamics"

1

Moerner, W. E. Photochemical and Photophysical Dynamics of Persistent Spectral Hole-Burning, Photorefractivity and Single Molecular Absorbers in Condensed Matter. Defense Technical Information Center, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada255333.

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2

Kelley, David F. Photophysics and Charge Separation Dynamics in Two-Dimensional Semiconductor Nanoparticle Junctions and Heterojunctions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1124603.

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3

Nelson, Tammie Renee, and Sergei Tretiak. Non-adiabatic Excited State Molecule Dynamics Modeling of Photochemistry and Photophysics of Materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1338786.

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4

Palmer, R. A. [An experiment in time-resolved step-scan FT-IR for use in dynamic photophysical studies of cytochrome-C oxidase and other heme proteins]. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10183410.

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