Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Phonetics and speech science'
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Pennington, Mark. "The phonetics and phonology of glottal manner features." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3202900.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Linguistics, 2005.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Nov. 10, 2008). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-01, Section: A, page: 0167. Adviser: Robert F. Port.
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Daly, Nancy Ann. "Acoustic-phonetic and linguistic analyses of spontaneous speech : implications for speech understanding." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12009.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1994.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 142-149).
by Nancy Ann Daly.
Ph.D.
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Rella, Eileen. "Types of phonological processes occurring in normal Black English speakers." PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3920.
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Black English (BE) is a rule-governed linguistic system with its own phonology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. BE is a dialect, not a disordered variation of standard English (SE). When compared to SE, BE phonology has been described in terms of omissions, substitutions, and additions. This study looked at normal BE speakers in Portland, Oregon and described their dialectal differences in terms of phonological processes.
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Bonaventura, Patrizia. "Invariant patterns in articulatory movements." Columbus, Ohio Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1070119339.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xxiii, 335 p.; also includes graphics (some col). Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Osamu Fujimura, Dept. of Speech and Hearing Science. Includes bibliographical references (p. 151-165).
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Engbrecht, Jeffery W. "Word hypothesis of phonetic strings using hidden Markov models /." Online version of thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10604.
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Turnbull, Rory. "Assessing the listener-oriented account of predictability-based phonetic reduction." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429796768.
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Glass, James Robert. "Finding acoustic regularities in speech : applications to phonetic recognition." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14777.
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Liles, T., and A. Lynn Williams. "A Multiple Oppositions Approach with a Mixed Phonetic-phonemic Speech Disorder." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2006. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2078.
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Leon, Barth Carlos. "Phoneme-based video indexing using phonetic disparity search." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4628.
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This dissertation presents and evaluates a method to the video indexing problem by investigating a categorization method that transcribes audio content through Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) combined with Dynamic Contextualization (DC), Phonetic Disparity Search (PDS) and Metaphone indexation. The suggested approach applies genome pattern matching algorithms with computational summarization to build a database infrastructure that provides an indexed summary of the original audio content. PDS complements the contextual phoneme indexing approach by optimizing topic seek performance and accuracy in large video content structures. A prototype was established to translate news broadcast video into text and phonemes automatically by using ASR utterance conversions. Each phonetic utterance extraction was then categorized, converted to Metaphones, and stored in a repository with contextual topical information attached and indexed for posterior search analysis. Following the original design strategy, a custom parallel interface was built to measure the capabilities of dissimilar phonetic queries and provide an interface for result analysis. The postulated solution provides evidence of a superior topic matching when compared to traditional word and phoneme search methods. Experimental results demonstrate that PDS can be 3.7% better than the same phoneme query, Metaphone search proved to be 154.6% better than the same phoneme seek and 68.1 % better than the equivalent word search.ID: 030423400; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2010.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 228-236).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
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Wagner, Jessica Lynn. "Exploration of Lip Shape Measures and their Association with Tongue Contact Patterns." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd984.pdf.
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Silva, Wellington da 1989. "Análise fonético-acústica da expressividade de emoções em depoimentos reais." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/271135.
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Orientador: Plínio Almeida BarbosaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: Esta dissertação apresenta um estudo intercultural da percepção de emoções expressas pela fala em situações comunicativas reais conduzido com ouvintes brasileiros e suecos. A literatura sobre o tema mostra que sujeitos ouvintes são capazes de reconhecer emoções expressas na fala em experimentos de percepção com um percentual de sucesso muito superior ao que seria obtido ao acaso, mesmo quando avaliando estímulos em uma língua estrangeira e de uma cultura diferente. Os principais objetivos do estudo apresentado foram investigar quais parâmetros fonético-acústicos dentre os extraídos são afetados pelo estado emocional dos falantes, em quais deles os sujeitos ouvintes se guiam para julgar o grau de expressão dessas emoções nos experimentos de percepção, investigar se os sujeitos realizam melhor essa tarefa para dimensões emocionais do que para emoções discretas, se a cultura e a língua materna dos sujeitos influenciam na percepção das emoções e se os sujeitos brasileiros e suecos se guiam pelos mesmos parâmetros acústicos para fazer esse julgamento. Os corpora utilizados consistem de enunciados de mulheres falantes do português brasileiro e do sueco extraídos de um documentário e de programas de televisão e de rádio. Os enunciados passaram por uma análise acústica, na qual as seguintes classes de parâmetros acústicos foram medidas automaticamente com um script para o programa PRAAT: frequência fundamental e sua primeira derivada, intensidade global, inclinação espectral e espectro médio de longo-termo (LTAS). Dessas classes foram calculados vários descritores estatísticos, totalizando doze parâmetros acústicos. Conduzimos dois experimentos de percepção com sujeitos brasileiros e suecos. No primeiro deles, os sujeitos avaliaram, em escalas graduadas de 0 a 4, o grau de expressão de emoções discretas descritas por oito adjetivos (alegre, comovido, surpreso, triste, contente, angustiado, aflito e entusiasmado) para os enunciados em português brasileiro. No segundo experimento, os sujeitos julgaram o grau de expressão de cinco dimensões emocionais (ativação, justiça, valência, motivação e envolvimento) para os enunciados em sueco. As respostas dos sujeitos nos experimentos foram submetidas a análises de PCA. Para o experimento I, essas análises revelaram que as emoções descritas pelos oito adjetivos foram avaliadas pelos sujeitos de ambas as nacionalidades conjuntamente por duas grandes dimensões emocionais: felicidade e neutralidade. Para o experimento II, os dois componentes da PCA revelaram que os sujeitos de ambas as nacionalidades julgaram as cinco dimensões emocionais distinguindo entre um estado de "calma" de um estado de maior agitação emocional. Os componentes da PCA foram correlacionados com os parâmetros acústicos por meio de análises de regressões lineares, que mostraram que os sujeitos de ambas as nacionalidades se guiaram pelos mesmos parâmetros acústicos para realizar os julgamentos nos dois experimentos. Esses parâmetros também foram muito robustos em classificar os trechos de fala nas análises de LDA realizadas. Os parâmetros que se mostraram mais relevantes foram o LTAS, a mediana e a semiamplitude entre quartis da frequência fundamental e a média e o desvio-padrão da inclinação espectral. É possível concluir que a cultura e a experiência emocional dos sujeitos brasileiros e suecos não influenciaram na percepção das emoções expressas nos dois corpora
Abstract: This dissertation presents a cross-cultural study on the perception of real emotions expressed in speech conducted with Swedish and Brazilian listeners. The literature on the subject shows that listeners are capable of recognizing emotions expressed in speech in perception experiments with much higher percentage of success than that expected by chance, even when evaluating stimuli in a foreign language and of a different culture. The main objectives of the present study were to investigate which acoustic-phonetic parameters among those extracted are affected by the emotional state of the speakers, on which of them the listeners rely to judge the degree of expression of these emotions in the perception experiments, to investigate whether the subjects perform better in this task when evaluating emotional dimensions rather than discrete emotions, whether the listeners¿ culture and mother language affect the perception of the emotions and whether the Brazilian and the Swedish subjects rely on the same acoustic parameters to make the judgements. The corpora used consist of utterances of female speakers of Brazilian Portuguese and Swedish extracted from a documentary film as well as from radio and TV programs. The following acoustic parameters were measured automatically for these utterances with a script for the software PRAAT: fundamental frequency and its first derivative, global intensity, spectral tilt and Long-Term Average Spectrum (LTAS). A total of twelve statistical descriptors were computed for these parameters. We conducted two perception experiments with Brazilian and Swedish subjects. In the first one they evaluated the degree of expression of the discrete emotions described by eight adjectives (joyful, moved, surprised, sad, contented, anguished, distressed and enthusiastic) for the utterances in Brazilian Portuguese on scales ranging from 0 to 4. In the second experiment the subjects rated the degree of expression of five emotional dimensions (activation, fairness, valence, motivation and involvement) for the utterances in Swedish. The responses of the subjects in the experiments were analyzed by means of PCA. For experiment I, the PCA revealed that the listeners of both nationalities evaluated the emotions described by the eight adjectives jointly by means of two major emotional dimensions: happiness and neutrality. For experiment II, the two PCA components revealed that the listeners of both nationalities evaluated the five emotional dimensions distinguishing between a state of "calmness" and a state of higher emotional agitation. The PCA components were correlated with the acoustic parameters by means of linear regression analyses. These analyses showed that the subjects of both nationalities relied on the same acoustic parameters to make the judgements in both experiments. These acoustic parameters were also very robust in classifying the utterances in the LDA performed. The parameters which proved more relevant were the LTAS, fundamental frequency median and semi-interquartile range and spectral tilt mean and standard deviation. It is possible to conclude that the culture and the emotional experience of the Brazilian and the Swedish subjects did not affect the perception of the emotions expressed in both corpora
Mestrado
Linguistica
Mestre em Linguística
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Levefeldt, Christer. "Evaluation of NETtalk as a means to extract phonetic features from text for synchronization with speech." Thesis, University of Skövde, Department of Computer Science, 1998. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-173.
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The background for this project is a wish to automate synchronization of text and speech. The idea is to present speech through speakers synchronized word-for-word with text appearing on a monitor.
The solution decided upon is to use artificial neural networks, ANNs, to convert both text and speech into streams made up of sets of phonetic features and then matching these two streams against each other. Several text-to-feature ANN designs based on the NETtalk system are implemented and evaluated. The extraction of phonetic features from speech and the synchronization itself are not implemented, but some assessments are made regarding their possible performances. The performance of a finished system is not possible to determine, but a NETtalk-based ANN is believed to be suitable for such a system using phonetic features for synchronization.
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Brasil, Brunah de Castro. "CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS FONES [s] E [ʃ] POR MEIO DA ANÁLISE ACÚSTICA." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6499.
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The typical phonological development and phonological disorders are object of continuous studies in speech area, in order to characterize aspects such as phonemes acquisition, strategies of repairing presents in subjects produtions, articulatory and acoustic characteristics of sounds. In the last aspect, it becomes important, the comparison of speech data of adults and children to verify if the acoustic parameters are similar. Thus, the purpose of this study is to compare, with acoustic analysis, the prodution of [s] and [ʃ] of children with or without
phonological disorders and adults, considering the acoustic parameters of duration of fricative noise, cutoff frequency of fricative noise, band of frequencies of stronger fricative noise concentration and formant transition of the following vowel. It was realized comparisons between the 31 subjects` data of speech, which were divided in three groups group of children with typical phonological development (average age of 7,12 (± 0,77)), group of children with phonological disorders (average age of 6,87 ((± 0,74) and group of adults (average age of 23,61 (± 3,445)). These subjects came
from the schools of Santa Maria/RS city and from Speech Therapy and Audiology service of Federal University of Santa Maria and realized initial interview, screening
and phonological evaluation. Speech data were collected in acoustically treated booth. To acoustic analysis there were used two softwares: Praat and Wavesurfer. To statistical analysis there were compared the group of children with typical phonological development to the group of children with phonological disorders and
the group of adults to the group of children with typical phonological development. It was verified that, when some parameters are considered, such as duration of fricative noise and cutoff frequency of fricative noise, the children without phonological disorder productions are statistically equal to adults productions. Sometimes these groups productions are acoustically different, but not perceptually, what can be justified by the neuromaturational process, through which children are
passing in the studied age. Yet, it was observed that the children with phonological disorder really performed substitutions of studied phones. An example of that is the
case of [s], which was produced like a substitution, presents the same acoustic characteristics of an [s] correctly produced, this is, which represents the phoneme /s/. The parameters more efficient to differentiate [s] and [ʃ] were cutoff frequency of
fricative noise and band of frequencies of stronger fricative noise concentration.O desenvolvimento fonológico típico e o desvio fonológico são alvos de incessantes estudos na área da Fonoaudiologia, no sentido de buscar a caracterização de aspectos como aquisição de fonemas, estratégias de reparo presentes na produção dos sujeitos, características articulatórias e acústicas dos sons. Neste último aspecto, torna-se importante, também, a comparação entre os dados obtidos na fala das crianças com dados de fala adulta, no sentido de verificar se os parâmetros acústicos se assemelham. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar, com auxílio da análise acústica, as produções de [s] e [ʃ] de crianças com desenvolvimento fonológico típico e com desvio fonológico e de adultos, considerando os parâmetros acústicos de duração do ruído fricativo, frequência de corte do ruído fricativo, banda de frequências de maior concentração de ruído fricativo e transição formântica da vogal seguinte aos fones estudados. Foram realizadas comparações entre os dados de fala de 31 sujeitos, divididos em três grupos grupo de crianças com desenvolvimento fonológico típico (com idade média de 7,12 anos, ± 0,77), grupo de crianças com desvio fonológico (com idade média de 6,87 anos, ± 0,74) e grupo de adultos (com idade média de 23,61 anos, ± 3,445). Os sujeitos advinham de escolas da cidade de Santa Maria/RS e do Serviço de Atendimento Fonoaudiológico da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria e realizaram entrevista inicial, triagem e avaliação fonológica. Os dados de fala a serem analisados foram coletados em cabine tratada acusticamente e para a realização da análise acústica foram utilizados dois softwares: Praat e Wavesurfer. Para análise estatística dos dados foram realizadas comparações entre o grupo de crianças com desenvolvimento fonológico típico e o grupo de adultos e entre crianças com desenvolvimento fonológico típico e com desvio fonológico. Verificou-se que, quando considerados alguns parâmetros acústicos, como duração do ruído fricativo e frequência de corte do ruído fricativo, as produções das crianças com desenvolvimento fonológico típico são estatisticamente iguais às produções dos adultos. Por vezes, as produções desses grupos apresentam-se diferentes acusticamente, mas não perceptivo-auditivamente, o que pode ser justificado pelo processo neuromaturacional que as crianças estão passando na idade pesquisada. Ainda, observou-se que as crianças com desvio fonológico apresentavam realmente substituições envolvendo os fones estudados. Um exemplo sobre este fato é o caso do [s] fruto de uma substituição (quando o alvo era o fonema /ʃ/) apresentar as mesmas características acústicas que um [s] corretamente produzido, isto é, que representa fonema /s/. Os parâmetros que se mostraram os mais eficientes na diferenciação dos fones [s] e [ʃ] foram frequência de corte do ruído fricativo e banda de frequências de concentração do ruído fricativo, para adultos e crianças com desenvolvimento fonológico típico.
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Alpan, Ali. "Objective assessment of disordered connected speech." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209758.
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Within the context of the assessment of laryngeal function, acoustic analysis has an important place because the speech signal may be recorded non-invasively and it forms the base on which the perceptual assessment of voice is founded. Given the limitations of perceptual ratings, one has investigated vocal cues of disordered voices that are clinically relevant, summarize properties of speech signals and report on a speaker's phonation in general and voice in particular. Ideally, the acoustic descriptors should also be correlates of auditory-perceptual ratings of voice. Generally speaking, the goal of acoustic analysis is to document quantitatively the degree of severity of a voice disorder and monitor the evolution of the voice of dysphonic speakers.The first part of this thesis is devoted to the analysis of disordered connected speech. The aim is to investigate vocal cues that are clinically relevant and correlated with auditory-perceptual ratings. Two approaches are investigated. The variogram-based method in the temporal domain is addressed first. The second approach is in the cepstral domain. In particular, the first rahmonic amplitude is used as an acoustic cue to describe voice quality. A multi-dimensional approach combining temporal and spectral aspects is also investigated. The goal is to check whether acoustic cues in both domains report complementary information when predicting perceptual scores.
Both methods are tested first on a corpus of synthetic sound stimuli that has been obtained by means of a synthesizer of disordered voices. The purpose is to learn about the link between the signal properties (fixed by the synthesis parameters) and acoustic cues.
In this study, we had the opportunity to use two large natural speech corpora. One of them has been perceptually rated.
The final part of the text is devoted to the automatic classification of voice with regard to perceived voice quality. Many studies have proposed a binary (normal/pathological) classification of voice samples. An automatic categorization according to perceived degrees of hoarseness appears, however, to be more attractive to both clinicians and technologists and more likely to be clinically relevant. Indeed, one way to reduce inter-rater variability of an auditory-perceptual evaluation is to ask several experts to participate and then to average the perceptual scores. However, auditory-perceptual evaluation of a corpus by several judges is a very laborious, time-consuming and costly task. Making this perceptual evaluation task automatic is therefore desirable.
The aim of this study is to exploit the support vector machine classifier that has become, over the last years, a popular tool for classification, to carry out categorization of voices according to perceived degrees of hoarseness.
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Goussard, George Willem. "Unsupervised clustering of audio data for acoustic modelling in automatic speech recognition systems." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6686.
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Thesis (MScEng (Electrical and Electronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis presents a system that is designed to replace the manual process of generating a pronunciation dictionary for use in automatic speech recognition. The proposed system has several stages. The first stage segments the audio into what will be known as the subword units, using a frequency domain method. In the second stage, dynamic time warping is used to determine the similarity between the segments of each possible pair of these acoustic segments. These similarities are used to cluster similar acoustic segments into acoustic clusters. The final stage derives a pronunciation dictionary from the orthography of the training data and corresponding sequence of acoustic clusters. This process begins with an initial mapping between words and their sequence of clusters, established by Viterbi alignment with the orthographic transcription. The dictionary is refined iteratively by pruning redundant mappings, hidden Markov model estimation and Viterbi re-alignment in each iteration. This approach is evaluated experimentally by applying it to two subsets of the TIMIT corpus. It is found that, when test words are repeated often in the training material, the approach leads to a system whose accuracy is almost as good as one trained using the phonetic transcriptions. When test words are not repeated often in the training set, the proposed approach leads to better results than those achieved using the phonetic transcriptions, although the recognition is poor overall in this case.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doelwit van die tesis is om ’n stelsel te beskryf wat ontwerp is om die handgedrewe proses in die samestelling van ’n woordeboek, vir die gebruik in outomatiese spraakherkenningsstelsels, te vervang. Die voorgestelde stelsel bestaan uit ’n aantal stappe. Die eerste stap is die segmentering van die oudio in sogenaamde sub-woord eenhede deur gebruik te maak van ’n frekwensie gebied tegniek. Met die tweede stap word die dinamiese tydverplasingsalgoritme ingespan om die ooreenkoms tussen die segmente van elkeen van die moontlike pare van die akoestiese segmente bepaal. Die ooreenkomste word dan gebruik om die akoestiese segmente te groepeer in akoestiese groepe. Die laaste stap stel die woordeboek saam deur gebruik te maak van die ortografiese transkripsie van afrigtingsdata en die ooreenstemmende reeks akoestiese groepe. Die finale stap begin met ’n aanvanklike afbeelding vanaf woorde tot hul reeks groep identifiseerders, bewerkstellig deur Viterbi belyning en die ortografiese transkripsie. Die woordeboek word iteratief verfyn deur oortollige afbeeldings te snoei, verskuilde Markov modelle af te rig en deur Viterbi belyning te gebruik in elke iterasie. Die benadering is getoets deur dit eksperimenteel te evalueer op twee subversamelings data vanuit die TIMIT korpus. Daar is bevind dat, wanneer woorde herhaal word in die afrigtingsdata, die stelsel se benadering die akkuraatheid ewenaar van ’n stelsel wat met die fonetiese transkripsie afgerig is. As die woorde nie herhaal word in die afrigtingsdata nie, is die akkuraatheid van die stelsel se benadering beter as wanneer die stelsel afgerig word met die fonetiese transkripsie, alhoewel die akkuraatheid in die algemeen swak is.
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Gregio, Fabiana Nogueira. "Análise fonético-acústica do contraste fônico de vozeamento em crianças." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2013. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13641.
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Previous issue date: 2013-10-29Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Objective: to investigate implementation strategies for phonic voicing contrast in Brazilian Portuguese in a study group of children with speech alteration in comparison to a control group of children without alteration. Methods: we selected six subjects ranging from 7-10 years old, three with diagnosis of alterations in the production of voicing contrast in speech and three as controls. Six carrier sentences with target disyllabic words in a CVCV structure, containing voice and voiceless pairs of plosive consonants in Brazilian Portuguese in contexts of tonic and post-tonic syllables, were audio recorded (five random repetitions). The collected samples were acoustically investigated, labeled and submitted to procedures to extract caustic measures of fundamental frequency (f0) in the beginning and in the stationary point of the vowel following the plosive consonant, frequency of first formant (F1) in the beginning and in the stationary point of the vowel following the plosive consonant and duration measures of: plosive consonant, vowel preceding the the plosive consonant, vowel following the plosive consonant, voice-onset-time (VOT) in the plosive consonant, voicing period, voiceless period, voicing redemption, total pre-plosion and plosion times. We also measured the VCV excerpt of the target word to calculate relative duration. Speech samples were then submitted to a perception experiment for auditive judgment (vocable identification) by a group of 35 judges. Acoustic measure results were submitted to sample comparison test, hierarchical cluster analysis and discriminate analysis. Tasks in the auditive judgment were presented by means of confusion matrices and calculation of auditive distances. Correspondence data between acoustic and perceptive findings were submitted to logistics regression analysis. The research project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (119/09). Results: acoustic measures were compared between voiceless and voiced plosive consonant pairs and, in general, showed significant differences. However, voiceless and voiced plosive consonants were grouped differently in the different contexts in each group studied and also showed predictive capacity to identify control and study groups. With regard to perception, auditive distances showed to be smaller for the study group samples in comparison to the control group in the tonic context. In the post-tonic context, auditive differences were similar between the two groups. Consonant duration, from voiceless and total pre-plosion periods (tonic context) and total pre-plosion duration and voicing period (post-tonic context) showed predictive power in the auditive judgment of voicing contrast in speech alterations of voiced plosive consonants. For voiceless plosive consonants, influent measures included f0 in the beginning of the vowel and duration of previous vowel (tonic context) and f0 in the beginning of the vowel and duration of plosive consonant (post-tonic context). Conclusion: investigation of implementations found in children s speech signal showed that duration measures were influent in identifying speech with voicing contrast alterations, signaling traces of implementation of more than one action to analyze voicing contrast
Objetivo: investigar as estratégias de implementação do contraste fônico de vozeamento no português brasileiro em um grupo de crianças com alteração da fala em comparação a um grupo de crianças sem alteração. Métodos: foram selecionados seis sujeitos, na faixa etária de 7-10 anos, sendo três com diagnóstico fonoaudiológico de alteração na produção do contraste de vozeamento na fala e três atuando como referência. Seis sentenças-veículo com palavras-alvo, dissílabas com estrutura CVCV, contendo os pares vozeados e não vozeados das consoantes plosivas do português brasileiro, em contextos de sílaba tônica e pós-tônica, foram audiogravadas (cinco repetições aleatorizadas). As amostras coletadas foram inspecionadas acusticamente, etiquetadas e submetidas a procedimentos de extração das medidas acústicas de frequência fundamental (f0) no início e no ponto estacionário da vogal seguinte à consoante plosiva, frequência do primeiro formante (F1) no início e no ponto estacionário da vogal seguinte à consoante plosiva e medidas de duração de consoante plosiva, vogal anterior à consoante plosiva, vogal seguinte à consoante plosiva, voice-onset-time (VOT) na consoante plosiva, período de vozeamento, período sem vozeamento, retomada do vozeamento, total préplosão e plosão e medida do trecho VCV da palavra-alvo, para finalidade de cálculo da duração relativa. Na sequência, as amostras de fala foram submetidas a experimento de percepção para julgamento auditivo (identificação de vocábulos) por um grupo de 35 juízes. Os resultados das medidas acústicas foram submetidos a teste de comparação de amostras, análise hierárquica de cluster e análise discriminante. As respostas do julgamento auditivo foram apresentadas por meio de matrizes de confusão e de cálculo das distâncias auditivas. Os dados de correspondências entre achados acústicos e perceptivos foram submetidos à análise de regressão logística. O projeto da pesquisa foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa (119/09). Resultados: as medidas acústicas foram comparadas entre os pares de consoantes plosivas não vozeadas e vozeadas e, no geral, revelaram diferenças significativas. Contudo, agruparam-se diferentemente para as consoantes plosivas não vozeadas e vozeadas para cada grupo estudado nos distintos contextos, e ainda apresentaram capacidade preditiva em classificar os grupos com alteração e referência. Em termos de percepção, as distâncias auditivas apresentaram-se menores para as amostras do grupo com alteração em comparação com o grupo referência no contexto tônico. Para o contexto pós-tônico, as distâncias auditivas foram similares entre os dois grupos. A duração da consoante, do período sem vozeamento e do total pré-plosão (contexto tônico) e a duração do total pré-plosão e o período de vozeamento (contexto pós-tônico) revelaram poder preditivo do julgamento auditivo do contraste de vozeamento de fala alterada para as consoantes plosivas vozeadas. Para as consoantes plosivas não vozeadas as medidas influentes foram f0 no início da vogal e duração da vogal anterior (contexto tônico) e f0 no início da vogal e duração da consoante plosiva (contexto pós-tônico). Conclusão: a investigação das implementações encontradas no sinal de fala das crianças revelou que as medidas de duração foram influentes na identificação da fala com contraste de vozeamento alterado, sinalizando os indícios de implementação de mais de uma ação para a análise do contraste de vozeamento
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Halabi, Nawar. "Modern standard Arabic phonetics for speech synthesis." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2016. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/409695/.
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Arabic phonetics and phonology have not been adequately studied for the purposes of speech synthesis and speech synthesis corpus design. The only sources of knowledge available are either archaic or targeted towards other disciplines such as education. This research conducted a three-stage study. First, Arabic phonology research was reviewed in general, and the results of this review were triangulated with expert opinions – gathered throughout the project – to create a novel formalisation of Arabic phonology for speech synthesis. Secondly, this formalisation was used to create a speech corpus in Modern Standard Arabic and this corpus was used to produce a speech synthesiser. This corpus was the first to be constructed and published for this dialect of Arabic using scientifically-supported phonological formalisms. The corpus was semi-automatically annotated with phoneme boundaries and stress marks; it is word-aligned with the orthographical transcript. The accuracy of these alignments was compared with previous published work, which showed that even slightly less accurate alignments are sufficient for producing high quality synthesis. Finally, objective and subjective evaluations were conducted to assess the quality of this corpus. The objective evaluation showed that the corpus based on the proposed phonological formalism had sufficient phonetic coverage compared with previous work. The subjective evaluation showed that this corpus can be used to produce high quality parametric and unit selection speech synthesisers. In addition, it showed that the use of orthographically extracted stress marks can improve the quality of the generated speech for general purpose synthesis. These stress marks are the first to be tested for Modern Standard Arabic, which thus opens this subject for future research.
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Boyczuk, Jeffrey P. "The influence of neighborhood density on phonetic categorization in aphasia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ37099.pdf.
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Barker, Jon. "The relationship between speech perception and auditory organisation : studies with spectrally reduced speech." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286581.
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Shuster, Linda Irene. "Speech perception and speech production : between and within modal adaptation /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148726754698296.
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Flory, Yvonne. "The impact of head and body postures on the acoustic speech signal." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/247436.
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This dissertation is aimed at investigating the impact of postural changes within speakers on the acoustic speech signal to complement research on articulatory changes under the same conditions. The research is therefore relevant for forensic phonetics, where quantifying within-speaker variation is vital for the accuracy of speaker comparison. To this end, two acoustic studies were carried out to quantify the influence of five head positions and three body orientations on the acoustic speech signal. Results show that there is a consistent change in the third formant, a change which was most evident in the body orientation measurements, and to a lesser extent in the head position data. Analysis of the results with respect to compensation strategies indicates that speakers employ different strategies to compensate for these perturbations to their vocal tract. Some speakers did not exhibit large differences in their speech signal, while others appeared to compensate much less. Across all speakers, the effect was much stronger in what were deemed ‘less natural’, postures. That is, speakers were apparently less able to predict and compensate for the impact of prone body orientation on their speech than for that of the more natural supine orientation. In addition to the acoustic studies, a perception experiment assessed whether listeners could make use of acoustic cues to determine the posture of the speaker. Stimuli were chosen with, by design, stronger or weaker acoustic cues to posture, in order to elicit a possible difference in identification performance. Listeners were nevertheless not able to identify above chance whether a speaker was sitting or lying in prone body orientation even when hearing the set with stronger cues. Further combined articulatory and acoustic research will have to be carried out to disentangle which articulatory behaviours correlate with the acoustic changes presented in order to draw a more comprehensive picture of the effects of postural variation on speech.
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Chalfont, Carl R. "Automatic speech recognition : a government phonology perspective on the extraction of subsegmental primes from speech data." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285843.
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de, Leeuw Esther. "When your native language sounds foreign : a phonetic investigation into first language attrition." Thesis, Queen Margaret University, 2008. https://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/7436.
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The research presented in this thesis comprises two experiments which investigated whether the domain of phonetics can undergo first language attrition, or be lost, when a second language is acquired in adulthood in a migrant context. Experiment I investigated the native speech of 57 German migrants to Anglophone Canada and the Dutch Netherlands. The bilingual migrants had grown up in a monolingual German environment and moved abroad in adolescence or adulthood. Their semispontaneous German speech was globally assessed for foreign accent by native German speakers in Germany. It was revealed that 14 bilingual migrants were perceived to be non-native speakers of German. Age of arrival to Canada or the Netherlands and contact with one’s native language played the most significant roles in determining whether the German speech of the migrants was assessed to be foreign accented. Crucially, it was not only the amount of contact, but also the type of contact which influenced foreign accented native speech. Monolingual settings, in which little language mixing was assumed to occur, were most conducive to maintaining non-foreign accented native German speech. These findings prompted Experiment II, in which the speech of 10 German migrants to Anglophone Canada was examined in fine phonetic detail. The participants in this experiment had similarly grown up in a German speaking environment and migrated to Canada in late adolescence or adulthood. Segmental and prosodic elements of speech, which generally differ between German and English, were selected for acoustic analyses. Given that each phonetic element was measured according to two dimensions, it was possible to determine that in the lateral phoneme /l/, the frequency of F1 was more likely to evidence first language attrition than the frequency of F2; and that in the prenuclear rise, the alignment of the start of the rise was more likely to display first language attrition than the alignment of the end. In addition to intrapersonal variation within the same phonetic variable, interpersonal variation was observed. Two participants evidenced no first language attrition, whilst one participant realised both dimensions of the lateral phoneme /l/ and prenuclear tonal alignment according to the Englishmonolingual norm in his German. When extralinguistic variables were investigated, age of arrival (and neither amount nor type of language contact) had a significant impact on determining first language attrition, although this effect was only observed in the alignment of the prenuclear rise. While the experiments revealed stability in the native speech of late consecutive bilingual migrants, first language attrition in the domain of phonetics was observed at both the level of perception and performance. Taken together, these findings challenge the traditional concept of native speech by revealing that indeed native speakers diverge from the norms of native (monolingual) speech.
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Jang, Tae-Yeoub. "Phonetics of segmental FO and machine recognition of Korean speech." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22348.
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The main goal of the study is to improve performance of Korean automatic recognition by exploiting the fundamental frequency (F0) of vowels, which is affected by identity of the preceding consonant. The hypothesis is that if the vowel F0 is given, the identification of the consonant can be more accurate. The effect, which I will call the "segmental F0 effect", has been confirmed by a number of phonetic studies across various languages. Most frequently, the F0 value of a vowel has been suggested to be a cue to the voiced/voiceless distinction of the preceding consonant. In Korean, segmental F0 can be useful for differentiating the three typical manners (lax, tense, and aspirated) of stop and affricate articulation. Earlier phonetic studies have found that F0 of a vowel onset becomes higher after strong stops (eg., tense and aspirated sounds) and lower after lax stops. It is also suggested that this effect is more salient in Korean than European languages like English and French. If the segmental F0 effect is going to be helpful for speech recognition, it has to be detectable outside the carefully controlled data used for phonetic studies. I show that automatic measurements over a large amount of data can also capture the effect. Other related issues regarding segmental perturbation which have not been dealt with in earlier studies are also investigated. Integration of the segmental F0 effect with speech recognition is achieved using demisyllables as basic recognition units. As some demisyllables are composed of both an onset consonant and the front part of the nucleus, it is relatively easy for them to carry characteristics of the consonant-vowel relation, such as segmental F0, on their own. Besides, I find that an HMM demisyllable based recogniser performs better than a baseline HMM recogniser with phone-like units even before F0 is included. Thus, using demisyllables in Korean speech recognition has an independent motivation. In addition, a lexicon modification technique by pronunciation modelling is introduced to further enhance the recognition performance. I show that inclusion of F0 in the demisyllable recogniser gives further improvement in results.
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Ashby, Michael. "Experimental phonetics in Britain, 1890-1940." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d8bbffae-8a4e-478e-ba65-0f5a5bbd66e1.
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This study provides the first critical history of British developments in phonetic science from 1890 to the beginning of the Second World War. It draws on both published and unpublished documentary evidence, and on original digital analyses of contemporary images, experimental data, and sound recordings. Experimental phonetics had diverse origins embracing medicine, physics and philology. A survey of the nineteenth century background shows that by 1890 significant British contributions in all three fields could have furnished the makings of a native approach to phonetics as an experimental science, but they failed to come together for a variety of bureaucratic, professional and personal reasons. Experimental phonetics-an academic fashion as much as a scientific specialism-was instead imported from Germany and France, and it had little continuity with British antecedents. The study details the earliest British phonetics laboratories, their personnel, equipment, and research programmes, providing the first extensive account of the UCL laboratory, and bringing to light a forgotten 1930s laboratory in Newcastle. The major methods of empirical investigation of the period are scrutinised, rehabilitating long-neglected British origins. The early work of Daniel Jones is extensively re-evaluated, establishing his scientific credentials, and the career of Stephen Jones, the first academic in Britain to earn a salary as an experimental phonetician, receives detailed treatment. New light is thrown on many neglected figures, including W. A. Aikin, E. R. Edwards, John G. McKendrick, and Wilfred Perrett, while a detailed investigation of the work of Sir Richard Paget reveals the astonishing accuracy of his auditory analyses. The study concludes with an account of the career of Robert Curry, the first recognisably modern and professional speech scientist to emerge in Britain.
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Brenner, Daniel Scott. "The Phonetics of Mandarin Tones in Conversation." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/578721.
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Mandarin tone categories are universally thought to center on pitch information, but previous work (Berry, 2009; Brenner, 2013) has shown that pitch cues reduce in the conversational context, as do the other concurrent cues such as duration or intensity that secondarily signal tone categories. This dissertation presents two experiments (an isolated word perception experiment, and a dictation experiment) aimed at discovering how Mandarin listeners deal with these reduced cues under everyday conversational conditions. It is found that detailed spectral information is far more useful in the perception of Mandarin tones—both in isolated words and in the perception of full conversational utterances—than pitch contours, and that the removal of pitch from the recordings does not greatly influence perception of the tone categories.
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Ogasawara, Naomi. "Processing of Speech Variability: Vowel Reduction in Japanese." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194217.
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This dissertation investigates the processing of speech variability, allophonic and indexical variation in Japanese. A series of speech perception experiments were conducted with reduced and fully voiced vowels in Japanese as a test case. Reduced vowels should be difficult for listeners to hear because they are acoustically less salient than fully voiced vowels, due to the lack of relevant physiological properties. On the other hand, reduced vowels between voiceless consonants represent more common phonological patterns than fully voiced vowels. Furthermore, previous studies found that Japanese listeners were capable of hearing completely deleted vowels. Listeners intuitively maintain CV syllables in perception, hearing a vowel after each consonant in order to avoid obstruent clusters (a violation of Japanese phonotactics).It was found that listeners made good use of acoustic, phonological, and phonotactic knowledge of their native language for processing allophonic variants. In word recognition, listeners performed better when reduced vowels were in the environment where vowel reduction was expected. The phonological appropriateness of an allophone was judged in relation to adjacent consonants on both sides, and the facilitatory effect of appropriateness of reduced vowels surpassed the inhibitory effect of their acoustic weakness. However, in terms of sound detection, listeners found reduced and fully voiced vowels equally easy to hear in an environment where vowel reduction was expected. Although reduced vowels were phonologically appropriate between voiceless consonants, the phonological appropriateness merely balanced out acoustic weakness; it was not strong enough to surpass it. In addition, the phonological appropriateness of an allophone was judged based only on the preceding consonant, which suggests that listeners processed sounds linearly. Furthermore, the study found that phonological appropriateness of the allophone was affected by dialectal differences and speech rates. Listeners' preference for a certain allophone was influenced by the phonology of a listeners' native dialect and expectation was skewed by fast speech rates.This study suggests that current speech perception models need modification to account for the processing of speech variability taking language-specific phonological knowledge into consideration. The study demonstrated that it is important to investigate at which stage phonological inference takes place during processing.
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Gregio, Fabiana Nogueira. "Configuração do trato vocal supraglótico na produção das vogais do português brasileiro: dados de imagens de ressonância magnética." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2006. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13780.
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Previous issue date: 2006-05-05Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
To characterize the supraglottic vocal tract shaping in the production of the seven oral and five nasal vowels of brazilian portuguese from the articulatory point of view by means of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: The subject of this study, one female native speaker of brazilian portuguese, had no previous alterations of speech, language or of neurological and auditory systems and with neither dental nor articulator alterations. The magnetic resonance images, collected during the production of the vowels sustained by the speaker, were analyzed for articulatory characterization. The results were considered according to articulatory and acoustic data researched in the related literature. Results and discussion: The nasal vowels, unlike the oral ones, presented three different moments, which are characterized by changes in the position of the articulators during their production; while the oral vowels presented only one moment/phase. The oral vowels, when compared to the nasal, maintained similar characteristics, being articulatorily classified by the position of their tongue-surface (both vertically and horizontally), by the opening of the oral cavity, by the rounding of the lips and by the position of the soft palate. The vowels that presented the greater differences, when compared to their oral and nasal counterparts, were [a]-[ã], [o]-[õ] and [u]-[uâ]. Production of nasal vowels took a longer time than their oral counterparts yielding a larger number of frames captured. Conclusion: Data obtained by means of MRI has allowed the analysis of the movements of the articulators during the production of the vowels contributing to: increasing the knowledge of brazilian portuguese vowels production mechanisms; characterizing the brazilian portuguese vowels inventory; providing insights to the evaluation and rehabilitation of speech disorders
Caracterizar a configuração do trato vocal supraglótico na produção das sete vogais orais e cinco nasais do português brasileiro do ponto de vista articulatório por meio de imagens de ressonância magnética (IRM). Métodos: Atuou como sujeito da pesquisa, um falante do gênero feminino nativo do português brasileiro, com histórico negativo para alterações de fala, linguagem e dos sistemas neurológico e auditivo e ausência de alterações dentárias e de articuladores. As imagens de ressonância magnética, coletadas durante a produção das vogais sustentadas pelo falante, foram analisadas para caracterização articulatória. Os resultados foram considerados em relação aos dados articulatórios e acústicos pesquisados na literatura. Resultados e discussão: As vogais nasais, ao contrário das orais, apresentaram três momentos distintos, caracterizados por mudanças no posicionamento dos articuladores durante sua emissão; enquanto que as vogais orais apresentaram apenas um momento/fase. As vogais orais, quando comparadas com as nasais, mantiveram características semelhantes, sendo classificadas articulatoriamente pelo posicionamento do dorso de língua (no sentido vertical e horizontal), pela abertura da cavidade oral, pelo arredondamento labial e pelo posicionamento do palato mole. As vogais que apresentaram maior modificação, quando comparadas entre suas correspondentes oral e nasal, foram [a]-[ã], [o]-[õ] e [u]-[uâ]. As vogais nasais revelaram um tempo maior que suas correspondentes orais obtendo um maior número de quadros capturados. Conclusão: Os dados obtidos por meio de IRM permitiram analisar os movimentos dos articuladores durante a produção das vogais contribuindo para: ampliação do conhecimento dos mecanismos de produção das vogais do português brasileiro; caracterização do inventário de vogais do português brasileiro; e reflexões na avaliação e reabilitação das alterações de fala
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Deshmukh, Om Dadaji. "Synergy of acoustic-phonetics and auditory modeling towards robust speech recognition." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3952.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.Thesis research directed by: Electrical Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Kung, Wan-sum Anita. "Frequency discrimination of speech and nonspeech sounds by children." Click to view the E-thesis via HKU Scholors Hub, 2005. http://lookup.lib.hku.hk/lookup/bib/B38279216.
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Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 2005."A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, June 30, 2005." Also available in print.
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Leung, Ka Yee. "Combining acoustic features and articulatory features for speech recognition /." View Abstract or Full-Text, 2002. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?ELEC%202002%20LEUNGK.
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Thesis (M. Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 92-96). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.
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Huynh, Yin-sau Christine. "Training perceptual rating of hypernasality with co-existing speech disorders." Click to view the E-thesis via HKU Scholars Hub, 2007. http://lookup.lib.hku.hk/lookup/bib/B42005036.
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Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 2007."A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, June 30, 2007." Includes bibliographical references (p. 24-27). Also available in print.
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Byers, Emily. "Reduced vowel production in American English among Spanish-English bilinguals." FIU Digital Commons, 2012. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/800.
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Prominent views in second language acquisition suggest that the age of L2 learning is inversely correlated with native-like pronunciation (Scovel, 1988; Birdsong, 1999). The relationship has been defined in terms of the Critical Period Hypothesis, whereby various aspects of neural cognition simultaneously occur near the onset of puberty, thus inhibiting L2 phonological acquisition. The current study tests this claim of a chronological decline in pronunciation aptitude through the examination of a key trait of American English – reduced vowels, or “schwas.” Groups of monolingual, early bilingual, and late bilingual participants were directly compared across a variety of environments phonologically conditioned for vowel reduction. Results indicate that late bilinguals have greater degrees of difficulty in producing schwas, as expected. Results further suggest that the degree of differentiation between schwa is larger than previously identified and that these subtle differences may likely be a contributive factor to the perception of a foreign accent in bilingual speakers.
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Hartinger, Mariam. "Untersuchungen der Sprechmotorik von Polterern mit Hilfe der Elektromagnetischen Mediosagittalen Artikulographie (EMMA) /." Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] : Lang, 2008. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016243303&line_number=0004&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Lee, Kar-yan Kanei. "Rating hypernasality speaker and listener language effect /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKU Scholors Hub, 2005. http://lookup.lib.hku.hk/lookup/bib/B38279253.
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Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 2005."A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, June 30, 2005." Also available in print.
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Jian, Francine Hua-Li. "Suprasegmental properties of Taiwanese speech and their role in human perception and recognition by machine." Thesis, University of Reading, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298416.
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Satravaha, Nuttavudh. "Tone classification of syllable-segmented Thai speech based on multilayer perceptron." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2002. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2280.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2002.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 130 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 107-118).
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Garrido, Almiñana Juan María. "Modelling Spanish Intonation for Text-to-Speech Applications." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/4885.
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Niu, Xiaochuan. "Measurement, analysis, and detection of nasalization in speech." Full text open access at:, 2008. http://content.ohsu.edu/u?/etd,623.
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Lacerda, Francisco. "Effects of peripheral auditory adaptation on the discrimination of speech sounds." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för lingvistik, 1987. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-37511.
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This study investigates perceptual effects of discharge rate adaptation in the auditory-nerve fibers. Discrimination tests showed that brief synthetic stimuli with stationary formants and periodic source were better discriminated when they had an abrupt as opposed to a gradual onset (non-adapted vs adapted condition). This effect was not observed for corresponding stimuli with noise source. Discrimination among synthetic /da/ stimuli (abrupt onsets) was worse than among /ad/ stimuli when the respective onset and offset frequencies of the second formant (F2) were varied. Similar results were obtained for /ba/ and /ab/. The low discrimination rate in consonant-vowel stimuli (CV) was explained in terms of sensory smearing of spectral information due to rapid formant transitions. Discrimination improved when the smearing effect was reduced by holding the onset formant pattern over a certain period of time of about 1 6ms. The relatively high discrimination score for the VC stimuli was explained by residual masking; extending the VC offset did not improve discrimination. Discrimination of place of articulation in CV syllables was examined in the light of sensory smearing. Two continua of /bu-du/ and /ba-da/ utterances were used in discrimination and identification experiments. It was observed that the discrimination peak for /Cu/ was displaced from the /b/-/d/ boundary, towards a flat F2 transition, suggesting that optimal place discrimination is related to the stability of the auditory representations generated at onset. This result is discussed in relation to current views of categorical perception.För att köpa boken skicka en beställning till exp@ling.su.se/ To order the book send an e-mail to exp@ling.su.se
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Kwok, Chui-ling Irene. "Electropalatographic investigation of normal Cantonese speech : a qualitative and quantitative analysis /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1992. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B38626135.
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McGuire, Grant Leese. "Phonetic category learning." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1190065715.
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Sellman, R. Thomas. "Word hypothesis from undifferentiated, errorful phonetic strings /." Online version of thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11727.
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Jackson, Helen Mary. "The role of temporal fine structure in pitch and speech perception." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608187.
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Yan, Kam-sum Tom. "Dyspraxia of speech in a British family an acoustic study of diphthong production /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKU Scholars Hub, 2003. http://lookup.lib.hku.hk/lookup/bib/B38890999.
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Thesis (B.Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2003."A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, April 30, 2003." Includes bibliographical references (p. 29-31) Also available in print.
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Sundberg, Ulla. "Mother tongue - Phonetic Aspects of Infant-Directed Speech." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för lingvistik, 1998. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-40216.
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Phonetic aspects of mother-infant interaction are discussed in light of a functionalist Mother-infant phonetic interaction (MIPhI) model. Adults addressing infants typically use a speech style (infant-directed speech, IDS) characterized by, for instance, extensive suprasegmental (prosodic) modulations. This type of speech seems to interest young infants whose active experience with the spoken language appears to focus their speech perception on the phonological properties of the ambient language during the first year of life. This thesis consists of four articles discussing phonetic modifications at the suprasegmental, segmental and phonological levels, based on data from six Swedish mothersí IDS to their 3-month-olds. The first study concerns the tonal word accent 2 in disyllabic words, and shows how the lexical, bimodal, tonal characteristics of this accent are enhanced in IDS as compared to adult-directed speech (ADS). The second is a cross-linguistic investigation of vowel formant frequencies in Swedish, Am. English and Russian IDS. It shows that vowels like /i/, /u/, and /a/ are more clearly separated in IDS than in ADS, in all three languages. The third study addresses the voiced /voiceless contrast in stop consonants as measured by voice onset time (VOT) and shows that stop consonants seem to be poorly separated in early IDS samples. The fourth study investigates the quantity distinction in V:C and VC: sequences and indicates that this phonological contrast is well maintained in the IDS. Adult data are discussed within the MIPhI model, assuming that suprasegmental and segmental specifications in IDS follow different phonetic specification paths adapted to the infantsí capacities as these develop over the first 18 months of life. The adultsí phonetic adaptations appear to reflect a selective strategy of presenting linguistic structure in a ìgift-wrappingî that is attractive and functional for the infant.För att köpa boken skicka en beställning till exp@ling.su.se/ To order the book send an e-mail to exp@ling.su.se
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Samokhina, Natalya. "Phonetics and Phonology of Regressive Voicing Assimilation in Russian Native and Non-native Speech." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194543.
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In recent years, a great deal of research on second language (L2) acquisition has been concerned with non-target production of L2 learners, addressing issues such as native language (L1) transfer into L2 and the nature and source of developmental errors. Previous studies have mostly focused on the analysis of discrete L2 segments (Flege 1987, 1999; Major & Kim 1996), rather than on L2 phonological patterns. This study, however, examines the production of sequences of sounds in Russian L1 and L2 from both the phonetic and phonological perspectives.This dissertation investigates native and non-native production of real and nonsense words containing obstruent clusters in which a phonological phenomenon known as regressive voicing assimilation is required. In Russian, forms like lodka `boat' are rendered orthographically with a voiced obstruent which is pronounced as a voiceless one when followed by a voiceless obstruent. The results of the experiments reveal several production patterns in L1 and L2 speech as well as gradiency in devoicing which are further analyzed within the stochastic Optimality Theory framework. Categorical production is accounted for by the re-ranking of L1 and L2 constraints; whereas, gradiency in production is viewed as a result of the re-ranking of constraints within phonetically detailed constraint families.
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Bland, Justin. "Speech style, syllable stress, and the second-language acquisition of Spanish /e/ and /o/." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78109.
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This study examines the effects of speech style, syllable stress, and proficiency level on the production of the second-language (L2) Spanish vowels /e/ and /o/. The study addresses traditional descriptions of L2 Spanish (e.g. Stockwell & Bowen, 1965), which claim that English-speaking learners, unlike native speakers (NSs), reduce vowels in unstressed syllables and diphthongize /e/ and /o/ in stressed syllables. Additionally, it adds to previous research by investigating how speech style affects L2 Spanish vowels, how these effects change by course level, and how they compare to NS style-shifting. Data was gathered from 55 adult learners of Spanish (SLs) at three course levels, as well as 10 NSs of Spanish using two elicitation tasks at different levels of formality. A total of 7,740 word-medial tokens of /e/ and /o/ was extracted, and vowels' F1, F2, duration, and diphthongization were measured using Praat. ANOVA tests were run to determine the main and interaction effects of participant group, elicitation task, and syllable stress on these four response variables for each vowel. Significant main effects as well as interaction effects were found for group, task, and stress on the F1 and F2 of /e/ and /o/, as well as interaction effects, providing evidence that the SLs and NSs centralized their unstressed vowels, that /e/ and /o/ became more raised and peripheral as course level increased, and that the SLs at all levels peripheralized their vowels in formal speech.Master of Arts
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Shirai, Setsuko. "Lexical effects in Japanese vowel reduction /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8381.
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Lo, Lap-yan. "Tonal perception and its implication for linguistic relativity." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B39848978.
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