Journal articles on the topic 'Phosphorus and plants'
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1
Tang, Zhi Ru, Yue Wen, and Qi Zhou. "Research on the Phosphorus Removal Mechanisms and Approaches in Various Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands." Advanced Materials Research 573-574 (October 2012): 599–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.573-574.599.
Abstract:
This research studied that performances and mechanisms of phosphorus removal in three types of HSFCW: reed/gravel bed system (W1), multiple plants/gravel bed system (W2) and reed/multiple substrates bed system (W3). Spatial distribution and fractionation analysis of phosphorous in different substrates showed that the accumulated phosphorous in gravel, zeolite and steel slag were mainly in forms of Ca/Mg-P, residual-P and Fe/Al-P respectively. Biomass and phosphorus contained in plants harvested in early autumn was obviously higher than that contained in plants of late autumn, so the optimal harvest time should be late October. Among three systems, the phosphorus removal by adsorption and sedimentation of substrates accounted for 67%-76% of the total phosphorous removal and was the major channel for phosphorous removal. Removal by harvesting plants ranked second, accounting for 15%-21%. Other removal mechanisms accounted for about 10%. The research reveals that W3>W2>W1 in phosphorus removal efficiency in HSFCWs.
2
Norman, D. J., J. Chen, J. M. F. Yuen, A. Mangravita-Novo, D. Byrne, and L. Walsh. "Control of Bacterial Wilt of Geranium with Phosphorous Acid." Plant Disease 90, no. 6 (June 2006): 798–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-90-0798.
Abstract:
Various bactericides were screened for efficacy in protecting geranium plants (Pelargonium hortorum) from Ralstonia solanacearum infection. Many of these bactericides were found to slow the disease progress; however, they were not able to protect the plants from infection and subsequent death. Potassium salts of phosphorous acid were found to be effective in protecting plants from infection when applied as a drench. The active portion of the potassium salts was found to be phosphorous acid (H3PO3). Phosphorous acid was found to inhibit in vitro growth of R. solanacearum. It is thought to be protecting plants from infection by acting as a bacteriostatic compound in the soil. The plants, however, are not protected from aboveground infection on wounded surfaces. Phosphorous acid drenches were shown to protect geranium plants from infection by either race 1 or 3 of R. solanacearum. Other phosphorous-containing products commonly used in the industry, such as phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4), were not able to protect plants from bacterial wilt infection.
3
Wieczorek, Dorota, Beata Żyszka-Haberecht, Anna Kafka, and Jacek Lipok. "Phosphonates as Unique Components of Plant Seeds—A Promising Approach to Use Phosphorus Profiles in Plant Chemotaxonomy." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 21 (October 25, 2021): 11501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111501.
Abstract:
Phosphorus is one of the most important elements essential for all living beings. Plants accumulate and store phosphorous in various forms that have diverse physiological and biochemical functions. In this study, we determine and then examine the phosphorus profiles of seeds of plants belonging to different taxa based on extractable inorganic phosphates and organic forms of phosphorus. We paid particular attention to the presence of natural phosphonates in the tested materials. The inorganic phosphates were determined colorimetrically, whereas phosphorus profiles were created by using 31P NMR spectroscopy. Our study on phosphorus profiles revealed that the obtainedsets of data vary significantly among the representatives of different taxa and were somehow specific for families of plants. It should be emphasised that the measurements obtained using 31P NMR spectroscopy undoubtedly confirmed—for the first time—the presence of phosphonates among the natural components of plant seeds. Hence, the classification of plants considering the phosphorus profiles, including the presence of phosphonates, may be a new additional chemotaxonomic feature.
4
Bhodiwal, Shweta, and Tansukh Barupal. "Phosphate solubilizing microbes: an incredible role for plant supplements." MOJ Ecology & Environmental Sciences 7, no. 5 (December 21, 2022): 170–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/mojes.2022.07.00263.
Abstract:
Plants procure phosphorus from soil as the phosphate anion. It is the most un-portable component in plant and soil in comparison to other macronutrients. It’s very well known that phosphorus is the second most significant supplement after the nitrogen required/needed in plant growth. It is a fundamental component in every single living system. Barely 1%-2% of phosphorous is provided to different parts of the plants. It precipitates in soil as orthophosphate or is adsorbed by Fe and Al oxides through legend exchange. Phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria play a substantial part in phosphorus nutrition by increasing phosphorus' accessibility to plants through discharge from inorganic and natural soil P pools by solubilization and mineralization. Lowering the pH of the soil through microbial generation of natural acids and mineralization of natural phosphorus by acid phosphates is the key element in the soil for mineral phosphate solubilization. Chemical composts are used as an additional source of phosphorous to satisfy the plant’s need. Additionally, co-inoculating P solubilizing microorganisms with other beneficial bacteria and mycorrhiza has shown to increase their efficiency. Microbial inoculants or biofertilizers can thus be used as an alternative source because they are both economical and environmentally favourable.
5
Föhse, Doris, N. Claassen, and A. Jungk. "Phosphorus efficiency of plants." Plant and Soil 110, no. 1 (August 1988): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02143545.
6
Föhse, Doris, N. Claassen, and A. Jungk. "Phosphorus efficiency of plants." Plant and Soil 132, no. 2 (April 1991): 261–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00010407.
7
Broschat, Timothy K. "Effects of Phosphorous and Phosphoric Acids on Growth and Phosphorus Concentrations in Container-grown Tropical Ornamental Plants." HortTechnology 16, no. 1 (January 2006): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.16.1.0105.
Abstract:
Chinese hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-chinensis), shooting star (Pseuderanthemum laxiflorum), downy jasmine (Jasminum multiflorum), areca palm (Dypsis lutescens), and `Jetty' spathiphyllum (Spathiphyllum) were grown in containers using Osmocote Plus 15-9-12 (15N-3.9P-10K), which provided phosphorus (two experiments), or resin-coated urea plus sulfur-coated potassium sulfate, which provided no phosphorus (one experiment). Plants were treated with water drenches (controls), drenches with metalaxyl fungicide only, drenches with phosphoric acid (PO4-P), drenches with metalaxyl plus phosphorus from phosphoric acid, drenches with PhytoFos 4-28-10 [4N-12.2P-8.3K, a fertilizer containing phosphorous acid (PO3-P), a known fungicidal compound], or a foliar spray with PhytoFos 4-28-10. Plants receiving soil drenches with equivalent amounts of P from PhytoFos 4-28-10, PO4-P, or PO4-P+metalaxyl generally had the greatest shoot and root dry weights and foliar PO4-P concentrations. There were no differences between the control and metalaxyl-treated plants, indicating that root rot diseases were not a factor. Therefore, responses from PhytoFos 4-28-10 were believed to be due to its nutrient content, rather than its fungicidal properties. Foliar-applied PhytoFos 4-29-10 produced plants that were generally similar in size to control plants or those receiving metalaxyl only drenches. Fertilizers containing PO3-P appear to be about as effective as PO4-P sources when applied to the soil, but are relatively ineffective as a P source when applied as a foliar spray. A distinct positive synergistic response for shoot and root dry weights and foliar PO4-P concentrations was observed for the PO4-P+metalaxyl treatment when no P was applied except as a treatment.
8
Smith, FW, WA Jackson, and PJV Berg. "Internal Phosphorus Flows During Development of Phosphorus Stress in Stylosanthes hamata." Functional Plant Biology 17, no. 4 (1990): 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9900451.
Abstract:
Partitioning and net transfer of phosphorus between shoots and roots in the tropical forage legume Stylosanthes hamata cv. Verano during the development of phosphorus deficiency has been studied. Plants were stressed by either growing them in dilute flowing culture on continuously maintained external phosphorus concentrations that were inadequate for maximal growth, or by transferring plants of varying phosphorus status to phosphorus-free media. An external phosphorus concentration of 1 �M P was found to be just adequate for maximal growth of S. hamata. Phosphorus stress caused rapid and substantial increases in root weight percentage. It is proposed that this represents an important adaptive mechanism for maximising phosphorus uptake by S. hamata growing in phosphorus-deficient soils. Roots contained the minimum proportion of the plant's phosphorus content when root phosphorus concentrations were 8-10 �mol P g-1 root, and shoot phosphorus concentrations were 16-20 �mol P g-1 shoot. When tissue concentrations were less than these values, plants suffered from phosphorus stress and phosphorus was either preferentially retained by the roots or rapidly transferred from shoots to roots, reducing the growth rates of shoots, but permitting root growth to continue. Upon reducing the external phosphorus supply to plants whose root phosphorus concentrations exceeded 8 to 10 �mol P g-1 root, excess phosphorus was rapidly transferred from the root to the shoot to maintain shoot growth rates. The mobility of phospborus within the plant, and the apparent lack of any delay in transferring phosphorus from shoots to roots as phosphorus stress developed, represent another adaptive feature that is likely to be important to the successful growth of S. hamata in low phosphorus soils. When the phosphorus supply was limited, the plant's resources were directed toward maintaining root growth. Even extremely phosphorus deficient plants, in which shoot growth had ceased, maintained linear rates of root growth. These linear rates were related to the total phosphorus content of the plant. In the latter stages of phosphorus deprivation, linear rates of root growth were maintained by remobilisation of phosphorus from the older parts of the root system to sustain the phosphorus supply to the root meristems.
9
George, Timothy S., Philippe Hinsinger, and Benjamin L. Turner. "Phosphorus in soils and plants – facing phosphorus scarcity." Plant and Soil 401, no. 1-2 (March 3, 2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-016-2846-9.
10
Gourley, C. J. P., D. L. Allan, and M. P. Russelle. "Defining phosphorus efficiency in plants." Plant and Soil 155-156, no. 1 (October 1993): 289–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00025039.
11
Kulhánek, M., J. Balík, J. Černý, V. Nedvěd, and B. Kotková. "The influence of different intensities of phosphorus fertilizing on available phosphorus contents in soils and uptake by plants." Plant, Soil and Environment 53, No. 9 (January 7, 2008): 382–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2292-pse.
Abstract:
A gradual increase of phosphorus (P) concentrations in combination with organic and mineral fertilizers was applied to clayey soils at six precise experimental field sites with different climatic conditions within the Czech Republic. Soil samples were collected after the harvest of barley. Readily available P concentrations were determined using water and 0.01M CaCl<sub>2</sub> extractions, mobile phosphate contents were determined using the extraction procedures Mehlich 3 and Olsen. Furthermore, P uptake by barley plants was assessed. All selected procedures showed that increasing concentrations of applied P increased the mobile and readily available P contents in soils. Phosphorus uptake by barley plants ranged between 9.00 and 14.5 kg/ha and increased P application resulted in increased P concentrations in plants. Statistical analyses were performed using the Spearman test. The closest relationship was obtained for P uptake by plants and the water extraction (<i>r</i> = 0.81). Significant relationships were also obtained for plant uptake and the Mehlich 3 and CaCl<sub>2</sub> methods (<i>r</i> = 0.40 and 0.36, respectively). There was no statistical dependence between P uptake and the Olsen method (<i>r</i> = 0.25). Regression analysis was expressed best as linear regression. The closest relationship was found for water extracts and P uptake by plants (with a determination coefficient of 65%). Determination coefficients for P uptake and other methods used were significantly lower (max. 20%).
12
Zhao, Shuo, Xuewen Zhao, Xuefeng Xu, Zhenhai Han, and Changpeng Qiu. "Transcription Factor IAA27 Positively Regulates P Uptake through Promoted Adventitious Root Development in Apple Plants." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 22 (November 14, 2022): 14029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232214029.
Abstract:
Phosphate (P) deficiency severely limits the growth and production of plants. Adventitious root development plays an essential role in responding to low phosphorus stress for apple plants. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating adventitious root growth and development in response to low phosphorus stress have remained elusive. In this study, a mutation (C-T) in the coding region of the apple AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID 27 (IAA27) gene was identified. MdIAA27T-overexpressing transgenic apple improved the tolerance to phosphorus deficiency, which grew longer and denser adventitious roots and presented higher phosphorous content than the control plants under low phosphorus conditions, while the overexpression of MdIAA27C displayed the opposite trend. Moreover, the heterologous overexpression of MdIAA27 in tobacco yielded the same results, supporting the aforementioned findings. In vitro and in vivo assays showed that MdIAA27 directly interacted with AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR (ARF8), ARF26 and ARF27, which regulated Small Auxin-Up RNA 76 (MdSAUR76) and lateral organ boundaries domain 16 (MdLBD16) transcription. The mutation in IAA27 resulted in altered interaction modes, which in turn promoted the release of positive ARFs to upregulate SAUR76 and LBD16 expression in low phosphorus conditions. Altogether, our studies provide insights into how the allelic variation of IAA27 affects adventitious root development in response to low phosphorus stress.
13
Lisik, Maria J. "The effect of sodium humane on the growth of tomatoes and the accumulation of phosphorus and iron in mediums of different pH." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 53, no. 3 (2014): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1984.033.
Abstract:
The effect of sodium humate on changes in the phosphorus and iron content in shoots of tomatoes cultivated in mediums with a raised or lowered pH and phosphorus dose (compared with controls) were analysed. At low pH, sodium humate increased the accumulation of phosphorus and lessened the excessive accumulation of iron in plants cultivated under conditions of phosphours deficit. At a slightly alkaline pH, sodium humate prevented excessive, accumulation of phosphorus and raised low iron contents. A favorable effect of humate on dry mass production was clearly seen at pH 6.4.
14
Mohamed, Mustafa H. M., Maha Ali, Rania S. M. Eid, Heba S. El-Desouky, Spyridon A. Petropoulos, Rokayya Sami, Amina A. M. Al-Mushhin, Khadiga Ahmed Ismail, and Reda M. Y. Zewail. "Phosphorus and Biofertilizer Application Effects on Growth Parameters, Yield and Chemical Constituents of Broccoli." Agronomy 11, no. 11 (October 30, 2021): 2210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11112210.
Abstract:
Broccoli is a popular vegetable throughout the world and contains important nutritional features. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect the fertilization with different phosphorus sources (i.e., soil application of rock phosphate (RP) at 428 kg ha−1, calcium superphosphate (CSP) at 670 kg ha−1, phosphoric acid (PA) at 126 L ha−1 and monoammonium phosphate (MAP) at 334 kg ha−1) combined with biofertilizers (i.e., inoculation with phosphorin or mycorrhiza) on plant growth aspects, antioxidants enzyme activity, chemical constituents, yield and quality of broccoli leaves and heads (Brassica oleracea var. italica Plenck). The experiment was performed according to the randomized complete block design with three replications (n = 3), for two growing seasons (2018–2019) at the experimental farm of Benha University, Egypt. The obtained results showed that the highest values of plant height, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of leaves/plant, head weight and diameter, and the highest yield of heads ha−1 were recorded in plants that received MAP fertilizer and were inoculated with mycorrhiza. On the other hand, the highest value of head length, total carbohydrate and total soluble solids (TSS) content were observed in plants fertilized with PA and inoculated with mycorrhiza. The highest leaf nitrogen % and head ascorbic acid content, as well as the lowest head total phenol content were recorded in plants supplemented with MAP fertilizer and inoculated with mycorrhiza. Moreover, broccoli plants fertilized with PA and inoculated with mycorrhiza showed promising results in terms of phosphorus, potassium and total carbohydrate content, antioxidant activity and dehydrogenase activity. In conclusion, phosphorus may affect plant growth, yield and chemical parameters in broccoli plants depending on the fertilizer source, while inoculation with mycorrhiza may also have a beneficial impact on these parameters.
15
Heinzmann, B. "Phosphorus recycling in sewage treatment plants with biological phosphorus removal." Water Science and Technology 52, no. 10-11 (November 1, 2005): 543–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0734.
Abstract:
In this paper, phosphorus balances are calculated for the wastewater purification and sludge treatment stages for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) applying Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal (EBPR). The possible P-recovery potential is then estimated and evaluated regarding different locations along the process of wastewater purification and sludge treatment, taking the different phosphorus bonding forms into account. Caused by the more favourable bonding forms in the excess sludge as well as possibly also in the sludge ash a recovery of the phosphorus seems especially favoured for WWTPs with EBPR. The processes available for a P recycling are named, and special regard is given to the Phostrip-process, which is a possible recycling process already tested in practice. Further R&D demand consists in basic research regarding disintegration, fermentation or acidic total digestion of excess sludge followed by phosphorus precipitation including separation of the precipitates, MAP-precipitation and separation from digested sludge and on the ability to extract phosphorus and heavy metals from sewage sludge ash. These investigations are a precondition to enable purposeful process developments. At the present state the cost of recycled phosphorus earned from wastewater, sludge and ash, respectively, are a multiple higher than the costs for raw phosphate taking into account the suitable processes. Thus, up to now no phosphorus recycling with a defrayal of costs is possible. The future importance of phosphorus recycling will depend on the market price for raw phosphate, the recycling costs and, furthermore, on the general political framework.
16
MOREL, C., J. BLASKIEWITZ, and J. C. FARDEAU. "PHOSPHORUS SUPPLY TO PLANTS BY SOILS WITH VARIABLE PHOSPHORUS EXCHANGE." Soil Science 160, no. 6 (December 1995): 423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00010694-199512000-00008.
17
IBANEZ, SÉBASTIEN, ANNIE MILLERY, MARIE D'OTTAVIO, ROBIN GUILHOT, and EDOUARD VESIN. "Phosphorus-rich grasshoppers consume plants high in nitrogen and phosphorus." Ecological Entomology 42, no. 5 (June 14, 2017): 610–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/een.12425.
18
James, Erin, and Marc van Iersel. "Phosphorus Fertilization in Ebb and Flow Production of Bedding Plants." HortScience 33, no. 3 (June 1998): 523b—523. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.3.523b.
Abstract:
The quantity and quality of available water in the Southeastern United States continues to decline as demands on limited resources increase. Growers will soon be forced to comply with legal limitations on water consumption and limits on nutrient runoff from their operations. A lack of information on standard growing practices using alternative irrigation systems such as ebb and flow is hindering their acceptance and implementation. We are currently conducting a series of experiments to establish basic growing guidelines for the use of ebb and flow in the greenhouse in bedding plant production. In the third of these experiments, Petunia × hybrida Hort. Vilm.-Andr. `Blue Frost' and Begonia × hiemalis Fotsch. `Ambassador Scarlet' were grown for 5 weeks on ebb and flow tables with fertigation solutions (225 ppm N) containing three different levels of phosphorus (0, 50, and 100 ppm). Three soilless media were also used, which varied in their percentage content of vermiculite, perlite, pine bark and coconut coir. For both the begonias and petunias dry mass of the shoot was greatest in plants grown with higher levels of phosphorus. In comparison to plants grown with 0 ppm phosphorous, petunias and begonias grown with 50 or 100 ppm P were 44% and 25% greater in mass, respectively. However, begonias had 38% more flowers when fertigated with the higher levels of phosphorous while petunias flowered earlier with 0 ppm P fertigation solution. The electrical conductivity of the media did not change significantly over the course of the growing period, but the pH dropped by an average of 1 over the same time interval.
19
Gikaara, D. M., M. E. Johnston, and D. G. Edwards. "PHOSPHORUS MANAGEMENT OF AUSTRALIAN NATIVE PLANTS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 683 (June 2005): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2005.683.13.
20
Wassen, Martin J., Harry Olde Venterink, Elena D. Lapshina, and Franziska Tanneberger. "Endangered plants persist under phosphorus limitation." Nature 437, no. 7058 (September 2005): 547–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature03950.
21
Hajiboland, Roghieh, and Seyed Yahia Salehi. "Remobilization of Phosphorus in Tea Plants." Journal of Plant Nutrition 37, no. 9 (June 2, 2014): 1522–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2014.888743.
22
Westermann, D. T., and G. E. Kleinkopf. "Phosphorus Relationships in Potato Plants 1." Agronomy Journal 77, no. 3 (May 1985): 490–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj1985.00021962007700030029x.
23
Handreck, Kevin A. "Phosphorus requirements of Australian native plants." Soil Research 35, no. 2 (1997): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/s96060.
Abstract:
The phosphorus (P) requirements of Australian plants are reviewed. Many Australian plants have highly developed abilities for acquiring and conservatively using P. This is seen as an evolutionary response to the combined environmental pressures of fire, soil P levels that are in the lower part of the range for world soils, and low and eratic rainfall. In natural Australian ecosystems, more than 50% of the P in the A horizon is in organic combination. Organic matter is the main source for the growth of perennial plants, so the only successful assessments of ‘available’ P measure labile organic P and microbial P. However, the inorganic P of ashbeds is essential to the rapid establishment of fire ephemerals and tree seedlings in natural ecosystems. Almost all Australian plants develop associations with mycorrhizal fungi, or produce hairy roots, as ways of increasing P uptake. Highly developed abilities to redistribute P from ageing to young tissues enable Australian plants to have a low P requirement per unit of biomass production. This also results in low P losses in sawlogs from natural forests, but not necessarily from short-rotation plantations. The special role of P in the ecology and conservation of heathlands is reviewed. Finally, an overview is given of the P requirements of Australian plants being grown in soil-less media in nurseries.
24
Godoy, Arleen, and Janet C. Cole. "Phosphorus Source Affects Phosphorus Leaching and Growth of Containerized Spirea." HortScience 35, no. 7 (December 2000): 1249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.7.1249.
Abstract:
Commercially propagated `Halward's Silver' spirea (Spiraea nipponica Maxim.) bareroot cuttings and cuttings with substrate around the roots (plugs) were transplanted into 3.8-L containers and fertilized with various P fertilizers to determine the effect of fertilizer source on P leaching and plant growth. The following fertilizer treatments were applied: 1) 100% of the recommended rate of P from controlled-release fertilizer (CRF), consisting of 22N-2.6P-10K; 2) 100% of P from triple superphosphate (TSP, 0N-20P-0K) with N and K provided by 22N-0P-10K CRF; and 3) 50% of P from CRF, consisting of 22N-1.3P-10K, plus 50% of P from TSP (CRF/TSP). The most P leached from cuttings transplanted as plugs or bareroot and fertilized with TSP, while the least P leached from cuttings transplanted as plugs and fertilized with CRF or CRF/TSP. Plants fertilized with CRF/TSP generally had larger root dry weights than did plants fertilized with CRF or TSP. Plants fertilized with CRF had the smallest stem dry weights. Shoot-to-root (S/R) ratio was largest in plants transplanted as plugs in substrate amended with TSP, but cuttings transplanted bareroot into CRF-amended substrate had the highest S/R ratio and the lowest stem P concentration. Incorporation of CRF/TSP into the container substrate can reduce P leaching compared with incorporation of TSP, and can increase root and stem dry weights of plants transplanted as plugs compared with incorporation of CRF.
25
Shah, Asad, Jing Huang, Muhammad Numan Khan, Tianfu Han, Sehrish Ali, Nano Alemu Daba, Jiangxue Du, et al. "Sole and Combined Application of Phosphorus and Glucose and Its Influence on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Microbial Biomass in Paddy Soils." Agronomy 12, no. 10 (September 30, 2022): 2368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12102368.
Abstract:
Soil microbial activities are consistently restricted not only by phosphorus availability but also by microbial carbon requirements. Therefore, an incubation experiment was conducted with three soils (QY1, QY2 and QY3) selected on the basis of phosphorus limitation. Results revealed that high N2O emissions, 17.44 µg kg−1, were measured in phosphorus-deficient soil with addition of glucose. In phosphorus-adequate soils, the peaks of N2O emission values in the glucose addition treatment were 20.8 µg kg−d and 24.7 µg kg−1, which were higher than without glucose-added treatments. CH4 emissions were higher with glucose addition, at 1.9 µg kg−e in phosphorus-deficient soil and 1.52 µg kg−e and 2.6 µg kg−1 in two phosphorus-adequate soils. Phosphorus added to deficient and adequate soil significantly increased the cumulative CH4 and N2O emissions compared to the solely glucose added soil and the combination of glucose with phosphorus. Glucose addition significantly increased microbial biomass carbon (MBC) but decreased microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP), especially in the phosphorus-adequate soil. For MBC, the highest value obtained was 175.8 mg kg−1, which was determined under glucose addition in phosphorus-adequate soil. The soil pH increased with glucose addition but decreased with phosphorus addition in phosphorus-deficient soil. The soil organic carbon (SOC) content was significantly affected by glucose addition in the phosphorus-deficient soil. Available phosphorus (AP) was highly influenced by phosphorus addition but did not appear to be affected by glucose addition. From the current study, we concluded that sole phosphorus and glucose addition increase CH4 andN2O emissions in phosphorus-deficient and also in phosphorus-adequate paddy soils. Further study will be conducted on sole and interactive effects of glucose and phosphorous on soil with plants and without plants.
26
Bian, Wei, Lu Guang Wang, Huan Zhen Zhang, Jing Fei Wang, Zai Feng Tian, and Xin Yong Chen. "Study on Phosphorus Pollution Load of Aquaculture in Baiyangdian Lake." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 1406–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.1406.
Abstract:
Aquaculture can bring excess phosphorus to lakes which causing eutrophication. Figuring out the amount of phosphorus is meaningful to water pollution control. This study aims to clarify how much phosphorus is produced by aquaculture in Baiyangdian Lake each year. A phosphorus balance equation which is based on conservation of matter is established and used to calculate the input and output phosphorus carefully of an experimental field during a breeding cycle. Six parameters which are little fish, adult fish, feed, plants, sediment deposition and release are included in the equation. By the equation, the document gets a model: Q(x)＝0.033x, which shows that breeding every 1kg grass carp, there will be 0.033kg phosphorus into the water. As a result, the phosphorous pollution load of aquaculture in Baiyangdian Lake is 302.6 t/a.
27
Slović, Z. M., D. Bradarić, Karlo Raić, and J. Z. Slović. "Estimation of phosphorus distribution ratio at the end of blowing in BOF." Metallurgical and Materials Engineering 27, no. 4 (December 21, 2021): 425–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30544/646.
Abstract:
In integrated steel plants, the removal of phosphorous normally takes place during the primary basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking process. Phosphorous is usually introduced to the integrated steelmaking process through blast furnace additions, such as iron ore, coke, sinter, and fluxes. Among the others parameters such as optimizing the charging system, oxygen supply system, oxygen lance parameters of the converter, the flux quality in combination with temperature process control can improve the BOF efficiency of Dephosphorization. Phosphorus partition ratio (LP) is usually used to evaluate the thermodynamic efficiency of the dephosphorization of slags with different compositions in steelmaking processes. However, this parameter is only useful in equilibrium conditions, and it is not accurate when used to evaluate slag efficiency in industrial processes. Because of this, the aim of this work was to study the phosphorus partition ratio estimated from the experimental results in real plant conditions of two different BOF steel plants and compare them with well-known published models. In the present study, data from two steel plants (further Plant A and Plant B) were evaluated applying Healy’s, Suito and Inoui’s, Zhang’s as well as Assis’s equations. The calculated values were compared against measured values.
28
Casonato, S. G., M. A. Manning, P. A. Rheinl?nder, and R. A. Fullerton. "Phytotoxicity of phosphorus acid in Leucodendron Safari Goldstrike." New Zealand Plant Protection 61 (August 1, 2008): 392. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2008.61.6868.
Abstract:
The efficacy of phosphorous acid (FoliRFos) was tested for the control of Phytophthora cinnamomi in the cut flower Leucodendron Safari Goldstrike The fungicide was applied monthly in accordance with the prescribed label rate commencing in December 2005 During the winter months of 2006 phytotoxicity was observed in the treated plants The treatment was suspended for 2 months to avoid further damage after which time the foliar applications began again No plant deaths caused by P cinnamomi occurred in the treatments with the phosphorous acid whereas there was a 20 death rate in the untreated plots Growers should be aware of potential phytotoxicity from phosphorus acid on Leucodendron Safari Goldstrike as it can cause stunting of the plants and affect the quality of the blooms Application on Leucodendron Safari Goldstrike should be made with caution during winter months when plants are not actively growing Further work should be undertaken to determine whether using lower rates of the chemical during the winter months when the plants are apparently more susceptible to infection would result in less phytotoxicity
29
Ikombo, BM, DG Edwards, and CJ Asher. "The role of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas (VAM) in the phosphorus nutrition of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp)." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 42, no. 1 (1991): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9910129.
Abstract:
An experiment was conducted to establish the role of VAM in the phosphorus nutrition and early growth of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) cv. Vita 4 in a podzolic soil (Haplustult). The experiment involved four treatments: (1) plants grown in unsterilized soil adequately supplied with phosphorus (240 kg P ha-1), (2) plants grown in unsterilized soil with low phosphorus (10 kg P ha-1), (3) and (4) plants grown in methyl bromide sterilized soil with low phosphorus (10 kg P ha-1). Plants in treatments (1), (2) and (3) were inoculated with Bradyrhizobium. A series of harvests was taken from 14 to 42 days after sowing; 15 harvests at two-day intervals from treatment (2) and 5 harvests at 7-day intervals from the other treatments. Root infection by VAM did not occur in plants grown in the sterilized soil treatments (3) and (4); growth of these plants was poor, and they showed symptoms of severe phosphorus deficiency. Phosphorus concentrations in the youngest fully expanded leaf (YFEL) of plants grown in treatments (3) and (4) were in the range 0.10 to 0.16% at all harvests. Plants which were grown in the unsterilized soil with 240 kg P ha-l (treatment (1)) grew very well; they had a high concentration of phosphorus (0.3 1 to 0.75%) in the YFEL at all harvests and exhibited a delayed and reduced level of infection by VAM. Plants grown in the unsterilized soil with 10 kg P ha-l (treatment (2)) were strongly colonized by VAM; infection was apparent at 14 days after sowing and reached a maximum (85% of root segments colonized) at 36 days after sowing. A strong increase in phosphorus concentration in the YFEL of plants grown in treatment (2) commenced at 22 days after sowing, while an increase in dry matter yield and phosphorus content of the whole tops above that of non-mycorrhizal plants grown in the sterilized soil was observed at 30 days after sowing. The sequence of events leads us to conclude that the recovery of cowpea plants from early phosphorus deficiency stress resulted from increased phosphorus absorption following the development of a mycorrhizal association with the roots.
30
Oliveira, Maria Elisa Falcão de, Girlene Santos de Souza, and Anacleto Ranulfo dos Santos. "LIGHT ENVIRONMENTS AND PHOSPHORUS DOSES IN THE GROWTH OF BASIL PLANTS." Nativa 6, no. 4 (July 18, 2018): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.31413/nativa.v6i4.4739.
Abstract:
AMBIENTES DE LUZ E DOSES DE FÓSFORO NO CRESCIMENTO DE PLANTAS DE MANJERICÃO O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o desenvolvimento das plantas de manjericão cultivadas em ambientes de luz modificada com o uso de malhas fotoconversoras sob diferentes dosagens de adubação fosfata. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso em esquema fatorial 4 x 3, sendo os tratamentos: 0;50; 100 e 200 kg ha-1 de P2O5, e três ambientes de luz utilizando malhas fotoconversoras nas cores : azul e vermelho com 50% de sombreamento e a pleno sol, com cinco repetições. Após 120 dias de cultivo foram realizadas análises de crescimento das plantas de manjericão, além do teor de fósforo nas raízes. Observou-se interação significativa entre as doses de fósforo e os ambientes de luz para as variáveis número de folhas, área foliar, área foliar especifica, razão de área foliar e razão de peso foliar. Plantas de manjericão cultivadas a pleno sol na dosagem máxima de fósforo (200 kg ha-1 P2O5) apresentaram resultados significativamente superiores em relação àquelas cultivadas sob sombreamento. Porém vale ressaltar que o ambiente sombreado proporcionou maior altura e produção de massa seca, além de maiores teores de fósforo nas raízes. Conclui-se que a interação das malhas fotoconversoras com a adubação fosfatada apresentou resultados positivos em relação ao desenvolvimento das plantas de manjericão.Palavras-chave: luminosidade, planta medicinal, sombreamento, ocimum basilicum L. ABSTRACT:The objective of this work was to evaluate the development of basil plants cultivated in modified light environments with the use of color shading nets under different dosages of phosphate fertilization. The experimental design was a randomized block factorial design 4 x 3, with the treatments: 0, 50; 100 and 200 kg ha-1 P2O5 using shading nets in colors: blue and red, with 50% shading and full sun, and five replications. After 120 days of cultivation, analyzes of the growth of basil plants were carried out, in addition to the phosphorus content in the roots. There was a significant interaction between phosphorus doses and light environments for the number of leaves, leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf area ratio and leaf weight ratio. Basil plants grown in full sun at the maximum phosphorus dosage (200 kg ha-1 P2O5) showed significantly higher results than those grown under shade. However, it is worth noting that the shaded environment provided higher height and dry mass production, in addition to higher phosphorus levels in the roots. It was concluded that the interaction of color shading nets with the phosphate fertilization presented positive results in relation to the development of the basil plants.Keywords: luminosity, medicinal plant, shading, Ocimum basilicum L.
31
Skov Olesen, Niels. "Nutrient Removal in Small Wastewater Treatment Plants." Water Science and Technology 22, no. 3-4 (March 1, 1990): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1990.0203.
Abstract:
In some areas of Denmark nutrient removal is required even for very small wastewater plants, that is down to 500 pe (pe = person equivalents). The goal for the removal is 80% removal of nitrogen and 90% removal of phosphorus, or in terms of concentrations: 8 mg nitrogen/l and 1.2 mg phosphorus/l. The inlet concentrations are typically 40 mg N/l and 10 mg P/l. The paper presents the results from two such plants with a capacity of 800 pe. Phosphorus removal is made by simultaneous precipitation with ferrous sulphate. Nitrogen removal is carried out using the recirculation method. Both plants were originally rotor aerated oxidation ditches. They have been extended with a denitrification reactor and a recirculation pumping station. At present both plants have been in activity for about 3 years and with satisfactory results. Average concentrations of nitrogen (summer) and phosphorus is 7 mg/l and 0.9 mg/l respectively. Nitrogen removal seems to be a practical solution on these small plants. It is,though, sensitive to temperature and highly oxidized rain water. Phosphorus removal seems to be an easily run and relatively non-sensitive technique at least when using simultaneous precipitation.
32
IKHAJIAGBE, Beckley, Geoffrey O. ANOLIEFO, Ogochukwu F. OLISE, Fabian RACKELMANN, Milena SOMMER, and Isaac J. ADEKUNLE. "Major phosphorus in soils is unavailable, yet critical for plant development." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 12, no. 3 (September 29, 2020): 500–535. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb12310672.
Abstract:
Phosphorus (p) is a chemical component that has a concentration in the world’s land mass of around one gram for each kilogram. 85% to 95% of cellular phosphorus is available in the vacuole, 31p-nmr examinations uncovers the inadequacy of inorganic phosphorus (pi) efflux from the vacuole to make-up for a fast reduction of the cytosolic pi focus during phosphorus starvation. Activities of phosphorus use involve biogeochemical mechanisms of phosphorus in soil, the phosphorus cycle, chelation of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and aluminium (Al) and their subsequent removal from forming insoluble phosphorus compounds, transformation of phosphorus in the soil, and fixation of phosphorus in the soil. Phosphorus utilisation occur through solubilization by microbes which could be bacteria, fungi or bio-fertilizers that produce phytohormone, siderophores and antibiotics. However, factors affecting phosphorus solubilization are pH and temperature which are key predominant players for phosphorus adsorption dynamics from the soil and rhizosphere by plants, soil phosphorus transformation, spatial availability and acquisition of soil phosphorus, root architecture, bioavailability and acquisition of soil phosphorus, phosphorus cycling and bioavailability in soil-plant systems, its chemistry as well as its final uptake and utilization by plants. Overall, the phosphorus nutrition of plants is majorly monitored by phosphorus dynamics in the soil/rhizosphere-plant continuum. Given the usefulness of phosphorus to plants and its importance as a strategic resource, a better understanding of phosphorus dynamics in the soil/rhizosphere-plant continuum is necessary to lead the establishment of integrated phosphorus-management strategies involving manipulation of soil and rhizosphere activities, development of phosphorus-efficient crops, and improving phosphorus-recycling efficiency in the future.
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Borch, Kristian, Kathleen B. Evensen, and Jonathan Lynch. "Improvement of Plant Stress Resistance with Low Phosphorus." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 674d—674. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.674d.
Abstract:
Impatiens (Impatiens × hybrida `Impulse Orange'), and marigold (Tagetes × hybrida `Janie Tangerine') plants grown under low phosphorus were more resistant to drought stress than plants grown with a conventional, high-P fertilization program. Low concentrations of P were supplied using alumina-buffered P incorporated into the peat media. Alumina was charged with two levels of P, giving two levels of P-desorption. The alumina-buffered P amendment amounted to 2% by volume of the medium. Control plants (high-P treatment) were fertilized with a nutrient solution containing a P concentration of 1.5 mm. Phosphorous leaching was reduced by 96% to 99.4% in the low-P treatments compared with controls. Low-P plants showed no signs of P deficiency or aluminum toxicity. Impatiens plant diameter was significantly reduced by low-P fertilization, and leaf area was reduced by low P in both species. In marigold plants, roots were confined to a small volume beneath the drip tube in high-P plants, while in low-P plants they were well distributed through the medium. Impatiens roots showed no obvious differences in root distribution. Plants at the marketing stage were exposed to drought. The low-P plants of both species wilted more slowly and recovered more quickly when irrigated than the high-P controls. The reduced leaf area on the low-P plants may account for the improvement in drought tolerance.
34
Johnson, C. R., and R. L. Hummel. "Influence of Mycorrhizae and Drought Stress on Growth of Poncirus × Citrus Seedlings." HortScience 20, no. 4 (August 1985): 754–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.20.4.754.
Abstract:
Abstract Roots of Carrizo citrange seedlings were inoculated with the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungus Glomus intraradices or provided an inoculum filtrate (non-VAM plants). Plants were exposed to drought stress after transplanting into large containers filled with a phosphorus amended medium (30 mg g-1). Drought stress caused reduction of phosphorus in leaf tissues and dry matter accumulation in VAM plants. However, phosphorus levels, dry weights, and transpiration of VAM seedlings were greater than non-VAM plants. Mychorrhizal infection appears to improve establishment of citrus into transplant situations by improving phosphorus uptake and reducing plant stress.
35
Mclaughlin, MJ, AM Alston, and JK Martin. "Phosphorus cycling in wheat pasture rotations .I. The source of phosphorus taken up by wheat." Soil Research 26, no. 2 (1988): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9880323.
Abstract:
Wheat plants (Triticum aestivum cv. Warigal) were grown in the field in a solonized brown soil (Calcixerollic xerochrept) to which 33P-labelled medic residues (Medicago truncatula cv. Paraggio) and 32P-labelled fertilizer had been added. Amounts of 31P, 32P and 33P in the wheat plants were determined at 7, 18, 32, 46, 61, 81 and 95 days after sowing. The 32P uptake by the wheat plants increased throughout the experiment and reached 11 -6% of the isotope applied by 95 days. Of the 33P applied in the medic residues, 5 -4% was recovered in the wheat plants. Most of the P taken up by the wheat plants was from soil P (i.e, from sources not added that season).
36
Kirschbaum, MUF. "Effects of Photon Flux Density on Nutrient Productivity in Eucalyptus grandis Seedlings." Functional Plant Biology 18, no. 3 (1991): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9910307.
Abstract:
In plants in which growth is limited by the availability of phosphorus, phosphorus productivity is defined as the plants' relative growth rate divided by their internal phosphorus concentration. An experiment was conducted to assess whether phosphorus productivity was dependent on photon flux density, or whether photon flux density only set an upper maximum relative growth rate below which phosphorus productivity remained constant with changing photon flux density. Eucalyptus grandis seedlings were grown in growth units in which plants were suspended in air while continuously being sprayed with nutrient solution (aeroponic system). Plants were grown at five different relative phosphorus addition rates, and under natural lighting over the period from late summer to mid-winter when daily photon flux density decreased from about 30 to 10 mol quanta m-2 d-1. Relative growth rate was then plotted as a function of internal phosphorus concentration for a series of harvests. For the three highest relative phosphorus addition rates, there was a negative relationship between relative growth rate and internal phosphorus concentration. For the two lowest phosphorus addition rates, the internal phosphorus concentration increased throughout the experiment, while relative growth rate remained almost constant. This meant that phosphorus productivity changed throughout the experiment. When phosphorus productivity was expressed as a function of daily photon flux density, a linear relationship between phosphorus productivity and photon flux density was obtained. That relationship had a positive intercept on the axis of photon flux density which was interpreted as the plants' light compensation point. This finding has important implications for applications of the concept of nutrient productivity to the modelling of ecosystems in which growth is limited by nutrient availability.
37
Chaikovskaya, L. A., and O. L. Ovsienko. "PHOSPHATE-MOBILIZING MICROORGANISMS: 1. BIODIVERSITY, INFLUENCE ON PLANTS MINERAL NUTRITION AND PRODUCTIVITY." TAURIDA HERALD OF THE AGRARIAN SCIENCES 4 (28) (2021): 159–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2021-4-28-159-182.
Abstract:
Phosphorus is an essential plant nutrient involved in plants’ growth and development, accelerated formation of reproductive organs and other important factors for obtaining high and stable crop yields and, therefore, high-quality products. Easily absorbed phosphorus compounds obtained from soil or fertilizers are the most valuable for plants. One of the promising directions for improving the phosphorus nutrition of agricultural crops is biological phosphate mobilization that is carried out by soil microorganisms – bacteria and filamentous fungi (micromycetes). They contribute to the conversion of poorly soluble phosphorus compounds into forms accessible to higher plants. The effect of microorganisms on plants in terms of improving their mineral nutrition, in particular phosphorus, was reviewed in this article. We analysed domestic and foreign literature sources (over the last 15 years) focused on the biodiversity of soil phosphate-mobilizing microorganisms and their influence on converting insoluble phosphate to soluble forms. The features of the mechanisms of biotransformation of organic and mineral phosphates by soil microorganisms and the main criteria for screening effective isolates able to convert poorly soluble phosphorus compounds into forms available for plants were described in detail. This review also demonstrates that several microorganisms belonging to different taxonomic groups (bacteria and micromycetes) are recognized as powerful phosphate solubilizers or bioconverters of poorly soluble phosphorus compounds into water-soluble forms. We also surveyed scientific works, in which the practical application of effective strains of microorganisms that transform unavailable phosphorus compounds into available for plants was studied; and those, in which the role of microorganisms in increasing the availability of phosphorus for agricultural plants and their productivity improvement was demonstrated. A comprehensive description of microbial preparations “Agrofil”, “Biovays”, “Ekophosphorin”, “Ekovital”, “Biophosphorin”, “Albobacterin”, “Polymiksobacterin”, “Agrobacterin”, “Phosphostim”, “Fitostimophos”, “Agromik”, “Baktopin” based on phosphate-mobilizing microorganisms, developed and used in various countries to optimize mineral nutrition of cultivated plants, is given.
38
Hernandez, Jorge David, and Randy Killorn. "Phosphorus fertilizer by-product effect on the interaction of zinc and phosphorus in corn and soybean." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 89, no. 2 (May 1, 2009): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss07069.
Abstract:
The application of high phosphorus fertilizer by-products to farmland is a common practice used to reduce storage volume and disposal cost. However, because Iowa soils are generally high in both phosphorus and zinc, there are environmental and fertility questions concerning their application to farmland. A greenhouse study was conducted to determine the effect of a soil-applied fertilizer by-product on the zinc-phosphorus relationship in corn and soybean plants grown on three Iowa soil series: Belinda, Downs, and Haig. The soils were mixed with a high-phosphorus fertilizer by-product and plants were also collected and analyzed for phosphorus and zinc content and uptake. Soil samples were analyzed for phosphorus and zinc content. The experiment was repeated, switching pots to assess the residual effect after one cycle of rotation. The treatments were arranged in a totally randomized design with three replications. The results indicated that the high phosphorus fertilizer by-product increased soil and plant concentrations of phosphorus in soybean and corn plants and soils. However, the increase of P concentration did not induce changes in the phosphorus-zinc interaction in corn and soybean plants in any of the studied soils. Key words: Phosphorus, corn, soybean, zinc, sludge, by-products, Zn-P relationship, zinc-phosphorus interaction
39
Raymond, Lise, Yves Comeau, Jean F. Riel, and François G. Brière. "Evaluation of the Feasibility of Implementing Biological Phosphorus Removal in Wastewater Treatment Plants." Water Quality Research Journal 26, no. 4 (November 1, 1991): 475–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1991.020.
Abstract:
Abstract A weighted rating system to evaluate the feasibility of implementing biological phosphorus removal to wastewater treatment plants was developed and applied to identify the most promising existing Quebec plants using activated sludge that may benefit from this advanced technology. Three main categories of criteria were considered, (A) phosphorus discharge standards, (B) influent and effluent characteristics and (C) process characteristics. The percentage of the total weight attributed to each category was 12%, 29% and 59%, respectively. The most important factors were proposed to be the plant flexibility and configuration, the influent BOD5/TP and TKN/COD ratios, the existence of a primary clarifier, the requirements to comply with phosphorus standards, the presence of a sand filter and the possibility of mixing without air entrainment the zones of the process that should not be aerated. Among the 16 activated sludge plants for which operating data was available for 1989, 9 showed an interesting potential for conversion to biological phosphorus removal (6 with aeration tanks, 1 with oxidation ditches and 2 with sequencing batch reactors). Operation and construction modifications were proposed to convert these 9 plants to biological phosphorus removal and the rating system was used to assess the beneficial effect of the proposed modifications. A preliminary cost estimate performed on 7 of these plants indicated that conversion costs to biological phosphorus removal were either negligible (4 or 5 plants) or comparable to the present value of the cost of chemicals over a 20-year period (2 plants). With these conversions, biological phosphorus removal could replace partially or completely chemical phosphorus precipitation, depending on the phosphorus standards, wastewater and plant characteristics.
40
L. M., Tokmakova, and Trepach A. O. "PHOSPHORUS BIOTRANSFORMATION IN ROOT ZONE OF CORN PLANTS UNDER ACTION OF AHROBACTERYN AND MINERAL FERTILIZERS." Agriciltural microbiology 34 (November 11, 2021): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.35868/1997-3004.34.44-52.
Abstract:
Objective. To determine the intensity of phosphorus biotransformation in the root zone of corn plants under the action of the microbial preparation Ahrobacteryn and various rates of mineral fertilizers. Methods. Field experiment (on leached chernozem), microbiological (accounting for the number of phosphate-mobilizing bacteria in the rhizosphere of corn plants, biochemical (determination of phosphatase activity, the degree of mobility of phosphates in the rhizosphere soil of plants), statistical. Results. It was found that during the growing season, the number of bacteria that hydrolyze mineral phosphorus compounds and organic soil phosphates increases in the rhizosphere soil of corn plants under the influence of the microbial preparation Ahrobacteryn. Given the features of the influence of mineral fertilizers on the development of phosphate-mobilizing bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of corn plants, it is optimal to use fertilizers in doses not exceeding N90P90K90. At the same time, phosphatase activity of the rhizosphere soil reaches the highest values in the flowering phase; in the phase of milk-wax ripeness of corn grain, the parameters are significantly reduced due to the slowdown in the absorption of phosphorus by plants. The effect of inoculation increases the degree of phosphate mobility in the rhizosphere soil of plants, which is expressed in a decrease in their content due to increased uptake by plants. In the phase of milk-wax ripeness, the mobility of phosphates decreases from 0.42 (in the control without fertilizers) to 0.23 mg P2O5/dm3 of soil solution, which indicates increased absorption of phosphorus by plants. Conclusion. Under the influence of Ahrobacteryn, the processes of phosphorus transformation in the root zone of corn plants are activated, the number of phosphate-mobilizing bacteria increases, phosphatase activity improves and the degree of phosphate mobility, which has an effect on the absorption of phosphorus by plants. As a result, phosphorus removal increases with a crop yield from 51.2 (in the control without fertilizers) to 83.4 kg/ha (with Ahrobacteryn), the efficiency of phosphorus plant nutrition after introduction of N90P90K90 is 62.9 %.
41
Kirschbaum, MUF, and D. Tompkins. "Photosynthetic Responses to Phosphorus Nutrition in Eucalyptus grandis Seedlings." Functional Plant Biology 17, no. 5 (1990): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9900527.
Abstract:
Eucalyptus grandis seedlings were grown in growth units in which plant roots were suspended in air while continuously being sprayed with nutrient solution (aeroponic system). Phosphorus was added to nutrient solutions in exponentially increasing amounts which determined plant growth rates. Plants were grown at five relative phosphorus addition rates, and photosynthetic performance of leaves was compared across treatments. Carbon assimilation rates ranged from 11.7 μmol m-2 s-1 for plants with lowest phosphorus status to 23.1 μmol m-2 s-1 for plants with highest phosphorus status. Intercellular partial pressures of CO2 concomitantly decreased from 260 pbar for plants with lowest to 220 μbar for plants with highest phosphorus status. Leaves in all treatments showed a decrease in assimilation rate at intercellular partial pressures of CO2 above c. 600 μbar. There was no consistent correlation between the extent of that decrease and the phosphorus status of leaves. Assimilation rates were correlated with leaf phosphorus content. This relationship was apparent on either a unit leaf area or unit leaf weight basis. Assimilation rates and leaf nitrogen content per unit leaf weight were also correlated. In contrast, there was no correlation between leaf assimilation rate per unit leaf area and nitrogen content per unit leaf area, as nitrogen content per unit area was similar for all phosphorus treatments. The differences between correlations on a weight and area basis were due to differences in specific leaf area in different treatments, with plants with lower phosphorus status having less leaf area per unit leaf weight. The photosynthetic measurements showed that CO2 assimilation rate, together with relative leaf growth rate, was one of the processes most sensitive to phosphorus nutrition.
42
Abbasi, Sepide, Dane Lamb, Md Aminur Rahman, Ravi Naidu, and Mallavarapu Megharaj. "Response of phosphorus sensitive plants to arsenate." Environmental Technology & Innovation 24 (November 2021): 102008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2021.102008.
43
Raghothama, Kashchandra G. "Phosphorus acquisition; PLANTS in the driver's seat!" Trends in Plant Science 5, no. 10 (October 2000): 412–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1360-1385(00)01746-5.
44
Dick, R. P., and M. A. Tabatabai. "Polyphosphates as sources of phosphorus for plants." Fertilizer Research 12, no. 2 (1987): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01048912.
45
Rufty, Thomas W., M. Yaeesh Siddiqi, Anthony D. M. Glass, and Thomas J. Ruth. "Altered 13NO3− influx in phosphorus limited plants." Plant Science 76, no. 1 (January 1991): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9452(91)90216-u.
46
Chen, Guoning, Liushu Pan, Zhuo Sun, Jianhua Xiong, Hongxiang Zhu, Shuangfei Wang, Hainong Song, Hongfei Lin, Yongli Chen, and Jiaxiang Liang. "Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Black-Odor Water by Different Submerged Plants." Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy 14, no. 4 (August 1, 2020): 524–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2020.1972.
Abstract:
In general, nitrogen and phosphorus in eutrophic water are absorbed by submerged plants for growth, which is considered as a feature and frequently applied in sustainable wastewater treatment. These plants are entirely submerged at the bottom of the water, absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus by roots, stems, leaves and epidermal cells. Compared with other species of aquatic plants, submerged plants show certain advantages in the aspects of planting area, total biomass and total removal of nitrogen and phosphorus. Rational utilization of submerged plants is an effective way to remove nitrogen and phosphorus from eutrophic water. Submerged macrophyte has been at the focus of attention in recent years as an alternative system for aquatic plant wastewater treatment with several applications in eutrophication. Aiming at the pollution control scheme of inland lakes, in this study, the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus by Hydrilla verticillaya (H. verticillaya) and Vallisneria natans (V. natans) were studied and compared in monoculture and mixed-culture plantings, thus screened the best submerged plants. Results showed that the removal capacity for ammonium (NH+4–N), Nitrate (NO–3–N) and total phosphorus (TP) from high to low was NH+4–N, NO–3–N, and TP. Reasonable allocation of plants can improve the removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus. The order of removal capacity for different submerged plants to pollutants was: mixed culture V. natans and H. verticillaya > H. verticillaya > V. natans. The transformation of NO–3–N to NH+4–N was considered as the NH+4–N removal mechanism.
47
Artyushenko, Olexandr, and Oksana Dziuba. "The phosphate state and biochemical mobilization of phosphorus compounds in arboreal plants’ soils." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 38 (November 3, 2010): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/38/2766.
Abstract:
Some indices of the phosphoric fractions of primery degraded soils, which are formed separate areas of technogenic landscapes, on a spoil-bank of iron-ore mine in the near of Kryvyi Rig, under act of lignosa, which are used for biological recultivation of degraded soils are investigated. Maintenance of mineral phosphates and features of organic phosphorus accumulation are set in soil under arboreal planting. Nutrient supply of plants is enhanced by mobile phosphates and their dynamics during vegetation period. Activity of alkaline and acid phosphatase enzymes are concerned also. On the basis of the soil enzymes activity information it is stated, that under the 35-years-old plantage of Robinia pseudoacacia L. the biochemical mineralization of organic phosphorus compounds passes considerably more actively than under Pinus pallasiana D.Don.
48
Mikheev, Vyacheslav S., Irina V. Struchkova, Maria N. Ageyeva, Anna A. Brilkina, and Ekaterina V. Berezina. "The Role of Phialocephala fortinii in Improving Plants’ Phosphorus Nutrition: New Puzzle Pieces." Journal of Fungi 8, no. 11 (November 21, 2022): 1225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8111225.
Abstract:
Plants’ mineral nutrition in acidic soils can be facilitated by phosphate solubilizing fungi inhabiting the root systems of these plants. We attempt to find dark septate endophyte (DSE) isolates in the roots of wild-heather plants, which are capable of improving plants’ phosphorus nutrition levels. Bright-field and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used for the visualization of endophytes. A model system of co-cultivation with Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait. was used to study a fungal isolate’s ability to supply plants with phosphorus. Fungal phytase activity and phosphorus content in plants were estimated spectrophotometrically. In V. vitis-idaea L. roots, we obtained a Phialocephala fortinii Wang, Wilcox DSE2 isolate with acid phytase activity (maximum 6.91 ± 0.17 U on 21st day of cultivation on potato-dextrose broth medium) and the ability to accumulate polyphosphates in hyphae cells. The ability of the isolate to increase both phosphorus accumulation and biomass in V. macrocarpon is also shown. The data obtained for the same isolate, as puzzle pieces put together, indicate the possible mediation of P. fortinii DSE2 isolate in the process of phosphorus intake from inorganic soil reserves to plants.
49
Fang, Yuan, Christopher Wilson, and Dimitrios Katehis. "Side Stream Phosphorus Removal/Recovery–Breaking Loop of Phosphorus in EBPR Plants." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2013, no. 12 (January 1, 2013): 4195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864713813685746.
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McDowell, Richard W., Andrew N. Sharpley, James R. Crush, and Tara Simmons. "Phosphorus in pasture plants: potential implications for phosphorus loss in surface runoff." Plant and Soil 345, no. 1-2 (December 30, 2010): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0687-5.