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1
Dosso, Catherine. "La rencontre avec la musique : la méthode de la collection d’événements." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0305.
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L’écoute musicale enfantine envisagée comme expérience esthétique a fait l’objet de peu de travaux de recherche. En lien avec le flux sonore qui caractérise la musique, nous faisons l’hypothèse qu’un éclairage par le processus événementiel de la rencontre permet d’envisager avec pertinence la spécificité des expériences esthétiques des écoutes enfantines. Notre approche propose de s’appuyer sur les concepts simondiens d’individuation et de disparation, deleuzo-guattariens de synthèse disjonctive, de devenir et de ritournelle, créant cet espace philosophique intensif qui permet l’approche des phénomènes que nous investiguons. Dans une visée éducative, nous produisons à partir de traces un exemplier d’événements dont nous relevons des valences d’affect. Ceux-ci ont valeur d’hypothèse et sont, de notre point de vue, affirmatifs de rencontres possibles avec une oeuvre musicale<br>Children listening to music, considered as an aesthetic experience, has been the subject of little research work. We hypothesize that examining aesthetic experience through the lens of the process of the encounter enables one to rightly consider the specificities of childrens musical listening experiences characterized by the movement of the sound flow. Simondian concepts of transduction and disparation, Deuleuze & Guattari concepts of disjunctive synthesis, hecceity and refrain create an intense philosophical space that enable us to approach the phenomenon that we are investigating. From traces that appear in different forms, we produce here a set of event examples that refuses the ways of a typology that seems incompatible with the phenomenon of the “Encounter”. This set of examples presents events from which we pick affect valencies. We postulate that they are affirmative of an encounter with a musical artwork. Those examples have hypothetic value, and can be seen as possible encouters with music
2
Laousse, Dominique. "L'institutionnalisation de l'innovation intensive dans les transports publics. Industrialiser, métaboliser et gouverner l'innovation." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEM084/document.
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Alors que s’affirme la nécessité vitale de ruptures techniques, économiques et sociales, leurs conditions d’émergence et d’institutionnalisation dans les grandes entreprises demeuraient encore un objet de recherche fondamentale et de nombreuses questions étaient encore ouvertes : quelle ingénierie de conception face à l’innovation intensive ? Quelle organisation mettre en place pour professionnaliser les processus de rupture et les intégrer à l’agenda stratégique ? Quel modèle d’institutionnalisation est compatible avec ce nouveau régime de l’entreprise ? En s’appuyant sur de nombreux travaux étalés sur plus d’une décennie, dans de grandes entreprises de transports publics, cette thèse montre que l’institutionnalisation de l’innovation de rupture se construit et s’analyse selon un modèle à trois dimensions complémentaires : l’industrialisation des méthodes de conception innovante, la métabolisation d’acteurs professionnalisés et la gouvernance de l’innovation intensive. En outre, ce modèle met en lumière le processus d’endogénéisation du pilotage de l’innovation intensive qui est au cœur de cette institutionnalisation. Celui-ci, débute avec la routinisation de dispositifs collaboratifs d’innovation (KCP) sous la forme de « laboratoires/réseaux ». Démontrée de façon répétitive, la puissance générative de ces dispositifs crédibilise de nouveaux domaines innovants, ainsi que les multiples acteurs impliqués. Emerge ensuite une organisation transversale (fonction Innovation Intensive) qui permet de capitaliser sur de nouveaux métabolismes collectifs : l’innovation de rupture s’intègre alors, avec ses repères et ses ressources, dans l’activité quotidienne de l’entreprise. Sur ces bases, une véritable gouvernance « conceptive », adaptée à l’innovation de rupture, est alors rendue possible. Ainsi, l’institutionnalisation de l’innovation de rupture mobilise des formes classiques d’institutionnalisation mais elle s’en éloigne aussi par son couplage nécessaire à la générativité cognitive forte qu’exige la rupture. In fine, ce modèle renvoie d’une certaine manière à l’émergence de l’entreprise moderne elle-même, quand elle a dû institutionnaliser la recherche scientifique<br>While affirming the vital need for technical, economic and social breaks, their conditions of emergence and institutionalization in large companies still remained an object of fundamental research and many questions were still open : what design engineering to face intensive innovation ? What organization should be put in place to professionalize the disruptive processes and integrate them into the strategic agenda ? What model of institutionalization is compatible with this new regime of the firm ? Based on many works spread over more than a decade, in large public transport companies, this thesis shows that the institutionalization of breakthrough innovation is built and analyzed according to a model with three complementary dimensions : the industrialization of innovative design methods, the metabolization of professionalized actors and the governance of intensive innovation. In addition, this model highlights the endogenous process of piloting intensive innovation that is at the heart of this institutionalization. It begins with the routinisation of collaborative innovation devices (KCP) in the form of "laboratories / networks". Demonstrated in a repetitive way, the generative power of these devices gives credibility to new innovative domains, as well as the multiple actors involved. Then emerges a transversal organization (Innovation Intensive function) that capitalizes on new collective metabolism: breakthrough innovation then integrates, with its benchmarks and resources, into the daily activity of the company. On these bases, a real "design" governance, adapted to breakthrough innovation, is then made possible. Thus, the institutionalization of disruptive innovation mobilizes classic forms of institutionalization, but it also distances itself from it by its necessary coupling to the strong cognitive generativity that the rupture requires. Ultimately, this model refers in a certain way to the emergence of the modern enterprise itself, when it has institutionalized scientific research
3
Saint-Cricq, Frédéric. "L'architecture en mode mineur." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MON30007.
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La problématique de notre recherche trouve sa source dans les qualités sensibles des édifices que nous percevons mais ces qualités ne peuvent être attribuées à des concepts et des causes factuelles. Les mots ne peuvent circonscrire le sensible sous le régime de la signification et les concepts sont trop larges pour déterminer l’unicité d’un édifice ou d’un énoncé. Dans le mode majeur de la représentation, la pensée réfléchit des objets et des sujets déjà formés depuis lesquels les attributs sensibles sont signifiés. Mais ce mode majeur de la pensée ne peut saisir l’unicité d’un édifice ou de son énoncé. Cette unicité se réalise dans une occurrence génétique, des dynamiques sensibles et sémiotiques déterminant progressivement les qualités et les énoncés. Notre recherche s’attache à construire une théorie explicitant ces individuations dynamiques Pendant l’individuation d’un édifice, ce sont les variations de puissance sensibles et sémiotiques qui agencent progressivement les énoncés et les contenus sensibles. Toute individuation sollicite un autre mode de la pensée, le mode mineur des affects, qui permet grâce à son opérateur mental, l’intensité, de sentir la variation des puissances sensibles et sémiotiques, le devenir. Une théorie des affects ne peut se construire sans interroger les corps qui s’affectent mutuellement, leurs puissances, et nous obligent à redistribuer les différentes facultés de pensée et de leurs rapports aux passions et aux émotions que la rationalité n’a jamais complètement jugulées. L’affect en tant qu’idée adéquate des devenirs permet de sentir des singularités qui rythment le procès d’une œuvre sensible ou théorique<br>Our research is based on the discernible qualities of the constructions we perceive, but these qualities cannot be attributed to concepts or factual causes. Words, and the whole signifying process, cannot frame the sensorial tangibleness; and the concepts are way too vast to determine the unicity of a building or of its statement. Using a musical metaphor, we say that in a major mode of mental representation we perceive already-formed objects and subjects from which sensorial attributes gain meaning. But this major mode cannot seize how and why a building or its own statement are unique. This unicity of the Perceived is birthed in a genetic occurrence, as sensible and semiotical dynamics progressively determine qualities and statements. The aim of this research is to build a theory of these individuation dynamics. When a building is being “individualized”, it is through the variations of sensible and semiotical powers that progressively arrange the object and the statements. This process demands that we use another way of thinking, that we call the minor mode of affects. This mode has a mental operator - the Intensity - that allows the perception of how sensible and semiotical powers vary - which is the Destiny. We cannot theorize affects without being aware of how material objects are inter-affected, how powerful they are, and how they make us redistribute our thoughts and their relationships to those passions and emotions that rationality will never halt. Affect, as the adequate idea of what will be Destiny, allows the sense of singularities and of how they put rhythm in the process of an oeuvre, whether it is sensible or theoretical
4
Shirani, Takashi. "Singularité et intensité : Deleuze et une philosophie de l'immanence." Paris 8, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA082373.
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Tant que nous tenons à la représentation, caractérisée par divers dualismes, nous ne pouvons penser purement. La logique de l'identité, une des bases de la représentation, provoque le cercle vicieux que Kant avait découvert dans le Cogito cartésien : comment l'acte de penser peut-il penser le sujet pensant ? Ainsi, l'affirmation de la différence (schizophrénie de droit) est une issue d'un tel problème transcendantal. Mais, la solution kantienne du temps comme forme du déterminable laisse encore l'élément extrinsèque. C'est pourquoi Deleuze a introduit l'intensité en tant que différence intérieure, qui peut synthétiser "être" et "penser". La singularité, l'acte de création passive, est un seuil où l'intensité change de nature, de la synthèse passive à la synthèse active. . .
5
Furtado, Sylvia Beatriz Bezerra. "Images that resist: in the intensive Aleksander Sokurov film." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2010. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=11178.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior<br>The artistic phenomenon should be , first of all defined by the description of forces .
In the forms , colors , sounds , materials , and in the special case of cinema mode
these forces as part of automation mechanism images . In this sense
Deleuze gives to the arts by assigning the role to detect the signs , capture them and make them
sensitive . Such that we can no longer say about art as a place of
production of meanings , but the trial of strength. It is, this field of
think of art as material composition forces . Art does not reproduce forms
imaginary , but captures materials , concrete strength. The potency of the art resides therefore
in different assemblages with the materials that compose . Only then can
understand why , in Deleuzian perspective, the film should be seen by the internal relationship
images, the way they articulate their threads - plans , movements
camera, the relationship between movement and time, etc. , and not by the relationship they establish with
real or believable to the production of images. Not indices of realism or
rapprochement between the visible world and the ways that we take the film , but at
he is able to capture and compose sensitive world.<br>O fenÃmeno artÃstico deve ser, antes de tudo, definido pela inscriÃÃo de forÃas.
Nas formas, nas cores, nos sons, nos materiais, e no caso especial do cinema, no modo
como essas forÃas fazem parte do mecanismo de automaÃÃo das imagens. Nesse sentido
que Deleuze dà Ãs artes ao atribuir-lhe o papel de detectar os signos, captÃ-los e tornÃ-los
sensÃveis. De tal modo, que jà nÃo podemos mais dizer sobre a arte como lugar de
produÃÃo de significados, mas de experimentaÃÃo de forÃas. Trata-se, neste campo, de
pensar a arte como composiÃÃo de forÃas materiais. A arte nÃo reproduz formas
imaginÃrias, mas capta forÃas materiais, concretas. A potÃncia da arte reside, portanto,
nos diferentes agenciamentos com os materiais que a compÃe. SÃ assim podemos
entender porque, na perspectiva deleuziana, o cinema deve ser visto pela relaÃÃo interna
das imagens, pelo modo como se articulam seus encadeamentos â planos, movimentos de
cÃmera, relaÃÃo entre movimento e tempo, etc, e nÃo pela relaÃÃo que estabelecem com o
real ou com a produÃÃo de imagens verossÃmeis. NÃo à pelos Ãndices de realismo ou de
aproximaÃÃo entre as formas e o mundo visÃvel que devemos tomar o cinema, mas pelo
que ele à capaz de captar e compor mundo sensÃveis.
6
Oja, A. (Aleksi). "Intension, substance and calculus:the leibnizian vision in Frank Ankersmit’s philosophy of history." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2019. http://jultika.oulu.fi/Record/nbnfioulu-201905302289.
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Abstract. F. R. Ankersmit’s philosophy of history features three distinct categories. Historical research is epistemological. It deals with historical theory and language and logic as they ordinarily are thought of in analytic philosophy. History-writing is the most prominent part of his work and it is explained in terms of representation and aesthetics. Finally, there is historical experience, which could be called the metaphysics of his system. The latter two categories have been Ankersmit’s focus all his career, while the first one is only referred to when establishing how the latter two are distinguished from it.
In this master’s thesis an account is given for how all these categories can be explained in terms of G. W. Leibniz’s theory of substance. While historical research is potentially analogous to Leibniz’s ideas about corporeal substance, Ankersmit expresses little interest in it. Instead, his focus is on the idealistic metaphysics presented in Leibniz’s monadology. In this system the substance is defined as simple, unextended, and complete in the sense that it is an individual, that is utterly independent of outside influence apart from God. On the other hand, substance in the monadology is defined as perception, sometimes conscious, as is the case with souls. This dichotomy is central for Ankersmit’s theory of historical representation as he argues that the main product of historiography, the historical representation, is analogous to Leibniz’s substance. It is an indivisible individual and therefore requires to be thought of as a whole and evaluated in aesthetic terms instead of traditional analysis. On the other hand, with the theory of historical experience the status of the monad as pure experience is central. These two aspects are for him two sides of the same coin that is the basis of his philosophy of history.
Thirdly, just as Leibniz’s discovery of the calculus had a profound effect on his metaphysics, so it is important in the application of Ankersmit’s representational logic. The notion is applied analogically in his explanation of what the historian aims at in writing of history. It also explains how philosophers of history collectively may decide upon which representation of a given topic is best.
I argue that a clear vision about Ankersmit’s Leibnizianism is beneficial if one is to understand the motivations and goals of his philosophy. Just as it was characteristic for Leibniz to appear a conciliator of different sects in the philosophy of his time, so it is Ankersmit’s most important aim to provide philosophy of history an apriorist platform upon which genuine debate based on contesting representations is possible.Tiivistelmä. F. R. Ankersmitin historianfilosofiassa on kolme selkeää osa-aluetta. ”Historiantutkimus” on epistemologista. Siinä keskiössä ovat teoria ja kieli, siten kuin aikamme analyyttinen filosofia näitä asioita lähestyy. “Historiankirjoituksella" hän viittaa historioitsijoiden tekstien representatiiviseen olemukseen. Kokonaistekstejä voi hänen mielestään arvioida vain esteettisin perustein, sillä ne ovat ensisijaisesti representaatioita. ”Historiallinen kokemus” taas käsittelee historian ontologiaa. Kaksi jälkimmäistä käsitettä ovat hänen työssään keskiössä.
Tässä työssä esitän, että kaikki nämä kolme osa-aluetta voidaan ymmärtää G. W. Leibnizin substanssiteorian puitteissa. “Historiantutkimus” voidaan nähdä analogisena Leibnizin ulottuvan (corporeal) substanssin teorian kanssa, vaikkakaan Ankersmit ei tätä vertausta itse tee. Sen sijaan hän soveltaa Leibnizin monadologian idealistista metafysiikkaa. Monadologiassa substanssi on yksinkertainen, jakamaton ja täydellinen yksilö, johon mikään ulkopuolinen ei vaikuta. Toisaalta Leibnizin substanssi tulee määritellyksi myös havaitsemisena, joka voi olla tietoista, kuten on esimerkiksi sielujen laita. Molemmat määritelmät tulevat osaksi Ankersmitin historianfilosofiaa hänen vetäessään analogian Leibnizin substanssin ja oman käsitteensä, historiallisen representaation, välille. Representaatio on holistinen yksilö, jota ei voi siten analysoida, vaan jonka arviointi on esteettistä. Toisaalta, historiallisen kokemuksen teoriassa substanssin asema nimenomaan puhtaana perseptiona ja kokemisena korostuu. Historiallinen representaatio ja historiallinen kokemus muodostavat Ankersmitin filosofiassa rikkumattoman kokonaisuuden.
Lisäksi, Leibniz oli uranuurtaja differentiaali- ja integraalilaskennasta. Tällä matemaattisella ymmärryksellä oli vaikutus myös hänen metafysiikkansa kehitykseen. Analogisesti Ankersmit näkee sille sovelluksen myös omassa työssään. Differentiaalikalkyylin käsitteen avulla tämä selittää tarkemmin historiallisen representaation luonnetta niin yksittäisen historioitsijan kuin myös koko yhteisön näkökulmasta. Yksilö pyrkii parhaaseen mahdolliseen representaatioon ja yhteisö pyrkii yhteisymmärrykseen parhaasta mahdollisesta representaatiosta.
Väitän, että Ankersmitin “Leibnizilaisuuden” ymmärtäminen on tärkeää, mikäli halutaan ymmärtää paitsi hänen filosofiaansa yleensä, myös hänen motiivejaan ja tavoitteitaan. Leibniz halusi aikanaan luoda järjestelmän, jonka pohjalta kaikki filosofiset erimielisyydet voitaisiin rationaalisesti ratkaista. Ankersmit pyrkii samanlaiseen sovittelevaan rooliin historianfilosofiassa väittäessään, että hänen järjestelmänsä on aprioristinen perusta, jonka pohjalta erilaiset historialliset näkökulmat voidaan asettaa aitoon vuoropuheluun keskenään.
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Hellou, Gisèle. "Les théories de la complexité, la systémique et l'herméneutique pour une philosophie pratique des soins intensifs." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2007. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5272.
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Comme chirurgienne et intensiviste en milieu hospitalo-universitaire depuis 20 ans et après un travail de"réflexion dans et sur l'action" (dans les mots de Donald Schbn), nous soulevons l'hypothèse selon laquelle les schèmes conceptuels conventionnels et la rationalité scientifique classique, en vigueur en médecine sur spécialisée, bien que nécessaires ne sont plus suffisants à la pratique clinique cohérente, dans une unité de soins intensifs chirurgicaux (SIC). Quelles sont les caractéristiques des processus intellectuels conventionnels? Comment penser autrement? Y a-t-il lieu de modifier notre représentation des processus physiopathologiques des malades critiques et instables aux SIC? Nous faisons d'abord la description de l'organisation stucturo-fonctionnelle des SIC (lieu, acteurs, gestion) et celle de la nature des patients critiques et instables (physiopathologie, pratique clinique, cas-type). Il s'agit d'une analyse situationnelle et de l'étude de cas d'une unité de SIC par une méthodologie de type recherche-action ancrée sur le terrain. Nous rendons compte d'une pratique sur spécialisée qui s'avère de type fragmenté avec une perspective plutôt statique des malades. L'approche analytique de type réductionniste et la vision mécaniste des phénomènes physiopathologiques atteignent leurs limites aux SIC. Nos résultats démontrent que les théories de la complexité (E. Morin, J-L Le Moigne) constituent un paradigme heuristique valide qui permet de dépasser certains obstacles cognitifs (Bachelard) pour mieux saisir la nature dynamique non linéaire et l'interconnexité des phénomènes aux SIC. Ainsi, une approche systémique (Von Bertalanffy, Bunge, Luhmann) de cette complexité intrinsèque constitue un outil conceptuel et opératoire applicable aux SIC. De plus, nous faisons ressortir l'importance de l'approche herméneutique en clinique (Gadamer, Ricoeur) qui permet la dotation de sens et la contextualisation nécessaire à la prise en charge des patients, dans le respect de leur singularité. En termes cliniques et organisationnels, nous suggérons l'idée d'un changement conceptuel intentionnel de la part des acteurs impliqués aux SIC, pour une révision de la représentation des malades critiques et instables, ainsi que l'introduction d'une approche managériale de type systémique adaptée aux conditions de la complexité organisationnelle des SIC.
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Karkagianni-Doukidou, Margarita. "Nuance and tension : a study of Bergson's idea of intensity." Thesis, Kingston University, 2015. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/34117/.
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The thesis examines the theory of intensity and affectivity which is presented in Bergson’s first work, Time and Free Will, in conjunction with the major topics and problems that arise from Bergson’s study of sensibility and mark the transition from his first to his second major work, Matter and Memory. The main problems that are examined comprise the critique of the measurement of sensations, the relationship between intensity and multiplicity, the problem of nuance and degree, the relationship between psychic tension and effort in the experience of freedom and finally the relationship between representative and affective sensation. The thesis aims to provide an account of the transition between TFW and MM through a thorough study of the problem of intensity. This aim is pursued in a twofold direction: the conceptual transformation that led to the genesis of the concept of tension and the emergence of the psycho-physiological problem out of the investigation of the intensity of psychic states.
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Tshabalala, Ntathakusa P. "The relationship between courage and personal moral philosophy in a morally intense situation." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/52335.
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When faced with a morally intense situation, determining what the right thing to do is easy. Instead, ultimately doing the right thing is a major source of ethical dilemmas for business leaders. This is due to the often-conflicting business interest against the individual s personal values. It therefore follows that a person s courage should play a huge role in assisting business leaders to remain true to their convictions. As such, this study set out to investigate the relationship between an individual s levels of courage and their personal moral philosophy when placed in a morally intense situation.
Using a quasi-experimental approach, this study created a morally intense situation by manipulating Jones (1991) six dimensions of moral intensity. Research participants were requested to experimentally immerse themselves in the case study and to take decisions on various situations posed to them. All participants were then measured on personal levels of courage using Woodard-Pury s (2007) courage scale; and on their personal moral philosophies using Forsyth s (1980) Ethics Positioning Questionnaire (EPQ). The results were statistically analysed to determine if there is a relationship between business leaders levels of courage and their moral philosophies; and the influence that these have when they were placed in a morally intense situation. The participants of this study were 118 first year Masters of Business Administration (MBA) students who occupy on average middle-manager positions within large international corporates in South Africa.
The study found that when faced with ethical dilemmas in the workplace; as presented through the morally intense case study; those business leaders with a relative moral philosophy take decisions in line with their personal moral philosophies. In addition, the study proved that though there is no relationship between courage and personal moral philosophy in a morally intense situation; for those with a relative ideology; the willingness to act might have a moderation effect when an individual is placed in a morally intense situation. This means that the willingness component of courage accounts for some level of the ultimate decision taken. This is particularly positive for business as it indicates that though business leaders do not need to be courageous to do what they believe is right, they have to be willing to act righteously in order for the probability of taking the right action to increase. The study found this to be true for situations with high levels of moral intensity.<br>Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2015.<br>ms2016<br>Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)<br>MBA<br>Unrestricted
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Battaglia, Alexandre. "Poésie et intensité dans l'œuvre de Patrick Wateau." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA080060.
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Cette thèse est une étude monographique de l’œuvre toujours en cours du poète Patrick Wateau, né en 1959. Elle se centre sur la notion d’intensité. Son but est d’abord descriptif, vis-à-vis d’une œuvre qui n’a de cesse de désemparer le discours critique. Une première partie s’intéresse aux affirmations existentielles du poète, en abordant la question de la subjectivité et de son éclatement ; une tension entre interrogation de l’humaine condition et tendance à la singularisation radicale y est interrogée. La deuxième partie s’attache à dépeindre la poétique de l’auteur, décelant des parentés de manière aussi bien dans la poésie moderne (Artaud, Dupin, Noël, par exemple) que dans la rhétorique mystique telle que la dépeint Michel de Certeau. Une troisième partie fait contrepoint à la première en étudiant des expériences négatives fondatrices. Elle porte sur la courbe personnelle de vie dont l’œuvre témoigne, et sur les thèmes qui lui sont attachés (épreuves de l’irrémédiable, de l’aphasie, de la maladie et de la survie – « haine de la poésie », position de « penseur privé », morale d’écriture et « conscience malheureuse » qui s’ensuivent). Une quatrième partie interroge les liens que la poésie de Patrick Wateau entretient simultanément avec le mauvais inhumain de l’histoire (son « pire ») et avec le bon inhumain de la mystique (son immémoriale prescience de l’absolu, placée par notre auteur notamment sous le signe de Plotin)<br>This work is a monograph about the books written by the poet Patrick Wateau, born in 1959. It deals with the question of intensity. It is descriptive, considering the fact that the hermetic language of the poet is a constant opposition to critical description. A first part is mainly interested by the existantial propositions of the poet, and by the issue of subjectivity ; a tension between interrogation of the human condition and tendency to solitude is questionned. A second part deals with the poetic art of the author, showing his proximity with some modern writers (Artaud, Noël, Dupin) and with the art of the mystics as it is depicted by Michel de Certeau. A third part deals with negativity. It deals with the personal life experience of the poet, and analyzes the themes that are connected to it (illness, pain, temptation of silence, « hatred for poetry »). A fourth part studies the relationship with history (poetry is confronted to deshumanisation, to what Beckett calls « cap au pire ») and the issue of the mystic (particularly the importance that Plotin has for the poet)
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Furtado, Sylvia Beatriz Bezerra. "Imagens que resistem: o intensivo no cinema de Aleksander Sokurov." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2007. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/24566.
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FURTADO, Sylvia Beatriz Bezerra. Imagens que resistem: o intensivo no cinema de Aleksander Sokurov. 2007. 229f. – Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Sociologia, Fortaleza (CE), 2007.<br>Submitted by Gustavo Daher (gdaherufc@hotmail.com) on 2017-08-04T11:00:45Z
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Previous issue date: 2007<br>The artistic phenomenon should be , first of all defined by the description of forces . In the forms , colors , sounds , materials , and in the special case of cinema mode these forces as part of automation mechanism images . In this sense Deleuze gives to the arts by assigning the role to detect the signs , capture them and make them sensitive . Such that we can no longer say about art as a place of production of meanings , but the trial of strength. It is, this field of think of art as material composition forces . Art does not reproduce forms imaginary , but captures materials , concrete strength. The potency of the art resides therefore in different assemblages with the materials that compose . Only then can understand why , in Deleuzian perspective, the film should be seen by the internal relationship images, the way they articulate their threads - plans , movements camera, the relationship between movement and time, etc. , and not by the relationship they establish with real or believable to the production of images. Not indices of realism or rapprochement between the visible world and the ways that we take the film , but at he is able to capture and compose sensitive world.<br>O fenômeno artístico deve ser, antes de tudo, definido pela inscrição de forças. Nas formas, nas cores, nos sons, nos materiais, e no caso especial do cinema, no modo como essas forças fazem parte do mecanismo de automação das imagens. Nesse sentido que Deleuze dá às artes ao atribuir-lhe o papel de detectar os signos, captá-los e torná-los sensíveis. De tal modo, que já não podemos mais dizer sobre a arte como lugar de produção de significados, mas de experimentação de forças. Trata-se, neste campo, de pensar a arte como composição de forças materiais. A arte não reproduz formas imaginárias, mas capta forças materiais, concretas. A potência da arte reside, portanto, nos diferentes agenciamentos com os materiais que a compõe. Só assim podemos entender porque, na perspectiva deleuziana, o cinema deve ser visto pela relação interna das imagens, pelo modo como se articulam seus encadeamentos – planos, movimentos de câmera, relação entre movimento e tempo, etc, e não pela relação que estabelecem com o real ou com a produção de imagens verossímeis. Não é pelos índices de realismo ou de aproximação entre as formas e o mundo visível que devemos tomar o cinema, mas pelo que ele é capaz de captar e compor mundo sensíveis.
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Halfmann, Gregor. "Seafarers, silk, and science : oceanographic data in the making." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/34183.
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This thesis comprises an empirical case study of scientific data production in oceanography and a philosophical analysis of the relations between newly created scientific data and the natural world. Based on qualitative interviews with researchers, I reconstruct research practices that lead to the ongoing production of digital data related to long-term developments of plankton biodiversity in the oceans. My analysis is centred on four themes: materiality, scientific representing with data, methodological continuity, and the contribution of non-scientists to epistemic processes. These are critically assessed against the background of today’s data-intensive sciences and increased automation and remoteness in oceanographic practices. Sciences of the world’s oceans have by and large been disregarded in philosophical scholarship thus far. My thesis opens this field for philosophical analysis and reveals various conditions and constraints of data practices that are largely uncontrollable by ocean scientists. I argue that the creation of useful scientific data depends on the implementation and preservation of material, methodological, and social continuities. These allow scientists to repeatedly transform visually perceived characteristics of research samples into meaningful scientific data stored in a digital database. In my case study, data are not collected but result from active intervention and subsequent manipulation and processing of newly created material objects. My discussion of scientific representing with data suggests that scientists do not extract or read any intrinsic representational relation between data and a target, but make data gradually more computable and compatible with already existing representations of natural systems. My arguments shed light on the epistemological significance of materiality, on limiting factors of scientific agency, and on an inevitable balance between changing conditions of concrete research settings and long-term consistency of data practices.
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Stayt, Louise C. "'I've never been surrounded by so many people and felt so alone' : a Heideggerian phenomenological study investigating patients' experiences of technology in adult intensive care." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/53594/.
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Research Question: What are patients’ experiences of technology in adult intensive care? Research Objectives: -To explore patients’ perceptions of receiving care in a technological environment -To explore patients’ perceptions of how technology has influenced their experience of care Background: Technology is fundamental to the physical recovery of critically ill patients in intensive care (ICU), however, there is a suggestion in the literature that its presence may dehumanise patient care and distract the nurse from attending to patients’ psychosocial needs. Little attention has been paid to patients’ perceptions of receiving care in a technological environment. The purpose of this research, therefore, was to explore patients’ experiences of technology and care within ICU. Methods: This study was informed by Heideggerian phenomenology. The research took place in a university hospital in England. Nineteen participants who had been a patient in ICU were interviewed using a semi-structured approach. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed utilising Van Manen’s framework. Findings: Resulting themes were ‘My Useless Body’ which describes how participants experienced their body as dysfunctional, disconnected and invaded by technology, ‘Making Sense of It’, which describes how participants rationalised their experiences by constructing a story, and ‘Technology and Care’, which describes how and why participants endured technologies in ICU. Conclusions: The disintegrated body is central to the critically ill’s experiences in ICU. Families play an important role in helping patients make sense of their experiences by filling in gaps in memory and helping them to sort the real from unreal memories. Families therefore require support and information resources in fulfilling this role. Patients experience technology and care as a series of paradoxical relationships: alienating yet reassuring, uncomfortable yet comforting, impersonal yet personal. Nurses maintaining a close and supportive presence and providing personal comfort and care may minimise the invasive and isolating potential of technology
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Mirzoyants, Anastasia. "The Role of Trust between International Students and Their American Instructors at Intensive English-Language Programs at American Universities." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1333642160.
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Seguin, Christel. "De l'action à l'intention : vers une caractérisation formelle des agents." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30048.
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Nous proposons une formalisation logique des univers multi-agents. Pour cela, nous avons analyse les agents rationnels a travers les liens qui existent entre leurs attitudes mentales et leur comportement. Les attitudes mentales, connaissance et intention, constituent les objets du raisonnement de l'agent. Les connaissances correspondent a la perception partielle mais objective que l'agent a de son environnement alors que les intentions decrivent les situations que l'agent souhaite atteindre. Le comportement de l'agent est analyse a travers l'enchainement de ses actes. Ces differentes composantes sont interdependantes. La notion d'action est le trait d'union qui les relient toutes. Ainsi, les intentions motivent les actions; la realisation effective d'une action est fonction des connaissances; la realisation d'une action modifie connaissance et intention puisqu'elle affecte l'environnement. Nous proposons un cadre logique qui prend en compte ces differentes notions et explicite la facon dont les agents gerent l'evolution de leurs attitudes mentales. La formalisation est basee sur la combinaison de trois logiques modales: logique de l'action, logique des croyances et logique de l'intention. Pour definir la rationalite des agents, il faut determiner le type d'interactions qui existe entre les systemes de base. Cette etude pose le probleme de la representation de l'univers, des lois physiques qui regissent sa structure et son evolution, des actions. Nous proposons de traiter les contraintes physiques comme des actions particulieres et normalisons la description des actions et des contraintes de maniere a expliciter le type de changement suscite. Cette representation permet de resoudre le probleme du decor (frame problem) et des effets de bord d'une action (ramification problem). Elle permet ainsi de traiter des problemes de planification. Elle est utilisee pour creer un lien entre les croyances des agents et les actions qu'ils observent et determine ainsi la facon dont les croyances d'un agent rationnel evoluent. Plus generalement, le cadre complet nous permet de prendre en compte des problemes de cooperations en considerant que la communication entre agents est une action particuliere dont les effets dependent de l'etat mental (etat de connaissance et d'intention) de l'auditeur comme du locuteur. D'autre part, les strategies de cooperation peuvent etre basees sur les qualites des differents agents et les qualites d'un agent peuvent etre vues comme l'interaction entre son etat mental et son comportement<br>Nous proposons une formalisation logique des univers multi-agents. Pour cela, nous avons analyse les agents rationnels a travers les liens qui existent entre leurs attitudes mentales et leur comportement. Les attitudes mentales, connaissance et intention, constituent les objets du raisonnement de l'agent. Les connaissances correspondent a la perception partielle mais objective que l'agent a de son environnement alors que les intentions decrivent les situations que l'agent souhaite atteindre. Le comportement de l'agent est analyse a travers l'enchainement de ses actes. Ces differentes composantes sont interdependantes. La notion d'action est le trait d'union qui les relient toutes. Ainsi, les intentions motivent les actions; la realisation effective d'une action est fonction des connaissances; la realisation d'une action modifie connaissance et intention puisqu'elle affecte l'environnement. Nous proposons un cadre logique qui prend en compte ces differentes notions et explicite la facon dont les agents gerent l'evolution de leurs attitudes mentales. La formalisation est basee sur la combinaison de trois logiques modales: logique de l'action, logique des croyances et logique de l'intention. Pour definir la rationalite des agents, il faut determiner le type d'interactions qui existe entre les systemes de base. Cette etude pose le probleme de la representation de l'univers, des lois physiques qui regissent sa structure et son evolution, des actions. Nous proposons de traiter les contraintes physiques comme des actions particulieres et normalisons la description des actions et des contraintes de maniere a expliciter le type de changement suscite. Cette representation permet de resoudre le probleme du decor (frame problem) et des effets de bord d'une action (ramification problem). Elle permet ainsi de traiter des problemes de planification. Elle est utilisee pour creer un lien entre les croyances des agents et les actions qu'ils observent et determine ainsi la facon dont les croyances d'un agent rationnel evoluent. Plus generalement, le cadre complet nous permet de prendre en compte des problemes de cooperations en considerant que la communication entre agents est une action particuliere dont les effets dependent de l'etat mental (etat de connaissance et d'intention) de l'auditeur comme du locuteur. D'autre part, les strategies de cooperation peuvent etre basees sur les qualites des differents agents et les qualites d'un agent peuvent etre vues comme l'interaction entre son etat mental et son comportement
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Aubertin, Céline. "Esthétique phénoménologique de l’intensité." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100181.
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Du point de vue de l'expérience, l'intensité désigne ordinairement une force ou une puissance entendue dans leur acception purement sensorielle ou sensitive, comme ce qui peut amener les sens à leurs limites. Or, certaines œuvres d'art nous font parfois faire des expériences intenses et fortes, sans cependant en appeller systématiquement à nos sens, sans proposer aucun objet à voir ou à sentir, voire même en se présentant simplement en une expérience de pensée. C'est ce paradoxe qui nous a amenés à nous interroger sur l'imperceptible, désignant par là le caractère à la fois insensible et intense de l'expérience esthétique. Notre esthétique de l'intensité se fonde sur une interprétation phénoménologique de cette dernière en la définissant comme expérience « charnelle », au sens du dernier Merleau-Ponty, c'est-à-dire comme ce qui fait toucher au seul sens d'être, à l'il y a. L'intense prend alors une dimension ontologique en tant qu'il incarne la puissance interne de différenciation du sensible comme source de tension, de variations et de différences. Nous partons des œuvres de V. Woolf et de Cl. Royet-Journoud, pour explorer l'écriture comme lieu d'expérience du sens naissant ; puis nous interrogeons la dimension intense des expériences quasi-imperceptibles à l'œuvre dans les arts plastiques et visuels, chez M. Duchamp, B. Nauman, D. Graham, M. Abramovic ou R. Smithson. Nous montrons ensuite, à travers les philosophies de Merleau-Ponty, Deleuze et Jean-Luc Nancy, que la pensée peut constituer en elle-même une expérience intense, en élucidant simultanément l'idée même d'intensité<br>From the point of view of experience, intensity generally designates a certain force or power that we understand in a purely sensorial or sensory fashion, as something that can takes our senses to their limits. Yet certain works of art offer us experiences that are intense and powerful without systematically calling upon our senses, without offering any particular object to be seen, or sensed. Sometimes, they are just presented as a an experience of thinking. It is this paradox that has prodded us into exploring the imperceptible. In this particular instance, that means the character of our esthetic experience that is both “in-sensitive” and intense. Our esthetics of intensity is founded on a phenomenological interpretation of the latter, defining it as a “carnal” experience, such as the later-period Merleau-Ponty envisaged it, implying that which touches the unique sense of being, the “there is”. The “intense” then takes on an ontological dimension, in so far as it embodies the internal force of differentiation of the “sensitive” as a source of tension, of variations and of differences. We shall begin our interrogation with the works of Virginia Woolf and Claude Royet-Journoud, in order to explore writing as a locus for experiencing newly-born senses. Then, we shall question the intense dimension of quasi-imperceptible experiences that are at work in the visual and the fine arts, looking at M. Duchamp, B. Nauman, M. Abramovic or R. Smithson. Finally, we shall demonstrate, through the philosophy of Merleau-Ponty, G. Deleuze and Jean-Luc Nancy, that thought in itself, can constitute an intense experience, by simultaneously elucidating the idea of intensity itself
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Thompson, Andrew Paul. "Whanau/family meetings in the paediatric intensive care unit: content, process, and family satisfaction : a thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy, Social Work, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1102.
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Family Meetings occur frequently in the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) yet little data existed to guide clinicians in the conduct of these meetings. The medical team is required to deliver complex medical information and navigate complex decision-making with a traumatised family during a meeting. The objectives of this study were to describe the content and process of 15 whanau/family meetings in the PICU, identify family meeting characteristics and patient and family attributes that influence family satisfaction and recommend guidelines for health professionals working in the PICU. The study was conducted in a PICU in a university-affiliated children’s hospital in New Zealand (NZ). The process and content of 15 family meetings were analysed using a coding framework previously developed through a qualitative study of family meetings in the adult intensive care unit (Curtis, 2002a). A questionnaire providing a quantitative assessment of family satisfaction drawn from the same study was administered to 30 family members. Demographic data for the study were collected from the patient’s hospital record and these were combined with data relating to the meeting recording and transcript to identify family meeting characteristics and attributes that might influence family satisfaction. The content and process of family meetings in the PICU were described using a framework detailing 28 codes from the six domains: introductions, informational exchange, discussions of the future, decisions, discussions about death and dying, and closings. A comparison of family meeting characteristics and patient and family attributes revealed that longer meetings (40 minutes plus) were associated with lower family satisfaction and should therefore prompt clinicians to consider whether there are unresolved conflicts, difficulties or misunderstandings between the medical team and the family. Recommendations are proposed to guide health professionals in family meetings in the PICU. This is the first study to record and code the content of family meetings in the PICU. The findings from this study will assist clinicians in their meetings with families. The description of the family meeting content will also provide a foundation for future communication training and research in the health environment.
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Bonetti, Darrell L. "Effect of brief-intermittent hypoxic exposure on high-intensity kayaking and cycling performance a thesis submitted to AUT University in fulfilment of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, February 2008 /." Click here to access this resource online, 2008. http://aut.researchgateway.ac.nz/handle/10292/330.
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Kongara, Kavitha. "Studies on renal safety and preventive analgesic efficacy of tramadol and parecoxib in dogs : thesis in fulfilment of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Veterinary Clinical Science, Institute of Veterinary Animal and Biomedical Sciences, College of Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." Massey University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/864.
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Ovariohysterectomy and castration are common surgical procedures in small animal practice that can result in clinically significant postoperative pain. One way of controlling postoperative pain is administration of a single analgesic or a combination of different classes of analgesics prior to the onset of noxious stimuli. A constraint to the perioperative use of traditional opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is their undesirable side effects. In this series of experiments, the preventive (pre-emptive) analgesic efficacy of two popular human analgesics, tramadol (an ?atypical? opioid) and parecoxib (a NSAID with selective COX-2 inhibition) was evaluated in dogs. Initially, the efficacy and renal safety of parecoxib, tramadol and a combination of parecoxib, tramadol and pindolol (a -adrenoceptor blocker and 5-HT1A/1B antagonist) were screened in anaesthetised healthy dogs. These analgesics increased the dogs? nociceptive threshold to mechanical stimuli, without causing significant alterations in the dogs? glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimated by plasma iohexol clearance. Subsequently, the efficacy of tramadol was compared with morphine, in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy or castration. The Glasgow composite measure pain scale-short form score (CMPS-SF) and changes in intraoperative electroencephalogram (EEG) responses were used to assess the efficacy of analgesics. Of the three treatment groups (preoperative morphine, 0.5 mg kg-1; preoperative tramadol, 3 mg kg-1; a ?combination? of preoperative low-dose morphine, 0.1 mg kg-1, and postoperative tramadol 3 mg kg-1), dogs given the ?combination? had significantly lower pain scores after ovariohysterectomy. In castrated dogs, preoperative tramadol (3 mg kg-1) and morphine (0.5 mg kg-1) were tested and no significant difference in the CMPS-SF score were observed between them. Changes in EEG variables were not specific between the treatment groups in ovariohysterectomised dogs. Finally, the efficacy of test drugs was evaluated against acute noxious electrical stimulation in anaesthetised dogs, using EEG. Median frequency of the EEG, a reliable indicator of nociception, increased significantly in tramadol and parecoxib groups, compared to morphine, after electrical stimulation. These studies demonstrated that tramadol and parecoxib can produce analgesia in dogs with insignificant side effects. The efficacy of tramadol appears to vary with the type of noxious stimulus. A complete prevention of noxious input by administration of analgesics pre- and post-operatively could have important clinical applications.
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Debroise, Philippe. "Mathématiques de l'intensité et Merveilles de la nature : études sur le Tractatus de configurationibus qualitatum et motuum de Nicole Oresme." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. https://wo.app.u-paris.fr/cgi-bin/WebObjects/TheseWeb.woa/wa/show?t=4030&f=26678.
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Durant la première moitié du quatorzième siècle, la philosophie scolastique va engendrer une science mathématique nouvelle, celle de la latitude des formes, de la variation des formes entre les degrés de leur intensité. Un appareil logico-mathématique complexe est rapidement élaboré pour surmonter des problèmes de variations et taux de variations, de moyennes et de limites. La nature imaginaire sinon fantasque des problèmes approfondis à l’aide de ces méthodes nouvelles peut créer l’illusion qu’il y aurait chez ces auteurs scolastiques une indifférence au réel, abandonné à la faveur des subtilités d’une logique abstraite. C’est pourtant un tout autre visage que montre l’apogée de ce mouvement, le Traité des configurations des qualités et des mouvements de Nicole Oresme, composé autour de 1350 à Paris. L’intuition géométrique éclaire soudain l’aridité logique, l’imaginaire parcourt avidement le monde de merveilles en merveilles : la nouvelle mathématique voit la magie dans la nature. La thèse que je défends est que l’objet mathématique nouveau révélé par Oresme, une intensité qui s’étend dans l’espace et le temps, une « configuration », n’est pas un simple outil technique commode : il exprime sous une forme pure une manière nouvelle et partagée d’envisager l’art, la nature et la surnature. Sa science ne s’ajoute pas à celles sur lesquelles elle se fonde, mathématique du nombre et de la grandeur, physique du contact et de la puissance, mais les transforment de l’intérieur, comme la polyphonie dépasse le plain chant. Analogie dictée par le texte : la nouvelle science explique le nouvel art naissant, elle s’accomplit dans une nouvelle vision harmonique du monde où formes et difformités se mélangent et se tempèrent mutuellement. Cette thèse doit donc être comprise comme un essai pour expliquer une révolution mathématique comme l’expression d’une mentalité qui tâtonne dans les autres champs de la culture humaine. Mais parce qu’Oresme tisse lui-même ces liens au fil du traité, il était important de faire le contraire de ce qui avait été généralement fait, la segmentation du texte, et de lire le traité dans toute son unité, pour saisir la signification de cette science si moderne et si étrange<br>During the first half of the fourteenth century, scholastic philosophy will give rise to a new mathematical science, that of the so-called latitudes of forms, the variations of forms between the degrees of their intensity. A complex logico-mathematic device is romptly elaborated to overcome problems about variations and rates, mean values and limits. The imaginary, even fanciful nature of the problems thoroughly studied thanks to those new methods can create the illusion that those scholastic authors, indifferent to reality, would have dropped it out for the subtilities of abstract logic. It is however a whole different face that the acme of this movement shows, Nicole Oresme’s Treatise on the configurations of qualities and movements, composed around 1350 in Paris. Geometrical intuition suddenly illuminates logical aridity, imagination roams avidly from one marvel to another : the new mathematical science sees magic in nature.The thesis I am defending is that the new mathematical object discovered by Oresme, intensity expanding itself through space and time, a « configuration », is not just a convenient technical tool : it expresses in a pure form a new and common way to consider art, nature and over-nature. Its knowledge doesn’t merely add itself to its scientific foundations, mathematics of number and magnitude, physics of contact and power, but transforms them from within in the same way that polyphonic music supersedes plainchant. An analogy imposed by the text : the new science explains the burgeoning new art, it accomplishes itself in a new vision of the harmony of the world, in which forms and difformities are mixed and mutually moderated.This thesis should be understood as an attempt to explain a mathematical revolution as the expression of a groping mentalité working in other fields of human culture. But because Oresme himself weaves those threads all along the treatise, it was of importance to do the contrary of what had usually been done, that is the segmentation of the text, and to read it in its whole unity in order to grasp the meaning of this science, so modern and so strange
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Moscatel, Sarah J. "End-of-life transition experiences of ICU nurses : mindful realization /." Connect to full text via ProQuest. IP filtered, 2005.
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Thesis (Ph.D. in Nursing) -- University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, 2005.<br>Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 139-146). Free to UCDHSC affiliates. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;
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Fernández, de Castro Max. "La solution de Quine au problème de l'acceptation d'une ontologie abstraite dans le cadre de l'empirisme." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010636.
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Le but de cette thèse est d'exposer et d'analyser la façon dont William V. O. Quine résout le problème de l'acceptation d'une ontologie abstraite dans le cadre de l'empirisme. Le premier chapitre esquisse la solution de Rudolf Carnap a ce problème, surtout à son epoque syntaxique, ainsi que les critiques que Quine lui a adressé, spécialement concernant la distinction analytique-synthétique. Les arguments de Quine montrent le caractère artificiel de cette distinction, son manque de pertinence épistémologique et le besoin de traiter le problème ontologique sous une nouvelle lumière. Le deuxième chapitre traite du critère ontologique et de la conception de Quine de la notion d'objet abstrait. Une des justifications du critère ontologique est la fidélité avec laquelle l'enregimentement conserve un noyau de notre langage ou la réferentialité est la plus explicite et transparente possible. Afin de le montrer, nous suivons Quine dans sa reconstruction rationnelle de la manière selon laquelle l'enfant et l'espèce sont parvenus à la maitrise de l'appareil référentiel de notre langue. Nous montrons comment cette explication ontogénétique permet concilier le "platonisme" de Quine avec sa bphilosophie empiriste. Le troisième chapitre expose les arguments de Quine contre l'utilisation d'une ontologie intensionnelle dans la science. Le paradoxe de la logique modale est étudié et les essais de le résoudre sont divisés en deux grands groupes. Les trois preuves de la thèse de l'indétermination de la traduction fournies par Quine sont analysées. Elles montrent la vraisemblance de la thèse sans arriver à la démontrer.
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McClure, Anne Carey. "Ritualized Futility via Clinical Momentum at the End of Life in the Intensive Care Unit:An Ethical Inquiry into Moral Distress in Nurses as a Response to a Culturally MediatedHealthcare System Failure." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587082543896911.
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Andrews, Kathryn M. "Knowing, learning and unlearning in a knowledge creating company: An inductive, theory-building case study." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2000. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36620/1/36620_Digitised%20Thesis.pdf.
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This study draws together two independently powerful but largely discrete constructs: organizational learning and organizational knowledge. It investigates organizational learning, unlearning, and knowledge processes in a knowledge company, and culminates in exploration of the relationships between the constructs.
Organizational learning is recognised as a centra~ rather than peripheral organizational factor, with its competitive value widely acknowledged. However the literature is characterised by divergence, uncertainty and flux, and there is wide spread agreement that new empirical research is required. Similarly, there has been recent intense interest in knowledge as an organizational and commercial factor, but there has been little systematic research on its influence and implications.
The present study conducted inductive, theory-building case study research to investigate organizational learning, unlearning and knowledge processes. The knowledge-creating company, with its pioneering emphasis on knowledge and learning, was selected as a fertile setting in which to study knowledge and learning factors.
The case study site was a bio-medical research consortium, and data gathering comprised four phases. Firstly, two focus groups of scientific staff were conducted to identify a pool of actual instances of organizational learning and unlearning. Secondly, an individual interview took place with the centre's director to select a focal example of organizational learning I unlearning for further investigation. The third data gathering phase was individual semi-structured interviews with scientists, which investigated the learning and unlearning associated with the focal critical incident, and how learning I unlearning occurred more generally. The semi-structured interviews also explored scientists' views of knowledge, initially by asking them how they would describe the knowledge they worked with. The final data gathering phase, which took place in the semi-structured interviews, was a knowledge descriptor exercise purpose-designed in the present research. In the knowledge descriptor exercise, interview participants reviewed twelve knowledge descriptors, and selected and discussed those that they considered described their own knowledge.
Consistent with the theory-building purpose of the study, analysis and interpretation was a highly iterative, data driven process, with new themes and insights emerging directly from the study' s small data set.
Drawing together findings across the study, four significant contributions emerged quite clearly. Moving from the most general to the most specific of the findings, the study's initial contribution was to bring forward a series of complex and subtle relationships between organizational learning and knowledge processes. Secondly, the knowledge dimensions that came forward as significant in the present study extended beyond the well-accepted and influential tacit - explicit knowledge dimension. Specifically, the radical unpredictability of the knowledge creation environment, and the way scientists thought about knowledge itself(their theory of knowledge) also appeared to impact on learning-related processes. Thirdly, the term knowing emerged as more appropriate than knowledge, as knowing reflects the active, mediated knowledge-related processes that the present study identified. Finally, analyses in the study pointed to a special texture of working relationships in the knowledge-creating company, in which social and intellectual processes were deeply interwoven. The micro, psychological and social processes that underpin knowledge processes emerged as highly influential. The interleaving of social and intellectual processes suggests that conceptualising knowledge creation and learning in knowledge companies as solely intellectual pursuits may underestimate the complexity and dynamism oflearning-related processes.
In summary, by exploring organizational learning and organizational knowledge processes concomitantly, subtle and intricate relationships between the two constructs were brought forward in the study. Taken together, the study's results suggest that knowing may be at the core of organizational processes in knowledge companies, and that organizational theories should properly be seen as in orbit around knowing itself Building adequate models of organizational processes in knowledge companies may well depend on understanding the intellectual and social dynamics of knowing.
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Koehn, Amy R. "To report or not report : a qualitative study of nurses' decisions in error reporting." Thesis, Indiana University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3665927.
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<p> This qualitative study was successful in utilization of grounded theory methodology to ascertain nurses' decision-making processes following their awareness of having made a medical error, as well as how and/or if they corrected and reported the error. Significant literature documents the existence of medical errors; however, this unique study interviewed thirty nurses from adult intensive care units seeking to discover through a detailed interview process their individual stories and experiences, which were then analyzed for common themes. Common themes led to the development of a theoretical model of thought processes regarding error reporting when nurses made an error. Within this theoretical model are multiple processes that outline a shared, time-orientated sequence of events nurses encounter before, during, and after an error. One common theme was the error occurred during a busy day when they had been doing something unfamiliar. Each nurse expressed personal anguish at the realization she had made an error, she sought to understand why the error happened and what corrective action was needed. Whether the error was reported on or told about depended on each unit's expectation and what needed to be done to protect the patient. If there was no perceived patient harm, errors were not reported. Even for reported errors, no one followed-up with the nurses in this study. Nurses were left on their own to reflect on what had happened and to consider what could be done to prevent error recurrence. The overall impact of the process of and the recovery from the error led to learning from the error that persisted throughout her nursing career. Findings from this study illuminate the unique viewpoint of licensed nurses' experiences with errors and have the potential to influence how the prevention of, notification about and resolution of errors are dealt with in the clinical setting. Further research is needed to answer multiple questions that will contribute to nursing knowledge about error reporting activities and the means to continue to improve error-reporting rates.</p>
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Edmonds, Anne. "Light as surface and intensity." Thesis, 2003. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/561.
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Light Intensity and Surface is the title of this PhD art exhibition where I explore through paintings, the world of my own encounter with the radiant light of the Linear Accelerator used in treatment of women with breast cancer. This engagement with the world of light technology encompasses oncologists, physicists and women who extended their personal experience to inform my artwork and contribute to the theoretical connections made in this thesis. The contribution of this thesis lies in how the lecture The Origin of the Work of Art by philosopher Martin Heidegger can be applied to a reading of great artworks that are separated in time, space and culture but connected in their subject: Light. It was his philosophy that helped shape the connections between where art originates and what springs from the artwork itself. The concept of light in the title of this thesis refers to Heidegger’s notion of the clearing seins Lichtung-the lighting centre- the medium that holds one being to another from where the idea for an artwork springs in the artist. Surface relates to the attunement of artists throughout history to the new particularly in the science of controlling light which influences the way artists achieve the material appearance of their artwork. Intensity refers to the level of openness to the mystery of light in both physicists and artists to create and control some thing that stabilises a community and remains a source of wonder. This thesis demonstrated how artists have responded to the new light technology with a way of seeing that created a depth dimension that bridges cultural worlds to unearth the breath of something often most effectively communicated by being silent
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Huang, Yi-Cheng, and 黃奕誠. "The relationship among personal moral philosophy、perceived moral intensity and ethical decision-making process." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36201471792326025825.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>淡江大學<br>會計學系碩士班<br>98<br>Fraudulences not only cause a direct decrease in the assets of stakeholders, it also raises a credit risk and brings severe negative impact to the capital market. Causes of various kinds of fraud can be traced back to its original contrivance, and ethic seems to be the only solution to avoid occurrences of fraud. Ever since then, people have started to focus their attention on ethical issues. The ethical decision maker will often draw conclusions in accordance with their moral philosophy of individual moral standards in order to identify the moral intensity of the dilemma which hence, affects the ethical decision-making process. Domestically, relative research is rare. According to Rest (1993), education and age are major factors of ethical development and in addition, college education is the primary learning stage of developing a basis of specialty/profession. This study surveys students from colleges of business/management, and in the mean time, constructs simulated business scenarios. Based on Rest(1986) ethical decision-making process theory and Jones(1991) issue-contingent model, we investigate possible determinant factors, which might affect students’ making ethical-decisions, from Personality traits (moral philosophy) and ethical issues (moral intensity) perspectives. This study collects a total of 1,082 valid samples. The summary of our results is as follows: （1）The recognition of moral issues will positively affect moral judgment and moral judgment will have positive impact on moral intent.（2）Moral intensity and ethical-decision making process are positively correlated. （3）Idealists have a positive correlation with moral intent(potential harm and social pressure). The Relativists, except for in scenario 2, have a significant negative correlation with potential harm and meanwhile, have insignificant correlation with social pressure. （4）When those students with Idealists trait face an ethical dilemma, their moral intensity will intervene ethical-decision making process. Whereas when those students with Relativists trait exercise ethical decision, moral intensity is an insignificant intervening variable. （5）Finance majoring students have significantly higher Relativism traits than accounting and business management majoring students; Gender imposes significant variation on Idealism; And there is no significant difference between juniors and seniors in terms of Idealism or Relativism traits.
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Chen, Bochu, and 陳博助. "The Effect of Moral Intensity on Moral Decision Makingin Online Transactions Contexts and Moral Philosophy." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94124806616502675527.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>大葉大學<br>企業管理學系碩士班<br>101<br>Online transactions have become increasingly common because of the rise of the internet. Environment of Online transactions, the seller and the buyer does not require face-to-face contact, the identity and behavior of consumers is not easy to identify, lead to ethics-related issues. The theme of this study is that want to probe into the face of the Online transactions derived ethical issues, ethical decision-making process of consumers and moral philosophy .
When the ethical issues are within the Online transactions, students' ethical decision-making process and related factors is the theme of this research to investigate. In this research, we applied the Rest (1986) and Jones’ (1991) model of ethical decision theory for the theoretical foundation to develop the ethical decision-making model structure of students, and explore the impact of students' ethical decision-making factors from the dimensions of the moral issues (moral intensity) and Moral Philosophy(idealism and relativism). This research develops moral scenarios of Online transactions and associated assumptions, and then collects 311 effective samples to empirically detect and analyze. The results indicate:
1. The moral perception, moral judgment and moral intention stages of students' ethical decision-making process have the positive correlation.
2. Moral intensity has the positive and significant impact on ethical decision-making process.
3. Moral Philosophy of relativism have the negative impact on moral intention of students' ethical decision-making process, but idealism have the positive significant impact on moral intention of students' ethical decision-making process
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Chen, Yi-Jyun, and 陳怡君. "The Effect of Moral Philosophy on the Intention of Earnings Management : Moral Intensity as a Moderating Variable." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10794092087919716922.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>淡江大學<br>會計學系碩士班<br>99<br>Fraudulence has been occurring throughout countries, and the public start to trace back to the cause of unrealistic financial report which does not reflect a firm’s operating performance. Furthermore, the ethics of financial accounting related personnel has been doubted. Based on apparent issues, this study discusses personal moral philosophy and its relation with earnings management intention, meanwhile, moral intensity serves as moderate variable as well as main factor which effect the relation. This study is conducted by analyzing the effective surveys responded by 731 university senior students who major in accounting and 212 master students who major in executive management of business administration (henceforth EMBA).
The empirical result from investigating the relation between moral philosophy and earnings management intentions indicates that high idealists have lower earnings management intention relative to low idealists; high relativists have higher earnings management intention relative to low relativists. Another discovery from the result is that subjectivisms have significantly higher earnings management intention than absolutism.
The analysis of moral intensity and its relation to earnings management intention shows that within the moral intensity, three constructs (i.e. social consensus, probability of effect, magnitude of consequences) effect university senior students’ earnings management intentions significantly. For EMBA students, proximity and magnitude of consequences impose significant effect on earnings management intention. Finally, result from investigating the moderate effect that moral intensity has imposed on the relation between moral philosophy and earnings management intention shows that social consensus and proximity constructs moderately affect university senior students’ and EMBA students’ intention to manage earnings respectively.
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Machado, Carlos Henrique de Moraes. "LUGARES DO SILÊNCIO A interface do sujeito larvar como campo intensivo de individuação no pensamento da diferença." Master's thesis, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/136644.
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Yang, Hui-wen, and 楊惠雯. "The effect of personal moral philosophy and perceived moral intensity on ethical decision-making process:within online auction context." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06109534053089784585.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立中正大學<br>行銷管理研究所<br>97<br>Not only benefits but also risks online auctions brings with its rapid growth. Hence, realizing the reasons why online auction users engage in unethical activities is critical and essential to prevent such controversial acts. Three major factors: personal, social and situational factors dominate ethical decision-making process. The present study focuses on examining the relative impact of moral philosophy and moral intensity on ethical decision-making. Based on the research results of 490 web-based questionnaires, we conclude that idealism have impact on moral intensity and ethical decision-making whereas relativism only shows significance on potential social pressure. Furthermore, moral intensity is determinant of forming ethical decisions. To regulators of online auction platforms, it is expected that the results will contribute to making guidelines and restraining unethical acts with effectiveness.
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Tsui-Yuan, Tsai, and 蔡翠菀. "The Probe into The Effects of Moral Intensity and Moral Philosophy on Ethical Decision-Making－Take Corporal Punishment for Example." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/p2vurd.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>大葉大學<br>管理學院碩士在職專班<br>102<br>n the past, corporal punishment is often one of the means used to discipline students in Taiwan society. However , Western humanism and the influence of the legal system has changed the way of educating students in recent years. After the legalization of the “zero corporal punishment” policy, there are more constraints for teachers in disciplining students. But corporal punishment occurs frequently in recent years, and those problems are drawing the concerns of the public. When the ethical issues are within the corporal punishment, teachers' ethical decision-making process and related factors is the theme of this research to investigate.
In this research, we applied the Rest (1986) and Jones' (1991) model of ethical decision theory for the theoretical foundation to develop the ethical decision-making model structure of teachers, , and explore the impact of teachers' ethical decision-making factors from the dimensions of the moral issues (moral intensity) and individual moral philosophy. This research develops moral scenarios of corporal punishment and associated assumptions, and then collects 322 effective samples to detect and analyze empirically. The data were analyzed with SPSS by using the methods of descriptive statistics, T-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple regression analysis. The results indicate:
1. The stages of teachers' ethical decision-making process (moral perception, moral judgment and moral intention) have the positive correlation. And the moral perception has the positive and significant impact on the moral judgment, the moral judgment has the positive and significant impact on the moral intention.
2. Moral intensity has the positive and significant impact on ethical decision-making process.
3. Idealism of Individual moral philosophy has positive and significant impact on moral decision-making process. in all four moral scenarios of corporal punishment. Relativism of individual moral philosophy have significant impact in two moral scenarios of corporal punishment.
4. Job-function of teacher’s personal characteristics has significant difference on moral intensity, but gender, teaching experiences and education has no significant difference on moral intensity.
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Maxton, Fiona. "Sharing and surviving the resuscitation : parental presence during resuscitation of a child in PICU : the experiences of parents and nurses." Thesis, 2005. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/593.
Full textAbstract:
Parents’ presence and participation in their child’s care in the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) is now commonplace. Despite parents expressing a deep need to be with their child particularly during periods of crisis, it is precisely at these times that they are often prevented from staying. The growing debate regarding family presence during a cardiopulmonary (CPR) resuscitation attempt continues to be controversial and conflicting. Current knowledge is mostly derived from quantitative studies conducted in the adult intensive care or emergency environments. The experiences of parents of children in the PICU, and the nurses caring for them are unknown. Using van Manen’s hermeneutic phenomenological approach, this study describes the phenomenon of parental presence during resuscitation of a child in PICU for eight Australian parent couples and six nurses. Experiential descriptions, obtained in tape-recorded unstructured interviews were subjected to two layers of analysis. Thematic analysis provided the phenomenological description in seven themes. Four themes refer to the parents’ experience in Being only for a child; Making sense of a living nightmare; Maintaining hope: facing reality and Living in a relationship with staff. Three themes describe the nurses’ experience: Under the parents’ gaze; Walking in their shoes and Holding parents in mind. A second layer of hermeneutic analysis revealed parents’ and nurses’ collective experience to have their being in four elements of the phenomenon. These elements are Being in chaos; Struggling to connect; Being for another and Being complete. The final description of the parents’ and nurses’ experience of parental presence during resuscitation in PICU as Sharing and surviving the resuscitation is drawn from the findings from each of these layers of meaning. The findings from this study conclude that the parents’ inherent need to be with their child overrode their anxieties of the resuscitation scene, curbing their feelings of chaos. Parental presence however, was a complex and dynamic concept that required a new relationship between parents and nurses. Implications of this study include recommendations for improving staff knowledge and education, as well as practical interventions for enhanced support for both parents and nurses
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Pen, Chiung-Chi, and 彭瓊琚. "The Effect of Teachers' Personal Moral Philosophy and Perceived Moral Intensity on Ethical Decision-Making Process – within Environmental Ethics in Leisure Hotel Context." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/286tyg.
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碩士<br>亞洲大學<br>休閒與遊憩管理學系碩士在職專班<br>103<br>This paper focuses on teachers facing controversies due to environmental protection，when they visit a leisure hotel. Specifically, how as a consumer, a teacher’s moral intensity and moral philosophy affects the ethical decision-making process.
This paper discusses hotel’s environmental ethics in simulated situation.There are three major points, they are personal moral philosophy and subject-matter moral intensity and how they affects the ethical decision-making process.
based on 253 valid questionnaires revealed from Kaohsuing City teachers , we get at the following conclusions:
1. The moral intensity of environmental ethics can be divided into twomajor facets, which are "potential
damage” and "validity andthe levelof influence."
2. Significantly positive correlation between the "potentialdamage” inmoral intensity of environmental
ethics and moral perception; thecorrelation between “validity and the level of influence” and moral
judgment being positive as well.
3. The personal idealism in personal philosophy having positive influenceon the subject-matter moral
intensity’s “potential damage” and moralstrategic decision’s “moral perception”.
4.Relativism in personal philosophy substantially affecting the “validityand the level of influence”of
subject-matter moral intensity as well as the“moral intention” of moral strategic decision in a
negative matter.
5. The personal moral decision-making process at all stages: the moretime teachers are given to perceive
moral issues, the more likely theyare to develop moral judgment. This in turn makes teachers’
behavior and intentions more likely to lean towards higher level of ethicalstandards.
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Pei-NiLee and 李培妮. "A Study of the Influence on Organizational Citizenship Behavior from Ethical Climate,Ethical Philosophy, Moral Intensity and Ethical Judgment Based on Social Cognitive Theory." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87455726618043145510.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>工學院工程管理碩士在職專班<br>101<br>The economic development as the market environment is becoming increasingly competitive. Talents not only need to have professional skills, but also focus on essence more. Talent is the enterprise's greatest asset. Besides understanding the importance of talent, enterprises need to further lead the characteristic of talents and combine with ethics culture of enterprises to highly develop the integration of talents and the assets. N.Leila Trapp (2011) also mentioned the ethical environment and the staff's working attitude have relevant influence.And the loyalty of manufacturing industry personnel for organization is along with the personal ethical philosophy and moral intensity to change.
The purpose of the study is to explore the influence of personal ethical philosophy, moral intensity, ethical climate and ethical judgment of manufacturing industry personnel in Taiwan and in Vietnam on organizational citizenship behavior. This research carries on separately the discussion of manufacturing industry in Taiwan and in Vietnam. The objects of this research are mainly chosen from staffs and executives at the basic level of manufacturing industry. The research used paper AB questionnaires for data collection. In Taiwan aspect, total 480 questionnaires were distributed and 428 were returned. After deducting 53 invalid questionnaires, the effective rate of recovery was 78% and effective questionnaires were 375 . In Vietnam aspect, total 360 questionnaires were distributed and 320 were returned. After deducting 61 invalid questionnaires, the effective rate of recovery was 72% and effective questionnaires were 259.For verification hypotheses as well as the academic theory,this research used SPSS 17.0 and Amos7.0 software to carry on the statistical analysis of data.Regression analysis verified the research hypotheses and linear structure model corroborated the overall model fit.
According to the results of the statistical analysis of this research, summarized in the following conclusions:
1. Personal ethical philosophy, moral intensity and ethical climate of manufacturing industry personnel in Taiwan all made an impact on ethical judgment.
2. Personal ethical philosophy, moral intensity and ethical climate of manufacturing industry personnel in Taiwan all made an impact on organizational citizenship behavior.
3. Personal ethical philosophy and ethical climate of manufacturing industry personnel in Vietnam all made an impact on ethical judgment.
4. Personal ethical philosophy, moral intensity and ethical climate of manufacturing industry personnel in Vietnam all made an impact on organizational citizenship behavior.
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Stacey, Michael. "A framework for multi-dimensional online temporal abstraction." Thesis, 2009. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/43262.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation details a framework for providing knowledge-based temporal reasoning and data analysis within a complex and high frequency data environment. The process of Temporal Abstraction (TA) involves a transformation from raw quantitative time-stamped data to a qualitative interval-based representation which can be matched directly to the domain expert’s knowledge. Clinical data analysis involves a high degree of both contextual and temporal information. Diagnoses, prognosis and therapy incorporate knowledge of factors such as patient history, present medication and temporal factors like the characteristics of a particular condition with respect to time. Temporal abstraction provides a means to instill such properties into the data analysis process. Patient monitoring in an intensive care environment is an area where TA can be deployed to detect dangerous temporal trends or shifts in physiological data. The domain of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) is the context in which I demonstrate the proposals in this dissertation. The NICU data environment is both complex and multi-dimensional and represents a context where TA has not been previously applied. The process of Multidimensional Online Temporal Abstraction (MOTA) is the abstraction of physiological data across multiple data streams and data streamsets where a single patient gives rise to a single data stream-set and data is sourced from monitoring equipment connected to the patient. Applying TA to a multi-dimensional data environment provides a tool to support recent clinical research which proposes that aberrant behaviours across a number of physiological streams may have an additive effect and certain combinations thereof may be a sign of critical deterioration that could indicate a high likelihood of death or of brain injury in pre-term infants. Traditional patient monitoring equipment utilises the threshold alarming model where alerts are triggered upon the breaching of preset values. False alarms are common due to probe displacement or patient movement, temperature changes can adversely affect transducer accuracy and bad sensor positioning can result in low amplitude signals venturing outside prescribed ranges. Short lived excursions beyond thresholds often do not indicate clinically significant problems and could be dealt with by a more intelligent alarming model that incorporates a temporal dimension. Alarms can then be configured to sound if such excursions exist for longer than a pre-determined amount of time. Correlation between multiple physiological parameters is another desirable aspect of an improved alarming model. For example, the ability to simultaneously detect a decreasing trend in blood oxygen saturation with a decreasing trend in blood pressure would enable an early warning mechanism for a potentially dangerous situation. Cross correlation also offers the potential of reducing alarms through simultaneous measurement of the same parameter via different sources. Enabling the application of TA to data from multiple patients within the NICU also offers the potential for early detection of conditions such as Sepsis, Pneumothorax and Periventricular Leukomalacia (PVL) which have been shown to exhibit possible early warning characteristics before being diagnosable either through blood analysis in the case of sepsis, chest x-rays for Pneumothorax, or cranial sonography for PVL. TA is a well studied topic within the field of intelligent clinical data analysis but the research carried out to support this dissertation revealed that TA systems have difficulty coping with both high frequency and multi-dimensional data environments, typical of that found in neonatal intensive care. I present a software system called the MOTA framework which enables TA within such an environment and represents a step forward in the evolution of TA-based systems. The TA mechanisms of the MOTA
framework are supported by a formal model of time, the Event Calculus, which I have adapted in order to facilitate online and incremental TA where abstractions are constructed on a sample by sample basis. The MOTA framework has undergone evaluation using clinically defined rules describing dangerous physiological patterns for infants in the NICU. These rules were executed on data captured from babies in the NICU, the results demonstrating that MOTA can be applied within a multi-dimensional and high frequency data environment such as Neonatal Intensive Care. Furthermore, potential is offered for improved patient monitoring leading to enhanced clinical management and better patient outcomes.
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Yu-Jie, Ou, and 歐昱傑. "A study of personal moral philosophy, moral decision-making and intensity, critical thinking intention in news issues on Facebook influence on opinion sharing for user-Perspectives on Idealism and Relativism." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83478558005688441397.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立高雄師範大學<br>資訊教育研究所<br>101<br>In today’s society, the rise of Information Techonology facilitate people to receive various news by a lot of pipelines,such as Social Network Sites.Everyone can express their own opinions in post-modern society.Therefore,the core of this study would realize the people who use the new techolonogy to watch news on Facebook,the types of personal moral judgement to influence on opinion sharing after news events have occured .
This study created the online questionnaires survey, a total of 249 questionnaires returned, 232 questionnaires were available.The response rate was 93.6%.The instruments of this study include the Ethic Position Questionnaire(EPQ) developed by Forsyth, the Ethic decision-making scale developed by Rest,Moral intensity scale developed by Jones,Critical thinking intention Questionnaire developed by Yu-Chu Yeh,the knowledge-sharing scale developed by Abel Usoro et al.
The result of this study are presented as follow:
1. Gender is significantly different to opinion sharing, male have a higher willingness to sharing his opinion on Facebook than females when the hot news events occurred. Also,gender is significantly different to moral judgement and intention, female have higher scores in moral judgement and intention than male.Gender is also significantly different to moral intensity,female have high sensitivity to feel something that caused someone to be hurt.
2. The various time of Facebook users whom watch news,the numbers of Facebook users whom join fan page,the frequency of Facebook users who response on Facebook fan page are significantly different to opinion sharing.
3. The moral philosophy is significantly correlated with critical thinking intention,ethic decision-making and moral intensity.
4. Critical thinking intention is positively significantly correlated with opinion sharing .Ethic decision-making and moral intensity are partially negtively significantly correlated with opinion sharing.
Keyword: News Issue,Moral Philosophy, Ethic Decision-making, Moral Intensity, Critical Thinking Intention,Opinion Sharing, Facebook
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Lizarraga-Madrigal, Ignacio. "Spinal analgesic interaction between non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor systems : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Veterinary Science, Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1466.
Full textAbstract:
Activation of spinal N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors stimulates cyclooxygenase and nitric oxide pathways. Compounds that block the activity of these NMDA receptor systems reduce pain hypersensitivity. However, their usefulness is limited by the side effects they produce. One way of reducing side effects is by combining drugs that produce the same overt effect by different mechanisms, which hopefully increase the net effect. In these series of studies, drugs that interact with NMDA receptor systems and their combinations were screened in vitro to identify spinal antinociceptive synergistic combinations that could be assessed in vivo. Based on developmental changes in thresholds, conduction velocities and blocking actions of the local anaesthetic lignocaine in neonatal rat L4/L5 dorsal root potentials, it was decided to use spinal cord in vitro preparation from 5- to 7-day-old rat pups. In single drug studies, the NMDA receptor channel blocker ketamine (1-50 µM) and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) ketoprofen (200-600 µM), but not the NSAID salicylate (1000 µM) and the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 1-100 µM), reduced spinal NMDA receptor-mediated transmission. Ketamine also depressed non-NMDA receptor-mediated transmission. Using isobolographic and composite additive line analyses, fixed-ratio combinations of ketamine and ketoprofen, ketamine and L-NAME, and ketopofen and L-NAME synergistically depressed NMDA receptor-mediated transmission. The two former combinations had a subadditive effect on non-NMDA receptor-mediated transmission, and the latter had no significant effect. These studies identified that all combinations synergistically reduced both nociceptive transmission and potential side effects. In free-moving sheep implanted with indwelling cervical intrathecal catheters, 100 µ1 subdural administration of ketamine (25-400 µM) and ketoprofen (200-3200 µM) alone and in a fixed-ratio combination (873.95-3350.78 µM, 0.045:0.955) did not raise nociceptive thresholds as assessed by mechanical stimulation of one foreleg. Subdural administration of NMDA (2 mM) decreased mechanical nociceptive thresholds, and this was prevented by the highest concentrations of ketamine and ketoprofen alone and in combination. These findings demonstrated that NMDA receptor channel blockers and NSAIDs alone or in combination had no direct hypoalgesic effects when given onto the spinal cord of sheep, but they prevented NMDA-induced pain hypersensitivity. Simultaneous blockade of NMDA receptor systems could have important clinical implications.
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Ma, Hengyun. "China's energy economy : reforms, market development, factor substitution and the determinnts of energy intensity : a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Canterbury New Zealand /." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2739.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Canterbury, 2009.<br>Typescript (photocopy). "March 2009." "Supervisors: Professor Les Oxley and Professor John Gibson." Includes bibliographical references (p. 325-359). Also available via the World Wide Web.
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Houlbrooke, David John. "A study of the quality of artificial drainage under intensive dairy farming and the improved management of farm dairy effluent using 'deferred irrigation' : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Soil Science, Institute of Natural Resources, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1665.
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The last decade has been a period of great expansion and land use intensification for the New Zealand dairy farming industry with a 44% increase in national dairy cow numbers. Intensive dairy farming is now considered to be a major contributor to the deterioration in the quality of surface and ground water resources in some regions of New Zealand. Previous research has demonstrated intensive dairy farming is responsible for accelerated contamination of wateways by nutrients, suspended solids, pathogenic organisms and faecal material. A number of common dairy farming practices increase the risk of nutrient leaching. In particular, farm dairy effluent (FDE) has been implicated as a major contributor to the degradation of water quality. With the introduction of the Resource Management Act in 1991, the preferred treatment for FDE shifted away from traditional two-pond systems to land application. However, on most farms, irrigation of FDE has occurred on a daily basis, often without regard for soil moisture status. Therefore, it has been commonplace for partially treated effluent to drain through and/or runoff soils and contaminate fresh water bodies. The objectives of this thesis were to design and implement a sustainable land application system for FDE on difficult to manage, mole and pipe drained soils, and to assess the impacts of FDE application, urea application and cattle grazing events on nutrient losses via artificial drainage and surface runoff from dairy cattle grazed pasture. To meet these objectives a research field site was established on Massey University's No.4 Dairy farm near Palmerston North. The soil type was Tokomaru silt loam, a Fragiaqualf with poor natural drainage. Eight experimental plots (each 40 x 40 m) were established with two treatments. Four of the plots represented standard farm practice including grazing and fertiliser regimes. Another four plots were subjected to the same farm practices but without the fertiliser application and they were also irrigated with FDE. Each plot had an isolated mole and pipe drainage system. Four surface runoff plots (each 5 m x 10 m) were established as subplots (two on the fertilised plots and two on the plots irrigated with FDE) in the final year of the study. Plots were instrumented to allow the continuous monitoring of drainage and surface runoff and the collection of water samples for nutrient analyses. An application of 25 mm of FDE to a soil with limited soil water deficit - simulating a 'daily' irrigation regime - resulted in considerable drainage of partially treated FDE. Approximately 70% of the applied FDE left the experimental plots with 10 mm of drainage and 8 mm of surface runoff. The resulting concentrations of N and P in drainage and runoff were approximately 45% and 80% of the original concentrations in the applied FDE, respectively. From this single irrigation event, a total of 12.1 kg N ha-1 and 1.9 kg P ha-1 was lost to surface water representing 45% of expected annual N loss and 100% of expected annual P loss. An improved system for applying farm dairy effluent to land called 'deferred irrigation' was successfully developed and implemented at the research site. Deferred irrigation involves the storage of effluent in a two-pond system during periods of small soil moisture deficits and the scheduling of irrigation at times of suitable soil water deficits. Deferred irrigation of FDE all but eliminated direct drainage losses with on average <1 % of the volume of effluent and nutrients applied leaving the experimental plots. Adopting an approach of applying 'little and often' resulted in no drainage and, therefore, zero direct loss of nutrients applied. A modelling exercise, using the APSlM simulation model, was conducted to study the feasibility of practising deferred irrigation at the farm scale on No 4 Dairy farm. Using climate data for the past 30 years, this simulation exercise demonstrated that applying small application depths of FDE, such as 15 mm or less, provided the ability to schedule irrigations earlier in spring and decreased the required effluent storage capacity. A travelling irrigator, commonly used to apply FDE (a rotating irrigator), was found to have 2-3 fold differences in application depth and increased the risk of generating FDE contaminated drainage. New irrigator technology (an oscillating travelling irrigator) provided a more uniform application pattern allowing greater confidence that an irrigation depth less than the soil water deficit could be applied. This allowed a greater volume to be irrigated, whilst avoiding direct drainage of FDE when the soil moisture deficit is low in early spring and late autumn. A recommendation arising from this work is that during this period of low soil water deficits, all irrigators should be set to travel at their fastest speed (lowest application depth) to minimise the potential for direct drainage of partially treated FDE and associated nutrient losses. The average concentrations of N and P in both 2002 and 2003 winter mole and pipe drainage water from grazed dairy pastures were all well above the levels required to prevent aquatic weed growth in fresh water bodies. Total N losses from plots representing standard farm practice were 28 kg N ha-1 and 34 kg N ha-1 for 2003 and 2004, respectively. Total P losses in 2003 and 2004 were 0.35 kg P ha-1 and 0.7 kg P ha-1, respectively. Surface runoff was measured in 2003 and contributed a further 3.0 kg N ha-1and 0.6 kg P ha-1. A number of common dairy farm practices immediately increased the losses of N and P in the artificial drainage water. Recent grazing events increased NO3--N and DIP concentrations in drainage by approximately 5 mg litre-1 and 0.1 mg litre-1, respectively. The duration between the grazing and drainage events influenced the form of N loss due to a likely urine contribution when grazing and drainage coincide, but had little impact on the total quantity of N lost. Nitrogen loss from an early spring application of urea in 2002 was minimal, whilst a mid June application in 2003 resulted in an increased loss of NO3--N throughout 80 mm of cumulative drainage suggesting that careful timing of urea applications in winter is required to prevent unnecessary N leaching. Storage and deferred irrigation of FDE during the lactation season caused no real increase in either the total-N concentrations or total N losses in the winter drainage water of 2002 and 2003. In contrast, land application of FDE using the deferred irrigation system resulted in a gradual increase in total P losses over the 2002 and 2003 winter drainage seasons. However, this increase represents less than 4% of the P applied in FDE during the lactation season. An assessment of likely losses of nutrients at a whole-farm scale suggests that it is standard dairy farming practice (particularly intensive cattle grazing) that is responsible for the great majority of N and P loss at a farm scale. When expressed as a proportion of whole-farm losses, only a very small quantity of N is lost under an improved land treatment technique for FDE such as deferred irrigation. The management of FDE plays a greater role in the likely P loss at a farm scale with a 5% contribution to wholefarm P losses from deferred irrigation.