Academic literature on the topic 'Phosphates'

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Journal articles on the topic "Phosphates"

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Nignan, Iliassou, Jean Ouedraogo, Satoshi Nakamura, Idriss Serme, and Kalifa Coulibaly. "Effets du mode d’application d’engrais phosphatés (CBKCa et TSP) sur la productivité du mil (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br) au centre ouest du Burkina Faso." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 17, no. 6 (January 18, 2024): 2312–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i6.14.

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La distance d’application des phosphatés pourrait influencer la réponse des cultures à la fertilisation phosphatée due à la faible mobilité du phosphore. Ainsi, une étude a été conduite en 2021 et 2022 à Saria, pour évaluer l’effet de la distance d’application de deux engrais phosphatés sur la productivité du mil. Se sont le Burkina Phosphate calciné enrichi en calcium (CBKCa) et triple super phosphate (TSP). Pour ce faire, un dispositif factoriel avec quatre répétitions a été installé. Les phosphates ont été appliquées sur les parcelles principales à trois distances d’application (0 ; 5 et 10 cm du collet du mil), sur les parcelles secondaires. 23 kg P2O5.ha-1 de ces engrais a été appliqués en combinaison avec du NKSB (37-14-6-1). Les résultats ont montré que quelle que soit l’année et indépendamment de la distance, le CBKCa et le TSP ont enregistré des valeurs moyennes identiques concernant les paramètres de croissance et la production de biomasse. L’application des phosphates, à 5 cm, a entraîné une augmentation significative du rendement en grain de 42% et 35% en 2021 par rapport à l’apport à 10 et 0 cm. En 2022, ces augmentations étaient de 111% et 33%. L’application de CBKCa à 5 cm pourrait être recommandée. The distance of application of phosphates could influence the response of crops to phosphate fertilization due to the low mobility of phosphorus. Thus, a study was conducted in 2021 and 2022 in Saria, to evaluate the effect of the distance of application of two phosphate fertilizers on millet productivity. These are Burkina Calcined Phosphate enriched with calcium (CBKCa) and triple super phosphate (TSP). To do this, a factorial design with four repetitions was installed. The phosphates were applied to the main plots at three application distances (0, 5 and 10 cm from the millet collar), to the secondary plots. 23 kg P2O5.ha-1 of these fertilizers was applied in combination with NKSB (37-14-6-1). The results showed that whatever the year and independently of the distance, CBKCa and TSP recorded identical average values regarding growth parameters and biomass production. The application of phosphates, at 5 cm, led to a significant increase in grain yield of 42% and 35% in 2021 compared to the application at 10 and 0 cm. In 2022, these increases were 111% and 33%. Application of CBKCa at 5 cm could be recommended.
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Wolschendorf, Frank, Maysa Mahfoud, and Michael Niederweis. "Porins Are Required for Uptake of Phosphates by Mycobacterium smegmatis." Journal of Bacteriology 189, no. 6 (January 5, 2007): 2435–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01600-06.

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ABSTRACT Phosphorus is an essential nutrient, but how phosphates cross the mycobacterial cell wall is unknown. Phosphatase activity in whole cells of Mycobacterium smegmatis was significantly lower than that in lysed cells, indicating that access to the substrate was restricted. The loss of the outer membrane (OM) porin MspA also reduced the phosphatase activity in whole cells compared to that in lysed cells. A similar result was obtained for M. smegmatis that overexpressed endogenous alkaline phosphatase, indicating that PhoA is not a surface protein, contrary to a previous report. The uptake of phosphate by a mutant lacking the porins MspA and MspC was twofold lower than that by wild-type M. smegmatis. Strikingly, the loss of these porins resulted in a severe growth defect of M. smegmatis on low-phosphate plates. We concluded that the OM of M. smegmatis represents a permeability barrier for phosphates and that Msp porins are the only OM channels for the diffusion of phosphate in M. smegmatis. However, phosphate diffusion through Msp pores is rather inefficient as shown by the 10-fold lower permeability of M. smegmatis for phosphate compared to that for glucose. This is likely due to the negative charges in the constriction zone of Msp porins. The phosphatase activity in whole cells of Mycobacterium bovis BCG was significantly less than that in lysed cells, indicating a similar uptake pathway for phosphates in slow-growing mycobacteria. However, porins that could mediate the diffusion of phosphates across the OM of M. bovis BCG and Mycobacterium tuberculosis are unknown.
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Asenjo, Ana, Lorena Rodríguez, and Nieves Villanueva. "Determination of phosphorylated residues from human respiratory syncytial virus P protein that are dynamically dephosphorylated by cellular phosphatases: a possible role for serine 54." Journal of General Virology 86, no. 4 (April 1, 2005): 1109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.80692-0.

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The 241 aa human respiratory synctyial virus (HRSV) Long strain P protein is phosphorylated at serines 116, 117 and/or 119, and 232. Phosphates added to these residues have slow turnover and can be detected in the absence of protein phosphatase inhibition. Inhibition of phosphatases PP1 and PP2A increases the level of phosphorylation at serines 116, 117 and/or 119, suggesting a more rapid turnover for phosphates added to these residues compared to that of S232. High-turnover phosphorylation is detected in the P-protein NH2-terminal region, mainly at S54 and, to a lesser extent, at S39, in the Long strain. When the P protein bears the T46I substitution (in the remaining HRSV strains), phosphates are added to S30, S39, S45 and S54. Phosphatase PP1 removes phosphate at residues in the central part of the P-protein molecule, whereas those in the NH2-terminal region are removed by phosphatase PP2A. The significance of the phosphorylation of the NH2-terminal region residues for some P-protein functions was studied. The results indicated that this modification is not essential for P-protein oligomerization or for its role in viral RNA synthesis. Nonetheless, dephosphorylation at S54 could facilitate P–M protein interactions that probably occur during the egress of viral particles.
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Jamroz, Dorota, Agnieszka Gajda-Janiak, Zbigniew Wzorek, Zygmunt Kowalski, and Janusz Kubizna. "Chemical and Biological Characteristics of Different Hydrated Monocalcium Phosphates for Broiler Chickens." Annals of Animal Science 12, no. 2 (March 1, 2012): 187–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10220-012-0016-4.

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Chemical and Biological Characteristics of Different Hydrated Monocalcium Phosphates for Broiler ChickensThree hydrated monocalcium phosphates differing in purity (with or without monetite, or monetite and calcite) and in crystalline structure were used in broiler chickens diets. The performance indices, concentration of Ca, P and Mg and activity of alkaline phosphatase in blood plasma, the content of these mineral elements in bones, and physico-mechanical parameters of femur and tibia bones were recorded. Body weight on 35th day of life, feed intake and mechanical parameters of bone quality were slightly affected by the type of phosphates used. Higher Ca and P concentration in blood was stated in chickens fed diets with greater purity of phosphates, but activity of alkaline phosphatase has increased with the admixture of monetite or calcite used in phosphates. The best parameters of bone quality were found in the treatment in which hydrated monocalcium phosphate (MCP) with admixture of monetite and calcite was applied. Higher concentration of both Ca and Mg in bone was determined in chickens fed diets with pure phosphates.
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de Groot, H., H. de Groot, and T. Noll. "Enzymic determination of inorganic phosphates, organic phosphates and phosphate-liberating enzymes by use of nucleoside phosphorylase-xanthine oxidase (dehydrogenase)-coupled reactions." Biochemical Journal 230, no. 1 (August 15, 1985): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2300255.

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Coupled enzyme assays are described for measuring inorganic phosphates, organic phosphates and phosphate-liberating enzymes in biological material. The assays all determine Pi by its reaction with inosine, catalysed by nucleoside phosphorylase; this yields ribose 1-phosphate and hypoxanthine. The hypoxanthine is oxidized to uric acid by xanthine oxidase, and may be measured either by the absorbance of the uric acid, or by the formazan formed when a tetrazolium salt is used as the oxidant. The coupled enzyme assays are characterized by high sensitivity, quantitative utilization of phosphates and stoichiometric formation of the measurable products, measurement at pH 6.0-8.5, determination of phosphates within a single analytical step, and continuous measurement of phosphohydrolase activity in a corresponding rate assay. Examples include determinations of substrates such as Pi, PPi and AMP, and of enzymes such as 5′-nucleotidase, inorganic pyrophosphatase and glucose-6-phosphatase. Directions for further examples are given.
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Tang, Xiaoyun, and David N. Brindley. "Lipid Phosphate Phosphatases and Cancer." Biomolecules 10, no. 9 (September 2, 2020): 1263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10091263.

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Lipid phosphate phosphatases (LPPs) are a group of three enzymes (LPP1–3) that belong to a phospholipid phosphatase (PLPP) family. The LPPs dephosphorylate a wide spectrum of bioactive lipid phosphates, among which lysophosphatidate (LPA) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) are two important extracellular signaling molecules. The LPPs are integral membrane proteins, which are localized on plasma membranes and intracellular membranes, including the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi network. LPPs regulate signaling transduction in cancer cells and demonstrate different effects in cancer progression through the breakdown of extracellular LPA and S1P and other intracellular substrates. This review is intended to summarize an up-to-date understanding about the functions of LPPs in cancers.
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Kidder, D. L., and K. Swett. "Basal Cambrian reworked phosphates from Spitsbergen (Norway) and their implications." Geological Magazine 126, no. 1 (January 1989): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800006166.

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AbstractSeveral phosphatic zones are associated with the oldest remains of shelly fossils on the arctic island of Spitsbergen. The phosphate occurs as reworked nodules and layers associated with a disconformity. A gap in the acritarch biostratigraphic record supports a hiatus associated with the phosphatic zone. Palaeogeographic positions for Svalbard, both (1) as a single unit, and (2) as three isolated parts prior to Caledonian tectonism are consistent with conditions favourable to at least minimal amounts of upwelling. However, upwelling may not have been a prerequisite for development of these phosphate deposits. These phosphates were deposited in a nearshore shelf environmnt which contrasts with the outer shelf setting of many modern and recent phosphate deposits.Geochemistry of the Lower Cambrian phosphates of Spitsbergen varies with the mode of phosphate occurrence. Concretionary phosphate clasts are chemically zoned such that their centres are enriched in P2O5 and CaO and are depleted in A12O3, SiO2, and K2O. Laminated and thinly bedded phosphate shows no chemical zonation within clasts. Phosphate cements are the most pure with respect to calcium phosphate.This thin phosphatic zone of Svalbard is minor when compared with thicker and richer Lower Cambrian phosphate deposits, particularly those in the Soviet Union, Southeast Asia, and Australia. Coupled with the near absence of phosphate in some extensive Proterozoic to Lower Palaeozoic successions (e.g. western North America), this emphasizes the fact that widespread Lower Cambrian phosphate deposition was unevenly distributed. Althouth the Upper Proterozoic and Lower Cambrian are characterized by enhanced phosphogenesis, palaeogeographic position was also apparently critical to deposition of phosphatic sediments.
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Klumpp, Susanne, Jan Hermesmeier, Dagmar Selke, Ralf Baumeister, Roland Kellner, and Josef Krieglstein. "Protein Histidine Phosphatase: A Novel Enzyme with Potency for Neuronal Signaling." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 22, no. 12 (December 2002): 1420–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.wcb.0000045041.03034.99.

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The importance of reversible phosphorylation for neuronal signaling and cell survival is well recognized. Knowledge in vertebrates, however, is so far limited to O-phosphates from serine, threonine, and tyrosine. The authors describe an enzyme acting on N-phosphates. It is the first protein histidine phosphatase identified in vertebrates. This histidine phosphatase is ubiquitously expressed in mammalian tissues including brain. Characterization and sequencing showed a yet unknown protein with no similarity to other phosphatases. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the homolog of this histidine phosphatase was exclusively expressed in neurons, suggesting a distinct role of reversible histidine phosphorylation in neuronal functions.
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Höer, A., and E. Oberdisse. "Inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate and inositol hexakisphosphate are inhibitors of the soluble inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate 3-phosphatase and the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate/1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate 5-phosphatase from pig brain." Biochemical Journal 278, no. 1 (August 15, 1991): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2780219.

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The influence of highly phosphorylated inositol phosphates on the Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 3-phosphatase enriched from the soluble fraction of pig brain was tested, using [5-32P]Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 as substrate. Both Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5 and InsP6 were very potent inhibitors of the Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 3-phosphatase. The Ki values were approximately 60 nM and approximately 3 nM for Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5 and InsP6 respectively. Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5 and InsP6 also inhibited the Ins(1,4,5)P3/Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 5-phosphatase. Using Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 as substrate, the Ki values were about 35 microM and 15 microM for Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5 and InsP6 respectively. The concentrations which led to a 50% inhibition of Ins(1,4,5)P3 (0.5 microM) degradation by the 5-phosphatase were about 20 and 10 microM for the pentakis- and hexakis-phosphate respectively. As the intracellular concentrations of Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5 and InsP6 are high (up to 60 microM) compared with those of the inositol trisphosphates and tetrakisphosphates, it is possible that the highly phosphorylated inositol phosphates act as regulators in the metabolism of Ca(2+)-mobilizing inositol phosphates.
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SUÁREZ, V. B., L. FRISÓN, M. Z. de BASÍLICO, M. RIVERA, and J. A. REINHEIMER. "Inhibitory Activity of Phosphates on Molds Isolated from Foods and Food Processing Plants." Journal of Food Protection 68, no. 11 (November 1, 2005): 2475–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-68.11.2475.

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Six commercial phosphates were evaluated for inhibition of the growth of 17 molds isolated from food sources. The assays were performed at neutral and natural (without pH adjustment) pH values, and the molds were streaked on plate count agar with added phosphates. Phosphate concentrations of 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% (wt/vol) were used, and the MIC was determined. The resistance of molds to phosphates depended on the species. At a neutral pH, Aspergillus ochraceus and Fusarium proliferatum were resistant to all phosphates at all concentrations assayed, and Byssochlamys nivea, Aureobasidium pullulans, and Penicillium glabrum were most sensitive. The most inhibitory phosphates were those with chain lengths greater than 15 phosphate units and the highest sequestering power. At natural pH values (resulting from dissolving the phosphate in the medium), inhibitory activity changed dramatically for phosphates that produced alkaline or acidic pH in the medium. Phosphates with alkaline pH values (sodium tripolyphosphate of high solubility, sodium tripolyphosphate, and sodium neutral pyrophosphate) were much more inhibitory than phosphates at a neutral pH, but sodium acid pyrophosphate (acidic pH) had decreased inhibitory activity. The results indicate that some phosphates could be used in the food industry to inhibit molds linked to food spoilage.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Phosphates"

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Keita, Ousainou Ansumana. "The synthesis of new phenylhydroxyiodonium phosphates from (diacetoxyiodobenzene) and dialkyl phosphates and their use in the α-phosphorylation of ketones to mono-ketol phosphates." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1197558427.

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Ashraf, Imran [Verfasser]. "Phosphate ageing in soil and bioavailability of aged phosphates / Imran Ashraf." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1081302763/34.

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Kong, Anne Mandy 1973. "Cloning and characterisation of a novel 72 kDa inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase." Monash University, Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/9036.

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Shekhar, Avinash. "REVERSION OF POLY-PHOSPHATES TO ORTHO-PHOSPHATES IN WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2202.

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Orthophosphates and polyphosphates are rarely present at significant levels in raw water source but are purposefully added to the water in various forms to inhibit corrosion, iron oxidation (red water), or calcium carbonate precipitation (scale formation). Orthophosphates serve as building blocks for polyphosphates, which includes structures in linear chain, branched chains (metaphosphate) and "glassy" polyphosphate polymers. The advantage of polyphosphates over ortho phosphates lies in the fact that they slowly revert to orthophosphates and thus provide corrosion inhibition action over longer period of time in distribution systems. A study was completed for Tampa Bay Water on water distribution systems in a changing water quality environment. Blended orthophosphates was used as one of the corrosion inhibitors to study its effects on metal release and thus justify its application in comparison to other corrosion inhibitors like orthophosphates, zinc orthophosphates and silicates. This work focuses on the study of reversion of polyphosphates to ortho phosphates. A first-order model was developed that quantifies reversion as a function of the hydraulic residence time and initial poly phosphate concentration. The same model was used in two different forms – one for the hybrid lines and the other for single material lines. The results from single material lines (estimated by a non linear least square regression using ANOVA) showed that the reversion rate was highest for galvanized pipe followed by unlined cast iron, lined cast iron and the lowest rate in PVC. The first-order reversion rate constant in PVC was almost two log orders less than galvanized line. A high first-order rate constant for the galvanized pipe could be attributed to a rougher surface, large surface area, reaction with the wall surface, pipe material or a combination of these effects. The results from the hybrid PDSs (estimated by an algebraic manipulation of the first-order reaction) substantially agree with the results obtained from the single material lines, with the exception of the PVC material. The data from the hybrid lines confirms that the reversion rate constant is greatest for exposure to galvanized pipe materials, but the hybrid data indicate that the rate constant associated with PVC is somewhat larger than the constants determined for either LCI or UCI. Once an overall first-order rate expression was established, efforts were made to find a relation between polyphosphate reversions with bulk water quality. None of the major water quality parameters were found to significantly affect the reversion. This observation may be attributable to a similar water quality over the study duration. A positive correlation was found between first-order reversion rate constant and temperature. An empirical equation (modified Arrhenius equation) that relates the first-order reversion rate constant with temperature was developed that showed a strong sensitivity to temperature. The results from this study could be used to predict the stability of polyphosphates in distribution systems with varying pipe materials and temperature.
M.S.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Environmental Engr MSEnvE
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Abderrahim, Mohamed Lofti. "Contribution de l'imagerie numérique à l'analyse des phosphates : application au bassin phosphate de Gafsa (Tunisie)." Saint-Etienne, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STET4015.

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Les techniques orientées vers le traitement des phosphates et en particulier celles relatives à la détermination de la fraction exploitable reposent actuellement sur deux procédés : l'examen au microscope et la détermination par des méthodes analytiques : chimique, physique et physico-chimique (spectrographie, rayon x, etc. ). On identifie ainsi les phases présentes (analyse qualitative) et on effectue un ensemble de mesures (analyse quantitative), tels que taille nombre de grains, pourcentage en phase, etc. Bien qu'ils fournissent des résultats satisfaisants, les deux procédés d'analyse cités ci-dessus sont très longs. Pour améliorer le temps d'exécution des analyses et éliminer la subjectivité de l'opérateur, nous proposons, dans ce mémoire, une méthode basée sur les techniques de l'imagerie numérique. Il s'agit généralement de méthodes connues du traitement de l'image qu'il conviendrait d'adapter à la spécificité de l'instrument. Cette méthode, non destructive, permet une analyse qualitative de l'échantillon de phosphate brut en lame mince, aboutissant à la différenciation des différentes phases minérales présentes et notamment la fraction phosphatée. Cette dernière sera ensuite quantifiée en utilisant les techniques de la reconstitution dans r#3 afin d'obtenir la répartition granulométrique de l'échantillon. Les étapes nécessaires pour cette analyse des données sont de conception originale puisqu'il n'existe pas à ce jour de travaux dans le domaine des techniques des phosphates pouvant être utilisés comme référence.
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Ahmadi, Kamran. "Cristallochimie de phosphates microporeux." Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT2372.

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Chopineaux, Anne-Paule. "Le problème posé par la présence des phosphates dans les eaux." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P102.

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Stock, Joseph R. "Synthesis of BIS(2.2,2-Trifluoroethyl) vinylphosphates." Connect to online version at OhioLINK ETD Connect to online version at Digital.Maag, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1989/4785.

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Raynaud, Sylvie. "Synthèse, frittage et propriétés mécaniques de phosphates de calcium dans le système hydroxyapatite - phosphate tricalcique." Limoges, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIMO0035.

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Des phosphates de calcium de rapport molaire ca/p compris entre 3/2 et 10/6 ont ete synthetises par precipitation en milieu aqueux. Les poudres sont monophasees de structure apatitique mais de stoechiometrie variable en calcium ca 1 0 x@ x(hpo 4) x(po 4) 6 x(oh) 2 x@ x (@ lacune, 0 x 1). Le rapport ca/p varie avec la temperature de synthese, il est maitrise par le controle precis de cette temperature. La calcination entre 400\c et 700\c fait diminuer la surface specifique des poudres sans densification par coalescence des particules. L'accroissement de la concentration en lacunes dans la structure augmente la vitesse de reduction d'aire. La phase apatitique se decompose a 700\c en hydroxyapatite hap et phosphate tricalcique tcp stoechiometriques. A la meme temperature, le frittage debute. Des composites biphases homogenes hydroxyapatite-phosphate tricalcique ont ete developpes par decomposition in situ de ces apatites et densifies en frittage sous charge. L'augmentation de la proportion de tcp (diminution du ca/p de la poudre) ralentit la densification. Les ceramiques elaborees au dessus de 1150\c sont particulierement fragiles avec une resistance a la rupture et une tenacite mediocres. Au cours du refroidissement, la variation de volume produite par la transformation allotropique / du tcp a 1150\c induit des contraintes residuelles nefastes aux proprietes mecaniques. Pour les materiaux densifies en dessous de 1150\c le tcp en proportion minoritaire renforce la matrice hap. La resistance atteint le double de celle de l'hap pour un composite contenant 10% en masse de tcp (ca/p = 1,65). De faibles variations de composition entrainent une chute significative des proprietes. Le rapport ca/p des poudres doit etre connu et maitrise avec precision. L'analyse quantitative par diffraction des rayons x est la methode la plus precise pour determiner ce parametre. L'incertitude relative mesuree sur le rapport ca/p n'excede pas 0,4% alors qu'elle atteint 2,5% en analyse chimique.
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Prévôt, Liliane. "Geochemistry, petrography, genesis of Cretaceous-Eocene phosphorites : the Ganntour deposit, Morocco : a type example /." Paris : Société géologique de France, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35430903w.

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Texte traduit de: Th. Etat--Sci. nat.--Strasbourg 1, 1988. Titre de soutenance : Géochimie et pétrographie de la formation à phosphate des Ganntour, Maroc ; utilisation pour une explication de la genèse des phosphorites crétacé-éocènes.
Résumé en français. Bibliogr. p. 210-218.
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Books on the topic "Phosphates"

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Menon, R. G. Compaction of phosphate rocks with soluble phosphates: An alternative technology to partial acidulation of phosphate rocks with low reactivity : IFDC experience. Muscle Shoals, Ala., U.S.A: International Fertilizer Development Center, 1996.

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Burnett, John L. Mineral commodity report, phosphate rock. Sacramento, Calif: California Dept. of Conservation, Division of Mines and Geology, 1985.

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Z, Serazetdinov D., ed. Kompleksnai͡a︡ pererabotka fosforitov i fiziko-khimicheskie issledovanii͡a︡ neorganicheskikh materialov. Alma-Ata: "Gylym", 1991.

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Burnett, John L. Mineral commodity report, phosphate rock. Sacramento, Calif: California Dept. of Conservation, Division of Mines and Geology, 1985.

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Karray, Bourane Zenaïdi. Le marché mondial des phosphates et des engrais phosphatés. 2nd ed. Paris: Economica, 1987.

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Spence, Hugh S. Investigation of a reported discovery of phosphate in Alberta. Ottawa: Govt. Print. Bureau, 1997.

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Miller, Gregory J., ed. Inositol Phosphates. New York, NY: Springer US, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0167-9.

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Slansky, Maurice. Geology of sedimentary phosphates. Oxford: North Oxford Academic, 1985.

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Slansky, Maurice. Geology of sedimentary phosphates. London: North Oxford Academic, 1986.

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Freeman, D. B. Phosphating and metal pre-treatment: A guide to modern processes and practice. Cambridge: Woodhead-Faulkner in association with Pyrene Chemical Services Ltd., 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Phosphates"

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Hughes, John M., and John Rakovan. "1. The Crystal Structure of Apatite, Ca5(PO4)3(F,OH,Cl)." In Phosphates, edited by Matthew J. Kohn, John Rakovan, and John M. Hughes, 1–12. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501509636-004.

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Pan, Yuanming, and Michael E. Fleet. "2. Compositions of the Apatite-Group Minerals: Substitution Mechanisms and Controlling Factors." In Phosphates, edited by Matthew J. Kohn, John Rakovan, and John M. Hughes, 13–50. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501509636-005.

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Rakovan, John. "3. Growth and Surface Properties of Apatite." In Phosphates, edited by Matthew J. Kohn, John Rakovan, and John M. Hughes, 51–86. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501509636-006.

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Boatner, Lynn A. "4. Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Monazite, Pretulite, and Xenotime." In Phosphates, edited by Matthew J. Kohn, John Rakovan, and John M. Hughes, 87–122. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501509636-007.

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Huminicki, Danielle M. C., and Frank C. Hawthorne. "5. The Crystal Chemistry of the Phosphate Minerals." In Phosphates, edited by Matthew J. Kohn, John Rakovan, and John M. Hughes, 123–254. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501509636-008.

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Piccoli, Philip M., and Philip A. Candela. "6. Apatite in Igneous Systems." In Phosphates, edited by Matthew J. Kohn, John Rakovan, and John M. Hughes, 255–92. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501509636-009.

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Spear, Frank S., and Joseph M. Pyle. "7. Apatite, Monazite, and Xenotime in Metamorphic Rocks." In Phosphates, edited by Matthew J. Kohn, John Rakovan, and John M. Hughes, 293–336. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501509636-010.

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Pyle, Joseph M., Frank S. Spear, and David A. Wark. "8. Electron Microprobe Analysis of REE in Apatite, Monazite and Xenotime: Protocols and Pitfalls." In Phosphates, edited by Matthew J. Kohn, John Rakovan, and John M. Hughes, 337–62. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501509636-011.

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Knudsen, Andrew C., and Mickey E. Gunter. "9. Sedimentary Phosphorites—An Example: Phosphoria Formation, Southeastern Idaho, U.S.A." In Phosphates, edited by Matthew J. Kohn, John Rakovan, and John M. Hughes, 363–90. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501509636-012.

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Filippelli, Gabriel M. "10. The Global Phosphorus Cycle." In Phosphates, edited by Matthew J. Kohn, John Rakovan, and John M. Hughes, 391–426. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501509636-013.

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Conference papers on the topic "Phosphates"

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Tysnes, Q.-B., A. J. M. Verhoeven, G. M. Aarbakke, and H. Holmsen. "Phosphoinositide metabolism in resting and thrombin-stimulated human platelets: Evidence for metabolic homogeneity." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644517.

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On the basis of differences in specific radioactivity (SA), separate pools of phosphoinositides have recently been proposed in platelets. Human platelets were labelled for 60 min with [32p]p- and subsequently transferred to a phosphate- and Ca2+free Tyrode’s solution by gel-filtration. Thereafter, the platelets were either incubated at 37°C for 120 min, a condition which induces increase in specific labelling of the diester phosphate of phosphatitylinositol (PI), or stimulated with 0.5 U/ml of thrombin. The changes in SA of both diester and monoester phosphates of the phosphoinositides were detrmined. Immediately after the gel filtration, the SA of the diester phosphate of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PIP) and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) were both similar to that of PI and amounted to 4% or the SA of the monoester groups of PIP and PIP2- Whereas the SA of the monoester phosphate essentially remained constant and the same for PIP and PIP2 during the entire incubation, the SA of their diester phosphates increased gradually in parallel to that of PI, and reached 20% of the monoster groups after 120 min. The effect of thrombin was studied at 15, 60 and 180 sec after the addition. The absolute radioactivity of both diester and monoester phosphates of all phosphoinositides increased conciderably after an initial decrease. However, for the monoester groups, the changes in radioactivity were parallelled by the changes in mass for both PIP and PIP2. Thrombin therefore induced no changes in SA of the monoester phosphates. In contrast, the SA of the diester phosphates increased 5-fold and remained similar for all three phosphoinositides during the 180 sec of stimulation.In conclusion, our results demonstrate close metabolic equilibrium between all three phosphoinositides.Thrombin-induced changes in SA of PIP and PIP2 are purely secondary to changes in specific labelling of the diester phosphate.
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Holmsen, Holm, Adrie J. M. Verhoeven, Ole-Bjørn Tysnes, Grethe M. Aarbakke, and Carol A. Cook. "TURNOVER OF THE PHOSPHOMONOESTER GROUPS OF POLYPHOSPHOINOSITIDES IN UNSTIMULATED HUMAN PLATELETS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643808.

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The metabolic activity of the polyphosphoinositides in unstimulated human platelets was studied by 1) short-term labelling with 32P-Pi, 2) by replacement of PP. from pre-labelled platelets with unlabelled phosphate and 3) by depriving the cells of metabolic ATP. Under short-term labelling conditions, the 4- and 5-phosphates of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PIP2) and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) had the same specific radioactivity as the γ-phosphate of metabolic ATP. The specific radioactivity of the 1-phosphates of phosphatidylinositol, PIP and PIP2 was similar but only 4-13 % as compared to the γ phosphate of ATP. When 32P-Pi. pre-labelled platelets were incubated with up to 25 mA of unlabelled phosphate, the displacement of the P-label from PIP, PIP2 and metabolic ATP followed similar kinetics. Inhibition of ATP regeneration in 32P-Pi pre-labelled platelets resulted in a rapid fall in metabolic ATP with much slower fall in 32P-PIP. 32P-PIP increased initially and decreased thereafter in parallel with PIP2. However, ATP turnover was not abolished, as indicated by the marked (25 % of the control) incorporation of extracellular 32P-Pi. into PIP and PIP2 in metabolically inhibited platelets. This low phosphate turnover may explain the relative resistance of PIP and PIP2 to metabolic inhibition.We conclude that PIP and PIP2 are present as a single metabolic pool in human platelets. Turnover of the 4- and 5-phosphates of PIP and PIP2 in unstimulated platelets is as rapid as that of the γ- Phosphate of metabolic ATP, and accounts for about 7 % of basal ATP consumption.
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Fomenko, Alexandra Ivanovna. "ÉTUDE DE L'ADSORPTION DES PHOSPHATES DES EAUX USÉES PAR LES CENDRES COMBUSTIBLES." In Themed collection of papers from Foreign International Scientific Conference «Science and innovation in the framework of the strategic partnership between Algeria and Russia» by HNRI «National development» in cooperation with the University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene. April 2024. Crossref, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/240425.2024.25.20.011.

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The results of a study of the adsorption purification of aqueous solutions from phosphates using fuel ash formed during the combustion of solid fuels as an adsorbent are presented (waste from the processing of wood, coal) are presented. The degree of extraction of phosphate ions from aqueous solutions on the presented adsorbents, the specific surface area, and the adsorption capacity were experimentally determined. It has been shown that in relation to phosphate ions, wood ash is a more effective adsorbent compared to coal ash. Les résultats de l'étude sur la purification par adsorption de solutions aqueuses à partir de phosphates en utilisant comme adsorbant les cendres combustibles produites par la combustion de combustibles solides (déchets de traitement du bois, houille). Le degré d'extraction des ions phosphate à partir de solutions aqueuses sur les adsorbants présentés, la surface spécifique, la capacité d'adsorption ont été déterminés expérimentalement. Il a été démontré qu'en ce qui concerne les ions phosphate, les cendres de bois par rapport aux cendres de charbon de bois sont un adsorbant plus efficace.
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Žižić, Milan V., Miroslav Z. Živić, Kristina D. Atlagić, Maja A. Karaman, and Joanna Zakrzewska. "INFLUENCE OF VANADIUM ON THE GROWTH AND METABOLISM OF COPRINELLUS TRUNCORUM FUNGAL MYCELIUM." In 1st INTERNATIONAL Conference on Chemo and BioInformatics. Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/iccbi21.304z.

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Fungi could absorb heavy metals, metalloids, or radionuclides, thus fungal species possess great potential in bioremediation. Since fungi absorb the vanadium, in the present study ability of Coprinellus truncorum mycelia for vanadate uptake and its intracellular metabolism were investigated. The submerged cultivated C. truncorum was exposed to a rising concentration of vanadate. 31P NMR spectroscopy was used to investigate phosphate metabolism of the mycelium, while the status of vanadium in the cell was followed by 51V NMR spectroscopy. The mycelium could grow, and overcome vanadate presence, up to the concentration of 1.6 mM in the submerged medium. 31P NMR measurements pointed out that vanadate induced changes in the concentration of the crucial metabolite containing phosphorus, particularly sugar phosphates. The major result of vanadate action is evinced through an appearance of a signal positioned at around 2.8 ppm, and an increased signal of hexose- phosphates. Using 51V NMR spectroscopy the presence of vanadate monomer in the mycelia of the fungal cell was confirmed.
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Besirske, Patricia, Arianna Menichetti, Marco Montalti, Juan Manuel García-Ruiz, Johannes Boneberg, and Helmut Cölfen. "New Ways of Crystallizing Calcium Phosphates." In Goldschmidt2022. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2022.9630.

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Cobban, Robert R. "Iron Phosphates of Cripple Creek, Colorado." In 8th Annual New Mexico Mineral Symposium. Socorro, NM: New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.58799/nmms-1987.91.

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Staszel, Kacper, and Maciej Manecki. "Coprecipitation of Ce with lead phosphates." In Goldschmidt2023. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2023.16817.

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Amamoto, Ippei, Hirohide Kofuji, Munetaka Myochin, Tatsuya Tsuzuki, Yasushi Takasaki, Tetsuji Yano, and Takayuki Terai. "Separation of Lanthanoid Phosphates From the Spent Electrolyte of Pyroprocessing." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16265.

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This study is carried out to make the pyroprocessing hold a competitive advantage from the viewpoint of environmental load reduction and economical improvement. As one of the measures is to reduce the volume of the high-level radioactive waste, the phosphate conversion method is applied for removal of fission products from the melt as spent electrolyte in this paper. Though the removing target elements in the medium are alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and lanthanoid elements, only lanthanoid elements and lithium form the insoluble phosphates by reaction with Li3PO4 or K3PO4. Therefore, as the first step, the precipitation experiment was carried out to observe the behaviours of elements which form the insoluble precipitates as double salts other than simple salts. Then the filtration was experimented to remove lanthanoid precipitates in the spent electrolyte using Fe2O3-P2O5 glass system as a filtlation medium which is compatible material with the glassification. The result of separation of lanthanoid precipitates by filtration was effective and attained almost 100%.
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Molina, Luis, y. Vedia, and Eduardo G. Lapetina. "ENZYMES THAT DEPHOSPHORYLATE INOSITOL PHOSPHATES IN HUMAN PLATELETS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644522.

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Inositol trisphosphate (IP3) is now recognized as a second messenger molecule that mobilizes Ca2+ from intracellular stores to the cytosol. The persistence of the action of IP3 depends on the specific phosphatase that converts IP3 to inositol bisphosphate (IP2). The activation of IP3 phosphatase is important in terminating the Ca2+ signal in stimulated cells. In platelets it has previously been shown that this enzyme is regulated by protein kinase C since it is stimulated by phorbol esters and 1,2-diacylglycerol (Molina y Vedia, L., and Lapetina, E.G. J. Biol Chem. 261, 10493-10495, 1986) and the cytosolic platelet enzyme is phosphorylated by brain protein kinase C, resulting in a 4-fold increase in IP3 phosphatase activity (Connolly, T. M., Lawing, W.J., Jr., and Majerus, P.W., Cell, 46, 951-958, 1986). We have studied the subcellular distribution of the phosphatases that hydrolyze IP3, IP2 and inositol monophosphate (IP) in human platelets. Three subcellular fractions were obtained from human platelets lysed by freezing and thawing: a cytosolic fraction, a membrane fraction and a mixed particulate fraction containing granules, mitochondria and membranes. These fractions have been characterized by specific marker enzymes. The highest specific activity of IP3 -phosphatase is associated with the membrane fraction and accounts for about 10-15% of the total activity. The mixed particulate fraction has 35-40% of the activity while about 50% is cytosolic. The Km of the membrane fraction enzyme is 100 μM. This enzyme is extracted by 1M NaCl and hydrodynamic studies revealed a molecular weight of 50 kDa. The NaCl extracted-enzyme has been further purified by hydrophobic and gel filtration chromatographies. This activity does not hydrolyses IP but hydrolyse IP2 at a lower rate. The enzyme that hydrolyses IP to inositol is confined to the cytosolic fraction, has a Km of 130 μM, is inhibited by Li+, and hydrodynamic studies show an apparent molecular weight of 91 kDa.
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Xu, J. L., K. A. Khor, Y. W. Gu, and P. Cheang. "Inductively Coupled Plasma Processing of Nano-Sized Calcium Phosphate Powders." In ITSC2004, edited by Basil R. Marple and Christian Moreau. ASM International, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2004p0843.

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Abstract A novel thermal plasma process, based on inductively coupled plasma torch is employed for producing nano-sized calcium phosphate powders from spray-dried hydroxyapatite (HA) feedstock. The phases during plasma process of HA feedstock under different working conditions have been studied. It is revealed that amorphous calcium phosphate is predominant in the nano-sized powders. HA, α-TCP and CaO are also detected in the nano-sized powders. After heat treatment at 800 °C in air, β-Ca2P2O7 (β-DCP) and HA are found to dominate in the powders. The presence of β-DCP is attributed to the HA feedstock directly decomposed into DCP in the plasma flame, and this phase formed amorphous calcium phosphates region by the rapid quenching process. This region crystallized into β-DCP after heat treatment.
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Reports on the topic "Phosphates"

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Raghothama, Kashchandra G., Avner Silber, and Avraham Levy. Biotechnology approaches to enhance phosphorus acquisition of tomato plants. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7586546.bard.

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Abstract: Phosphorus is one of the least available macronutrient in the soil. The high affinity phosphate transporters are known to be associated with phosphate acquisition under natural conditions. Due to unique interactions of phosphate with soil particles, up to 80% of the applied phosphates may be fixed forcing the farmers to apply 4 to 5 times the fertilizers necessary for crop production. Efficient uptake and utilization of this essential nutrient is essential for sustainability and profitability of agriculture. Many predictions point to utilization/exhaustion of high quality phosphate rocks within this century. This calls for efforts to improve the ability of plants to acquire and utilize limiting sources of phosphate in the rhizosphere. Two important molecular and biochemical components associated with phosphate efficiency are phosphate transporters and phosphatases. This research project is aimed at defining molecular determinants of phosphate acquisition and utilization in addition to generating phosphate uptake efficient plants. The main objectives of the project were; Creation and analysis of transgenic tomato plants over-expressing phosphatases and transporters Characterization of the recently identified members (LePT3 and LePT4) of the Pi transporter family Generate molecular tools to study genetic responses of plants to Pi deficiency During the project period we have successfully identified and characterized a novel phosphate transporter associated with mycorrhizal symbiosis. The expression of this transporter increases with mycorrhizal symbiosis. A thorough characterization of mutant tomato lacking the expression of this gene revealed the biological significance of LePT3 and another novel gene LePT4. In addition we have isolated and characterized several phosphate starvation induced genes from tomato using a combination of differential and subtractive mRNA hybridization techniques. One of the genes, LePS2 belongs to the family of phospho-protein phosphatase. The functionality of the recombinant protein was determined using synthetic phosphor-peptides. Over expression of this gene in tomato resulted in significant changes in growth, delay in flowering and senescence. It is anticipated that phospho-protein phosphatase may have regulatory role in phosphate deficiency responses of plants. In addition a novel phosphate starvation induced glycerol 3-phosphate permease gene family was also characterized. Two doctoral research students are continuing the characterization and functional analysis of these genes. Over expression of high affinity phosphate transporters in tobacco showed increased phosphate content under hydroponic conditions. There is growing evidence suggesting that high affinity phosphate transporters are crucial for phosphate acquisition even under phosphate sufficiency conditions. This project has helped train several postdoctoral fellows and graduate students. Further analysis of transgenic plants expressing phosphatases and transporters will not only reveal the biological function of the targeted genes but also result in phosphate uptake and utilization efficient plants.
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Chandler, F. W., and R. L. Christie. Gîtes stratiformes de phosphates. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/207953.

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Clearfield, Abraham. Organic Derivatives of Layered Group (4) Phosphates. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada201080.

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Moss, Robert A. Cleavage of Phosphates, Phosphonates, Phosphonothioates, and Phosphodiesters. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada416192.

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Sales, B. C., L. A. Boatner, B. C. Chakoumakos, J. C. McCallum, J. O. Ramey, and R. A. Zuhr. Structural analysis of amorphous phosphates using high performance liquid chromatography. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10111962.

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X. Shari Li, W. Yantasee A.R. Courtney, and S.V. Mattigod. TEMPLATED SYNTHESIS OF MESOPOROUS TITANIUM PHOSPHATES FOR THE SEQUESTRATION OF RADIONUCLIDES. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/884953.

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Sasaki, D. Y., T. M. Alam, and R. A. Assink. Synthetic molecular receptors for phosphates and phosphonates in sol-gel materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/563827.

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Shamsutdinov, Artem, Igor Valtsifer, and Yan Huo. The manufacturing of fire-extinguishing powder materials with specific morphology and hydrophobicity of ammonium phosphates particles. Peeref, July 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54985/peeref.2307p9690323.

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Ewing, R. C. Radiation effects and annealing kinetics in crystalline silicates, phosphates and complex Nb-Ta-Ti oxides. FInal Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/459761.

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Cruz Barrera, Mauricio, Martha Isabel Gómez, Carlos Andrés Moreno, and Bettina Eichler Loberman. Strains of Trichoderma spp. and their Capacity to Mobilize Phosphorus. Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.reporte.2016.63.

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Soil microorganisms enhance the plant availability of phosphorus (P). This ability is related to the production of organic acids and the activity of phosphatases. It is assumed that the production of organic acids solubilize insoluble phosphate forms to usable form such as orthophosphate, increasing its potential availability to plants (Vázquez et al. 2000). Filamentous fungi such as Trichoderma sp. have advantages in acid soils presenting morphological and metabolic characteristics that make them promising organisms (Nahas, 1996; Vera et al, 2002). On the other hand, inoculation of soil with phosphate solubilizing fungi has been shown to increase yields in crops like maize and wheat (Singh and Reddy, 2011), beans (Wahid and Mehana, 2000), chickpea (Kapri and Tewari, 2010).
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