Academic literature on the topic 'PHerc. 1004'

The Heraclitean tradition in the Herculaneum papyri is a topic which involves some of the most important research fields of ancient philosophy: ethics, physics and cosmology, theology and aesthetics (particularly rhetoric). This paper concentrates on Heraclitus’ fr. 18 Marcovich (= DK 22 B 81), where the pre-Socratic philosopher talks about an unspecified κοπίδων ἀρχηγόϲ. The fragment occurs in the seventh book of Philodemus’ Rhetoric (PHerc. 1004) and is the only direct quotation of Heraclitus in this multi-volume treatise. This article presents a new textual reconstruction of the two columns of the papyrus in which the same passage is quoted and attempts: 1. to contextualize the quotation inside the Philodemean paraphrase of a treatise by the Stoic Diogenes of Babylon against the rhetoricians of his time; 2. to reconsider the grammatical and philosophical problem of the subject of the Heraclitean quotation. Almost all scholars have considered Pythagoras to be the target of Heraclitus. But certain elements allow us to go beyond this old opinion and to understand this fragment as something of more than a personal dispute. Rhetoric, according to its supporters, was an ‘art’ since Homer’s times and gained its professional autonomy with Corax and Tisias. There is no reason to believe that, in quoting Heraclitus, Diogenes has totally changed the subject of the fragment he cites. That subject could originally have been very similar to that attested in the Philodemean paraphrase, that is the education of the rhetoricians (ἡ τῶν ῥητόρων εἰϲαγωγή).1

Only a few Herculaneum rolls exhibit writing on their reverse side. Since unrolled papyri are permanently glued to paperboard, so far, this fact was known to us only from 18th-century drawings. The application of shortwave-infrared (SWIR; 1000-2500 nm) hyperspectral imaging (HSI) to one of them (PHerc. 1691/1021) has revealed portions of Greek text hidden on the back more than 220 years after their first discovery, making it possible to recover this primary source for the ongoing new edition of this precious book. SWIR HSI has produced better contrast and legibility even on the extensive text preserved on the front compared to former imaging of Herculaneum papyri at 950 nm (improperly called multispectral imaging), with a substantial impact on the text reconstruction. These promising results confirm the importance of advanced techniques applied to ancient carbonized papyri and open the way to a better investigation of hundreds of other such papyri.

11551 Background: To assess prognostic value of routine biomarkers in older patients with cancer. Methods: A pooled analysis of three prospective multicentre cohorts, ELCAPA, PHRC Aquitaine and ONCODAGE was conducted. Patients aged 70 years or older, with cancer were included. Biomarkers collected were plasmatic C-reactive protein, albumin and a combined score: Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS). The GPS comprised three categories (0: CRP≤10 mg/L, albumin≥35 g/L; 1: CRP≤10 mg/L and albumin < 35 g/L, or CRP > 10 mg/L and albumin≥35 g/L; 2: CRP > 10 mg/L and albumin < 35 g/L).The primary endpoint was overall survival at 12 months. Multivariable Cox models were used, adjusting for age, sex, localisation, metastatic status, performance status, frailty screening index, the G8. Discriminative properties were assessed using Harrell C index and NRI (Net Reclassification Improvement). Results: Overall 1800 patients were analyzed (ELCAPA: N = 543, PHRC Aquitaine: N = 253, ONCODAGE: N = 1004; mean age: 78.5±5.5 years; 61.7% of men; 37% metastatic; most frequent localisations: breast (34.9%) and colon-rectum (17.7%); 70.7% of patients screened at risk of frailty with G8). Overall survival was 71.1%. GPS was independently associated with death (among normal G8: GPS 1: Hazard Ratio (HR) = 4.48; 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) = [2.03; 9.89], GPS 2: 11.64 [4.54; 29.81], among abnormal G8: GPS 1: 2.45 [1.79; 3.34], GPS 2: 3.97 [2.93; 5.37]. The addition of GPS to the clinical model (Harell C: 0.82 [0.80; 0.83]) improved discrimination (Harell C: 0.84 [0.82; 0.85], NRI: 11% [5; 19]). Conclusions: GPS could be used in older patients with cancer to help decision-making and prognosis assessment.

Coronavirus is an ongoing global viral disease firstly identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019, hence its name Covid-19. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared Covid-19 as a pandemic with Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). People get infected when they inhale small airborne particles or droplets exhaled by a Covid-19 infected person. Some of the recommended preventive measures include social or physical distancing, covering the mouth when sneezing or coughing, wearing of face masks and regular hand wash. A multi-stage sampling method was used to select the study locations, hospitals, healthcare departments and survey groups. A quantitative method - using structured questionnaires was used. Statistical analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 26. Out of the 1004 participants that were surveyed, 864 responses were retrieved. The bulk of the respondents (59%) were male. Knowledge of Covid–19 was poor, 24.3%, while acceptance of Covid-19 vaccination was high (74.2%). Important predictors of Covid-19 vaccination are the number of years in service, marital status, designated work, and type of medical facility. Knowledge of Covid-19 is low, but acceptance of its vaccination was high among the study population. This could be due to fear of contacting the disease early plus the associated high mortality among the study population. There is a need for an enlightenment campaign to increase knowledge and further improve acceptance of the Covid-19 vaccination.

First cases of COVID-19 were reported from Wuhan, China, in December 2019, and it progressed rapidly. On 30 January, WHO declared the new disease as a PHEIC, then as a Pandemic on 11 March. By mid-March, the virus spread widely; Djibouti was not spared and was hit by the pandemic with the first case detected on 17 March. Djibouti worked with WHO and other partners to develop a preparedness and response plan, and implemented a series of intervention measures. MoH together with its civilian and military partners, closely followed WHO recommended strategy based on four pillars: testing, isolating, early case management, and contact tracing. From 17 March to 16 May, Djibouti performed the highest per capita tests in Africa and isolated, treated and traced the contacts of each positive case, which allowed for a rapid control of the epidemic. COVID-19 data included in this study was collected through MoH Djibouti during the period from 17 March to 16 May 2020. A total of 1,401 confirmed cases of COVID-19 were included in the study with 4 related deaths (CFR: 0.3%) and an attack rate of 0.15%. Males represented (68.4%) of the cases, with the age group 31–45 years old (34.2%) as the most affected. Djibouti conducted 17,532 tests, and was considered as a champion for COVID-19 testing in Africa with 18.2 tests per 1000 habitant. All positive cases were isolated, treated and had their contacts traced, which led to early and proactive diagnosis of cases and in turn yielded up to 95–98% asymptomatic cases. Recoveries reached 69% of the infected cases with R0 (0.91). The virus was detected in 4 regions in the country, with the highest percentage in the capital (83%). Djibouti responded to COVID-19 pandemic following an efficient and effective strategy, using a strong collaboration between civilian and military health assets that increased the response capacities of the country. Partnership, coordination, solidarity, proactivity and commitment were the pillars to confront COVID-19 pandemic.

Abstract INTRODUCTION Women with a history of venous thromboembolism (VTE) have a 2% to 10% absolute risk of developing pregnancy-associated recurrent VTE. Based on these figures, current guidelines recommend postpartum thromboprophylaxis in all pregnant women with a history of VTE. Women with a moderate or high risk of recurrent VTE (i.e. women with a history of VTE that is either unprovoked or associated with a hormonal or minor risk factor), should also receive thromboprophylaxis antepartum. The optimal dose of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) for thromboprophylaxis in pregnant women at moderate or high risk of recurrent VTE is currently unknown, as only two very small prospective trials, both with methodological limitations, have evaluated pharmacological prevention of recurrent VTE in this population. Therefore, the major international guidelines suggest the use of either a prophylactic or intermediate (half-therapeutic) dose of LMWH in this setting, without a preference of one dose over the other. The Highlow study is an investigator-initiated, multicenter, international, open-label, randomized controlled trial (RCT) that compares the efficacy and safety of a fixed dose of LMWH versus an intermediate dose of LMWH for the prevention of pregnancy-associated recurrent VTE (NCT 01828697; www.highlowstudy.org). The rationale and design features of the Highlow study were recently published [Bleker SM, Thromb Res, 2016]. Here, we present an interim report. METHODS In April 2013, we enrolled the first patient in the Highlow study. For the current report, we analyzed the enrolment rates and baseline characteristics of patients in the Highlow study between 1 April 2013 and 28 June 2016. Twelve centers recorded eligible women that did not give informed consent. Using the enrolment data from these centers, we analyzed the percentage of women giving informed consent, and reasons for not giving consent. All characteristics were summarized using descriptive statistics. RESULTS A total of 222 pregnant patients with a history of VTE that fitted the in- and exclusion criteria of the Highlow study were enrolled in 43 centers in 5 countries (Figure 1). The inclusion rate has been growing exponentially over time (Figure 2). In 12 centers that recorded eligible women not giving consent, 101 of 149 identified patients gave informed consent (68%). Patients who declined participation either did not give a specific reason (N=22; 46%), preferred a low dose of LMWH (N=20; 42%), preferred an intermediate dose (N=2; 4%), preferred a therapeutic dose (N=2; 4%), refused antepartum prophylaxis (N=1; 2%) or had been advised by another physician not to participate (N=1; 2%). On 28 June 2016, baseline data in the CRF had been completed for 181 patients. Six patients participated twice. The mean age was 33 years ± 5.1, with a mean body mass index of 26.7 ± 5.9. The majority had a history of lower limb deep vein thrombosis (N=102; 56%) or pulmonary embolism (N=72, 40%). Of all previous VTE, the majority was hormone-related (N=97; 54%) or related to pregnancy (N=58; 32%). In total, 34 (19%) of prior VTE were unprovoked, and in only 19 cases (11%) a minor risk factor had been present. Thrombophilia screening had been performed previously in 101 patients (56%) and more than half of them (59 patients, 58%) had positive tests, especially for heterozygous factor V Leiden (N=39; 64%) and the heterozygous prothrombin 20210A mutation (N=13; 22%). CONCLUSIONS This report represents the largest number of pregnant women with a history of VTE participating in a RCT to date, and the future results are very likely to impact current clinical practice and consensus guidelines. Reassuringly, our enrolment rate shows that recruitment of pregnant women with a history of VTE is feasible. With the current enrolment rate we expect to include the last patient, reaching the event-driven sample size of approximately a 1000 patients, by the end of 2019. Hence, the outcome results can be expected in 2020. SPONSORSHIP AND FINANCIAL SUPPORT An unrestricted grant is provided by Aspen Pharma to the Academic Medical Center in Amsterdam (the Netherlands), who is the sponsor of the Highlow study. In France, where CHU de Saint Etienne is the sponsor, a grant was acquired from the French Ministry of Health (PHRC national 2014). Figure 1 NUMBER OF ENROLLED PATIENTS FROM APRIL 2013 TO JUNE 2016 Figure 1. NUMBER OF ENROLLED PATIENTS FROM APRIL 2013 TO JUNE 2016 Figure 2 NUMBER OF INCLUSIONS PER QUARTILE Figure 2. NUMBER OF INCLUSIONS PER QUARTILE Disclosures Buchmüller: French Ministry of Health: Research Funding. Chauleur:Sanofi: Honoraria; French Ministry of Health: Research Funding. Ní Áinle:Actelion UK: Research Funding. Verhamme:Boehringer Ingelheim: Honoraria, Research Funding; Bayer-Healthcare: Honoraria, Research Funding; Pfizer: Honoraria; Sanofi-Aventis: Honoraria, Research Funding; LeoPharma: Research Funding; Daiichi-Sankyo: Honoraria. Décousus:French Ministry of Health: Research Funding.

2011/2012
La tesi pubblica i risultati del censimento dei segni critici presenti nel papiro ercolanese 1004, contenente il settimo libro della Retorica di Filodemo di Gadara. L’introduzione è dedicata a una riflessione sull’importanza filologica e documentaria dei segni attestati nei papiri greco-egizi ed ercolanesi, a cui ha fatto da contraltare, per lungo tempo, la scarsa attenzione degli studiosi, il cui interesse primario era lo studio critico del testo tramandato. Il capitolo I offre una presentazione a tutto tondo del PHerc. 1004: del papiro viene offerta una descrizione tecnica (dimensioni del rotolo, tipologia libraria, paleografia) e contenutistica (struttura del libro e organizzazione del contenuto), a cui si accompagna una rassegna dei principali studi di cui il rotolo è stato oggetto negli oltre duecento anni trascorsi dalla data del suo svolgimento a oggi. Il capitolo II riassume i risultati del censimento dei segni in due serie di tabelle: la prima, denominata ‘tabella per colonna’, presenta i dati organizzati in ordine topografico progressivo, a partire dai frammenti fino all’ultima colonna del rotolo; la seconda serie di tabelle, invece, ordina i risultati ‘per segno’, in modo da offrire uno strumento di consultazione più rapido a chi sia interessato a una ricognizione dei segni presenti nel papiro in base alla loro tipologia. Il capitolo III espone in maniera discorsiva i risultati della ricerca: per ogni tipologia di segno riscontrata (paragraphos, spatium, paragraphos associata a spatium, diplé obelismene, stigmai, segni di correzione) vengono offerti una rapida descrizione e, successivamente, una casistica delle occorrenze più significative. Il testo delle colonne prese in esame per illustrare il valore dei segni è stato sempre controllato autopticamente, con l’ausilio delle immagini multispettrali; nel caso in cui l’autopsia abbia dato risultati diversi rispetto alle edizioni di riferimento, se ne è dato conto nell’apparato critico che accompagna alcune colonne. Le conclusioni, infine, riassumono in un’ottica complessiva i dati emersi dal censimento. La maggior parte dei segni è stata rilevata per la prima volta nel corso di questa ricerca: il miglioramento è stato possibile anche grazie all’impiego delle immagini multispettrali, che hanno permesso di evidenziare con maggiore chiarezza tracce di scrittura prima invisibili a causa della carbonizzazione subita dal rotolo e dello sbiadimento subito dall’inchiostro. I risultati emersi dallo studio consentono di identificare il PHerc. 1004 come un prodotto librario di buona qualità, destinato alla consultazione da parte di Filodemo stesso e dei suoi seguaci riuniti nel circolo epicureo di Ercolano.
XXV Ciclo
1985

In the last days of December 2019, in a seafood market in Wuhan, China, an outbreak of pneumonia of unknown origin was identified and later reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) regional office through the International Health Regulations for its dissemination to WHO member countries. The WHO declared the outbreak of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on January 30th, and on March 11th, 2020, the WHO Director-General declared it a pandemic. Today, it has been spread to more than 200 countries. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic could be considered the health event with the greatest impact worldwide in the last 100 years. As of March 11th, 2021, one year later, more than 17 million cases and 2,615,018 deaths have been registered. The clinical picture caused by SARS-CoV-2 ranges from mild to severe forms. Some require hospitalization and, in some cases, even treatment in Intensive Care Units is needed&nbsp;due to multiorgan disease. Medium and long-term sequelae are still under investigation. The pandemic has affected health services in Mexico and all over the world, not only due to the hospital reconversion for the care of patients with COVID-19 in the face of the emergency, but also because the care of patients with other conditions has been delayed with a negative impact on the physical and mental health of populations. Likewise, it has deranged several social activities such as travel, commerce, and education.<br>