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Journal articles on the topic 'Photo-Scanning'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

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1

Cledat, E., and J. Skaloud. "FUSION OF PHOTO WITH AIRBORNE LASER SCANNING." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences V-1-2020 (August 3, 2020): 173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-v-1-2020-173-2020.

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Abstract. Photogrammetry and Laser-Scanning are usually considered as complementary. Integration of these two observation methods has the potential to blend their individual advantages. The resulting benefit is likely to be higher in drone airborne mapping, which payload capacity (and thus the quality of the embedded IMU) is limited. Thus, the trajectory computed by the IMU is subject to important time-dependent errors: even if the global attitude is less adequate, it is self-coherent locally. For this reason, we propose a close integration of Photogrammetry with Laser-Scanning based on the correction of time-dependent error of the trajectory with the help of the image observations acquired by the camera. Apart from the trajectory, this hybridization requires optical correspondences between image and Laser measurements. Such full set of input data is rigorously fused together in a Bundle-Adjustment in order to better determine the trajectory, and thus the resulting point-cloud. The presented theory was practically evaluated in an airborne case against a reference solution.

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2

Kristály, Álmos, and Péter Ficzere. "Study on the Photo-Based 3d Scanning Process." Hungarian Journal of Industry and Chemistry 49, no. 2 (2021): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33927/hjic-2021-15.

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The experiment aims to determine the practical applicability of photo-based 3D scanning technologies. With the help of computer software, 3D printable, simulation-ready models are created from regular photographs. The accuracy and consistency of such models are evaluated regarding usability engineering.

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3

SHIGEKAWA, Hidemi. "Scanning Probe Microscopy: Present Status and New Development. Photo-assisted Scanning Tunneling Microscopy." Hyomen Kagaku 20, no. 5 (1999): 336–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1380/jsssj.20.336.

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4

Forsthuber, Boris, Andreas Illy, and Gerhard Grüll. "Photo-scanning colorimetry of wood and transparent wood coatings." European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 72, no. 4 (May 8, 2014): 487–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00107-014-0808-6.

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5

Krause, Steffi, Habib Talabani, Ming Xu, Werner Moritz, and John Griffiths. "Scanning photo-induced impedance microscopy—an impedance based imaging technique." Electrochimica Acta 47, no. 13-14 (May 2002): 2143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0013-4686(02)00088-9.

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6

Ishii, M., K. Sakurai, N. R. J. Poolton, and B. Hamilton. "Photo excited scanning probe microscopy for buried nano structure analyses." Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan 32, no. 1 (2007): 243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14723/tmrsj.32.243.

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7

Krause, Steffi, Werner Moritz, Habib Talabani, Ming Xu, Andrea Sabot, and Graham Ensell. "Scanning Photo-Induced Impedance Microscopy—Resolution studies and polymer characterization." Electrochimica Acta 51, no. 8-9 (January 2006): 1423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2005.02.119.

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8

Lhenry, Sébastien, Benoît Boichard, Yann R. Leroux, Pascale Even-Hernandez, Valérie Marchi, and Philippe Hapiot. "Photo-electrochemical properties of quantum rods studied by scanning electrochemical microscopy." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19, no. 6 (2017): 4627–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp07143k.

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9

Alharthi, Fahad A., Alanood Sulaiman Ababtain, Hamdah S. Alanazi, Wedyan Saud Al-Nafaei, and Imran Hasan. "Synthesis of Zn3V2O8/rGO Nanocomposite for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production." Inorganics 11, no. 3 (February 24, 2023): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics11030093.

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In this study, zinc vanadate/reduced graphene oxide (Zn3V2O8/rGO) composite has been synthesized via a simple approach. Advanced characterization techniques (powder X-ray, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy) have been used to authenticate the formation of Zn3V2O8/rGO composite. Subsequently, Zn3V2O8/rGO was applied as photo-catalyst for hydrogen generation using photo-catalysis. The Zn3V2O8/rGO photo-catalyst exhibited a good hydrogen generation amount of 104.6 µmolg−1. The Zn3V2O8/rGO composite also demonstrates excellent cyclic stability which indicated better reusability of the photo-catalyst (Zn3V2O8/rGO). This work proposes a new photo-catalyst for H2 production application. We believe that the presence of synergistic interactions was responsible for the improved photo-catalytic properties of Zn3V2O8/rGO composite. The Zn3V2O8/rGO composite is an environmentally friendly and cost-effective photo-catalyst and can be used for photo-catalytic applications.

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Novosad, Petr, Jan Přikryl, Pavel Louda, Michal Holák, Jaroslav Válek, Petr Svora, Rudolf Hela, and Jian Guo Zhu. "Functional Vibro Pressed Pavement with Ecological Benefits." Advanced Materials Research 787 (September 2013): 328–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.787.328.

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The paper describes results of functional tests of photo catalytic materials directly in matrix of prefabricated vibro pressed pavement blocks. Resulting surfaces of photo catalytic concrete products were tested with respect to conversion of NOx and surface was analyzed with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), so called element maps were elaborated by means of Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS).

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11

Araujo, Karolline A. S., Luiz A. Cury, Matheus J. S. Matos, Thales F. D. Fernandes, Luiz G. Cançado, and Bernardo R. A. Neves. "Electro-optical interfacial effects on a graphene/π-conjugated organic semiconductor hybrid system." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 9 (March 23, 2018): 963–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.9.90.

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The influence of graphene and retinoic acid (RA) – a π-conjugated organic semiconductor – interface on their hybrid system is investigated. The physical properties of the interface are assessed via scanning probe microscopy, optical spectroscopy (photoluminescence and Raman) and ab initio calculations. The graphene/RA interaction induces the formation of a well-organized π-conjugated self-assembled monolayer (SAM) at the interface. Such structural organization leads to the high optical emission efficiency of the RA SAM, even at room temperature. Additionally, photo-assisted electrical force microscopy, photo-assisted scanning Kelvin probe microscopy and Raman spectroscopy indicate a RA-induced graphene doping and photo-charge generation. Finally, the optical excitation of the RA monolayer generates surface potential changes on the hybrid system. In summary, interface-induced organized structures atop 2D materials may have an important impact on both design and operation of π-conjugated nanomaterial-based hybrid systems.

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12

BOZORGTABAR, MARYAMOSSADAT, MEHDI SALEHI, MOHAMMADREZA RAHIMIPOUR, and MOHAMMADREZA JAFARPOUR. "PHOTO-CATALYTIC ACTIVITY AND PHOTO-ABSORPTION OF PLASMA-SPRAYED NANO-STRUCTURED TiO2 COATINGS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 24, no. 31 (December 20, 2010): 6115–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021797921005483x.

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Titanium dioxide coatings were deposited by utilizing atmospheric plasma-spraying system. The agglomerated P25/20 nano-powder and different spraying parameters (e.g., Argon flow rate and spray distance) were used to determine their influences on the microstructure, crystalline structure, photo-absorption, and photo-catalytic performance of the coatings. The microstructure and phases of as-sprayed TiO 2 coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscope SEM and X-ray diffraction, respectively. Surface characteristics were investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared. Photo-catalytic efficiency of the elaborated samples was also determined in an environmental test chamber set-up and evaluated from the conversion rate of ethanol. The photo-absorption was determined by UV–Vis spectrophotometer. The as-sprayed TiO2 coating was photo-catalytically reactive for the degradation of ethanol. The photo-catalytic activity was influenced by spray conditions. It is found that the photo-catalytic activity is significantly influenced by anatase content, surface area, and surface state. The results showed that the argon flow rate has an influence on the microstructure, anatase content, and photo-catalytic activity of the TiO 2 coatings.

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13

Bei, Zhongwu, Yuan Huang, Yangwei Chen, Yiping Cao, and Jin Li. "Photo-induced carbocation-enhanced charge transport in single-molecule junctions." Chemical Science 11, no. 23 (2020): 6026–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0sc00505c.

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14

Zhang, Ying Chen, Hong Yan Wu, Min Cong Zhu, En Qiang Wang, and Deng Xin Li. "Synthesis and Performance of Porous TiO₂." Advanced Materials Research 266 (June 2011): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.266.55.

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A composite photo-catalyst of nano-TiO2 (TIO) grafted in the pores of expanded graphite (EG) was prepared by a process that included microwave irradiation method and hydrolysis method directly. Fourier transformation infrared spectroscope (FT-IR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used to characterize the structure and the chemical structure of the photo-catalyst. The results indicate that expanded graphite had a unique net-like pores structure and nano TiO2 was loaded on EG to form EG/ TiO2 (EGTIO) composite photo-catalyst.

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15

Toepper, Michael, Tanja Braun, Robert Gernhardt, Martin Wilke, Piotr Mackowiak, Klaus-Dieter Lang, Corey O'Connor, et al. "BCB-Based Dry Film low k Permanent Polymer with sub 4-μm Vias for Advanced WLP and FO-WLP Applications." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2015, no. 1 (October 1, 2015): 000079–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2015-tp33.

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There is a strong demand to increase the routing density of the RDL to match the requirements for future microelectronic systems which are mainly miniaturization and performance. Photo-resists for structuring the metallization or acting as a mold for electroplating are common for very fine lines and spaces due to the developments in the front-end processing. For example chemical amplified Photo-resists are now moving in the back-end and wafer level packaging process. The results are mainly governed by the performance of the equipment i.e. the photo-tool. This is different for the permanent dielectric polymer material. The major difference in photo-resists and dielectric photo-polymer are the different functions of the material systems. Photo-resists are only temporary masks for subsequent process steps like etching and plating. This is different for the photo-polymers which are a permanent part of the future systems. In this paper a new technology is discussed which uses a laser scanning ablation process and BCB-Based Dry Film low k Permanent Polymer. Laser ablation of polymers is in principle not a new technology. Low speed and high cost was the major barrier. But the combination of a scanning technology together with quartz masks has opened this technology to overcome the limitation of the current photo-polymer process. The new technology is described in detail and the results of structuring BCB-Based Films down to less than 4 μm via diameter in a 15 μm thick film has been shown. The via side wall can be controlled by the fluence of the laser pulse. Test structures have been designed and fabricated to demonstrate the excellent electrical resistivity of the vias using a two-layer metallization process.

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16

Levchenko, Roman V. "THE ALGORITHM FOR SEARCHING THE SOLAR CELL SCANNING AREA TO DIAGNOSE ITS EFFICIENCY." Автоматизация процессов управления 2, no. 64 (2021): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35752/1991-2927-2021-2-64-111-118.

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The article deals with the developed method for diagnosing photo scanning of solar cells using a monitor screen and a personal computer connected to it. The photo-scanning method can be used as quality control in the technological chain of semiconductor devices. The method comprises hardware and software. The hardware part is used for obtaining photoresponse in form of voltage. The software part ensures receiving, processing, storing and visualizing of data. The proposed device has a problem of entering scanning area of the solar cells. This problem is revealed at stage of element positioning in the diagnostic process. The defect is eliminated by introducing a software and mathematical support for searching sensitive area of an element. The algorithm of the scanning area search scanning is a process of exposure light spot in form of rows and columns. Photovoltage values in these areas are compared with the value of insensitivity limit. As a result, the program receives illumination area of the the solar cell effective region. The algorithm also increases the diagnostic speed in case of complete loss of efficiency in a some area of

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17

Ijaz, Talha, Xin Zhang, Xiaorui Chen, Xueting Xing, Simin Fang, Mengyuan Liu, Huan Lu, Fangsen Li, Jianzhi Gao, and Minghu Pan. "Supramolecular Self-Assembly and Photo-Induced Transition of a Halogenated Azo-Benzene Molecule on Au(111) Surface." Crystals 13, no. 3 (February 26, 2023): 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst13030404.

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Azobenzene derivatives are a unique class of photo-switch molecules with promising potential for nanoscale optical applications. We have studied the self-assembly and photo-induced mechanical switching of azobenzene derivatives on Au(111) at the single-molecule level by using scanning tunneling microscope (STM). 4,4′-Dibromo-azobenzene (Br-AB) molecules are assembled into two types of well-ordered structures on Au(111) surfaces in the trans-isomer configuration. Br-AB molecules experienced configurational changes from trans-to-cis photo-isomerization upon the exposure to the UV light. This photo-isomerization of Br-AB molecules was observed to occur at random sites of ordered structure, evidenced by the appearance of bright protrusions with the height increment. Our results may open up new routes to engineer nanoscale photo-switch molecular devices.

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18

Bae, Je Hyun, Alexander B. Nepomnyashchii, Xiang Wang, Denis V. Potapenko, and Michael V. Mirkin. "Photo-Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy on the Nanoscale with Through-Tip Illumination." Analytical Chemistry 91, no. 20 (September 27, 2019): 12601–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03347.

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19

Herms, M., M. Wagner, and I. De Wolf. "Copper Through Silicon Vias Studied by Photo-elastic Scanning Infrared Microscopy." Microelectronics Reliability 64 (September 2016): 330–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2016.07.035.

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20

Nelson, E. W., J. L. Jacobs, A. B. Scranton, K. S. Anseth, and C. N. Bowman. "Photo-differential scanning calorimetry studies of cationic polymerizations of divinyl ethers." Polymer 36, no. 24 (January 1995): 4651–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(95)96832-s.

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21

Czaniková, Klaudia, Markéta Ilčíková, Igor Krupa, Matej Mičušík, Peter Kasák, Ewa Pavlova, Jaroslav Mosnáček, Dušan Chorvát Jr, and Mária Omastová. "Elastomeric photo-actuators and their investigation by confocal laser scanning microscopy." Smart Materials and Structures 22, no. 10 (September 19, 2013): 104001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/22/10/104001.

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22

LI, JING, MING-MING YAO, YING ZHANG, and HUAI YANG. "PHOTO-CATALYTIC PROPERTIES OF TiO2–Fe2O3–La2O3 NANO-COMPOSITE FILMS." Surface Review and Letters 16, no. 02 (April 2009): 315–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x09012652.

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Titanium dioxide doped Fe 3+ and La 3+ nano-composite films were prepared using the sol–gel method. The photo-catalytic properties were evaluated by photo-degradation of methyl orange in solution. Scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and energy dispersive spectrometer were used to characterize the TiO 2 film doped Fe 3+ and La 3+, indicating that the film has nano-structure, and mainly anatase crystal. It is proved that co-doped Fe 3+ and La 3+ can improve significantly the photo-catalytic properties of TiO 2 film due to the synergistic effect of the two ions.

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23

Phan Thi To, Nga, Lien Nguyen Hong, Tuyen Le Van, Nhan Phan Chi, and Huyen Pham Thanh. "Synthesis of porous LaFeO3 prepared by nanocasting method for photo-Fenton degradation of oily-containing wastewater." Vietnam Journal of Catalysis and Adsorption 11, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): xx. http://dx.doi.org/10.51316/jca.2022.002.

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Porous LaFeO3 were synthesised by nanocasting method using mesoporous silica (SBA-15) as a hard template and used as a visible-light-driven photocatalyst. The as-synthesised LaFeO3 photocatalyst were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption, and Ultraviolet–Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS). The photo-Fenton catalytic activities of porous LaFeO3 were investigated for the degradation of oily-containing wastewater. The results showed that porous LaFeO3 had better photo-Fenton catalytic activity under visilbe light irradiation than pure LaFeO3. The remarkable improvement photo-Fenton catalytic activity of porous LaFeO3 material could be attributed to the synergistic effect of adsorption and visible light photo-Fenton processes thanks to its porous structure.

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24

Mungondori, Henry H., Lilian Tichagwa, and David M. Katwire. "Removal of Pb2+ and Fe3+ from water using N-TiO2 blended copolymer grafted asymmetric membranes." Water Science and Technology 73, no. 8 (January 22, 2016): 1855–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.024.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the photo-catalytic properties of nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide nano-particles supported on polymer membranes in the photo-reduction of Fe3+ and Pb2+ from synthetic wastewater. The morphology of the prepared N-TiO2 nanoparticles was evaluated using transmission electron microscopy. Successful grafting of methacrylic acid side chains onto poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF) backbone was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The photo-catalytic asymmetric membranes were prepared through the dry–wet phase inversion technique. The asymmetric morphology was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. The highest Fe3+ photo-reduction efficiency (76.2%) was achieved in 6 hours using 1% N-TiO2-PMAA-g-PVDF/PAN (PMAA: poly(methacrylic acid); PAN: poly(acrylonitrile)) asymmetric membrane under solar irradiation. Increasing the photo-catalyst loading to 3% was found to negatively impact the photo-reduction of Fe3+. Very high photo-reduction efficiencies were observed in the photo-reduction of Pb2+ using 1% N-TiO2-PAN, 1% N-TiO2-PMAA-g-PVDF/PAN and 1% N-TiO2-PVDF membranes (90.5%, 88.9% and 86.9%, respectively) under similar conditions. Increasing the photo-catalyst loading to 3% N-TiO2 was observed to slightly increase the photo-reduction efficiency in the removal of Pb2+ unlike in the case of Fe3+. The best support material for the N-TiO2 photo-catalyst was PMAA-g-PVDF/PAN.

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25

Ding, Zhen Wu, Si Chen, Zhong Qing Liu, Cheng Fa Jiang, and Wei Chu. "Mesoporous Sulfur-Doped TiO₂ Microspheres for Catalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue under Visible Light." Advanced Materials Research 1118 (July 2015): 242–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1118.242.

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Mesoporous S-doped TiO2 microspheres were synthesized via hydrothermal method using Ti (SO4)2 precursor and urea as homogeneous precipitate agent. The TiO2-based catalyst samples were characterized by means of Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption/desorption and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-vis DRS). Photo-catalytic experiments were carried out by catalytic degradation of methylene blue aqueous solution under visible light. It was found that the S-doped TiO2 microspheres gave better photo-catalytic performances. The higher absorbance in the visible region explained this phenomenon. There was an appropriate Ti (SO4)2 amount for the catalyst with better photo-catalytic degradation.

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26

Bakhshi, Hadi, Guanxing Kuang, Franziska Wieland, and Wolfdietrich Meyer. "Photo-Curing Kinetics of 3D-Printing Photo-Inks Based on Urethane-Acrylates." Polymers 14, no. 15 (July 22, 2022): 2974. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14152974.

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In this study, photo-curing kinetics for urethane-acrylate-based photo-inks for 3D printing were evaluated using a photo-differential scanning calorimetry analysis. Initially, the photopolymerization kinetics of di- and monofunctional monomers were separately studied at different temperatures (5–85 °C). Later, the photo-curing kinetics and mechanical properties of photo-inks based on different monomer mixtures (40/60–20/80) were evaluated. The results showed that urethane-dimethacrylate (UrDMA) and urethane-acrylate (UrA) had no light absorption in the region of 280–700 nm, making them a proper crosslinker and a reactive diluent, respectively, for the formulation of 3D-printing photo-inks. The kinetics investigations showed a temperature dependency for the photo-curing of UrDMA, where a higher photopolymerization rate (Rp,max: from 5.25 × 10−2 to 8.42 × 10−2 1/s) and double-bound conversion (DBCtotal: from 63.8% to 92.2%) were observed at elevated temperatures (5–85 °C), while the photo-curing of UrA was independent of the temperature (25–85 °C). Enhancing the UrA content from 60% to 80% in the UrDMA/UrA mixtures initially increased and later decreased the photopolymerization rate and conversion, where the mixtures of 30/70 and 25/75 presented the highest values. Meanwhile, increasing the UrA content led to lower glass transition temperatures (Tg) and mechanical strength for the photo-cured samples, where the mixture of 30/70 presented the highest maximum elongation (εmax: 73%).

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27

Song, Jia Le, Peng Wei Hao, Chao Qiang Ye, Li Xin Chen, and Wei Guang Li. "Photo Polymerization of Thiol-Hyperbranched Polysilazanes." Advanced Materials Research 683 (April 2013): 266–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.683.266.

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The kinetics of UV curable thiol-hyperbranched polysilazanes (HBP) was studied by differential photo-scanning calorimeter (DPC) technology. The effects of photo initiator concentration [I], light intensity I0and temperature on the UV curing rate and the final unsaturated double bond conversion of thiol-HBP were investigated. The results indicate that the dependence of polymerization rate Rp on [I] and I0, respectively, was found to fit with theoretical predictions very well at [I] no more than 0.50wt% and I0lower than 19.40mW/cm2. The kinetic parameters were calculated by autocatalytic model, and correspondingly, the total apparent reaction exponent and apparent activation energy are 8.76 and 13.97kJ/mol, respectively.

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28

Tkacheva, A. A., and M. N. Favorskaya. "Modeling of 3D Forest Scenes by Laser Scanning and Air Photo Data." Informatsionno-upravliaiushchie sistemy (Information and Control Systems) 6, no. 79 (December 2015): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15217/issn1684-8853.2015.6.40.

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29

Carey, R., D. F. L. Jenkins, D. M. Newman, and B. W. J. Thomas. "Full objective aperture laser scanning for application in a photo-acoustic microscope." Measurement Science and Technology 4, no. 4 (April 1, 1993): 488–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/4/4/009.

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30

Chien, F. S.-S., C. Y. Lin, and C. C. Hsu. "Local photo-assisted poling of azo copolymer films by scanning probe microscopy." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 41, no. 23 (November 14, 2008): 235502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/41/23/235502.

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31

Hamar, G., and D. Varga. "High resolution surface scanning of Thick-GEM for single photo-electron detection." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 694 (December 2012): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2012.07.035.

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32

Zhang, Xian Hua, and Lei Ge. "Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalytic Performance of Novel Composite Ag/ BiVO₄ Photocatalysts." Advanced Materials Research 79-82 (August 2009): 2115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.79-82.2115.

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The novel visible-light-driven Ag/BiVO4 composite photocatalysts were successfully prepared by photo-deposition method. The as-prepared Ag/BiVO4 samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS). The photocatalytic activities of the Ag/BiVO4 powders were determined by degradation of methyl orange molecules in water under visible light irradiation (λ>400nm). The photocatalytic experiments indicated that the composite samples enhanced photo-activity under visible light irradiation.

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33

Dou, Wen Wen, Guo Wei Huang, Yu Chao Niu, Xiao Li Wang, and Xiang Ju Liu. "The Mechanisms on the Transmittance and Photo-Catalytic Activity of TiO₂ Film Doped with SiO₂/PEG." Applied Mechanics and Materials 423-426 (September 2013): 435–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.435.

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TiO2sol was doped with SiO2and modified by adding PEG. Using the sol the self-cleaning antireflective films were prepared with dip-pulling method. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) test results showed that the TiO2-SiO2film surface distributed a large number of pores and grooves. The visible spectrophotometer testing found that the transmittance showed a decreasing trend with the increase of TBTT: TEOS ratio. Meanwhile, the photo-catalytic efficiency showed an increase firstly and then decreased with the TBTT: TEOS ratio increasing. When the ratio of TBTT: TEOS was 1:5, the films transmittance and the photo-catalytic efficiency can reach up to 97.1% and 13.5% respectively. The mechanisms on the transmittance and photo-catalytic activity of PEG-modified TiO2-SiO2films were studied. It was found that PEG-modified TiO2-SiO2films have higher porosity, transmittance and hydrophilicity than pure TiO2film. Furthermore, photo-catalytic activity of the TiO2-SiO2film was enhanced.

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Zhang, Jian, Wei Yuan, Tian Xia, Chenghong Ao, Jiangqi Zhao, Bingxue Huang, Qunhao Wang, Wei Zhang, and Canhui Lu. "A TiO2 Coated Carbon Aerogel Derived from Bamboo Pulp Fibers for Enhanced Visible Light Photo-Catalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue." Nanomaterials 11, no. 1 (January 18, 2021): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11010239.

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Carbon aerogels (CA) derived from bamboo cellulose fibers were coupled with TiO2 to form CA/TiO2 hybrids, which exhibited extraordinary performance on the photo-catalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB). The structure and morphology of CA/TiO2 were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectrum. The CA displayed a highly porous and interconnected three-dimensional framework structure, while introducing the catalytic active sites of TiO2 onto the aerogel scaffold could remarkably enhance its photo-catalytic activity. The adsorption and photo-catalytic degradation of MB by the CA/TiO2 hybrid were investigated. The maximum adsorption capacity of CA/TiO2 for MB was 18.5 mg/g, which outperformed many similar materials reported in the literature. In addition, compared with other photo-catalysts, the present CA/TiO2 demonstrated superior photo-catalytic performance. Almost 85% of MB in 50 mL solution with a MB concentration of 10 mg/L could be effectively degraded by 15 mg CA/TiO2 in 300 min.

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Zhang, Ying Chen, Hong Yan Wu, Min Cong Zhu, Song Jian Zhao, and Deng Xin Li. "Fabrication of Needle Nano-ZnO in the Pores of Expanded Graphite." Advanced Materials Research 266 (June 2011): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.266.51.

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A composite photocatalyst of needle nano-ZnO grafted in the pores of expanded graphite (EG) was prepared by a process of hydrolysis method directly, in which the expanded graphite was prepared by microwave irradiation. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier transformation infrared spectroscope (FT-IR) were used to characterize the structure and the chemical structure of the photo-catalyst. The results indicate that expanded graphite had a unique net-like pores structure and needle nano-ZnO was loaded on EG to form EG/ZnO composite photo-catalyst.

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Zaghloul, Mohamed, Silvia M. Pietralunga, Gabriele Irde, Vittorio Sala, Giulio Cerullo, Hao Chen, Giovanni Isella, Guglielmo Lanzani, Maurizio Zani, and Alberto Tagliaferri. "Dynamical imaging of local photovoltage at semiconductor surface by photo-assisted ultrafast scanning electron microscopy." EPJ Web of Conferences 255 (2021): 11001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202125511001.

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Photo-assisted Ultrafast Scanning Electron Microscopy (USEM) maps the dynamics of surface photovoltages and local electric fields in semiconducting samples. Photovoltages and their gradients close to surface affect the emission yield and the detection efficiency of secondary electrons (SE), leading to photoexcited SE 2D patterns. In this work, we present a method to characterize the evolution of the patterns up to ultrafast regime. These results reveal the role of surface states in affecting the external field dynamics at picoseconds. Moreover, we show that tiny changes in surface preparation express deeply different photoexcited voltage signals. We investigate the relation between the surface chemistry of Si and photo-induced SE contrast.

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Karimipour, Zohreh, Reza Jalilzadeh Yengejeh, Azadeh Haghighatzadeh, Mohammad Kazem Mohammadi, and Maryam Mohammadi Roozbahani. "Photocatalytic Degradation of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Using Fe2O2/CeO2/Ag Composite Nanoparticles under Ultraviolet." Journal of Advances in Environmental Health Research 9, no. 3 (July 1, 2020): 191–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/jaehr.9.3.1190.

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Background: The herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is used to control of agricultural pests (water and soil) and is among the most widely distributed pollutants in the environment. Methods: In this study, Fe2O3/CeO2/Ag composite nanoparticles were synthesized using a simple coprecipitation method. The as-synthesized samples were examined using X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray analysis. The photo catalytic activity of the as-synthesized samples was examined through photo degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) under ultraviolet irradiation. The effects of pH, irradiation time, initial 2,4-D concentration and catalyst dose on the photo catalytic performance of Fe2O3/CeO2/Ag composite nanoparticles were investigated through an optimization process. The photo catalytic reaction kinetic data were analyzed using Langmuir-Hinshelwood model, and the absorption equilibrium was examined by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Results: The results suggested the second order reaction kinetics as the best model for 2,4-D photo degradation. Moreover, Langmuir isotherm with a higher R2 was reported as the most suitable model. The photo catalytic activities revealed the highest photo degradation percentage for Fe2O3/CeO2/Ag composite nanoparticles with a degradation order as Fe2O3/CeO2/Ag (75.70%)>Fe2O3/CeO2 (36.28%) >CeO2 (26.92)>Fe2O3 (11.96). Conclusions: Based on the determination of nanomaterial efficiency, its components and photo catalytic properties, can be used to remove this contaminant and other toxic compounds.

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Hurren, C. J., R. T. Liu, Xin Liu, and X. G. Wang. "Photo-Catalysis of Red Wine Stains Using Titanium Dioxide Sol-Gel Coatings on Wool Fabrics." Advances in Science and Technology 60 (September 2008): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.60.111.

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This paper investigated the use of titanium dioxide sol-gel coatings to photo-catalyse red wine stains on wool fabrics. Coatings were produced by the hydrolysis and condensation of titanium butoxide (Ti(OC4H9)4) on the surface of wool fabrics after pad application. Coatings were partially converted to the anatase form of titanium dioxide by prolonged immersion in boiling water. The coating presence was confirmed using scanning electron microscopy, UVspectrophotometry and atomic force microscopy. Coated samples were measured for photo-catalytic activity by degrading red wine stains from the surface of the coated fabric. The level of photocatalysis was determined for each of the coating systems after 168 hours. Red wine stains were photo-catalysed and level of staining was reduced from the UV exposed surface of the coated wool fabric.

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Hamar, Gergő, Silvia Dalla Torre, Shuddha Shankar Dasgupta, Stefano Levorato, Fulvio Tessarotto, and Dezső Varga. "Investigation of the microstructure of Thick-GEMs with single photo-electrons." EPJ Web of Conferences 174 (2018): 03006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817403006.

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Novel Cherenkov detector upgrades favour GEM and ThickGEM based MPGD systems. These detectors have reduced ion backflow, fast signal formation, high gain, and could suppress the MIP signals as well. Their common drawbacks are the inefficiencies of photo-electron collection fromthe top of the ThickGEM and the local variation of multiplication due to the special geometry. The developed high resolution scanner using focused UV light gave the possibility to study single photo-electron response of MPGDs in the sub-millimeter scale. Revealing the microstructure of photo-efficiency and local gain provides a new tool to quantitatively compare different ThickGEM geometries and field-configurations, and thus optimize the detector parameters. The presentation will focus on the key elements of the scanning system; and on the microstructure evolution of different ThickGEM configurations.

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Phan, Thi To Nga, Hong Lien Nguyen, Van Tuyen Le, Chi Nhan Phan, and Thanh Huyen Pham. "Mesoporous LaFeO3: Synergistic Effect of Adsorption and Visible Light Photo-Fenton Processes for Phenol Removal from Refinery Wastewater." Journal of Chemistry 2021 (June 2, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5841066.

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Mesoporous LaFeO3 as a visible light-driven photocatalyst was prepared by a nanocasting method using mesoporous silica (SBA-15) as a hard template. The as-prepared LaFeO3 photocatalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N2 adsorption-desorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and optical absorption spectra. The characterization studies and experimental results showed that LaFeO3 with porous structure caused by the removal of SBA-15 hard template could enhance the specific surface area of the resulting photocatalyst, which improves the phenol adsorption ability of the photocatalyst and in turn enhances its photo-Fenton catalytic activity. The photo-Fenton catalytic activity of the photocatalyst was investigated by photo-Fenton degradation of aqueous phenol under visible light irradiation. The effects of catalyst dosage, H2O2 concentration, and solution pH on the photo-Fenton catalytic degradation of phenol using mesoporous LaFeO3 were studied and optimized. Under the optimal conditions of 20 mg L−1 phenol, 1.0 g L−1 catalyst, and 10 mM H2O2 at pH = 5, the photo-Fenton degradation of phenol (93.47%) was achieved in 180 min under visible light irradiation. Furthermore, our results proved the stability and reusability of mesoporous LaFeO3 and revealed its catalytic mechanism for the photo-Fenton degradation of phenol.

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Saleh, Abeer A., Adawiya J. Haider, and Alaa Nazar. "Preparation and Properties of Mattel Oxide Nanoparticles by Pulse Laser Ablation in Liquid as Photo-Catalysis." Key Engineering Materials 900 (September 20, 2021): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.900.197.

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Zinc, nickel and silver oxide were prepared by the method of pulsed ablation laser in liquid, with different preparation conditions, where the number of pulses was changed (25, 50 and 75) and the frequency was 1 Hz and the energy was 600 mJ and at room temperature. We have used UV-visible spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FSEM), the EDX system, then these materials were added to the local dye and the photo-catalytic activity was applied to them using a UV-500 lamp for different periods of time (0, 30, 60 and 120 mint) and they acted as photo-catalysts.

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Jamaluddin, Jamarosliza, and Myung Cheon Lee. "Curing Properties of UV-Cured Pressure Sensitive Adhesives." Advanced Materials Research 812 (September 2013): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.812.131.

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In this study the effect of trimethylopropane triacrylate (TMPTA) content as a crosslinking agent on curing properties of UV-cured pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs) was investigated. The curing properties were studied using gel fraction determination, photo-differential scanning calorimetry (photo-DSC) and Fourier transform infraredattenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR) spectroscopy. Gel fraction sharply increased after expose to UV irradiation and increased with increasing TMPTA content. Moreover, the addition of TMPTA as crosslinking agent induced an earlier onset of auto acceleration and relative concentration of the C=C was not zero because they were trapped in the PSAs network.

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Nozokido, Tatsuo, Jongsuck Bae, and Koji Mizuno. "Visualization of Photo-Excited Free Carriers by Scanning Near Field Millimeter-Wave Microscopy." IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems 119, no. 10 (1999): 1100–1104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss1987.119.10_1100.

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Bachmann, Joel, Stefan Schmölzer, Matthias A. Ruderer, Gabriele Fruhmann, and Olaf Hinrichsen. "Photo‐differential scanning calorimetry parameter study of photopolymers used in digital light synthesis." SPE Polymers 3, no. 1 (December 25, 2021): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pls2.10063.

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Kawai, Tomomitsu, Takafumi Inoue, Takeshi Fujimori, Kouji Takehara, Akihisa Takeuchi, Kentaro Uesugi, and Yoshio Suzuki. "Imaging of Photo-Damaged Hair with a Differential Phase Scanning X-Ray Microscopy." Journal of Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan 51, no. 3 (2017): 230–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5107/sccj.51.230.

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Liu, Bor-Shong, Hsien-Yu Tseng, and Tung-Chung Chia. "Reliability of External Ear Measurements Obtained by Direct, Photocopier Scanning and Photo Anthropometry." Industrial Engineering and Management Systems 9, no. 1 (March 1, 2010): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7232/iems.2010.9.1.020.

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Wu, Fan, Inmaculada Campos, De-Wen Zhang, and Steffi Krause. "Biological imaging using light-addressable potentiometric sensors and scanning photo-induced impedance microscopy." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 473, no. 2201 (May 2017): 20170130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2017.0130.

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Light-addressable potentiometric sensors (LAPS) and scanning photo-induced impedance microscopy (SPIM) use photocurrent measurements at electrolyte–insulator–semiconductor substrates for spatio-temporal imaging of electrical potentials and impedance. The techniques have been used for the interrogation of sensor arrays and the imaging of biological systems. Sensor applications range from the detection of different types of ions and the label-free detection of charged molecules such as DNA and proteins to enzyme-based biosensors. Imaging applications include the temporal imaging of extracellular potentials and dynamic concentration changes in microfluidic channels and the lateral imaging of cell surface charges and cell metabolism. This paper will investigate the current state of the art of the measurement technology with a focus on spatial and temporal resolution and review the biological applications, these techniques have been used for. An outlook on future developments in the field will be given.

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Zhang, Xue-mei, Shan-dong Xu, Min Li, Yong-tao Shen, Zhong-qing Wei, Shuai Wang, Qing-dao Zeng, and Chen Wang. "Photo-Induced Polymerization and Isomerization on the Surface Observed by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 116, no. 16 (April 13, 2012): 8950–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp2115884.

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Losavio, Bradley E., Vijay Iyer, Saumil Patel, and Peter Saggau. "Acousto-optic laser scanning for multi-site photo-stimulation of single neuronsin vitro." Journal of Neural Engineering 7, no. 4 (July 19, 2010): 045002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-2560/7/4/045002.

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Koo, Ja-bong. "The Study on Recording Method for Buried Cultural Property Using Photo Scanning Technique." Journal of Digital Contents Society 16, no. 5 (October 31, 2015): 835–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.9728/dcs.2015.16.5.835.

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