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Academic literature on the topic 'Phénotype sécrétoire'
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Journal articles on the topic "Phénotype sécrétoire"
Veret, Damien, and Jean-Marc Brondello. "Sénothérapies." médecine/sciences 36, no. 12 (December 2020): 1135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2020220.
Full textPlouin, Pierre-François, Laurence Amar, and Anne-Paule Gimenezroqueplo. "Statut tensionnel, phénotype sécrétoire et potentiel métastatique chez les patients porteurs de phéochromocytome ou de paragangliome : données génétiques et physio-pathologiques récentes." Bulletin de l'Académie Nationale de Médecine 199, no. 2-3 (February 2015): 313–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0001-4079(19)30975-6.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Phénotype sécrétoire"
Vannier, Daphné. "Découverte d'une sénescence associée à un phénotype sécrétoire déclenchée par les défauts mécaniques de la cellule endothéliale lors de la perte de CCM2 dans un modèle de cavernome cérébral." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. https://thares.univ-grenoble-alpes.fr/2020GRALV012.pdf.
Full textCCM (Cerebral Cavernous Malformations) lesions are formed by stacks of tortuous, dilated and hemorrhagic capillaries located in the brain. These brain capillaries are devoid of mural cells and are formed of a monolayer of weakly joined endothelial cells (EC). The loss of function mutation in one of the 3 ccm genes (ccm1, ccm2 and ccm3) is sufficient to induce the formation of CCM lesions in humans.In the different ccm mutant models, the ECs present defective tensional homeostasis characterized by a lack of coordination between the cell-matrix and cell-cell forces. This results in the formation of contractile actomyosin fibers anchored on numerous focal adhesions containing B1 integrin and in the loss of VE-cadherin-dependent intercellular junctions. The association of CCM1-3 proteins forms a molecular scaffold that controls downstream of RhoA the activity of ROCK1 and ROCK2 on the organization of the acto-myosin cytoskeleton. The CCM complex recruits ROCK2 at the VE-cadherin dependent junctions to promote a network of cortical actin stabilizing these intercellular junctions while at the same time, it inhibits the activity of ROCK1 to reduce the formation of ventral stress fibers and thus limit the adhesion of the EC to the extracellular matrix. It is known that the microenvironment in the lesion is reshaped in particular by immune cells that infiltrate it to trigger a chronic inflammatory response and promote the expansion of the lesion. It is also known that mutant ECs secrete metalloproteases and cytokines, that they overproduce ROS and that they undergo an endothelio-mesenchymal transition (endoMT). Finally, CCM lesions are mosaics of mutant and wild-type ECs recruited into the lesion over time. However, whether a link exists between all these phenomena conducive to the progression of the CCM lesion is not known and remains to be elucidated.My work during this PhD allowed me to propose a model that unifies all these cellular behaviors. Indeed, I have highlighted a premature aging of endothelial cells depleted in CCM2. I have shown that this senescence is associated with a secretory behavior SASP (Senescence Associated with a Secretory Phenotype) which gives the EC the ability to actively reshape its environment, in particular by degrading it locally, to invade it and attract by chemo-attraction wild EC and immune cells. The second major contribution of my work has been to show that this SASP is due to the dysregulation of the mechanics of the EC. Indeed, I have shown that the increase in intracellular contractility, associated with the loss of balance between the activities of ROCK1 and ROCK2, is responsible for this SASP. Inhibiting myosin II or depleting ROCK1 or ROCK2 restores the expression of half of the genes dysregulated by the loss of CCM2, blocks the appearance of senescence markers as well as the invasive and chemo-attractive capacities of CCM2-depleted ECs. These results open the way to the identification of new therapeutic targets responsible for the appearance and expansion of CCM lesions
Halkoum, Rym. "Rôle du glyoxal dans la sénescence cellulaire : implications dans le vieillissement de la peau." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2021SORUS016.pdf.
Full textSenescence is a well-characterized cellular state associated with specific markers such as permanent cell proliferation arrest, and the secretion of messenger molecules by cells expressing the Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP). The SASP can display autocrine and paracrine effects which contribute to the senescent phenotype reinforcement and propagation. The SASP composition depends on many factors such as the cell type or the nature of the stress that induces senescence. Since the skin constitutes a barrier with the external environment, it is particularly subjected to different types of stresses, and consequently prone to premature cellular aging. Glyoxal, a dicarbonyl compound produced during glucose metabolism and lipid peroxidation, is a precursor of Advanced Glycation End-products (AGEs), whose presence marks normal and pathological aging. My thesis work showed that glyoxal treatment provokes oxidative stress by increasing reactive oxygen species and AGEs levels and induce senescence in human keratinocytes. Furthermore, glyoxal-induced senescence bears a unique molecular progression profile: an “early-stage” when AKT-FOXO3a-p27KIP1 pathway mediates cell-cycle arrest, and a “late-stage” senescence maintained by the p16INK4/pRb pathway. Moreover, we characterized the resulting secretory phenotype during early senescence by mass spectrometry in order to find new targets for senomorphic ingredients. Our study provides evidence that glyoxal can affect keratinocyte functions and act as a driver of human skin aging
Moursli, Asmae. "Implication de NF-κB et BMI1 dans la production de cytokines pro-inflammatoires dans un modèle de neurodégénérescence." Thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/25646.
Full textNeurodegenerative diseases are a group of neuropathologies characterized by the progressive dysfunction of neurons and their death in the central nervous system. Among these diseases, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common one. Although no aetiology has yet been identified, aging is therefore the main risk factor for AD. Thanks to several research work on aging, cellular characteristics and biochemical changes, such as senescence and inflammaging, have been associated with this phenomenon. Senescence, which is defined as a state of cell cycle arrest, could worsen neurodegenerative diseases throughout senescence associated secretory phenotypes. The involvement of the proto-oncogene BMI1 in cell cycle regulation and senescence has been demonstrated through its inhibition of the INK4/ARF locus. Additionally, BMI1 deficiency has been reported in neurons of AD patients, and it is also associated with early neurodegeneration. The NF-κB complex participates in the expression of a wide range of pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the processes of inflammaging and cellular senescence. However, little is known about the joint involvement of BMI1 and NF-κB molecules in neurodegeneration processes. Given this context, within the framework of this master's project, we wanted to explore the combined implication of BMI1 and the canonical pathway of the NF-κB factor in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines using in vivo and in vitro models reproducing a neurodegenerative phenotype similar to Alzheimer's disease. Our results indicate that a deficiency in BMI1 is correlated to an inactivation of the NF-κB expression both in vitro and in vivo neurones, as well as with a decrease in the expression of cytokines IL6 and IL8. Although we present results generated from unduplicated experiments, they nonetheless converge towards similar conclusions obtained in studies carried out on cancerous pathologies. Thus, our project provides additional information that could help to understand the mechanisms underlying the inflammaging phenomena in neurodegeneration.