Relevant bibliographies by topics / Photon management

Academic literature on the topic 'Photon management'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Photon management"

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Yu, E. T., and J. van de Lagemaat. "Photon management for photovoltaics." MRS Bulletin 36, no. 6 (June 2011): 424–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2011.109.

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Meijerink, Andries, René Wegh, Peter Vergeer, and Thijs Vlugt. "Photon management with lanthanides." Optical Materials 28, no. 6-7 (May 2006): 575–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2005.09.055.

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Gopal. K, Saraswathi, Arathy S. Lankupalli, and Priyadharshini S. "Laser a Novel Method in the Management of Oral Soft Tissue Lesions." International Journal of Research and Review 9, no. 3 (March 16, 2022): 323–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220336.

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Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation stands for LASER. The field of dentistry is revolutionised by the recent advances in laser technology. The excited atom stimulates emission of photons, which triggers the release of a subsequent photon is responsible for the generation of collimated, coherent, monochromatic beam of light or LASER. It is considered as light scalpel. Development in laser is tremendous with more specific for hard tissue and soft tissue treatments such as biopsy, photo biomodulation and photodynamic therapy by jus altering their wavelength. Treatment procedure of oral soft tissue lesion using laser with minimal pain and blood less field and ease of post operative healing is fortunate in the field of oral medicine and radiology to make these as chair side procedures. Keywords: Laser, oral mucosal lesions, Low level laser therapy, Photobiomodulation, Photodynamic therapy.
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Wang, Hsin-Ping, Der-Hsien Lien, Meng-Lin Tsai, Chin-An Lin, Hung-Chih Chang, Kun-Yu Lai, and Jr-Hau He. "Photon management in nanostructured solar cells." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 2, no. 17 (2014): 3144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3tc32067g.

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Kirchartz, Thomas. "Photon Management in Perovskite Solar Cells." Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 10, no. 19 (September 19, 2019): 5892–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02053.

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Tovar, John D. "Photon management in supramolecular peptide nanomaterials." Bioinspiration & Biomimetics 13, no. 1 (December 22, 2017): 015004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-3190/aa9685.

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Pennec, Yan, Vincent Laude, Nikos Papanikolaou, Bahram Djafari-Rouhani, Mourad Oudich, Said El Jallal, Jean Charles Beugnot, Jose M. Escalante, and Alejandro Martínez. "Modeling light-sound interaction in nanoscale cavities and waveguides." Nanophotonics 3, no. 6 (December 1, 2014): 413–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2014-0004.

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AbstractThe interaction of light and sound waves at the micro and nanoscale has attracted considerable interest in recent years. The main reason is that this interaction is responsible for a wide variety of intriguing physical phenomena, ranging from the laser-induced cooling of a micromechanical resonator down to its ground state to the management of the speed of guided light pulses by exciting sound waves. A common feature of all these phenomena is the feasibility to tightly confine photons and phonons of similar wavelengths in a very small volume. Amongst the different structures that enable such confinement, optomechanical or phoxonic crystals, which are periodic structures displaying forbidden frequency band gaps for light and sound waves, have revealed themselves as the most appropriate candidates to host nanoscale structures where the light-sound interaction can be boosted. In this review, we describe the theoretical tools that allow the modeling of the interaction between photons and acoustic phonons in nanoscale structures, namely cavities and waveguides, with special emphasis in phoxonic crystal structures. First, we start by summarizing the different optomechanical or phoxonic crystal structures proposed so far and discuss their main advantages and limitations. Then, we describe the different mechanisms that make light interact with sound, and show how to treat them from a theoretical point of view. We then illustrate the different photon-phonon interaction processes with numerical simulations in realistic phoxonic cavities and waveguides. Finally, we introduce some possible applications which can take enormous benefit from the enhanced interaction between light and sound at the nanoscale.
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Narasimhan, Vijay Kris, and Yi Cui. "Nanostructures for photon management in solar cells." Nanophotonics 2, no. 3 (July 1, 2013): 187–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2013-0001.

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AbstractThe concurrent development of high-performance materials, new device and system architectures, and nanofabrication processes has driven widespread research and development in the field of nanostructures for photon management in photovoltaics. The fundamental goals of photon management are to reduce incident light reflection, improve absorption, and tailor the optical properties of a device for use in different types of energy conversion systems. Nanostructures rely on a core set of phenomena to attain these goals, including gradation of the refractive index, coupling to waveguide modes through surface structuring, and modification of the photonic band structure of a device. In this review, we present recent developments in the field of nanostructures for photon management in solar cells with applications across different materials and system architectures. We focus both on theoretical and numerical studies and on progress in fabricating solar cells containing photonic nanostructures. We show that nanoscale light management structures have yielded real efficiency gains in many types of photovoltaic devices; however, we note that important work remains to ensure that improved optical performance does not come at the expense of poor electrical properties.
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Lai, Kun-Yu, Hung-Chih Chang, Yu-An Dai, and Jr-Hau He. "Photon management with core-shell nanowire structures." Optics Express 20, S2 (February 7, 2012): A255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.20.00a255.

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Matthews, B. "Data management for photon and neutron sources." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography 67, a1 (August 22, 2011): C194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108767311095171.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Photon management"

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ANGELINI, ANGELO. "Photon Management on a Photonic Crystal Platform." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2611159.

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A multilayered dielectric structure, namely a one dimensional photonic crystal (1DPC), is proposed as a suitable platform for photon management, due to the low absorption of the dielectric materials. When properly designed, a 1DPC can sustain surface electromagnetic modes called Bloch Surface Waves (BSWs). In this PhD Thesis it is shown how light coupled to BSW can be focused or guided by means of ultrathin polymeric refractive structures directly patterned on the surface. Moreover, by patterning the surface with surface relief gratings, far-field radiation can be efficiently coupled to the surface modes, thus providing an enhanced electromagnetic field at the truncation interface of the 1DPC. By shaping the grating in a circular symmetry, light can be in-plane focused into a sub-wavelength spot. The same structure can be used to re-shape the radiation pattern of dipolar emitters. It is shown that an emitter lying on the surface of the 1DPC couples to the photonic structure and the fluorescence radiated couple with the surface modes. The so called BSW-coupled fluorescence propagates along the surface with low losses and a well-defined wavevector. By means of surface diffraction gratings properly designed, fluorescence can be extracted along any direction, thus improving the fluorescence collection with no need of high numerical aperture optics or critical alignements. A novel method for evaluating the enhancement gained with such photonic structures on the extraction efficiency is proposed. Such method is capable of providing at the same time spatial resolution, angular resolution and spectral resolution. A biosensing experiment to detect small amounts of labeled proteins is provided, in order to show the sensing capabilities of the photonic structure.
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Hassan, Safaa. "Optical Property Study of 2D Graded Photonic Super-Crystals for Photon Management." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1703318/.

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In this dissertation, we study the optical property of 2D graded photonic super-crystals (GPSCs) for photon management. We focused primarily on manipulation and control of light by using the newly discovered GPSCs which present great opportunity for electromagnetic wave control in photonic devices. The GPSC has been used to explore the superior capability of improving the light extraction efficiency of OLEDs. The enhancement of extraction efficiency has been explained in term of destructive interference of surface plasmon resonance and out-coupling of surface plasmon through phase matching provided by GPSC and verified by e-field intensity distributions. A large light extraction efficiency up to 75% into glass substrate has been predicted through simulation. We also study the light trapping enhancement in GPSCs. Broadband, wide incident angle, and polarization independent light trapping enhancement is achieved in silicon solar cells patterned with the GPSCs. In addition, novel 2D GPSCs were fabricated using holographic lithography through the interference lithography by two sets of multiple beams arranged in a cone geometry using a spatial light modulator (SLM). Finally, we also report a fabrication of GPSCs with a super-cell size of 12a×12a by using e-beam lithography. Diffraction pattern from GPSCs reveals unique diffraction properties. In an application aspect, light emitting diode arrays can be replaced by a single light emitting diode shinning onto the diffraction pattern for a uniform fluorescence.
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Hu, Lu. "Photon management in thermal and solar photovoltaics." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46496.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 150-161).
Photovoltaics is a technology that directly converts photon energy into electrical energy. Depending on the photon source, photovoltaic systems can be categorized into two groups: solar photovoltaics (PV) and thermophotovoltaics (TPV). In solar photovoltaic systems, the photon source is the sun, whereas in thermophotovoltaic systems the photons are from artificially designed thermal emitters that operate at a lower temperature. The differences in the photon sources lead to different research emphases on the two photovoltaic systems in this work. This thesis investigates ways to control photon emission and absorption for solar energy and TPV applications. Several topics are discussed, including photon transport in multilayer structures, measurement of near-field thermal radiation, optical absorption in silicon nanowire structures, surface-plasmon enhanced near-bandgap optical absorption in silicon, and selective absorber surface for solar thermal applications. For thermophotovoltaic systems, the work is focused on thermal emission and photon transport. The study of photon transport in multilayer structures is presented. Results based on wave-optics and ray tracing methods are compared. The analysis shows that for structures contain a large number of layers, the coherence length of the emitting source is no longer a valid criterion to indicate whether ray tracing method is valid. Instead, wave inference effects always play a role. The effects of photon localization are also discussed. Surface-mode enhanced near-field thermal radiation is explored in this work as an effective way to tailor the thermal emission for TPV systems. Calculations based on fluctuation-dissipation theorem and Maxwell's equations are presented to study radiative heat transfer between two closely-spaced glass plates. The theoretical analysis shows that the radiative heat transfer between closely-spaced glass plates is enhanced by surface phonon polaritions and the flux can exceed the far-field upper-limit imposed by Planck's law of blackbody radiation.
(cont.) An experimental system was built to test near-field radiative heat transfer between two parallel glass plates, and the experimental results show good agreement with the theoretical predictions. For solar photovoltaics, the emphasis in this work is on improving optical absorption in silicon-based cells. Two nanostructures, silicon nanowire arrays and silicon embedded with small silver particles, have been analyzed as potential candidates for solar energy harvesting. The study on silicon nanowire structures reveals that nanowires have desirable antireflection characteristics. Several parameters, such as the length and diameter of the nanowires as well as the spacing between the wires, have been studied to provide the basis for the optimization of nanowire based solar cells. The study shows that nanowire structures have low reflectance over a broad spectrum and can absorb shortwavelength photons efficiently. However, the analysis also indicates that silicon nanowire is not efficient in absorbing long-wavelength photons. Longer wires in comparison to the thickness of dense films are generally required to compensate low absorption of the near-bandgap photons. The analysis of surface-plasmon assisted photon absorption is presented to address the problem of inadequate absorption of near-bandgap photons in silicon. Instead of increasing the optical path of photons for more absorption, surface plasmons are explored to enhance the local electromagnetic field and thus the optical absorption. An extended Mie scattering formulation is used to calculate the optical absorption around spherical silver particles embedded in silicon. It is found that local field enhancement by surface plasmon can lead to 50 times more absorption near the bandgap of silicon. An analytical model is developed to study the concentration effects of the surface plasmon field. It is shown that the net absorption gain reaches maximum when the spherical shell surrounding the particle has an outer diameter of 1.26 times of the particle diameter. The absorption loss in the metallic sphere, however, is a main obstacle to overcome.
(cont.) Finally, a different approach of solar energy utilization is discussed in this work. Selective absorber surfaces are studied for solar thermal energy harvesting. The surfaces consist of subwavelength periodic metallic structures. Finite-Difference-Time-Domain (FDTD) analysis is conducted on the metallic structures. The effects of lattice spacing and structure thickness are presented. The numerical simulation indicates that the metallic structures have good spectral selectivity: high absorptance in visible range and low emittance in infrared. Fabrication of the selective absorber surface is attempted. Preliminary experimental results are given in this work. As a proof of concept, nickel is plated in porous anodic aluminum. The resultant structure shows good spectral selectivity which is not found in bulk nickel or aluminum.
by Lu Hu.
Ph.D.
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ELSEHRAWY, FARID KHALED MOHAMED FARID. "Photon Management for Thin-Film Quantum Dot Solar Cells." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2843974.

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Fahr, Stephan [Verfasser], Falk Akademischer Betreuer] Lederer, Bernd [Akademischer Betreuer] [Rech, and Dietmar [Akademischer Betreuer] Knipp. "Photon-Management in Dünnschicht-Solarzellen / Stephan Fahr. Gutachter: Falk Lederer ; Bernd Rech ; Dietmar Knipp." Jena : Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Jena, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1019969660/34.

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ZAFFALON, MATTEO LUCA. "Advanced Spectroscopic Investigations of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanostructures for Photon Management and Radiation Detection Schemes." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/366215.

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Le mie attività di ricerca hanno indagato i meccanismi di ricombinazione eccitonici in nanocristalli semiconduttori colloidali (NC), promuovendo lo sviluppo di nuovi paradigmi per la manipolazione delle proprietà ottiche e di scintillazione. Grazie all'ampia gamma di tecniche spettroscopiche e alle preziose collaborazioni intraprese, le mie conclusioni sono state pubblicate in prestigiose riviste scientifiche, contribuendo al progresso della comunità di scienziati dei nanomateriali. La mia ricerca ha trattato principalmente due temi di attuale rilevanza tecnologica: i) l'origine della fotoluminescenza in NC di calcogenuri ternari I-III-VI2 Cd-free come CuInS2 e AgInS2 ii) l'impiego di nanostrutture di perovskiti in schemi di rivelazione e/o conversione in energia di radiazione ionizzante. Nello specifico, l’uso di tecniche spettroscopiche complementari in regime di temperatura controllata ha validato la presenza di sottolivelli intrinseci, con diversa parità, nella banda di valenza di NC stechiometrici di CuInS2 responsabili delle proprietà ottiche di questa classe di NC. I miei risultati, supportati da simulazioni di propagazione Monte Carlo, hanno portato alla fabbricazione di un concentratore solare luminescente - con efficienza record - basato su NC di CuInS2 con taglia ottimale. Lo studio è stato quindi esteso a NC di AgInS2, un materiale meno studiato ad oggi, ma molto promettente per applicazioni di bioimaging grazie all’assenza di elementi tossici. Quindi, ho investigato la rivelazione di radiazione ionizzante attraverso nanostrutture ad alto numero atomico come le perovskiti a base di alogenuri di piombo (LHP), ed in particolare il CsPbBr3. Attraverso lo studio dettagliato delle proprietà di foto- e radio-luminescenza, ho evidenziato gli effetti dell’interazione tra eccitone di bordo banda e stati di difetto shallow/deep in nanostrutture di CsPbBr3 con diversa dimensionalità. Questo studio fondamentale ha offerto una piattaforma per sviluppare nuove strategie sintetiche atte a passivare i siti di intrappolamento sulle superfici degli NC che hanno portato ad un incremento di efficienza di scintillazione del 500%. La stabilità dei NC di CsPbBr3 è stata infine verificata in termini di resistenza alla radiazione gammma fino a dosi estreme di 1 MGy. Inoltre, per estendere la loro applicazione alla radiation detection con dispositivi a guida d’onda, ho studiato la sensibilizzazione di un colorante organico accoppiato a NC di CsPbBr3, realizzando il primo esempio di scintillatore plastico con ampio Stokes-shift e luminescenza veloce basato su LHP. Per superare i limiti imposti dalla presenza di Pb nelle LHP, ho infine esplorato le proprietà ottiche e di scintillazione di nuove classi emergenti di perovskiti doppie green. Le informazioni raccolte incoraggiano il proseguimento di questa linea di ricerca indicando la passivazione superficiale come strategia più promettente per raggiungere prestazioni analoghe alle controparti a base di Pb.
During my PhD I investigated excitonic recombination mechanisms in colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs), promoting the development of new paradigms for the manipulation of optical and scintillation properties. Thanks to the wide range of spectroscopic techniques and the valuable collaborations undertaken, my conclusions have been published in prestigious scientific journals, contributing to the advancement of the community of nanomaterials scientists. My research mainly dealt with two topics of current technological importance: i) the origin of photoluminescence in NC of Cd-free ternary I-III-VI2 chalcogenides such as CuInS2 and AgInS2 ii) the use of perovskite nanostructures in detection schemes and/or energy conversion of ionizing radiation. Specifically, the use of complementary spectroscopic techniques in a controlled temperature regime has validated the presence of intrinsic sublevels, with different parity, in the valence band of the stoichiometric CuInS2 NCs responsible for the optical properties of this class of NC. My results, supported by Monte Carlo ray-tracing simulations, led to the fabrication of a luminescent solar concentrator - with record efficiency - based on CuInS2 NCs with optimal size. The study was then extended to AgInS2 NCs, a less investigates material so far, but very promising for bioimaging applications thanks to the absence of toxic elements. Then, I investigated the detection of ionizing radiation through high atomic number nanostructures such as lead halide perovskites (LHP), and in particular CsPbBr3. Through the detailed study of photo- and radio-luminescence properties, I highlighted the effects of the interaction between band edge exciton and shallow/deep defect states in CsPbBr3 nanostructures with different dimensionality. This fundamental study offered a platform to develop novel synthetic strategies to passivate trap sites on NC surfaces that led to a 500% enhancement of scintillation yield. The stability of CsPbBr3 NCs was finally verified in terms of radiation hardness, up to extreme gamma doses of 1 MGy. Furthermore, to extend their application to radiation detection with waveguiding devices, I studied the sensitization of an organic dye coupled to CsPbBr3 NCs, creating the first example of a plastic scintillator with wide Stokes-shift and fast luminescence based on LHP. To overcome the limitations imposed by the presence of Pb in LHPs, I finally explored the optical and scintillation properties of new emerging classes of green double perovskites. The information gathered encourages the continuation of this line of research, indicating surface passivation as the most promising strategy for achieving performance similar to the Pb-based counterparts.
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Sundaresan, Sasi Sekaran. "ATOMISTIC MODELING OF PHONON BANDSTRUCTURE AND TRANSPORT FOR OPTIMAL THERMAL MANAGEMENT IN NANOSCALE DEVICES." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/854.

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Monte Carlo based statistical approach to solve Boltzmann Transport Equation (BTE) has become a norm to investigate heat transport in semiconductors at sub-micron regime, owing mainly to its ability to characterize realistically sized device geometries qualitatively. One of the primary issues with this technique is that the approach predominantly uses empirically fitted phonon dispersion relations as input to determine the properties of phonons so as to predict the thermal conductivity of specified material geometry. The empirically fitted dispersion relations assume harmonic approximation thereby failing to account for thermal expansion, interaction of lattice waves, effect of strain on spring stiffness, and accurate phonon-phonon interaction. To circumvent this problem, in this work, a coupled molecular mechanics-Monte Carlo (MM-MC) platform has been developed and used to solve the phonon Boltzmann Transport Equation (BTE) for the calculation of thermal conductivity of several novel and emerging nanostructures. The use of the quasi-anharmonic MM approach (as implemented in the open source NEMO 3-D software toolkit) not only allows one to capture the true atomicity of the underlying lattice but also enables the simulation of realistically-sized structures containing millions of atoms. As compared to the approach using an empirically fitted phonon dispersion relation, here, a 17% increase in the thermal conductivity for a silicon nanowire due to the incorporation of atomistic corrections in the LA (longitudinal acoustic) branch alone has been reported. The atomistically derived thermal conductivity as calculated from the MM-MC framework is then used in the modular design and analysis of (i) a silicon nanowire based thermoelectric cooler (TEC) unit, and (ii) a GaN/InN based nanostructured light emitting device (LED). It is demonstrated that the use of empirically fitted phonon bandstructure parameters overestimates the temperature difference between the hot and the cold sides and the overall cooling efficiency of the system, thereby, demanding the use of the BTE derived thermal conductivity in the calculation of thermal conductivity. In case of the light-emitting device, the microscopically derived material parameters, as compared to their bulk and fitted counterparts, yielded ~3% correction (increase) in optical efficiency. A non-deterministic approach adopted in this work, therefore, provides satisfactory results in what concerns phonons transport in both ballistic and diffusive regimes to understand and/predict the heat transport phenomena in nanostructures.
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Brady, Benjamin Arthur. "Automation in digital photo management." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.

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Paniagua, Laconich Eduardo Javier. "Event-centric management of personal photos." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/368583.

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Since the last decade we have been observing a tremendous growth in the size of personal photo collections. For this reason, and due to the lack of proper automatic classification and annotation in standard album-centric photo software, users find it increasingly difficult to organise and make use of their photos. Although automatic annotation of media content can work to achieve more sophisticated multimedia classification and retrieval if its used in combination with rich knowledge representations, it still requires the availability of well-annotated training sets to produce the type of higher-level descriptions that would be of interest to casual users. Thus, the applicability of this approach is highly unlikely in the broad domain of personal photography. Recent developments in the media industry show an interest towards the organisation and structuring of media collections using an event-centric metaphor. This event-centric approach is inspired by strong research in psychology on how our autobiographical memory works to organise, recollect and share our life experiences. While this metaphor is backed by some early user studies, these were led before the large adoption of social media sharing services and there has been little recent research on how users actually use events digitally to organise and share their media. In this work we first present an updated study on what users are doing with their photos in current online platforms to support the suitability of an event-centric approach. Next, we introduce a simple framework for event-centric personal photo management focused on temporal and spatial aspects and through it we describe our techniques for automatic photo organisation and sharing. Finally, we propose a platform for personal photo management that makes use of these automatic techniques and present an evaluation of a prototypical implementation.
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Paniagua, Laconich Eduardo Javier. "Event-centric management of personal photos." Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2015. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/1537/1/paniagua-phd-thesis.pdf.

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Since the last decade we have been observing a tremendous growth in the size of personal photo collections. For this reason, and due to the lack of proper automatic classification and annotation in standard album-centric photo software, users find it increasingly difficult to organise and make use of their photos. Although automatic annotation of media content can work to achieve more sophisticated multimedia classification and retrieval if its used in combination with rich knowledge representations, it still requires the availability of well-annotated training sets to produce the type of higher-level descriptions that would be of interest to casual users. Thus, the applicability of this approach is highly unlikely in the broad domain of personal photography. Recent developments in the media industry show an interest towards the organisation and structuring of media collections using an event-centric metaphor. This event-centric approach is inspired by strong research in psychology on how our autobiographical memory works to organise, recollect and share our life experiences. While this metaphor is backed by some early user studies, these were led before the large adoption of social media sharing services and there has been little recent research on how users actually use events digitally to organise and share their media. In this work we first present an updated study on what users are doing with their photos in current online platforms to support the suitability of an event-centric approach. Next, we introduce a simple framework for event-centric personal photo management focused on temporal and spatial aspects and through it we describe our techniques for automatic photo organisation and sharing. Finally, we propose a platform for personal photo management that makes use of these automatic techniques and present an evaluation of a prototypical implementation.
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Books on the topic "Photon management"

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Frank, Wyrowski, Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers., and European Optical Society (Great Britain), eds. Photon management: 27-28 April, 2004, Strasbourg, France. Bellingham, Wash: SPIE, 2004.

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Wehrspohn, Ralf B., Uwe Rau, and Andreas Gombert, eds. Photon Management in Solar Cells. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527665662.

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Angelini, Angelo. Photon Management Assisted by Surface Waves on Photonic Crystals. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50134-5.

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Sōzōteki Kenkyū no Tame no Daikibo Dēta Manējimento Shinpojūmu (3rd 2001 Kōryōshi Kagaku Kenkyū Sentā). Dai 3-kai Sōzōteki Kenkyū no Tame no Daikibo Dēta Manējimento Shinpojūmu ronbunshū: 2001-nen 10-gatsu 29-31-nichi, Kōryōshi Kagaku Kenkyū Sentā, Kyōto. Ibaraki-ken Naka-gun Tōkai-mura: Nihon Genshiryoku Kenkyūjo, 2002.

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Photo booth 101: A comprehensive guide to starting a successful photo booth rental business. [S.l.]: Life Images Productions, 2012.

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Kellner, Hank. Write what you see: 99 photos to inspire writing. Fort Collins, CO: Cottonwood Press, 2009.

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Kellner, Hank. Write what you see: 99 photos to inspire writing. Fort Collins, CO: Cottonwood Press, 2009.

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Write what you see: 99 photos to inspire writing. Fort Collins, CO: Cottonwood Press, 2009.

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Tani, Toshhikazu. Color atlas of turfgrass diseases: Disease characteristics and control : original Japanese text and photos. Edited by Beard James B. 1935-. Chelsea, Mich: Ann Arbor Press, 1997.

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K, Forbus James, Saveland James M, and Southeastern Forest Experiment Station (Asheville, N.C.), eds. Photo series for estimating post-hurricane residues and fire behavior in southern pine. Asheville, N.C: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Photon management"

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Jakšić, Zoran. "Photon Management." In Micro and Nanophotonics for Semiconductor Infrared Detectors, 43–128. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09674-2_2.

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Zhang, Shuai, Shuai Zhang, Zhongze Gu, and Jian-Ning Ding. "Photonic Crystals for Photon Management in Solar Cells." In Printable Solar Cells, 513–48. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119283720.ch15.

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Seifert, Gerhard, Isolde Schwedler, Jens Schneider, and Ralf B. Wehrspohn. "Light Management in Solar Modules." In Photon Management in Solar Cells, 323–46. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527665662.ch12.

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Lewerenz, Hans-Joachim. "Photon Management: Photonic Crystals, Photosynthesis and Semiconductor–Enzyme Junctions." In Springer Series in Optical Sciences, 157–219. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23749-2_5.

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Sprafke, Alexander N., and Ralf B. Wehrspohn. "Current Concepts for Optical Path Enhancement in Solar Cells." In Photon Management in Solar Cells, 1–20. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527665662.ch1.

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Schweizer, Stefan, Christian Paßlick, Franziska Steudel, Bernd Ahrens, Paul-Tiberiu Miclea, Jacqueline Anne Johnson, Katharina Baumgartner, and Reinhard Carius. "Down-Conversion in Rare-Earth Doped Glasses and Glass Ceramics." In Photon Management in Solar Cells, 255–82. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527665662.ch10.

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Goldschmidt, Jan Christoph, Liv Prönneke, Andreas Büchtemann, Johannes Gutmann, Lorenz Steidl, Marcel Dyrba, Marie-Christin Wiegand, et al. "Fluorescent Concentrators for Photovoltaic Applications." In Photon Management in Solar Cells, 283–321. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527665662.ch11.

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Rau, Uwe, and Thomas Kirchartz. "The Principle of Detailed Balance and the Opto-Electronic Properties of Solar Cells." In Photon Management in Solar Cells, 21–48. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527665662.ch2.

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Peters, Marius, Hubert Hauser, Benedikt Bläsi, Matthias Kroll, Christian Helgert, Stephan Fahr, Samuel Wiesendanger, et al. "Rear Side Diffractive Gratings for Silicon Wafer Solar Cells." In Photon Management in Solar Cells, 49–90. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527665662.ch3.

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Rockstuhl, Carsten, Stephan Fahr, Falk Lederer, Karsten Bittkau, Thomas Beckers, Markus Ermes, and Reinhard Carius. "Randomly Textured Surfaces." In Photon Management in Solar Cells, 91–116. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527665662.ch4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Photon management"

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Schimmel, Hagen, and Frank Wyrowski. "Photon management with VirtualLab." In Photonics Europe, edited by Frank Wyrowski. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.555463.

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Goldschmidt, J. C., S. Fischer, Benjamin Fröhlich, J. Gutmann, B. Herter, C. Hofmann, J. Löffler, Frank C. J. M. van Veggel, and S. Wolf. "Photon management with luminescent materials and photonic structures." In SPIE Photonics Europe, edited by Ralf B. Wehrspohn and Andreas Gombert. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2052507.

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Gregorkiewicz, T. "Si nanocrystals for photon management." In 2012 IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipcon.2012.6358841.

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Wehrspohn, Ralf B., and Alexander N. Sprafke. "3D Photonic Crystals for Photon Management in Solar Cells." In Laser Science. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ls.2012.lth3g.5.

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Üpping, J., A. Bielawny, C. Ulbrich, M. Peters, J. C. Goldschmidt, L. Steidl, R. Zentel, et al. "3D photonic crystals for photon management in solar cells." In SPIE NanoScience + Engineering, edited by Ganapathi S. Subramania and Stavroula Foteinopoulou. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.859467.

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Schweizer, S. L., A. N. Sprafke, and R. B. Wehrspohn. "3D photonic crystals for photon management in solar cells." In SPIE NanoScience + Engineering, edited by Ganapathi S. Subramania and Stavroula Foteinopoulou. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2026250.

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Wehrspohn, Ralf B., and Alexander N. Sprafke. "3D photonic crystals for photon management in solar cells." In 2012 IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipcon.2012.6358519.

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Vermeersch, Marc. "Photon Management in SunPower's Solar Devices." In Optics for Solar Energy. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ose.2012.sw2a.1.

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Bläsi, Benedikt, Hubert Hauser, Christian Walk, Bernhard Michl, Aron Guttowski, Alexander Mellor, Jan Benick, et al. "Photon management structures for solar cells." In SPIE Photonics Europe, edited by Ralf Wehrspohn and Andreas Gombert. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.921824.

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Wiesendanger, Samuel, Carsten Rockstuhl, and Falk Lederer. "Front and rear side photonic nanostructures for an optimal photon management." In Optical Nanostructures and Advanced Materials for Photovoltaics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pv.2012.pt3c.2.

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Reports on the topic "Photon management"

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Menon, Rajesh. Novel photon management for thin-film photovoltaics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1331873.

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Gantzer, Clark J., Shmuel Assouline, and Stephen H. Anderson. Synchrotron CMT-measured soil physical properties influenced by soil compaction. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7587242.bard.

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Methods to quantify soil conditions of pore connectivity, tortuosity, and pore size as altered by compaction were done. Air-dry soil cores were scanned at the GeoSoilEnviroCARS sector at the Advanced Photon Source for x-ray computed microtomography of the Argonne facility. Data was collected on the APS bending magnet Sector 13. Soil sample cores 5- by 5-mm were studied. Skeletonization algorithms in the 3DMA-Rock software of Lindquist et al. were used to extract pore structure. We have numerically investigated the spatial distribution for 6 geometrical characteristics of the pore structure of repacked Hamra soil from three-dimensional synchrotron computed microtomography (CMT) computed tomographic images. We analyzed images representing cores volumes 58.3 mm³ having average porosities of 0.44, 0.35, and 0.33. Cores were packed with < 2mm and < 0.5mm sieved soil. The core samples were imaged at 9.61-mm resolution. Spatial distributions for pore path length and coordination number, pore throat size and nodal pore volume obtained. The spatial distributions were computed using a three-dimensional medial axis analysis of the void space in the image. We used a newly developed aggressive throat computation to find throat and pore partitioning for needed for higher porosity media such as soil. Results show that the coordination number distribution measured from the medial axis were reasonably fit by an exponential relation P(C)=10⁻C/C0. Data for the characteristic area, were also reasonably well fit by the relation P(A)=10⁻ᴬ/ᴬ0. Results indicates that compression preferentially affects the largest pores, reducing them in size. When compaction reduced porosity from 44% to 33%, the average pore volume reduced by 30%, and the average pore-throat area reduced by 26%. Compaction increased the shortest paths interface tortuosity by about 2%. Soil structure alterations induced by compaction using quantitative morphology show that the resolution is sufficient to discriminate soil cores. This study shows that analysis of CMT can provide information to assist in assessment of soil management to ameliorate soil compaction.
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Ruiz, Pablo, Craig Perry, Alejando Garcia, Magali Guichardot, Michael Foguer, Joseph Ingram, Michelle Prats, Carlos Pulido, Robert Shamblin, and Kevin Whelan. The Everglades National Park and Big Cypress National Preserve vegetation mapping project: Interim report—Northwest Coastal Everglades (Region 4), Everglades National Park (revised with costs). National Park Service, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2279586.

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The Everglades National Park and Big Cypress National Preserve vegetation mapping project is part of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP). It is a cooperative effort between the South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD), the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), and the National Park Service’s (NPS) Vegetation Mapping Inventory Program (VMI). The goal of this project is to produce a spatially and thematically accurate vegetation map of Everglades National Park and Big Cypress National Preserve prior to the completion of restoration efforts associated with CERP. This spatial product will serve as a record of baseline vegetation conditions for the purpose of: (1) documenting changes to the spatial extent, pattern, and proportion of plant communities within these two federally-managed units as they respond to hydrologic modifications resulting from the implementation of the CERP; and (2) providing vegetation and land-cover information to NPS park managers and scientists for use in park management, resource management, research, and monitoring. This mapping project covers an area of approximately 7,400 square kilometers (1.84 million acres [ac]) and consists of seven mapping regions: four regions in Everglades National Park, Regions 1–4, and three in Big Cypress National Preserve, Regions 5–7. The report focuses on the mapping effort associated with the Northwest Coastal Everglades (NWCE), Region 4 , in Everglades National Park. The NWCE encompasses a total area of 1,278 square kilometers (493.7 square miles [sq mi], or 315,955 ac) and is geographically located to the south of Big Cypress National Preserve, west of Shark River Slough (Region 1), and north of the Southwest Coastal Everglades (Region 3). Photo-interpretation was performed by superimposing a 50 × 50-meter (164 × 164-feet [ft] or 0.25 hectare [0.61 ac]) grid cell vector matrix over stereoscopic, 30 centimeters (11.8 inches) spatial resolution, color-infrared aerial imagery on a digital photogrammetric workstation. Photo-interpreters identified the dominant community in each cell by applying majority-rule algorithms, recognizing community-specific spectral signatures, and referencing an extensive ground-truth database. The dominant vegetation community within each grid cell was classified using a hierarchical classification system developed specifically for this project. Additionally, photo-interpreters categorized the absolute cover of cattail (Typha sp.) and any invasive species detected as either: Sparse (10–49%), Dominant (50–89%), or Monotypic (90–100%). A total of 178 thematic classes were used to map the NWCE. The most common vegetation classes are Mixed Mangrove Forest-Mixed and Transitional Bayhead Shrubland. These two communities accounted for about 10%, each, of the mapping area. Other notable classes include Short Sawgrass Marsh-Dense (8.1% of the map area), Mixed Graminoid Freshwater Marsh (4.7% of the map area), and Black Mangrove Forest (4.5% of the map area). The NWCE vegetation map has a thematic class accuracy of 88.4% with a lower 90th Percentile Confidence Interval of 84.5%.
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Prevedel, David A., E. Durant McArthur, and Curtis M. Johnson. Beginnings of range management: an anthology of the Sampson-Ellison photo plots (1913 to 2003) and a short history of the Great Basin Experiment Station. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-gtr-154.

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Halevy, Orna, Zipora Yablonka-Reuveni, and Israel Rozenboim. Enhancement of meat production by monochromatic light stimuli during embryogenesis: effect on muscle development and post-hatch growth. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7586471.bard.

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The original objectives were: A. To determine the critical embryonic age for monochromatic green light stimulation. B. To follow the ontogeny of embryos exposed to monochromatic green light vs. darkness. C. To investigate the effects of monochromatic green light illumination on myoblast and fiber development in the embryo. D. To investigate the stimulatory effect of light combinations during embryo and post-hatch periods on growth and meat production. E. To evaluate the direct effect of monochromatic green light on cultured embryonic and adult myoblasts. The overall purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of monochromatic light stimuli during incubation period of broilers on muscle development and satellite cell myogenesis. Based on previous studies (Halevy et al., 1998; Rozenboim et al., 1999) that demonstrated the positive effects of green-light illumination on body and muscle growth, we hypothesized that monochromatic light illumination accelerates embryo and muscle development and subsequently enhances muscle growth and meat production. Thus, further decreases management costs. Under the cooperation of the laboratories at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and University of Washington we have conducted the following: 1. We have established the critical stage for exposure to green monochromatic light which has the maximal effect on body and muscle growth (Objective A). We report that embryonic day 5 is optimal for starting illumination. The optimal regime of lighting that will eliminate possible heat effects was evaluated by monitoring egg core temperature at various illumination periods. We found that intermitted lighting (15 min. on; 15 min. off) is optimal to avoid heat effects. 2. We have evaluated in detail gross changes in embryo development profile associated to green light stimuli vs. darkness. In addition, we have investigated the stimulatory effect of light combinations during embryo and post-hatch periods on body and muscle growth (Objective B,D). 3. We have studied the expression profile of muscle regulatory proteins during chicken muscle cell differentiation in cultures using newly developed antibodies. This study paved the way for analyzing the expression of these proteins in our photo stimulation experiments (Objective C). 4. We have studied the pattern ofPax7 expression during myogenesis in the posthatch chicken. Experimental chick pectoralis muscles as well adult myoblast cultures were used in this study and the results led us to propose a novel model for satellite cell differentiation and renewal. 5. The effects of monochromatic green light illumination during embryogenesis have been studied. These studies focused on fetal myoblast and satellite cell proliferation and differentiation at pre- and posthatch periods and on the effects on the expression of muscle regulatory proteins which are involved in these processes. In addition, we have analyzed the effect of photo stimulation in the embryo on myofiber development at early posthatch (Objective C). 6. In follow the reviewers' comments we have not conducted Objective E. The information gathered from these studies is of utmost importance both, for understanding the molecular basis of muscle development in the posthatch chicks and for applied approach for future broiler management. Therefore, the information could be beneficial to agriculture in the short term on the one hand and to future studies on chick muscle development in the embryo and posthatch on the other hand.
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Tweet, Justin, Holley Flora, Summer Weeks, Eathan McIntyre, and Vincent Santucci. Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument: Paleontological resource inventory (public version). National Park Service, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2289972.

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Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument (PARA) in northwestern Arizona has significant paleontological resources, which are recognized in the establishing presidential proclamation. Because of the challenges of working in this remote area, there has been little documentation of these resources over the years. PARA also has an unusual management situation which complicates resource management. The majority of PARA is administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM; this land is described here as PARA-BLM), while about 20% of the monument is administered by the National Park Service (NPS; this land is described here as PARA-NPS) in conjunction with Lake Mead National Recreation Area (LAKE). Parcels of state and private land are scattered throughout the monument. Reports of fossils within what is now PARA go back to at least 1914. Geologic and paleontologic reports have been sporadic over the past century. Much of what was known of the paleontology before the 2020 field inventory was documented by geologists focused on nearby Grand Canyon National Park (GRCA) and LAKE, or by students working on graduate projects; in either case, paleontology was a secondary topic of interest. The historical record of fossil discoveries in PARA is dominated by Edwin McKee, who reported fossils from localities in PARA-NPS and PARA-BLM as part of larger regional projects published from the 1930s to the 1980s. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has mapped the geology of PARA in a series of publications since the early 1980s. Unpublished reports by researchers from regional institutions have documented paleontological resources in Quaternary caves and rock shelters. From September to December 2020, a field inventory was conducted to better understand the scope and distribution of paleontological resources at PARA. Thirty-eight localities distributed across the monument and throughout its numerous geologic units were documented extensively, including more than 420 GPS points and 1,300 photos, and a small number of fossil specimens were collected and catalogued under 38 numbers. In addition, interviews were conducted with staff to document the status of paleontology at PARA, and potential directions for future management, research, protection, and interpretation. In geologic terms, PARA is located on the boundary of the Colorado Plateau and the Basin and Range provinces. Before the uplift of the Colorado Plateau near the end of the Cretaceous 66 million years ago, this area was much lower in elevation and subject to flooding by shallow continental seas. This led to prolonged episodes of marine deposition as well as complex stratigraphic intervals of alternating terrestrial and marine strata. Most of the rock formations that are exposed in the monument belong to the Paleozoic part of the Grand Canyon section, deposited between approximately 510 and 270 million years ago in mostly shallow marine settings. These rocks have abundant fossils of marine invertebrates such as sponges, corals, bryozoans, brachiopods, bivalves, gastropods, crinoids, and echinoids. The Cambrian–Devonian portion of the Grand Canyon Paleozoic section is represented in only a few areas of PARA. The bulk of the Paleozoic rocks at PARA are Mississippian to Permian in age, approximately 360 to 270 million years old, and belong to the Redwall Limestone through the Kaibab Formation. While the Grand Canyon section has only small remnants of younger Mesozoic rocks, several Mesozoic formations are exposed within PARA, mostly ranging in age from the Early Triassic to the Early Jurassic (approximately 252 to 175 million years ago), as well as some middle Cretaceous rocks deposited approximately 100 million years ago. Mesozoic fossils in PARA include marine fossils in the Moenkopi Formation and petrified wood and invertebrate trace fossils in the Chinle Formation and undivided Moenave and Kayenta Formations.
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Taverna, Kristin. Vegetation classification and mapping of land additions at Richmond National Battlefield Park, Virginia: Addendum to technical report NPS/NER/NRTR 2008/128. National Park Service, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2294278.

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In 2008 and 2015, the Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage produced vegetation maps for Richmond National Battlefield Park, following the protocols of the United States Geological Survey (USGS) – National Park Service (NPS) Vegetation Mapping Program. The original 2008 report was part of a regional project to map and classify the vegetation in seven national parks in Virginia. The 2015 report was an addendum to the original report and mapped the vegetation in newly acquired parcels. Since 2015, the park has acquired an additional 820 acres of land within 12 individual parcels, including the 650 acre North Anna unit. This report is an addendum to the 2008 and 2015 reports and documents the mapping of vegetation and other land-use classes for the 12 new land parcels at Richmond National Battlefield Park, with an updated vegetation map for the entire park. The updated map and associated data provide information on the sensitivity and ecological integrity of habitats and can help prioritize areas for protection. The vegetation map of the new land parcels includes eighteen map classes, representing 14 associations from the United States National Vegetation Classification, one nonstandard, park-specific class, and three Anderson Level II land-use categories. The vegetation classification and map classes are consistent with the original 2008 report. Vegetation-map classes for the new land parcels were identified through field reconnaissance, data collection, and aerial photo interpretation. Aerial photography from 2017 served as the base map for mapping the 12 new parcels, and field sampling was conducted in the summer of 2020. Three new map classes for the Park were encountered and described during the study, all within the North Anna park unit. These map classes are Coastal Plain / Outer Piedmont Basic Mesic Forest, Northern Coastal Plain / Piedmont Oak – Beech / Heath Forest, and Southern Piedmont / Inner Coastal Plain Floodplain Terrace Forest. The examples of Coastal Plain / Outer Piedmont Basic Mesic Forest and Southern Piedmont / Inner Coastal Plain Floodplain Terrace Forest at North Anna meet the criteria of size, condition, and landscape context to be considered a Natural Heritage exemplary natural community occurrence and should be targeted for protection and management as needed. New local and global descriptions for the three map classes are included as part of this report. Refinements were made to the vegetation field key to include the new map classes. The updated field key is part of this report. An updated table listing the number of polygons and total hectares for each of the 28 vegetation- map classes over the entire park is also included in the report. A GIS coverage containing a vegetation map for the entire park with updated Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) compliant metadata was completed for this project. The attribute table field names are the same as the 2008 and 2015 products, with the exception of an additional field indicating the year each polygon was last edited.
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