Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Philosophy in 18c'
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Wheatley, Philip. "The form, meaning and context of sensibility in eigteenth-century Britain : with particular reference to the literature of the period 1740-94." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235786.
Full textBellamy, Elizabeth Clare. "Private virtues, public vices : commercial morality and the novel 1740-1800." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328411.
Full textThrower, Michael F. A. "The Hegelian objective mind in education." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285133.
Full textBailey, Judith. "Shaping Plato : interpreting Plato's philosophy through his geometry." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2015. http://arro.anglia.ac.uk/702194/.
Full textKotecha, Shreena. "Meaning and exegesis in the philosophy of St. Augustine." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.658872.
Full textBenzi, Nicolo. "Philosophy in verse : competition and Early Greek philosophical thought." Thesis, Durham University, 2016. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11568/.
Full textJones, Scott R., and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Critical realist philosophy for science." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2002, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/184.
Full texti, 95 leaves ; 28 cm.
Davieau, Nicolas. "Le corps des philosophes : traditions biographiques et construction de la personne du philosophe chez Diogène Laërce." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010629.
Full textBased on an analysis of the biographical traditions compiled and preserved by Diogenes Laertius, this thesis assesses the significance of anecdotes depicting the body of philosophers in the development of the figure of an ideal philosopher and in these philosopher’ building of their own persona. Whilst ancient philosophers are primarly known to us through texts and doctrinal systems, the insights into their bodily pratcices and their reflections on the subject – diet, physical activity, clothing health – which are reported in ancient biographical testimonies are also worth investigating. This study examines the extent to which and the different ways in which the body can be ssen as the field of practice for the theories and for the philosopher’s relationship to their own mortal body (disease, old age and death). The investigation also provides a pragmatic reading of the work of Diogene Laertius, considered as an author and not merely as a compiler
Irrera, Elena. "Power and wisdom : the craft of ruling in Aristotle's philosophy." Thesis, Durham University, 2004. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1268/.
Full textPlatanakis, Charilaos. "The concept of equality in Aristotle’s moral and political philosophy." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.443464.
Full textPetraki, Zacharoula Anastasiou. "Platonic poetics into philiosophy : the Republic's language of philosophy and Pindar's epinician odes." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419724.
Full textGuyot, Patrick. "La mise en place d'une nouvelle philosophie de la physique au 18e siècle." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00796096.
Full textKim, Jong-Cheol. "La critique des préjugés en France au XVIIIe siècle : de Montesquieu à Dumarsais." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010573.
Full textTo the thinkers of the enlightenment, the prejudices are difined as the social evils. However it is important to note the variety of conceptions. In the first half of the enlightenment, there is a dumarsais who want, in a simple way, to end those evils, while a montesquieu want to keep that is existent. In fact, the various forms of the struggles that they have adopted against the prejudices constitute the philosophy of the enlightenment
Read, March Brett Ashley. "Realism and non-realism in astronomy from Ptolemy to Kepler." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2001. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/realism-and-nonrealism-in-astronomy-from-ptolemy-to-kepler(76ef691f-f39e-49d5-9f65-a6379a386d35).html.
Full textRasmussen, Will Spain. "Resolving inconsistencies in Plato : the problem of Socratic wisdom in the 'Apology' and the 'Charmides'." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2006. http://sas-space.sas.ac.uk/1051/.
Full textBatra, Anupa. "Experience, Time, and the Subject: Deleuze's Transformation of Kant's Critical Philosophy." OpenSIUC, 2010. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/181.
Full textRedgrave, Kim. "All happy families are not alike : a feminist Aristotelian perspective on the good family." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2014. http://repository.londonmet.ac.uk/993/.
Full textHan, Jacques. "La structure de la philosophie de Socrate selon Platon." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H205/document.
Full textAccording to Plata, the philosophy of Socrates is structured around six terms: Form, soul, ignorance, knowledge, virtue, and dialectics. The soul, which is immortal, is the source of all goods and all evils, since it is the principle of spontaneous movement, and consequently the first cause of all movements, whether intellective, sensitive, or physical. Therefore, to make the city and its citizens just means, above all, making their soul just. Yet how can a soul be made better if one does not know the very cause of what is good and what is bad? ln the first dialogues, Socrates philosophizes against ignorance as the cause of vice, which deprives the soul of virtue. ln the late dialogues, Socrates philosophizes in favor of knowledge, that is, the knowledge of that which is, which is the very source of virtue. Yet how can one know that which is, if reality or being never cease changing? Hence the need for the existence of intelligible realities that are universal and immutable, in which sensible realities, which are particular and changing, participate. A question arises: if refutation is the means of revealing ignorance through dialogue, what is the means for knowing that which is? The answer is dialectic, which, through dialogue, allows one to recall the genuine realities which the soul once contemplated
Egan, Jonathan. "A genealogy of immanence : from Democritus to Epicurus and Nietzsche." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 2012. http://eprints.staffs.ac.uk/1875/.
Full textLederman, Jean. "La philosophie des Lumières dans le Biur de Moses Mendelssohn." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0135.
Full textThe philosophy of the Enlightenment in the Biur of Moses Mendelssohn is based upon the hypothesis that through his biblical commentary in hebrew (Biur), Mendelssohn (1729-86) is seeking to enlighten the jew of the ghetto as a man (Mensch) and then to emancipate him as a citizen (Bürger). Using the inductive method, we restored the corpus of the Enlightenment in the Biur, found it's sources and compared it to Mendelssohn's german works written in the same period (1780-83). For Mendelssohn, Enlightenment deals in particular with theory and human rational knowledge which allow a reflection upon the things of life. Most of the themes found in the Biuir - language, optimism, didactism, immortality, ethics, natural religion, criticism and religious freedom - suit that definition. They constitute the chapters of the first section : "MAN". The mid-section, "MAN AND CITIZEN", includes only two chapters and deals with both religion and social integration of the jews. The last section, "THE CITIZEN" has only one chapter and analyses the social integration of the jews
Baysson, Hubert. "L'idée d'étranger chez les philosophes des Lumières." Lyon 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO33008.
Full textMcCardell, Elizabeth Eve. "Catching the ball : constructing the reciprocity of embodiment /." McCardell, Elizabeth Eve (2001) Catching the ball: constructing the reciprocity of embodiment. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2001. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/189/.
Full textMantilla, Lagos Carla Eugenia. "Cavell, M. (2006). Becoming a subject. Reflections in philosophy and psychoanalysis. Nueva York: Oxford University Press. 182 p." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/101369.
Full textHoquet, Thierry. "Buffon : histoire naturelle et philosophie." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100176.
Full textBuffon's natural history offers an important revision of the four principal philosophical disciplines, namely: logic, physics, ethics and metaphysics. Buffon's work is based in a logic of comparison. Buffon is opposed to Linnean classification methods and he rejects the application of mathematics to the study of physics. The work constitutes a systematic and hypothetical physics, in no way reducible to the baconian method which depends on a more historical collection of data or facts. Buffon's physics, moreover, condemns vain curiosity and speculation, aiming instead at the discovery of general effects, such as the laves of nature. Observation, induction and analogy are the key methods Buffon relies on for his investigations. Buffon's physics, furthermore, refutes the validity of moral considerations and denies the importance of final causes or ends. Buffon, additionally, seeks to forge the way for a new metaphysics, describing the body and soul through mutual comparison. It is in these ways, among others, that Buffon redefines the four elements of philosophy
Spetschinsky, Sergueï. "Dualisme et réflexion: le passage entre théorique et pratique dans la philosophie transcendantale d'Immanuel Kant." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209732.
Full textDoctorat en Philosophie
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Daled, Pierre-Frédéric. "Le matérialisme occulté et la genèse du sensualisme: histoires écrite et réelle de la philosophie en France." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211068.
Full textOcculted Materialism and the Genesis of « Sensualism ».
Histories, Written and Real, of Philosophy in France
This thesis reveals the historic schemes and the intentional occultations of materialism as imposed in France by the uniform conceptions of the writing of the history of philosophy of Degérando, Cousin and Damiron. Beside the anti-materialism generalized by the early nineteenth-century historians of philosophy, with the exception of Paul-Marie Laurent, the author also underlines the genesis of their conceptual innovations :the appearance, between 1801 and 1804, through Kant and Villers, of the doctrinal category of « sensualism », at that time unheard of in France. The effects of both omissions and innovations are still affecting us today. Forgetting them brings about a good bit of anachronisms.
Agrégation de l'enseignement supérieur, Orientation philosophie et lettres
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Lu, Wanfen. "Le Marquis d'Argens : de la philosophie au roman." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040314.
Full textThe marquis d’Argens (1703-1771) was the son of a general attorney at the parliament of Aix-en-Provence. He went into exile to Holland and became allied of the Protestants. There he wrote under the guidance of Prosper Marchand, one of Pierre Bayle’s most influent heirs. At the age of 32, d’Argens published a series of philosophical letters, intitulated Lettres juives, Lettres cabalistiques et Lettres chinoises”. We consider that his correspondence philosophique is not a compilation of Pierre Bayle’s works but that it is a fiction based on the exigency of artistical originality and a keen understanding of history. In this work the Provençal writer shows us his deep knowledge of theological, philosophical and moral scriptures, from antiquity up to the eighteenth century. We demonstrate that his fictional work reveals his will of transforming the theological system based on scholastic legacy into some skeptical and at the same time rationalist way of thinking. D'Argens was a disciple of Fontenelle, but also an assiduous reader of Richard Simon who is probably the most prominent inspirer of his Lettres juive, d'Argens is a precursor of the “philosophie des Lumières” and a novelist trying, through fictions, to elaborate a thoroughly individualistic moral philosophy
Van, Staen Christophe. "J.-J. Rousseau: l'unité organique d'un système de pensée en question." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211342.
Full textElachmit, Jamal. "Littérature d'enfance et de jeunesse et philosophie des Lumières : Arnaud Berquin, 1747-1791." Bordeaux 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR30032.
Full textIn the beginning of the eighteenth century in France, the child and the adult had both the same literature (fairy tale, fable. . . ). The childhood wasn't thought as a specific age which had particular needs. In the second half of the century, the childhood became, in the middle-class and in a part of the aristocracy, a particular stage needing a specific literature. The adolescence, compressed for a long time, moved equally and was admitted as a different stage from the child and from adult. A category of authors set up in order to write for this new public. Arnaud Berquin (1747-1791) was one of them. He created the press for the children and the adolescents by publishing “L'Ami des enfants” (The children’s friend) and “L'Ami de l'adolescence” (The adolescence's friend) from 1782-1784. We tried to determine their literary sources and finally to analyze their literary styles. By another way, we have studied the theme and the idea of the family in the two periodicals. Through these different fields of investigation, our care has been to analyze how Berquin has adapted the philosophical ideas of enlightenment to children, to adolescents and to parents
Barroux, Gilles. "Philosophie et médecine : le discours sur la maladie au cours de la seconde moitié du dix-huitème siècle : esquisse d'une anthropologie médicale." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100084.
Full textIn the Encyclopaedia, the entry under medicine takes a new approach in the definition of the different medical disciplines. The content of these new definitions is epistemological, social, moral and political. The study of the disease and the medical practices are two main themes. Study of semiological and nosological traditions, just as much as progress in anatomy and in pathological anatomy, leads to constantly renew the survey of the diseased subject. Medical thought evolves between an epidemical lecture of illness, originating from Antiquity, and a process of individuation : detect each kind of disease, each kind of population, each kind of individual prone to catch them. However, the bases of a real aetiology are not met as shown with the example of fevers. Reviewing medical practices is before all reviewing a conflict : exposing the empirics, medicine still remains subject to empiricism and this cannot be overcome. Experiment remains ambivalent, thus playing an essential part in constructing an identity of medicine, i. E. The clinical approach, but also in developing new practices such as inoculation. Last but not least, the same period in time sees the appearance of a social medicine, a medicine of regeneration mostly expressed with the development of hygiene. Between Hippocratic restraint, moral supremacy and social institution : hygiene alone could be considered a reflection of the historical and epistemological situation of medicine in this century. During the second half of the 18th century medical philosophy reconstructs the concepts of causality, limitation and relationship as applied in other sciences, expressing an espistemological approach applied to mankind
Kabiri-Dautricourt, Firouzeh. "La philosophie islamique dans la pensée du 18ème siècle : traduction et commentaire du traité De philosophia Saracenorum de Jacob Brucker." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040039.
Full textBeginning in the mid-17th century, when Europe was torn apart by religious conflicts and philosophers began to redefine the principles of religion, policy, and morals, one discovered the Muslim world through travel accounts and works of Eastern scholars. Whereas the English focused on the question of Muhammad's prophecy and the French on his political action and on Eastern literature, the Germans concentrated on the philosophy of the Muslims. It was the Leibnizian-inspired project of writing a universal history of philosophy which led the German pastor Jacob Brucker to dedicate a significant place in his Historia critica philosophiae to his treatise De philosophia saracenorum, whose echo in France is Diderot's celebrated Sarrasins. I have studied Islamic philosophy in 18th century thinking through J. Brucker's treatise, comparing it with that of his contemporaries, and taking into account the intellectual climate of the time and the "combat des Lumières." Similarly, by analyzing the associations between several chapters of Brucker's Historia critica and some articles by Diderot on Islamic philosophy, I have attempted to determine how much the authors of the Encyclopedia are indebted to the work of the pastor of Augsburg
Bourotte, Yann. "Philosophie, Révolution et historicités (1789-1794." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010706.
Full textBoury, Dominique. "La philosophie médicale de Théophile de Bordeu (1722-1776)." Lille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIL30017.
Full textSmith, Antony. "Seneca's 'De ira' : a study." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c64a2fba-8ba0-4f14-919f-f59ce11cfe34.
Full textDos, Santos Nélio Gilberto. "Préservation et Usage. Le dualisme de la fin chez Aristote." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL142.
Full textAccording to Aristotle, the final cause is twofold, as it indicates in five strategic places of the corpus: concerning the causal relation between finality and matter, in Physics II; with respect to the purpose of animal reproduction, in De Anima II; and a little further on, in this same work, this dualism is affirmed to enlighten the way in which the soul is end for the body; in Eudemian Ethics, where is it to specify the way in which the god is an end for practical wisdom; finally, concerning the teleological causality of the Prime Mover, in Metaphysics Λ. This teleological dualism, formulated in the occurrences of De Anima II through the technical expression τὸ οὗ and τὸ ᾧ, having been developed in a study that has not survived to our times, is frequently understood in terms of purpose in technical production and translated by "purpose" and "beneficiary". However, this attempt to clarify this laconic expression raises quite significant problems, including that of its relevance for the approach of the natural phenomena that it is supposed to explain. This study attempts to restore this dualism of the end at the centre of Aristotelian understanding of teleology. The examination of occurrences, as well as the study of the major themes of finality in Aristotle's philosophy of nature, lead us to put forward two notions that make explicit what the teleological dualism refers to: the notion of usage, χρῆσις, and that of preservation, σωτηρία
Pantelides, Fotini. "On what Socrates hoped to achieve in the Agora : the Socratic act of turning our attention to the truth." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21024.
Full textBlomac, Nicole de. "Le cheval, moyen et mode vie : l'œuvre du marquis de Voyer, militaire, philosophe et entrepreneur, (1722-1782)." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0007.
Full textLune, David E., and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "A theory of strategy." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2003, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/188.
Full textvi, 91 leaves ; 28 cm.
Balázs, Péter. "La philosophie politique et morale du marquis d'Argenson (1694-1757)." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010617.
Full textLerousseau, Andrée. "Philosophie allemande et destin juif : 1770 - 1850." Lille 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL30022.
Full textIn the emancipation context of the european society, from the eve of the french revolution to the days following the 1848 revolution, the german progressive thinking, who claims to be the heiress of the reformation, prevents the integration of the jews in the modern society. By means of critics on the revelation and the religion, which clings to the social prejudice, the philosophy carries out the traditional christian antijudaism to the modern antisemitism, while ignoring the efforts of the jewish intelligentsia to make possible a dialogue where modernity could be inscribed. In a conspicuous simplistic approach of the jewish religion, this philosophy pretends rationalizing jew-hatred, bringing a scientifical-like guarantee. + judaism ;, the symbol of disfigurement and expression, for the non-jewish thinkers, of an exacerbated particularism, have to disappear in order for the humanity-redemption to happen. Far from being an epiphenomenon as it is often suggested, antisemitism is a true component of the philosophy of history and religion. Escaping any possible classification, it contaminates too the progress thought, and, from kant to young marx, there is no one philosopher who did not contribute to elaborate this + imaginary-jew ; accompanied by distorted scars. At the end, the exclusion of the jew is the reflexion of the aspiration of germany, becoming more and more assertive, to appear as the new + chosen-people ;, claiming to israel, on the grounds of the metahistory, the privilege of being the chosen-one
Schneider, Ulrich Johannes. "Die schweren Schritte des Nachdenkens." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-149094.
Full textNétillard, Claire. "L'origine de la parole : la réflexion sur la genèse du langage chez les grammairiens et les philosophes du XVIIIe siècle." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040228.
Full textRecent works on 18th century linguistic theories invite us to readdress grammars and philosophical texts on the question of the origin of languages. .
Maricourt, Denis. "Les figures de l'éclectisme dans la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040100.
Full textYuva, Ayşe. "L'efficace de la philosophie en temps de révolution : principes de gouvernement, enseignement et opinion publique en France et en Allemagne (1794-1815)." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010694.
Full textStorey, Damien. "Mere appearances : appearance, belief, & desire in Plato's Protagoras, Gorgias, & Republic." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b13abb0f-978d-4b70-ab01-7c5a4ef448a4.
Full textLabussière, Jean-Louis. "Individu et individuation dans la philosophie des Lumières." Dijon, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988DIJOL008.
Full textThe author endeavors to study the status of the individual, and if need be, of individuation, as well on the metaphysical plane as through the various fields of scientific knowledge, granting a privileged importance to law and natural history. The distinction between cosmos and nature is the leading thread followed, naturalism, whatever form it may assume, appearing as a kind of anti-individualism, and the concept of the individual as a cosmological concept. Sensualism is precisely deeply naturalistic and constitutes a sort of inverted Aristotelianism in the same way as the doctrine of Buffon. Montesquieu and Maupertuis, between whom a link is established, both grant a very distinctive place to the notion of cosmos, but reduce the individual to a hazardous being. As to the encylopaedists, studied through Diderot and his theory of individual quality, their conception of the cosmos cannot be isolated from a certain aestheticism: what is individual is for them an irreducible form of that which has been lived. Finally, it is on the ethical plane that the age of enlightenment has best formulated the problem of the individual, i. E. That of singularity, as the author tries to demonstrate it through the study of Rousseau and Kant
Sienkiewicz, Stefan Fareed Abbas. "Five modes of scepticism : an analysis of the Agrippan modes in Sextus Empiricus' Outlines of Pyrrhonism." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2f49a75d-164c-4534-aa9e-9579d55be086.
Full textFauvergue, Claire. "Diderot et la philosophie de l'inquiétude." Toulouse 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU20049.
Full textVieillard, Bertrand. "Le tact du peintre, le toucher du philosophe : Chardin et la pensée française du XVIIIe siècle." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040297.
Full textIn a century when the sense of touch is beginning to be a major philosophical preoccupation, Chardin’s painting presents the viewer with a visual analogon of man’s tactile relationship with the world. But while philosophers favour an approach to the sense of touch which primarily defines it as the desire to have power over a thing through the physical contact established by touching it, Chardin makes room, in the content of his painting, as well as in his brushwork, for different modes of touching, beyond and before mere contact. This singular aim is a distinctive feature of tact, where what is at stake is not only mere sensual perception, but also the constitution of subjectivity itself, of the relationship between minds and, finally, of the objective affinity of beings. This approach to the sense of touch being also what science and philosophy of the XVIIIth century secretly aspire to, Chardin’s paintings are revelatory of how the works of a great painter bring to light, and at the same time transcend, the most fertile ideas of contemporaries
Audegean, Philippe. "Philosophie réformatrice : Cesare Beccaria et la critique des savoirs de son temps : droit, rhétorique, économie." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010628.
Full text