To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Phonotactic analysis.
Journal articles on the topic 'Phonotactic analysis'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Phonotactic analysis.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
BERG, THOMAS, and CHRISTIAN KOOPS. "Phonotactic constraints and sub-syllabic structure: A difficult relationship." Journal of Linguistics 51, no. 1 (June 18, 2014): 3–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002222671400022x.
Full textAbstract:
Of late, a controversy has arisen over the internal structure of Korean syllables. While there is general agreement that non-phonotactic criteria argue for left-branching, Lee & Goldrick's (2008) left-branching phonotactic analysis is contradicted by Berg & Koops's (2010) claim as to a phonotactically symmetrical syllable structure. A comparison of the methodologies of the two studies, a revisit of the previous data and a new analysis cement the conclusion that there is neither a left-branching nor a right-branching phonotactic effect in Korean syllables. An investigation of the phonotactic structure of Finnish CVC syllables, which exhibit a psycholinguistic left-branching bias much like Korean, reveals that word-initial syllables possess a largely symmetrical organization whereas word-final syllables tend to show a right-branching slant. This curious set of results is consistent with the following three hypotheses: (i) The phonotactic criterion has an inherent VC bias. (ii) Symmetrical syllable structures represent a compromise between left- and right-branching effects. (iii) The strength of phonotactic constraints increases from earlier to later portions of words. The bottom line of this analysis is that, contra all previous claims, phonotactic constraints cannot be used as an argument for sub-syllabic constituency. We discuss the proposal that the basis of the left-branching bias in Korean syllables is instead to be found in the high degree of coarticulation between the onset consonant and the following vowel.
2
HUBER, Daniel, and Daniel HUBER. "On the chronology of the changes to Proto-Tai initial clusters *pl-, *ml-, *kl- in Northern Tai*." Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale 39, no. 2 (2010): v—155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1960602810x00016.
Full textAbstract:
Reflexes of Proto-Tai initial clusters *pl-, *ml-, *kl- show a rich array of forms across modem Northern Tai, and these forms are worth studying for their phonotactic patterns. These lenitions to pj-, mj-, kj-, or py-, my-, ky-, or eventual palatalizations to tʃ- in Northern Tai are not extensively discussed in the literature: Li (1977) offers some crucial data but with little analysis, Qin (1997) offers further data with a chronology of the changes. It is precisely Qin's chronology that this paper challenges. The paper offers a chronology that is more plausible based on Qin's data and cross-linguistic evidence as well as Northern Tai phonotactics.
3
Orzechowska, Paula. "In search of phonotactic preferences." Yearbook of the Poznan Linguistic Meeting 2, no. 1 (September 1, 2016): 167–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/yplm-2016-0008.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The objective of this contribution is to provide an analysis of consonant clusters based on the assumption that phonotactic preferences are encoded in phonological features of individual segments forming a cluster. This encoding is expressed by a set of parameters established for the following features: complexity, place of articulation, manner of articulation and voicing. On the basis of empirically observed tendencies of feature distribution and co-occurrence, novel phonotactic preferences for English word-initial consonant clusters are proposed. Statistical methods allow us to weigh the preferences and determine a ranking of phonological features in cluster formation.
4
Zukoff, Sam. "The Reduplicative System of Ancient Greek and a New Analysis of Attic Reduplication." Linguistic Inquiry 48, no. 3 (July 2017): 459–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ling_a_00250.
Full textAbstract:
The Ancient Greek perfect tense poses an interesting empirical puzzle involving reduplication. While consonant-initial roots display a phonologically regular alternation based on cluster type, vowel-initial roots display two distinct patterns whose distribution is not phonologically predictable. The reduplicative grammar that generates the consonantinitial patterns is directly compatible with the productive vowel-initial pattern, vowel lengthening. The minority vowel-initial pattern, “Attic reduplication,” both its shape and its distribution, can be explained as a phonotactic repair that operated at a prior stage of the language. This pattern was later reanalyzed, such that Attic reduplication is retained not as a phonotactic repair but through lexical indexation.
5
BAUER, LAURIE. "English phonotactics." English Language and Linguistics 19, no. 3 (August 4, 2015): 437–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674315000179.
Full textAbstract:
This article presents an analysis of the phonotactic structures of English presented inThe Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary, paying attention to morphological boundaries, the difference between stressed and unstressed syllables, the difference between native and non-native, and considering the distribution of vowels as well as consonants. The phonotactic status of names turns out to be unlike the status of other morphologically unanalysable words, and some new observations are made on consonant clusters as well as vowel sequences, which have previously been overlooked.
6
Orzechowska, Paula, and Paulina Zydorowicz. "Frequency effects and markedness in phonotactics." Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics 55, no. 1 (March 26, 2018): 157–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2019-0006.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In this paper, we take up the challenge of exploring the relationship between markedness and frequency in phonotactics. The study is based on word-initial and word-final consonant clusters in Polish and English. The aim of this study is threefold. First, we establish logarithmic frequencies for word-initial and final consonant clusters compiled from two resources, a dictionary (or paradigm) and a written corpus. Second, we examine the preferability status of clusters in three frequency bands (high, mid, low) in terms of two phonotactic principles, i.e. sonority and Net Auditory Distance. Finally, we test the correlations between degrees of markedness and frequency. The present paper extends our previous studies on comparative Polish–English phonotactics, where markedness and frequency constitute the core of the analysis. The study shows that there is no relationship between cluster markedness and its frequency. As to frequencies, Polish and English differ from each other with respect to the distribution of clusters in the dictionary list, while the disproportions are neutralized in usage.
7
David, Oana. "An Optimal Construction Morphology Approach to Augment Consonants in Kannada." Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society 39, no. 1 (December 16, 2013): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/bls.v39i1.3868.
Full textAbstract:
In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt:The current paper provides an analysis of optimal consonant augment selection in the South Dravidian language Kannada, which is primarily spoken in the south-east Indian state of Karnataka. Augment consonants (hereafter ACs) in Kannada appear between the stem and suffix in certain phonotactic environments. Of all ACs, a subset is constrained in terms of the phonotactic environment in which they may occur. They apply to both derivational and inflectional morphology, particularly (but not exclusively) of nouns, the latter of which will be the sole fo-cus of the current analysis.
8
Engstrand, Olle, and Diana Krull. "Simplification of phonotactic structures in unscripted Swedish." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 31, no. 1 (June 2001): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100301001049.
Full textAbstract:
Informal listening suggests that unscripted Swedish shows a tendency to produce alternating contoid and vocoid articulations which relate to more complex consonant and vowel structures at the phonological level. To test this hypothesis, two unscripted monologues and, for comparison, a careful text reading were analyzed. The speech material was segmented using criteria based on the so-called sonority hierarchy. The results largely corroborated the hypothesis in showing that contoid-vocoid units appeared considerably more frequently in unscripted speech than suggested by conventional phonotactic analysis, and that some reduction effects appeared more frequently in the unscripted than in the read speech. The possibility that this reflects an underlying articulatory organization of spontaneous speech in terms of typologically basic CV units is discussed.
9
Jaskuła, Krzysztof, and Jolanta Szpyra-Kozłowska. ""Wychódźc", "Pcim" i "Rzgów". Grupy spółgłoskowe w nazwach miejscowości w świetle fonotaktyki polskiej." Język Polski 100, no. 3 (October 2020): 43–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31286/jp.100.3.4.
Full textAbstract:
The paper undertakes an interesting and largely under-researched issue of initial and final consonant clusters in many Polish place names which are either unattested in common words or occur only in isolated cases, as illustrated by the examples provided in the title. The presentation of the relevant language data is followed by a brief description of the historical sources of such clusters which involve sound changes (e.g. disappearance of weak vowels, palatalization and segment metathesis), as well as borrowings from other languages and local dialects. Next, the discussion focuses on the place the names in question should occupy in the Polish phonotactic system. The authors argue that equating phonotactic well-formedness with structures attested in language and ill-formedness with those which are unattested is too simplistic. A solid analysis of the aforementioned issues requires a substantial modification and introduction of several subtler distinctions. They claim, therefore, that phonotactic restrictions form a scale, with well-formed and ill-formed sound sequences appearing at its extremities and with rare consonant clusters and those found only in place names and some borrowings located in the middle.
10
Wilson, Colin, and Gillian Gallagher. "Accidental Gaps and Surface-Based Phonotactic Learning: A Case Study of South Bolivian Quechua." Linguistic Inquiry 49, no. 3 (July 2018): 610–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ling_a_00285.
Full textAbstract:
The lexicon of a natural language does not contain all of the phonological structures that are grammatical. This presents a fundamental challenge to the learner, who must distinguish linguistically significant restrictions from accidental gaps ( Fischer-Jørgensen 1952 , Halle 1962 , Chomsky and Halle 1965 , Pierrehumbert 1994 , Frisch and Zawaydeh 2001 , Iverson and Salmons 2005 , Gorman 2013 , Hayes and White 2013 ). The severity of the challenge depends on the size of the lexicon ( Pierrehumbert 2001 ), the number of sounds and their frequency distribution ( Sigurd 1968 , Tambovtsev and Martindale 2007 ), and the complexity of the generalizations that learners must entertain ( Pierrehumbert 1994 , Hayes and Wilson 2008 , Kager and Pater 2012 , Jardine and Heinz 2016 ). In this squib, we consider the problem that accidental gaps pose for learning phonotactic grammars stated on a single, surface level of representation. While the monostratal approach to phonology has considerable theoretical and computational appeal ( Ellison 1993 , Bird and Ellison 1994 , Scobbie, Coleman, and Bird 1996 , Burzio 2002 ), little previous research has investigated how purely surface-based phonotactic grammars can be learned from natural lexicons (but cf. Hayes and Wilson 2008 , Hayes and White 2013 ). The empirical basis of our study is the sound pattern of South Bolivian Quechua, with particular focus on the allophonic distribution of high and mid vowels. We show that, in characterizing the vowel distribution, a surface-based analysis must resort to generalizations of greater complexity than are needed in traditional accounts that derive outputs from underlying forms. This exacerbates the learning problem, because complex constraints are more likely to be surface-true by chance (i.e., the structures they prohibit are more likely to be accidentally absent from the lexicon). A comprehensive quantitative analysis of the Quechua lexicon and phonotactic system establishes that many accidental gaps of the relevant complexity level do indeed exist. We propose that, to overcome this problem, surface-based phonotactic models should have two related properties: they should use distinctive features to state constraints at multiple levels of granularity, and they should select constraints of appropriate granularity by statistical comparison of observed and expected frequency distributions. The central idea is that actual gaps typically belong to statistically robust feature-based classes, whereas accidental gaps are more likely to be featurally isolated and to contain independently rare sounds. A maximum-entropy learning model that incorporates these two properties is shown to be effective at distinguishing systematic and accidental gaps in a whole-language phonotactic analysis of Quechua, outperforming minimally different models that lack features or perform nonstatistical induction.
11
Hall, Kathleen Currie, J. Scott Mackie, and Roger Yu-Hsiang Lo. "Phonological CorpusTools." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 24, no. 4 (November 1, 2019): 522–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.18009.hal.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Phonological analysis increasingly involves the quantification of various lexical and/or usage statistics, such as phonotactic probabilities, the functional loads of various phonemic contrasts, or neighbourhood densities. This paper presents Phonological CorpusTools, a free, open-source software for conducting such phonological analyses on transcribed corpora. The motivations for creating the software are given, along with an overview of the structure of the program, its analysis algorithms, and its applications within phonology.
12
MAEKAWA, JUNKO, and HOLLY L. STORKEL. "Individual differences in the influence of phonological characteristics on expressive vocabulary development by young children." Journal of Child Language 33, no. 3 (August 2006): 439–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000906007458.
Full textAbstract:
The current study attempts to differentiate effects of phonotactic probability (i.e. the likelihood of occurrence of a sound sequence), neighbourhood density (i.e. the number of phonologically similar words), word frequency, and word length on expressive vocabulary development by young children. Naturalistic conversational samples for three children (age 1;4–3;1) were obtained from CHILDES. In a backward regression analysis, phonotactic probability, neighbourhood density, word frequency, and word length were entered as possible predictors of ages of first production of words for each child. Results showed that the factors affecting first production of words varied across children and across word types. Specifically, word length affected ages of first production for all three children, whereas the other three variables affected only one child each. The implications of these findings for models of expressive vocabulary development are discussed.
13
Maguire, Warren, Rhona Alcorn, Benjamin Molineaux, Joanna Kopaczyk, Vasilios Karaiskos, and Bettelou Los. "Charting the rise and demise of a phonotactically motivated change in Scots." Folia Linguistica 40, no. 1 (July 26, 2019): 37–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/flih-2019-0003.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Although Old English [f] and [v] are represented unambiguously in Older Scots orthography by <f> and <v> (or <u>) in initial and morpheme-internal position, in morpheme-final position <f> and <v>/<u> appear to be used interchangeably for both of these Old English sounds. As a result, there is often a mismatch between the spellings and the etymologically expected consonant. This paper explores these spellings using a substantial database of Older Scots texts, which have been grapho-phonologically parsed as part of the From Inglis to Scots (FITS) project. Three explanations are explored for this apparent mismatch: (1) it was a spelling-only change; (2) there was a near merger of /f/ and /v/ in Older Scots; (3) final [v] devoiced in (pre-)Older Scots but this has subsequently been reversed. A close analysis of the data suggests that the Old English phonotactic constraint against final voiced fricatives survived into the pre-Literary Scots period, leading to automatic devoicing of any fricative that appeared in word-final position (a version of Hypothesis 3), and this, interacting with final schwa loss, gave rise to the complex patterns of variation we see in the Older Scots data. Thus, the devoicing of [v] in final position was not just a phonetically natural sound change, but also one driven by a pre-existing phonotactic constraint in the language. This paper provides evidence for the active role of phonotactic constraints in the development of sound changes, suggesting that phonotactic constraints are not necessarily at the mercy of the changes which conflict with them, but can be involved in the direction of sound change themselves.
14
Wedel, Andrew, Adam Ussishkin, and Adam King. "Incremental word processing influences the evolution of phonotactic patterns." Folia Linguistica 40, no. 1 (July 26, 2019): 231–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/flih-2019-0011.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractListeners incrementally process words as they hear them, progressively updating inferences about what word is intended as the phonetic signal unfolds in time. As a consequence, phonetic cues positioned early in the signal for a word are on average more informative about word-identity because they disambiguate the intended word from more lexical alternatives than cues late in the word. In this contribution, we review two new findings about structure in lexicons and phonological grammars, and argue that both arise through the same biases on phonetic reduction and enhancement resulting from incremental processing.(i) Languages optimize their lexicons over time with respect to the amount of signal allocated to words relative to their predictability: words that are on average less predictable in context tend to be longer, while those that are on average more predictable tend to be shorter. However, the fact that phonetic material earlier in the word plays a larger role in word identification suggests that languages should also optimize the distribution of that information across the word. In this contribution we review recent work on a range of different languages that supports this hypothesis: less frequent words are not only on average longer, but also contain more highly informative segments early in the word.(ii) All languages are characterized by phonological grammars of rules describing predictable modifications of pronunciation in context. Because speakers appear to pronounce informative phonetic cues more carefully than less informative cues, it has been predicted that languages should be less likely to evolve phonological rules that reduce lexical contrast at word beginnings. A recent investigation through a statistical analysis of a cross-linguistic dataset of phonological rules strongly supports this hypothesis. Taken together, we argue that these findings suggest that the incrementality of lexical processing has wide-ranging effects on the evolution of phonotactic patterns.
15
Ringler, Max, Walter Hödl, and Eva Ursprung. "Phonotactic approach pattern in the neotropical frog Allobates femoralis: A spatial and temporal analysis." Behaviour 146, no. 2 (2009): 153–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853909x410711.
Full text
16
Berg, Thomas, and Christian Koops. "The interplay of left- and right-branching effects: A phonotactic analysis of Korean syllable structure." Lingua 120, no. 1 (January 2010): 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lingua.2009.03.009.
Full text
17
Storkel, Holly L. "Methods for Minimizing the Confounding Effects of Word Length in the Analysis of Phonotactic Probability and Neighborhood Density." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 47, no. 6 (December 2004): 1454–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2004/108).
Full text
18
Baymurzaeva, G. B., and A. A. Akkieva. "Neologisms in the idiosyncratic speech of persons with a thinking disorder." Язык и текст 4, no. 2 (2017): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/langt.2017040206.
Full textAbstract:
The following study considers the question of neologism phenomena in idiosyncratic speech; neologisms as a component of idiosyncratic language of the speakers with thought disorder; the analysis of the methods and principles of neologisms’ formation by the means of word-formation; the analysis of neologisms’ word-formation in idiosyncratic speech of people with thought disorder and outline the common methods of neologisms’ formation in English language.The hypothesis is that neologisms in idiosyncratic speech can be formed not only by means of violation of phonotactic rules and phonological or semantic mistakes, but also by language’s common rules of neologism’s formation. The study is based on the records of oral speech and documented writing examples of neologisms’ usage in the speech of the patients with thought disorder.
19
Orzechowska, Paula, Janina Mołczanow, and Michał Jankowski. "Prosodically-conditioned Syllable Structure in English." Research in Language 17, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 167–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rela-2019-0001.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This paper investigates the interplay between the metrical structure and phonotactic complexity in English, a language with lexical stress and an elaborate inventory of consonant clusters. The analysis of a dictionary- and corpus-based list of polysyllabic words leads to two major observations. First, there is a tendency for onsetful syllables to attract stress, and for onsetless syllables to repel it. Second, the stressed syllable embraces a greater array of consonant clusters than unstressed syllables. Moreover, the farther form the main stress, the less likely the unstressed syllable is to contain a complex onset. This finding indicates that the ability of a position to license complex onsets is related to its distance from the prosodic head.
20
Orzechowska, Paula, Janina Mołczanow, and Michał Jankowski. "Prosodically-conditioned Syllable Structure in English." Research in Language 17, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 167–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1731-7533.17.2.04.
Full textAbstract:
This paper investigates the interplay between the metrical structure and phonotactic complexity in English, a language with lexical stress and an elaborate inventory of consonant clusters. The analysis of a dictionary- and corpus-based list of polysyllabic words leads to two major observations. First, there is a tendency for onsetful syllables to attract stress, and for onsetless syllables to repel it. Second, the stressed syllable embraces a greater array of consonant clusters than unstressed syllables. Moreover, the farther form the main stress, the less likely the unstressed syllable is to contain a complex onset. This finding indicates that the ability of a position to license complex onsets is related to its distance from the prosodic head.
21
Smirkou, Ahmed. "Sonority Principle in French Nominal Loanwords into Moroccan Arabic: An Optimality-theoretic Analysis." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 3, no. 10 (October 30, 2020): 54–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2020.3.10.7.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examines the adaptation of French nominal loans into Moroccan Arabic by adopting the framework of optimality theory. The focus is to unveil the phonological and morphological repair strategies enforced by the phonotactic constraints of the borrowing language to resolve sonority principle in complex codas. The investigated phonological strategy is schwa and a high vowel epenthesis. Schwa epenthesis is triggered to split final biconsonantal codas that violate sonority principle. In three consonantal coda clusters, schwa insertion is conditioned by the sonority value of the consonants, where it is consistently epenthesized before the most sonorous segment. A high vowel behaves differently; it is epenthesized in the final position without splitting the coda cluster, and enforces the cluster to be syllabified as an onset instead of a coda, and as such sonority principle is satisfied. It is also argued that the addition of the morphological marker {-a}, which is primarily morphologically driven, indirectly satisfies sonority principle; by doing so, it blocks the application of schwa or a high vowel epenthesis, which points to the fact that such phonological and morphological strategies conspire to satisfy sonority principle. The study also provides further support for the phonological stance on loanword adaptation.
22
ELLIS WEISMER, SUSAN, COURTNEY E. VENKER, JULIA L. EVANS, and MAURA JONES MOYLE. "Fast mapping in late-talking toddlers." Applied Psycholinguistics 34, no. 1 (October 13, 2011): 69–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716411000610.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTThis study investigated fast mapping in late-talking (LT) toddlers and toddlers with normal language (NL) development matched on age, nonverbal cognition, and maternal education. The fast-mapping task included novel object labels and familiar words. The LT group scored significantly lower than the NL group on novel word comprehension and production, as well as familiar word production. For both groups, fast-mapping performance was associated with concurrent language ability and later language outcomes. A post hoc analysis of phonotactic probability (PP) and neighborhood density (ND) suggested that the majority of NL toddlers displayed optimal learning of the nonword with low PP/ND. The LT group did not display the same sensitivity to PP/ND characteristics as the NL group.
23
Żygis, Marzena. "(Un)markedness of trills: the case of Slavic r-palatalisation." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 37 (January 1, 2004): 137–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.37.2004.592.
Full textAbstract:
This paper evaluates trills [r] and their palatalized counterparts [rj] from the point of view of markedness. It is argued that [r]s are unmarked sounds in comparison to [r]s which follows from the examination of the following parameters: (a) frequency of occurrence, (b) articulatory and aerodynamic characteristics, (c) perceptual features, (d) emergence in the process of language acquisition, (e) stability from a diachronic point of view, (f) phonotactic distribution, and (g) implications. Several markedness aspects of [r]s and [rj] are analyzed on the basis of Slavic languages which offer excellent material for the evaluation of trills. Their phonetic characteristics incorporated into phonetically grounded constraints are employed for a phonological OT-analysis of r-palatalization in two selected languages: Polish and Czech.
24
Vaden, Kenneth I., Tepring Piquado, and Gregory Hickok. "Sublexical Properties of Spoken Words Modulate Activity in Broca's Area but Not Superior Temporal Cortex: Implications for Models of Speech Recognition." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 23, no. 10 (October 2011): 2665–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2011.21620.
Full textAbstract:
Many models of spoken word recognition posit that the acoustic stream is parsed into phoneme level units, which in turn activate larger representations [McClelland, J. L., & Elman, J. L. The TRACE model of speech perception. Cognitive Psychology, 18, 1–86, 1986], whereas others suggest that larger units of analysis are activated without the need for segmental mediation [Greenberg, S. A multitier theoretical framework for understanding spoken language. In S. Greenberg & W. A. Ainsworth (Eds.), Listening to speech: An auditory perspective (pp. 411–433). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, 2005; Klatt, D. H. Speech perception: A model of acoustic-phonetic analysis and lexical access. Journal of Phonetics, 7, 279–312, 1979; Massaro, D. W. Preperceptual images, processing time, and perceptual units in auditory perception. Psychological Review, 79, 124–145, 1972]. Identifying segmental effects in the brain's response to speech may speak to this question. For example, if such effects were localized to relatively early processing stages in auditory cortex, this would support a model of speech recognition in which segmental units are explicitly parsed out. In contrast, segmental processes that occur outside auditory cortex may indicate that alternative models should be considered. The current fMRI experiment manipulated the phonotactic frequency (PF) of words that were auditorily presented in short lists while participants performed a pseudoword detection task. PF is thought to modulate networks in which phoneme level units are represented. The present experiment identified activity in the left inferior frontal gyrus that was positively correlated with PF. No effects of PF were found in temporal lobe regions. We propose that the observed phonotactic effects during speech listening reflect the strength of the association between acoustic speech patterns and articulatory speech codes involving phoneme level units. On the basis of existing lesion evidence, we interpret the function of this auditory–motor association as playing a role primarily in production. These findings are consistent with the view that phoneme level units are not necessarily accessed during speech recognition.
25
Gow, David W., and Bruna B. Olson. "Lexical mediation of phonotactic frequency effects on spoken word recognition: A Granger causality analysis of MRI-constrained MEG/EEG data." Journal of Memory and Language 82 (July 2015): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2015.03.004.
Full text
26
KIM, YOUNG-SUK. "Phonological awareness and literacy skills in Korean: An examination of the unique role of body-coda units." Applied Psycholinguistics 28, no. 1 (January 2007): 69–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s014271640707004x.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines a salient intrasyllabic phonological unit in Korean, the body-coda unit, its role in literacy skills in Korean, and a possible source of the salience of body-coda units in the spoken language. Data were collected from Korean-speaking, monolingual beginning readers (41 kindergarteners, 40 first graders). The results indicate that body-coda boundary (e.g.,ca-t) is more salient than onset–rime boundary (e.g.,c-at) for Korean children and show that children's body-coda awareness is an important predictor of word decoding and spelling in Korean. Furthermore, the analysis of phonological neighbors and frequency of syllable types suggests that a phonotactic feature in Korean, the frequency of consonant–verb syllable type, may be a possible source of the saliency of the body-coda intrasyllabic division for Korean children.
27
Hume, Elizabeth, and Misun Seo. "Metathesis in Faroese and Lithuanian: from speech perception to Optimality Theory." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 27, no. 1 (May 4, 2004): 35–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586504001143.
Full textAbstract:
Synchronic alternations involving similar types of consonant/consonant metathesis are examined in Faroese and Lithuanian from both formal and functional perspectives. It is argued that by taking into account speech perception-based phonotactic constraints, we are able to gain insight into why metathesis occurs. The proposed formal account of the process is of particular theoretical interest given the apparent opacity involving the interaction of metathesis and place assimilation in Faroese. While straightforward in a serial-based account, this type of opacity has posed a challenge to Optimality Theory requiring the inclusion of additional formal devices into the theory. As we show, however, by modifying one assumption concerning the realization of the sequence, this additional formal machinery is rendered unnecessary. Opacity involving Faroese metathesis turns out to be an artifact of a particular phonological analysis.
28
Hashim, Mona, Suzan Alamin, and Gertrud Schneider-Blum. "Arabic borrowings in Tima." Faits de Langues 51, no. 1 (November 25, 2020): 175–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19589514-05101011.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In this contribution, we look at Arabic borrowings in Tima, a Niger-Congo language spoken in the north-west of the Nuba Mountains (as well as in the Sudanese diaspora). Due to several factors, outlined in the paper, Arab culture has been exerting more and more influence on the Tima way of life, especially with regard to the Tima language, where we find – to varying degrees – Arabic lexemes, phrases and whole utterances. A detailed analysis of the phonotactic and morpho-phonological adaptation of Arabic borrowings is followed by a discussion on the socio-linguistic setting of language contact, i.e. essentially a contact between Arabic and Tima speakers. Eventually, as we argue, a repertoire approach seems the appropriate way to tackle the issue of language use in today’s Tima society.
29
Pöchtrager, Markus A. "Morphology made (too) simple? Phonological problems with and a solution to the analytic/non-analytic distinction." Acta Linguistica Academica 68, no. 1-2 (July 24, 2021): 2–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/2062.2021.00480.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis article addresses some shortcomings in the standard theory of the phonology-morphology interface within Government Phonology, which is built on the dichotomy of analytic/non-analytic morphology. I argue that many cases which had previously been thought to be analytic and therefore to require a cyclic application of phonology should be reinterpreted without: Many constructions that seemed to consist of domains inside domains are better understood without that internal structure. This alternative avoids some contradictory results of the standard model, which incorrectly precludes certain kinds of interactions between the nested domains. The reinterpretation also makes better sense of the phonological shape of (allegedly analytic) affixes by taking into account phonotactic possibilities of clusters with more than three consonants, which had so no far not received a satisfactory analysis in the Government Phonology literature.
30
Schraeyen, Kirsten, Wim Van der Elst, Astrid Geudens, Pol Ghesquière, and Dominiek Sandra. "Short-term memory problems for phonemes’ serial order in adults with dyslexia: Evidence from a different analysis of the Nonword repetition task." Applied Psycholinguistics 40, no. 03 (April 11, 2019): 613–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716418000759.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractMany studies show that poor readers make more errors in nonword repetition than better readers. Although this finding is generally linked to the lower quality of poor readers’ phonological representations in verbal short-term memory, the nature of this poor performance remains unclear. We addressed this issue by focusing on two types of phoneme-related performance in a nonword repetition task: (a) recall of phonemes irrespective of their serial order (phoneme identity) and (b) recall of correctly reproduced phonemes’ serial order (serial order). We tested 91 young adults with and without dyslexia. Generalized linear mixed-effects models demonstrated that controls outperformed individuals with dyslexia in the recall of phonemes’ serial order but failed to detect a difference in the recall of phonemes’ identity. These findings are discussed not only in terms of the nature of or access to phonological representations but also in terms of another concept that has recently been advanced in the literature: a specialized serial order mechanism in verbal short-term memory. We also consider the possibility that individuals with dyslexia may be less sensitive to phonotactic constraints.
31
Futrell, Richard, Adam Albright, Peter Graff, and Timothy J. O’Donnell. "A Generative Model of Phonotactics." Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics 5 (December 2017): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00047.
Full textAbstract:
We present a probabilistic model of phonotactics, the set of well-formed phoneme sequences in a language. Unlike most computational models of phonotactics (Hayes and Wilson, 2008; Goldsmith and Riggle, 2012), we take a fully generative approach, modeling a process where forms are built up out of subparts by phonologically-informed structure building operations. We learn an inventory of subparts by applying stochastic memoization (Johnson et al., 2007; Goodman et al., 2008) to a generative process for phonemes structured as an and-or graph, based on concepts of feature hierarchy from generative phonology (Clements, 1985; Dresher, 2009). Subparts are combined in a way that allows tier-based feature interactions. We evaluate our models’ ability to capture phonotactic distributions in the lexicons of 14 languages drawn from the WOLEX corpus (Graff, 2012). Our full model robustly assigns higher probabilities to held-out forms than a sophisticated N-gram model for all languages. We also present novel analyses that probe model behavior in more detail.
32
Morgan, Hope E., and Rachel I. Mayberry. "Complexity in two-handed signs in Kenyan Sign Language." New Methodologies in Sign Language Phonology: Papers from TISLR 10 15, no. 1 (August 29, 2012): 147–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sll.15.1.07mor.
Full textAbstract:
This paper investigates whether two-handed signs in Kenyan Sign Language, a relatively young school-based sign language, conform to the same constraints on combinations of movement and handshape that hold in other sign languages. An analysis of 467 two-handed signs, separated into four types based on complexity, found that KSL is highly constrained, with only a few signs that violate proposed conditions. Three hypotheses to account for handshape restrictions on the non-dominant hand in highly complex signs are tested. Findings show that a universal unmarked set accounts for most of these handshapes; a language-specific unmarked set does no better; and a constraint on markedness at the featural level essentially accounts for all the signs. Further analyses discover that a preference for unmarked handshapes in the most complex signs extends to all two-handed signs to some degree. Finally, a phonotactic preference for the G/1 handshape on the dominant hand in complex signs is uncovered. Some evidence suggests that this tendency may surface in other languages as well.
33
Jesus, Luis M. T., Ana Rita S. Valente, and Andreia Hall. "Is the Portuguese version of the passage ‘The North Wind and the Sun’ phonetically balanced?" Journal of the International Phonetic Association 45, no. 1 (March 30, 2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100314000255.
Full textAbstract:
There is no standard phonetically balanced short passage for Portuguese research and clinical practice. This paper presents results of a novel analysis of ‘The North Wind and the Sun’ (NWS) passage that aims to determine if it is phonetically balanced for European Portuguese (EP) and Brazilian Portuguese (BP), based on new transcriptions resulting from algorithms developed for grapheme–phone transcription in these two varieties of Portuguese. These algorithms (based on standard EP and São Paulo BP varieties) are the same as those used to collect the frequency data, which is central to determining if a text is phonetically balanced. Results showed that neither transcription violates phonotactic rules, i.e. permissible combinations of speech sounds. The NWS is not phonetically balanced for BP if the phonemes are considered individually but is evenly distributed in terms of manner of articulation. The EP version of the NWS passage is a phonetically balanced text for EP.
34
Ellis, Nick C. "Sequencing in SLA." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 18, no. 1 (March 1996): 91–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100014698.
Full textAbstract:
This paper provides an overview of sequencing in SLA. It contends that much of language acquisition is in fact sequence learning (for vocabulary, the phonological units of language and their phonotactic sequences: for discourse, the lexical units of language and their sequences in clauses and collocations). It argues that the resultant long-term knowledge base of language sequences serves as the database for the acquisition of language grammar. It next demonstrates that SLA of lexis, idiom, collocation, and grammar are all determined by individual differences in learners' ability to remember simple verbal strings in order. It outlines how interactions between short-term and long-term phonological memory systems allow chunking and the tuning of language systems better to represent structural information for particular languages. It proposes mechanisms for the analysis of sequence information that result in knowledge of underlying grammar. Finally, it considers the relations between this empiricist approach and that of generative grammar.
35
Cheng, Stella T. T., Gary Y. H. Lam, and Carol K. S. To. "Pitch Perception in Tone Language-Speaking Adults With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorders." i-Perception 8, no. 3 (June 2017): 204166951771120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2041669517711200.
Full textAbstract:
Enhanced low-level pitch perception has been universally reported in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). This study examined whether tone language speakers with ASD exhibit this advantage. The pitch perception skill of 20 Cantonese-speaking adults with ASD was compared with that of 20 neurotypical individuals. Participants discriminated pairs of real syllable, pseudo-syllable (syllables that do not conform the phonotactic rules or are accidental gaps), and non-speech (syllables with attenuated high-frequency segmental content) stimuli contrasting pitch levels. The results revealed significantly higher discrimination ability in both groups for the non-speech stimuli than for the pseudo-syllables with one semitone difference. No significant group differences were noted. Different from previous findings, post hoc analysis found that enhanced pitch perception was observed in a subgroup of participants with ASD showing no history of delayed speech onset. The tone language experience may have modulated the pitch processing mechanism in the speakers in both ASD and non-ASD groups.
36
FÉRY, CAROLINE. "Markedness, Faithfulness, Vowel Quality and Syllable Structure in French." Journal of French Language Studies 13, no. 2 (September 2003): 247–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959269503001121.
Full textAbstract:
The quality of vowels in French depends to a large extent on the kind of syllables they are in. Tense vowels are often in open syllables and lax vowels in closed ones. This generalisation, which has been called loi de position in the literature, is often overridden by special vowel-consonant co-occurrence restrictions obscuring this law. The article shows first that the admission of semisyllables in the phonology of French explains a large number of counterexamples. Many final closing consonants on the phonetic representation can be understood as onsets of following rime-less syllables, opening in this way the last full syllable. Arguments coming from phonotactic regularities support this analysis. The second insight of the article is that Optimality Theory is a perfect framework to account for the intricate data bearing on the relationship between vowels and syllable structure. The loi de position is an effect dubbed Emergence of the Unmarked, instantiated only in case no higher-ranking constraint renders it inactive.
37
Dahou, Sofia, and Jasmine Hamlin. "‘Ow Cockney is Beckham Twenty Years On? An Investigation into H-dropping and T-glottaling." Lifespans and Styles 2, no. 2 (August 5, 2006): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/ls.v2i2.2016.1610.
Full textAbstract:
This research paper examines how language change can occur across the lifespan through the linguistic analysis of East Londoner, and world renowned football player, David Beckham. Specifically, we look at his use of the consonantal variables of t-glottaling and h-dropping and how the frequency of these forms change over a 20-year period. We discuss the background of the linguistic phenomena under investigation and the common environments in which these non-standard variants are likely to occur. We also take a closer look at how the forms are being used in certain phonotactic environments, for example, word-medial and word-final positions, and the potential reasons behind them being less common when preceding or following certain sounds. We discuss some common theories associated with language change across the lifespan, using quantitative data to find trends and qualitative interpretation to suggest social causes for our findings. The paper allows us to critically evaluate language change theories, such as Labov’ s (1978) apparent time theory.In designing our study, we hypothesised that Beckham would be seen to undergo linguistic change from his classic East London Cockney features to more prestigious forms. As t-glottaling and h-dropping are stigmatised forms which are commonly associated with a working-class background, we believed that Beckham would go from using a high rate of these variants in his teenage years, due to his lower socioeconomic background, to producing standard /t/ and /h/ more frequently, reflecting his dramatic upward social climb. Due to his rise to fame, we expected that his celebrity status would bring an added pressure to speak in a “correct” manner, therefore influencing Beckham to opt for the standard variants more frequently. The variants we looked at are also commonly associated with younger speakers, so we expected Beckham’ s aging to further affect his language.Our results support our hypothesis, showing the extent to which David Beckham’s language choices have changed over time. We found that he showed a significant decrease in both h-dropping and t-glottaling in all phonotactic environments. However, we also found a surprisingly high rate of t-glottalisation before consonants and after vowels in Beckham’ s 2014 recordings. Our data support theories concerning age, social class, sex and dialect convergence. Overall, our paper offers insight into the methodology and theory surrounding language change across the lifespan through the analysis of particular linguistics variables of an English speaker.
38
Jones, Samuel David, and Silke Brandt. "Auditory Lexical Decisions in Developmental Language Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of Behavioral Studies." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 61, no. 7 (July 13, 2018): 1766–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_jslhr-l-17-0447.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Despite the apparent primacy of syntactic deficits, children with developmental language disorder (DLD) often also evidence lexical impairments. In particular, it has been argued that this population have difficulty forming lexical representations that are detailed enough to support effective spoken word processing. In order to better understand this deficit, a meta-analysis of studies testing children with DLD in the auditory lexical decision task was conducted. The objective was to provide summary effect size estimates for accuracy and response time measures for comparisons to age- and language-matched control groups. Method Two thousand three hundred seventy-two records were initially identified through electronic searches and expert consultation, with this cohort reduced to 9 through duplicate removal and the application of eligibility and quality criteria. The final study cohort included 499 children aged 3;8–11;4 (years;months). Results Multivariate analysis suggests that children with DLD were significantly less accurate in the auditory lexical decision task than age-matched controls. For the response time estimate, however, confidence intervals for the same group comparison crossed 0, suggesting no reliable difference between groups. Confidence intervals also crossed 0 for language-matched control estimates for both accuracy and response time, suggesting no reliable difference between groups on either measure. Conclusion Results broadly support the hypothesis that children with DLD have difficulty in forming detailed lexical representations relative to age- though not language-matched peers. However, further work is required to determine the performance profiles of potential subgroups and the impact of manipulating different lexical characteristics, such as the position and degree of nonword error, phonotactic probability, and semantic network size.
39
Sowers-Wills, Sara. "Using schema theory to support a whole-word approach to phonological acquisition." Cognitive Linguistics 28, no. 1 (February 1, 2017): 155–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cog-2016-0044.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractEarly child phonological acquisition data typically contain exceptional phonetic forms that defy segment-based rules and have long challenged traditional theoretical frameworks. The templatic approach to phonological acquisition claims that whole-word phonotactic patterns emerge as the first primary units of representation, later giving way to segmental knowledge. This approach places importance on the relationships among a child’s forms in addition to those between child forms and their corresponding adult targets. Inscribed within dynamic systems theory, the templatic approach assumes a developing phonological system to be self-organizing and driven by general cognitive processes in response to patterns in the ambient language. This paper analyzes data from a diary study of one monolingual child acquiring American English. Data collected during the first six months of word production were put to templatic analysis, then examined for evidence of schematic structure. Incorporating the chronology of utterances the child produced, analysis revealed varying degrees of abstraction as early patterns integrated with newer patterns. The results reveal schema theory to be an informative supplementary framework for templatic analysis. Schema theory provides a structured way to trace the emergence and interaction of whole-word patterns a child uses to facilitate the production of first words.
40
Rakić, Stanimir. "Some Further Observations on the Spelling of English Compounds." ELOPE: English Language Overseas Perspectives and Enquiries 7, no. 1 (May 17, 2010): 8–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/elope.7.1.8-26.
Full textAbstract:
This paper explores the main factors which determine the spelling of English N+N compounds. On the basis of a corpus extracted from LDCE (2000) and LDCE (2003), I discuss the following factors, which may have an influence on the spelling of English N+N compounds: the number of syllables, the morphological structure of the first constituent of compounds and the nature of phonotactic transition at the morpheme boundary. The analysis shows that the first two factors exert major influences on the spelling of compounds, while the influence of the third factor varies depending on the number of syllables. In the examined corpus, very few compounds with more than four syllables are spelled solid. The majority of two-syllable compounds are spelled solid under all circumstances, while only 74 four-syllable compounds are spelled solid. The highest percentage of two-syllable compounds are spelled open (49.7%) if the first constituent ending in a consonant builds a consonant cluster at the morpheme boundary. The majority of three-syllable compounds are spelled open unless the first constituent ends in a schwa. The proposed analysis of the extracted corpus shows varied influence of different factors and enables us to establish their partial ranking.
41
Piggott, Glyne L., and Rajendra Singh. "The Phonology of Epenthetic Segments." Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique 30, no. 4 (1985): 415–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008413100011233.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that the occurrence of epenthetic vowels and consonants can be attributed to certain properties of syllable structure and some universal principles of syllabification interacting with (phonotactic) constraints, some of which are universal, others language-specific. The analysis of epenthesis proposed here is an elaboration and refinement of earlier proposals by Singh (1980, 1981a, 1981b, 1981c) and Piggott (1981). We believe that this analysis provides an explanation of the phenomenon of epenthesis. The paper is organized in the following way. In Section 1, we identify the phenomenon of epenthesis and summarize the difficulties in capturing generalizations about it within a framework which treats phonological representations as linear sequences of elements. In Section 2, we outline our conception of syllable structure and examine some of the consequences and implications of our assumptions. Section 3 contains an elaboration of the principles of syllabification that underlie our account of epenthesis. In Section 4, we indicate what we think we have managed to explain and point out some of the significance of the explanation provided. Finally, in Section 5, we try to link our work to some long-held views about the relationship of rules to constraints.
42
Scherberich, Jan, Jennifer Hummel, Stefan Schöneich, and Manuela Nowotny. "Functional basis of the sexual dimorphism in the auditory fovea of the duetting bushcricket Ancylecha fenestrata." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1865 (October 18, 2017): 20171426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.1426.
Full textAbstract:
From mammals to insects, acoustic communication is in many species crucial for successful reproduction. In the duetting bushcricket Ancylecha fenestrata , the mutual acoustic communication between males and females is asymmetrical. We investigated how those signalling disparities are reflected by sexual dimorphism of their ears. Both sexes have tympanic ears in their forelegs, but male ears possess a significantly longer crista acustica containing 35% more scolopidia. With more sensory cells to cover a similar hearing range, the male hearing organ shows a significantly expanded auditory fovea that is tuned to the dominant frequency of the female reply to facilitate phonotactic mate finding. This sex-specific auditory fovea is demonstrated in the mechanical and neuronal responses along the tonotopically organized crista acustica by laservibrometric and electrophysiological frequency mapping, respectively. Morphometric analysis of the crista acustica revealed an interrupted gradient in organ height solely within this auditory fovea region, whereas all other anatomical parameters decrease continuously from proximal to distal. Combining behavioural, anatomical, biomechanical and neurophysiological information, we demonstrate evidence of a pronounced auditory fovea as a sex-specific adaptation of an insect hearing organ for intraspecific acoustic communication.
43
Nabatiyan, A., J. F. A. Poulet, G. G. de Polavieja, and B. Hedwig. "Temporal Pattern Recognition Based on Instantaneous Spike Rate Coding in a Simple Auditory System." Journal of Neurophysiology 90, no. 4 (October 2003): 2484–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00259.2003.
Full textAbstract:
Auditory pattern recognition by the CNS is a fundamental process in acoustic communication. Because crickets communicate with stereotyped patterns of constant frequency syllables, they are established models to investigate the neuronal mechanisms of auditory pattern recognition. Here we provide evidence that for the neural processing of amplitude-modulated sounds, the instantaneous spike rate rather than the time-averaged neural activity is the appropriate coding principle by comparing both coding parameters in a thoracic interneuron (Omega neuron ON1) of the cricket ( Gryllus bimaculatus) auditory system. When stimulated with different temporal sound patterns, the analysis of the instantaneous spike rate demonstrates that the neuron acts as a low-pass filter for syllable patterns. The instantaneous spike rate is low at high syllable rates, but prominent peaks in the instantaneous spike rate are generated as the syllable rate resembles that of the species-specific pattern. The occurrence and repetition rate of these peaks in the neuronal discharge are sufficient to explain temporal filtering in the cricket auditory pathway as they closely match the tuning of phonotactic behavior to different sound patterns. Thus temporal filtering or “pattern recognition” occurs at an early stage in the auditory pathway.
44
Behrman, Alison, Sarah Hargus Ferguson, Ali Akhund, and Mariola Moeyaert. "The Effect of Clear Speech on Temporal Metrics of Rhythm in Spanish-Accented Speakers of English." Language and Speech 62, no. 1 (November 7, 2017): 5–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0023830917737109.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents a comparative analysis of temporal rhythm in native American English talkers and Spanish-accented English talkers producing clear (hyperarticulated) speech and typical, conversational-style speech. Five acoustic measures of comparative vocalic and consonantal interval duration (“temporal metrics”) were obtained from speech samples of 40 adult men and women (half native and half Spanish-accented talkers). In conversational-style speech, vocalic-based metrics differed significantly between native and Spanish-accented talkers, consistent with phonotactic differences between the two native languages. In clear speech, however, all metric values from the Spanish-accented talkers became more English-like and no longer differed significantly from those observed in the native English talkers. Post-hoc analysis revealed that native English talkers increased the duration of both weak and strong vowels in clear speech, whereas the Spanish-accented talkers increased the duration of strong vowels without changing the duration of weak vowels. Listener ease of understanding, as perceived by monolingual English speakers, was significantly improved in clear- compared with conversational-style speech for all talkers. The acoustic data help to explain the changes that result from use of clear speech in nonnative speakers. Together with the improved listener ease of understanding, these data strongly support the further exploration of clear speech as a clinical tool to improve prosody and hence, interpersonal communication, in nonnative speakers.
45
Maturbongs, Antonius, and Asmabuasappe Asmabuasappe. "FONOLOGI BAHASA ABUN DI KABUPATEN TAMBRAUW PROVINSI PAPUA BARAT." Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra 16, no. 1 (August 29, 2016): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/bs_jpbsp.v16i1.3062.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAbun language is a kind of native language in Tambrauw Regency, West Papua Province. This language belongs to group of Non Austronesia language. This study is qualitative one and using descriptive method in order to get complete description of phonology of Abun language. There are three stages in this study. They are data supplying stage, data analysis, and presentation of data analysis result stage. The aim of this study is to describe Abun phonology, especially phonemes in Abun language as well its distribution and phonotactic. The result shows that Abun language has 26 phonemes which is divided into 16 consonant phonemes and 8 vowels phonemes. Furthermore, Abun language has eight diphtongs and fourteen consonant clusters.Keyword: Abun language, phonology, phonemes, diphtong, consonant clusters. AbstrakBahasa Abun merupakan salah satu bahasa daerah yang ada di Kabupaten Tambrauw, Provinsi Papua Barat. Bahasa Abun termasuk dalam kelompok bahasa Non Austronesia. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif, dimaksudkan untuk mendapatkan gambaran lengkap tentang fonologi bahasa Abun. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga tahapan. Ketiga tahapan itu yakni tahap penyediaan data, tahap penganalisisan, dan tahap penyajian hasil analisis data. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan fonologi bahasa Abun, khususnya fonem-fonem bahasa Abun beserta distribusi dan fonotaktiknya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahasa Abun memiliki 26 fonem yang terdiri atas 16 fonem konsonan dan delapan fonem vokal. Di samping itu, bahasa Abun juga memiliki delapan kelompok deret vokal dan 14 kelompok gugus konsonan. Kata kunci: bahasa Abun, fonologi, fonem, deret, vokal, gugus konsonan.
46
Shamina, E. A. "The Problem of Poetic Iconicity in Different Languages." Critique and Semiotics 37, no. 2 (2019): 262–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2307-1737-2019-2-262-271.
Full textAbstract:
The article deals with a detailed analysis of the form of a poetic text (the English original of the How the water comes down at Lodore by Robert Southy and its 2 translations into Russian) with the purpose of establishing its iconic correspondence to its meaning. It is shown that traditional literary poetic techniques (rhyme, metre, strophic structure), its grammatical organization (a repetition of verbals connected by a conjunction), as well as its overall phonosemantics (higher counts of vowels and sonorous consonants) have similar iconic functions both in the original and in the translations. But the choice of other textual elements with iconic value (mean word length, alternation of open and closed syllables and long and short vocalic units) is significantly different in L1 and L2, in all probability because of the systemic (phonetic and phonotactic) differences between the languages. The phonosemantics of verbs of motion (namely, their sound imitative potential) that abound in the texts under investigation, too, demonstrates striking differences. The comparison of a poetic text with its translations into another language undertaken in the study leads to the conclusion that not all the languages are similar in their ability of iconic manifestation of certain concepts, and that major cognitive and esthetic functions of a poetic work have to realized in different languages with the help of principally different language events (as in the Russian translations of an English poem analysed in the article), or be lost, at least partly.
47
Bessett, Ryan M., and Sonia Colina. "Spanish ‘depalatalization’: the synchronic, diachronic and perception perspectives." Borealis – An International Journal of Hispanic Linguistics 6, no. 1 (May 30, 2017): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/1.6.1.3851.
Full textAbstract:
Spanish has a restriction on palatal nasals and laterals in the coda causing them to be realized as dental/alveolar coronals. In the onset position, the palatal point of articulation is retained, bello ‘beautiful-masc.’, beldad ‘beauty’; doña ‘Madam’, don ‘Mister’. Alternations such as these led phonologists to propose a rule of depalatalization that turns an underlying palatal nasal/lateral into a coronal (Contreras 1977; Harris 1983). Pensado (1997) and Harris (1999) later tried to debunk this rule, the former on psycholinguistic grounds, and the latter on the basis of the word structure of Spanish (palatals are always followed by –e). More recently, within an optimality-theoretic framework and through loan word evidence, Lloret and Mascaró (2006) argue again in favor of an active process of depalatalization in Modern Spanish. Taking Lloret and Mascaró as its point of departure, this paper expands the discussion on depalatalization to consider diachronic data and the role of the underlying representation and the perception grammar. Historical data supports depalatalization as an active phenomenon in Old and Medieval Spanish; yet the morphophonological alternations cannot be considered active/productive synchronically. Unlike previous serial models of phonology, an OT framework allows for the incorporation of diachronic data into the analysis, thus explaining how the current situation came about and shedding light on synchronic alternations. OT also provides a formalization of the role of the underlying representation in the diachronic change and in synchronic loanword evidence, thus providing support for depalatalization as an active phonotactic restriction.
48
Storkel, Holly L. "The Emerging Lexicon of Children With Phonological Delays." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 47, no. 5 (October 2004): 1194–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2004/088).
Full textAbstract:
The effects of phonotactic constraints (i.e., the status of a sound as correctly or incorrectly articulated) and phonotactic probability (i.e., the likelihood of a sound sequence) on lexical acquisition have been investigated independently. This study investigated the interactive influence of phonotactic constraints and phonotactic probability on lexical acquisition in 3 groups of children: children with functional phonological delays (PD), phonology-matched, younger, typically developing children (PM), and age-/vocabulary-matched typically developing peers (AVM). Sixty-eight children participated in a multitrial word-learning task involving nonwords varying in phonotactic constraints (IN vs. OUT) and phonotactic probability (common vs. rare). Correct and error responses were analyzed. Results indicated that OUT sound sequences were learned more rapidly than IN sound sequences. This suggests that OUT sounds may be salient because they represent only a small subset of the child's sound system. The effect of phonotactic probability varied across groups: Children with PD showed a common sound sequence disadvantage, younger PM children showed a common sound sequence advantage, and AVM children showed no effect. Moreover, error analyses indicated that children with PD had particular difficulty creating lexical representations and associations between lexical and semantic representations when learning common sound sequences. Children with PD may rely more heavily on lexical representations to learn new words or may have difficulty learning common sound sequences because of the high degree of similarity between these sequences and other known words. Finally, the effect of phonotactic probability was consistent across IN and OUT sound sequences, suggesting that the lexical representation of both correctly articulated and misarticulated words is based on the adult-target pronunciation.
49
Steinberg, Johanna, Thomas Konstantin Jacobsen, and Thomas Jacobsen. "Repair or Violation Detection? Pre-Attentive Processing Strategies of Phonotactic Illegality Demonstrated on the Constraint of g-Deletion in German." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 59, no. 3 (June 2016): 557–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2015_jslhr-h-15-0062.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Effects of categorical phonotactic knowledge on pre-attentive speech processing were investigated by presenting illegal speech input that violated a phonotactic constraint in German called “g-deletion.” The present study aimed to extend previous findings of automatic processing of phonotactic violations and to investigate the role of stimulus context in triggering either an automatic phonotactic repair or a detection of the violation. Method The mismatch negativity event-related potential component was obtained in 2 identical cross-sectional experiments with speaker variation and 16 healthy adult participants each. Four pseudowords were used as stimuli, 3 of them phonotactically legal and 1 illegal. Stimuli were contrasted pairwise in passive oddball conditions and presented binaurally via headphones. Results were analyzed by means of mixed design analyses of variance. Results Phonotactically illegal stimuli were found to be processed differently compared to legal ones. Results indicate evidence for both automatic repair and detection of the phonotactic violation depending on the linguistic context the illegal stimulus was embedded in. Conclusions These findings corroborate notions that categorical phonotactic knowledge is activated and applied even in the absence of attention. Thus, our findings contribute to the general understanding of sublexical phonological processing and may be of use for further developing speech recognition models.
50
Burke, Mary, Shobhana Chelliah, and Melissa Robinson. "Excrescent vowels in Lamkang prefix sequences." Journal of South Asian Languages and Linguistics 6, no. 2 (February 25, 2020): 185–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jsall-2019-2012.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractLamkang is a Trans-Himalayan language spoken in the Chandel District of Manipur, India by under 10,000 ethnically Naga people. Due to a complex person indexation system in Lamkang clauses, multiple prefixes with the shape C- are attached to a verb stem creating lexemes with the shape CCCCVC. To make such forms pronounceable, speakers insert super-short vowel-like segments between the C- prefixes. Combining acoustic analysis with speakers’ intuitions about syllable structure, we examine the nature of these segments, arguing that an accurate phonetic description of Lamkang vowels must include these super-short vowels, as well as long and short vowels, which are phonemically distinct. We call these super-short vowels excrescent, following the terminology discussed in Hall (2011. Vowel epenthesis. In Marc van Oostendorp, Colin J. Ewen, Elizabeth V. Hume & Keren Rice (eds.), The blackwell companion to phonology, 1576–1596. Oxford: Blackwell. doi: 10.1002/9781444335262.wbctp0067: 1584). The excrescent vowel is a type of epenthetic vowel, sometimes also called “intrusive”, and is typified by its short duration and centralized quality distinct from lexical vowels. It is unstressed and has the phonetic effect of helping to transition between consonants. We show that the excrescent vowels in Lamkang have formant structures that barely resemble the characteristic formant profiles of the short and long vowels. While excrescent vowels are not contrastive, they are phonologically relevant because they have just enough sonority to form nuclei of CiVCii syllables where Cii is often ambisyllabic with the following syllable. The Lamkang data show that while any language-specific phonotactic constraints must reference the syllable, what constitutes a syllable must include the possibility of excrescent vowels as nuclei.