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Journal articles on the topic 'Photocatalytsts'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 7 September 2024

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1

Zhang, Qian, Yihe Zhang, Ke Xiao, Zilin Meng, Wangshu Tong, Hongwei Huang, and Qi An. "Plasmonic gold particle generation in layer-by-layer 2D titania films as an effective immobilization strategy of composite photocatalytsts for hydrogen generation." Chemical Engineering Journal 358 (February 2019): 389–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2018.10.052.

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Kočí, Kamila, Han Dang Van, Miroslava Edelmannová, Martin Reli, and Jeffrey C. S. Wu. "Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 using Pt/C3N4 photocatalyts." Applied Surface Science 503 (February 2020): 144426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.144426.

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3

Djaja, Nadia Febiana, and Rosari Saleh. "Characteristics and Photocatalytics Activities of Ce-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles." Materials Sciences and Applications 04, no. 02 (2013): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/msa.2013.42017.

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4

Mohd Zaid, Hayyiratul Fatimah, Chong Fai Kait, and Muhammad Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib. "Photocatalytic Oxidative Desulfurization of Model Oil Using Cu/TiO2 Photocatalyst and Eutectic Based Ionic Liquid: Effect of Metal Loading." Applied Mechanics and Materials 699 (November 2014): 210–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.699.210.

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Titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalyts doped with copper metal at different metal loadings were successfully prepared and characterized. Photocatalytic oxidative desulfurization of model oil containing dibenzothiophene as the sulfur compound (100 ppm) was investigated using the prepared photocatalyst. The photocatalyst with 2.0 wt% Cu metal loading showed the best sulfur removal at 66.25%.
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Mohd Zaid, Hayyiratul Fatimah, Chong Fai Kait, and Mohamed Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib. "Photo Oxidative Extractive Desulfurization of Model Oil Using Fe/TiO2 Photocatalyst and Eutectic Based Ionic Liquid: Effect of Metal Loading." Advanced Materials Research 1133 (January 2016): 664–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1133.664.

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Titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalyts doped with iron metal at different metal loadings were successfully prepared and characterized. The doped photocatalyst were characterized using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DR-UV-Vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM).Photooxidative extractive desulfurization of model oil containing dibenzothiophene as the sulfur compound (100ppm) was investigated using the prepared photocatalyst. The photocatalyst with 0.20 wt% Fe metal loading showed the best sulfur removal at 61.13%.
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6

Niu, Xianghong, Yunhai Li, Qionghua Zhou, Huabing Shu, and Jinlan Wang. "Arsenene-Based Heterostructures: Highly Efficient Bifunctional Materials for Photovoltaics and Photocatalytics." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 9, no. 49 (November 29, 2017): 42856–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b14842.

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7

Chang, Ming Yi, Wei Fu Wang, Yung Hsu Hsieh, and Chen Yu Chang. "Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity of Composite La-TiO2/ITO Thin-Film Electrodes." Advanced Materials Research 79-82 (August 2009): 899–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.79-82.899.

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The different molar ratios of La/Ti (0.025, 0.050, 0.075 and 0.100) photocatalytic electrodes use in this study were synthesized by sol-gel method and dip-coating method. The XRD pattern of TiO2/ITO presents only anatase phases, [1] but for La-TiO2/ITO presents both anatase and rutile phases. The SEM image of the La-TiO2/ITO showed particles of regular shapes with smaller size (＜10nm) compared to the TiO2/ITO, which presented uniform particles of spherical structure and larger size （20nm）.The La-TiO2/ITO photocatalytic electrode with molar ratio 0.050 shows the best ability both on the absorbtion and photocatalytsis. Applied potential 2.0V would effectively increase the photoelectrocatlaytic activity under visible light irradiation.
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8

C.Lavanya, N. Thangam, S.Kanmani, and S.P.Kanniyappan. "Hydrogen production from industrial wastes by photo catalysis." World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences 8, no. 1 (February 28, 2023): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2023.8.1.0034.

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This review focuses on our research findings about efficiency of different nano materials synthesized by us for photocatalytic hydrogen production from industrial wastes. Lab-scale photocatalytic reactors were fabricated for hydrogen production from liquid phase alkaline waste streams and gaseous phase hydrogen sulfide. The effects of operating parameters namely pH, flow rate, light intensity, liquid depth, sulfide and sulphite concentration were investigated for for 7 photocatalysts viz., CuGa2-xFexO4/RuO2, Fe2O3-CdS/ZnS, Pd-Cr2O3/CdS, Ce-TiO2, CdS-ZnS/TiO2, CdS/ZnS, Ti-Cr-MCM-48. Among the photocatalysts used, CdS/ZnS nanosized photocatalyts have a much greater surface area and thus give a better hydrogen yield.
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Gao, Jingru, Shuyue Jia, Jia Liu, Zhaojie Sun, Xu Yang, and Dongyan Tang. "Enhanced effect of adsorption and photocatalytics by TiO2 nanoparticles embedded porous PVDF nanofiber scaffolds." Journal of Materials Research 36, no. 7 (April 7, 2021): 1538–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s43578-021-00181-x.

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10

Bai, Qiang. "Manifestation of the spontaneous parity-time symmetry breaking phase transition in hot-electron photodetection based on a tri-layered metamaterial." Nanophotonics 8, no. 3 (February 14, 2019): 495–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2018-0207.

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AbstractWe theoretically and numerically demonstrate that the spontaneous parity-time (PT) symmetry breaking phase transition can be realized respectively by using two independent tuning ways in a tri-layered metamaterial that consists of periodic array of metal-semiconductor Schottky junctions. The existence conditions of PT symmetry and its phase transition are obtained by using a theoretical model based on the coupled mode theory. A hot-electron photodetection based on the same tri-layered metamaterial is proposed, which can directly show the spontaneous PT symmetry breaking phase transition in photocurrent and possesses dynamical tunability and switchability. This work extends the concept of PT symmetry into the hot-electron photodetection, enriches the functionality of the metamaterial and the hot-electron device, and has varieties of potential and important applications in optoelectronics, photodetection, photovoltaics, and photocatalytics.
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Liang, Haiou, Jie Bai, Tong Xu, and Chunping Li. "In-situ synthesized and photocatalytic performance evaluation of MoS2-C-g-C3N4 heterostructure photocatalyts." Advanced Powder Technology 32, no. 12 (December 2021): 4805–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2021.10.033.

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12

Kato, Shigekazu, Shinji Kato, Hiroshi Taoda, and Shunsaku Katoh. "Thin film coating of photocatalytics on ultra light ceramic tile by use of supercritical fluid." High Pressure Research 20, no. 1-6 (May 2001): 415–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08957950108206189.

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13

Aboul-Gheit, Ahmed K., Sahar M. Ahmed, and Samia A. Hanafy. "Exchanged zeolites with transition metals of the first period as photocatalyts for n-hexadecane degradation." Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical 288, no. 1-2 (June 2008): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcata.2008.03.016.

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14

Liu, Hai, Lixin Yu, Weifan Chen, and Yingyi Li. "The Progress of Nanocrystals Doped with Rare Earth Ions." Journal of Nanomaterials 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/235879.

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In the past decades, TiO2nanocrystals (NCs) have been widely studied in the fields of photoelectric devices, optical communication, and environment for their stability in aqueous solution, being nontoxic, cheapness, and so on. Among the three crystalline phases of TiO2, anatase TiO2NCs are the best crystallized phase of solar energy conversion. However, the disadvantages of high band gap energy (3.2 ev) and the long lifetime of photogenerated electrons and holes limit its photocatalytic activity severely. Therefore, TiO2NCs doped with metal ions is available way to inhibit the transformation from anatase to rutile. Besides, these metal ions will concentrate on the surface of TiO2NCs. All above can enhance the photoactivity of TiO2NCs. In this paper, we mainly outlined the different characterization brought about in the aspect of nanooptics and photocatalytics due to metal ions added in. Also, the paper mainly concentrated on the progress of TiO2NCs doped with rare earth (RE) ions.
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15

Hu, Xiaoxia, Rong Li, and Yanjun Xing. "Simple one-step synthesis of coil-like cobalt zirconium phosphate microspheres and the application as photocatalyts." Materials Letters 264 (April 2020): 127299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2020.127299.

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16

Wang, Lijie, Jiajie Fan, Zetan Cao, Yichao Zheng, Zhiqiang Yao, Guosheng Shao, and Junhua Hu. "Fabrication of Predominantly Mn4+-Doped TiO2Nanoparticles under Equilibrium Conditions and Their Application as Visible-Light Photocatalyts." Chemistry - An Asian Journal 9, no. 7 (May 18, 2014): 1904–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asia.201402114.

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17

Sutisna, Sutisna, Rija Rizqi Maulana, Wenny Maulina, Sujito Sujito, Nindha Ayu Berlianti, and Edy Wibowo. "Influence of Hydrothermal Temperature on the Physical Characteristics and Photocatalytics Activity of TiO2 for Degradation of Amoxicillin." Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia 26, no. 1 (August 6, 2024): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.55981/jsmi.2024.2051.

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Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a photocatalyst material widely used for environmental remediation applications. In this research, TiO2 material was synthesized using the hydrothermal method at various temperatures (150°C, 180°C, and 200°C). Based on the Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) data, it was found that all the synthesized materials showed similar absorption peaks, and Ti-O-Ti bonds were detected, which is a characteristic of TiO2. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that all the synthesized materials were TiO2 anatase with different crystalline sizes. The synthesized TiO2 using the hydrothermal temperature of 180°C showed the smallest crystalline size of 86.81 nm. Based on the analysis of the band gap energy, it was found that wider band gap energy was obtained at higher hydrothermal temperatures. The band gap energies of the synthesized materials are 3.18 eV, 3.19 eV, and 3.21 eV for hydrothermal temperatures of 150°C, 180°C, and 200°C, respectively. The photocatalytic activity of the three synthesized materials was tested in the photodegradation experiment of amoxicillin under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. As a result, it was found that TiO2 synthesized at 180°C has the highest photocatalytic activity by degrading 100% of amoxicillin compounds within 120 minutes.
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Wu, Lei, Zhao Li, Yujie Li, Huimin Hu, Yanchu Liu, and Qiwu Zhang. "Mechanochemical syntheses of bismuth oxybromides BixOyBrz as visible-light responsive photocatalyts for the degradation of bisphenol A." Journal of Solid State Chemistry 270 (February 2019): 458–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2018.12.010.

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19

Moon, In-Seob, Hyeong-Seok Seo, Ki-Joong Kim, Seung-Ho Jang, Woon-Jo Jeong, So-Lim Moon, Hye-Ran Lee, et al. "Decomposition of MEK and Toluene Over Nanolayered TiO2 Photocatalyts Prepared from Metallic Titanium Chip." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 11, no. 8 (August 1, 2011): 7382–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2011.4801.

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20

Zuo, Jiaxiang, Xin Jin, and Hui Zeng. "Natural Fresh Proteins Directed Hierarchically Porous Nitrogen-doped TiO2 as with High Performance as Photocatalyts and Electrode Materials." Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater. Sci. Ed. 36, no. 2 (April 2021): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11595-021-2392-z.

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21

Dai, Chunhui, Shidang Xu, Wei Liu, Xuezhong Gong, Majid Panahandeh-Fard, Zitong Liu, Deqing Zhang, Can Xue, Kian Ping Loh, and Bin Liu. "Dibenzothiophene-S ,S -Dioxide-Based Conjugated Polymers: Highly Efficient Photocatalyts for Hydrogen Production from Water under Visible Light." Small 14, no. 34 (July 24, 2018): 1801839. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.201801839.

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22

Yuan, Kaiwen, Bo Gong, Chundong Peng, Yanmei Feng, Yingmo Hu, Kai Chen, Daimei Chen, and Derek Hao. "Porphyrin Modified UiO-66-NH2 for Highly Efficient Photoreduction of Cr(VI) under Visible Light." Catalysts 13, no. 7 (July 6, 2023): 1073. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13071073.

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Cr(VI) is a common heavy metal pollutants present in the aquatic environment, which possess toxic and carcinogenic properties. In this study, a solvothermal reaction was used to prepare porphyrin (TCPP)-modified UiO-66-NH2 (UNT). The UNT integrated adsorption and photocatalytics in the application for dealing with Cr(VI). The photocatalytic reduction activities of UNT for Cr(VI) were investigated under visible light illumination. We found that the TCPP doping amount of 15 mg UNT (15-UNT) had a 10 times higher reduction rate of Cr(VI) than pristine UiO-66-NH2. The optimal 15-UNT photocatalyst demonstrated the highest photocatalytic activity, and Cr(VI) was completely removed within 80 min. In addition, the introduction of porphyrin not only enhanced the absorption of light but also enabled the transport of photogenerated electrons from porphyrin to UiO-66-NH2, which promoted the separation of charge carriers. Furthermore, the effects of factors such as porphyrin content, pH and light source on the photocatalytic reduction performances of UNT were also explored. Overall, this work presented a possible relationship between the crystal structures and the performance of UNT.
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23

Kokila, Selvasubramanian, and Arputharaj Samson Nesaraj. "Inorganic Metal Oxides and Multi-Component Nanocomposites Based Photocatalysts for the Superior Degradation of Pollutants from Water." Asian Journal of Chemistry 35, no. 12 (December 2, 2023): 2879–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2023.30545.

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Water is a primary and essential source of every living organism and it is a most precious gift of Mother Nature which helps every living creature to survive. However, this water is highly polluted now-a-days by various unethical activities by human beings. Many industrial units like textile mills, pharmaceutical units, mines, paper mills, dyeing units, sugar industries, leather purifying units, electroplating plants, fine chemical units, oil refineries, etc. produce huge amount waste products in the form of toxic chemicals and pollutants every day and enter the water bodies without proper treatment. Various techniques are available to purify the polluted water by eliminating the toxicity of pollutants; some of them are reverse osmosis, electrode ionization, ion exchange, submicron filtrations, etc. Among all these water treatment procedures, photocatalysis is found to be most versatile, low cost and environmentally benign technique. In this review, a prime focus is given on the performance of different photocatalysts based on ZnO, CuO, NiO, SnO2, MgO, multicomponent metal oxides and composites in degrading and removing unwanted impurities present in polluted water. The importance of using metal oxide based photocatalyts in treating the polluted water is also discussed.
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Zhang, Xinfei, Yuan Zhang, Xiaobo Jia, Nan Zhang, Rui Xia, Xiaojiao Zhang, Ziwei Wang, and Mingqiao Yu. "In situ fabrication of a novel S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyts Bi2O3/P-C3N4 to enhance levofloxacin removal from water." Separation and Purification Technology 268 (August 2021): 118691. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118691.

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Peng, Yulan, Xiaojun Shen, Lingzhi Wang, Baozhu Tian, Yongdi Liu, Haijun Chen, Juying Lei, and Jinlong Zhang. "Preparation of porous TiO2 photocatalyts with different crystal phases and high catalytic activity by simple calcination of titanate nanofibers." RSC Adv. 7, no. 72 (2017): 45742–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra08381e.

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26

Gana, I. N., V. U. Ohageria, U. G. Akpan, and I. J. Ani. "SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NEEM-BASED ZINC OXIDE PHOTOCATALYST." JOURNAL OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS 36, no. 1 (April 17, 2021): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.51975/lndp7232.

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The use of chemicals for the synthesis of photocatalyts poses threat to the environment. In this study, an active photocatalyst, Dalbejiya Dongoyaro (Azadirachta indica)-based zinc oxide (ZnO) was biosynthesized from zinc acetate dihydrate using sol gel and precipitation methods. The synthesized samples were characterized using Fourier Transfer InfraRed (FTIR), X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD), Brunauer Emmet Teller (BET), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) characterization techniques. The XRD and SEM analysis of the green synthesized and non-green synthesized ZnO demonstrated the formation of hexagonal wurtzite crystalline structure and agglomerated morphology. EDX analysis demonstrated the existence of Zn and O as the major constituents of the as-synthesized nanoparticles with traces of carbon which could be attributed to the carbon tape of the sample holder. The BET analysis displayed that the surface area of the ZnO nanoparticles increased from 23.75 to 97.08 cm3/g after the green synthesis. Based on the surface area values, it can be derived that neem leaf extract enhanced the surface area of the green synthesized sample. Green synthesis is a promising route for the synthesis of photocatalyst nanoparticle which is environmentally friendly and sustainable method. Keywords: Zinc oxide, Neem leaf extract, Photocatalyt, Degradation, Bio-synthesis
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Felice, Betiana, Vera Seitz, Maximilian Bach, Christin Rapp, and Erich Wintermantel. "Antimicrobial polymers: Antibacterial efficacy of silicone rubber–titanium dioxide composites." Journal of Composite Materials 51, no. 16 (September 14, 2016): 2253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998316668984.

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Control and reduction of microorganism infections in high-risk environments is up to date a challenge. Traditional techniques imply several limitations including development of antibiotics resistance and ecotoxicity. Then, polymers functionalized with photocatalyts arise as a promising solution against a broad spectrum of microorganisms found at, e.g. sanitary, food, and medical environments. Here, we present silicone rubber–TiO2 composites as novel antibacterial polymers. Four different types of composites with different TiO2 contents were produced and analyzed under UV irradiation and dark conditions in terms of particle distribution, chemical composition, photocatalytic activity, wettability, and antibacterial efficacy against Escherichia coli. Under UV irradiation, antibacterial sensitivity assay showed a 1000 times reduction of colony forming units after 2 h of light exposure so that the antibacterial ability of silicone–TiO2 composites was proved. Photocatalytic activity assessment suggested that reactive oxygen species induced by photocatalytic reaction at TiO2 particles are the main cause of the observed antibacterial effect. Scanning electron microscopy indicated no topographical damage after UV exposure. In addition, chemical analysis through Raman and X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopies demonstrated the stability of the silicone matrix under UV irradiation. Hence, the current work presents silicone–TiO2 composites as stable nonspecific antibacterial polymers for prevention of infections at multiple high-risk environments.
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Iqbal, Aamir, Zeeshan Ahmed Siddiqui, Muhammad Saeed, Muhammad Ammar, and Fatima Siddiqui. "Zn-g-CN photocatalyst for dye photodegradation in aqueous medium its fabrication and characterization." International Conference on Applied Engineering and Natural Sciences 1, no. 1 (July 20, 2023): 421–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.59287/icaens.1032.

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This study focuses on the formation of photocatalyts Zn/g-CN composite's, characterization, and inquiry for the degradation of Rhodamine B dye in aqueous medium. Thermal calcination of urea produced graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN). The heterojunction between Zn and g-CN increased the photocatalytic activity of g-CN. Zn and g-CN were subjected to a 3-hour, 550°C thermal treatment in a muffle furnace to create the heterojunction. Various analytical techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV visible spectroscopy were applied for the investigation of physicochemical properties of synthesized g-CN and Zn/g-CN composite. Analyzing the catalytic breakdown of dyes under the influence of sun light was done in a Pyrex glass beaker. For the study of dye degradation, the impact of various experimental variables including catalyst dose, temperature, and dye concentration was examined. The UV-visible spectrophotometer was used to evaluate the reaction mixture. The findings showed that Zn/g-CN nanocomposite has superior catalytic properties to pure g-CN. Using the Arrhenius equation, the activation energy of the catalyst for the degradation of rhodamine B dye was found to be 30.06 kJ/mol, significantly less than the activation energy of bare g-CN, which was 40.06 kJ/mol.
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29

Abreu, Norberto J., Héctor Valdés, Claudio A. Zaror, Tatianne Ferreira de Oliveira, Federico Azzolina-Jury, and Frédéric Thibault-Starzyk. "Evidence of Synergy Effects between Zinc and Copper Oxides with Acidic Sites on Natural Zeolite during Photocatalytic Oxidation of Ethylene Using Operando DRIFTS Studies." Catalysts 13, no. 3 (March 17, 2023): 610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13030610.

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In this article, the role of surface sites of modified zeolites with semiconductor nanoparticles as alternative photocatalyts for protecting post-harvest foodstuff from the detrimental effects of ethylene is addressed. Two single and one double catalyst based on zinc and copper oxides supported over modified zeolite samples were prepared. Physical, chemical, and surface properties of prepared materials were studied by several characterization methods. UV-Vis absorption spectra show that the applied modification procedures increase the optical absorption of light in the UV and visible regions, suggesting that an increase in the photocatalytic activity could take place mainly in the obtained co-impregnated catalyst. An ethylene conversion around 50% was achieved when the parent natural zeolite support was modified with both transition metal oxides, obtaining higher removal efficiency in comparison to single oxide catalysts. Adsorption and photocatalytic oxidation experiments were also performed using single and double catalysts supported over fumed silica, attaining lower ethylene conversion and thus highlighting the role of zeolite surfaces as adsorption sites for ethylene during photocatalytic reactions. Operando diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) studies reveal that a synergistic mechanism occurs, involving ethylene adsorption at acidic sites of zeolite and its photocatalytic oxidation due to the generation of radicals by the light activation of nanoparticles of zinc and copper oxides.
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Liu, Tingting, Fanyu Yang, Liming Wang, Liang Pei, Yushan Hu, Ru Li, Kang Hou, and Tianlong Ren. "Synergistic Effect of Charge Separation and Multiple Reactive Oxygen Species Generation on Boosting Photocatalytic Degradation of Fluvastatin by ZnIn2S4/Bi2WO6 Z-Scheme Heterostructured Photocatalytst." Toxics 10, no. 10 (September 22, 2022): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10100555.

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The application of semiconductor photocatalysts with narrow band gaps is hindered by the rapid recombination of electron–hole pairs and limitation of multiple reactive oxygen species (ROS) synchronous generation. A n–n-type direct Z-scheme heterostructured photocatalyst was constructed based on the staggered band alignment of bismuth tungstate (Bi2WO6) and indium zinc sulfide (ZnIn2S4) to reveal the synergistic effect of charge separation and multiple ROS synchronous generation on boosting photocatalytic performance. Under irradiation, electrons in the conduction band (CB) of Bi2WO6 and holes in the valence band (VB) of ZnIn2S4 recombined at interface to prolong the lifetime of electrons in the CB of ZnIn2S4 and holes in the VB of Bi2WO6. Meanwhile, the multiple ROS synchronously generated to oxidize pollutant due to the strong redox ability of electrons of ZnIn2S4 and holes of Bi2WO6, which was determined by the CB potential of ZnIn2S4 and VB potential of Bi2WO6. The results provided valuable insights for the application of photocatalysts with a narrow band gap in the field of water pollution control.
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Kusworo, Tutuk Djoko, and Meitri Bella Puspa. "Performance of PVDF-La dope TiO2 Membrane Photocatalytic Under Visible Light Irradiation for Produced Water Treatment." E3S Web of Conferences 503 (2024): 06006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202450306006.

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Membrane technology has been widely applied in water management systems for production, but is still hindered by fouling phenomena and low selectivity. Improving membrane performance through modification, such as the addition of photocatalytic materials, has been explored. In this research, La@TiO2 composite was incorporated into PVDF membranes for the treatment of produced water. Lanthanum doping on TiO2 effectively inhibits carrier recombination and enhances photocatalytic activity. According to the research results, adding the La@TiO2 composite to the membrane matrix increased the porosity value and membrane pore size. The PVDF-La@TiO2 1.5%wt membrane exhibited the highest flux values, specifically 20.59 L.m-2.h-1 and 40 L.m-2.h-1 in dark conditions and visible light irradiation. The rejection rates for COD, TDS, and ammonia were 69.89%, 57.77%, and 69.65%. The photocatalytic degradation effect of PVDF-La@TiO2 is proven by a significant difference in the filtration results under vis-light irradiation. The kinetics of COD removal are better described by a pseudo-first-order model. The degradation of PVDF-La@TiO2 1.5% pollutant demonstrated significant results, confirming its photocatalytic activity under irradiation. Overall, the membrane exhibited good performance and proved to be reusable after 6 hours of photofiltration. This research holds promise for enhancing the use of membrane photocatalytics in the treatment of produced water.
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32

Bian, Liran, Yongchun Dong, and Biao Jiang. "Simplified creation of polyester fabric supported Fe-based MOFs by an industrialized dyeing process: Conditions optimization, photocatalytics activity and polyvinyl alcohol removal." Journal of Environmental Sciences 116 (June 2022): 52–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2021.06.007.

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33

Xu, Hangxun. "Conjugated Polymer Nanosheets for Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2018-01, no. 31 (April 13, 2018): 1914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2018-01/31/1914.

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Photocatalysts based on semiconducting conjugated polymers have shown great potential in solar-driven water splitting. The synthetic conjugated polymers offer great versability to design photocatalyts with suitable electronic structures for photocatalytic reactions. So far much efforts have been devoted to developing semiconducting conjugated polymers for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. However, conjugated polymers that are able to efficiently split pure water under visible light (>400 nm) via a four-electron pathway have been proved to be challenging. We show that 1,3-diyne-linked conjugated polymer nanosheets obtained by oxidative coupling of terminal alkynes such as 1,3,5-tris-(4-ethynylphenyl)-benzene (TEPB) and 1,3,5-triethynylbenzene (TEB) are possessing suitable band structures for photocatalytic overall water splitting and can act as highly efficient photocatalysts for splitting pure water (pH~7) into stoichiometric amounts of H2 and O2 under visible light irradiation. We also reveal that these conjugated polymers are indeed able to split pure water via first-principles calculations. Using in situ techniques, we could further elucidate the molecular intermediates that are formed during the photocatalytic process, providing strong evidence that the water splitting reaction could occur on the surface of polymer photocatalysts. We believe that our study could provide new insights in design and synthesis of semiconductors that are able to catalyze overall water splitting at neutral pH with sunlight as the only energy input.
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Lee, Mei Jiun, Chi Siang Ong, Woei Jye Lau, Be Cheer Ng, Ahmad Fauzi Ismail, and Soon Onn Lai. "Degradation of PVDF-based composite membrane and its impacts on membrane intrinsic and separation properties." Journal of Polymer Engineering 36, no. 3 (April 1, 2016): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2015-0064.

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Abstract In this work, an attempt was made to evaluate the effects of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation period on the intrinsic and separation properties of composite membrane composed of organic polyvinylidene fluoride and inorganic titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles by exposing the membrane to UV-A light for up to 250 h. The changes on membrane structural morphologies and chemical characteristics upon UV exposure were studied by field-emission scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared, respectively. It was observed that some cracks and fractures were formed on the membrane outer surface when it was exposed to 120-h UV light. Further increase in UV irradiation time to 250 h had caused membrane structure to collapse, turning it into powder form. Filtration experiments showed that the permeate flux of irradiated membrane was significantly increased from 10.89 L/m2 h to 21.84 L/m2 h (>100% flux increment) while oil rejection decreased with increasing UV exposure time from 0 h to 120 h. Furthermore, the mechanical strength and thermal stability of irradiated membrane were also reported to decrease with increasing UV exposure time, suggesting the negative impacts of UV light on the membrane overall stability. This research is of particular importance to evaluate the suitability and sustainability of polymeric membrane, which is widely considered as the host for photocatalyts and used for wastewater treatment process under UV irradiation.
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Wang, Lijie, Jiajie Fan, Zetan Cao, Yichao Zheng, Zhiqiang Yao, Guosheng Shao, and Junhua Hu. "Cover Picture: Fabrication of Predominantly Mn4+-Doped TiO2Nanoparticles under Equilibrium Conditions and Their Application as Visible-Light Photocatalyts (Chem. Asian J. 7/2014)." Chemistry - An Asian Journal 9, no. 7 (June 20, 2014): 1685. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asia.201490022.

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Yuliati, Leny, Melody Kimi, and Mustaffa Shamsuddin. "Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production from Water on Ga, Sn-Doped ZnS under Visible Light Irradiation." Advanced Materials Research 925 (April 2014): 200–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.925.200.

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Zinc sulfide (ZnS) has been reported to act as a photocatalyts to reduce water to hydrogen. However, ZnS could not work under visible light irradiation due to its large band gap energy. In order to improve the performance of ZnS, Ga and Sn were doped to ZnS. The series of Ga (0.1),Sn (x)-ZnS with various amounts of Sn (x) was prepared by hydrothermal method. XRD patterns suggested that the addition of Ga might reduce the crystallinity of ZnS, suggesting that Ga might inhibit the crystal growth or agglomeration of ZnS. On the other hand addition of Sn did not much affect the structure of the Ga (0.1)-ZnS. The DR UU-visible spectra confirmed the red shift of the absorption edge with the addition of Ga due to the reduced band gap energy, while the addition of Sn did not much shift the absorption edge of the Ga (0.1)-ZnS to longer wavelength. FESEM images showed that all the prepared samples have sphere-shaped particles and no remarkable change was observed with the addition of Ga or Sn. The photocatalytic hydrogen production from water was carried out at room temperature in the presence of sacrificial agent under visible light irradiation. While ZnS did not show activity under visible light, all the prepared Ga (0.1)-ZnS and Ga (0.1),Sn (x)-ZnS samples exhibited photocatalytic activity for hydrogen production. The highest hydrogen production was achieved on Ga (0.1),Sn (0.01)-ZnS, which activity was ca. three times higher than that of the single doped Ga (0.1)-ZnS. This study clearly showed that Sn acted as a good co-dopant to increase the photocatalytic activity of Ga (0.1)-ZnS for hydrogen production from water under visible light irradiation.
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Belekbir, S., M. El Azzouzi, A. El Hamidi, L. Rodríguez-Lorenzo, J. Arturo Santaballa, and M. Canle. "Improved Photocatalyzed Degradation of Phenol, as a Model Pollutant, over Metal-Impregnated Nanosized TiO2." Nanomaterials 10, no. 5 (May 22, 2020): 996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10050996.

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Photocatalyzed degradation of phenol in aqueous solution over surface impregnated TiO2 (M = Cu, Cr, V) under UV-Vis (366 nm) and UV (254 nm) irradiation is described. Nanosized photocatalyts were prepared from TiO2-P25 by wet impregnation, and characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, transmission electron microscopy, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and adsorption studies. No oxide phases of the metal dopants were found, although their presence in the TiO2-P25 lattice induces tensile strain in Cu-impregnated TiO2-P25, whereas compressive strain in Cr- and V-impregnated TiO2-P25. Experimental evidences support chemical and mechanical stability of the photocatalysts. Type IV N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms, with a small H3 loop near the maximum relative pressure were observed. Metal surface impregnated photocatalysts are mesoporous with a similar surface roughness, and a narrow pore distribution around ca. 25 Å. They were chemically stable, showing no metal lixiviation. Their photocatalytic activity was followed by UV-Vis spectroscopy and HPLC–UV. A first order kinetic model appropriately fitted the experimental data. The fastest phenol degradation was obtained with M (0.1%)/TiO2-P25, the reactivity order being Cu > V >> Cr > TiO2-P25 under 366 nm irradiation, while TiO2-P25 > Cu > V > Cr, when using 254 nm radiation. TOC removal under 366 nm irradiation for 300 min showed almost quantitative mineralization for all tested materials, while 254 nm irradiation for 60 min led to maximal TOC removal (ca. 30%). Photoproducts and intermediate photoproducts were identified by HPLC–MS, and appropriate reaction pathways are proposed. The energy efficiency of the process was analysed, showing UV lamps are superior to UVA lamps, and that the efficiency of the surface impregnated catalyst varies in the order Cu > V > Cr.
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Yusha’u, Auwal, Abdulfatai Adabara Siaka, Kamaluddeen Sulaiman Kabo, and Abdullahi Muhammad. "Manganese-Tunable p-type ZnO Nanoscale for Optimized Photocatalytic Degradation of Terasil Blue from Wastewater." Research in Biotechnology and Environmental Science 2, no. 4 (December 25, 2022): 88–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.58803/rbes.v2i4.32.

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Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the structural, morphological, elemental, optical properties and photocatalytic activity of the bare zinc oxide (ZnO) and Manganese-doped zinc oxide (Mn- ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) using terasil blue (TB) dye as a model substrate. Materials and Methods: The ZnO and Mn-doped ZnO catalysts were synthesized using the co-precipitation method. The synthesized photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The band energies were measured using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry. Results: The results obtained from XRD, EDX, SEM, and UV-Vis analyses demonstrated a successful synthesis of bare and Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles. The diffraction patterns for the synthesized ZnO and Mn-doped ZnO photocatalyts were matched with that of the standard hexagonal wurtzite structure of the standard ZnO catalyst. The average particle size for the ZnO and Mn-doped ZnO catalysts were found to be 23.46 nm and 24.38 nm, and band gap energies of 3.28eV and 3.09eV, respectively. The photocatalytic performance of the Mn-doped ZnO photocatalyst was optimized using box behnken design of response surface methodology under visible light irradiation. The operational parameters involved TB initial concentration, catalyst dosage, initial pH, and irradiation time. The optimum photodegradation efficiency of TB dye removal was achieved at 96.75% of 15mg/L of TB concentration, 0.1g/L of Mn-doped ZnO, pH = 10, and 160 minutes of irradiation time. Moreover the photocatalytic degradation of TB over the Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics model (k = 0.0254 min-1). Conclusion: Finally, the evaluation of various scavengers confirmed that the photogenerated holes and hydroxyl radicals were the major radicals for the TB photodegradation over the Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticle under visible light irradiation.
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Nurdiansah, Haniffudin, Diah Susanti, Rena Eka Firlyana, and Hariyati Purwaningsih. "Effect of rGO Addition Toward Photocatalyst Properties of ZnO/rGO/TiO2 for Rhodamine B Degradation." Materials Science Forum 964 (July 2019): 174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.964.174.

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The growth of the textile industry in Indonesia has resulted in increased textile dye waste production. Rhodamine B is one of the dyes that are often used in the textile industry. The use of these dyes will cause serious environmental and biological problems, even able to induce irritation of the skin and eyes. Thus, it is necessary to filter dyes from the textile industry waste in Indonesia. Some conventional methods for removing Rhodamine B are carried out by biochemical and physical-chemical methods, such as liquid membranes, ozonation and adsorption, but this method requires expensive and not very effective costs. One alternative method that can be applied in Indonesia is photocatalysts. Photocatalytics are processes where light and catalyst are simultaneously used to accelerate chemical reactions. In this study, the photocatalyst used was semiconductor material ZnO and TiO2 with the addition of rGO. rGO synthesis was carried out using the Hummer method, for the synthesis of ZnO using Zinc powder as a precursor, and the synthesis of TiO2 using precursor of TiCl3. This study was conducted to analyze the effect of adding 5%, 10%, and 15% rGO to the photocatalytic properties of ZnO / rGO / TiO2 composites for degradation of Rhodamine B. The characterization process carried out in this study included XRD, SEM & EDX, FTIR, and photocatalytic testing. Photocatalyst materials ZnO / rGO / TiO2 with variations in the amount of rGO were synthesized as evidenced by XRD testing, where there was a peak for all three component, SEM, shows the morphology of Zn in the form of hexagonal nano rod, rGO in the form of transparent sheets and TiO2 in the form of agglomerated balls. From FTIR testing, rGO and TiO2 functional groups were seen. The highest efficiency for degradation of Rhodamine-B was obtained for the addition of 15% rGO with a 5-hour irradiation time, ie its efficiency reached 96.92% in degradation of Rhodamine B.
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Luu, Cam Loc, Thi Thuy Van Nguyen, Tri Nguyen, Phung Anh Nguyen, Tien Cuong Hoang, and Cam Anh Ha. "Thin film nano-photocatalyts with low band gap energy for gas phase degradation of p -xylene: TiO 2 doped Cr, UiO66-NH 2 and LaBO 3 (B = Fe, Mn, and Co)." Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 9, no. 1 (December 19, 2017): 015003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2043-6254/aa9db1.

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41

Ishitani, Osamu. "(Invited) Dye-Sensitized Molecular Photoelectrodes for CO2 Reduction Using Water as a Reductant." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 47 (December 22, 2023): 2362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02472362mtgabs.

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Photocatalytic CO2 reduction using visible light and water as a reductant has been one of the important targets for solving global warming problem and shortage of energy and carbon resources. In this presentation, I talk about two projects, i.e., (1) supramolecular photocatalysts with both functions as photosensitizer and catalysts and (2) photocatalytic CO2 reduction coupled to water oxidation. (1) Highly efficient supramolecular photocatalysts for CO2 reduction1-3 Since CO2 is the most oxidized state of carbon, one-electron reduction of CO2 is an extraordinarily high endergonic reaction. From the viewpoints of low-energy light application, the multi-electron reduction of CO2 via chemical reactions promises to be a more valuable process. This is a main reason why both a photosensitizer and a catalyst are required to promote efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction. We have developed so-called supramolecular photocatalyts that have both the photosensitizer and the catalyst units. This bonding in the supramolecular photocatalysts can accelerate electron transfer between the two units, which improves the performance of the photocatalytic system, especially on the surface of photofunctional solid materials as described below. (2) Molecular photoelectrodes for photocatalytic CO2 reduction with water as a reductant 1,4 The molecular photocatalytic systems have a weakness, i.e., weak oxidation power in the excited state. For practical application, water should be used as an electron donor. For overcoming this problem, we have developed a hybrid system consisting of the supramolecular photocatalyst and semiconductor electrodes. The hybrid photoelectrochemical cell consisting of this hybrid photocathode and n-type semiconductor photoanode induced visible-light-driven CO2 reduction with water as a reductant to generate CO and O2. References “Photocatalytic Systems for CO2 Reduction: Metal-Complex Photocatalysts and Their Hybrids with Photofunctional Solid Materials” Kumagai, H.; Tamaki, Y.; Ishitani, O., Acc. Chem. Res. 2022, 55, 978-990. “Mechanistic study of photocatalytic CO2 reduction using a Ru(II)-Re(I) supramolecular photocatalyst” Kamogawa, K.; Shimoda, Y.; Miyata, K.; Onda, K.; Yamazaki, Y.; Tamaki, Y.; Ishitani, O., Chem. Sci. 2021, 12, 9682-9693. “Supramolecular Photocatalysts for the Reduction of CO2” Tamaki, Y.; Ishitani, O., ACS Cat. 2017, 7, 3394-3409. “Supramolecular photocatalysts fixed on the inside of the polypyrrole layer in dye sensitized molecular photocathodes: application to photocatalytic CO2 reduction coupled with water oxidation. Kuttassery, F.; Kumagai, H.; Kamata, R.; Ebato, Y.; Higashi, M.; Suzuki, H.; Abe, R.; Ishitani, O., Chem. Sci. 2021, 12, 13216-13232. Figure 1
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42

Zhou, Shuo, Qiuyan Shen, Feng-Lei Yang, Wenwen Zhan, Xiao-Jun Wang, and Xi-Guang Han. "Engineering Cuboctahedral N-doped C Coated p-CuO/n-TiO2 Heterojunction Toward High-Performance Photocatalytic Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling." Nanoscale, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3nr00717k.

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The low separation efficiency of photogenerated e-h pairs limit the activation of photocatalyts severely. One of brilliant strategy was to construct p-n type semiconductor heterojunction, which can establish an inner...
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43

"Effect of Annealing Temperature on the Photocatalytic Activity of ZnxCd1-Xs Photocatalyts." ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2015-01/37/2026.

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44

Chi, Nianping. "Synthesis and application of CuO-TiO2 hybrid nanostructures as Photocatalytst for degradation of p-nitrophenol in wastewater." International Journal of Electrochemical Science, October 2022, ArticleID:221061. http://dx.doi.org/10.20964/2022.10.50.

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45

Wang, Yanbo, Tianyu Zhou, Haipeng Wang, Liming Wang, Ji Qi, Keyu Cui, Chunbo Liu, and Bo Hu. "Fabricating fragmented intramolecular D-A integrated carbon nitride photocatalyts with elevating activity: Performance and mechanism analysis." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, October 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.09.269.

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46

Coronado, Juan M., Benigno Sánchez, Raquel Portela, and Silvia Suárez. "Solar Photocatalysis for the Elimination of Trichloroethylene in the Gas Phase." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 130, no. 1 (December 28, 2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2807194.

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In the present work, we have studied the photocatalytic degradation of trichloroethylene (TCE) under sunlight illumination with the aim of determining the feasibility of using this technology for gas purification. For these experiments, a continuous flow reactor was employed. This system is basically constituted by a Pyrex glass tube located in the focus of a compound parabolic collector made of anodized aluminum. Raschig rings of borosilicate glass coated with TiO2 and randomly packed within the reactor tube were used as photocatalyts. Results obtained using sunlight illumination indicate that this continuous flow solar reactor can achieve complete TCE degradation. Experimentally, it is found that for moderate conversions, the TCE degradation rate increases linearly with solar irradiance, but a dependence of lower order is observed when removal of the pollutant is almost complete. On the other hand, photonic efficiency decreases linearly with solar irradiance, and it is higher when the molar flow fed to the photoreactor increases. In contrast, the selectivity toward the different partial degradation products (dichloroacetyl chloride, COCl2, etc.) is basically insensitive to solar irradiance.
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47

liu, tingting, Fanyu Yang, Liming Wang, Liang Pei, Yushan Hu, Ru Li, Kang Hou, and Tianlong Ren. "Synergistic Effect of Charge Separation and Multiple Reactive Oxygen Species Generation on Boost Photocatalytic Performance of the Direct Z-Scheme Heterostructured Photocatalytst." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4181414.

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48

Gole, James L., Serdar Ozdemir, Sharka M. Prokes, and David M. Dixon. "Active Nanostructures at Interfaces for Photocatalytic Reactors and Low-power Consumption Sensors." MRS Proceedings 1257 (2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-1257-o09-04.

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AbstractActive nanostructures which provide unique transformations are being introduced to phase matched porous silicon (PS) nano/micropores to form a platform for low power consumption highly selective sensors and microreactors. TiO2-xNx photocatalysts have been formed in seconds at room temperature at the nanoscale via the direct nitration of anatase TiO2 nanocolloids. Tunability throughout the visible depends upon the degree of agglomeration and the ability to seed these nanoparticles with metal ions. Co metal ion seeding leads to the efficient room temperature phase transformation, of anatase to rutile TiO2, where normally much higher temperatures are required. Seeding of a properly nitridated TiO2 nanocolloid with transition metal ions (Co, Ni) allows for the enhancement of the infrared spectra of the TiO2-xNx nitridated titania surface in excess of 10-fold, providing a means to analyze for minor contaminants and intermediates. Evidence for nitrogen fixation is found in Fe treated systems. The TiO2-xNx systems act as visible light absorbing photocatalyts. These photocatalysts and additional nanostructured metal oxides can be placed on the surface of PS-based sensor and microreactor configurations to greatly improve the interface response.
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Li, Xiaohua, Baoji Wang, and Sanhuang Ke. "Blue phosphorene/MoSi$_2$N$_4$ van der Waals type-II heterostructure: Highly efficient bifunctional materials for photocatalytics and photovoltaics." Chinese Physics B, September 23, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ac9469.

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Abstract Converting solar energy into electric power or hydrogen fuel is a promising means to obtain renewable green energy. Here, we design two-dimensional blue phosphorene (BlueP)/MoSi$_2$N$_4$ van der Waals heterostructure (vdWH) and investigate its potential application in photocatalysis and photovoltaics using first-principles calculations. We find that BlueP/MoSi$_2$N$_4$ vdWH possesses type-II band structure with a large build-in electric field, thus endowing it with a potential ability to separate photogenerated electron-hole pairs. The calculated band-edge positions show that the heterostructure is a very promising water-splitting photocatalyst. Its solar-to-hydrogen efficiency ($\eta_{\scriptscriptstyle \text{STH}}$) can reach up to 15.8%, which is quite promising for commercial applications. Furthermore, BlueP/MoSi$_2$N$_4$ vdWH shows remarkably light absorption capacities and distinguished maximum power conversion efficiency ($\eta_{\scriptscriptstyle\text{PCE}}$) up to 10.61%. Remarkably, its $\eta_{\scriptscriptstyle\text{PCE}}$ can be further enhanced by the external strain: the $\eta_{\scriptscriptstyle\text{PCE}}$ of 21.20% can be obtained under a 4% tensile strain. Finally, we determine that adjusting the number of BlueP sublayer is another effective method to modulate the band gaps and band alignments of the heterostructures. These theoretical findings indicate that BlueP/MoSi$_2$N$_4$ vdWH is a promising candidate for photocatalyst and photovoltaic device.
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Mohanty, D., G. Mahanta, S. Shaw, and M. Das. "Thermosolutal Marangoni stagnation point GO–MoS2/water hybrid nanofluid over a stretching sheet with the inclined magnetic field." International Journal of Modern Physics B, March 8, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979224500243.

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The graphene oxide–molybdenum disulfide (GO–MoS2) exhibited the performance of photocatalytics under solar light radiation and the problem is more significant during Marangoni convection. In this scenario, the thermosolutal Marangoni stagnation point flow over a stretching sheet where the GO–MoS2 nanoparticles are embedded in a base fluid water are taken into consideration. The inclined magnetic field with the Joule heating effect, thermal radiation, chemical reaction and Soret and Dufour effect is introduced in the system. The leading equations are simplified by applying the proper similarity transformation and then solved numerically with the help of the MATLAB bvp4c routine. The impact of several parameters on the velocity, temperature and concentration with other physical properties such as skin friction, local Nusselt number and local Sherwood number has been displayed. Moreover, the results of this paper demonstrate a brief equivalency between nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid. It is experimented that the Marangoni effect arises due to a fluctuation in temperature as well as a chemical reaction. Surface tension refers to mean temperature and mean concentration restricts the fluid velocity. GO–MoS2 exhibits the increase in antimicrobial effects with enhancement in the glutathione oxidation and it is also used for DNA detection. The impact of GO and MoS2 in the flow of hybrid nanofluid shows significance with a huge application in medical science.
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