Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Philosophical anthropology'
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Gregor, Brian. "Anthropologia Crucis: A Philosophical Anthropology of the Cross." Thesis, Boston College, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/3763.
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Thesis advisor: Richard KearneyWhat does the word of the cross mean for philosophical anthropology? That is my question in this dissertation, which undertakes a philosophical engagement with a word that is both a scandal and folly for philosophical wisdom. My task is to give a hermeneutical description of what I call the cruciform self, and to examine the significance of the cross for several key themes of philosophical anthropology. Because my focus is thematic, I engage with several interlocutors--most prominently Paul Ricoeur and Dietrich Bonhoeffer, but also Luther, Kierkegaard, Heidegger, Levinas, and Charles Taylor. Given the pronounced theological aspects of this project, a recurring theme is the relation between philosophy and faith, reason and revelation. The word of the cross interrogates anthropology as well as philosophy, and so I present a hermeneutics of the cruciform self as well as a distinctly cruciform philosophy. Chapter 1 outlines the hermeneutical turn in philosophical anthropology, and argues that the self is constituted in being addressed by an external word. Chapter 2 then draws on Luther's theology of the cross to sketch an ontology of justification by faith, in which the self is constituted by eschatological possibility rather than achieved actuality, and stands outside of itself with its identity in another, in promise rather than presence. Chapter 3 interprets sin and evil according to the image of incurvature--i.e., the self curved in on itself, cut off from its true relations to God, others, and itself. Chapter 4 then argues that this incurvature must be broken open by an external word. There I draw on Bonhoeffer's phenomenological christology, which identifies this word as Christ, the Counter-Logos who reverses the intentionality and interrogation of the immanent human logos. The chapters in Part II then use Bonhoeffer's account of the ultimate and the penultimate to show how the word of the cross refigures philosophical thinking about the concreteness and continuity of faith (Ch.5), human capability, agency, and ethical responsibility (Ch.6), reflexivity, self-understanding, and intentionality (Ch.7), and the tension between faith and religion (Ch.8)
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2009
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Philosophy
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Mutaawe, Kasozi Ferdinand. "Self and social reality in a philosophical anthropology : inquiring into George Herbert Mead's socio-philosophical anthropology /." Frankfurt am Main ; Bern ; New York (N.Y.) : P. Lang, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb371984472.
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Iheagwara, Anayochukwu. "The Philosophical Anthropology of Liberal Cosmopolitanism." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36860.
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This thesis fills a gap in the political philosophy of liberalism by elaborating the conceptions of the human subject implicit in a central ideal of liberalism. The essence of that ideal is that fortuitous facts about an individual – one’s race, gender, religion, nationality, sexual orientation – ought not to determine one’s life chances. This ideal, I maintain, presupposes a philosophical anthropology. Tacit but essential in this presupposition is that contingency and vulnerability are ineliminable features of the human condition. One of the central aspirations of liberalism is to construct a world in which fortuitous facts about an individual do not determine the individual’s prospects of having a flourishing and dignified life.
This thesis argues that a close scrutiny of leading theories of liberal justice reveals that the indisputable fact of human vulnerability is regularly depicted as peripheral. I contend that the marginal depiction of vulnerability in liberalism constitutes a basic problem in the philosophical anthropology implicit in liberalism. I demonstrate this claim by analysing three broad models of philosophical anthropology that can be uncovered in liberal theories and that are the subjects of this study: the Economic Model, as exemplified in Rawls among others, the Sociological Model, exemplified in Will Kymlicka and theorists focusing on cultural concerns, and the Integrationist Model, occurring in at least two somewhat contrasting versions, one by Martha Nussbaum and one by Kwame Anthony Appiah.
I argue that the Economic and Sociological Models are in some ways inconsistent with the motifs of contingency and human vulnerability. Unlike the two other models, the Integrationist Model, I argue, is compatible with the motifs of the ideal of liberalism insofar as this Model portrays human beings as vulnerable subjects, as a consequence of universal features of humanity but also of specific features associated with a legitimate degree of local rootedness and partiality. The thesis thus argues by way of the Integrationist Model that liberal cosmopolitanism furnishes liberalism with a matching philosophical anthropology.
The overall aim of the thesis is to counter the tendency in an array of liberal theorists to ignore or deny the need for an underlying philosophical anthropology and ultimately to elaborate the essentials of the requisite conception.
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Ford, Sharon Sylvia. "Wittgenstein, Cavell & imagination : a philosophical anthropology." Thesis, University of Essex, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339227.
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Hemati, Christi Lyn Evans C. Stephen. "The concept of eternity in Kierkegaard's philosophical anthropology." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5342.
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Mondal, Nasiruddin. "Tagore`s philosophical anthropology: apropos Vedanta and Buddism." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/92.
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DeSouza, Nigel Andrew. "The philosophical anthropology of the young Herder (1763-1780)." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613931.
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Fernandes, Ashley K. "Euthanasia, assisted suicide, and the philosophical anthropology of Karol Wojtyla." Connect to Electronic Thesis (ProQuest) Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2008. http://worldcat.org/oclc/436215376/viewonline.
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Fechter, John. "Primitivism, transgression, and other myths the philosophical anthropology of Georges Bataille /." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/999.
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Laitinen, Arto. "Strong evaluation without moral sources : on Charles Taylor's philosophical anthropology and ethics /." Berlin : W. de Gruyter, 2008. http://d-nb.info/989728781/04.
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Rev. Diss. Univ. of Jyväskylä, 2003.Die Originalausgabe der Dissertation erschien 2003 als Bd. 224 der Reihe "Jyväskylä studies in education, psychology and social research" Bibliography: S. 363-382.
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Laitinen, Arto. "Strong evaluation without moral sources on Charles Taylor's philosophical anthropology and ethics." Berlin New York, NY de Gruyter, 2003. http://d-nb.info/989728781/04.
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Marcotte, Roxanne D. "Suhrawardī (d.1191) and his interpretation of Avicenna's (d.1037) philosophical anthropology." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36651.
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Suhrawardi's interpretation of Avicenna's philosophical anthropology greatly depends on the Peripatetic system, in spite of its novel light motif and the faculty of imagination's predominance. His definition of the soul does not depart significantly from Avicenna's: its definition as an entelechy and a substance, its incorporeality, its pre-existence, or the role of the vital spirits---pneumata. However, he criticizes the materialism implied in a number of Avicennan theses. At issue is the ontological unity of the soul that Suhrawardi perceives to be jeopardized by the localization in the body of the representative faculties---the active and passive imaginations and the estimation---and their objects. After criticizing the "extramissive" and the "intromissive" theories of vision, Suhrawardi introduces his own illuminative theory in an effort to simultaneously account for mystical vision. He also reduces Avicenna's faculties responsible for representation to a single faculty, focusing on the soul's role in perception. Suhrawardi analyses self-knowledge, discussing the primary awareness of one's own existence, self-identity, the unmediated character of this type of knowledge, and the issue of individuation. At the conceptual level, intellection is logically prior to imagination, while discussions about the active intelligence, its functions, and the conjunction of the rational soul---the Isfahbad-light---with the active intelligence---the light principle---still remain Avicennan. Epistemological concepts such as intuition and mystical contemplation become central in the debate over the primacy of mystical knowledge over philosophical knowledge. Suhrawardi's and Avicenna's discussions about the nature of prophetic knowledge are then contrasted with the nature of mystical knowledge by introducing the negative and positive functions of the faculty of imagination, namely, its role in the particularization of universal truths and its mimetic function. The survival of th
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Marcotte, Roxanne D. "Suhraward¢i (d. 1191) and his interpretation of Avicenna's (d. 1037) philosophical anthropology." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ64616.pdf.
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Debacker, Luc. "Anthropologie philosophique du langage à l'école de linguistique à Saint-Pétersbourg/Philosophical anthropology of language in the linguistic school in St.Peterburg." Université catholique de Louvain, 2006. http://edoc.bib.ucl.ac.be:81/ETD-db/collection/available/BelnUcetd-06262006-220358/.
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The purpose of the essay consist of presenting, analysing and comparing the different philosophical approaches of language in St.Peterburg. The later are based on the study of several notions : symbols, reality, truth, speech, and so on. This work also deals with various paradigms such as language phenomenology, philosophy of symbolic forms, semiotic interpretation of language, structuralist approach of language,philosophical anthropology of language and cultural pattern of language./Le présent essai a pour but de présenter la philosophie du langage à Saint-pétersbourg. Il comprend l'analyse de diverses notions : symbole, réalité, langue et parole, etc. On y retrouve divers paradigmes tels que la phénoménologie du langage, la philosophie des formes symboliques, l'approche structuraliste du langage.
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Bosworth, David. "The view of human nature in the United States constitution as expressed in The federalist papers." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2001. http://www.tren.com.
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Pavesich, Vida. "Hans Blumenberg : an anthropological key /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3099917.
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Dargan, Geoffrey David. "The possible self : an exposition and analysis of metaphysical themes in Kierkegaard's theological anthropology." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:939bc331-d3af-4144-8aac-f6fa6be95f0b.
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This thesis proposes that Søren Kierkegaard's thought - in particular, his theological anthropology - is undergirded by an inchoate metaphysics of modality. It focuses on the concept of possibility (Danish: Mulighed), arguing that possibility is a primary ingredient of the Kierkegaardian self and serves as a kind of 'engine' for the development of the individual before God. Accordingly, viewing Kierkegaard's works through the lens of possibility is a fruitful way to gain new insights into his beliefs, and clarifies what he sought to express in his authorship. Kierkegaard, I argue, formulates a multilayered account of possibility that, while not abandoning metaphysics, re-frames possibility existentially, in terms of what the self may actually become, not only in and for itself but also in relation to God. One's selfhood and one's relation to God both require an ontology of possibility. His existential concerns arise from this metaphysical footing. This thesis then considers how possibility is integral to human selfhood. Genuine selfhood is an openness towards God's eternal possibility, rather than the self's attempting to create its own eternal possibilities via some other means of actualization. If the human person, by faith, becomes 'grounded in the absolute', then that person is becoming a self precisely because God is actualizing her possibilities. God is for Kierkegaard the source of all possibility. Theologically, Kierkegaard's conception of possibility presents us with ideas that may be fruitful in further discussion of God's attributes and the ways in which God is understood to relate to the created world. Anthropology, ontology, and theology are thus inextricably linked.
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Cullen, Helen E. "Simone Weil: The development of her philosophical anthropology through a study of her life and thought." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9639.
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This thesis develops a consistent view of Simone Weil's philosophical anthropology through a study of her life and thought, and how one informs the other. I demonstrate that there is a change in Simone Weil's conception of human nature from her early thought to her later thought. However, my thesis shows that this change is a development rather than a divergence in her thinking. The thesis demonstrates that Simone Weil's philosophical anthropology remains consistently dualistic throughout her writings. This dualism changes from a mind-body dualism to a dualism that places mind within a carnal part of the soul, and establishes an eternal part of the soul as the essence of human nature. My exposition demonstrates the conception of human nature developed in her early work. Then I show how this conception forms the basis of a critique of Marxism. I present her position that a liberated society for the workers must be organized around the dualistic conception of human nature. Work with a method is conceived as an intellectual, physical, and ultimately, spiritual practice that restores labour to a principal place in a free society. I demonstrate that a free society based on Simone Weil's philosophical anthropology came to mean to her a redirecting of Western culture so as to include the other dimensions of human nature: the continuity of time transmitted through tradition of identical thought; an understanding of our place in the order of the universe; and a true conception of our relation to God. The fully developed vision of the human being in Simone Weil's later work includes a conception of the State as a metaxu (intermediary). The function of the State as metaxu is elaborated in an inquiry into the uprooted human and political conditions of her time. This thesis maintains that Simone Weil holds, throughout her work, to the ideal of a society that enhances human nature by making manual labour its spiritual core.
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Longford, Graham D. "Michel Foucault and the death of man toward a posthumanist 'critical ontology of ourselves' /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ56242.pdf.
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Bagiackas, Joseph. "Karol Wojtyla's approach to the turn toward the subject and its application in his theology of supralapsarian man a comparison with the thought of Karl Rahner on these topics /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1986. http://www.tren.com.
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Cykowski, Elizabeth. "Summoning the courage for philosophising : a new reading of Heidegger's 'The Fundamental Concepts of Metaphysics'." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8afe3dae-439c-4caa-9046-5e3b94efed61.
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This thesis provides an original reading of Heidegger's 1929-30 lecture course The Fundamental Concepts of Metaphysics. Currently, the notoriety of FCM stems from controversy surrounding its description of human beings as 'world-forming,' and of animals as comparatively 'poor in world.' These propositions are interpreted within the secondary literature as a reinforcement of ontotheological and humanistic metaphysics. However, this standard interpretation misses the more complex and subtle significance of this material in the broader context of the lectures. I argue that Heidegger's 'comparative examination' forms part of a wider metaphysical project of interrogating a contemporary 'delusion,' a metaphysical division drawn between 'life' and 'spirit' engendered by an 'anthropological' worldview which pictures man as a composite of those two elements. Heidegger traces the manifestations of this delusion in Kulturphilosophie and biology, before attempting to recover a more genuinely metaphysical attitude, one founded not on anthropocentric 'worldviews' but on a direct, courageous 'confrontation' with ourselves. Heidegger argues that this confrontation must take its orientation from Greek thought, in which man is interpreted as that part of physis that apprehends physis as a whole. For Heidegger, this notion of the human as a kind of 'meta-physical' being enables us to grasp the coextensive essence of the human and of metaphysics. I argue that Heidegger's position can be extended and enriched if we consider it in conjunction with what he presents in the lecture course as one of its great adversaries; for the German tradition of philosophical anthropology, rather than being a straightforward articulation of the life-spirit divide that Heidegger wishes to eschew, actually harmonises with and deepens Heidegger's reflections in FCM concerning the nature of the human as a meta-physical being.
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Zackariasson, Ulf. "Forces by Which We Live : Religion and Religious Experience from the Perspective of a Pragmatic Philosophical Anthropology." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-1906.
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This study argues that a pragmatic conception of religion would enable philosophers to make important contributions to our ability to handle concrete problems involving religion. The term 'philosophical anthropology', referring to different interpretative frameworks, which philosophers draw on to develop conceptions of human phenomena, is introduced. It is argued that the classical pragmatists embraced a philosophical anthropology significantly different from that embraced by most philosophers of religion; accordingly, pragmatism offers an alternative conception of religion. It is suggested that a conception of religion is superior to another if it makes more promising contributions to our ability to handle extra-philosophical problems of religion. A pragmatic philosophical anthropology urges us to view human practices as responses to shared experienced needs. Religious practices develop to resolve tensions in our views of life. The pictures of human flourishing they persent reconstruct our views of life, thereby allowing more significant interaction with the environment, and a more significant life. A modified version of reflective equilibrium is developed to show how we, on a pragmatic conception of religion, are able to supply resources for criticism and reform of religious practices, so the extra-philosophical problems of religion can be handled. Mainstream philosophy of religion attempts to offer such resources by presenting analogy-arguments from religious experience. Those arguments are, however, unconvincing. A comparison of the two conceptions of religion thus results in a recommendation to reconstruct philosophy of religion.
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Carson, Nathan Paul. "At the heart of anthropology Søren Kierkegaard and Walker Percy on the nature and shape of creational selfhood /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2007. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p048-0333.
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Anusas, Mike. "Beyond objects : an anthropological dialogue with design." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2018. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=237173.
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This thesis, an anthropological dialogue with design, seeks to explore the formation of the material world beyond objects. The work is situated within the fields of design studies and social anthropology, and contributes to the emerging interdisciplinary field of design anthropology. It draws on my education and perspective as a designer and engineer, my field dialogues with contemporary practitioners and the writings of the media philosopher Vilém Flusser, the social anthropologist Tim Ingold and the architect Kengo Kuma. I begin with a consideration of the material world as all matter which forms the earth, its atmospheres and the dwellings and features of many organisms. Such a notion of the material world is abundant with life, energy and potential and recognises human perception as entwined with lineages of materials, making and transformation. However design has evolved, I argue, to become a practice that tends to obscure the energetic and entangled conditions of the world, by way of presenting materials in the form of objects; discrete and enclosed material entities. This results in an impoverishment of environmental perception and a clotting of the ecological currency of materials. To understand how materials come to be formed into objects, I attend to a site of contemporary engineering practice where designers work with materials, tools and computational media in the formation of a product: in this case the royal relay baton for the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow. Drawing on a period of sustained participant observation with one Glasgow-based company, I observe how lines of practice course through intention, gesture, conversation, writing, drawing, modelling and making, as materials are projected and presented in object form. I highlight the specific dispositions and activities of individual practitioners as they orient their perception towards different ways of knowing materials and specific practices of formation. Here, it becomes evident that design is, fundamentally, a social practice, constituted in an ongoing dialogue between people, matter and energy. Drawing the strands together, I argue that design is not so much a point-to-point procedural process, as an active matrix of social, material and energetic interchange, in which performance and form are intertwined in the transformation of people, materials and surrounds. Within this matrix of activity, the condition of the object is notably evident - and often dominating - but not absolute or inevitable, and there always exist possibilities for manifestations of form beyond objects. Following this prospect, the thesis rounds not to a closure, but to an opening: to the possibility of design as a practice of material performance led by the attentiveness, critique and imagination of an anthropological education.
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Goodrum, Gerald G. "The nature of language and the critique of the traditional definition of man in the thought of Martin Heidegger." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2001. http://www.tren.com.
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Wilhelm, Laura Michele. ""It's not a Collective; It's a Personal Experience that Happens to be Shared"| How Philosophical Systems of Individualism are sustained through Masonic Collaboration." Thesis, University of Nevada, Reno, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10161329.
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This dissertation examines the experience of Freemasonry, as practiced in the United States, Colombia, and through Masonic literature, from an anthropological perspective. The Freemasons are a fraternal society with a global presence. In this work, the experience of Freemasonry, as both an individual/personal journey and a shared/collective activity is discussed. The work utilizes a number of methods and theoretical bases, including, but not limited to, a reliance on both primary and secondary textual sources which enhance both an understanding of Freemasonry from Masonic perspectives as well as presents anthropological and interdisciplinary context and analyses. Theoretical discussions include, but are not limited to, a reconsideration of what constitutes a field site, how scholarship on secrecy can enhance the study of a society which generally does not consider itself a true secret society, and how texts can act both as reference and as a set of participants. The core inquiries of this project discuss how philosophical systems of individualism can be sustained through specific forms of collaboration, and how the simultaneity of the shared and the individual experience of Masonry constitutes a culture in its own right. Contributing to work done within the anthropology of Freemasonry, along with a range and combination of disciplinary and interdisciplinary orientations, such as an “activity-based approach”, and including elements of variation and consensus, this project provides a dialogue on themes of belonging, individualism, knowledge production, access, “activity”, and experience.
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Milne, Douglas J. W., and res cand@acu edu au. "A Religious, Ethical and Philosophical Study of the Human Person in the Context of Biomedical Practices." Australian Catholic University. School of Philosophy, 2006. http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/digitaltheses/public/adt-acuvp148.26072007.
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From the book of Genesis the human person is presented as divine image-bearer, a Godlike status that is further explained in terms of the dual constitution of matter and spirit. Natural Law provides a person-centred ethic that draws on a number of human goods that emanate naturally from the human person and lead in practice to human flourishing. This theory empowers towards making ethical decisions in the interest of human persons. Aristotle explained the human being as a substantially existing entity with rational powers. By means of his form-matter scheme he handed on, by way of Boethius, to Aquinas, a ready model for the Christian belief in the dual nature of the human person as an ensouled body or embodied soul. Applying the new scientific method to the question of the human self David Hume concluded that he could neither prove nor disprove her existence. By so reasoning Hume indirectly pointed to the need for other disciplines than empirical science to explain the human person. Emmanuel Levinas has drawn on the metaphysical tradition to draw attention to the social and ethical nature of the human person as she leaves the trace of her passing through the face of the other person who is encountered with an ethical gravitas of absolute demand. The genesis of the human person most naturally begins at conception at which point and onwards the human embryo grows continuously through an internal, animating principle towards a full-grown adult person. The main conclusion is that biblical anthropology and metaphysical philosophy provide the needed structures and concepts to explain adequately the full meaning of the human person and to establish the moral right of the human person at every stage to respect and protection.
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Bavaresco, Gilson. "O conceito de pessoa em Edith Stein." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2017. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/3590.
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A obra de Edith Stein denominada A Constituição da Pessoa Humana (Der Aufbau der menschlichen Person), de 1932-1933, é resultante do curso sobre antropologia filosófica oferecido às alunas do Instituto Alemão de Pedagogia Científica, em Münster, e foi escrita no contexto de estabelecimento da Antropologia Filosófica, alguns anos após a obra de Max Scheler, denominada A Posição do Homem no Cosmos (1928), e respondendo às questões formuladas nela. Na obra, Stein realiza um diálogo entre a filosofia de Tomás de Aquino e a fenomenologia de Edmund Husserl. Utilizando o método do segundo e a orientação nas questões do primeiro, visa oferecer uma resposta à questão “o que é o homem?”, como fundamento para a pedagogia, e distinguir a Antropologia Filosófica de outras formas de antropologia. No texto, Stein expõe a sua tese sobre a pessoa: “ele pode e deve 'formar' a si mesmo” (STEIN, 2014, p. 123). É na análise e discussão desta ideia de pessoa que se centra a presente dissertação. Para tanto, investigou-se também como a questão antropológica, no contexto em que Stein elaborou a sua obra, erigiu-se como tema tão importante na Alemanha e algumas questões que estão envolvidas com essa problemática, bem como analisou-se minimamente a peculiaridade do método fenomenológico quando aplicado à questão do ser humano. A pessoa é compreendida como um ser espiritual e livre, centro de atos e com consciência de si, mostrando proximidades com a compreensão de Scheler. No entanto, Stein descreve a estrutura essencial do espírito, que manifesta como peculiaridade – frente aos níveis inferiores de ser – o poder de formar a si mesmo e, como sendo essencial ao espírito, esse desdobrar-se entre eu e si, designando-se, por este último, o conjunto de capacidades de sua natureza humana, dadas ao eu para a sua autoconfiguração livre e singular. Essa pessoa espiritual e livre é compreendida como pertencendo essencialmente a uma estrutura anímica em cuja espacialidade pode se mover e cujos atos, em relação ao mundo, são mais ou menos profundos.Submitted by cmquadros@ucs.br (cmquadros@ucs.br) on 2018-03-28T18:12:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Gilson Bavaresco.pdf: 882118 bytes, checksum: 76bd99aca7f3005b3d1751a72b2d618b (MD5)
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La obra de Edith Stein denominada La Constitución de la Persona Humana (Der Aufbau der menschlichen Person), de 1932-1933, es el resultado del curso sobre antropología filosófica ofrecido a las alumnas del Instituto Alemán de Pedagogía Científica en Münster, y fue escrita en el contexto de la consolidación de la Antropología Filosófico-Fenomenológica en los años 30, algunos años después de la obra de Max Scheler, denominada La posición del Hombre en el Cosmos (1928), y respondiendo a las preguntas formuladas en ella. En la obra, Stein realiza un diálogo entre la filosofía de Tomás de Aquino y la fenomenología de Edmund Husserl. Utilizando el método del segundo y la orientación en las cuestiones del primero, pretende ofrecer una respuesta a la pregunta "¿qué es el hombre?", como fundamento para la pedagogía, y distinguir la antropología filosófica de otras formas de antropología. En el texto, Stein expone su tesis sobre la persona: "él puede y debe 'formarse' a sí mismo" (STEIN, 2014, p. 123). Es en el análisis y discusión de esta idea de persona que se centra la presente disertación. Para ello, se investigó también cómo la cuestión antropológica, en el contexto en que Stein elaboró su obra, se erigió como tema tan importante en Alemania y algunas cuestiones que están involucradas con esa problemática, así como se analizó mínimamente la peculiaridad del método fenomenológico cuando se aplica a la cuestión del ser humano. La persona es comprendida como un ser espiritual y libre, centro de actos y con conciencia de sí, mostrando cercanía con la comprensión de Scheler. Sin embargo, Stein describe la estructura esencial del espíritu, que manifiesta como peculiaridad –frente a los niveles inferiores de ser– el poder de formarse a sí mismo y, como siendo esencial al espíritu, ese desdoblamiento entre yo y sí, designándose por este último, el conjunto de capacidades de su naturaleza humana dadas al yo para su auto-configuración libre y singular. Esta persona espiritual y libre es comprendida como perteneciente esencialmente a una estructura anímica en cuya espacialidad puede moverse y cuyos actos, en relación al mundo, son más o menos profundos.
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Honenberger, Phillip. "Mediating Life: Animality, Artifactuality, and the Distinctiveness of the Human in the Philosophical Anthropologies of Scheler, Plessner, Gehlen, and Mead." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2013. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/214772.
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PhilosophyPh.D.
What is a human being? In the early 20th century, the "philosophical anthropologists" Max Scheler, Helmuth Plessner, and Arnold Gehlen approached this question through a comparison between human and non-human organisms' species-typical interaction with environments and an account of the conditions of the emergence of "higher" cognitive and agentive functions on this basis. In this text I offer a critical review of the central arguments of Scheler, Plessner, and Gehlen on these issues, as well as of their debates with figures such as Jakob von Uexküll, Martin Heidegger, and G. H. Mead. I take note of the consequences of various answers to this question for the interpretation of human beings' dually biological and cultural status and for the theory of the human self or person. I argue that the approaches of Plessner and Gehlen, despite objections raised by Hans Joas and others, have important advantages over those of Scheler, Uexküll, Heidegger, and Mead, as well as over recent suggestions by Korsgaard and Tomasello. I conclude by outlining a reconstructed philosophical anthropology that supports a new perspective on the question of human distinctiveness and on a number of related questions in the context of contemporary debates.
Temple University--Theses
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Ress, Jonathan Sheldon. "A qualitative investigation into the application of Martin Buber's philosophical anthropology to the experience of trauma and its psychotherapeutic intervention." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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This study focused on trauma and seeked to demonstrate that the application of a Buberian understanding to the experience of trauma can help shed light on the impact of trauma on a sufferer's life. The aim of the study was to gain an understanding of the impact of trauma on interpersonal relationships as well as to determine components of psychotherapy found most helpful in the recovering process.
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Sell, Wilhelm. "Características da condição humana na contemporaneidade." Faculdades EST, 2009. http://tede.est.edu.br/tede/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=184.
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Evangelische Missionswerk in DeutschlandCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Um estudo em antropologia teológico-filosófica que lança algumas características da condição humana na pós-modernidade. A primeira parte inicia com duas abordagens: começa-se analisando a guinada antropológica a partir do hegelianismo de esquerda (FEUERBACH e MARX) e do pensamento aristocrático do filósofo NIETZSCHE, destacando o rompimento com Deus e o acréscimo da confiança do ser humano em suas potencialidades, mesmo redentoras. Dá-se especial atenção para alguns desdobramentos dessa guinada, por exemplo, o enfraquecimento do ser, que acontece no rompimento com as balizas que antes lhe asseguravam dignidade. Termina-se examinando o desenvolvimento do pensamento moderno e seu promissor projeto acerca do progresso da ciência, economia, e do fortalecimento do Estado. Essa primeira parte é finalizada contemplando algumas questões em torno da relação entre Modernidade e Pós-Modernidade, os infortúnios, reforma e (des)continuidade, tratando, brevemente, algumas características da condição humana na chamada Pós-Modernidade. Na segunda parte, abordam-se quatro distintos pensadores contemporâneos: KONRAD LORENZ, PETER SINGER, RICHARD RORTY, e CHARLES MELMAN. Procura-se nestes, contribuições para o estudo proposto, traçando diferentes pensares que brotam diante da pergunta do ser humano pela sua condição existencial. Nos três primeiros pensadores atenta-se para novas compreensões que surgem em torno do ser humano, as quais substituem antigos conceitos (pecado, dignidade e valor da vida, verdade e solidariedade), fundamentos e justificações, dando novos sentidos a estes. Finalizando, é contemplada a análise crítica de MELMAN acerca do ser humano pós-moderno: o homem sem gravidade. No terceiro e último capítulo é abordado o pensamento antropológico de dois teólogos luteranos, GOTTFRIED BRAKEMEIER e EULER WESTPHAL, destacando-se as problemáticas em torno da condição humana na pós-modernidade. Observa-se a ambigüidade da existência humana pós-moderna: ao mesmo tempo em que não é possível demonizar essa nova etapa da história da humanidade, não se pode iludir-se com todos os benefícios que provém das facilidades e descobertas com as quais se é brindado. O trabalho é finalizado abordando algumas características da condição humana na Pós-Modernidade e retomando questões tratadas ao longo do estudo. Nesse contexto, a teologia é caracterizada como ciência crítica que tem a função de lutar pelo resgate e permanência da sacralidade da vida humana e do cosmos. Além disso, a teologia contribui para uma análise antropológica que contempla a dimensão religiosa como constitutivo essencial do ser humano, que tem sua expressão nos elementos de promessa, expectativa messiânica e esperança escatológica; expressões que, tanto na Modernidade como na Pós-Modernidade, são transferidos de Deus para as potencialidades humanas de criar/instaurar, por meio de instituições e da ciência biotecnológica, o Reino dos céus na terra.
This work is an anthropological survey that exposes some features of human condition in postmodernity. The first part begins with two approaches: it starts by analyzing the anthropological lurch after the inception of left Hegelianism (FEURBACH and MARX) and thought of the aristocratic philosopher NIETZSCHE, highlighting the rupture with God and the increase in mans confidence in his potential, even regarding his redemption. Special attention is paid to some of this lurchs later developments, such as the weakening of being, which ensues after the rupture with the buoys that previously ensured its dignity. It concludes by examining the development of modern thought and its promising project for the progress of science and economy and for the strengthening of the state. The first part ends by contemplating some issues regarding the relationship between modernity and postmodernity, the mishaps, reform, and (dis)continuity, briefly touching upon some features of the human condition in the so-called postmodernity. In the second part, four eminent contemporary thinkers are considered: KONRAD LORENZ, PETER SINGER, RICHARD RORTY, and CHARLES MELMAN. Contributions for this survey are sought in their works, tracing different reflections that spring from mans inquiry into his existential condition. The works by the first three are inspected for new understandings that arise about the human being, which have replaced old concepts (sin, dignity and worth of life, truth, and solidarity), as well as foundations and justifications, giving them new meanings. Finally, MELMANs critical analysis on the postmodern man is contemplated: the man without gravity. In the third and last chapter, the anthropological thoughts of two theologians, GOTTFRIED BRAKEMEIER and EULER WESTPHAL, are meditated upon, highlighting the issues on the human condition in postmodernity. The ambiguity of postmodern human existence is evidenced: neither is it possible to demonize this new stage of human history, nor should one be mislead by all the benefits stemming from the conveniences and discoveries with which one is bestowed. The work concludes by reflecting on some features of the human condition in postmodernity and by raising questions that were discussed earlier. In this context, theology is characterized as a critical science whose purpose is to fight for the reclaiming and the preserving of the sacredness of the human life and the cosmos. Furthermore, theology contributes for an anthropological analysis that contemplates the religious dimension as an essential component of man, expressed by promise, messianic expectation and eschatological hope; these expressions, both in modernity and postmodernity, are transferred from God to the human potential of creating/establishing, by means of institutions and the biotechnological science, the kingdom of heavens on earth.
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Tipton, Paula J. "The Imago Dei and personhood." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1995. http://www.tren.com.
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Hunter, Andrew G. "Philosophical justification and the legal accommodation of Indigenous ritual objects; an Australian study." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2006. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/71.
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Indigenous cultural possessions constitute a diverse global issue. This issue includes some culturally important, intangible tribal objects. This is evident in the Australian copyright cases viewed in this study, which provide examples of disputes over traditional Indigenous visual art. A proposal for the legal recognition of Indigenous cultural possessions in Australia is also reviewed, in terms of a new category of law. When such cultural objects are in an artistic form they constitute the tribe's self-presentation and its mechanism of cultural continuity. Philosophical arguments for the legal recognition of Indigenous intellectual `property' tend to assume that the value of Indigenous intellectual property is determinable on external criteria.
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Lopes, Rodrigo Barbosa [UNESP]. "Imagem do pensamento: do antropológico ao acontecimento na Educação." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104849.
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lopes_rb_dr_mar.pdf: 1104891 bytes, checksum: b5a7082901053c1b826282fceba9cfa6 (MD5)O que está proposto na forma deste trabalho de tese se integra ao projeto de pesquisa de doutorado com o qual procuramos investigar o paradigma antropológico na filosofia da educação, isto é, a crítica ao entendimento da educação como um projeto antropológico fundamental. A configuração antropológica do pensamento, que converte a filosofia em uma analítica do homem, e a concepção de uma estrutura antropológico-humanista na educação impedem o exercício de um pensamento crítico e criativo, porque paralisam, ao incidirem sobre uma filosofia da representação e do sujeito transcendental, o exercício de pensamento em face do desafio de investigar o tema do acontecimento na práxis educativa. Desse modo, se por um lado é importante fazer uma análise da configuração antropológica do pensamento e uma crítica à concepção antropológico-humanista predominante nas reflexões sobre a educação, por outro, temos a intenção de sugerir que outra possibilidade é pensar o exercício do pensamento filosófico no campo da educação como uma experiência e um acontecimento. Ou seja, propomos realizar, a partir de Gilles Deleuze e Michel Foucault, um exercício de pensamento em que a filosofia da educação seja pensada no deslocamento entre dois domínios distintos e conflitantes acerca da natureza e do modo de pensar ou exercer a filosofia (e, por conseguinte, de pensar filosoficamente a educação): por um lado, a imagem antropológica do pensamento, isto é, a configuração da filosofia moderna como analítica da finitude, que ainda nos é atual, e que enquanto uma filosofia do Mesmo permanece sendo essencialmente uma filosofia da representação; e, por outro lado, a abertura da filosofia para uma nova imagem do pensamento ou um pensamento sem imagem, quer dizer, sem postulados...
The proposal for this thesis integrates to the doctor degree‟s search work in which it is investigated the anthropological paradigm in philosophy of education, it means, the critics to educational understanding as a fundamental anthropological project. The anthropological configuration of the thought, which converts philosophy into a man analysis, and the conception of an anthropological-humanistic structure in education impede the critic and creative thought exercise, as they paralyze, by focusing on a philosophy of representation and of the transcendental subject, the exercise of the thought facing the challenge of investigating the event theme into educational praxis. Thereby, if by one hand it is important to analyze the anthropological configuration of the thought and a critic to the predominant anthropological-humanist conception on the reflections about education, on the other hand, we intend to suggest that the other possibility is to think the exercise of the philosophical thought into education field as an experience and an event. In other words, we propose to perform, from Gilles Deleuze and Michel Foucault, a thinking exercise in which philosophy of education is thought regarding the displacement between two distinct and conflicting domains involving nature and the way of thinking or to exercise the philosophy (and, therefore, to think philosophically about education): on one hand, the anthropological image of the thought, or else, the configuration of the modern philosophy as finitude analysis, that is still updated for us, and as a Self philosophy is kept being essentially a philosophy of representation; and, on the other hand, the philosophy opening to a new image of the thought or a non-image thought, it means without postulates or presuppositions: a thought of the event. We propose... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Prima, Frank Joseph. "The human soul as form and Hoc aliquid according to St. Thomas Aquinas." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2004. http://www.tren.com.
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Bloomfield, Anne. "An investigation into the relationship between philosophical principle and artistic practice with reference to the role of dance in education." Thesis, University of Hull, 1986. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5388.
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The thesis commences with the examination of the place of dance in British society, and focusses on its social and cultural role, while proffering explanations pertaining to its metaphysical and symbolical significance. It is evident that changes in political and religious attitude led to censure of folkloristic pastimes and celebrations of dancing, but it transpires that during the Restoration Period a resurgence of the popularity and acceptance of dance occurred in both theatrical and social contexts. The role of the dancing master is depicted in the creation of a mannered society, when aesthetically, artistically, and technically, dance was valued. The function of dance as a form of physical exercise is examined and concludes the introductory section. In establishing the role of dance in education, a study of early nineteenth century educational philosophers and practitioners is made, and the implications of Swedenborgianism on their work is investigated. European and American influences in the form of militarism, the gymnastic movement, health and dress reform are also examined. The founding of the Women's Colleges of Physical Education established dance as an aspect of physical training, a role reinforced by the Board of Education through the publication of a series of Syllabuses on Physical Training. Drills, singing games and maypole dances were taught in schools prior to the Folk Dance Revival, when morris, sword and country dances assumed a place with court and national dances, which were also performed by children. The Modern Dance Movement developed during the inter-war period and was typified by a variety of neo-classical, rhythmical dance forms that emphasised datural movement and spiritual expression. An account is included on the implementation of modern educational dance during the post-war years, and an appraisal of contemporary practice is made. The conclusion forms a summary and analytical argument relative to the changing role of dance in education.
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Jucker, Jean-Luc. "Ambiguous artefacts : towards a cognitive anthropology of art." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0c90f23e-7f20-45b7-b9fd-f66dbdfaa3ab.
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This thesis proposes elements for a cognitive anthropology of visual art. Most works of art are human-made objects that cannot be approached in purely functional terms, and as such they frustrate important cognitive expectations that people have about artefacts. For this reason, it is hypothesised that art triggers speculation about the artist’s intention, and that it is intuitively approached as a form of communication. By application of Bloom’s (1996) theory of artefact categorisation, and Sperber and Wilson’s (1986/1995) relevance theory of communication, a series of predictions are generated for art categorisation (or definition), art appreciation, and art cultural distribution. Two empirical studies involving more than 1,000 participants tested the most important of these predictions. In study 1, a relationship was found between how much a series of works of art were liked and how easy they were to understand. Study 2 comprised four experiments. In experiment 1, a series of hyperrealistic paintings were preferred when they were labelled as paintings than when they were labelled as photographs. In experiments 2a and 2b, a series of paintings were considered easier to understand and, under some conditions, were preferred, when they were accompanied by titles that made it easier to understand the artist’s intention. In experiment 3, a series of artefacts were more likely to be considered “art” when they were thought to have been created intentionally than when they were thought to have been created accidentally. The results of studies 1 and 2 confirmed the predictions tested, and are interpreted in the framework of relevance theory. The art experience involves speculation about the artist’s intention, and it is partly assessed as a form of communication that is constrained by relevance dynamics. Implications for anthropology of art, psychology of art, and the art world are discussed.
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Santos, Maria Emanuela Esteves dos 1985. "Michel Serres = a possível nova hominescência e os desafios para a educação do homem contemporanêo." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/251414.
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Orientador: Silvio Donizetti de Oliveira GalloDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação
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Resumo: Pensar a formação do homem contemporâneo é nesta dissertação um objetivo que se viabiliza pela filosofia de Michel Serres. Por meio dela, mais especificamente na obra Hominescências, buscou-se a compreensão dos elementos e circunstâncias que singularizam nosso tempo e, consequentemente, podem estar fazendo emergir uma outra humanidade. Nesse sentido, como uma investigação, a princípio, marcada por reflexões antropológicas, esta dissertação intenta, contudo, por objetivo maior, lançar as proposições que permitam pensar a educação do homem contemporâneo. O primeiro movimento da investigação constou em refletir sobre o homem e as dimensões que o engendram segundo a tradição da Antropologia Filosófica. Posteriormente, esta investigação apropriou-se de alguns elementos dessa tradição para pensar a filosofia antropológica proposta por Serres. Logo, sob a ambiência desses conceitos filosóficos, a dissertação passou ao detalhamento das circunstâncias diferenciais do século XX, que redimensionaram as três dimensões de engendramento do homem: o corpo, o mundo e os outros. Dessa forma, refletindo sobre a contingência desses três acontecimentos à constituição do homem, esta dissertação buscou levantar, como último movimento, as implicações deste novo tempo ao pensamento educacional.
Abstract: In this dissertation, reflecting upon the education of contemporary Man is an objective made feasible by Michel Serres's philosophy. Through his thinking, more specifically in the book Hominescence, we sought to understand the elements and circumstances that single out our time and that could consequently be bringing forth a new Humanity. Even though this research is at first glance marked by anthropological reflections, the dissertation aims primarily at laying the propositions that allow of thinking of the education of contemporary Man. The first step forward in this investigation consisted in reflecting on Man and on the dimensions that engender them according to the tradition of philosophical anthropology. Subsequently, elements from this tradition are incorporated so as to think of the philosophical anthropology propounded by Serres. Therefore, under the ambiance of the philosophical concepts, the dissertation goes on to detail the circumstances, unique to the 20th century, that reshaped the three dimensions which engender Man: the body, the world and the other. Hence, reflecting on the contingency of those three events for the constitution of Man, this dissertation sought to raise, as a last step, the implications of this new era, for educational thought.
Mestrado
Filosofia e História da Educação
Mestre em Educação
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ODINI, LUCA. "L'ANTROPOLOGIA DI ANSELMO D'AOSTA TRA FONDAMENTO ONTOLOGICO E ISTANZA TEOLOGICA." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1808.
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La ricerca si propone, attraverso una lettura ermeneutica storico-teoretica della quasi totalità dei testi anselmiani, di far emergere quale sia la concezione antropologica dell’autore e all’interno di quali linee teoriche possa essere ricondotta. Emergerà come innegabile il riferimento all’impianto antropologico e teologico agostiniano ma sarà altrettanto evidente come Anselmo si ponga in parziale discontinuità con questo nucleo fondativo proponendo notevoli elementi di novità. Lo studio si snoda su cinque capitoli che rispondono al tentativo di mostrare come - pur non potendo prescindere dal fondamento di Dio da cui tutto procede, per poi passare attraverso l’icona del Cristo e della sua incarnazione, fino ad arrivare all’uomo ed essere nuovamente condotti in ultima istanza a Dio – l’impianto anselmiano proponga significativi aspetti di discontinuità con il paradigma di riferimento. Nella parte conclusiva, attraverso una ripresa del Proslogion, si è mostrato come alla luce del percorso compiuto anche l’id quo maius acquisti un significato e una valenza ancor più ricca soprattutto per i suoi riflessi sul versante antropologico che possono suggerire stimoli assai interessanti anche per l’uomo contemporaneo.The aim of this study is to analyze Anselmo's scriptures, his literary references and anthropological conception through an hermeneutic historical-theoretic approach. The analysis shows an anthropological and theological connection with Agostino's inheritance but, at the same time, it is possible to evidence that Anselmo introduces new elements of reflection. My research is based on five chapters that try to demonstrate the distinctive feature of Anselmo anthropological conception starting from his main philosophical/theological subjects such the foundation of God, the proceeds of everything from Him, the figure of Christ, his incarnation and the human being. In conclusion, the id quo maius acquired an important and renewed meaning -through the anthropological interpretation done - not only for the historical research but for the contemporary man too.
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ODINI, LUCA. "L'ANTROPOLOGIA DI ANSELMO D'AOSTA TRA FONDAMENTO ONTOLOGICO E ISTANZA TEOLOGICA." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1808.
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La ricerca si propone, attraverso una lettura ermeneutica storico-teoretica della quasi totalità dei testi anselmiani, di far emergere quale sia la concezione antropologica dell’autore e all’interno di quali linee teoriche possa essere ricondotta. Emergerà come innegabile il riferimento all’impianto antropologico e teologico agostiniano ma sarà altrettanto evidente come Anselmo si ponga in parziale discontinuità con questo nucleo fondativo proponendo notevoli elementi di novità. Lo studio si snoda su cinque capitoli che rispondono al tentativo di mostrare come - pur non potendo prescindere dal fondamento di Dio da cui tutto procede, per poi passare attraverso l’icona del Cristo e della sua incarnazione, fino ad arrivare all’uomo ed essere nuovamente condotti in ultima istanza a Dio – l’impianto anselmiano proponga significativi aspetti di discontinuità con il paradigma di riferimento. Nella parte conclusiva, attraverso una ripresa del Proslogion, si è mostrato come alla luce del percorso compiuto anche l’id quo maius acquisti un significato e una valenza ancor più ricca soprattutto per i suoi riflessi sul versante antropologico che possono suggerire stimoli assai interessanti anche per l’uomo contemporaneo.The aim of this study is to analyze Anselmo's scriptures, his literary references and anthropological conception through an hermeneutic historical-theoretic approach. The analysis shows an anthropological and theological connection with Agostino's inheritance but, at the same time, it is possible to evidence that Anselmo introduces new elements of reflection. My research is based on five chapters that try to demonstrate the distinctive feature of Anselmo anthropological conception starting from his main philosophical/theological subjects such the foundation of God, the proceeds of everything from Him, the figure of Christ, his incarnation and the human being. In conclusion, the id quo maius acquired an important and renewed meaning -through the anthropological interpretation done - not only for the historical research but for the contemporary man too.
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Sarin, Bernhard. "Ein Leben als Artikulation : die anthropologische Ikonographie der Schriften von Imre Kertész." Universität Potsdam, 2010. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/4604/.
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Imre Kertész ist 1929 in Budapest geboren und dort aufgewachsen. 1944 wurde er im Rahmen einer Judendeportation verhaftet und über Auschwitz in das KZ Buchenwald verbracht. Nach der Befreiung des Lagers 1945 kehrte er in seine Heimatstadt zurück, wo er seit 1953 als Schriftsteller und Übersetzer tätig war. 2001 verlegte er seinen Lebensmittelpunkt nach Berlin. 2002 erhielt er den Nobelpreis für Literatur.
Ziel der Untersuchung ist die Rekonstruktion einer in Kertész’ Werk allegorisch codierten Anthropologie und einer damit implizierten Ästhetik. Die Basis der fraglichen Anthropologie ist der Begriff des Lebens. Das spezifisch menschliche Leben zeichnet sich durch den Prozess der kulturellen Evolution aus, welcher durch verständigungsorientierte Mittel rational zu steuern ist. Die hieraus resultierende Dialektik wird von autonomen Personen konstituiert. Dabei erscheint die generationenübergreifende Reproduktion der Personenrolle und des damit einhergehenden menschlichen Bewusstseins als unbedingte Pflicht im Sinne Kants. Letzterer Vorgang kann als ästhetische Erfahrung beschrieben werden, bei der die menschliche Ontogenese jeweils in Orientierung an paradigmatischen Darstellungen der Personalität respektive der Personalisierung erfolgt.Imre Kertész was born in Budapest in 1929. He lived there until 1944, when, in the course of a deportation of Jews, he was arrested and taken to the KZ Buchenwald via Auschwitz. After the liberation of the camp in 1945 he returned to his home town, where he began to work as a writer and translator in 1953. In the year 2001 he moved to Berlin. He was awarded the Nobel prize for literature in 2002. The objective of the study is to reconstruct an anthropology allegorically encoded in the oeuvre of Kertész and a theory of aesthetics intrinsic to it. Fundamental to the anthropology in question is the concept of life. Human life in particular is characterized by the process of cultural evolution, which has to be controlled rationally by means of communication. The resulting dialectic is supported by autonomous persons. Thereby the transgenerational reproduction of personality and the corresponding human consciousness appears as a categorical duty in the sense of Kant. The latter proceeding can be described as an aesthetic experience in which the individual human ontogenesis is oriented to paradigmatic representations of personality respectively of personalization.
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Sarin, Bernhard. "Leben als Artikulation : die anthropologische Ikonographie der Schriften von Imre Kertész." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/2690/.
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Imre Kertész ist 1929 in Budapest geboren und dort aufgewachsen. 1944 wurde er im Rahmen einer Judendeportation verhaftet und über Auschwitz in das KZ Buchenwald verbracht. Nach der Befreiung des Lagers 1945 kehrte er in seine Heimatstadt zurück, wo er seit 1953 als Schriftsteller und Übersetzer tätig war. 2001 verlegte er seinen Lebensmittelpunkt nach Berlin. 2002 erhielt er den Nobelpreis für Literatur.
Ziel der Untersuchung ist die Rekonstruktion einer in Kertész’ Werk allegorisch codierten Anthropologie und einer damit implizierten Ästhetik. Die Basis der fraglichen Anthropologie ist der Begriff des Lebens. Das spezifisch menschliche Leben zeichnet sich durch den Prozess der kulturellen Evolution aus, welcher durch verständigungsorientierte Mittel rational zu steuern ist. Die hieraus resultierende Dialektik wird von autonomen Personen konstituiert. Dabei erscheint die generationenübergreifende Reproduktion der Personenrolle und des damit einhergehenden menschlichen Bewusstseins als unbedingte Pflicht im Sinne Kants. Letzterer Vorgang kann als ästhetische Erfahrung beschrieben werden, bei der die menschliche Ontogenese jeweils in Orientierung an paradigmatischen Darstellungen der Personalität respektive der Personalisierung erfolgt.Imre Kertész was born in Budapest in 1929. He lived there until 1944, when, in the course of a deportation of Jews, he was arrested and taken to the KZ Buchenwald via Auschwitz. After the liberation of the camp in 1945 he returned to his home town, where he began to work as a writer and translator in 1953. In the year 2001 he moved to Berlin. He was awarded the Nobel prize for literature in 2002. The objective of the study is to reconstruct an anthropology allegorically encoded in the oeuvre of Kertész and a theory of aesthetics intrinsic to it. Fundamental to the anthropology in question is the concept of life. Human life in particular is characterized by the process of cultural evolution, which has to be controlled rationally by means of communication. The resulting dialectic is supported by autonomous persons. Thereby the transgenerational reproduction of personality and the corresponding human consciousness appears as a categorical duty in the sense of Kant. The latter proceeding can be described as an aesthetic experience in which the individual human ontogenesis is oriented to paradigmatic representations of personality respectively of personalization.
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Wisemore, Jack. "God, humanity, and the form of the personal : the philosophical contribution of John Macmurray, with particular reference to issues in contemporary theology." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13236.
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Recent trends in theology have created an environment where the thought of John Macmurray, a twentieth-century Scottish thinker and Professor of Moral Philosophy at the University of Edinburgh, is increasingly relevant. In particular the reemergence of a robust trinitarianism has raised issues surrounding relational concepts of person and the nature of the relationship between human and divine persons. Macmurray's philosophy is cited as a contemporary example of persons in relation which parallels certain Cappadocian and Athanasian notions of the Trinity. The relationship between Macmurray's anthropology and his theology, however, is largely unexplored, due in part to confusion over the exact nature of his doctrine of God as well as the lack of a thorough exposition of his thought as a whole. Because of the highly integrated nature of Macmurray's work one cannot properly understand the philosophical, anthropological, or theological dimensions in isolation from each other. Therefore this thesis considers these three dimensions of Macmurray's thought, providing a systematization and clarification of his philosophy, anthropology, and theology. Through the interaction between the philosophical, anthropological, and theological aspects of Macmurray's thought the ontological and epistemological relationship between God and humanity surfaces. Ontologically Macmurray clearly differentiates between God and humanity. Yet epistemologically there is a necessary relation because all human knowing and reflection is conditioned and limited by human reality. Since Macmurray believes humans experience God, he believes all human knowledge of God must be expressed within the terms of human reality. This does not necessarily lead to anthropomorphism as long as one realizes one is speaking in a limited and theoretical fashion about God who is at least personal. Macmurray's thought is then used to critically engage the theology of Moltmann, Gunton, Torrance, Cunningham, and Lampe particularly with respect to their understandings of the divine-human relationship.
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Lopes, Rodrigo Barbosa. "Imagem do pensamento : do antropológico ao acontecimento na Educação /." Marília : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104849.
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Orientador: Pedro Ângelo PagniBanca: Rodrigo Pelloso Gelamo
Banca: Divino José da Silva
Banca: Fernando Bárcena Orbe
Banca: Alexandre Filordi de Carvalho
Resumo: O que está proposto na forma deste trabalho de tese se integra ao projeto de pesquisa de doutorado com o qual procuramos investigar o paradigma antropológico na filosofia da educação, isto é, a crítica ao entendimento da educação como um projeto antropológico fundamental. A configuração antropológica do pensamento, que converte a filosofia em uma analítica do homem, e a concepção de uma estrutura antropológico-humanista na educação impedem o exercício de um pensamento crítico e criativo, porque paralisam, ao incidirem sobre uma filosofia da representação e do sujeito transcendental, o exercício de pensamento em face do desafio de investigar o tema do acontecimento na práxis educativa. Desse modo, se por um lado é importante fazer uma análise da configuração antropológica do pensamento e uma crítica à concepção antropológico-humanista predominante nas reflexões sobre a educação, por outro, temos a intenção de sugerir que outra possibilidade é pensar o exercício do pensamento filosófico no campo da educação como uma experiência e um acontecimento. Ou seja, propomos realizar, a partir de Gilles Deleuze e Michel Foucault, um exercício de pensamento em que a filosofia da educação seja pensada no deslocamento entre dois domínios distintos e conflitantes acerca da natureza e do modo de pensar ou exercer a filosofia (e, por conseguinte, de pensar filosoficamente a educação): por um lado, a imagem antropológica do pensamento, isto é, a configuração da filosofia moderna como analítica da finitude, que ainda nos é atual, e que enquanto uma filosofia do Mesmo permanece sendo essencialmente uma filosofia da representação; e, por outro lado, a abertura da filosofia para uma nova imagem do pensamento ou um pensamento sem imagem, quer dizer, sem postulados... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The proposal for this thesis integrates to the doctor degree‟s search work in which it is investigated the anthropological paradigm in philosophy of education, it means, the critics to educational understanding as a fundamental anthropological project. The anthropological configuration of the thought, which converts philosophy into a man analysis, and the conception of an anthropological-humanistic structure in education impede the critic and creative thought exercise, as they paralyze, by focusing on a philosophy of representation and of the transcendental subject, the exercise of the thought facing the challenge of investigating the event theme into educational praxis. Thereby, if by one hand it is important to analyze the anthropological configuration of the thought and a critic to the predominant anthropological-humanist conception on the reflections about education, on the other hand, we intend to suggest that the other possibility is to think the exercise of the philosophical thought into education field as an experience and an event. In other words, we propose to perform, from Gilles Deleuze and Michel Foucault, a thinking exercise in which philosophy of education is thought regarding the displacement between two distinct and conflicting domains involving nature and the way of thinking or to exercise the philosophy (and, therefore, to think philosophically about education): on one hand, the anthropological image of the thought, or else, the configuration of the modern philosophy as finitude analysis, that is still updated for us, and as a Self philosophy is kept being essentially a philosophy of representation; and, on the other hand, the philosophy opening to a new image of the thought or a non-image thought, it means without postulates or presuppositions: a thought of the event. We propose... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
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Dmitriev, Kirill. "Das poetische Werk des Abu Sahr al-Hudali eine literaturanthropologische Studie /." Wiesbaden : Harrassowitz, 2008. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/320198633.html.
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Kourie, Mark. "The status of love in philosophy : an examination of the role of love (eros) in the work (or works) of selected French thinkers." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29508.
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This dissertation exposes the status of eros in the works of Levinas, Irigaray, and, Nancy. I begin by evaluating Levinas’s phenomenological analyses of eros in Time and the Other and Totality and Infinity. In order to fully appreciate this, however, I must necessarily also provide a summary overview of the central theme which guides Levinas’s work: ‘the Other.’ This leads Levinas to develop ethics as first philosophy, which in turn implies that the reduction of the Other to the same is the unethical gesture par excellence. Levinas formulates eros as the ‘equivocal par excellence’; a profane relation with the radical alterity of the feminine. Eros, for Levinas, inevitably lapses back to the economy of the same, and hence he looks to paternal fecundity to understand a relation with alterity untainted by erotic sensuality. Moreover, I identify the themes in Levinas’s work which guide this dissertation: the plurality of being, the tactility of erotic caressing, transcendence in eros, sexual difference, the affair between love and death, revisiting Plato’s Symposium, and, the erotic relationship with alterity. Having exposed these themes, and pre-empting a feminist critique of Levinas, I move on to the work of Luce Irigaray. After contextualising Irigaray’s feminist project, I expose and evaluate her critical reading of Levinas, particularly in her essay “The Fecundity of the Caress.” For Irigaray, Levinas mistakenly assumes a universal masculine subject, which in turn denies the feminine (and thus empirical women) a chance to be subjects. The fact that Levinas considers eros profane suggests, for Irigaray, that Levinas’s phenomenology of eros is haunted by a patriarchal bias evinced in the way he turns to paternity to salvage eros from a damnable carnality. Irigaray, in contrast, asserts eros as a relationship between the two real poles of sexual alterity. Eros thus holds potential as a just relation between the sexes. However, I find that Irigaray’s insistence on the biological markers of sexual difference becomes somewhat too idealistic. When compared with one another, Irigaray and Levinas arrive at an impasse which is solved by turning to the work of Jean-Luc Nancy. Nancy insists that love (including eros) cannot be thought as anything but an indefinite multiplicity. Nancy’s thought on love reflects his formulation of ‘being-singular-plural,’ an ontology which asserts ‘being-with’ is axiomatic in all philosophical investigations. In Shattered Love, Nancy deconstructs dialectics in order to show that love does not operate in a dialectical fashion. Both Levinas’s and Irigaray’s accounts of eros are exposed as dialectical. Nancy, in contrast, formulates love and sex/gender as the exposure of a subject to the relation with the other. Moreover, by examining Nancy’s thought on the body, eros can be derived as subtending all relations between sexed bodies. Thus Nancy figures eros as neither ideal nor profane, nor does he restrict eros to an ideal relation between the masculine and the feminine. However, Nancy’s opaque philosophy is not without fault. Although Nancy offers an interesting way in which to think eros, certain avenues of thought remain unexplored.Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Philosophy
unrestricted
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Klaus, Leila Rosibeli. "A ABORDAGEM FENOMENOLÓGICA DA ANTROPOLOGIA FILOSÓFICA: PESSOA E ESPÍRITO EM MAX SCHELER." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2014. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/9135.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorThe work s objective relies mainly on the reading of Scheler s Philosophical Anthropology, to bring up the theme about the problem of man from phenomenological approaches. We attempt to develop Scheler s philosophical perspective through the phenomenological method, which is established mainly by Husserl. The contributions on this philosopher concept of intuition were decisive to the elaboration of Schelerian ethics, but especially to the Philosophical Anthropology. Scheler s concern about the human phenomenon demands a renewed metaphysics. In search of the human being s unity, the Scheleriansmetaphysics together with the phenomenology, rewrite man s essentiality. From that, the man, as person in the world, owns a peculiar structure, namely, the spirit. In turn, this concept grants to Scheler s Philosophical Anthropology the metaphysical leap from the concrete sphere to the transcendental sphere. In order to sustain the thesis concerning the phenomenological method present in the metaphysics of Scheler s Philosophical Anthropology, we start from a historic-conceptual contextualization of Scheler s Philosophical Anthropology. Posteriorly, a more focused analysis will be made of Scheler s more metaphysical thesis, to place the issue of the philosopher s phenomenological affiliation. The main work here analyzed is The Position of Man in the Cosmos (1928). Adjuvant works such as The Ethics and Ideas I, by Husserl, proved importance to the research.
O objetivo da pesquisa se baseia, sobretudo, na leitura da Antropologia Filosófica de Scheler, para trazer à tona o tema acerca do problema do homem a partir de abordagens fenomenológicas. Procuramos desenvolver a perspectiva da filosofia de Scheler através do método fenomenológico, o qual é instituído, principalmente, por Husserl. As contribuições acerca do conceito de intuição deste filósofo foram decisivas para a elaboração da ética scheleriana, mas, em especial, para a Antropologia Filosófica. A preocupação de Scheler com relação ao fenômeno humano exige uma metafísica renovada. Em busca da unidade do ser humano a metafísica scheleriana, juntamente com a fenomenologia, reescrevem a essencialidade do homem. A partir disso, o homem, enquanto pessoa no mundo, possui uma estrutura peculiar, a saber, o espírito. Este conceito, por sua vez, concede à Antropologia Filosófica de Scheler o salto metafísico da esfera concreta para a esfera transcendental. A fim de sustentar a tese acerca do método fenomenológico presente na metafísica da Antropologia Filosófica de Scheler, partimos de uma contextualização histórico-conceitual da Antropologia Filosófica de Scheler. Posteriormente,faremos uma análise mais detida das teses mais metafísicasde Scheler, para, finalmente, colocar a questão da filiação fenomenológica do filósofo. A principal obra aquianalisada é A Posição do Homem no Cosmos(1928). Obras auxiliares como A Ética, bem como Ideias I de Husserl, também mostraram-se importantes para a pesquisa.
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Marsh, Christine Elizabeth. "Towards one world : a journey through the English essays of Rabindranath Tagore." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/11121.
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Tagore is viewed through the medium of five books of essays which he wrote in English. Most of the essays are the texts of lectures Tagore delivered to audiences in England and America. They are important because they constitute what Tagore actually communicated to audiences and readers in the West during his tours outside India. The five books are taken chronologically in the chapters of this thesis, each one being a stage on Tagore’s journey. They are read in conjunction with information about his activities in India prior to each particular tour, his encounters during the trip, and any relevant correspondence, in order better to understand the ideas he expresses. A key finding from close study of the essays is the extent to which Tagore draws on his understanding of the evolution and special capabilities of the human species. This philosophical anthropology, or ‘deep anthropology’, is used to describe what mankind ought to be, as well as what we are. Tagore was critical of what he considered the dehumanising economic systems of the West, which were supported by educational methods that focussed narrowly on training people to participate in such systems. The ideal behind the design of Tagore’s own practical projects was a modernised and less restrictive form of traditional society, comprising networks of self sustaining villages or small communities, where children and young people are encouraged to develop their natural curiosity and creativity, and to express themselves freely with body and mind. Tagore’s approach to education and rural reconstruction, if implemented widely as he intended, could lead to a radical redesign of society, a turning of the world upside down. The aim of my dissertation is to help encourage a wider appreciation of Tagore’s pioneering work in this field.
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Pereira, Ivo Studart. "A ética do sentido da vida na logoterapia de Viktor Frankl." www.teses.ufc.br, 2009. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/6523.
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PEREIRA, Ivo Studart. A ética do sentido da vida na logoterapia de Viktor Frankl. 2009. 125f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Filosofia, Fortaleza (CE), 2009.Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-11-07T12:44:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2009-DIS-ISPEREIRA.pdf: 1548190 bytes, checksum: 69896432d83a3e2db0b44dff5087201b (MD5)
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The present work aimed to research the theoretical interfaces between ethics and psychology in the opus of Viktor Frankl, Austrian psychiatrist and founder of Logotherapy. Through the systematization of three concepts (“meaning”, “will to meaning” and “moral conscience”), our analytical path led us to the description of a “meaning-of-life ethics” as an “ethic of responsibility” that reconciles morals and ontology. The first category is interpreted as a key concept in order to enlighten Frankl’s world view. In the next chapter, divided in two parts, the anthropological theory of Logotherapy is studied in detail. The third concept brings forth the problem of meaning legitimacy as a moral imperative. At this point we face Frankl’s radical ontological questioning on the phenomenon of responsibility. The last chapter attempts to harmonize the three categories mentioned into an ethical theory.
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo investigar as interfaces ético-psicológicas existentes no pensamento de Viktor Emil Frankl, psiquiatra austríaco, criador da assim chamada 3ª Escola Vienense de Psicoterapia: a logoterapia, também conhecida como “a psicologia do sentido da vida”. Através de uma sistematização particular de três conceitos básicos, a saber: o de “sentido”, o de “vontade de sentido” e o de “consciência moral”, articulou-se um eixo de análise que explicitou a presença de uma “ética do sentido da vida” enquanto “ética da responsabilidade”, evidenciando-se, aí, uma reconciliação entre ética e ontologia, através do que chamamos aqui de “ontologização da moral”. Inicialmente, identificamos a questão do “sentido” como conceito-chave para a compreensão da visão de mundo que integra o pensamento de Frankl. O capítulo seguinte é reservado a um esforço de explicitação e análise da teoria antropológica da logoterapia, dividindo-se em duas partes: “O Homem” e “A Vontade de Sentido”. A terceira categoria investigada diz respeito ao problema da legitimação do caráter imperativo do sentido, ponto em que nos depararemos com o questionamento ontológico radical do fenômeno da responsabilidade humana, entendida em sua relação com a transcendência. Cabe mencionar que, no percurso investigativo, perpassamos vários temas caros à tradição filosófica, como o problema mente-corpo, o dilema das leituras psicológicas sobre a moralidade, a busca de um fundamento para a ética no contexto da derrocada das tradições e o conceito de Pessoa.
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Isaac, Walter. "Beyond Ontological Jewishness: A Philosophical Reflection on the Study of African American Jews and the Social Problems of the Jewish and Human Sciences." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2011. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/197310.
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ReligionPh.D.
The present dissertation is a case study in applied phenomenology, specifically the postcolonial phenomenology of racism theorized by Lewis Gordon and applied to scholarly studies conducted on African American Jews and their kinfolk. My thesis is the following: Presumptively ontological human natures cannot function axiomatically for humanistic research on African American Jews. A humanistic science of Africana Jews must foreground the lived social worlds that permit such Jews to appear as ordinary expressions of humanity. The basic premise here is that subaltern (or denied) humanity exists in a neocolonial social world by virtue of an ordinariness that supervenes on humanity. For example, the more historians consider Africana Jews as ordinary, the more Africana Jews' humanity will appear. And the more human Africana Jews appear, the more inhuman their extraordinary appearance appears. This symbiosis constitutes a basic existential condition. When research on Africana Jews ignores this condition, it succumbs to ontological Jewishnness and other concepts rooted in what postcolonial theorist Frantz Fanon calls the "colonial natural attitude."
Temple University--Theses