Journal articles: 'Photography Australia'

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Anderson, Fay. "Chasing the Pictures: Press and Magazine Photography." Media International Australia 150, no. 1 (February 2014): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1415000112.

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For over a century, press and magazine photography has influenced how Australians have viewed society, and played a critical role in Australia's evolving national identity. Despite its importance and longevity, the historiography of Australian news photography is surprising limited. This article examines the history of press and magazine photography and considers its genesis, the transformative technological innovations, debates about images of violence, the industrial attitudes towards photographers and their treatment, the use of photographs and the seismic recent changes. The article argues that while the United States and United Kingdom influenced the trajectory of press and news photography in Australia, there are significant and illuminating differences.

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Palmer, Daniel. "“Asian” photography in Australia." photographies 14, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17540763.2020.1856713.

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Anderson, Fay. "‘Photographing Lindy’: Australian press photography and the Chamberlain case, 1980–2012." Media International Australia 162, no. 1 (September 26, 2016): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x16665495.

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This article analyses the news photography surrounding a high-profile case of alleged matricide in Australia: the disappearance of 9-month-old Azaria Chamberlain, and the subsequent murder trial and eventual acquittal of her mother, Lindy. While the scholarship on the media’s conduct during Chamberlain’s ordeal has been exhaustive, the press photographers’ role has not been considered. Drawing on oral history interviews with newspaper photographers, this article explores the ways that the photographers’ workplace culture, gender, relationships and practices informed their approach. It argues that their images in isolation did not contribute to the demonisation of Chamberlain; the same photographs were used to project both innocence and guilt depending on the editorial interpretation. The article will provide new historical understanding about the photographic traditions and routines surrounding the Chamberlain case and crime photography more generally.

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Pickard, John. "Assessing vegetation change over a century using repeat photography." Australian Journal of Botany 50, no. 4 (2002): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt01053.

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Repeat photography is a technique of detecting changes in the landscape by comparing old and more recent photographs taken at the same place. Information gained is used to detect landscape change as one component of historical ecology. Understanding the causes of any change detected requires additional information. The technique was pioneered in vegetation ecology in Arizona and has since been applied in many other parts of the United States. After a description of the technique, the American experience is reviewed and the problems of detecting change and assigning cause are discussed. The relatively few Australian examples are briefly summarised. There are many limitations of repeat photography, but these can be controlled through a careful approach. Although repeat photography has rarely been used in Australia, it has significant applications in education, in understanding past changes and in helping to help predict future changes in vegetation.

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Lydon, Jane. "Photography and Critical Heritage." Public Historian 41, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 18–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2019.41.1.18.

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Historical photographs of Australian Aboriginal people were amassed during the colonial period for a range of purposes, yet rarely to further an Indigenous agenda. Today, however, such images have been recontextualized, used to reconstruct family history, document culture, and express connections to place. They have become a significant heritage resource for relatives and descendants. Images stand in for relatives lost through processes of official assimilation—or as this sad history is now known in Australia, the Stolen Generations. This article explores the potential healing power of the photos in addressing loss and dislocation, and emerging tools for supporting this process through reviewing the Returning Photos project outcomes.

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Hanrahan, P. F., C. A. D’Este, S. W. Menzies, T. Plummer, and P. Hersey. "A randomised trial of skin photography as an aid to screening skin lesions in older males." Journal of Medical Screening 9, no. 3 (September 1, 2002): 128–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jms.9.3.128.

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OBJECTIVES: We have previously shown that photographs assist in detection of change in skin lesions and designed the present randomised population based trial to assess the feasibility of photographs as an aid to management of skin cancers in older men. SETTING: 1899 men over fifty, identified from the electoral roll in two regions in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, were invited by mail to participate. METHODS: A total of 973 of 1037 respondents were photographed and randomised into intervention (participants given their photographs) or control groups (photographs withheld by investigators). At one and two years from the time of photography, all participants were advised to see their primary care practitioner for a skin examination. Those in the intervention group were examined with their photographs and those in the control group without their photographs. RESULTS: The results indicated that the practitioners were more likely to leave suspicious lesions in place for follow up observation (37% v 29%) (p=0.006) and less likely to excise benign non pigmented lesions (20 v 32%). There was little difference in excision rates for benign pigmented lesions (21% v 23%). Lesions excised were more likely to be non-melanoma skin cancer (58% v 42%) from patients who had photographs compared to those without photographs (p=0.005). The use of skin photography resulted in a substantial savings due to the reduced excision of benign lesions. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that it would be feasible to conduct a large scale randomised trial to evaluate the value of photography in early detection of melanoma and that such a trial could be cost effective due to the reduced excision of benign skin lesions.

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Grace, Helen. "Everyday Australia: An etho-prosaic photography." History of Photography 23, no. 2 (June 1999): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03087298.1999.10443811.

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Downer, Christine. "Photography in Australia: A select bibliography." History of Photography 23, no. 2 (June 1999): 192–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03087298.1999.10443822.

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Maynard, Margaret. "Fashion and Air Travel: Australian Photography and Style." Costume 51, no. 1 (March 2017): 103–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/cost.2017.0007.

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The expansion of commercial air travel in Australia after the Second World War caused significant changes to women's fashion and its marketing in this country. The developing technology of aeroplanes as commercial carriers meant European clothes and ideas reached Australia increasingly rapidly. A long-term sense of stylistic inferiority diminished and the sometimes unquestioning acceptance of imported style was challenged. As post-war retailers expanded their product range, they sought possibilities to market Australian designed and made garments both in Europe and the US. Using co-marketing with the airline industry in particular, retailers began to foster a new confidence amongst middle-class women that by wearing local attire they could participate in a worldwide network of stylish production and consumption. For a brief period, Australian, US and European-made fashions were in serious competition. This article suggests promotional images featuring the connectivity between the technology of air transport and fashion after the Second World War mark a discrete moment in the representation of women in this country as mature and stylishly dressed global travellers, prior to a vigorously emerging youth market by the mid-1960s. It also posits the idea that, although representational stereotypes of Australian women as homemakers remained intact, the use of technological settings of airline travel in fashion photography created a new and cosmopolitan narrative that ran counter to the ideal of domesticity.

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Quanchi, Max. "‘Record of my journeyings in the Coral Sea’: Randolph Bedford’s 1906 album of the Solomon Islands." Journal of New Zealand & Pacific Studies 8, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 39–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/nzps_00014_1.

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Albums and scrapbooks are rarely the focus of research. This article examines the motivation and context for a unique and rare album compiled by a ‘special correspondent’ – George Randolph Bedford, an aspiring Federal politician, journalist and writer – who visited the Solomon Islands in 1906 on a personal fact-finding mission. His scrapbook contains 212 photographs and a series of articles on the Solomon Islands that he had published in illustrated weekend newspapers in Australia in 1906 and early 1907. The Australian colonies had just federated, Britain had just passed control of Papua to Australia and, in the New Hebrides, Britain and France were about to announce a condominium had been formed. Tonga, Niue and the Cook Islands were also the subject of imperial manoeuvring. In Queensland, Kanakas were being sent home as the labour trade was abolished. The scrapbook is therefore a window on to imperial diplomacy, colonial expansion and Australian visions of a relationship with the Pacific, the boom in illustrated newspapers, early photography and personal ambition to become an expert on the islands.

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Fulton, Graham R. "Museum: The Macleays, Their Collections and the Search for Order." Pacific Conservation Biology 17, no. 2 (2011): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc110162.

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STACEY and Hay have previously collaborated on the volume Herbarium (Stacey and Hay 2004) regarding collections held in the herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney. Ashley Hay has published two books of narrative non-fiction. Her essays, short stories and journalism have appeared in various periodicals including The Bulletin where she was a literary editor. Robyn Stacey is a Senior Lecturer in the School of Communication and Arts at the University of Western Sydney. She is an acclaimed photographer, in Australia, with her photography shown in Australia and internationally. This book is about the history, collectors and collections of The Macleay Museum at The University of Sydney. Its aim is to bring the reader closer to the collectors and collections by breathing life into the characters and selected specimens in the collection; according to the dust-jacket’s hyperbole, to throw open the doors of the museum and its rich collections. The authors develop the book with their individual skills, one of writing and one of photography. The second is facilitated through its aesthetic appeal, its folio size and large photographic reproductions of strikingly coloured specimens. The whole is a coffee-table-style-book with a text that digs deeper developing the background to the personalities and collections, intertwining them with the history of early systematists/collectors, which provides the backbone of the text.

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Freeman, Carol. "Imaging Extinction: Disclosure and Revision in Photographs of the Thylacine (Tasmanian tiger)." Society & Animals 15, no. 3 (2007): 241–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853007x217186.

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AbstractThe thylacine was a shy and elusive nonhuman animal who survived in small numbers on the island of Tasmania, Australia, when European settlers arrived in 1803. After a deliberate campaign of eradication, the species disappeared 130 years later. Visual and verbal constructions in the nineteenth century labeled the thylacine a ferocious predator, but photographs of individuals in British and American zoos that were used to illustrate early twentieth-century zoological works presented a very different impression of the animal. The publication of these photographs, however, had little effect on the relentless progress of extermination. This essay focuses on the relationship between photographs of thylacines and the process of extinction, between images and words, and between pictures of dead animals and live ones. The procedures, claims, and limitations of photography are crucial to the messages generated by these images and to the role they played in the representation of the species. This essay explains why the medium of photography and pleas for preservation could not save the thylacine.

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De Lorenzo, Catherine. "Installation View: Photography Exhibitions in Australia (1848–2020)." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Art 22, no. 1 (January 2, 2022): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14434318.2022.2076037.

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Batchen, Geoffrey. "Installation View: Photography Exhibitions in Australia 1848–2020." History of Photography 45, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 101–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03087298.2021.2020476.

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Tamura, Keiko. "Pacific Exposures: Photography and the Australia-Japan Relationship." Australian Historical Studies 50, no. 4 (October 2, 2019): 555–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1031461x.2019.1662563.

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Burns, Kara, and Suzanne Belton. "Clinicians and their cameras: policy, ethics and practice in an Australian tertiary hospital." Australian Health Review 37, no. 4 (2013): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah12039.

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Medical photography illustrates what people would prefer to keep private, is practiced when people are vulnerable, and has the power to freeze a moment in time. Given it is a sensitive area of health, lawful and ethical practice is paramount. This paper recognises and seeks to clarify the possibility of widespread clinician-taken medical photography in a tertiary hospital in Australia, examining the legal and ethical implications of this practice. A framework of law, state Department of Health policy and human rights theory were used to argue the thesis. Clinicians from 13 purposively chosen wards were asked to participate in an anonymous survey and confidential in-depth interviews. Questions were generated from the literature and local knowledge on the topics of ‘occurrence’, ‘image use’, ‘quality of consent’, ‘cameras and technology’, ‘confidentiality’, ‘data storage and security’, ‘hospital policy and law’ and ‘cultural issues’. One hundred and seventy surveys and eight interviews were analysed using descriptive statistics and theme and content analysis, then triangulated for similarity, difference and unique responses. Forty-eight percent of clinicians surveyed take medical photographs, with the majority using hospital-owned cameras. However, one-fifth of clinicians reported photographing with personal mobile phones. Non-compliance with written consent requirements articulated in policy was endemic, with most clinicians surveyed obtaining only verbal consent. Labelling, storage, copyright and cultural issues were generally misunderstood, with a significant number of clinicians risking the security of patient information by storing images on personal devices. If this tertiary hospital does not develop a clinical photography action plan to address staff lack of knowledge, and non-compliance with policy and mobile phone use, patients’ data is at risk of being distributed into the public domain where unauthorised publication may cause psychological harm and have legal ramifications for the hospital, its patients, and staff. What is known about the topic? While professional medical photography has been widely used for recording patient condition, evidencing care and teaching, little is known about the use of digital photographs taken by clinicians in Australian hospitals. Our research demonstrates that the ubiquitous nature of personal camera phones is encouraging clinicians to practice medical photography on personal devices. Clinicians who take photographs of patients have practical, legal and ethical issues to negotiate. Without careful management of these images, especially on personal devices, accidental and deliberate misuse is possible. What does this paper add? This paper adds to knowledge of clinician-performed medical photography practice: no other study has reported on the subject across multiple wards in an Australian tertiary hospital. This paper defines key areas of inquiry relevant to the topic, documents poor knowledge and compliance with hospital policy and highlights areas of risk to patients, staff and hospital. What are the implications for practitioners? It is likely that the behaviours and knowledge of digital photography documented in our research site are similar to that in other hospitals. Practitioners, managers and policy makers need to be aware of the ethics and regulations regarding consent, use, storage, disposal and ownership of patients’ digital images to ensure the practice follows ethical and legislated guidelines.

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Ndalila, Mercy N., Grant J. Williamson, and David M. J. S. Bowman. "Geographic Patterns of Fire Severity Following an Extreme Eucalyptus Forest Fire in Southern Australia: 2013 Forcett-Dunalley Fire." Fire 1, no. 3 (October 22, 2018): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire1030040.

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Fire severity is an important characteristic of fire regimes; however, global assessments of fire regimes typically focus more on fire frequency and burnt area. Our objective in this case study is to use multiple lines of evidence to understand fire severity and intensity patterns and their environmental correlates in the extreme 2013 Forcett-Dunalley fire in southeast Tasmania, Australia. We use maximum likelihood classification of aerial photography, and fire behavior equations, to report on fire severity and intensity patterns, and compare the performance of multiple thresholds of the normalised burn ratio (dNBR) and normalized difference vegetation index (dNDVI) (from pre- and post-fire Landsat 7 images) against classified aerial photography. We investigate how vegetation, topography, and fire weather, and therefore intensity, influenced fire severity patterns. According to the aerial photographic classification, the fire burnt 25,950 ha of which 5% burnt at low severities, 17% at medium severity, 32% at high severity, 23% at very high severities, while 22% contained unburnt patches. Generalized linear modelling revealed that fire severity was strongly influenced by slope angle, aspect, and interactions between vegetation type and fire weather (FFDI) ranging from moderate (12) to catastrophic (>90). Extreme fire weather, which occurred in 2% of the total fire duration of the fire (16 days), caused the fire to burn nearly half (46%) of the total area of the fireground and resulted in modelled extreme fireline intensities among all vegetation types, including an inferred peak of 68,000 kW·m−1 in dry forest. The best satellite-based severity map was the site-specific dNBR (45% congruence with aerial photography) showing dNBR potential in Eucalyptus forests, but the reliability of this approach must be assessed using aerial photography, and/or ground assessment.

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Fuentes, Sigfredo, Anthony R. Palmer, Daniel Taylor, Melanie Zeppel, Rhys Whitley, and Derek Eamus. "An automated procedure for estimating the leaf area index (LAI) of woodland ecosystems using digital imagery, MATLAB programming and its application to an examination of the relationship between remotely sensed and field measurements of LAI." Functional Plant Biology 35, no. 10 (2008): 1070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp08045.

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Leaf area index (LAI) is one of the most important variables required for modelling growth and water use of forests. Functional–structural plant models use these models to represent physiological processes in 3-D tree representations. Accuracy of these models depends on accurate estimation of LAI at tree and stand scales for validation purposes. A recent method to estimate LAI from digital images (LAID) uses digital image capture and gap fraction analysis (Macfarlane et al. 2007b) of upward-looking digital photographs to capture canopy LAID (cover photography). After implementing this technique in Australian evergreen Eucalyptus woodland, we have improved the method of image analysis and replaced the time consuming manual technique with an automated procedure using a script written in MATLAB 7.4 (LAIM). Furthermore, we used this method to compare MODIS LAI values with LAID values for a range of woodlands in Australia to obtain LAI at the forest scale. Results showed that the MATLAB script developed was able to successfully automate gap analysis to obtain LAIM. Good relationships were achieved when comparing averaged LAID and LAIM (LAIM = 1.009 – 0.0066 LAID; R2 = 0.90) and at the forest scale, MODIS LAI compared well with LAID (MODIS LAI = 0.9591 LAID – 0.2371; R2 = 0.89). This comparison improved when correcting LAID with the clumping index to obtain effective LAI (MODIS LAI = 1.0296 LAIe + 0.3468; R2 = 0.91). Furthermore, the script developed incorporates a function to connect directly a digital camera, or high resolution webcam, from a laptop to obtain cover photographs and LAI analysis in real time. The later is a novel feature which is not available on commercial LAI analysis softwares for cover photography. This script is available for interested researchers.

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Spencer, R. D. "FILM TRIALS OF AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY FOR FORESTRY IN VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA." Photogrammetric Record 9, no. 51 (August 26, 2006): 391–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1978.tb00431.x.

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Parvey, Chris, and Paul Walker. "Coverage of Australia by Large Format Camera space shuttle photography." Cartography 14, no. 2 (September 1985): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00690805.1985.10438298.

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Xu, Xing. "A Probe Into Chinese Doctoral Students’ Researcher Identity: A Volunteer-Employed Photography Study." SAGE Open 11, no. 3 (July 2021): 215824402110321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211032151.

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Researcher identity has been widely studied as central to doctoral education. However, little is known about students’ emic conceptualization of what represents researcher identity based on their lived experience. Using a sample of 24 Chinese doctoral students in Australia, this study adopts volunteer-employed photography (VEP) to facilitate the participants’ delineation of their researcher identity. Findings reveal that researcher identity is indexed at three levels: belonging as being, doing as becoming, and limited limitlessness. It presents itself as a complex formulating process in which dichotomous, yet mutually constitutive, forces collide and merge. This study concretizes perceptions about the notion of researcher identity through photographs and corresponding revelatory dialogues in relation to people, objects, feelings, phenomena, and relationships. Some insights on visual research methodology are also discussed.

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Fensham, R. J., and R. J. Fairfax. "Assessing woody vegetation cover change in north-west Australian savanna using aerial photography." International Journal of Wildland Fire 12, no. 4 (2003): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf03022.

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Models to calibrate tree and shrub cover assessed from aerial photography with field measurements were developed for a range of vegetation types in north-western Australia. The models verify previous studies indicating that woody cover can be successfully determined from aerial photography. The calibration models were applied to estimates of woody vegetation cover determined for 279 randomly located sample areas in the Ord–Victoria Rivers region using aerial photography from 1948 to 1950 and 1988 to 1997. Overstorey cover increased from a regional average of 11.5% to 13.5% and understorey cover increased from 1.3% to 2.0%. Downs, Limestone Hills and Alluvia land-types showed the most substantial increases in overstorey cover while overstorey cover in the Limestone plains land-type decreased. Relatively open structured vegetation is most susceptible to thickening. Rainfall records reveal an extreme multi-year rainfall deficit in the study area in the 1930s and relatively wet times in the 1970s and 1980s. Interpretation of a limited set of aerial photographs taken between 1964 and 1972 suggests that most of the increases in cover have occurred since this time. The study highlights the possibility that the average trend of vegetation thickening represents recovery during the relatively wet times after the 1970s. There was no relationship between structural change and a grazing intensity surrogate (distance of sample points to stock watering-points). However, the causes of structural change are undoubtedly multi-factored and the relative contributions of climate, fire and grazing vary for different landscapes and tree species.

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Murray, Linda, and Meredith Nash. "The Challenges of Participant Photography: A Critical Reflection on Methodology and Ethics in Two Cultural Contexts." Qualitative Health Research 27, no. 6 (September 14, 2016): 923–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732316668819.

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Photovoice and photo-elicitation are two common methods of participant photography used in health research. Although participatory photography has many benefits, this critical reflection provides fellow researchers with insights into the methodological and ethical challenges faced when using such methods. In this article, we critically reflect on two studies that used participatory photography in different cultural contexts. The first study used photo-elicitation to investigate mothers’ experiences of infant settling in central Vietnam. The second study used photovoice to explore pregnant embodiment in Australia. Following a discussion of the literature and a detailed overview of the two studies, we examine the methodological challenges in using participant photography before, during and after each study. This is followed by a discussion of ethical concerns that arose in relation to the burden of participation, confidentiality, consent, and the photographing of families and children. To conclude, we highlight implications for using participatory photography in other settings.

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Foster, Kevin. "Purposeful Nation-Building: Photography, Modernisation and Post-War Reconstruction in Australia." Journal of War & Culture Studies 15, no. 2 (April 3, 2022): 183–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17526272.2022.2065122.

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Maxwell, Anne. "Eugenics and photography in Britain, the USA and Australia 1870–1940." Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 92 (April 2022): 71–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsa.2022.01.005.

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Fairfax, R. J., and R. J. Fensham. "Corrigendum to: Assessing woody vegetation cover change in north-west Australian savanna using aerial photography." International Journal of Wildland Fire 13, no. 1 (2004): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf03022_co.

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Models to calibrate tree and shrub cover assessed from aerial photography with field measurements were developed for a range of vegetation types in north-western Australia. The models verify previous studies indicating that woody cover can be successfully determined from aerial photography. The calibration models were applied to estimates of woody vegetation cover determined for 279 randomly located sample areas in the Ord–Victoria Rivers region using aerial photography from 1948 to 1950 and 1988 to 1997. Overstorey cover increased from a regional average of 11.5% to 13.5% and understorey cover increased from 1.3% to 2.0%. Downs, Limestone Hills and Alluvia land-types showed the most substantial increases in overstorey cover while overstorey cover in the Limestone plains land-type decreased. Relatively open structured vegetation is most susceptible to thickening. Rainfall records reveal an extreme multi-year rainfall deficit in the study area in the 1930s and relatively wet times in the 1970s and 1980s. Interpretation of a limited set of aerial photographs taken between 1964 and 1972 suggests that most of the increases in cover have occurred since this time. The study highlights the possibility that the average trend of vegetation thickening represents recovery during the relatively wet times after the 1970s. There was no relationship between structural change and a grazing intensity surrogate (distance of sample points to stock watering-points). However, the causes of structural change are undoubtedly multi-factored and the relative contributions of climate, fire and grazing vary for different landscapes and tree species.

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Duggan, Jo-Anne, and Enza Gandolfo. "Other Spaces: migration, objects and archives." Modern Italy 16, no. 3 (August 2011): 315–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13532944.2010.507931.

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Other Spaces is a collaborative creative arts exhibition project that explores visual and material expressions of cultural identity with a particular focus on museum collections. This project aims to provide a rich examination – visual, emotional and intellectual – of the multiple cultural narratives that contribute to the social fabric of Australia through a unique marriage of contemporary photomedia and creative writing practice. This project explores the ways that migrants and refugees have found to express their cultural identity through the material objects they have brought with them to Australia. Many of these objects are not only of great personal value but often of cultural, historical and religious significance. Some are very ordinary everyday objects but they can be highly evocative and symbolic of the relationship between culture and identity, and between the places of origin and an individual's present home in Australia. This article, through a combination of photography, creative text and scholarly discussion, will focus specifically on Italo-Australian migrants and on some of the material objects that they have donated to museum collections, and use these objects to explore notions of cultural belonging and identity.

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Shand, Allen John. "Recovery (2007)." British Journal of Psychiatry 197, no. 2 (August 2010): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.197.2.85.

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Allen Shand works as a general adult psychiatrist at Royal Cornhill Hospital, Aberdeen. He has always been an enthusiastic artist but only took up photography in 2004 while living in Melbourne, Australia where he worked as a registrar in psychiatry. He describes Recovery as follows:

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Davis, Tom R., David Harasti, and Stephen D. A. Smith. "Responses of Dendronephthya australis to predation by Dermatobranchus sp. nudibranchs." Marine and Freshwater Research 69, no. 1 (2018): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf17040.

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The soft coral Dendronephthya australis occurs only in large abundance within the tidal-dominated Port Stephens estuary in eastern Australia. In recent years, substantial declines in the spatial extent of D. australis within Port Stephens has led to calls for the species to be listed as ‘threatened’. The causes for these declines are likely to include a range of anthropogenic impacts, as well as natural effects such as predation by the nudibranch Dermatobranchus sp., which can be abundant in winter and spring. The responses of D. australis to the presence of Dermatobranchus sp. were studied at two sites in Port Stephens, using time-lapse and still photography combined with visual surveys. Dermatobranchus sp. was observed consuming D. australis polyps, and colony inflation and polyp expansion were both reduced when Dermatobranchus sp. was present. Although predation by Dermatobranchus sp. is a natural impact, our observations suggest that interactions with additional anthropogenic stressors may exacerbate its overall impact on the spatial extent and survival of the geographically restricted soft coral D. australis.

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Biggs, P. H. "Aerial tree volume functions for eucalypts in Western Australia." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 21, no. 12 (December 1, 1991): 1823–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x91-251.

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Large-scale, fixed-base aerial photography is being used together with ground sampling in a major inventory of eucalypt forest in Western Australia. This paper describes the aerial tree volume functions derived for that inventory, covering species in the jarrah (Eucalyptusmarginata) forest. The equations, derived from ground measurements, predict gross bole volume from estimates of total height and vary with the site quality of the forest. They are used to predict volume from photomeasurements of total height that have been corrected for measurement error. The functions appear suitable for this forest type, although the volumes of veteran trees with severely damaged crowns are underestimated.

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Gerster, Robin Christopher. "Take two: photography and the reconstruction of the post-war Australia/Japan relationship." History Australia 15, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 23–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14490854.2017.1413946.

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Brown, Terry M. "Transcending the colonial gaze: Empathy, agency and community in the South Pacific photography of John Watt Beattie1." Journal of New Zealand & Pacific Studies 8, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 151–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/nzps_00035_1.

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For three months in 1906, John Watt Beattie, the noted Australian photographer – at the invitation of the Anglican Bishop of Melanesia, Cecil Wilson – travelling on the church vessel the Southern Cross, photographed people and sites associated with the Melanesian Mission on Norfolk Island and present-day Vanuatu and Solomon Islands. Beattie reproduced many of the 1500-plus photographs from that trip, which he sold in various formats from his photographic studio in Hobart, Tasmania. The photographs constitute a priceless collection of Pacific images that began to be used very quickly in a variety of publications, with or without attribution. I shall examine some of these photographs in the context of the ethos of the Melanesian Mission, British colonialism in the Solomon Islands, and Beattie’s previous photographic experience. I shall argue that Beattie first exhibited a colonial gaze of objectifying his dehumanized exotic subjects (e.g. as ‘savages’ and ‘cannibals’) but with increased familiarity with them, became empathetic and admiring. In this change of attitude, I argue that he effectively transcended his colonial gaze to produce photographs of great empathy, beauty and longevity. At the same time, he became more critical of the colonial enterprise in the Pacific, whether government, commercial or church.

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Trinder, John C. "THE CURRENT STATUS OF MAPPING IN THE WORLD – SPOTLIGHT ON OCEANIA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B4 (June 13, 2016): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b4-95-2016.

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A summary is presented of the results of questionnaires sent to mapping agencies in Oceania, covering Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Island countries, to investigate the status of mapping in those countries. After World War II, the Australian Federal Government funded the initial small scale mapping of the whole country leading to increased percentages of map coverage of Australia. Mapping at larger scales is undertaken by the states and territories in Australia, including cadastral mapping. In New Zealand mapping is maintained by Land Information New Zealand (LINZ) at 1:50,000 scale and smaller with regular updating. The results of the questionnaires also demonstrate the extent of map coverage in six Pacific Islands, but there is little information available on the actual percent coverage. Overall there are estimated to be an increases in the percentages of coverage of most map scales in Oceania. However, there appear to be insufficient professionals in most Pacific Island countries to maintain the mapping programs. Given that many Pacific Island countries will be impacted by rising sea level in the future, better mapping of these countries is essential. The availability of modern technology especially satellite images, digital aerial photography and airborne lidar data should enable the Pacific Island countries to provide better map products in future, but this would depend on foreign aid on many occasions.

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Trinder, John C. "THE CURRENT STATUS OF MAPPING IN THE WORLD – SPOTLIGHT ON OCEANIA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B4 (June 13, 2016): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b4-95-2016.

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A summary is presented of the results of questionnaires sent to mapping agencies in Oceania, covering Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Island countries, to investigate the status of mapping in those countries. After World War II, the Australian Federal Government funded the initial small scale mapping of the whole country leading to increased percentages of map coverage of Australia. Mapping at larger scales is undertaken by the states and territories in Australia, including cadastral mapping. In New Zealand mapping is maintained by Land Information New Zealand (LINZ) at 1:50,000 scale and smaller with regular updating. The results of the questionnaires also demonstrate the extent of map coverage in six Pacific Islands, but there is little information available on the actual percent coverage. Overall there are estimated to be an increases in the percentages of coverage of most map scales in Oceania. However, there appear to be insufficient professionals in most Pacific Island countries to maintain the mapping programs. Given that many Pacific Island countries will be impacted by rising sea level in the future, better mapping of these countries is essential. The availability of modern technology especially satellite images, digital aerial photography and airborne lidar data should enable the Pacific Island countries to provide better map products in future, but this would depend on foreign aid on many occasions.

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Quinlan, Kirsty, Dorian Moro, and Mark Lund. "Improving trapping success for rare species by targeting habitat types using remotely sensed data: a case study of the heath mouse (Pseudomys shortridgei) in Western Australia." Wildlife Research 31, no. 2 (2004): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr03031.

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The rare heath mouse (Pseudomys shortridgei) is the only rodent lacking a conservation program in Western Australia. Little is known about the habitat requirements of P. shortridgei in Western Australia, and there is a lack of trapping focus that could target specific habitat components that this species may use. The purpose of this study was to (1) relate the occurrence of this species to measurable components of its habitat; (2) incorporate habitat information into a GIS modelling system to identify other areas of potentially suitable habitat; and (3) test for the presence of P. shortridgei in predicted areas. In Lake Magenta Nature Reserve, 93% of P. shortridgei captures (14�of 15 mice) were associated with characteristics of a mixed laterite heath community representing 57 plant species and a dense structural layer up to 1.2 m. Aerial photography and satellite imagery were used to identify the occurrence of mixed laterite heath elsewhere within the reserve. Ground-truthing using pre-defined habitat criteria found that the best predictive model to define habitat was aerial photography. Trapping was undertaken in two areas of the reserve predicted by the modelling and resulted in the successful capture of the target species. This study demonstrates that aerial photography maps can provide a basis for focusing future trapping effort within reserves where P. shortrigei is likely to occur. The use of this GIS method provides a low-cost and simple method for improving the chances of locating additional populations of P. shortridgei in other nature reserves.

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Fensham, R. J., and R. J. Fairfax. "Aerial photography for assessing vegetation change: a review of applications and the relevance of findings for Australian vegetation history." Australian Journal of Botany 50, no. 4 (2002): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt01032.

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Studies attempting to calibrate vegetation attributes from aerial photography with field data are reviewed in detail. It is concluded that aerial photography has considerable advantages over satellite-based data because of its capacity to assess the vertical dimension of vegetation and the longer time period the record spans. Limitations of using the aerial photo record as digital data include standardising image contrast and rectification. Some of these problems can be circumvented by manual techniques, but problems of crown exaggeration that varies with photo scale and variation in contrast between the textures of tree crowns and the ground remain. Applications of aerial photography for assessing vegetation change are also reviewed and include deforestation, reforestation, changes in vegetation boundaries, tree density, community composition and crown dieback. These changes have been assessed at scales ranging from individual tree crowns to regional landscapes. In Australia, aerial photography has provided a clear demonstration of deforestation rates and the expansion and contraction of forest and woodland, which is generally attributed to changes in grazing and fire regimes. It is suggested that manual techniques with point-based sampling, digital processing of data for complete spatial coverages and the application of photogrammetric measurements with stereo-plotters are all techniques with great promise for utilising this underrated medium for assessment of vegetation dynamics.

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Osmond, Gary. "Photographs, Materiality and Sport History: Peter Norman and the 1968 Mexico City Black Power Salute." Journal of Sport History 37, no. 1 (April 1, 2010): 119–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/jsporthistory.37.1.119.

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Abstract This article considers the ways in which Australian athlete Peter Norman is presented and represented through the famous photograph of the 1968 Mexico City Olympic games “Black Power” salute. Photographic images are not simple, neutral, or objective records of the past; various material acts influence and affect the ways images are interpreted and read. This article will explore the materiality of the 1968 photograph with particular reference to Peter Norman, who is at different times, and in varying ways, both obscured and emphasized. A materiality approach contributes to understandings of the potential importance of photographs as sources. Most typically, photographs have been used by sport historians as decorative complements to verbal text. Borrowing from recent theoretical work on photographic materiality, by anthropologists and geographers in particular, this article sees photographs as supplementary to the written word, and offering new insights into how knowledge about the past is produced.

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Clark, Andrew, and Joel McKechnie. "Detecting Banana Plantations in the Wet Tropics, Australia, Using Aerial Photography and U-Net." Applied Sciences 10, no. 6 (March 16, 2020): 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10062017.

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Bananas are the world’s most popular fruit and an important staple food source. Recent outbreaks of Panama TR4 disease are threatening the global banana industry, which is worth an estimated $8 billion. Current methods to map land uses are time- and resource-intensive and result in delays in the timely release of data. We have used existing land use mapping to train a U-Net neural network to detect banana plantations in the Wet Tropics of Queensland, Australia, using high-resolution aerial photography. Accuracy assessments, based on a stratified random sample of points, revealed the classification achieves a user’s accuracy of 98% and a producer’s accuracy of 96%. This is more accurate compared to existing (manual) methods, which achieved a user’s and producer’s accuracy of 86% and 92% respectively. Using a neural network is substantially more efficient than manual methods and can inform a more rapid respond to existing and new biosecurity threats. The method is robust and repeatable and has potential for mapping other commodities and land uses which is the focus of future work.

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Biggs, P. H., and R. D. Spencer. "New approaches to extensive forest inventory in Western Australia using large-scale aerial photography." Australian Forestry 53, no. 3 (January 1990): 182–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049158.1990.10676076.

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C Ellison, Joanna. "Analysis of beach and foredune changes by aerial photography and topographic profiles, Tasmania, Australia." Journal of Aquaculture & Marine Biology 9, no. 4 (August 4, 2020): 114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jamb.2020.09.00286.

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Fensham, R. J., R. J. Fairfax, D. Pocknee, and J. Kelley. "Vegetation patterns in permanent spring wetlands in arid Australia." Australian Journal of Botany 52, no. 6 (2004): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt04043.

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A transect-based quadrat survey was conducted within 11 spring wetlands fed by permanent groundwater flows from the Great Artesian Basin at Elizabeth Springs in western Queensland. Flow patterns within individual wetlands change with sedimentation associated with mound building, siltation of abandoned drains and changes in aquifer pressure associated with artificial extraction from bores. The pattern of floristic groups for the wetland quadrats was poorly related to soil texture, water pH, slope and topographic position. Patterns were most clearly related to wetland age as determined from aerial photography, with a clear successional sequence from mono-specific stands of Cyperus laevigatus on newly formed wetland areas to more diverse wetland assemblages. However, evidence from other Great Artesian Basin springs suggests that succession can also result in reduced species richness where the palatable tall reed Phragmites australis develops mono-specific stands.

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Le, Giang Nguyen H., Vuong Tran, and Trang Thuy Le. "Combining Photography and Duoethnography for Creating a Trioethnography Approach to Reflect Upon Educational Issues Amidst the COVID-19 Global Pandemic." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 20 (January 2021): 160940692110343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16094069211031127.

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This study proposes a new research design, combining duoethnography and photography into a trioethnography that opens an artful lens through which educational changes, emerging and unfixed problems, and unexplored/unseen values and hopes were examined. Central to this trioethnography was voices of three Vietnamese doctoral students with transnational experiences in Canada and Australia, around three educational topics: researcher positionality, education inequity, and mindfulness in relation to the global crisis within and beyond higher education contexts. Living transnationally in these insecure and rocky times of a pandemic gives us a unique opportunity to contemplate the global educational shifts, moves, and changes in and after the crisis. We formed our discussions in the three circles of the Indigenous approach, in which we shared cultural artifacts, such as photographs, and used them as the catalysts for personal and interactive reflections. Taking up the spirit of duoethnography, we have seen that findings might be emerging from our dialogues and discussions; we gathered three different voices of contemplative educators to juxtapose our diverse perspectives and experiences of how education is changing, evolving, and shifting significantly amidst the COVID-19. In this process, we have shown efforts in progressing the traditional methodological practices of duoethnography through our trioethnographic conversations. Within the back-and-forth conversations, we have seen multiple facets of our narrative experiences through photographs, including personal sophisticated emotions, struggles, hopes, and losses.

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Thomas, B. M. "IN FOR THE LONG HAUL - 50 YEARS OF SHELL EXPLORATION IN AUSTRALIA." APPEA Journal 30, no. 1 (1990): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj89032.

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On 27th November, 1939 Shell was awarded its first exploration concession in Australia. The initial holdings covered much of southern Queensland, including parts of the Eromanga, Surat and Bowen Basins. An exploration programme involving field geology, aerial photography, a gravity survey and shallow structural drilling preceded a 'deep test' in 1950, Morella-1, located in the Denison Trough near Springsure. In the course of the venture, Shell was responsible for the first effective application of several modern techniques to petroleum exploration in Australia, including geophysics, organic geochemistry and wireline logging. Although disappointing results led to relinquishment of this first area, Shell has continued to explore in Australia, initially through participation in the WAPET and North West Shelf consortia, and from 1962 in a series of other ventures throughout the country. The rewards, in terms of Shell equity reserves, total some 1.7 billion barrels of oil equivalent at an exploration cost since 1964 of 1.1 billion dollars (1988 equivalent value).

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Mogoutnov, Alena, and Jackie Venning. "Remnant tree decline in agricultural regions of South Australia." Pacific Conservation Biology 20, no. 4 (2014): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc140366.

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Agricultural landscapes in southern Australia were once dominated by temperate eucalypt woodlands of which only fragmented patches and scattered trees in paddocks remain. This study focuses on the decline of scattered trees in the Mount Lofty Ranges and South East agricultural regions of South Australia. A combination of digitized aerial photography and satellite imagery was used to extend a previous assessment of decline undertaken in the early 1980s and increase the period over which decline was assessed to 58–72 years. A total of 17 049 scattered trees were counted from the earliest time period assessed over 11 sites of which 6 185 trees were lost by 2008 — a 36 % decline. Recruitment of 2 179 trees during this period was evident. Imagery indicates that clearing for agricultural intensification is the primary cause of the decline. A range of management options and policy settings are required to reverse the decline notwithstanding the challenges of implementation at a landscape scale across privately owned land.

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Fensham, Roderick John, Sama J. Low Choy, Russell James Fairfax, and Paul C. Cavallaro. "Modelling trends in woody vegetation structure in semi-arid Australia as determined from aerial photography." Journal of Environmental Management 68, no. 4 (August 2003): 421–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-4797(03)00111-7.

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Nicholls, Christine. "Re‐take:Contemporary aboriginal and Torres strait islander photography, a national gallery of Australia Travelling Exhibition." Journal of Australian Studies 24, no. 64 (January 2000): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14443050009387561.

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Banfai, Daniel S., and David M. J. S. Bowman. "Dynamics of a savanna-forest mosaic in the Australian monsoon tropics inferred from stand structures and historical aerial photography." Australian Journal of Botany 53, no. 3 (2005): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt04141.

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Stratified ground-truthing was undertaken within an area of approximately 30 km2 of tropical savanna across an abrupt sandstone escarpment in the monsoon tropics of Australia. Comparison of aerial photographs from 1941 and 1994 had previously revealed a landscape-wide expansion of closed forest and contraction of grassland patches. Good congruence between field measurements and the vegetation classifications from the 1994 aerial photography supported the authenticity of the vegetation changes. The relative abundance of rainforest and non-rainforest tree species also concurred with mapped vegetation transitions. Changes in individual size classes of rainforest species, which are relatively fire sensitive, were consistent with the primacy of fire in controlling the distribution of the closed-forest formation. Fire scars previously mapped from satellite imagery were used to derive a fire activity index for contrasting vegetation transitions. Savannas that had converted to closed forest had lower fire activity than did stable savannas. Conversely, closed forests that converted to savanna had the highest fire activity index. The landscape-wide expansion of rainforest is associated with the cessation of Aboriginal fire management, possibly in conjunction with elevated CO2 and increasing annual rainfall.

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Zerwes, Erika. "A trajetória esquecida da fotógrafa Margaret Michaelis: entrevista com Helen Ennis * The forgotten history of photographer Margaret Michaelis: interview with Helen Ennis." História e Cultura 5, no. 3 (December 14, 2016): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.18223/hiscult.v5i3.1792.

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Esta entrevista com a australiana Helen Ennis, curadora e professora de história da arte na Australian National University, busca jogar luz sobre a vida e obra da fotógrafa Margaret Michaelis (1902-1985). Ennis foi a autora da única biografia existente até o momento sobre Michaelis, além de ter sido a responsável pela incorporação do arquivo da fotógrafa na National Gallery of Australia, e pela exposição “Margaret Michaelis: Love, loss and photography”, realizada naquela instituição em 2005. Ennis recuperou, depois de quase quarenta anos esquecida, a rica obra fotográfica e história de vida de Michaelis, austríaca de nascimento, que estudou fotografia em Berlim nos anos de 1920, mas que, por sua origem judaica e sua militância anarquista, fugiu primeiro para a Espanha, onde fotografou a Guerra Civil Espanhola pelo lado republicano, depois para Londres, e, finalmente, para a Austrália. Lá ela viveu sob vigilância política no pós Segunda Guerra, e no anonimato profissional e artístico até sua morte, em 1985.

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Perry, Barbara. "The Pictorial Collection of the National Library of Australia." Art Libraries Journal 13, no. 1 (1988): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200005526.

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The National Library of Australia at Canberra includes a Pictorial Collection comprising paintings, drawings, prints and photographs which illustrate the history of Australia. The Collection is being actively developed, the ultimate goal being a comprehensive visual record of all aspects of Australian life. The Collection is open to the public, and is served by a photographic unit; a selection of pictures are always on display, and items are lent to exhibitions elsewhere. A publications programme is to culminate in the production of an illustrated catalogue. Data on selected items in the Collection is being entered into the Australian Bibliographic Network database.

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Fensham, RJ, and JE Holman. "The Use of the Land Survey Record to Assess Changes in Vegetation Structure. A Case Study From the Darling Downs, Queensland, Australia." Rangeland Journal 20, no. 1 (1998): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj9980132.

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Fifteen references to vegetation structure from the historical land survey record for the eastern Darling Downs were calibrated with historical photographs to determine the use of the surveyors' structural terminology (Open: 'open', 'light': Dense: 'heavy', 'thick', 'dense'). Sites with less than 40% canopy cover were only described by terms included within the Open category, and sites with greater than 50% canopy cover were only described by terms included within the Dense category. These results provide calibrations of the surveyors' structural terminology indicating terms were unambiguously applied outside the 40-50% canopy cover range. The use of corner tree distances as an absolute measure of vegetation density is warned against because corner trees had to meet certain criteria and were not necessarily the nearest tree to any corner. However, the distance from allotment corners to "corner trees" provided a measure of the relative use of the surveyor's structural epithets and is consistent with standard application among their fraternity. Survey records dating from 1864-1910 were compared with the structure of existing remnants (projective crown cover measured from recent 1:25,000 aerial photography) to assess changes in vegetation structure. The analysis suggests that 88% of the 34 sites included in the analysis have not changed from the broad structural category that was assigned by the surveyors. Using the assumptions developed by this study, two sites were assessed as having thickened substantially. These results suggest that only minor vegetation thickening has occurred in the Darling Downs since the early land surveys. This conclusion is supported by direct comparison of the historical photographs with existing remnants. indicating that only one site out of 17 has thickened substantially.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Photography Australia'

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