Journal articles on the topic 'Photogrammetry Data processing'
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1
Zheng, S. Y., L. Gui, X. N. Wang, and D. Ma. "A real-time photogrammetry system based on embedded architecture." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5 (June 6, 2014): 633–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-633-2014.
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In order to meet the demand of real-time spatial data processing and improve the online processing capability of photogrammetric system, a kind of real-time photogrammetry method is proposed in this paper. According to the proposed method, system based on embedded architecture is then designed: using FPGA, ARM+DSP and other embedded computing technology to build specialized hardware operating environment, transplanting and optimizing the existing photogrammetric algorithm to the embedded system, and finally real-time photogrammetric data processing is realized. At last, aerial photogrammetric experiment shows that the method can achieve high-speed and stable on-line processing of photogrammetric data. And the experiment also verifies the feasibility of the proposed real-time photogrammetric system based on embedded architecture. It is the first time to realize real-time aerial photogrammetric system, which can improve the online processing efficiency of photogrammetry to a higher level and broaden the application field of photogrammetry.
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Bruno, N., S. Mikolajewska, R. Roncella, and A. Zerbi. "INTEGRATED PROCESSING OF PHOTOGRAMMETRIC AND LASER SCANNING DATA FOR FRESCOES RESTORATION." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-2/W1-2022 (February 25, 2022): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-2-w1-2022-105-2022.
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Abstract. The integration of photogrammetry and Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) techniques is often desirable for Cultural Heritage digitization, especially when high metric and radiometric accuracy is required, as for the documentation and restoration of frescoed spaces. Despite the many technological and methodological advances in both techniques, their full integration is still not straightforward. The paper investigates a methodology where TLS and photogrammetric data are processed together through an image matching process between RGB panoramas acquired by the scanner’s integrated camera and frame imagery acquired through photographic equipment. The co-registration is performed without any Ground Control Point (GCP) but using the automatically extracted tie points and the known Exterior Orientation parameters of the panoramas (gathered from TLS data original registration) to set the ground reference. The procedure allowed for effective integrated processing with the possibility of take benefit from TLS and photogrammetry pros and demonstrated to be reliable even with low overlap between photogrammetric images.
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Feng, C., D. Yu, Y. Liang, D. Guo, Q. Wang, and X. Cui. "ASSESSMENT OF INFLUENCE OF IMAGE PROCESSING ON FULLY AUTOMATIC UAV PHOTOGRAMMETRY." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W13 (June 4, 2019): 269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w13-269-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Nowadays UAVs have been widely used for large scale surveying and mapping. Compared with traditional surveying techniques, UAV photogrammetry is more convenient, cost-effective, and responsive. Aerial images, Position and Orientation System (POS) observations and coordinates of ground control points are usually acquired during a surveying campaign. Aerial images are the data source of feature point extraction, dense matching and ortho-rectification procedures. The quality of the images is one of the most important factors that influence the accuracy and efficiency of UAV photogrammetry. Image processing techniques including image enhancement, image downsampling and image compression are usually used to improve the image quality as well as the efficiency and effectiveness of the photogrammetric data processing. However, all of these image processing techniques bring in uncertainties to the UAV photogrammetry. In this work, the influences of the aforementioned image processing techniques on the accuracy of the automatic UAV photogrammetry are investigated. The automatic photogrammetric data processing mainly consists of image matching, relative orientation, absolute orientation, dense matching, DSM interpolation and orthomosaicing. The results of the experiments show that the influences of the image processing techniques on the accuracy of automatic UAV photogrammetry are insignificant. The image orientation and surface reconstruction accuracies of the original and the enhanced images are comparable. The feature points extraction and image matching procedures are greatly influenced by image downsampling. The accuracies of the image orientations are not influenced by image downsampling and image compression at all.</p>
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Dlesk, A., K. Vach, and P. Holubec. "ANALYSIS OF POSSIBILITIES OF LOW-COST PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR INTERIOR MAPPING." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-5/W3 (December 5, 2019): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-5-w3-27-2019.
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Abstract. This paper shows the possibilities of using low-cost photogrammetry for interior mapping as a tool to gather fast and accurate data for 3D modelling and BIM. To create a 3D model of a building interior with a high level of detail requires techniques such as laser scanning and photogrammetry. In the case of photogrammetry, it is possible to use standard cameras and SfM software to create an accurate point cloud which can be used for 3D modelling and then for BIM. The images captured indoor are often captured under lower light conditions. Using different exposure during capturing of images of building interior was tested. Frequent plain walls of a building interior cause that the images are usually lack of any features and their photogrammetric processing is getting much more difficult. In some cases, results of photogrammetric processing are poor and inaccurate. In this paper, an experiment of creating a 3D model of a building interior using photogrammetric processing of images was carried out. For this experiment digital camera with two different lenses (16 mm lens and fisheye lens) was used. For photogrammetric processing were chosen different software. All the results were compared to each other and to the laser scanning data of the interior. At the end of the paper, the discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of the shown method has been made.
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Hudec, P. "Analysis of accuracy of digital elevation models created from captured data by digital photogrammetry method." Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering 19, no. 4 (December 1, 2011): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10189-011-0021-0.
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Analysis of accuracy of digital elevation models created from captured data by digital photogrammetry methodA digital elevation model (DEM) is an important part of many geoinformatic applications. For the creation of DEM, spatial data collected by geodetic measurements in the field, photogrammetric processing of aerial survey photographs, laser scanning and secondary sources (analogue maps) are used. It is very important from a user's point of view to know the vertical accuracy of a DEM. The article describes the verification of the vertical accuracy of a DEM for the region of Medzibodrožie, which was created using digital photogrammetry for the purposes of water resources management and modeling and resolving flood cases based on geodetic measurements in the field.
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Zawieska, Dorota, and Zdzisław Kurczyński. "Photogrammetry at the Warsaw University of Technology – Past and Present." Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics 100, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 221–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rgg-2016-0015.
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Abstract The Department of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems at the Warsaw University of Technology is one of six organizational units of the Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography. The photogrammetry has been under interest of scientists in Faculty for over 90 years. The last decades has been characterized by the incredible development of photogrammetric technologies, mainly towards wide automation and popularization of derivative products for processing data acquired at satellite, aerial, and terrestrial levels. The paper presents achievements of scientists employed in Photogrammetric Research Group during last decades related to projects that were carried out in this department.
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Eliopoulos, Nicholas J., Yezhi Shen, Minh Luong Nguyen, Vaastav Arora, Yuxin Zhang, Guofan Shao, Keith Woeste, and Yung-Hsiang Lu. "Rapid Tree Diameter Computation with Terrestrial Stereoscopic Photogrammetry." Journal of Forestry 118, no. 4 (March 24, 2020): 355–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jofore/fvaa009.
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Abstract Forest inventorying is time-consuming and expensive. Recent research involving photogrammetry promises to reduce the cost of inventorying. Existing photogrammetry methods require substantial data-processing time, however. Our aim was to reduce data-acquisition and processing times while obtaining relatively accurate diameter estimates compared to manual and other digital measurements. We developed an algorithm to identify the ground and measure diameter at breast height (dbh) or any height along a stem from the recorded video footage of trees taken with a stereo camera. Footage acquisition time, dbh root mean square error, and mean absolute error were used as comparison metrics with other methods. The time to perform three recordings for 40 trees was about 30 minutes. We recorded data at 1 m, 3 m, and 5 m from the trunk, and our dbh root mean square errors were 1.28 cm (0.50 in.), 1.47 cm (0.58 in.), and 2.57 cm (1.01 in.), respectively, using manual measures as the control. This terrestrial stereoscopic photogrammetric method is much more efficient computationally than popular terrestrial structure-from-motion photogrammetry and substantially lowers time, costs, and complexity for data acquisition and processing compared with terrestrial laser scanning.
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Belmonte, A. A., M. M. P. Biong, and E. G. Macatulad. "DEM GENERATION FROM CLOSE-RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY USING EXTENDED PYTHON PHOTOGRAMMETRY TOOLBOX." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W5 (October 5, 2017): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w5-11-2017.
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Digital elevation models (DEMs) are widely used raster data for different applications concerning terrain, such as for flood modelling, viewshed analysis, mining, land development, engineering design projects, to name a few. DEMs can be obtained through various methods, including topographic survey, LiDAR or photogrammetry, and internet sources. Terrestrial close-range photogrammetry is one of the alternative methods to produce DEMs through the processing of images using photogrammetry software. There are already powerful photogrammetry software that are commercially-available and can produce high-accuracy DEMs. However, this entails corresponding cost. Although, some of these software have free or demo trials, these trials have limits in their usable features and usage time. One alternative is the use of free and open-source software (FOSS), such as the Python Photogrammetry Toolbox (PPT), which provides an interface for performing photogrammetric processes implemented through python script. For relatively small areas such as in mining or construction excavation, a relatively inexpensive, fast and accurate method would be advantageous. In this study, PPT was used to generate 3D point cloud data from images of an open pit excavation. The PPT was extended to add an algorithm converting the generated point cloud data into a usable DEM.
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Luhmann, T. "Learning Photogrammetry with Interactive Software Tool PhoX." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B6 (June 17, 2016): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b6-39-2016.
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Photogrammetry is a complex topic in high-level university teaching, especially in the fields of geodesy, geoinformatics and metrology where high quality results are demanded. In addition, more and more black-box solutions for 3D image processing and point cloud generation are available that generate nice results easily, e.g. by structure-from-motion approaches. Within this context, the classical approach of teaching photogrammetry (e.g. focusing on aerial stereophotogrammetry) has to be reformed in order to educate students and professionals with new topics and provide them with more information behind the scene. Since around 20 years photogrammetry courses at the Jade University of Applied Sciences in Oldenburg, Germany, include the use of digital photogrammetry software that provide individual exercises, deep analysis of calculation results and a wide range of visualization tools for almost all standard tasks in photogrammetry. During the last years the software package PhoX has been developed that is part of a new didactic concept in photogrammetry and related subjects. It also serves as analysis tool in recent research projects. PhoX consists of a project-oriented data structure for images, image data, measured points and features and 3D objects. It allows for almost all basic photogrammetric measurement tools, image processing, calculation methods, graphical analysis functions, simulations and much more. <br><br> Students use the program in order to conduct predefined exercises where they have the opportunity to analyse results in a high level of detail. This includes the analysis of statistical quality parameters but also the meaning of transformation parameters, rotation matrices, calibration and orientation data. As one specific advantage, PhoX allows for the interactive modification of single parameters and the direct view of the resulting effect in image or object space.
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Luhmann, T. "Learning Photogrammetry with Interactive Software Tool PhoX." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B6 (June 17, 2016): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b6-39-2016.
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Photogrammetry is a complex topic in high-level university teaching, especially in the fields of geodesy, geoinformatics and metrology where high quality results are demanded. In addition, more and more black-box solutions for 3D image processing and point cloud generation are available that generate nice results easily, e.g. by structure-from-motion approaches. Within this context, the classical approach of teaching photogrammetry (e.g. focusing on aerial stereophotogrammetry) has to be reformed in order to educate students and professionals with new topics and provide them with more information behind the scene. Since around 20 years photogrammetry courses at the Jade University of Applied Sciences in Oldenburg, Germany, include the use of digital photogrammetry software that provide individual exercises, deep analysis of calculation results and a wide range of visualization tools for almost all standard tasks in photogrammetry. During the last years the software package PhoX has been developed that is part of a new didactic concept in photogrammetry and related subjects. It also serves as analysis tool in recent research projects. PhoX consists of a project-oriented data structure for images, image data, measured points and features and 3D objects. It allows for almost all basic photogrammetric measurement tools, image processing, calculation methods, graphical analysis functions, simulations and much more. <br><br> Students use the program in order to conduct predefined exercises where they have the opportunity to analyse results in a high level of detail. This includes the analysis of statistical quality parameters but also the meaning of transformation parameters, rotation matrices, calibration and orientation data. As one specific advantage, PhoX allows for the interactive modification of single parameters and the direct view of the resulting effect in image or object space.
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Scaioni, M., L. Barazzetti, M. Corti, J. Crippa, R. S. Azzoni, D. Fugazza, M. Cernuschi, and G. A. Diolaiuti. "INTEGRATION OF TERRESTRIAL AND UAV PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF COLLAPSE RISK IN ALPINE GLACIERS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W4 (March 6, 2018): 445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w4-445-2018.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The application of Structure-from-Motion photogrammetry with ground-based and UAV-based camera stations can be effectively exploited for modeling the topographic surface of Alpine glaciers. Multi-temporal repeated surveys may lead to geometric models that may be applied to analyze the glacier retreat under global warming conditions. Here the case study of Forni Glacier in the Italian Alps is presented. Thanks to the integration of point clouds obtained from the independent photogrammetric processing of ground-based and UAV blocks of images (captured on 2016), a complete 3D reconstruction also including vertical and sub-vertical surfaces has been achieved. This 3D model, compared to a second model obtained from a ground-based photogrammetric survey on September 2017, has been exploited to understand the precursory signal of a big collapse that might have involved tourists and hikers visiting the glacier ice tongue during summer. In addition to some technical aspects related to the acquisition and processing of photogrammetric data of glaciers, this paper highlights how Structure-from-Motion photogrammetry may help evaluate the risk of collapse in Alpine glaciers.</p>
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Ruzgienė, Birutė, Renata Bagdžiūnaitė, and Vilma Ruginytė. "SCANNING AERIAL PHOTOS USING A NON-PROFESSIONAL SCANNER." Geodesy and Cartography 38, no. 3 (October 1, 2012): 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20296991.2012.728901.
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For scanning analog aerial photographs, digital photogrammetry requires specific and expensive photogrammetric scanners. However, we only have a simple A4 format scanner useful for solving some special photogrammetric tasks applied for analyzing the possibilities of scanning photographic material. The paper investigates the peculiarities of scanning analog aerial photos using the scanner processing pictures smaller than an A4 format. The achieved results are compared with digital data obtained using a professional photogrammetric scanner. Experimental photogrammetric measurements have showed that the results of aerial photographs scanned by a nonprofessional scanner satisfy accuracy requirements for topographic mapping at a scale of 1:5000.
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Sieberth, T., R. Wackrow, V. Hofer, and V. Barrera. "LIGHT FIELD CAMERA AS TOOL FOR FORENSIC PHOTOGRAMMETRY." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-1 (September 26, 2018): 393–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-1-393-2018.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Light field cameras record both the light intensity received by the sensor and the direction in which the light rays are travelling through space. Recording the additional information of the direction of Light rays provides the opportunity to refocus an image after acquisition. Furthermore, a depth image can be created, providing 3D information for each image pixel. Both, focused images and 3D information are relevant for forensic investigations. Basic overview images are often acquired by photographic novices and under difficult conditions, which make refocusing of images a useful feature to enhance information for documentation purposes. Besides focused images, it can also be useful to have 3D data of an incident scene. Capital crime scenes such as homicide are usually documented in 3D using laser scanning. However, not every crime scene can be identified as capital crime scene straight away but only in the course of the investigation, making 3D data acquisition of the discovery situation impossible. If this is the case, light field images taken during the discovery of the scene can provide substantial 3D data. We will present how light field images are refocused and used to perform photogrammetric reconstruction of a scene and compare the generated 3D model to standard photogrammetry and laser scanning data. The results show that refocused light field images used for photogrammetry can improve the photogrammetry result and aid photogrammetric processing.</p>
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Eltner, A., D. Schneider, and H. G. Maas. "INTEGRATED PROCESSING OF HIGH RESOLUTION TOPOGRAPHIC DATA FOR SOIL EROSION ASSESSMENT CONSIDERING DATA ACQUISITION SCHEMES AND SURFACE PROPERTIES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B5 (June 16, 2016): 813–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b5-813-2016.
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Soil erosion is a decisive earth surface process strongly influencing the fertility of arable land. Several options exist to detect soil erosion at the scale of large field plots (here 600 m²), which comprise different advantages and disadvantages depending on the applied method. In this study, the benefits of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) are exploited to quantify soil surface changes. Beforehand data combination, TLS data is co-registered to the DEMs generated with UAV photogrammetry. TLS data is used to detect global as well as local errors in the DEMs calculated from UAV images. Additionally, TLS data is considered for vegetation filtering. Complimentary, DEMs from UAV photogrammetry are utilised to detect systematic TLS errors and to further filter TLS point clouds in regard to unfavourable scan geometry (i.e. incidence angle and footprint) on gentle hillslopes. In addition, surface roughness is integrated as an important parameter to evaluate TLS point reliability because of the increasing footprints and thus area of signal reflection with increasing distance to the scanning device. The developed fusion tool allows for the estimation of reliable data points from each data source, considering the data acquisition geometry and surface properties, to finally merge both data sets into a single soil surface model. Data fusion is performed for three different field campaigns at a Mediterranean field plot. Successive DEM evaluation reveals continuous decrease of soil surface roughness, reappearance of former wheel tracks and local soil particle relocation patterns.
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Eltner, A., D. Schneider, and H. G. Maas. "INTEGRATED PROCESSING OF HIGH RESOLUTION TOPOGRAPHIC DATA FOR SOIL EROSION ASSESSMENT CONSIDERING DATA ACQUISITION SCHEMES AND SURFACE PROPERTIES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B5 (June 16, 2016): 813–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b5-813-2016.
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Soil erosion is a decisive earth surface process strongly influencing the fertility of arable land. Several options exist to detect soil erosion at the scale of large field plots (here 600 m²), which comprise different advantages and disadvantages depending on the applied method. In this study, the benefits of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) are exploited to quantify soil surface changes. Beforehand data combination, TLS data is co-registered to the DEMs generated with UAV photogrammetry. TLS data is used to detect global as well as local errors in the DEMs calculated from UAV images. Additionally, TLS data is considered for vegetation filtering. Complimentary, DEMs from UAV photogrammetry are utilised to detect systematic TLS errors and to further filter TLS point clouds in regard to unfavourable scan geometry (i.e. incidence angle and footprint) on gentle hillslopes. In addition, surface roughness is integrated as an important parameter to evaluate TLS point reliability because of the increasing footprints and thus area of signal reflection with increasing distance to the scanning device. The developed fusion tool allows for the estimation of reliable data points from each data source, considering the data acquisition geometry and surface properties, to finally merge both data sets into a single soil surface model. Data fusion is performed for three different field campaigns at a Mediterranean field plot. Successive DEM evaluation reveals continuous decrease of soil surface roughness, reappearance of former wheel tracks and local soil particle relocation patterns.
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Marčiš, Marián, Marek Fraštia, and Tomáš Augustín. "Measurement of Flat Slab Deformations by the Multi-Image Photogrammetry Method." Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering 25, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjce-2017-0019.
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Abstract The use of photogrammetry during load tests of building components is a common practise all over the world. It is very effective thanks to its contactless approach, 3D measurement, fast data collection, and partial or full automation of image processing; it can deliver very accurate results. Multi-image convergent photogrammetry supported by artificial coded targets is the most accurate photogrammetric method when the targets are detected in an image with a higher degree of accuracy than a 0.1 pixel. It is possible to achieve an accuracy of 0.03 mm for all the points measured on the object observed if the camera is close enough to the object, and the positions of the camera and the number of shots are precisely planned. This contribution deals with the design of a special hanging frame for a DSLR camera used during the photogrammetric measurement of the deformation of flat concrete slab. The results of the photogrammetric measurements are compared to the results from traditional contact measurement techniques during load tests.
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Condorelli, Francesca. "Processing historical photographs and film footage with Photogrammetry and Artificial Intelligence for Cultural Heritage documentation and virtual reconstruction." ELCVIA Electronic Letters on Computer Vision and Image Analysis 19, no. 2 (January 12, 2021): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/elcvia.1323.
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The specific objective of this thesis is to offer an excursion through the metric potentialities of different data available in historical archives, by considering the essential role of photogrammetry. The aim is to explore how metric information about buildings which no longer exist or transformed over time could be extracted from old photographs and videos of different quality, for their 3D virtual reconstruction analysing the material stored in historical archives to support researchers and experts in historical research of Cultural Heritage.In order to process these data and to obtain metrically certified results, a modification of the algorithms of the standard photogrammetric pipeline was necessary. This purpose was achieved with the use of open-source Structure-from-Motion algorithms and the creation of a specific benchmark to compare the results.Besides the processing of historical photograph, photogrammetry is combined with Artificial Intelligence to improve ways to search for architectural heritage in video material and to reduce the effort of manually examining them by the operator in the archive in terms of efficiency and time.
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Stal, Cornelis, Cristina Covataru, Johannes Müller, Valentin Parnic, Theodor Ignat, Robert Hofmann, and Catalin Lazar. "Supporting Long-Term Archaeological Research in Southern Romania Chalcolithic Sites Using Multi-Platform UAV Mapping." Drones 6, no. 10 (September 26, 2022): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones6100277.
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Spatial data play a crucial role in archaeological research, and orthophotos, digital elevation models, and 3D models are frequently used for the mapping, documentation, and monitoring of archaeological sites. Thanks to the availability of compact and low-cost uncrewed airborne vehicles, the use of UAV-based photogrammetry matured in this field over the past two decades. More recently, compact airborne systems are also available that allow the recording of thermal data, multispectral data, and airborne laser scanning. In this article, various platforms and sensors are applied at the Chalcolithic archaeological sites in the Mostiștea Basin and Danube Valley (Southern Romania). By analysing the performance of the systems and the resulting data, insight is given into the selection of the appropriate system for the right application. This analysis requires thorough knowledge of data acquisition and data processing, as well. As both laser scanning and photogrammetry typically result in very large amounts of data, a special focus is also required on the storage and publication of the data. Hence, the objective of this article is to provide a full overview of various aspects of 3D data acquisition for UAV-based mapping. Based on the conclusions drawn in this article, it is stated that photogrammetry and laser scanning can result in data with similar geometrical properties when acquisition parameters are appropriately set. On the one hand, the used ALS-based system outperforms the photogrammetric platforms in terms of operational time and the area covered. On the other hand, conventional photogrammetry provides flexibility that might be required for very low-altitude flights, or emergency mapping. Furthermore, as the used ALS sensor only provides a geometrical representation of the topography, photogrammetric sensors are still required to obtain true colour or false colour composites of the surface. Lastly, the variety of data, such as pre- and post-rendered raster data, 3D models, and point clouds, requires the implementation of multiple methods for the online publication of data. Various client-side and server-side solutions are presented to make the data available for other researchers.
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Burdziakowski, Pawel, and Pawel Tysiac. "Combined Close Range Photogrammetry and Terrestrial Laser Scanning for Ship Hull Modelling." Geosciences 9, no. 5 (May 26, 2019): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9050242.
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The paper addresses the fields of combined close-range photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning in the light of ship modelling. The authors pointed out precision and measurement accuracy due to their possible complex application for ship hulls inventories. Due to prescribed vitality of every ship structure, it is crucial to prepare documentation to support the vessel processes. The presented methods are directed, combined photogrammetric techniques in ship hull inventory due to submarines. The class of photogrammetry techniques based on high quality photos are supposed to be relevant techniques of the inventories’ purpose. An innovative approach combines these methods with Terrestrial Laser Scanning. The process stages of data acquisition, post-processing, and result analysis are presented and discussed due to market requirements. Advantages and disadvantages of the applied methods are presented.
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Sánchez-García, Elena, Ángel Balaguer-Beser, and Josep Eliseu Pardo-Pascual. "Photogrammetry and image processing techniques for beach monitoring." Revista de Teledetección, no. 56 (November 27, 2020): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/raet.2020.14107.
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<p>The land-water boundary varies according to the sea level and the shape of a beach profile that is continuously modelled by incident waves. Attempting to model the response of a landscape as geomorphologically volatile as beaches requires multiple precise measurements to recognize responses to the actions of various geomorphic agents. It is therefore essential to have monitoring systems capable of systematically recording the shoreline accurately and effectively. New methods and tools are required to efficiently capture, characterize, and analyze information – and so obtain geomorphologically significant indicators. This is the aim of the doctoral thesis, focusing on the development of tools and procedures for coastal monitoring using satellite images and terrestrial photographs. The work brings satellite image processing and photogrammetric solutions to scientists, engineers, and coastal managers by providing results that demonstrate the usefulness of these viable and lowcost techniques. Existing and freely accessible public information (satellite images, video-derived data, or crowdsourced photographs) can be converted into high quality data for monitoring morphological changes on beaches and thus help achieve a sustainable management of coastal resources.</p>
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Song, S., and R. Qin. "A NOVEL INTRINSIC IMAGE DECOMPOSITION METHOD TO RECOVER ALBEDO FOR AERIAL IMAGES IN PHOTOGRAMMETRY PROCESSING." ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences V-2-2022 (May 17, 2022): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-v-2-2022-23-2022.
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Abstract. Recovering surface albedos from photogrammetric images for realistic rendering and synthetic environments can greatly facilitate its downstream applications in VR/AR/MR and digital twins. The textured 3D models from standard photogrammetric pipelines are suboptimal to these applications because these textures are directly derived from images, which intrinsically embedded the spatially and temporally variant environmental lighting information, such as the sun illumination, direction, causing different looks of the surface, making such models less realistic when used in 3D rendering under synthetic lightings. On the other hand, since albedo images are less variable by environmental lighting, it can, in turn, benefit basic photogrammetric processing. In this paper, we attack the problem of albedo recovery for aerial images for the photogrammetric process and demonstrate the benefit of albedo recovery for photogrammetry data processing through enhanced feature matching and dense matching. To this end, we proposed an image formation model with respect to outdoor aerial imagery under natural illumination conditions; we then, derived the inverse model to estimate the albedo by utilizing the typical photogrammetric products as an initial approximation of the geometry. The estimated albedo images are tested in intrinsic image decomposition, relighting, feature matching, and dense matching/point cloud generation results. Both synthetic and real-world experiments have demonstrated that our method outperforms existing methods and can enhance photogrammetric processing.
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Sviridov, V. V., D. V. Kotsyuk, and E. V. Podorozhnyuk. "Photogrammetric counts of pacific salmon by means of unmanned aerial vehicles of consumer grade." Izvestiya TINRO 202, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 429–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26428/1606-9919-2022-202-429-449.
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Methodology for photogrammetric counting of pacific salmon by means of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) of consumer grade is developed. The spawners and spawning redds are counted using photogrammetric processing of aerial images taken by UAVs at monitoring sites. The photogrammetric products (orthomosaics and digital elevation models — DEMs) are analyzed in geographic information systems (GIS). The estimations of relative abundance for the monitoring sites are extrapolated to entire area of potential spawning grounds. There is shown for the first time that DEMs of water channels allow to visualize and count the redds. Detailed description of methodology is presented, including the survey planning and implementation, data processing, fish abundance estimation, data analysis and visualization, and web-publication. Recommendations for choosing UAV, its accessories and software for flight, photogrammetry and GIS are provided. This approach will facilitate objectivity of salmon counts and provide gradual transition from subjective aerovisual methods towards proven and verified digital basis of fish abundance assessment.
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Damian Wierzbicki and Kamil Krasuski. "Determining the Elements of Exterior Orientation in Aerial Triangulation Processing Using UAV Technology." Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina 22, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/com.c.2020.1.15-24.
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Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are still an interesting and current research topic in photogrammetry. An important issue in this area is determining the elements of exterior orientation of image data acquired at low altitudes. The article presents selected mathematical methods (TGC, TIC, TAD) of estimating elements of exterior orientation for image data obtained at low altitudes. The measurement data for the experimental test were recorded by the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle platform Trimble UX-5. In the framework of the test photogrammetric flight, the authors obtained 506 images and navigation data specifying the position and orientation of the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. As a result of the research, it is proven possible to show the usefulness of the mathematical models (TGC, TIC, TAD) in estimation of elements of exterior orientation.
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Sieberth, T., R. Wackrow, and J. H. Chandler. "UAV IMAGE BLUR – ITS INFLUENCE AND WAYS TO CORRECT IT." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-1/W4 (August 26, 2015): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-1-w4-33-2015.
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Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have become an interesting and active research topic in photogrammetry. Current research is based on image sequences acquired by UAVs which have a high ground resolution and good spectral resolution due to low flight altitudes combined with a high-resolution camera. One of the main problems preventing full automation of data processing of UAV imagery is the unknown degradation effect of blur caused by camera movement during image acquisition. <br><br> The purpose of this paper is to analyse the influence of blur on photogrammetric image processing, the correction of blur and finally, the use of corrected images for coordinate measurements. It was found that blur influences image processing significantly and even prevents automatic photogrammetric analysis, hence the desire to exclude blurred images from the sequence using a novel filtering technique. If necessary, essential blurred images can be restored using information of overlapping images of the sequence or a blur kernel with the developed edge shifting technique. The corrected images can be then used for target identification, measurements and automated photogrammetric processing.
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Tucci, G., A. Conti, L. Fiorini, F. Panighini, and E. I. Parisi. "EDUCATION AND TRAINING RESOURCES ON DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-5 (November 19, 2018): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-5-45-2018.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Current close-range photogrammetry makes it possible to obtain 3-D models from imagery acquired with off-the-shelf digital cameras or other low-cost devices and processed with affordable software or apps in an almost automatic way. For this reason, a wider and wider public (often without a specific training, as archaeologists, architects, landscape planners, digital artists) is using these tools and their outcomes in many fields. However, the drawback of its ease of use is that photogrammetry is often used without any critical awareness of the metric quality of the results.</p><p> Therefore, it is necessary to bridge the growing gap between the spread of photogrammetric techniques and their use through appropriate educational processes. The paper presents and explain the results of the project “Education and training resources on digital photogrammetry”, financed in 2018 by ISPRS as part of the “Educational and Capacity Building Initiative” programme.</p><p> The project, after evaluating the current teaching methodologies and techniques, is producing and sharing original teaching materials (like videos and datasets) on digital photogrammetry. The aim is to transform the traditional transmissive didactic model in a newer one in which the students have an active role and improve their proficiencies solving actual case studies in practice. This induces students to rethink and better understand all the steps of the photogrammetric project design, acquisition and processing but above all to acquire greater skills to critically evaluate the acquired data and results.</p>
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Lawrence, Brett. "Classifying Forest Structure of Red-Cockaded Woodpecker Habitat Using Structure from Motion Elevation Data Derived from sUAS Imagery." Drones 6, no. 1 (January 15, 2022): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones6010026.
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Small unmanned aerial systems (sUAS) and relatively new photogrammetry software solutions are creating opportunities for forest managers to perform spatial analysis more efficiently and cost-effectively. This study aims to identify a method for leveraging these technologies to analyze vertical forest structure of Red-cockaded Woodpecker habitat in Montgomery County, Texas. Traditional sampling methods would require numerous hours of ground surveying and data collection using various measuring techniques. Structure from Motion (SfM), a photogrammetric method for creating 3-D structure from 2-D images, provides an alternative to relatively expensive LIDAR sensing technologies and can accurately model the high level of complexity found within our study area’s vertical structure. DroneDeploy, a photogrammetry processing app service, was used to post-process and create a point cloud, which was later further processed into a Canopy Height Model (CHM). Using supervised, object-based classification and comparing multiple classifier algorithms, classifications maps were generated with a best overall accuracy of 84.8% using Support Vector Machine in ArcGIS Pro software. Appropriately sized training sample datasets, correctly processed elevation data, and proper image segmentation were among the major factors impacting classification accuracy during the numerous classification iterations performed.
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Truong Nguyen, G., and N. Seube. "FORMAP: A SIMPLE AND FAST PHOTOGRAMMETRY FRAMEWORK FOR DIRECT GEO-REFERENCING SYSTEMS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W17 (November 29, 2019): 385–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w17-385-2019.
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Abstract. This paper presents FORMap (Fast Ortho Mapping) a simple, automatic, fast and accurate commercial photogrammetry processing software for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) imagery equiped with Direct Georeferencing (DG) technology. DG technique allows user to directly geo-reference the acquisition without the use of Ground Control Points (GCP) by providing image external orientation (EO) parameters in a mapping frame. However, it requires a sensor of relatively high quality to provide an accurate EO with each image shot, which is somehow limited by the light weight of UAV payloads. FORMap makes use of EO information delivered by DG as an a priori information to accelerate its photogrammetric processing. We present the functionalities and some application of FORMap in the field of UAV mapping. We evaluate its accuracy and its robustness on several datasets. Test result shows that FORMap is robust for 3D scene reconstruction despite of inaccuracies of DG input data. It is also faster than standard digital photogrammetry solution based on SfM (Structure from Motion) approach and can provide orthophotos and dense point cloud in quasi real-time.
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Mikrut, S. "CLASSICAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND UAV – SELECTED ASCPECTS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B1 (June 6, 2016): 947–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b1-947-2016.
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The UAV technology seems to be highly future-oriented due to its low costs as compared to traditional aerial images taken from classical photogrammetry aircrafts. The AGH University of Science and Technology in Cracow - Department of Geoinformation, Photogrammetry and Environmental Remote Sensing focuses mainly on geometry and radiometry of recorded images. Various scientific research centres all over the world have been conducting the relevant research for years. The paper presents selected aspects of processing digital images made with the UAV technology. It provides on a practical example a comparison between a digital image taken from an airborne (classical) height, and the one made from an UAV level. In his research the author of the paper is trying to find an answer to the question: to what extent does the UAV technology diverge today from classical photogrammetry, and what are the advantages and disadvantages of both methods? The flight plan was made over the Tokarnia Village Museum (more than 0.5 km<sup>2</sup>) for two separate flights: the first was made by an UAV - System FT-03A built by FlyTech Solution Ltd. The second was made with the use of a classical photogrammetric Cesna aircraft furnished with an airborne photogrammetric camera (Ultra Cam Eagle). Both sets of photographs were taken with pixel size of about 3 cm, in order to have reliable data allowing for both systems to be compared. The project has made aerotriangulation independently for the two flights. The DTM was generated automatically, and the last step was the generation of an orthophoto. The geometry of images was checked under the process of aerotriangulation. To compare the accuracy of these two flights, control and check points were used. RMSE were calculated. The radiometry was checked by a visual method and using the author's own algorithm for feature extraction (to define edges with subpixel accuracy). After initial pre-processing of data, the images were put together, and shown side by side. Buildings and strips on the road were selected from whole data for the comparison of edges and details. The details on UAV images were not worse than those on classical photogrammetric ones. One might suppose that geometrically they also were correct. The results of aerotriangulation prove these facts, too. Final results from aerotriangulation were on the level of RMS = 1 pixel (about 3 cm). In general it can be said that photographs from UAVs are not worse than classic ones. In the author's opinion, geometric and radiometric qualities are at a similar level for this kind of area (a small village). This is a very significant result as regards mapping. It means that UAV data can be used in mapping production.
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Mikrut, S. "CLASSICAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND UAV – SELECTED ASCPECTS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B1 (June 6, 2016): 947–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b1-947-2016.
Full textAbstract:
The UAV technology seems to be highly future-oriented due to its low costs as compared to traditional aerial images taken from classical photogrammetry aircrafts. The AGH University of Science and Technology in Cracow - Department of Geoinformation, Photogrammetry and Environmental Remote Sensing focuses mainly on geometry and radiometry of recorded images. Various scientific research centres all over the world have been conducting the relevant research for years. The paper presents selected aspects of processing digital images made with the UAV technology. It provides on a practical example a comparison between a digital image taken from an airborne (classical) height, and the one made from an UAV level. In his research the author of the paper is trying to find an answer to the question: to what extent does the UAV technology diverge today from classical photogrammetry, and what are the advantages and disadvantages of both methods? The flight plan was made over the Tokarnia Village Museum (more than 0.5 km<sup>2</sup>) for two separate flights: the first was made by an UAV - System FT-03A built by FlyTech Solution Ltd. The second was made with the use of a classical photogrammetric Cesna aircraft furnished with an airborne photogrammetric camera (Ultra Cam Eagle). Both sets of photographs were taken with pixel size of about 3 cm, in order to have reliable data allowing for both systems to be compared. The project has made aerotriangulation independently for the two flights. The DTM was generated automatically, and the last step was the generation of an orthophoto. The geometry of images was checked under the process of aerotriangulation. To compare the accuracy of these two flights, control and check points were used. RMSE were calculated. The radiometry was checked by a visual method and using the author's own algorithm for feature extraction (to define edges with subpixel accuracy). After initial pre-processing of data, the images were put together, and shown side by side. Buildings and strips on the road were selected from whole data for the comparison of edges and details. The details on UAV images were not worse than those on classical photogrammetric ones. One might suppose that geometrically they also were correct. The results of aerotriangulation prove these facts, too. Final results from aerotriangulation were on the level of RMS = 1 pixel (about 3 cm). In general it can be said that photographs from UAVs are not worse than classic ones. In the author's opinion, geometric and radiometric qualities are at a similar level for this kind of area (a small village). This is a very significant result as regards mapping. It means that UAV data can be used in mapping production.
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Kosmatin Fras, Mojca, Urška Drešček, Anka Lisec, and Dejan Grigillo. "Analysis of the impacts on the quality of UAV photogrammetric products." Geodetski vestnik 64, no. 04 (2020): 489–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.15292/geodetski-vestnik.2020.04.489-507.
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Unmanned aerial vehicles, equipped with various sensors and devices, are increasingly used to acquire geospatial data in geodesy, geoinformatics, and environmental studies. In this context, a new research and professional field has been developed – UAV photogrammetry – dealing with photogrammetry data acquisition and data processing, acquired by unmanned aerial vehicles. In this study, we analyse the selected factors that impact the quality of data provided using UAV photogrammetry, with the focus on positional accuracy; they are discussed in three groups: (a) factors related to the camera properties and the quality of images; (b) factors related to the mission planning and execution; and (c) factors related to the indirect georeferencing of images using ground control points. These selected factors are analysed based on the detailed review of relevant scientific publications. Additionally, the influence of the number of ground control points and their spatial distribution on point clouds' positional accuracy has been investigated for the case study. As the conclusion, key findings and recommendations for UAV photogrammetric projects are given; we have highlighted the importance of suitable lighting and weather conditions when performing UAV missions for spatial data acquisition, quality equipment, appropriate parameters of UAV data acquisition, and a sufficient number of ground control points, which should be determined with the appropriate positional accuracy and their correct distribution in the field.
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Wang, Juan, and Si Yu Lai. "Apply Kalman Filter to Data Processing in Similar Material Model." Advanced Materials Research 710 (June 2013): 731–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.710.731.
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Comprehensive analysis about Kalman filter model of discrete linear system is discussed in this paper. Firstly, the model is established based on the data of similar material model acquired from industrial close-up photogrammetry system. Then, look for solutions by encoding in Matlab platform. Finally, we conclude that the Kalman filter enjoys obvious denoising effect in data processing of similar material model, and the subsidence curve reflects actual situation of the simulation better. Comparing with the Logistic function fitting, the simulated results show that the proposed filtering model is accurate and effective.
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La Placa, S., and E. Doria. "RELIABILITY OF DTMS OBTAINED WITH MOBILE FAST SURVEYS TECHNIQUES." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-2/W1-2022 (February 25, 2022): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-2-w1-2022-299-2022.
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Abstract. The contribution addresses the issue of the integrated survey aimed at three-dimensional modeling for the documentation of different types of terrain through the analysis of two case studies located in the province of Pavia - Italy. The techniques of aerial photogrammetric acquisition SfM (UAVs), Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) and Mobile (MLS) are now consolidated and widely used, managing to meet the needs of documentation of land levelling, monitoring, and analysis of landslide volumes. The two case studies present difficulties due to a strong inclination of the land and extensive presence of vegetation in the first case and to a strong presence of agricultural canalizations in the second case. The data processing phase focused on the comparison between MLS and close-range photogrammetry, while the acquisitions from TLS were used as control data. This acquisition method allows avoiding the process of approximation and reconstruction of the DTM under the vegetation, ensuring the correctness of the data relating to the ground course. The database allows the generation of highly reliable DTMs using specific point cloud modeling and processing software. Fast survey instruments are ideal in large areas or in hilly areas where sub-vertical sections and covered by vegetation are often present, difficult to detect only with close-range photogrammetry.
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Aicardi, I., F. Chiabrando, N. Grasso, A. M. Lingua, F. Noardo, and A. Spanò. "UAV PHOTOGRAMMETRY WITH OBLIQUE IMAGES: FIRST ANALYSIS ON DATA ACQUISITION AND PROCESSING." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B1 (June 6, 2016): 835–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b1-835-2016.
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In recent years, many studies revealed the advantages of using airborne oblique images for obtaining improved 3D city models (e.g. including façades and building footprints). Expensive airborne cameras, installed on traditional aerial platforms, usually acquired the data. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the possibility of acquire and use oblique images for the 3D reconstruction of a historical building, obtained by UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) and traditional COTS (Commercial Off-the-Shelf) digital cameras (more compact and lighter than generally used devices), for the realization of high-level-of-detail architectural survey. The critical issues of the acquisitions from a common UAV (flight planning strategies, ground control points, check points distribution and measurement, etc.) are described. Another important considered aspect was the evaluation of the possibility to use such systems as low cost methods for obtaining complete information from an aerial point of view in case of emergency problems or, as in the present paper, in the cultural heritage application field. The data processing was realized using SfM-based approach for point cloud generation: different dense image-matching algorithms implemented in some commercial and open source software were tested. The achieved results are analysed and the discrepancies from some reference LiDAR data are computed for a final evaluation. The system was tested on the S. Maria Chapel, a part of the Novalesa Abbey (Italy).
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Aicardi, I., F. Chiabrando, N. Grasso, A. M. Lingua, F. Noardo, and A. Spanò. "UAV PHOTOGRAMMETRY WITH OBLIQUE IMAGES: FIRST ANALYSIS ON DATA ACQUISITION AND PROCESSING." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B1 (June 6, 2016): 835–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b1-835-2016.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years, many studies revealed the advantages of using airborne oblique images for obtaining improved 3D city models (e.g. including façades and building footprints). Expensive airborne cameras, installed on traditional aerial platforms, usually acquired the data. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the possibility of acquire and use oblique images for the 3D reconstruction of a historical building, obtained by UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) and traditional COTS (Commercial Off-the-Shelf) digital cameras (more compact and lighter than generally used devices), for the realization of high-level-of-detail architectural survey. The critical issues of the acquisitions from a common UAV (flight planning strategies, ground control points, check points distribution and measurement, etc.) are described. Another important considered aspect was the evaluation of the possibility to use such systems as low cost methods for obtaining complete information from an aerial point of view in case of emergency problems or, as in the present paper, in the cultural heritage application field. The data processing was realized using SfM-based approach for point cloud generation: different dense image-matching algorithms implemented in some commercial and open source software were tested. The achieved results are analysed and the discrepancies from some reference LiDAR data are computed for a final evaluation. The system was tested on the S. Maria Chapel, a part of the Novalesa Abbey (Italy).
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Baramsyah, Haqul, and Less Rich. "Applicability Assessments of Close-Range Photogrammetry for Slope Face 3D Modelling." Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology 8, no. 3 (February 14, 2020): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.13170/aijst.8.3.14650.
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The digital single lens reflex (DSLR) cameras have been widely accepted to use in slope face photogrammetry rather than the expensive metric camera used for aerial photogrammetry. 3D models generated from digital photogrammetry can approach those generated from terrestrial laser scanning in term of scale and level of detail. It is cost effective and has equipment portability. This paper presents and discusses the applicability of close-range digital photogrammetry to produce 3D models of rock slope faces. Five experiments of image capturing method were conducted to capture the photographs as the input data for processing. As a consideration, the appropriate baseline lengths to capture the slope face to get better result are around 1/6 to 1/8 of target distance. A fine quality of 3D model from data processing is obtained using strip method and convergent method with 80% overlapping in each photograph. A random camera positions with different distances from the slope face can also generate a good 3D model, however the entire target should be captured in each photograph. The accuracy of the models is generated by comparing the 3D models produced from photogrammetry with the 3D data obtained from laser scanner. The accuracy of 3D models is quite satisfactory with the mean error range from 0.008 to 0.018 m.
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Farella, E. M., L. Morelli, F. Remondino, J. P. Mills, N. Haala, and J. Crompvoets. "THE EUROSDR TIME BENCHMARK FOR HISTORICAL AERIAL IMAGES." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B2-2022 (May 30, 2022): 1175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b2-2022-1175-2022.
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Abstract. Automatic photogrammetric processing of historical (or archival) aerial photos is still a challenging task, particularly in cases of missing ancillary information, low radiometric and image quality, limited stereo coverage or large temporal span. However, with recent advances in photogrammetry and Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms for image processing and interpretation, an increasing number of applications are now feasible. The article presents the TIME (hisTorical aerIal iMagEs) benchmark (https://time.fbk.eu/), promoted by EuroSDR to explore the potential of historical aerial images. Realized in collaboration with various European NMCAs, the benchmark has garnered aerial image blocks and time series imagery captured since the 1950s. To support the photogrammetric processing of the digitized photos, ancillary data are supplied with available information about flight missions, taking cameras, and ground control points (GCPs). Several diverse investigations have been undertaken with the benchmark datasets, all captured over historical urban areas or landscapes. The paper describes the benchmark datasets and some potential research topics, presenting several tests and analyses realized with the collated and shared data.
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Ulziisaikhan, Ganbold, and Dash Oyuntsetseg. "UAV and terrestrial laser scanner data processing for large scale topographic mapping." Mongolian Geoscientist 50 (June 2, 2020): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mgs.v50i0.1329.
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Integrating spatial data from different sources results in visualization, which is the last step in the process of digital basic topographic map creation. Digital elevation model and visualization will used for geomorphological mapping, geospatial database, urban planning and etc. Large scale topographic mapping in the world countries is really a prominent challenge in geospatial industries today. The purpose of this work is to integrate laser scanner data with the ones generated by aerial photogrammetry from UAV, to produce detailed maps that can used by geodetic engineers to optimize their analysis. In addition, terrestrial - based LiDAR scans and UAV photogrammetric data were collected in Sharga hill in the north zone of Mongolia. In this paper, different measurement technology and processing software systems combined for topographic mapping in the data processing scheme. UTM (Universal Transverse Mercator) projected coordinate system calculated in WGS84 reference ellipsoid. Feature compilation involving terrestrial laser scanner data and UAV data will integrated to offer Digital Elevation Models (DEM) as the main interest of the topographic mapping activity. Used UAV generate high-resolution orthomosaics and detailed 3D models of areas where no data, are available. That result issued to create topographic maps with a scale of 1:1000 of geodetic measurements. Preliminary results indicate that discontinuity data collection from UAV closely matches the data collected using laser scanner.
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Pamart, A., O. Guillon, S. Faraci, E. Gattet, M. Genevois, J. M. Vallet, and L. De Luca. "MULTISPECTRAL PHOTOGRAMMETRIC DATA ACQUISITION AND PROCESSING FORWALL PAINTINGS STUDIES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W3 (February 23, 2017): 559–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w3-559-2017.
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In the field of wall paintings studies different imaging techniques are commonly used for the documentation and the decision making in term of conservation and restoration. There is nowadays some challenging issues to merge scientific imaging techniques in a multimodal context (i.e. multi-sensors, multi-dimensions, multi-spectral and multi-temporal approaches). For decades those CH objects has been widely documented with Technical Photography (TP) which gives precious information to understand or retrieve the painting layouts and history. More recently there is an increasing demand of the use of digital photogrammetry in order to provide, as one of the possible output, an orthophotomosaic which brings a possibility for metrical quantification of conservators/restorators observations and actions planning. This paper presents some ongoing experimentations of the LabCom MAP-CICRP relying on the assumption that those techniques can be merged through a common pipeline to share their own benefits and create a more complete documentation.
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Child, Sarah F., Leigh A. Stearns, Luc Girod, and Henry H. Brecher. "Structure-From-Motion Photogrammetry of Antarctic Historical Aerial Photographs in Conjunction with Ground Control Derived from Satellite Data." Remote Sensing 13, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13010021.
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A longer temporal scale of Antarctic observations is vital to better understanding glacier dynamics and improving ice sheet model projections. One underutilized data source that expands the temporal scale is aerial photography, specifically imagery collected prior to 1990. However, processing Antarctic historical aerial imagery using modern photogrammetry software is difficult, as it requires precise information about the data collection process and extensive in situ ground control is required. Often, the necessary orientation metadata for older aerial imagery is lost and in situ data collection in regions like Antarctica is extremely difficult to obtain, limiting the use of traditional photogrammetric methods. Here, we test an alternative methodology to generate elevations from historical Antarctic aerial imagery. Instead of relying on pre-existing ground control, we use structure-from-motion photogrammetry techniques to process the imagery with manually derived ground control from high-resolution satellite imagery. This case study is based on vertical aerial image sets collected over Byrd Glacier, East Antarctica in December 1978 and January 1979. Our results are the oldest, highest resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) ever generated for an Antarctic glacier. We use these DEMs to estimate glacier dynamics and show that surface elevation of Byrd Glacier has been constant for the past ∼40 years.
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Masiero, A., G. Sofia, and P. Tarolli. "QUICK 3D WITH UAV AND TOF CAMERA FOR GEOMORPHOMETRIC ASSESSMENT." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B1-2020 (August 6, 2020): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b1-2020-259-2020.
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Abstract. Most of the high resolution topographic models are currently obtained either by means of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) or photogrammetry: the former is usually preferred for producing very accurate models, whereas the latter is much more frequently used in low cost applications. In particular, the availability of more affordable Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) equipped with high resolution cameras led to a dramatic worldwide increase of UAV photogrammetry-based 3D reconstructions. Nevertheless, accurate high resolution photogrammetric reconstructions typically require quite long data processing procedures, which make them less suitable for real-time applications.This work aims at investigating the use of a low cost Time of Flight (ToF) camera, combined with an Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) positioning system, mounted on a drone, in order to enable quasi real time 3D reconstructions of small to mid-size areas, even in locations where Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) are not available.The proposed system, tested on a small area on the Italian Alps, provided high resolution mapping results, with an error of few centimeters with respect to a terrestrial close-range photogrammetry survey conducted on the same day.
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Guidi, G., S. Gonizzi, and L. L. Micoli. "Image pre-processing for optimizing automated photogrammetry performances." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences II-5 (May 28, 2014): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-ii-5-145-2014.
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The purpose of this paper is to analyze how optical pre-processing with polarizing filters and digital pre-processing with HDR imaging, may improve the automated 3D modeling pipeline based on SFM and Image Matching, with special emphasis on optically non-cooperative surfaces of shiny or dark materials. Because of the automatic detection of homologous points, the presence of highlights due to shiny materials, or nearly uniform dark patches produced by low reflectance materials, may produce erroneous matching involving wrong 3D point estimations, and consequently holes and topological errors on the mesh originated by the associated dense 3D cloud. This is due to the limited dynamic range of the 8 bit digital images that are matched each other for generating 3D data. The same 256 levels can be more usefully employed if the actual dynamic range is compressed, avoiding luminance clipping on the darker and lighter image areas. Such approach is here considered both using optical filtering and HDR processing with tone mapping, with experimental evaluation on different Cultural Heritage objects characterized by non-cooperative optical behavior. Three test images of each object have been captured from different positions, changing the shooting conditions (filter/no-filter) and the image processing (no processing/HDR processing), in order to have the same 3 camera orientations with different optical and digital pre-processing, and applying the same automated process to each photo set.
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Putkiranta, Pauli, Matti Kurkela, Matias Ingman, Aino Keitaanniemi, Aimad El Issaoui, Harri Kaartinen, Eija Honkavaara, Hannu Hyyppä, Juha Hyyppä, and Matti T. Vaaja. "Performance Assessment of Reference Modelling Methods for Defect Evaluation in Asphalt Concrete." Sensors 21, no. 24 (December 8, 2021): 8190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21248190.
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The deterioration of road conditions and increasing repair deficits pose challenges for the maintenance of reliable road infrastructure, and thus threaten, for example, safety and the fluent flow of traffic. Improved and more efficient procedures for maintenance are required, and these require improved knowledge of road conditions, i.e., improved data. Three-dimensional mapping presents possibilities for large-scale collection of data on road surfaces and automatic evaluation of maintenance needs. However, the development and, specifically, evaluation of large-scale mobile methods requires reliable references. To evaluate possibilities for close-range, static, high-resolution, three-dimensional measurement of road surfaces for reference use, three measurement methods and five instrumentations are investigated: terrestrial laser scanning (TLS, Leica RTC360), photogrammetry using high-resolution professional-grade cameras (Nikon D800 and D810E), photogrammetry using an industrial camera (FLIR Grasshopper GS3-U3-120S6C-C), and structured-light handheld scanners Artec Leo and Faro Freestyle. High-resolution photogrammetry is established as reference based on laboratory measurements and point density. The instrumentations are compared against one another using cross-sections, point–point distances, and ability to obtain key metrics of defects, and a qualitative assessment of the processing procedures for each is carried out. It is found that photogrammetric models provide the highest resolutions (10–50 million points per m2) and photogrammetric and TLS approaches perform robustly in precision with consistent sub-millimeter offsets relative to one another, while handheld scanners perform relatively inconsistently. A discussion on the practical implications of using each of the examined instrumentations is presented.
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Poloprutský, Zdeněk, Marek Fraštia, and Marián Marčiš. "3D DIGITAL RECONSTRUCTION BASED ON ARCHIVED TERRESTRIAL PHOTOGRAPHS FROM METRIC CAMERAS." Acta Polytechnica 59, no. 4 (August 31, 2019): 384–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ap.2019.59.0384.
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The paper deals with the possibilities and limitations of the image processing of digitalized terrestrial photographs from analogue metric cameras. By the end of the 20th century, analogue metric cameras such as Zeiss UMK were used for documentation purposes in the fields of industrial and investment construction, nature and landscape preservation, heritage preservation, etc. Currently, the collections of photographs are stored at specialized archives of many different institutions, such as libraries, museums, universities, etc. These sets of photographs provide a material background for a 3D digital reconstruction of a subject of interest at the time of taking the photographs. The digital image processing of old photographs may be more difficult due to unknown parameters of the used camera, such as the focal length, image coordinates of the fiducial marks and distortion parameters of the lens system, etc. In this case, it may be difficult to process these photographs in a photogrammetric software. The paper presents a methodology for the digital photogrammetric processing of analogue terrestrial photographs. The data processing is based on the parameters of the used metric cameras, which are described in their calibration reports. The image processing was tested in two commercial photogrammetric software tools that utilize the technology of Structure-from-Motion (SfM) or multiimage intersection photogrammetry to process image datasets.
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Anurogo, Wenang, Muhammad Zainuddin Lubis, Hanah Khoirunnisa, Daniel Sutopo Pamungkas, Aditya Hanafi, Fajar Rizki, Ganda Surya, et al. "A Simple Aerial Photogrammetric Mapping System Overview and Image Acquisition Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)." Journal of Applied Geospatial Information 1, no. 01 (June 9, 2017): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30871/jagi.v1i01.360.
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Aerial photogrammetry is one of the Alternative technologies for more detailed data, real time, fast and cheaper. Nowadays, many photogrammetric mapping methods have used UAV / unmanned drones or drones to retrieve and record data from an object in the earth. The application of drones in the field of geospatial science today is in great demand because of its relatively easy operation and relatively affordable cost compared to satellite systems especially high - resolution satellite imagery. This research aims to determine the stage or overview of data retrieval process with DJI Phantom 4 (multi - rotor quad - copter drone) with processing using third party software. This research also produces 2 - dimensional high resolution image data on the research area. Utilization of third party software (Agisoft PhotoScan) making it easier to acquire and process aerial photogrammetric data. The results of aerial photogrammetric recording with a flying altitude of 70 meters obtained high resolution images with a spatial resolution of 2 inches / pixels.
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Король, Д. М., Д. Д. Кіндій, П. Д. Кіндій, О. Д. Оджубейська, and К. Д. Тончева. "ФОТОГРАММЕТРІЯ У СТОМАТОЛОГІЧНІЙ ПРАКТИЦІ (ОГЛЯД ЛІТЕРАТУРИ)." Medical and Ecological Problems 26, no. 1-2 (April 15, 2022): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/mep.2022.26.1-2.08.
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The conducted analysis of the scientific literature has shown that the photogrammetric method of images acquisition has long been used in various fields of science and industry. Its advantages include the simplicity and affordability of technical implementation, high accuracy of the obtained data, complete contactless application and the opportunity for the digital processing of an enormous amount of information over a short period of time, acquisition of a virtual model of high accuracy. The testing of photogrammetry in medical practice has resulted in the indication of promising areas of its application and improvement. They have been specified in terms of the dental field, being directed to the acquisition of three-dimensional models of the head, jaws, alveolar processes, periodontal tissues, dentitions and individual teeth as well as to the reproduction of central occlusion, jaw articulation correlation and to three-dimensional implant and denture positioning. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have proven the competitiveness of photogrammetry as compared to 3-D scanning methods. however, some problems associated with its application remain unresolved. On the one hand, photogrammetry experts still lack some understanding of special requests of dental diagnostics, while dentists are still unaware of photogrammetry functional opportunities. Moreover, certain procedural requirements as for the angle, lighting, distance, etc. sufficiently restrict its technical capacity. In any case, most researchers point to the need for in-depth scientific studies of the actual practical photogrammetry opportunities, while further prospects for the introduction of this method are associated with the technical improvement of the equipment adapted to the peculiarities of dental practice.
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Voitechovič, Mažena, and Birutė Ruzgienė. "A COMPARISON ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SOFTCOPIES FOR GEODATA PRODUCTION." Geodesy and cartography 40, no. 4 (December 16, 2014): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20296991.2014.987459.
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Up-to-date mapping technologies for geodata production are widely applicable in Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry Communities. Therefore, the education in Remote Sensing and photogrammetric methods becomes very important using different image processing software for the terrain mapping purposes, spatial data modelling, etc. The use of new methods, technologies and professional widely-known systems demonstrates the desire to increase mapping capability. Despite that, digital didactics photogrammetric systems might be used (particularly in education process) simultaneously, this way getting more efficiency results. The objective of the research is to analyse some aspects of the use of digital photogrammetric softcopies, applied for terrain mapping: professional IMAGE ERDAS with LPS, LISA and Didactics Digital Photogrammetric Systems (DDPS). The experimental investigations lead to contiguity of this different software in consideration of the following criteria: accuracy, flexibility and time. The digital terrain models and orthophoto maps, created using two technologies, are almost the same due to time required for separate image processing steps. However, full workflow on DDPS requires about 2.5 times less time than on LPS. The photogrammetric measurement results demonstrate that there are some differences in accuracy due to stereoscopic measurements. When processing the images, the defined value of accuracy estimators meets the requirements for topographic mapping; however, DEM needs a separate study.
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Fauzan, K. N., D. Suwardhi, A. Murtiyoso, I. Gumilar, and T. P. Sidiq. "CLOSE-RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY METHOD FOR SF6 GAS INSULATED LINE (GIL) DEFORMATION MONITORING." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B2-2021 (June 28, 2021): 503–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b2-2021-503-2021.
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Abstract. Close-Range Photogrammetry (CRP) technology advanced rapidly along with the development of camera sensors. CRP has many advantages over other methods in terms of technical data acquisition, product quality, and cost. Because of these advantages, the CRP method can be used in various applications. In this study, the CRP method is used to monitor the deformation of the SF6 Gas Insulated Line (GIL) object between two substations of the Indonesian National Electricity Service in Kuningan Barat, South Jakarta. Planning was carried out with a simulation using 3D field data obtained from reconnaissance process. During the survey, photo data was collected using a smartphone and processed to form a 3D model. The simulation produced a configuration of control points, check points, and camera stations that have the best Strength of Figure (SoF) values. In the planning process, camera pre-calibration is carried out to get the best camera orientation parameter values from several experiments. The planning results are used in the next stage, namely field data acquisition and data processing. The data acquisition process was carried out for two sessions. This is done to see the changes in coordinates that occur between these sessions. Data processing was carried out by following the classical photogrammetric stages. The results obtained from this study are the average accuracy produced by Close-Range Photogrammetry method for measuring deformation which is below a tolerance of 3 mm. With this method, deformation measurements can be carried out quickly, accurately, and at a relatively lower cost than other observation methods.
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Ghanbari Parmehr, Ebadat, and Marco Amati. "Individual Tree Canopy Parameters Estimation Using UAV-Based Photogrammetric and LiDAR Point Clouds in an Urban Park." Remote Sensing 13, no. 11 (May 24, 2021): 2062. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13112062.
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Estimation of urban tree canopy parameters plays a crucial role in urban forest management. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) have been widely used for many applications particularly forestry mapping. UAV-derived images, captured by an onboard camera, provide a means to produce 3D point clouds using photogrammetric mapping. Similarly, small UAV mounted light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensors can also provide very dense 3D point clouds. While point clouds derived from both photogrammetric and LiDAR sensors can allow the accurate estimation of critical tree canopy parameters, so far a comparison of both techniques is missing. Point clouds derived from these sources vary according to differences in data collection and processing, a detailed comparison of point clouds in terms of accuracy and completeness, in relation to tree canopy parameters using point clouds is necessary. In this research, point clouds produced by UAV-photogrammetry and -LiDAR over an urban park along with the estimated tree canopy parameters are compared, and results are presented. The results show that UAV-photogrammetry and -LiDAR point clouds are highly correlated with R2 of 99.54% and the estimated tree canopy parameters are correlated with R2 of higher than 95%.
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Caroti, G., I. Martínez-Espejo Zaragoza, and A. Piemonte. "ACCURACY ASSESSMENT IN STRUCTURE FROM MOTION 3D RECONSTRUCTION FROM UAV-BORN IMAGES: THE INFLUENCE OF THE DATA PROCESSING METHODS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-1/W4 (August 26, 2015): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-1-w4-103-2015.
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The evolution of Structure from Motion (SfM) techniques and their integration with the established procedures of classic stereoscopic photogrammetric survey have provided a very effective tool for the production of three-dimensional textured models. Such models are not only aesthetically pleasing but can also contain metric information, the quality of which depends on both survey type and applied processing methodologies. An open research topic in this area refers to checking attainable accuracy levels. The knowledge of such accuracy is essential, especially in the integration of models obtained through SfM with other models derived from different sensors or methods (laser scanning, classic photogrammetry ...). Accuracy checks may be conducted by either comparing SfM models against a reference one or measuring the deviation of control points identified on models and measured with classic topographic instrumentation and methodologies. This paper presents an analysis of attainable accuracy levels, according to different approaches of survey and data processing. For this purpose, a survey of the Church of San Miniato in Marcianella (Pisa, Italy), has been used. The dataset is an integration of laser scanning with terrestrial and UAV-borne photogrammetric surveys; in addition, a high precision topographic network was established for the specific purpose. In particular, laser scanning has been used for the interior and the exterior of the church, with the exclusion of the roof, while UAVs have been used for the photogrammetric survey of both roof, with horizontal strips, and façade, with vertical strips.
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Mokhtar, Munirah Radin Mohd, Abdul Nasir Matori, Hj Khamaruzaman Hj Wan Yusof, Imtiaz Ahmed Chandio, Duong Tuan Viet, and Dano Umar Lawal. "A Study of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Photogrammetry for Environment Mapping: Preliminary Observation." Advanced Materials Research 626 (December 2012): 440–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.626.440.
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This paper presents the preliminary work is a part of a research focusing on close range photogrammetry for landslide monitoring.The main objective of this paper is to present the Close Range Photogrammetry (CRP) technique, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) will provide a platform to monitor the surface area This method was applied using the capabilities and power of Gatewing, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) for data capturing with respect to UAV tracking conducted in UTP, Tronoh, Perak, on 15th March 2012 at 150m height. The Gatewing is designed for rapid terrain mapping with fully automated image processing. The result proves that data processing were conducted by Srecthout Software. Flight planning was carried out on site, where the areas to be observed are situated inside the UTP campus. The paper focus on final production of an orthomosaic. In conclusion, it is demonstrated that Gatewing, UAV is the best, fast and powerful mapping vehicle for close range photogrammetry application in future works. It shows highly excellent performance compared to other UAVs already established in the market today. Keywords: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV); Close Range Photogrammetry (CRP); Gatewing; orthomosaic; terrain.