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Journal articles on the topic 'Photoelectrochemical fuel cell'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Zhou, Zhaoyu, Zhongyi Wu, Qunjie Xu, and Guohua Zhao. "A solar-charged photoelectrochemical wastewater fuel cell for efficient and sustainable hydrogen production." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5, no. 48 (2017): 25450–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta08112j.

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Li, Xinyuan, Guowen Wang, Lin Jing, Wei Ni, Huan Yan, Chao Chen, and Yi-Ming Yan. "A photoelectrochemical methanol fuel cell based on aligned TiO2 nanorods decorated graphene photoanode." Chemical Communications 52, no. 12 (2016): 2533–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cc09929c.

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3

Yan, Yiming, Jianmei Fang, Zhiyu Yang, Jinshuo Qiao, Zhenhua Wang, Qiyao Yu, and Kening Sun. "Photoelectrochemical oxidation of glucose for sensing and fuel cell applications." Chemical Communications 49, no. 77 (2013): 8632. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3cc43189d.

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4

Hao, Shuai, He Zhang, Xiaoxuan Sun, Junfeng Zhai, and Shaojun Dong. "A Photoelectrochemical Fuel Cell Based on a CuO Photocathode for Sustainable Resources Utilization." ChemElectroChem 7, no. 22 (November 16, 2020): 4649–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/celc.202001309.

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5

Wang, Yanhu, Lina Zhang, Kang Cui, Caixia Xu, Hao Li, Hong Liu, and Jinghua Yu. "Solar driven electrochromic photoelectrochemical fuel cells for simultaneous energy conversion, storage and self-powered sensing." Nanoscale 10, no. 7 (2018): 3421–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nr09275j.

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6

Shoikhedbrod, Michael. "Use of the Photoelectrolysis of Ordinary Water Powered by the Light Energy for the Non-Stop Operation of the Electric Car Engine." Journal of Electrical Engineering and Electronics Design 1, no. 1 (June 28, 2023): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.48001/joeeed.2023.1110-15.

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Today, the non-stop operation of an electric vehicle engine requires continuous charging of the engine's fuel cell with pure hydrogen and oxygen. Pure hydrogen is obtained by various industrial methods, including: steam reforming of methane and natural gas; coal gasification; biotechnology; electrolysis of water, etc. The most effective method for obtaining pure hydrogen and oxygen is the use of photoelectrolysis of an aqueous electrolyte solution in a photoelectrochemical cell. In this method, hydrogen and oxygen are produced in a photoelectrochemical cell from light energy. However, the photoelectrochemical cells used today lose most of the light energy due to the high resistance of the conductive medium between the electrodes, are expensive, have material limitations that significantly reduce their efficiency. The article presents the use of photoelectrolysis of ordinary water, powered by light energy for the non-stop operation of an electric vehicle engine by continuously charging the fuel cell of the engine with hydrogen and oxygen, continuously produced in a specially designed photoelectrolyzer, powered by light energy, at a price below the market and participating in a continuously operating closed cycle: ordinary water tank + photoelectrolyzer: formation of gas bubbles of hydrogen and oxygen in the process of photoelectrolysis of ordinary water + fuel cell charging and electric car engine operation + steam water + ordinary water tank. The developed photoelectrolyzer, in contrast to existing photoelectrochemical cells, has a specially designed electrolysis base, located in the lower part of the photoelectrolyzer, includes a fire hose material membrane, located between a silicon semiconductor with an attached mesh; a burnt graphite cathode and a mechanism for adjusting the gap between the electrodes.
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Gai, Panpan, Shuxia Zhang, Wen Yu, Haiyin Li, and Feng Li. "Light-driven self-powered biosensor for ultrasensitive organophosphate pesticide detection via integration of the conjugated polymer-sensitized CdS and enzyme inhibition strategy." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 6, no. 42 (2018): 6842–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8tb02286k.

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Gai, Panpan, Xinke Kong, Shuxia Zhang, Panpan Song, and Feng Li. "Photo-driven self-powered biosensor for ultrasensitive microRNA detection via DNA conformation-controlled co-sensitization behavior." Chemical Communications 56, no. 52 (2020): 7116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cc03039b.

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Zhou, Chunhong, Ruiting Wen, Jiuying Tian, and Jusheng Lu. "Isocarbophos determination using a nanozyme-catalytic photoelectrochemical fuel cell-based aptasensor." Microchemical Journal 190 (July 2023): 108662. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2023.108662.

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Doukas, Elias, Paraskevi Balta, Dimitrios Raptis, George Avgouropoulos, and Panagiotis Lianos. "A Realistic Approach for Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production." Materials 11, no. 8 (July 24, 2018): 1269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11081269.

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The production of hydrogen by water splitting has been a very attractive idea for several decades. However, the energy consumption that is necessary for water oxidation is too high for practical applications. On the contrary, the oxidation of organics is a much easier and less energy-demanding process. In addition, it may be used to consume organic wastes with a double environmental benefit: renewable energy production with environmental remediation. The oxidation of organics in a photoelectrochemical cell, which in that case is also referenced as a photocatalytic fuel cell, has the additional advantage of providing an alternative route for solar energy conversion. With this in mind, the present work describes a realistic choice of materials for the Pt-free photoelectrochemical production of hydrogen, by employing ethanol as a model organic fuel. The photoanode was made of a combination of titania with cadmium sulfide as the photosensitizer in order to enhance visible light absorbance. The cathode electrode was a simple carbon paper. Thus, it is shown that substantial hydrogen can be produced without electrocatalysts by simply exploiting carbon electrodes. Even though an ion transfer membrane was used in order to allow for an oxygen-free cathode environment, the electrolyte was the same in both the anode and cathode compartments. An alkaline electrolyte has been used to allow high hydroxyl concentration, thus facilitating organic fuel (photocatalytic) oxidation. Hydrogen production was then obtained by water reduction at the cathode (counter) electrode.
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11

Wu, Weibing, Wei Liu, Wei Mu, and Yulin Deng. "Polyoxymetalate liquid-catalyzed polyol fuel cell and the related photoelectrochemical reaction mechanism study." Journal of Power Sources 318 (June 2016): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.03.074.

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12

Ihssen, Julian, Artur Braun, Greta Faccio, Krisztina Gajda-Schrantz, and Linda Thöny-Meyer. "Light Harvesting Proteins for Solar Fuel Generation in Bioengineered Photoelectrochemical Cells." Current Protein & Peptide Science 15, no. 4 (April 2014): 374–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389203715666140327105530.

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13

Hilbrands, Adam, and Kyoung-Shin Choi. "(Invited) Photoelectrochemical Glycerol Oxidation to Value-Added Commodity Chemicals Using BiVO4-Based Photoanodes." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 36 (July 7, 2022): 1549. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01361549mtgabs.

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To create a functional photoelectrochemical cell (PEC) for solar fuels production, a cathode and anode reaction must both be chosen and optimized. In order to generate clean energy, a renewable resource such as water, nitrogen, or biomass, is typically reduced at the photocathode to generate H2, ammonia, or carbon-based fuel. In aqueous media, the anode reaction is typically water oxidation, as water is renewable and available in the cell. However, the product of water oxidation, O2, is not very valuable. As such, in recent years attention has been directed to finding a more attractive oxidation reaction that forms a value-added product that can be paired with reduction reactions of interest. Ideally, this reaction would consist of renewable, abundant, and affordable feedstock, such as biomass, that can be readily oxidized to a more valuable compound. The photoelectrochemical oxidation of glycerol to value-added commodity chemicals fits these criteria. Glycerol is the main byproduct of biodiesel production, and as such is cheap and abundant. As investment in clean fuels increases, the production of biodiesel will continue to increase, leading to an overabundance of glycerol, which can create storage and environmental issues. Developing systems to valorize glycerol will ensure sustainable biodiesel production and advance the transition to renewable fuels. Glycerol consists of three alcohol groups, and many oxidation pathways are possible, with the most profitable being the selective oxidation of the secondary alcohol to a ketone to make dihydroxyacetone (DHA). This conversion yields an over 200-fold value increase from $0.66 to $150 per kilogram. Thus, photoelectrochemical DHA production can provide an opportunity to make PEC operation more profitable while improving the sustainability of the biodiesel industry. BiVO4 is a good candidate for photoelectrochemical glycerol oxidation as it has a favorable band gap (2.4eV), excellent charge separation, and low water oxidation selectivity. In this presentation, we report our recent results obtained for photoelectrochemical glycerol oxidation using a BiVO4 photoanode. We will discuss various surface modifications of BiVO4 that we employed to elucidate the reaction mechanisms and to maximize the efficiency and selectivity for DHA production.
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Ren, Kai, Yong X. Gan, Efstratios Nikolaidis, Sharaf Al Sofyani, and Lihua Zhang. "Electrolyte Concentration Effect of a Photoelectrochemical Cell Consisting of TiO2 Nanotube Anode." ISRN Materials Science 2013 (March 20, 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/682516.

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The photoelectrochemical responses of a TiO2 nanotube anode in ethylene glycol (EG), glycerol, ammonia, ethanol, urea, and Na2S electrolytes with different concentrations were investigated. The TiO2 nanotube anode was highly efficient in photoelectrocatalysis in these solutions under UV light illumination. The photocurrent density is obviously affected by the concentration change. Na2S generated the highest photocurrent density at 0, 1, and 2 V bias voltages, but its concentration does not significantly affect the photocurrent density. Urea shows high open circuit voltage at proper concentration and low photocurrent at different concentrations. Externally applied bias voltage is also an important factor that changes the photoelectrochemical reaction process. In view of the open circuit voltage, EG, ammonia, and ethanol fuel cells show the trend that the open circuit voltage (OCV) increases with the increase of the concentration of the solutions. Glycerol has the highest OCV compared with others, and it deceases with the increase in the concentration because of the high viscosity. The OCV of the urea and Na2S solutions did not show obvious concentration effect.
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15

Gan, Yong X., Bo J. Gan, Evan Clark, Lusheng Su, and Lihua Zhang. "Converting environmentally hazardous materials into clean energy using a novel nanostructured photoelectrochemical fuel cell." Materials Research Bulletin 47, no. 9 (September 2012): 2380–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2012.05.049.

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16

Huang, Mingjuan, Chunhong Zhou, Jiuying Tian, Ke Yang, Han Yang, and Jusheng Lu. "Self-powered aptasensing for prostate specific antigen based on a membraneless photoelectrochemical fuel cell." Biosensors and Bioelectronics 165 (October 2020): 112357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2020.112357.

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17

Chong, Ruifeng, Baoyun Wang, Deliang Li, Zhixian Chang, and Ling Zhang. "Enhanced photoelectrochemical activity of Nickel-phosphate decorated phosphate-Fe2O3 photoanode for glycerol-based fuel cell." Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 160 (February 2017): 287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2016.10.052.

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18

Bhanawat, Abhinav, Keyong Zhu, and Laurent Pilon. "How do bubbles affect light absorption in photoelectrodes for solar water splitting?" Sustainable Energy & Fuels 6, no. 3 (2022): 910–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1se01730f.

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This study quantified the optical losses due to gas bubbles present on the surface of photoelectrodes in a photoelectrochemical cell by simulating the area-averaged and local variation in light absorption.
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19

Kadosh, Yanir, Eli Korin, and Armand Bettelheim. "Room-temperature conversion of the photoelectrochemical oxidation of methane into electricity at nanostructured TiO2." Sustainable Energy & Fuels 5, no. 1 (2021): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0se00984a.

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The room-temperature operation of a methane-based photo-fuel cell is demonstrated for the first time. This is achieved using a TiO2 nanotube arrays photoanode which shows effective oxidation of methane.
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20

Jeng, King-Tsai, Yu-Chang Liu, Yung-Fang Leu, Yu-Zhen Zeng, Jen-Chren Chung, and Tsong-Yang Wei. "Membrane electrode assembly-based photoelectrochemical cell for hydrogen generation." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 35, no. 20 (October 2010): 10890–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.07.058.

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21

Andrade, Tatiana S., Antero R. S. Neto, Francisco G. E. Nogueira, Luiz C. A. Oliveira, Márcio C. Pereira, and Panagiotis Lianos. "Photo-Charging a Zinc-Air Battery Using a Nb2O5-CdS Photoelectrode." Catalysts 12, no. 10 (October 15, 2022): 1240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12101240.

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Integrating a photoelectrode into a zinc-air battery is a promising approach to reducing the overpotential required for charging a metal-air battery by using solar energy. In this work, a photo-fuel cell employing a Nb2O5/CdS photoanode and a Zn foil as a counter-electrode worked as a photoelectrochemical battery that saves up to 1.4 V for battery charging. This is the first time a Nb2O5-based photoelectrode is reported as a photoanode in a metal-air battery, and the achieved gain is one of the top results reported so far. Furthermore, the cell consumed an organic fuel, supporting the idea of using biomass wastes as a power source for sunlight-assisted charging of metal-air batteries. Thus, this device provides additional environmental benefits and contributes to technologies integrating solar energy conversion and storage.
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22

Barczuk, Piotr J., Adam Lewera, Krzysztof Miecznikowski, Pawel Kulesza, and Jan Augustynski. "Visible Light-Driven Photoelectrochemical Conversion of the By-Products of the Ethanol Fuel Cell into Hydrogen." Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters 12, no. 12 (2009): B165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.3236383.

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23

Zhao, Qianwen, Zhen Li, Qiang Deng, Licai Zhu, Suilian Luo, and Hong Li. "Paired photoelectrocatalytic reactions of glucose driven by a photoelectrochemical fuel cell with assistance of methylene blue." Electrochimica Acta 210 (August 2016): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2016.05.117.

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24

Wang, Qian, Takashi Hisatomi, Masao Katayama, Tsuyoshi Takata, Tsutomu Minegishi, Akihiko Kudo, Taro Yamada, and Kazunari Domen. "Particulate photocatalyst sheets for Z-scheme water splitting: advantages over powder suspension and photoelectrochemical systems and future challenges." Faraday Discussions 197 (2017): 491–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6fd00184j.

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Water splitting using semiconductor photocatalysts has been attracting growing interest as a means of solar energy based conversion of water to hydrogen, a clean and renewable fuel. Z-scheme photocatalytic water splitting based on the two-step excitation of an oxygen evolution photocatalyst (OEP) and a hydrogen evolution photocatalyst (HEP) is a promising approach toward the utilisation of visible light. In particular, a photocatalyst sheet system consisting of HEP and OEP particles embedded in a conductive layer has been recently proposed as a new means of obtaining efficient and scalable redox mediator-free Z-scheme solar water splitting. In this paper, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the photocatalyst sheet approach compared to conventional photocatalyst powder suspension and photoelectrochemical systems through an examination of the water splitting activity of Z-scheme systems based on SrTiO3:La,Rh as the HEP and BiVO4:Mo as the OEP. This photocatalyst sheet was found to split pure water much more efficiently than the powder suspension and photoelectrochemical systems, because the underlying metal layer efficiently transfers electrons from the OEP to the HEP. The photocatalyst sheet also outperformed a photoelectrochemical parallel cell during pure water splitting. The effects of H+/OH− concentration overpotentials and of the IR drop are reduced in the case of the photocatalyst sheet compared to photoelectrochemical systems, because the HEP and OEP are situated in close proximity to one another. Therefore, the photocatalyst sheet design is well-suited to efficient large-scale applications. Nevertheless, it is also noted that the photocatalytic activity of these sheets drops markedly with increasing background pressure because of reverse reactions involving molecular oxygen under illumination as well as delays in gas bubble desorption. It is shown that appropriate surface modifications allow the photocatalyst sheet to maintain its water splitting activity at elevated pressure. Accordingly, we conclude that the photocatalyst sheet system is a viable option for the realisation of efficient solar fuel production.
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Liu, Ya, Dan Lei, Xiaoqi Guo, Tengfei Ma, Feng Wang, and Yubin Chen. "Scale Effect on Producing Gaseous and Liquid Chemical Fuels via CO2 Reduction." Energies 15, no. 1 (January 4, 2022): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15010335.

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Producing chemical fuels from sunlight is a sustainable way to utilize solar energy and reduce carbon emissions. Within the current photovoltaic-electrolysis or photoelectrochemical-based solar fuel generation system, electrochemical CO2 reduction is the key step. Although there has been important progress in developing new materials and devices, scaling up electrochemical CO2 reduction is essential to promote the industrial application of this technology. In this work, we use Ag and In as the representative electrocatalyst for producing gas and liquid products in both small and big electrochemical cells. We find that gas production is blocked more easily than liquid products when scaling up the electrochemical cell. Simulation results show that the generated gas product, CO, forms bubbles on the surface of the electrocatalyst, thus blocking the transport of CO2, while there is no such trouble for producing the liquid product such as formate. This work provides methods for studying the mass transfer of CO, and it is also an important reference for scaling up solar fuel generation devices that are constructed based on electrochemical CO2 reduction.
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26

Zhang, Bingqing, Qingsong Zhang, Lihua He, Yifu Xia, Fuhong Meng, Guoliang Liu, Quanzi Pan, et al. "Photoelectrochemical Oxidation of Glucose on Tungsten Trioxide Electrode for Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensing and Fuel Cell Applications." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 166, no. 8 (2019): B569—B575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2.0221908jes.

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27

He, Lihua, Quanbing Liu, Shenjie Zhang, Xiangtian Zhang, Chunli Gong, Honghui Shu, Guangjin Wang, Hai Liu, Sheng Wen, and Bingqing Zhang. "High sensitivity of TiO2 nanorod array electrode for photoelectrochemical glucose sensor and its photo fuel cell application." Electrochemistry Communications 94 (September 2018): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2018.07.021.

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28

Gutierrez, Ronald R., and Sophia Haussener. "Modeling and design guidelines of high-temperature photoelectrochemical devices." Sustainable Energy & Fuels 5, no. 7 (2021): 2169–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0se01749c.

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A quasi-integrated high-temperature device composed of a high-temperature solar cell and a planar solid oxide electrolyzer for the generation of H2 and syngas was computationally evaluated. We assess feasibility and provide design guidelines for improved device performance.
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29

Milczarek, Grzegorz, Atsuo Kasuya, Sergiy Mamykin, T. Arai, K. Shinoda, and K. Tohji. "Optimization of a two-compartment photoelectrochemical cell for solar hydrogen production." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 28, no. 9 (September 2003): 919–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0360-3199(02)00171-4.

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30

Xu, K., A. Chatzitakis, E. Vøllestad, Q. Ruan, J. Tang, and T. Norby. "Hydrogen from wet air and sunlight in a tandem photoelectrochemical cell." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 44, no. 2 (January 2019): 587–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.11.030.

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31

Swierk, John R., Dalvin D. Méndez-Hernández, Nicholas S. McCool, Paul Liddell, Yuichi Terazono, Ian Pahk, John J. Tomlin, et al. "Metal-free organic sensitizers for use in water-splitting dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 6 (January 12, 2015): 1681–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1414901112.

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Solar fuel generation requires the efficient capture and conversion of visible light. In both natural and artificial systems, molecular sensitizers can be tuned to capture, convert, and transfer visible light energy. We demonstrate that a series of metal-free porphyrins can drive photoelectrochemical water splitting under broadband and red light (λ > 590 nm) illumination in a dye-sensitized TiO2 solar cell. We report the synthesis, spectral, and electrochemical properties of the sensitizers. Despite slow recombination of photoinjected electrons with oxidized porphyrins, photocurrents are low because of low injection yields and slow electron self-exchange between oxidized porphyrins. The free-base porphyrins are stable under conditions of water photoelectrolysis and in some cases photovoltages in excess of 1 V are observed.
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32

Zhang, Jun, Ankang Fang, Jili Zheng, Penglin Yang, Shuai Lv, Chuanxiao Cheng, Peiyuan Xu, and Shuang Cao. "Flowable capacitive cathode for efficiency carbon dioxide reduction in photoelectrochemical cell." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 45, no. 3 (June 19, 2023): 7294–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2023.2220678.

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33

LaTempa, Thomas J., Sanju Rani, Ningzhong Bao, and Craig A. Grimes. "Generation of fuel from CO2 saturated liquids using a p-Si nanowire ‖ n-TiO2 nanotube array photoelectrochemical cell." Nanoscale 4, no. 7 (2012): 2245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2nr00052k.

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34

Du, Chun, Jie Yang, Jinhui Yang, Yunkun Zhao, Rong Chen, and Bin Shan. "An iron oxide -copper bismuth oxide photoelectrochemical cell for spontaneous water splitting." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 43, no. 51 (December 2018): 22807–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.10.170.

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35

Adamopoulos, Panagiotis Marios, Ioannis Papagiannis, Dimitrios Raptis, and Panagiotis Lianos. "Photoelectrocatalytic Hydrogen Production Using a TiO2/WO3 Bilayer Photocatalyst in the Presence of Ethanol as a Fuel." Catalysts 9, no. 12 (November 21, 2019): 976. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9120976.

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Photoelectrocatalytic hydrogen production was studied by using a photoelectrochemical cell where the photoanode was made by depositing on FTO electrodes either a nanoparticulate WO3 film alone or a bilayer film made of nanoparticulate WO3 at the bottom covered with a nanoparticulate TiO2 film on the top. Both the electric current and the hydrogen produced by the photoelectrocatalysis cell substantially increased by adding the top titania layer. The presence of this layer did not affect the current-voltage characteristics of the cell (besides the increase of the current density). This was an indication that the flow of electrons in the combined semiconductor photoanode was through the WO3 layer. The increase of the current was mainly attributed to the passivation of the surface recombination sites on WO3 contributing to the limitation of charge recombination mechanisms. In addition, the top titania layer may have contributed to photon absorption by back scattering of light and thus by enhancement of light absorption by WO3. Relatively high charge densities were recorded, owing both to the improvement of the photoanode by the combined photocatalyst and to the presence of ethanol as the sacrificial agent (fuel), which affected the recorded current by “current doubling” phenomena. Hydrogen was produced under electric bias using a simple cathode electrode made of carbon paper carrying carbon black as the electrocatalyst. This electrode gave a Faradaic efficiency of 58% for hydrogen production.
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Kudchikar, Tushar, Samsudeen Naina Mohamed, and Priya Dharshini Palanivel. "NiO & CuO nanocomposites coated photoanode for conversion of CO2 into solar fuel using photoelectrochemical cell." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 45, no. 4 (September 1, 2023): 10926–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2023.2252778.

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37

Su'ait, M. S., A. Ahmad, K. H. Badri, N. S. Mohamed, M. Y. A. Rahman, C. L. Azanza Ricardo, and P. Scardi. "The potential of polyurethane bio-based solid polymer electrolyte for photoelectrochemical cell application." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 39, no. 6 (February 2014): 3005–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.08.117.

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Mahmoud, Mohamed, Amer S. El-Kalliny, and Gaetano Squadrito. "Stacked titanium dioxide nanotubes photoanode facilitates unbiased hydrogen production in a solar-driven photoelectrochemical cell powered with a microbial fuel cell treating animal manure wastewater." Energy Conversion and Management 254 (February 2022): 115225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2022.115225.

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39

Kim, Tae Gyun, Jung Hwan Lee, Gayea Hyun, Sungsoon Kim, Do Hyung Chun, SunJe Lee, Gwangmin Bae, Hyung-Suk Oh, Seokwoo Jeon, and Jong Hyeok Park. "Monolithic Lead Halide Perovskite Photoelectrochemical Cell with 9.16% Applied Bias Photon-to-Current Efficiency." ACS Energy Letters 7, no. 1 (December 17, 2021): 320–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.1c02326.

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40

Santos Andrade, Tatiana, Ioannis Papagiannis, Vassilios Dracopoulos, Márcio César Pereira, and Panagiotis Lianos. "Visible-Light Activated Titania and Its Application to Photoelectrocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Production." Materials 12, no. 24 (December 17, 2019): 4238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12244238.

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Photoelectrochemical cells have been constructed with photoanodes based on mesoporous titania deposited on transparent electrodes and sensitized in the Visible by nanoparticulate CdS or CdS combined with CdSe. The cathode electrode was an air–breathing carbon cloth carrying nanoparticulate carbon. These cells functioned in the Photo Fuel Cell mode, i.e., without bias, simply by shining light on the photoanode. The cathode functionality was governed by a two-electron oxygen reduction, which led to formation of hydrogen peroxide. Thus, these devices were employed for photoelectrocatalytic hydrogen peroxide production. Two-compartment cells have been used, carrying different electrolytes in the photoanode and cathode compartments. Hydrogen peroxide production has been monitored by using various electrolytes in the cathode compartment. In the presence of NaHCO3, the Faradaic efficiency for hydrogen peroxide production exceeded 100% due to a catalytic effect induced by this electrolyte. Photocurrent has been generated by either a CdS/TiO2 or a CdSe/CdS/TiO2 combination, both functioning in the presence of sacrificial agents. Thus, in the first case ethanol was used as fuel, while in the second case a mixture of Na2S with Na2SO3 has been employed.
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41

Papagiannis, Ioannis, Nikolaos Balis, Vassilios Dracopoulos, and Panagiotis Lianos. "Photoelectrocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Production Using Nanoparticulate WO3 as Photocatalyst and Glycerol or Ethanol as Sacrificial Agents." Processes 8, no. 1 (December 30, 2019): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8010037.

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Photoelectrochemical production of hydrogen peroxide was studied by using a cell functioning with a WO3 photoanode and an air breathing cathode made of carbon cloth with a hydrophobic layer of carbon black. The photoanode functioned in the absence of any sacrificial agent by water splitting, but the produced photocurrent was doubled in the presence of glycerol or ethanol. Hydrogen peroxide production was monitored in all cases, mainly in the presence of glycerol. The presence or absence of the organic fuel affected only the obtained photocurrent. The Faradaic efficiency for hydrogen peroxide production was the same in all cases, mounting up to 74%. The duplication of the photocurrent in the presence of biomass derivatives such as glycerol or ethanol and the fact that WO3 absorbed light in a substantial range of the visible spectrum promotes the presently studied system as a sustainable source of hydrogen peroxide production.
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42

Pai, Yi-Hao, and Chih-Teng Tsai. "Synthesis and characterization of bifunctional β-MnO2-based Pt/C photoelectrochemical cell for hydrogen production." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 38, no. 11 (April 2013): 4342–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.02.038.

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43

Imperiyka, M., A. Ahmad, S. A. Hanifah, N. S. Mohamed, and M. Y. A. Rahman. "Investigation of plasticized UV-curable glycidyl methacrylate based solid polymer electrolyte for photoelectrochemical cell (PEC) application." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 39, no. 6 (February 2014): 3018–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.03.059.

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44

Tahir, Muhammad Bilal. "Microbial photoelectrochemical cell for improved hydrogen evolution using nickel ferrite incorporated WO3 under visible light irradiation." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 44, no. 32 (June 2019): 17316–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.01.067.

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45

Anuratha, Krishnan Shanmugam, Mia Rinawati, Tzu-Ho Wu, Min-Hsin Yeh, and Jeng-Yu Lin. "Recent Development of Nickel-Based Electrocatalysts for Urea Electrolysis in Alkaline Solution." Nanomaterials 12, no. 17 (August 27, 2022): 2970. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12172970.

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Recently, urea electrolysis has been regarded as an up-and-coming pathway for the sustainability of hydrogen fuel production according to its far lower theoretical and thermodynamic electrolytic cell potential (0.37 V) compared to water electrolysis (1.23 V) and rectification of urea-rich wastewater pollution. The new era of the “hydrogen energy economy” involving urea electrolysis can efficiently promote the development of a low-carbon future. In recent decades, numerous inexpensive and fruitful nickel-based materials (metallic Ni, Ni-alloys, oxides/hydroxides, chalcogenides, nitrides and phosphides) have been explored as potential energy saving monofunctional and bifunctional electrocatalysts for urea electrolysis in alkaline solution. In this review, we start with a discussion about the basics and fundamentals of urea electrolysis, including the urea oxidation reaction (UOR) and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and then discuss the strategies for designing electrocatalysts for the UOR, HER and both reactions (bifunctional). Next, the catalytic performance, mechanisms and factors including morphology, composition and electrode/electrolyte kinetics for the ameliorated and diminished activity of the various aforementioned nickel-based electrocatalysts for urea electrolysis, including monofunctional (UOR or HER) and bifunctional (UOR and HER) types, are summarized. Lastly, the features of persisting challenges, future prospects and expectations of unravelling the bifunctional electrocatalysts for urea-based energy conversion technologies, including urea electrolysis, urea fuel cells and photoelectrochemical urea splitting, are illuminated.
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46

Abdelazeez, Ahmed Adel A., Amira Ben Gouider Trabelsi, Fatemah H. Alkallas, Samira Elaissi, and Mohamed Rabia. "Facile Preparation of Flexible Lateral 2D MoS2 Nanosheets for Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Generation and Optoelectronic Applications." Photonics 9, no. 9 (September 5, 2022): 638. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9090638.

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Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted significant attention with their high optical response due to their interesting and unique fundamental phenomena. A lateral 2D MoS2 nanosheets was prepared via a facile one-step electrophoretic deposition method on polyethylene terephthalate (PET)/ITO. These nanosheets have been used as photoelectrode materials for photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen generation and optoelectronics. The chemical structure and morphology were confirmed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Raman, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The optical absorbance of the 2D MoS2 nanosheets extended to the UV, Vis, and near-IR regions with a bandgap value of 1.59 eV. The testing of the prepared photoelectrode material, PET/ITO/MoS2, was carried out through a three-electrode system, in which the current density (Jph) value represents the rate of H2 gas evaluated. The Jph enhanced under light illumination compared to the dark conditions with values of 0.4 to 0.98 mA·cm−2, respectively. The produced photocurrent at V = 0 V was 0.44 mA·cm−2. This confirms the great abilities of the PET/ITO/MoS2 photoelectrode in light detection and hydrogen generation with high photoresponsivity values. Soon, our team will work on the development of a prototype of this three-electrode cell to convert the water directly into H2 fuel gas that could be applied in houses and factories, or even in advanced technology such as spacecraft and airplane F-35s by providing H2 gas as a renewable energy source.
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Yin, Xiang, Qiong Liu, Yahui Yang, Yang Liu, Keke Wang, Yaomin Li, Dongwei Li, Xiaoqing Qiu, Wenzhang Li, and Jie Li. "An efficient tandem photoelectrochemical cell composed of FeOOH/TiO2/BiVO4 and Cu2O for self-driven solar water splitting." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 44, no. 2 (January 2019): 594–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.11.032.

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48

Stoll, T., G. Zafeiropoulos, and M. N. Tsampas. "Solar fuel production in a novel polymeric electrolyte membrane photoelectrochemical (PEM-PEC) cell with a web of titania nanotube arrays as photoanode and gaseous reactants." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 41, no. 40 (October 2016): 17807–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.07.230.

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49

Yong, Zi-Jun, Sze-Mun Lam, Jin-Chung Sin, and Abdul RahmanMohamed. "Feasibility study of municipal wastewater removal synchronized with electricity generation via solar-driven photocatalytic fuel cell with Bi2WO6/ZnO nanorods array photoanode." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 945, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/945/1/012004.

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Abstract The reclamation of energy from municipal wastewater treatment process is highly demanded and could resolve the two most formidable dilemmas of water pollution and energy crisis nowadays. In this study, a photocatalytic fuel cell (PFC) utilizing a Z-scheme heterojunction Bi2WO6/ZnO nanorod arrays (NRAs) photoanode was employed for efficient municipal wastewater treatment and electricity generation simultaneously under sunlight irradiation. Various characterization techniques, including energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), transient photoresponse (TPR), and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) were used to analyze the physical, chemical and photoelectrochemical characteristics of the as-synthesized photoanode. The results indicated that the Z-scheme heterojunction Bi2WO6/ZnO NRAs exhibited the excellent photocatalytic performance under sunlight irradiation as compared to pristine ZnO NRAs. Ergo, the PFC system achieved complete removal of COD and produced 3.30 μW cm−2, 37.10 μA cm−2 and 563 mV of maximum power density (Pmax ), short-current density (Jsc) and open-circuit voltage (Voc) within 4 h of sunlight irradiation, respectively. The boosted photoactivity was ascribed to the successful formation of the Z-scheme hybridization interface betwixt the Bi2WO6 and ZnO NRAs, that not only enhanced the visible light adsorption of ZnO NRAs, concomitantly significantly accelerated the spatial charge separation and restrained the electron-hole pair recombination.
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Sun, Yan, and Kang-Ping Yan. "Effect of anodization voltage on performance of TiO2 nanotube arrays for hydrogen generation in a two-compartment photoelectrochemical cell." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 39, no. 22 (July 2014): 11368–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.05.115.

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