Journal articles on the topic 'Photocatalyst material'
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1
Pujiarti, Yuly, Suyanta Suyanta, and Eko Sri Kunarti. "A Visible Light-Induced Fe3O4/ZnO-Cu Nanocomposite and its Photocatalytic Activities for Rhodamine B Photodegradation." Key Engineering Materials 884 (May 2021): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.884.60.
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Synthesis of Fe3O4/ZnO-Cu nanocomposite photocatalyst has been conducted. The synthesis was carried out using the co-precipitation method with the variation of Cu concentration and modification by Fe3O4 magnetic material. As synthesized photocatalysts were characterized using FTIR, XRD, TEM, and SR UV-Visible. Photocatalytic activities of samples were evaluated through Rhodamine B degradation under visible light irradiation. The results showed that a sample with Fe3O4/ZnO-Cu 1% has smaller band gap energy of 2.90 eV and the highest photocatalytic activity than pure ZnO or Fe3O4-modified ZnO (Fe3O4/ZnO-Cu 0%) under visible light. The percentage of Rhodamine B degradation was approximately 89.41% during 120 min of visible light illumination. Moreover, the photocatalyst materials could be easily separated after photocatalysis which is due to the magnetic property of Fe3O4 material. Therefore, Cu-doped ZnO with Fe3O4 modification has been an efficient and effective visible-light-induced photocatalyst in removing non-biodegradable Rhodamine B dyes.
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Gao, Lan, Elyes Nefzaoui, Frédéric Marty, Mazen Erfan, Stéphane Bastide, Yamin Leprince-Wang, and Tarik Bourouina. "TiO2-Coated ZnO Nanowire Arrays: A Photocatalyst with Enhanced Chemical Corrosion Resistance." Catalysts 11, no. 11 (October 27, 2021): 1289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11111289.
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Photocatalysis is proven to be the most efficient and environmentally friendly method for the degradation of organic pollutants in water purification. To meet the requirement of large-scale water treatment, there are two important points: One is the lifetime and chemical stability of the photocatalyst material, especially in the complex and harsh aqueous conditions. The other is the ease of synthesis of such photocatalysts with specific nano-morphology. In this work, two common photocatalyst materials, zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2), are selected to form more sustainable photocatalysts with high chemical stability. This involves the combination of both TiO2 and ZnO in a two-step simple synthesis method. It appears advantageous to exploit the conformal deposition of atomic layer deposition (ALD) to achieve nanometer-thick TiO2 coating on ZnO nanowires (NWs) with a high aspect ratio, which are firmly anchored to a substrate and exhibit a large specific surface area. The high chemical stability of the ALD TiO2 coating has been investigated in detail and proven to be effective under both strong acid and strong alkaline aqueous solutions. In addition, photocatalysis experiments with organic dyes show that via this simple two-step synthesis method, the produced ZnO/TiO2 tandem photocatalysts does indeed exhibit improved chemical stability in a harsh environment, while allowing efficient photodegradation.
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Ren, Yu, Yuze Dong, Yaqing Feng, and Jialiang Xu. "Compositing Two-Dimensional Materials with TiO2 for Photocatalysis." Catalysts 8, no. 12 (November 28, 2018): 590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal8120590.
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Energy shortage and environmental pollution problems boost in recent years. Photocatalytic technology is one of the most effective ways to produce clean energy—hydrogen and degrade pollutants under moderate conditions and thus attracts considerable attentions. TiO2 is considered one of the best photocatalysts because of its well-behaved photo-corrosion resistance and catalytic activity. However, the traditional TiO2 photocatalyst suffers from limitations of ineffective use of sunlight and rapid carrier recombination rate, which severely suppress its applications in photocatalysis. Surface modification and hybridization of TiO2 has been developed as an effective method to improve its photocatalysis activity. Due to superior physical and chemical properties such as high surface area, suitable bandgap, structural stability and high charge mobility, two-dimensional (2D) material is an ideal modifier composited with TiO2 to achieve enhanced photocatalysis process. In this review, we summarized the preparation methods of 2D material/TiO2 hybrid and drilled down into the role of 2D materials in photocatalysis activities.
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Mahmoud, Nadine, Jazia Awassa, Joumana Toufaily, Bénédicte Lebeau, T. Jean Daou, Morgan Cormier, and Jean-Philippe Goddard. "Heterogeneous Photoredox Catalysis Based on Silica Mesoporous Material and Eosin Y: Impact of Material Support on Selectivity of Radical Cyclization." Molecules 28, no. 2 (January 5, 2023): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28020549.
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Heterogenization of the photocatalyst appears to be a valuable solution to reach sustainable processes. Rapid and efficient synthesis of supported photocatalyst is still a remaining challenge and the choice of the support material is crucial. The present study aims at preparing a new generation of hybrid inorganic/organic photocatalysts based on silica mesoporous material and Eosin Y. These results highlight the influence of non-covalent interactions between the material support and the reagent impacting the selectivity of the reaction.
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Li, Chao, Huijuan Li, Guicheng He, Zhiwu Lei, and Wenyuan Wu. "Preparation and Photocatalytic Performance of ZnO/Sepiolite Composite Materials." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2021 (June 16, 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5357843.
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Photocatalytic technology is a widely used water treatment method, whose efficiency can be increased by developing a suitable photocatalyst fabrication procedure. In this study, five different synthesis methods were utilised for the preparation of novel ZnO/sepiolite photolytic composites, namely, sol-gel method, hydrothermal reduction, hydrolytic precipitation, powder sintering, and impregnation-reduction. The obtained photocatalysts were characterised by scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The differences between the applied photocatalyst preparation methods and the reasons for these differences were discussed, and the photocatalytic activities of the prepared composite materials were compared. The obtained results revealed that the physical structure, chemical properties, and photocatalytic performance of the composite produced by the sol-gel method were superior to those of the materials fabricated by the other four methods. Moreover, this material also exhibited high photocatalytic stability, while its photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye proceeded via a quasi-first-order reaction. The prepared composites have broad application prospects in photocatalysis and can be potentially used for treating environmental pollutants.
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Qin, Hong-Juan, Yu-Hang Zhang, Zhen Wang, and Gui-Hua Yang. "Photocatalytic Conversion of Fructose to Lactic Acid by BiOBr/Zn@SnO2 Material." Catalysts 12, no. 7 (June 30, 2022): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12070719.
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Photocatalysis provides a prospective approach for achieving high-value products under mild conditions. To realize this, constructing a selective, low-cost and environmentally friendly photocatalyst is the most critical factor. In this study, BiOBr/Zn@SnO2 is fabricated by a one-pot hydrothermal synthesis method and BiOBr: SnO2 ratio is 3:1; this material is applied as photocatalyst in fructose selective conversion to lactic acid. The bandgap structure can be regulated via two-step modification, which includes Zn doping SnO2 and Zn@SnO2 coupling BiOBr. The photocatalyst shows excellent conversion efficiency in fructose and high selectivity in lactic acid generation under alkaline conditions. The conversion rate is almost 100%, and the lactic acid yield is 79.6% under optimal reaction conditions. The catalyst is highly sustainable in reusability; the lactic acid yield can reach 67.4% after five runs. The possible reaction mechanism is also proposed to disclose the photocatalysis processes.
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He, Yan, Zewei Yuan, Kai Cheng, Zhenyun Duan, and Wenzhen Zhao. "Development of electrical enhanced photocatalysis polishing slurry for silicon carbide wafer." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 234, no. 3 (August 13, 2019): 401–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350650119864243.
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Single-crystal silicon carbide, as one of the most promising next-generation semiconductor materials, should be polished with atomically smooth and damage-free surface to meet the requirements of semiconductor applications. The research presented in this paper aims to develop an electrical enhanced photocatalysis polishing method for atomic smoothing of Si-face (0001) 4H-SiC wafer based on the powerful oxidability of UV photo-excited hydroxyl radical on nano semiconductor particles. The research identifies the influences of photocatalyst, electron capturer, UV light, voltage and pH value by designing the orthogonal fading experiments of methyl orange and thus develops several slurries for electrical enhanced photocatalysis polishing accordingly. It also demonstrates that photocatalyst, UV light, electron capturer, and acid environment being necessaries for the electrical enhanced photocatalysis polishing process. Electricity can effectively prevent the recombination of electrons and holes generated on the surface of semiconductor particles and therefore enhance the polishing efficiency. Five photocatalysts including 5 nm TiO2, P25, ZnO, CeO2 and ZrO2 have envious selectivity to the UV light. The slurry with P25 as the photocatalyst and H2O2 as electron capturer presents best polishing performance among, which provides a material removal rate of about 1.18 µm/h and a surface roughness of about Ra 0.0527 nm in an area of 1.0 × 1.0 µm. Furthermore, it also discusses how the UV light irradiation and electricity promotes the chemical oxidation of hydroxyl radical with SiC by forming “Si-C-O”, “Si-O” and “C-O” on SiC surface. The paper concludes that the proposed electrical enhanced photocatalysis polishing is an effective and clean manufacturing method for SiC wafer without rendering toxic chemical effect on environment and human health.
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Febiyanto, Febiyanto, and Uyi Sulaeman. "The Starting Material Concentration Dependence of Ag3PO4 Synthesis for Rhodamine B Photodegradation under Visible Light Irradiation." Jurnal Kimia Valensi 6, no. 1 (May 29, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v6i1.14837.
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Synthesis of Ag3PO4 photocatalyst under the varied concentrations of AgNO3 and Na2HPO4·12H2O as starting material has been successfully synthesized using the co-precipitation method. The concentration of AgNO3 is 0.1; 0.5; 1.0; and 2.0 M, whereas Na2HPO4·12H2O is 0.03; 0.17; 0.33; and 0.67 M, respectively. The co-precipitations were carried out under aqueous solution. As-synthesized photocatalysts were examined to degrade Rhodamine B (RhB) under blue light irradiation. The results showed that varying concentrations of starting materials affect the photocatalytic activities, the intensity ratio of [110]/[200] facet plane, and their bandgap energies of Ag3PO4 photocatalyst. The highest photocatalytic activity of the sample was obtained by synthesized using the 1.0 M of AgNO3 and 0.33 M of Na2HPO4·12H2O (AP-1.0). This is due to the high [110] facet plane and increased absorption along the visible region of AP-1.0 photocatalyst. Therefore, this result could be a consideration for the improvement of Ag3PO4 photocatalyst.
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Johar, Muhammad Ali, Rana Arslan Afzal, Abdulrahman Ali Alazba, and Umair Manzoor. "Photocatalysis and Bandgap Engineering Using ZnO Nanocomposites." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/934587.
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Nanocomposites have a great potential to work as efficient, multifunctional materials for energy conversion and photoelectrochemical reactions. Nanocomposites may reveal more improved photocatalysis by implying the improvements of their electronic and structural properties than pure photocatalyst. This paper presents the recent work carried out on photoelectrochemical reactions using the composite materials of ZnO with CdS, ZnO with SnO2, ZnO with TiO2, ZnO with Ag2S, and ZnO with graphene and graphene oxide. The photocatalytic efficiency mainly depends upon the light harvesting span of a material, lifetime of photogenerated electron-hole pair, and reactive sites available in the photocatalyst. We reviewed the UV-Vis absorption spectrum of nanocomposite and photodegradation reported by the same material and how photodegradation depends upon the factors described above. Finally the improvement in the absorption band edge of nanocomposite material is discussed.
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Pan, Yixiao, Yifei Wang, Shimiao Wu, Yating Chen, Xiangrong Zheng, and Ning Zhang. "One-Pot Synthesis of Nitrogen-Doped TiO2 with Supported Copper Nanocrystalline for Photocatalytic Environment Purification under Household White LED Lamp." Molecules 26, no. 20 (October 14, 2021): 6221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26206221.
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Developing efficient and cheap photocatalysts that are sensitive to indoor light is promising for the practical application of photocatalysis technology. Here, N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst with loaded Cu crystalline cocatalyst is synthesized by a simple one-pot method. The structure is confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, which exhibit that Cu metal nanocrystalline is uniformly deposited on the surface of N-doped TiO2 material. UV-Vis absorption spectra illustrate that the modified samples possess favorable visible light absorption properties and suppressed-electron hole separation. The as-fabricated Cu-loaded N-TiO2 materials show high activity in photocatalytic decomposing isopropanol and inactivating E. coli under the irradiation of a household white LED lamp. The developed synthetic strategy and photocatalytic materials reported here are promising for indoor environment purification.
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Budi, Iis Setyo, Indriana Kartini, and Eko Sri Kunarti. "Photoreduction of Pb(II) Using TiO2 Catalyst Modified with Fe3O4 Nanoparticles." Key Engineering Materials 840 (April 2020): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.840.79.
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The TiO2/Fe3O4 nanoparticle has been successfully synthesized and the material is then applied as a photocatalyst to reduce Pb(II). The Fe3O4 was synthesized through sono-coprecipitation method using NH4OH as a precipitating agent. The coating TiO2 onto Fe3O4 was performed respectively via hydrolysis reaction and sol-gel process using ammonium sulfate and TTIP as a reagent of TiO2. This study investigated several parameters such as the effect of time, equilibrium state and material responsiveness toward ultraviolet light. The XRD measurement indicated the presence of Fe3O4 and TiO2 while TEM image displayed the photocatalyst had a nanosized particle with approximately 60 nm in size. An activity test at pH 4, the equilibrium of photoreduction process showed at 60 minutes. The kinetic parameter of Pb(II) reduction at various catalyst presented that TiO2/Fe3O4 nanoparticle had better reduction rate constant than that of TiO2. Reusing of TiO2/Fe3O4 photocatalysts showed the results of Pb (II) photoreduction were not significantly decrease and the results of photocatalysis were still better than TiO2.
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Varnagiris, Sarunas, Marius Urbonavicius, Sandra Sakalauskaite, Emilija Demikyte, Simona Tuckute, and Martynas Lelis. "Photocatalytic Inactivation of Salmonella typhimurium by Floating Carbon-Doped TiO2 Photocatalyst." Materials 14, no. 19 (September 29, 2021): 5681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14195681.
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Photocatalysis application is considered as one of the most highly promising techniques for the reduction in wastewater pollution. However, the majority of highly efficient photocatalyst materials are obtained as fine powders, and this causes a lot of photocatalyst handling and reusability issues. The concept of the floating catalyst proposes the immobilization of a photocatalytic (nano)material on relatively large floating substrates and is considered as an encouraging way to overcome some of the most challenging photocatalysis issues. The purpose of this study is to examine floating photocatalyst application for Salmonella typhimurium bacteria inactivation in polluted water. More specifically, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) beads were used as a photocatalyst support for the immobilization of carbon-doped TiO2 films forming floating photocatalyst structures. Carbon-doped TiO2 films in both amorphous and anatase forms were deposited on HDPE beads using the low-temperature magnetron sputtering technique. Bacteria inactivation, together with cycling experiments, revealed promising results by decomposing more than 95% of Salmonella typhimurium bacteria in five consecutive treatment cycles. Additionally, a thorough analysis of the deposited carbon-doped TiO2 film was performed including morphology, elemental composition and mapping, structure, and depth profiling. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is a suitable technique for the formation of high-quality photocatalytic active films on thermal-sensitive substrates.
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Ibrahim, Islam, George V. Belessiotis, Michalis K. Arfanis, Chrysoula Athanasekou, Athanassios I. Philippopoulos, Christiana A. Mitsopoulou, George Em Romanos, and Polycarpos Falaras. "Surfactant Effects on the Synthesis of Redox Bifunctional V2O5 Photocatalysts." Materials 13, no. 20 (October 20, 2020): 4665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13204665.
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Novel V2O5 bifunctional photocatalysts were prepared following a wet chemical process with the addition of anionic or non-ionic surfactants into the precursor solution and further heating under reflux. Detailed characterization and investigation of the relevant light-matter interactions proved that surfactants addition had a strong impact on the morphology, while also affecting the crystallinity, the optoelectronic properties, and the surface chemistry of the novel photocatalysts. The most efficient photocatalyst (T80) was based on tween 80, a surface-active agent employed for the first time in the synthesis of vanadium oxide materials. T80 presented crystalline nature without structural defects, which are usually centers of e− − h+ recombination. This material also exhibited small crystal size, high porosity, and short migration paths for the charge carriers, enabling their effective separation during photocatalysis. Under UV light illumination, T80 was capable to reduce hexavalent chromium to trivalent up to 70% and showed high yields in degrading methylene blue azo-dye and tetracycline antibiotic water pollutants. This remarkably high bifunctional performance defines T80 as a promising and capable photocatalytic material for both advanced oxidation and reduction processes (AOPs-ARPs).
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Li, Yong, Ming-Qing Zhang, Yan-Fang Liu, Ya-Xun Sun, Qing-Hua Zhao, Tian-Lu Chen, Yuan-Fu Chen, and Shi-Feng Wang. "In Situ Construction of Bronze/Anatase TiO2 Homogeneous Heterojunctions and Their Photocatalytic Performances." Nanomaterials 12, no. 7 (March 29, 2022): 1122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12071122.
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Photocatalytic degradation is one of the most promising emerging technologies for environmental pollution control. However, the preparation of efficient, low-cost photocatalysts still faces many challenges. TiO2 is a widely available and inexpensive photocatalyst material, but improving its catalytic degradation performance has posed a significant challenge due to its shortcomings, such as the easy recombination of its photogenerated electron–hole pairs and its difficulty in absorbing visible light. The construction of homogeneous heterojunctions is an effective means to enhance the photocatalytic performances of photocatalysts. In this study, a TiO2(B)/TiO2(A) homogeneous heterojunction composite photocatalyst (with B and A denoting bronze and anatase phases, respectively) was successfully constructed in situ. Although the construction of homogeneous heterojunctions did not improve the light absorption performance of the material, its photocatalytic degradation performance was substantially enhanced. This was due to the suppression of the recombination of photogenerated electron–hole pairs and the enhancement of the carrier mobility. The photocatalytic ability of the TiO2(B)/TiO2(A) homogeneous heterojunction composite photocatalyst was up to three times higher than that of raw TiO2 (pure anatase TiO2).
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Razzaq, Abdul, Shahzad Ali, Muhammad Asif, and Su-Il In. "Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH) Based Photocatalysts: An Outstanding Strategy for Efficient Photocatalytic CO2 Conversion." Catalysts 10, no. 10 (October 14, 2020): 1185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10101185.
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CO2 conversion to solar fuels/chemicals is an alluring approach for narrowing critical issues of global warming, environmental pollution, and climate change, caused by excess atmospheric CO2 concentration. Amongst various CO2 conversion strategies, photocatalytic CO2 conversion (PCC) is considered as a promising approach, which utilizes inexpensive sunlight and water with a photocatalyst material. Hence, development of an efficient and a stable photocatalyst is an essential activity for the respective scientific community to upscale the PCC research domain. Until today, metal oxides, such as TiO2, ZnO, etc., are categorized as standard photocatalysts because of their relative stability, abundant availability and low cost. However, their performance is tethered by limited light absorption and somewhat physical properties. Recently, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have offered an exciting and efficient way for PCC due to their superb CO2 adsorption and moderate photocatalytic properties. The LDH based photocatalysts show marvelous physiochemical and electrical properties like high surface area, stability, and excellent conductivity. In the present review article, a summarized survey is portrayed regarding latest development for LDH based photocatalysts with a focus on synthesis strategies employing various photocatalyst materials, influencing parameters and possible mechanism involved in PCC to useful fuels and chemicals like CO, CH4, CH3OH, and H2.
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Asencios, Yvan J. O., and Vanessa A. Machado. "Photodegradation of Organic Pollutants in Seawater and Hydrogen Production via Methanol Photoreforming with Hydrated Niobium Pentoxide Catalysts." Sustainable Chemistry 3, no. 2 (April 18, 2022): 172–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/suschem3020012.
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In this work, the photocatalytic activity of Hydrated Niobium Pentoxide (synthesized by a simple and inexpensive method) was explored in two unknown reactions reported for this catalyst: the photodegradation of phenol in seawater and the photoreforming of methanol. The Hydrated Niobium Pentoxide (Nb1) was synthesized from the reaction of niobium ammoniacal oxalate NH4[NbO(C2O4)2·H2O]•XH2O with a strong base (NaOH). Further treatment of this catalyst with H2O2 led to a light-sensitive Hydrated Niobium Pentoxide (Nb2). The photocatalysts were characterized by XRD, DRS, SEM Microscopy, FTIR-ATR, EDX, and specific surface area (SBET). The characterization results demonstrate that the treatment of Hydrated Niobium Pentoxide sensitized the material, increased the surface area of the material, diminished the average particle size, and modified its surface charge, and formed peroxo groups on the catalytic surface. Although both photocatalysts (Nb1 and Nb2) were active for both proposed reactions, the sensitization of the photocatalyst was beneficial in distinct situations. In the photocatalytic degradation of phenol in seawater, the sensitization of the photocatalyst did not enhance the photocatalytic activity. In both photoreactions studied, the addition of the Pt° promoter readily increased the photocatalytic performance of both photocatalysts; in this case, the sensitized photocatalyst recorded the best results. The presence of OH• radicals was confirmed, and the great contribution of the Pt° promoter was in the increase in OH• radical generation; this increase was more effective in the sensitized photocatalyst. Our work demonstrated a simple and inexpensive way to synthesize niobium photocatalysts that can effectively be used in the photodegradation of phenol in seawater and in the photoreforming of methanol to produce hydrogen.
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Jimenez-Relinque, Eva, Maria Grande, Francisco Rubiano, and Marta Castellote. "Durability and Safety Performance of Pavements with Added Photocatalysts." Applied Sciences 11, no. 23 (November 29, 2021): 11277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112311277.
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The use of photocatalysts to enhance the performance of construction materials with large surfaces exposed to sunlight has become an increasingly common practice in recent decades. Although construction material durability is of crucial importance and is extensively studied when incorporating new additions, very few studies have specifically addressed the effects when adding photocatalysts. This paper discusses the effect of TiO2-based photocatalysts on pavement durability (porosity, time of transmission of ultrasonic pulses, freeze-thaw resistance and capillary water absorption) and safety (slip resistance and roughness) by comparison of commercial photocatalytic materials of different families and twin materials without the photocatalyst added. The analysis covers concrete tile pavements and porous asphalt treated with photocatalysts in the form of sprayed emulsions, slurry admixtures or built-in during casting. The findings show that changes in the properties of a construction material induced by photocatalytic functionality depend primarily on the porous structure of the matrix and the properties of the resulting photocatalytic surface.
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Zhurenok, Angelina V., Danila B. Vasilchenko, and Ekaterina A. Kozlova. "Comprehensive Review on g-C3N4-Based Photocatalysts for the Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production under Visible Light." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 1 (December 25, 2022): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010346.
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Currently, the synthesis of active photocatalysts for the evolution of hydrogen, including photocatalysts based on graphite-like carbon nitride, is an acute issue. In this review, a comprehensive analysis of the state-of-the-art studies of graphic carbon nitride as a photocatalyst for hydrogen production under visible light is presented. In this review, various approaches to the synthesis of photocatalysts based on g-C3N4 reported in the literature were considered, including various methods for modifying and improving the structural and photocatalytic properties of this material. A thorough analysis of the literature has shown that the most commonly used methods for improving g-C3N4 properties are alterations of textural characteristics by introducing templates, pore formers or pre-treatment method, doping with heteroatoms, modification with metals, and the creation of composite photocatalysts. Next, the authors considered their own detailed study on the synthesis of graphitic carbon nitride with different pre-treatments and respective photocatalysts that demonstrate high efficiency and stability in photocatalytic production of hydrogen. Particular attention was paid to describing the effect of the state of the platinum cocatalyst on the activity of the resulting photocatalyst. The decisive factors leading to the creation of active materials were discussed.
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Fatimah, Is, Hiroko Kawaii Wijayanti, Galih Dwiki Ramanda, Muchammad Tamyiz, Ruey-an Doong, and Suresh Sagadevan. "Nanocomposite of Nickel Nanoparticles-Impregnated Biochar from Palm Leaves as Highly Active and Magnetic Photocatalyst for Methyl Violet Photocatalytic Oxidation." Molecules 27, no. 20 (October 13, 2022): 6871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27206871.
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Photocatalysis has been recognized as a feasible method in water and wastewater treatment. Compared to other methods such as adsorption and chemical oxidation, the use of photocatalyst in the advanced oxidation processes gives benefits such as a longer lifetime of the catalyst and less consumable chemicals. Currently, explorations into low-cost, effective photocatalysts for organic contaminated water are being developed. Within this scheme, an easily separated photocatalyst with other functionality, such as high adsorption, is important. In this research, preparation of a magnetic nanocomposite photocatalyst based on agricultural waste, palm leaves biochar impregnated nickel nanoparticles (Ni/BC), was investigated. The nanocomposite was prepared by direct pyrolysis of palm leaves impregnated with nickel (II) chloride precursor. Furthermore, the physicochemical characterization of the material was performed by using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (SEM-EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), gas sorption analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The photocatalytic activity of Ni/BC was evaluated for methyl violet (MV) photocatalytic oxidation. The results from XRD, XPS and TEM analyses identified single nickel nanoparticles dispersed on the biochar structure ranging from 30–50 nm in size. The dispersed nickel nanoparticles increased the BET specific surface area of biochar from 3.92 m2/g to 74.12 m2/g oxidation. High photocatalytic activity of the Ni/BC was exhibited by complete MV removal in 30 min for the concentration ranging from 10–80 mg/L. In addition, the Ni/BC showed stability in the pH range of 4–10 and reusability without any activity change until fifth usage. The separable photocatalyst is related to magnetism of about 13.7 emu/g. The results highlighted the role of biochar as effective support for Ni as photoactive material.
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Song, Yong Woo, Min Young Kim, Min Hee Chung, Young Kwon Yang, and Jin Chul Park. "NOx-Reduction Performance Test for TiO2 Paint." Molecules 25, no. 18 (September 7, 2020): 4087. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25184087.
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In South Korea, the gradual increase in particulate matter generation has received significant attention from central and local governments. Exhaust gas, which contains nitrogen oxides (NOx), is one of the main sources of particulate matter. In this study, the reduction of NOx using a coating material mixed with a titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalyst was demonstrated. The NOx reduction performance of the TiO2 photocatalyst-infused coating was evaluated by applying the ISO 22197-1: 2007 standard. Subsequently, the performance was evaluated by changing the NO gas concentration and ultraviolet (UV)-A irradiance under standard experimental conditions. It was determined that NOx reduction can be achieved even if the NO gas concentration and UV-A irradiance are lower than those under the standard conditions when the TiO2 photocatalyst-infused coating was used. This study revealed that NOx reduction can be realized through TiO2 photocatalyst-infused coating in winter or cloudy days with a low solar altitude. It was also confirmed that compared with the UV-A irradiance, the NO gas concentration has a greater effect on the NOx reduction performance of the TiO2 photocatalyst-infused coating. These findings can be used to evaluate a variety of construction materials with TiO2 photocatalysts in the future.
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Nithya, A., Kandasamy Jothivenkatachalam, S. Prabhu, and K. Jeganathan. "Chitosan Based Nanocomposite Materials as Photocatalyst – A Review." Materials Science Forum 781 (March 2014): 79–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.781.79.
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Heterogeneous photocatalysis is a significant technology for environmental application. Moreover, immobilising an appropriate catalyst on the surface of a natural organic polymer presents a number of additional advantages including low-cost, high catalytic activity and extensive potential reuse for the application of pharmaceutical, biomedical and industrial activities. This review mainly focuses on the role of chitosan based material as photocatalyst on the environmental remediation.
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Dom, Rekha, and Pramod H. Borse. "Photocatalytic and Photoelectro-Chemical Study of Ferrites for Water Splitting Applications: A Comparative Study." Materials Science Forum 734 (December 2012): 334–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.734.334.
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This article presents a comparative study on the synthesis and characterization of the binary and ternary ferrites for photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical applications. The importance and role of ferrite photocatalysts is discussed in context to the visible-light active photocatalyst applicationviz.for hydrogen productionvia.water-splitting. It also demonstrates that computational-exploration of any material system is key to identify, and achieve visible-light active photocatalysts.
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Fadlun, Wan. "Carbon Dioxide Reduction to Solar Fuels via Iron-Based Nanocomposite: Strategies to Intensify the Photoactivity." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 654–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.8789.
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Photocatalysis has been studied over three decades ago as a promising alternative for carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction with the ultimate objective of promoting sustainable keys to address global warming and energy crisis. In particular, photocatalysis offers the reduction of CO2 to renewable hydrocarbon fuels by utilizing limitless sunlight to trigger the reaction. The urgency reducing CO2 to solar fuels have aroused attention towards Fe-based material owing to their abundance, flexible compositional tunability, recyclability, and low cost compared to noble-metal photocatalysts. This review discussed comprehensively the recent evolution on Fe-based photocatalysts for CO2 reduction including metallic iron, iron oxide, and ternary iron oxides based photocatalysts. In the mainstream, detailed discussion on the main strategies adopted in the morphology and structure to enhance the photocatalytic performance have been discussed in detail for each type of Fe-based catalysts. The enhancements of Fe-based photocatalyst is analyzed with a view to emphasizing the reaction mechanism and probable pathways for the production of solar fuels. In addition, thermodynamics are discussed critically for selectivity of photocatalytic CO2 reduction. The existing constrains and guidance for future studies were defined, pledging to develop superior Fe-based photocatalysts for CO2 reduction with better-improved power reduction efficiency and generation rates.
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Nath, Ranjit K., M. F. M. Zain, Abdul Amir Hassan Kadhum, and Rabiul Alam. "Mixed Photocatalyst for Sustainable Concrete Construction." Advanced Materials Research 626 (December 2012): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.626.39.
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An innovative approach to the material science has demonstrated that photocatalytic activity may be conferred to cement-based construction materials, such as concrete, mortars, paints, etc. Photocatalyst is needed for a cleaner environment and a better quality of life that leads to thoughts of a more eco-compatable use of light. Addition of photocatalytic materials to the RC structure during its construction phase could reduce the corrosion problem of RC materials. This material hinders calcium oxide to form acidic compound. In this study, cement-based mixed photocatalytic material has been presented, which would adjustable with RC material for enhancing oxidization process and reducing corrosion problem.
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Bresolin, Bianca-Maria, Samia Ben Hammouda, and Mika Sillanpää. "An Emerging Visible-Light Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite for Photocatalytic Applications." Nanomaterials 10, no. 1 (January 7, 2020): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10010115.
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The development of visible-light active photocatalysts is a current challenge especially energy and environmental-related fields. Herein, methylammonium lead iodide perovskite (MAIPb) was chosen as the novel semiconductor material for its ability of absorbing visible-light. An easily reproducible and efficient method was employed to synthesize the as-mentioned material. The sample was characterized by various techniques and has been used as visible-light photocatalyst for degradation of two model pollutants: rhodamine B (RhB) and methylene-blue (MB). The photo-degradation of RhB was found to achieve about 65% after 180 min of treatment. Moreover, the efficiency was enhanced to 100% by assisting the process with a small amount of H2O2. The visible-light activity of the photocatalyst was attributed to its ability to absorb light as well as to enhance separation of photogenerated carriers. The main outcome of the present work is the investigation of a hybrid perovskite as photocatalyst for wastewater treatment.
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Lee, Jun-Cheol, Anantha-Iyengar Gopalan, Gopalan Sai-Anand, Kwang-Pill Lee, and Wha-Jung Kim. "Preparation of Visible Light Photocatalytic Graphene Embedded Rutile Titanium(IV) Oxide Composite Nanowires and Enhanced NOx Removal." Catalysts 9, no. 2 (February 11, 2019): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9020170.
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The quest for developing highly efficient TiO2-based photocatalysts is continuing and, in particular, evolving a new strategy is an important aspect in this regard. In general, much effort has been devoted to the anatase TiO2 modifications, despite there being only a few recent studies on rutile TiO2 (rTiO2). To the best of our knowledge, studies on the preparation and characterization of the photocatalysts based on the intentional inclusion of graphene (G) into rTiO2 nanostructures have not been reported yet. Herein, we develop a new type of TiO2-based photocatalyst comprising of G included pure rTiO2 nanowire (abbreviated as rTiO2(G) NW) with enhanced visible light absorption capability. To prepare rTiO2(G) NW, the G incorporated titanate electrospun fibers were obtained by electrospinning and subsequently heat treated at various temperatures (500 to 800 °C). Electrospinning conditions were optimized for producing good quality rTiO2(G) NW. The rTiO2(G) NW and their corresponding samples were characterized by appropriate techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy to ascertain their material characteristics. XRD results show that the lattice strain occurs upon inclusion of G. We present here the first observation of an apparent bandgap lowering because of the G inclusion into TiO2 NW. While anatase TiO2 NW exhibited poor visible light photocatalysis towards NOx removal, the rTiO2(G) NW photocatalyst witnessed a significantly enhanced (~67%) photocatalytic performance as compared to anatase TiO2(G) NW. We concluded that the inclusion of G into rTiO2 nanostructures enhances the visible light photoactivity. A plausible mechanism for photocatalysis is suggested.
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Chen, Hai Feng, Jia Mei Chen, and Hui Zhao. "Simple Synthesis and Activities of Visible-Light Activities BiVO4 Doped Al via Solid State Method." Key Engineering Materials 703 (August 2016): 311–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.703.311.
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Using the Bi (NO3)3•5H2O and NH4VO3 as raw materials, Al(NO3)3•9H2O provides Al3+ doping, BiVO4 photocatalysts with different Al3+ doping amount were successfully prepared by a low-temperature solid state grinding method. And it was characterized by XRD. The Methyl Orange (MO) was simulated as the degradation material under the visible light, which was used to study the influence of the amount of photocatalyst and the illumination time. The results showed that the catalytic effect of Al/BiVO4 photocatalysts was enhanced by comparing with pure BiVO4, but enhanced a little. And the possible causes of enhanced photocatalytic activity via doping have been discussed.
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Li, Yaru, Dongsheng Zhang, Wei Qiao, Hongwei Xiang, Flemming Besenbacher, Yongwang Li, and Ren Su. "Nanostructured heterogeneous photocatalyst materials for green synthesis of valuable chemicals." Chemical Synthesis 2, no. 2 (2022): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/cs.2022.05.
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The photocatalytic process employing nanostructured semiconductor materials has attracted great attention in energy production, CO2 reduction, and water/air purification for decades. Recently, applying heterogeneous photocatalyst for the synthesis of valuable chemicals is gradually emerging and considered as a promising process for the conversion of cheap resources (i.e., biomass derivatives, polyols, and aromatic hydrocarbons). Compared with traditional thermal catalytic approaches, the photocatalytic process provides a mild reaction condition and flexible platform (photocatalyst) that allows precise tweaking of reaction intermediates and reaction pathways, thus resulting in fine control of the selective synthesis of specialized chemicals that are challenging for thermal catalysis. In this review, we summarize recent achievements in photocatalytic synthesis of various industrial important chemicals via photo-oxidative and photo-reductive processes. The selective oxidation of alcohols and aromatics, epoxidation of alkenes, hydrogenation of gaseous molecules and hydrocarbons, and coupling reactions by means of various photocatalysts including metal oxides, supported plasmonic metal nanostructures, conjugated organic polymers, anchored homogeneous catalysts, and dye-sensitized heterostructures are discussed from a material perspective. In addition, fundamental understandings of reaction mechanisms and rational design of nanostructured photocatalysts for enhancing efficiency, selectivity, and stability are discussed in detail.
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Ye, Chen, and Yu Huan. "Studies on Electron Escape Condition in Semiconductor Nanomaterials via Photodeposition Reaction." Materials 15, no. 6 (March 13, 2022): 2116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15062116.
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In semiconductor material-driven photocatalysis systems, the generation and migration of charge carriers are core research contents. Among these, the separation of electron-hole pairs and the transfer of electrons to a material’s surface played a crucial role. In this work, photodeposition, a photocatalysis reaction, was used as a “tool” to point out the electron escaping sites on a material’s surface. This “tool” could be used to visually indicate the active particles in photocatalyst materials. Photoproduced electrons need to be transferred to the surface, and they will only participate in reactions at the surface. By reacting with escaped electrons, metal ions could be reduced to nanoparticles immediately and deposited at electron come-out sites. Based on this, the electron escaping conditions of photocatalyst materials have been investigated and surveyed through the photodeposition of platinum. Our results indicate that, first, in monodispersed nanocrystal materials, platinum nanoparticles deposited randomly on a particle’s surface. This can be attributed to the abundant surface defects, which provide driving forces for electron escaping. Second, platinum nanoparticles were found to be deposited, preferentially, on one side in heterostructured nanocrystals. This is considered to be a combination result of work function difference and existence of heterojunction structure.
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Henríquez, Adolfo, Romina Romero, Lorena Cornejo-Ponce, Claudio Salazar, Juan Díaz, Victoria Melín, Héctor D. Mansilla, Gina Pecchi, and David Contreras. "Selective Oxofunctionalization of Cyclohexane and Benzyl Alcohol over BiOI/TiO2 Heterojunction." Catalysts 12, no. 3 (March 11, 2022): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12030318.
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Heterogeneous photocatalysis under visible light irradiation allows performing of selective oxofunctionalization of hydrocarbons at ambient temperature and pressure, using molecular oxygen as a sacrificial reagent and potential use of sunlight as a sustainable and low-cost energy source. In the present work, a photocatalytic material based on heterojunction of titanium dioxide and bismuth oxyiodide was used as photocatalyst on selective oxofunctionalization of cyclohexane and benzyl alcohol. The selective oxidation reactions were performed in a homemade photoreactor equipped with a metal halide lamp and injected air as a source of molecular oxygen. The identified oxidized products obtained from oxofunctionalization of cyclohexane were cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone. On the other hand, the product obtained from oxofunctionalization of benzyl alcohol was benzaldehyde. The yield obtained with BiOI/TiO2 photocatalysts was higher than that obtained with pure bismuth oxyiodide. The higher performance of this material with respect to pure BiOI was attributed to its higher specific area.
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Huo, Haohao, Yuzhen Li, Shaojie Wang, Siyang Tan, Xin Li, Siyuan Yi, and Lizhen Gao. "Construction of Highly Active Zn3In2S6 (110)/g-C3N4 System by Low Temperature Solvothermal for Efficient Degradation of Tetracycline under Visible Light." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 21 (October 30, 2022): 13221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232113221.
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Herein, Zn3In2S6 photocatalyst with (110) exposed facet was prepared by low temperature solvothermal method. On this basis, a highly efficient binary Zn3In2S6/g-C3N4 was obtained by low temperature solvothermal method and applied to the degradation of tetracycline (TC). The samples of the preparation were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, UV–vis diffuse reflection spectroscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Furthermore, the degradation performance of photocatalysts on TC was investigated under different experimental conditions. Finally, the mechanism of Zn3In2S6/g-C3N4 composite material degrading TC is discussed. The results show that Zn3In2S6 and Zn3In2S6/g-C3N4 photocatalysts with excellent performance could be successfully prepared at lower temperature. The Zn3In2S6/g-C3N4 heterojunction photocatalyst could significantly improve the photocatalytic activity compared with g-C3N4. After 150 min of illumination, the efficiency of 80%Zn3In2S6/g-C3N4 to degrade TC was 1.35 times that of g-C3N4. The improvement of photocatalytic activity was due to the formation of Zn3In2S6/g-C3N4 heterojunction, which promoted the transfer of photogenerated electron–holes. The cycle experiment test confirmed that Zn3In2S6/g-C3N4 composite material had excellent stability. The free radical capture experiment showed that ·O2− was the primary active material. This study provides a new strategy for the preparation of photocatalysts with excellent performance at low temperature.
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Rahmawati, Anita, and Diah Hari Kusumawati. "REVIEW : KOMPOSIT TiO2/rGO SEBAGAI FOTOKATALIS UNTUK MENDEGRADASI ZAT WARNA." Inovasi Fisika Indonesia 9, no. 2 (June 22, 2020): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/ifi.v9n2.p78-84.
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AbstrakKomposit TiO2/rGO merupakan material yang terbukti dapat digunakan sebagai fotokatalis, hal ini telah dibuktikan pada berbagai penelitian. Komposit TiO2/rGO ini dapat dibuat dengan menggunakan berbagai metode diantaranya adalah mixing dan sonikasi, metode sol-gel, metode hidrotermal dan solvothermal. Fotokatalis komposit TiO2/rGO ini memiliki kemampuan yang lebih baik dalam mendegradasi zat warna dari pada fotokatalis TiO2, hal ini dikarenakan band gap yang dimiliki komposit TiO2/rGO lebih kecil dari band gap TiO2, sehingga fotokatalis komposit TiO2/rGO dapat aktif pada daerah cahaya tampak sedangkan fotokatalis TiO2 hanya aktif pada daerah ultraviolet (UV). Dengan keaktifan band gap fotokatalis komposit TiO2/rGO tersebut maka apabila dikenai oleh energi (sinar matahari) yang lebih besar, elektron pada pita valensi akan bergerak menuju pita konduksi, dari perpindahan tersebut akan dihasilkan hole yang berinteraksi dengan pelarut air membentuk radikal yang kemudian dalam proses fotodegradasi akan mengakibatkan terjadinya pemecahan molekul-molekul organik menjadi molekul yang sederhana seperti karbon dioksida (CO2) dan hidrogen dioksida (H2O). Dari data-data hasil penelitian yang dilaporkan, efisiensi fotokatalis komposit TiO2/rGO dalam mendegradasi konsentrasi zat warna dalam air lebih baik dari pada dengan menggunakan fotokatalis TiO2, didapatkan efisiensi fotokatalis komposit TiO2/rGO adalah sebesar 70%; 95%; 100%; 93%; 99,2%; 100%; 85%; 98%; 94% sedangkan eifiensi fotokatalis TiO2 adalah sebesar 10%; 86%; 54%; 55%; 22%; 75,5%, 75%. Kata Kunci : Fotokatalis, TiO2/rGO, degradasi, efisiensi. AbstractTiO2/rGO composite is a material that has been proven to be used as a photocatalyst, this is evidenced in various studies. These TiO2/rGO composites can be made using various methods including mixing and sonication, sol-gel method, hydrothermal method and solvothermal. This TiO2/rGO composite photocatalyst has better ability to degrade dyes than TiO2 photocatalyst, this is because the band gap of the TiO2/rGO composite is smaller than the TiO2 band gap, so that the TiO2/rGO composite photocatalyst can be active in visible light areas whereas TiO2 photocatalyst is only active in the ultraviolet (UV) region. with the activity of TiO2/rGO composite photocatalyst band gap, if it is subjected to greater energy (sunlight), electrons in the valence band will move towards the conduction band, from the displacement will result in holes that interact with water solvents to form radicals which then in the process photodegradation will result in the breakdown of organic molecules into simple molecules such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen dioxide (H2O). From the reported research results, the efficiency of TiO2/rGO composite photocatalysts in degrading the concentration of dye in water is better than using TiO2 photocatalysts, the efficiency of TiO2/rGO composite photocatalysts is 70%; 95%; 100%; 93%; 99.2%; 100%; 85%; 98%; 94% while the TiO2 photocatalyst efficacy is 10%; 86%; 54%; 55%; 22%; 75.5%, 75%. Keywords: Photocatalyst, TiO2/rGO, degradation, efficiency.
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Rocha, Rafael Lisandro P., Luzia Maria C. Honorio, Roosevelt Delano de S. Bezerra, Pollyana Trigueiro, Thiago Marinho Duarte, Maria Gardennia Fonseca, Edson C. Silva-Filho, and Josy A. Osajima. "Light-Activated Hydroxyapatite Photocatalysts: New Environmentally-Friendly Materials to Mitigate Pollutants." Minerals 12, no. 5 (April 23, 2022): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12050525.
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This review focuses on a reasoned search for articles to treat contaminated water using hydroxyapatite (HAp)-based compounds. In addition, the fundamentals of heterogeneous photocatalysis were considered, combined with parameters that affect the pollutants’ degradation using hydroxyapatite-based photocatalyst design and strategies of this photocatalyst, and the challenges of and perspectives on the development of these materials. Many critical applications have been analyzed to degrade dyes, drugs, and pesticides using HAp-based photocatalysts. This systematic review highlights the recent state-of-the-art advances that enable new paths and good-quality preparations of HAp-derived photocatalysts for photocatalysis.
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Eddy, D. R. "THE USE OF NANO-SIZED NATURAL SILICA TO VISIBLE LIGHT PHOTOCATALYST AS A MASK COATING FOR INACTIVATION OF SARS-CoV-2: A REVIEW." RASAYAN Journal of Chemistry 15, no. 03 (2022): 1822–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31788/rjc.2022.1536932.
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Research on antiviral agents to inactivate SARS-CoV-2 is still a concern of researchers. Many innovations have been made, one of which is coating the surface of cloth masks using photocatalyst materials. Visible light photocatalysts have been shown to have antimicrobial properties in sunlight. The study of material modification becomes important to select and optimize the supporting materials used. We observed that modifications with nano-silica particles (SiO2) have good transmission capabilities and can be produced from natural sources (biological and non-biological). Therefore, this utilization is carried out to apply the principle of zero waste, namely renewable natural sources as a source/precursor of nano-silica. In this study, we focus on renewable research related to the use of natural nano-silica as supporting material for visible light photocatalysts will be explored to be coated on polyester mask fabrics as an effort to inactivate SARS-CoV-2 on the surface of the mask.
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Feng, Yan Wen. "Study on TiO2/Tourmaline Composite Photocatalyst Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 423-426 (September 2013): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.67.
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TiO2/tourmaline composite photocatalyst materials were fabricated mainly by the sol-gel technique. Study found that, TiO2/tourmaline composite photocatalyst materials, under the bombardment by electron beam in SEM, would turn to be brighter and attract each other, and the electrostatic gravitation among the TiO2/tourmaline composite photocatalyst materials granules grow up evidently on their surfaces with the accumulations of electron from the electron probe, so as to be strong enough to force the TiO2/tourmaline composite photocatalyst materials granules to be shifted rapidly and accumulated into clusters ultimately, and the granules which were heat treatment on 600°C for 3h shifted most strongly. And the average absorption rate of TiO2/tourmaline composite photocatalyst material was stronger than nano-TiO2, in the visible region of wavelength 400-500nm. In addition, TiO2/tourmaline composite photocatalyst materials were capable of activating water molecules to reduce agglomeration of water molecules, and to increase the amount of dissolved oxygen in the Photocatalytic reaction system.
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Ioannidou, Thaleia, Maria Anagnostopoulou, Dimitrios Papoulis, Konstantinos C. Christoforidis, and Ioanna A. Vasiliadou. "UiO-66/Palygorskite/TiO2 Ternary Composites as Adsorbents and Photocatalysts for Methyl Orange Removal." Applied Sciences 12, no. 16 (August 17, 2022): 8223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12168223.
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Metal–organic frameworks are recognized as a new generation of emerging porous materials in a variety of applications including adsorption and photocatalysis. The present study presents the development of ternary composite materials made through the coupling of UiO-66 with palygorskite (Pal) clay mineral and titanium dioxide (TiO2) applied as adsorbent and photocatalyst for the removal of methyl orange (MO) from aqueous solutions as a typical anionic dye. The prepared materials were characterized using XRD, ATR, DR UV/Vis, and TGA analysis. Detailed kinetic experiments revealed that the presence of the clay at low amounts in the composite outperformed the adsorption efficiency of pure UiO-66, increasing MO adsorption by ca. 8%. In addition, coupling Pal/UiO-66 with TiO2 for the production of ternary composites provided photocatalytic properties that resulted in complete removal of MO. This was not observed in the pure UiO-66, the Pal/UiO-66 composite, or the pure TiO2 material. This study presents the first example of clay mineral/MOF/TiO2 composites with improved performance in removing dyes from aqueous solutions and highlights the importance of coupling MOFs with low-cost clay minerals and photocatalysts for the development of multifunctional advanced composites.
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Namigata, Hikaru, Kanako Watanabe, Saya Okubo, Masashi Hasegawa, Keishi Suga, and Daisuke Nagao. "Double-Inverse-Opal-Structured Particle Assembly as a Novel Immobilized Photocatalytic Material." Materials 14, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14010028.
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Immobilization of photocatalysts on supports is an important method of adding highly active photocatalysts to a continuous flowing system without the need for photocatalyst recovery. However, direct immobilization prevents exposure to all photocatalytically active surfaces. Therefore, to immobilize particulate photocatalysts, while exposing the photocatalytic surface to organic pollutant water in a continuous flowing system, in this study, we employed double-inverse-opal (DIO) with periodically arranged, interconnected macropores, each containing a single photocatalytic particle. Increasing the macropore size successfully enhanced the decomposition rate of organic dye due to the high diffusion rate of dye molecules in the macropores of thin DIOs. However, an excessive increase in macropore size lowered the decomposition rate of dye molecules because an increase in DIO thickness caused the attenuation of light used to excite the photocatalytic particles. This study presents novel, immobilized photocatalytic DIO-structured particles that can be employed in continuous flowing reaction systems by tuning the photocatalytic particle size, macropore size, and DIO thickness.
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Wang, Xijun, Guozhen Zhang, Li Yang, Edward Sharman, and Jun Jiang. "Material descriptors for photocatalyst/catalyst design." Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Computational Molecular Science 8, no. 5 (May 8, 2018): e1369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wcms.1369.
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., Sufiati, Siti Nur Ayn, Ika Sulistiyani, Muhammad Nurdin, and La Ode Agus Salim. "Metal-doped TiO2 photocatalyst as antibacterial - A Review." Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment 25, no. 8 (July 25, 2022): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/258rjce129135.
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Photocatalyst nanomaterials are developing as new materials for many applications. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a photocatalyst nanomaterial widely applied to solar cells, chemical sensors, health products and paint pigmentation. In this review article, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the development of the metal as a TiO2 doping material and its application as an antibacterial. TiO2 as an antimicrobial photocatalyst has been widely reported. Sol-gel synthesis method on semiconductors can make nanoparticle size, not agglomerate, homogeneous, pure and control mass distribution. Metal-doped TiO2 can activate the performance of TiO2 to work on visible light, thereby increasing the performance of TiO2 in its application as an antibacterial. Nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and sulfur (S) have been shown to affect increasing the performance of TiO2 to inhibit bacteria in visible light. TiO2/Ni has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria. TiO2/Cu has antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E.coli), S. aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia (K. Pneumonia) and Saccharomyces sp.. TiO2/Mn/S has antibacterial activity against Bacillus coagulans (B. Coagulans) and (K. Pneumonia). This review can add to the knowledge and the latest developments of metaldoped TiO2 photocatalysts based on antibacterial properties to be applied to water-purifying membranes, skin health and self-cleaning paints.
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Zhou, Ruiting. "Preparation of Photocatalyst, Reaction Mechanism and Its Application in Environmental Control." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 26 (December 30, 2022): 461–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v26i.4027.
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At present, due to the overuse of resources in the process of human development and the neglect of the concept of green development, environmental pollution has become increasingly serious, which has become a major problem to be solved all over the world. Common environmental pollution, such as wastewater pollution, air pollution and bacterial pollution, pose a great threat to the ecological environment and human health. As a material emerged in the 1930 s, photocatalyst has been proved to be able to effectively degrade a variety of inorganic and organic pollutants, and most of the reactions are green and environmentally friendly. It will not produce more pollutants, can effectively alleviate the environmental crisis, and is widely used in antibacterial, resource development and other fields. This paper mainly introduces the preparation methods of three common photocatalysts, the mechanism of TiO2 photocatalyst, and the application of photocatalyst in environmental governance.
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Terasaki, Nao, Hongwu Zhang, Yusuke Imai, Hiroshi Yamada, and Chao-Nan Xu. "Hybrid material consisting of mechanoluminescent material and TiO2 photocatalyst." Thin Solid Films 518, no. 2 (November 2009): 473–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2009.07.026.
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Gao, Yue, Qing-Bo Meng, Bao-Xin Wang, Yu Zhang, Hui Mao, Da-Wei Fang, and Xi-Ming Song. "Polyacrylonitrile Derived Robust and Flexible Poly(ionic liquid)s Nanofiber Membrane as Catalyst Supporter." Catalysts 12, no. 3 (February 26, 2022): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12030266.
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Poly(ionic liquid)s nanofiber (PIL NF) membrane was derived from polyacrylonitrile by converting its cyano groups to imidazoline moieties via cyclization with ethylenediamine, followed by quaternization with 1-bromobutane. The novel PIL NF is further decorated with photocatalyst phosphotungstic acid PW12 via anion exchanging to give PW-PIL. The degradation rate of the novel supported photocatalyst towards methyl orange irradiated under visible light was found to be 98%. In addition, the nanofiber membrane morphology is beneficial for easy recycling, and 98% of original degradation rate was maintained after 5 cycles of photocatalysis degradation. This robust, efficient, and recyclable material offers a new approach for serving as catalyst supporter. The photocatalyst PW-PIL is reported for the first time. The inexpensive functional membrane is used to exploit the sun as a cheap and clean source of light.
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Gilja, Vanja, Zvonimir Katančić, Ljerka Kratofil Krehula, Vilko Mandić, and Zlata Hrnjak-Murgić. "Efficiency of TiO2 catalyst supported by modified waste fly ash during photodegradation of RR45 dye." Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 26, no. 1 (January 28, 2019): 292–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/secm-2019-0017.
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AbstractThe waste fly ash (FA) material was subjected to chemical treatment with HCl at elevated temperature for a different time to modify its porosity. Modified FA particles with highest surface area and pore volume were further used as a support for TiO2 catalyst during FA/TiO2 nanocomposite preparation. The nanocomposite photocatalysts were obtained by in situ sol–gel synthesis of titanium dioxide in the presence of FA particles. To perform accurate characterization of modified FA and FA/TiO2 nanocomposite photocatalysts, gas adsorption-desorption analysis, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, UV/Vis and Infrared spectroscopy were used. Efficiency evaluation of the synthesized FA/TiO2 nanocomposites was performed by following the removal of Reactive Red 45 (RR45) azo dye during photocatalytic treatment under the UV-A irradiation. Photocatalysis has been carried out up to five cycles with the same catalysts to investigate their stability and the possible reuse. The FA/TiO2 photocatalyst showed very good photocatalytic activity and stability even after the fifth cycles. The obtained results show that successfully modified waste fly ash can be used as very good TiO2 support.
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Isac, Luminita, and Alexandru Enesca. "Recent Developments in ZnS-Based Nanostructures Photocatalysts for Wastewater Treatment." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 24 (December 10, 2022): 15668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415668.
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The continuous growth of the world population has led to the constant increase of environmental pollution, with serious consequences for human health. Toxic, non-biodegradable, and recalcitrant organic pollutants (e.g., dyes, pharmaceuticals, pesticides) are discharged into water resources from various industries, such as textiles, leather, pharmaceuticals, plastics, etc. Consequently, the treatment of industrial wastewater, via a sustainable technology, represents a great challenge for worldwide research. Photocatalytic technology, an innovative technique based on advanced oxidation process (AOP), is considered a green technology with promising prospects in the remediation of global environmental issues. In photocatalysis, a very important role is attributed to the photocatalyst, usually a semiconductor material with high solar light absorption capacity and conductivity for photogenerated-charge carriers. Zinc sulfide (ZnS), as n-type semiconductor with different morphologies and band gap energies (Eg = 3.2–3.71 eV), is recognized as a promising photocatalyst for the removal of organic pollutants from wastewater, especially under UV light irradiation. This review deals with the recent developments (the last five years) in ZnS nanostructures (0D, 1D, 3D) and ZnS-based heterojunctions (n-n, n-p, Z scheme) used as photocatalysts for organic pollutants’ degradation under simulated (UV, Vis) and sunlight irradiation in wastewater treatment. The effects of different synthesis parameters (precursors’ type and concentration, capping agents’ dosages, reaction time and temperature, metal doping, ZnS concentration in heterostructures, etc.) and properties (particle size, morphology, band gap energy, and surface properties) on the photocatalytic performance of ZnS-based photocatalysts for various organic pollutants’ degradation are extensively discussed.
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Cheng, Xian Xiong, Yong Hong Zhao, Tao Zhang, and Dan Zhou. "Research Progress on TiO2-Based Visible Light Photocatalyst." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 669–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.669.
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In this paper the progress on research of visible light response TiO2photocatalyst was summarized. From the perspectives of positive ion doping, nonmetal elements doping, precious metals deposit, dye photosensitization and new type composite photocatalyst, the paper investigated the preparation, photocatalysis mechanism, effects and shortcomings of the concerned material. The research situation, progress and prospects of visible light response TiO2photocatalyst were described systematically.
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Fernandes, Raquel A., Maria J. Sampaio, Joaquim L. Faria, and Cláudia G. Silva. "Synthesis of Vitamin B3 through a Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Approach Using Metal-Free Carbon Nitride-Based Catalysts." Molecules 27, no. 4 (February 15, 2022): 1295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27041295.
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Vitamin B3 (nicotinic acid, VB3) was synthesized through the photocatalytic oxidation of 3-pyridinemethanol (3PM) under visible-light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation using metal-free graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) - based materials. A bulk (GCN) material was prepared by a simple thermal treatment using dicyandiamide as the precursor. A post-thermal treatment under static air and nitrogen flow was employed to obtain the GCN-T and GCN-T-N materials, respectively. The conditions adopted during the post-treatment revealed differences in the resulting materials’ morphological, electronic, and optical properties. The post-treated photocatalysts revealed an enhanced efficiency in the oxidation of 3PM into VB3, with the GCN-T-N photocatalyst being the best-performing material. The defective surface, reduced crystallinity, and superior photoabsorption of GCN-T-N account for this material’s improved performance in the production of VB3. Nevertheless, the presence of nitrogen vacancies in the carbon nitride structure and, consequently, the creation of mid-gap states also accounts to its highly oxidative ability. The immobilization of GCN-T-N in sodium alginate hydrogel was revealed as a promising strategy to produce VB3, avoiding the need for the photocatalyst separation step. Concerning the mechanism of synthesis of VB3 through the photocatalytic oxidation of 3PM, it was possible to identify the presence of 3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde (3PC) as the intermediary product.
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Iliyas, Zhanmukamet, Jian Ma, Lina Li, Congjie Liang, Huaming Li, Yingjie Hua, and Chongtai Wang. "A novel carbon quantum dots (CQDs) modified Cs4PW11O39Fe(III)(H2O) material to achieve high photocatalytic property." Functional Materials Letters 13, no. 05 (July 2020): 2051022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604720510224.
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Keggin-type polyoxometalates is a kind of promising photocatalyst with adjustable light absorption range. However, the high recombination rate of photogenerated charge carriers hampered its photocatalytic efficiency. To solve this weakness, novel carbon quantum dots (CQDs) modified Cs4PW11O39Fe(III)(H2O) photocatalysts (CQDs/Cs4PW11Fe) have been synthesized via a hydrothermal process. Phase structure, morphology, optical and electronic properties of the as prepared photocatalysts were systematically characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, DRS and surface photovoltage tests. It could be found that CQDs was well deposited on the surface of Cs4PW11Fe, which has broadened the light absorption of Cs4PW11Fe. The photodegradation efficiencies of the CQDs/Cs4PW11Fe composite photocatalysts for RhB under visible light irradiation were clearly enhanced. Trapping experiments were carried out to detect the photocatalytic mechanisms. The charge transfer and separation efficiencies of the samples were confirmed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests.
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Bakhtiar, Amina, Zohra Bouberka, Pascal Roussel, Christophe Volkringer, Ahmed Addad, Baghdad Ouddane, Christel Pierlot, and Ulrich Maschke. "Development of a TiO2/Sepiolite Photocatalyst for the Degradation of a Persistent Organic Pollutant in Aqueous Solution." Nanomaterials 12, no. 19 (September 23, 2022): 3313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12193313.
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A clay-based TiO2 nanocomposite material was synthesized by a facile method, to investigate its structure and photocatalytic efficiency. The supported TiO2 nanoparticles were generated using a sol-gel method, and subsequently, mixed with a suspension of sepiolite. The material was recovered in powder form (Mc-80) and then calcined to properly arrange the crystal lattice of the TiO2 particles for use in heterogeneous photocatalysis (Mc-80-500). A powder X-ray diffractogram of Mc-80-500 revealed a dispersion of anatase and rutile phase TiO2 particles on the clay surface, exhibiting a size in the order of 4–8 nm. TEM images of Mc-80-500 confirmed the presence of isolated TiO2 beads on the surface of the fibrous sepiolite. The specific surface area of Mc-80-500 was larger than that of raw sepiolite and that of free TiO2 nanoparticles. Mc-80-500 was found to be more efficient in heterogeneous photocatalysis compared to other TiO2 materials based on sepiolite. Total depollution of a reactive dye (Orange G) was achieved after 1 h irradiation time, which is relatively quick compared to previous reports. The photocatalyst material can be washed with distilled water without chemical additives or calcination, and can be reused several times for photocatalysis, without loss of efficiency.
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You, Wei. "Research Progresses and Development Trends of High-Efficacy Photocatalysts." Applied Mechanics and Materials 496-500 (January 2014): 532–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.496-500.532.
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Progresses of research on high-efficacy photocatalyst were introduced in this paper. Firstly, efficiency-strengthening methods of TiO2-serie photocatalysts were summarized basing on collected literatures, including photosensitization, alloying, moreover, novel photocatalysis materials and technologies and probable development tendencies in the future were introduced, such as broad-spectrum photocatalysts, broad-energy and energy-sensitive catalysts and high-efficacy controllable high-power photocatalysis materials and equipments.
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Kusmierek, Elzbieta. "A CeO2 Semiconductor as a Photocatalytic and Photoelectrocatalytic Material for the Remediation of Pollutants in Industrial Wastewater: A Review." Catalysts 10, no. 12 (December 8, 2020): 1435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10121435.
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The direct discharge of industrial wastewater into the environment results in serious contamination. Photocatalytic treatment with the application of sunlight and its enhancement by coupling with electrocatalytic degradation offers an inexpensive and green technology enabling the total removal of refractory pollutants such as surfactants, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, textile dyes, and heavy metals, from industrial wastewater. Among metal oxide—semiconductors, cerium dioxide (CeO2) is one of the photocatalysts most commonly applied in pollutant degradation. CeO2 exhibits promising photocatalytic activity. Nonetheless, the position of conduction bands (CB) and valence bands (VB) in CeO2 limits its application as an efficient photocatalyst utilizing solar energy. Its photocatalytic activity in wastewater treatment can be improved by various modification techniques, including changes in morphology, doping with metal cation dopants and non-metal dopants, coupling with other semiconductors, and combining it with carbon supporting materials. This paper presents a general overview of CeO2 application as a single or composite photocatalyst in the treatment of various pollutants. The photocatalytic characteristics of CeO2 and its composites are described. The main photocatalytic reactions with the participation of CeO2 under UV and VIS irradiation are presented. This review summarizes the existing knowledge, with a particular focus on the main experimental conditions employed in the photocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic degradation of various pollutants with the application of CeO2 as a single and composite photocatalyst.