Relevant bibliographies by topics / Photic entrainment

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Photic entrainment'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Photic entrainment"

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Zordan, Mauro, Nicolo' Osterwalder, Ezio Rosato, and Rodolfo Costa. "Extra Ocular Photic Entrainment inDrosophila Melanogaster." Journal of Neurogenetics 15, no. 2 (January 2001): 97–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01677060109066197.

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Rea, Michael A. "Photic Entrainment of Orcadian Rhythms in rodents." Chronobiology International 15, no. 5 (January 1998): 395–423. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/07420529808998699.

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Pieters, Roger, and Gregory A. Lawrence. "Plunging inflows and the summer photic zone in reservoirs." Water Quality Research Journal 47, no. 3-4 (August 1, 2012): 268–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrjc.2012.143.

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Kinbasket and Revelstoke Reservoirs are part of the Columbia River system in eastern British Columbia, Canada. Hydroelectricity from these large reservoirs represents about 30% of the province's generation capacity. Of interest to water use planning is the effect of reservoir operation on pelagic productivity. We address one small part of this question, namely, the supply of nutrients carried by inflows that plunge below the photic zone during the summer. Using an idealized water balance for the photic zone, three cases are considered: (1) a shallow outlet, (2) a deep outlet, and (3) no outflow. For a shallow outlet, all inflow that plunges below the photic zone is upwelled into the photic zone on its way to the outlet. For a deep outlet, inflow that plunges below the photic zone will short circuit or pass directly to the outlet unless entrainment generates upwelling of the inflow into the photic zone. For a reservoir with no outflow, such as a reservoir that is filling, inflow that plunges below the photic zone remains at depth unless either entrainment or a bathymetric effect generates flow into the photic zone; nutrients are then released when the reservoir is drawn down, often in winter.
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GIANNETTO, Claudia, Stefania CASELLA, Giovanni CAOLA, and Giuseppe PICCIONE. "Photic and non-photic entrainment on daily rhythm of locomotor activity in goats." Animal Science Journal 81, no. 1 (February 2010): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-0929.2009.00707.x.

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Glass, J. David, Suzette D. Tardif, Robert Clements, and N. Mrosovsky. "Photic and nonphotic circadian phase resetting in a diurnal primate, the common marmoset." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 280, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): R191—R197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.2001.280.1.r191.

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Despite the considerable literature on circadian entrainment, there is little information on this subject in diurnal mammals. Contributing to this lack of understanding is the problem of separating photic from nonphotic (behavioral) phase-resetting events in diurnal species. In the present study, photic phase resetting was obtained in diurnal common marmosets held under constant dim light (DimDim; <0.5 lx) by using a 20-s pulse of bright light to minimize time available for behavioral arousal. This stimulus elicited phase advances at circadian time (CT) 18–22 and phase delays at CT9–12. Daily presentation of these 20-s pulses produced entrainment with a phase angle of ∼11 h (0 h = activity onset). Nonphotic phase resetting was obtained under DimDim with the use of a 1-h-induced activity pulse, consisting of intermittent cage agitation and water sprinkling, delivered in total darkness to minimize photic effects. This stimulus caused phase delays at CT20–24, and entrainment to a scheduled daily regimen of these pulses occurred with a phase angle of ∼0 h. These results indicate that photic and nonphotic phase-response curves (PRCs) of marmosets are similar to those of nocturnal rodents and that nonphotic PRCs are keyed to the phase of the suprachiasmatic nucleus pacemaker, not to the phase of the activity-rest cycle.
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Dallmann, Robert, Jason P. DeBruyne, and David R. Weaver. "Photic Resetting and Entrainment in CLOCK-Deficient Mice." Journal of Biological Rhythms 26, no. 5 (September 15, 2011): 390–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748730411414345.

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Ruby, Christina L., Natalie M. Verbanes, Kaitlyn N. Palmer, Catherine F. Zisk, David J. Bunion, and Laura N. Marinos. "Caffeine Delays Light-entrained Activity and Potentiates Circadian Photic Phase-resetting in Mice." Journal of Biological Rhythms 33, no. 5 (July 23, 2018): 523–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748730418789236.

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Caffeine is widely used to reduce sedation and increase alertness. However, long-term caffeine use may disrupt circadian (daily, 24-h) rhythms and thereby negatively affect health. Here, we examined the effect of caffeine on photic regulation of circadian activity rhythms in mice. We found that entrainment to a standard 12-h light, 12-h dark (LD) photocycle was delayed during oral self-administration of caffeine. Both acute, high-dose caffeine and chronic, oral caffeine exposure potentiated photic phase-delays in mice, suggesting a possible mechanism by which entrainment to LD was delayed. The effect of caffeine on photic phase-resetting was mimicked by administration of adenosine A1, but not A2A, receptor antagonist in mice. Our results support the hypothesis that caffeine interferes with the ability of the circadian clock to respond normally to light.
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Rea, Michael A., and Gary G. E. Pickard. "Serotonergic Modulation of Photic Entrainment in the Syrian Hamster." Biological Rhythm Research 31, no. 3 (July 2000): 284–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1076/0929-1016(200007)31:3;1-k;ft284.

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Boulos, Ziad, M. Mila Macchi, and Michael Terman. "Twilights Widen the Range of Photic Entrainment in Hamsters." Journal of Biological Rhythms 17, no. 4 (August 2002): 353–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074873002129002654.

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Illnerová, Helena, and Alena Sumová. "Photic Entrainment of the Mammalian Rhythm in Melatonin Production." Journal of Biological Rhythms 12, no. 6 (December 1997): 547–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074873049701200609.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Photic entrainment"

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Kallingal, George J. "The Role of Gastrin-releasing Peptide in Photic Entrainment." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1208972062.

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Martinez, Chavez Carlos Cristian. "Photic Entrainment and onset of puberty in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus niloticus." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/354.

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Despite teleosts being the largest and most diverse group of vertebrates, fish models currently used to study photoperiodic effects on fish physiology have been limited to a few species, most of which are temperate seasonal breeders. The overall aim of this work was to expand our knowledge on circadian biology and environmental physiological effects in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus niloticus), a continuous breeding species of tropical-subtropical origin. The circadian light axis of Nile tilapia is described with regards to melatonin production. Circadian melatonin profiles of fish under 12L:12D photoperiods were observed to be low at day and high at night, suggesting melatonin to be an entraining signal as observed in all other vertebrates. When constant light (LL) was used, such day and night fluctuations where abolished. However when fish where exposed to constant darkness (DD) a strong robust endogenous melatonin rhythm was found, suggesting the presence of circadian oscillators in this species. Importantly, this endogenous rhythm was observed to be maintained for at least three weeks under darkness and proved to be circadian in nature. Moreover, although the melatonin system was able to produce day and night melatonin rhythms when exposed to a different (6L:6D) photocycle, the oscillator appeared to not be entrainable to such a short photo cycle when exposed to DD, as melatonin levels remained high. When comparing the circadian organization of different teleost species including Nile tilapia, preliminary studies showed at least three divergent circadian light organizations in teleosts. Nile tilapia was characterised by a pineal gland far less sensitive than in other fish species as demonstrated through in vitro studies. Furthermore, pineal melatonin production was clearly dependent on the light perceived by the eyes as ophthalmectomy resulted in basal plasma melatonin levels during the dark period. These findings are the first to be reported in a teleost and could be comparable to the circadian light organization of higher vertebrates such as mammals. The onset of puberty of Nile tilapia was studied with regards to the newly discovered Kiss1/GPR54 system. Such a system has recently been discovered in mammals and found to be the primary switch of the brain-pituitary-gonadal (BPG) axis. The results of this study not only suggest a link between the Kiss1/GPR54 system and the onset of III puberty in this tropical batch spawning teleost, that would be a highly conserved feature across vertebrates, but also that the transcriptional mechanisms regulating GPR54 expression could be directly or indirectly influenced by light. Finally, a study was conducted on the effects of different intensities of continuous light (LL) on the growth and sexual development of Nile tilapia up to first maturation. The results showed a significant growth response of fish in all LL treatments compared to control fish. Importantly, this confirmed that LL enhances growth in this species and suggests that it is the light regime more than the intensity which is having an effect. This work thus provides important basic knowledge of the light entrainment pathway and circadian melatonin rhythms in Nile tilapia. Of special importance is the discovery of a strong endogenous melatonin oscillator and a novel circadian organization in fish which would seem to be homologous to that observed in higher vertebrates. Moreover, this work provides evidence that the newly discovered Kiss1/GPR54 system has a similar role in fish as has been found in mammals and that such a system could be directly or indirectly regulated by light. If so, Nile tilapia and other fish species could become important models in the chronobiology and reproduction fields. Finally, this work not only increases our basic and applied knowledge of this species, but also broadens our understanding of the circadian light axis in teleosts and its mediatory effects on reproduction.
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Beaulé, Christian. "Photic entrainment and instruction of immediate-early genes within the rat circadian system." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ39438.pdf.

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Ragsdale, Raven, Marilyn Permenter, Karl Joplin, and Darrell Moore. "Temperature entrainment of two different circadian rhythms in the flesh fly Sarcophaga crassipalpis." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2018/schedule/195.

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It is well known that 24-hour day-night (light-dark) cycles can entrain the circadian rhythms of most species possessing circadian clocks. However, much less is understood about how other environmental cycles operate as entraining signals (zeitgebers) to synchronize (entrain) the internal clock with the outside world. Potential non-photic zeitgebers include daily cycles of temperature, food availability, and social signals. This project’s goal is to evaluate the efficacy of temperature cycles of varying amplitudes, ranging from 1°C to 10°C, as potential zeitgebers for two different circadian rhythms, eclosion and locomotor activity, in the flesh fly (Sarcophaga crassipalpis). Both rhythms were monitored in individual flies, using infrared motion detectors, under precisely controlled 24-hour temperature cycles (12 hours of high temperature [thermophase] alternating with 12 hours of low temperature [cryophase]) in constant darkness. Our results show clear entrainment of eclosion, a once-in-a-lifetime event, and locomotor activity, reflecting daily sleep-wake rhythms, in response to temperature cycles at amplitudes of 2.5, 5, and 10o C. At 1o C amplitudes, the evidence indicates a partial effect of temperature on the phasing of the two behaviors but not true entrainment (phase regulation), suggesting that 1o C amplitudes may be near the threshold for detection by the entrainment pathways communicating with the circadian clock. Interestingly, although both light and temperature cycles entrain the locomotor activity rhythm, the entrainment profiles are remarkably different, thereby suggesting that light and temperature cycles activate different behavioral programs. Finally, flies placed under different constant temperatures have endogenous circadian periods of locomotor activity that are remarkably similar, indicating a high level of temperature compensation. Our results provide conclusive evidence that temperature is a strong circadian zeitgeber in flesh flies, thereby expanding the known repertoire of environmental cues these organisms use to sync their internal clock with the world around them. These findings also set the stage for future experiments designed to explore the interactions between light and temperature entrainment mechanisms – these zeitgeber interactions almost certainly occur in nature but have received little or no attention.
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Butcher, Gregory Quinn. "The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway a signaling conduit for photic entrainment of the central mammalian circadian clock /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1147206998.

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Garmany, Mattea, Darrell Moore, and Thomas C. Jones. "Effects of Non-photic Zeitgebers on the Circadian Clock in the Common House Spider, Parasteatoda tepidariorum (Araneae: Theridiidae)." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/590.

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Circadian rhythms are endogenous cycles that control physiological and behavioral changes that can be affected by environmental factors which allow most eukaryotic organisms to synchronize their daily activities with the 24-hour day. Parasteatoda tepidariorum,the common house spider, demonstrates a short-period circadian clock averaging 21.6 hours when left in constant darkness, yet they are able to entrain to a 24-hour light cycle. We tested whether these spiders were able to use non-photic Zeitgebers to entrain to the 24-hour day. Periodic presentation of food and disturbance were not found to be effective cues for the spiders’ entrainment. A few individuals were clearly able to entrain to an 8 oC amplitude temperature cycle, while most did not.
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Miller, Madeleine K., Thomas C. Jones, and Darrell Moore. "Lights, Clock, Action! Circadian Rhythms of Locomotor Activity in Larinioides cornutus Indicate Extreme Flexibility in Photo-entrainment." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/173.

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Circadian clocks are responsible for scheduling many behavioral and physiological processes to occur at the most appropriate time of day. The resulting daily rhythms also synchronize (entrain) to external environmental cues, known as zeitgebers. This phenomenon of entrainment enables organisms to anticipate daily changes in environmental conditions such as sunrise/sunset, temperature variations, availability of prey, etc. Given the critical nature of entrainment to survival, it is no surprise that the mechanism is conserved across taxa. The misalignment of the intrinsic clock with the external environment results in a plethora of negative consequences, made apparent by studies involving shift work and jet lag. The focus of the present study is to investigate the chronobiology of Larinioides cornutus (Araneidae), a nocturnal orb-weaving spider, with an emphasis on its entrainment to light:dark cycles. Because spiders have received scarce attention with respect to their chronobiology, it is instructive to compare the properties of spider circadian systems with those of the more established circadian model systems, such as Drosophilaand Murines. We found that both lights-off and lights-on are equally influential zeitgeber cues for (determines the phasing of) both activity onset and offset. Locomotor activity typically begins within a half hour after nightfall, continues throughout the night, and ceases just prior to dawn. Phase shifting experiments show that these spiders can re-entrain within 2 days to a light/dark cycle shifted by 6 hours, and within 3 days when shifted by 12 hours. These rates of re-entrainment occur at an extremely accelerated rate compared to mammals, which readjust to a time shift at a rate of around 1 day/ 1 hour of phase shift. In other words, spiders have a minimal jet-lag response. This suggests an increased level of plasticity in the spider circadian clock that has yet to be observed in other organisms. Typical of circadian rhythms in nearly all organisms, activity also persisted (free-runs) under constant conditions. However, in constant darkness (DD), a drastic change in periodicity was revealed in 66% of individuals, from 23.4 to 25.2. This particular phenomenon is rare and likely indicates the possible interaction of multiple oscillators. Further evidence to support this interpretation is the consistent periods of the rhythm displayed before and after the change. In contrast, under constant light (LL) conditions, 65% of spiders were arrhythmic, with 4 individuals ceasing activity completely. Significant periods detected in LL were normally distributed over an unusually broad range, from 16.7 to 34.9 hours, suggesting a high sensitivity to light. Because of the unusual rates of re-entrainment to light/dark cycles, the spontaneous changes in free-running period under DD, and arrhythmicity in LL, we propose that spiders are valuable comparative model organism for elucidating fundamental mechanisms of circadian clocks.
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Ismail, Rania F. K. "Involvement of kisspeptin and melatonin in the seasonal entrainment of reproduction in European sea bass (Dientrarchus labrax)." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/3369.

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Aquaculture is an essential developing sector for world food production however one of the major bottlenecks for the sustainability of the aquaculture industry is the ability to control fish reproduction in captivity and to produce high quality seeds. European sea bass is a one of most commercially important species for the European fish farming industry. If broodstock management under captivity is well established, problems remain in hatcheries where survival can be low and deformity prevalence high as well as in on growing sites where fish reach puberty early especially with skewed sex ratio towards males. Sea bass displays strong seasonality in its physiology and is therefore an excellent candidate for the study of the photo-neuroendocrine control of reproduction and growth. The overall aims of this thesis were to better understand the molecular and endocrine drivers that control the Brain-Pituitary-Gonad axis in repeat spawner sea bass, and expand our knowledge of sea bass light and temperature regulation of melatonin production. First, this PhD project investigated the seasonal expression of kisspeptin, GnRH and gonadotropin genes in relation to the gonadal development throughout a reproductive cycle in male repeat spawning sea bass (Chapter 3). A partial sequence for the receptor kissr4 was isolated and described showing similarity to all other teleost species sequences available to date. QPCR molecular assays were validated to mesure the expression of a suite of genes along the BPG axis including kisspeptin related genes (Kiss1 and Kiss2 and its receptor kissr4) over a full reproductive cycle (12 months) in adult male European sea bass. Brain Kisspeptin mRNA expression levels (kiss1, 2 and kissr4) showed clear seasonal profiles and correlated well to other BPG markers (GnRHs, fshβ and lhβ), supporting a possible involvement of kisspeptin genes in the seasonal control of reproduction in repeat spawning sea bass. Moreover, clear seasonal patterns were observed for expression of the genes encoding for pituitary mRNA expression of lhβ and fshβ, with a significant correlation between expression of both subunits and GSI and steroids levels. However, no clear seasonal profiles in brain GnRHs gene expression were observed with the exception to some peaks in GnRH1 and GnRH2. The second part of this PhD project investigated the potential direct effect of the two kisspeptin core peptides (kiss1 and kiss2) on the pituitary gonadotropin gene expression (Chapter 4). The aim of this work was to better understand the mechanism by which kisspeptin acts on the BPG axis. This was done by testing the kisspeptin decapeptide core sequences on the lhβ and fshβ transcript expression in primary culture of sea bass pituitary cells using QPCR technique. The findings, as a whole, provided evidence that kisspeptin can act directly on the pituitary gonadotroph cells and modulate fshß and lhß mRNA expression in sea bass although effects were limited and not uniform. Of note, kissr4 gene expression was also detected in the sea bass pituitary. The third part of this PhD project focused on the effects of environmental signals (photoperiod and temperature) on melatonin production (Chapter 5). Environmental manipulation is routinely used in the aquaculture industry with the purpose of enhancing growth and manipulating the timing of reproduction in seasonal fish species like sea bass. Melatonin, known as the light perception and time keeping hormone, has been suggested to play key roles in the synchronisation of most physiological functions in vertebrates, although the mechanisms by which melatonin controls reproduction, growth and behaviour are still not fully understood in fish. The studies performed aimed .to determine the synergistic effects of both temperature and photoperiod on the daily phase and amplitudinal changes in melatonin production through both in vivo and in vitro trials. The results confirmed the diel melatonin rhythm in sea bass as previously reported in many teleost species with “high at night” and “low at day” melatonin profiles. Temperature showed clear effects on the amplitude of the melatonin production under both in vivo and in vitro conditions for both long day and short day photoperiods. Furthermore, no endogenous melatonin production was found under constant darkness in both in vivo and in vitro conditions. These results suggested a lack of intrapineal (or located elsewhere such as retina and/or deep brain) oscillators in sea bass, contrasting with previous reports. These results further enhance our knowledge of light perception and circadian rhythmicity in sea bass, while the circadian system remains to be characterised in sea bass and teleosts as a whole. Overall, this doctoral work broadened our understanding on the photoneuroendocrine control of reproduction in a seasonal fish species, sea bass. New knowledge gained and tools developed from this work should help to develop/optimise husbandry techniques for the sea bass farming industry with the view to increase production and profitability and thus promoting the sustainable expansion of the sea bass aquaculture in Europe. It has also the potential to help the fishery sector in the modelling of wild sea bass populations.
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Beaulé, Christian. "Photic entrainment and induction of immediate-early genes within the rat circadian system." Thesis, 1998. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/558/1/MQ39438.pdf.

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Immediate-early genes (IEG) are transiently expressed within the rodent circadian system in response to nocturnal light. Immediate-early genes are part of the mechanism by which light induces phase shifts of circadian rhythmicity. The two most studied light-induced IEG within the rodent circadian system are Fos and Jun-B. Molecular expression of these two genes within the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) correlates both in magnitude and in the temporal contingency with light-induced behavioral phase shifts. The determination of the role of Fos and Jun-B in circadian clock resetting was previously attempted using light stimuli that induces strong phase shifts. However, the relationship between light-induced IEG in an entrainment context is undocumented in rats. The present study examined the relation between photic induction of Fos and Jun-B in an entrainment context. Male rats, for which the free running period was determined, were entrained for 14 days on a 0.5h:23.5h LD cycle with light onset at dawn. On the fifteenth day, the entraining light pulse was reduced to 10 minutes and brains were processed for IEG immunocytochemistry. Strong Fos induction was observed in the three brain regions investigated: the SCN, intergeniculate leaflet (IGL) and anterior paraventricular thalamus (PVT). Strong Jun-B immunoreactivity was observed only in the SCN. Jun-B labeling was weak in the IGL, and absent in the PVT. Significant correlations were obtained between light-induced IEG in the SCN and the magnitude of the daily phase shift required for entrainment. Further, Fos and Jun-B immunoreactivities correlated in the SCN and in the IGL. These data suggest that the magnitude of Fos and Jun-B induction within the SCN is related to the magnitude of the daily phase shift required for entrainment.
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Beaulé, Christian. "Analysis of behavioral, cellular, and anatomical events associated with photic entrainment of circadian rhythms in rats." Thesis, 2003. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/2002/1/NQ77901.pdf.

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Two general research questions were investigated in the present thesis. First, are there cellular changes in protein expression that are uniquely associated with photic entrainment? Second, which subset of retinal afferents is necessary for the transmission of photic information to the SCN? The experiments aimed at answering the first question revealed a unique pattern of Fos protein immunoreactivity in the SCN shell in response to entraining light. Specifically, light suppressed Fos protein expression in the shell region whilst inducing it in the core of rats receiving light at dawn or dusk. This complex pattern of Fos expression was also present in animals treated neonatally with monosodium glutamate (MSG), an animal model of retinal degeneration that spares photic entrainment. Further, the expression of the protein product of the clock gene Per2 was found to be rhythmic within the SCN core and shell and unaffected by entraining light. Finally, behavioral arrhythmicity produced by constant bright light exposure was found to be associated with a complete disruption of the cellular rhythm of Per2 and Fos expression in the SCN. The experiments attempting to provide answers to the second question revealed that the retinal projection to the SCN is heterogeneous and that none of the retinal fiber phenotypes examined (fibers bearing the p75 neurotrophin receptor or melanopsin) is necessary to mediate photic entrainment. In conclusion, photic entrainment is a unique event characterized by cellular changes in protein expression that differ from those induced by discrete light-induced phase shifts. Further, retinal ganglion cells of all the different phenotypes appear to contribute to the transmission of the photic input to the circadian clock in a generally redundant manner.
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Book chapters on the topic "Photic entrainment"

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Meijer, J. H. "Photic Entrainment in Mammals." In Handbook of Behavioral Neurobiology, 183–222. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1201-1_8.

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Wams, Emma J., Sjaak J. Riede, Ivor van der Laan, Tim ten Bulte, and Roelof A. Hut. "Mechanisms of Non-photic Entrainment." In Biological Timekeeping: Clocks, Rhythms and Behaviour, 395–404. New Delhi: Springer India, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3688-7_18.

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Hastings, M. H., F. J. P. Ebling, J. Grosse, J. Herbert, E. S. Maywood, J. D. Mikkelsen, and A. Sumova. "Immediate-Early Genes and the Neural Bases of Photic and Non-Photic Entrainment." In Novartis Foundation Symposia, 175–97. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470514597.ch10.

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Zimina, Svetlana, and Vera Evdokimova. "Acoustic Characteristics of Speech Entrainment in Dialogues in Similar Phonetic Sequences." In Speech and Computer, 818–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87802-3_73.

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Schlichting, Matthias, and Charlotte Helfrich-Förster. "Photic Entrainment in Drosophila Assessed by Locomotor Activity Recordings." In Methods in Enzymology, 105–23. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.mie.2014.10.017.

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Conference papers on the topic "Photic entrainment"

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Menshikova, Alla, Daniil Kocharov, and Tatiana Kachkovskaia. "Phonetic Entrainment in Cooperative Dialogues: A Case of Russian." In Interspeech 2020. ISCA: ISCA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2020-2696.

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Nago, Kohei, Yasuo Koizumi, Akihiro Uchibori, and Hiroyuki Ohshima. "Visualization of Entrainment and Surface Behavior of High Speed Air Jet Blowing Out From a Hole to Stagnant Water." In 2012 20th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering and the ASME 2012 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone20-power2012-55068.

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A two dimensional air jet was blown out from a nozzle into water in a thin vessel. The behavior of the interface between water and the air jet and also the air jet were recorded with a high speed video camera. Filament-like ears and wisps pulled-out from the wavy water surface were noticed in the recorded photos. Droplets are formed from these. Droplet diameters were obtained from the recorded photos. As the air velocity increased, the number of droplets created by the air jet increased lineally and the smaller droplets increased. The correlation for the droplet diameter distribution developed for the annular dispersed two-phase flow in a pipe predicted well the present results. The correlations for the droplet diameter developed for the annular dispersed two-phase flow in a pipe and for the jet blowing out from the stagnant water pool considerably underpredict the experimental results.
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Konno, H., H. Chatani, A. Sakata, and S. Tobimatsu. "Nonlinear Theory of Entrainment in EEG Under Photo-Stimulation by Periodic Rectangular Pulse." In NOISE AND FLUCTUATIONS: 19th International Conference on Noise and Fluctuations; ICNF 2007. AIP, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2759739.

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Qu, Weilin, Seok-Mann Yoon, and Issam Mudawar. "Two-Phase Flow and Heat Transfer in Rectangular Micro-Channels." In ASME 2003 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2003-47050.

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Knowledge of flow pattern and flow pattern transitions is essential to the development of reliable predictive tools for pressure drop and heat transfer in two-phase micro-channel heat sinks. In the present study, experiments were conducted with adiabatic nitrogen-water two-phase flow in a rectangular micro-channel having a 0.406 × 2.032 mm cross-section. Superficial velocities of nitrogen and water ranged from 0.08 to 81.92 m/s and 0.04 to 10.24 m/s, respectively. Flow patterns were first identified using high-speed video imaging, and still photos were then taken for representative patterns. Results reveal that the dominant flow patterns are slug and annular, with bubbly flow occurring only occasionally; stratified and churn flow were never observed. A flow pattern map was constructed and compared with previous maps and predictions of flow pattern transition models. Annual flow is identified as the dominant flow pattern for conditions relevant to two-phase micro-channel heat sinks, and forms the basis for development of a theoretical model for both pressure drop and heat transfer in micro-channels. Features unique to two-phase micro-channel flow, such as laminar liquid and gas flows, smooth liquid-gas interface, and strong entrainment and deposition effects are incorporated into the model. The model shows good agreement with experimental data for water-cooled heat sinks.
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5

Rau, Matthew J., Tianqi Guo, Pavlos P. Vlachos, and Suresh V. Garimella. "Visualization of Confined Jet Impingement With Boiling Using Time-Resolved Stereo-PIV." In ASME 2015 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems collocated with the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2015-48184.

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Abstract:
Two-phase liquid-vapor flow field measurements of confined jet impingement with boiling are performed using time-resolved stereo particle image velocimetry (stereo-PIV). A single circular jet of water, impinges normally from a 3.75 mm-diameter orifice onto a submerged circular heat source at an orifice-to-target spacing of 4 jet diameters. The impinging jet outflow including the vapor generated at the heat source are confined between the jet orifice plate and the bottom test section wall. Fluorescent seeding particles (10 μm in diameter) and time-resolved PIV measurements (taken at a sampling rate of 750 Hz) allow for imaging of the instantaneous interactions between the liquid and vapor structures. Liquid-phase velocity vectors within the two-phase flow field (with high vapor fractions) are presented as a function of heat flux at jet Reynolds numbers of 5,000 and 15,000 and contrasted with single-phase flow. The time-resolved measurements are used to highlight the influence of the vapor phase on the liquid flow field. It is found that bubble formation effectively blocks the developing wall-jet flow on the heated surface. The resulting liquid flow field in the confinement gap is dominated by vapor motion rather than by the entrainment from the developing wall jet.
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