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Journal articles on the topic 'Phase-Locked lasers'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 21 September 2024

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1

Zhao, Yang, Shaokai Wang, Wei Zhuang, and Tianchu Li. "Raman-Laser System for Absolute Gravimeter Based On 87Rb Atom Interferometer." Photonics 7, no. 2 (May 15, 2020): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics7020032.

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The paper describes a Raman-laser system with high performance for an absolute gravimeter that was based on 87Rb atom interferometer. As our gravimeter is a part of the standard acceleration of gravity of China, the Raman lasers’ characteristics should be considered. This laser system includes two diode lasers. The master laser is frequency locked through the frequency-modulation (FM) spectroscopy technology. Its maximum frequency drift is better than 50 kHz in 11 h, which is measured by home-made optical frequency comb. The slave laser is phase locked to the master laser with a frequency difference of 6.8346 GHz while using an optical phase lock loop (OPLL). The phase noise is lower than −105 dBc/Hz at the Fourier frequency from 200 Hz to 42 kHz. It is limited by the measurement sensitivity of the signal source analyzer in low Fourier frequency. Furthermore, the power fluctuation of Raman lasers’ pulses is also suppressed by a fast power servo system. While using this servo system, Raman lasers’ pulses could be fast re-locked while its fast turning on again in the pulse sequence. The peak value fluctuation of the laser power pulses is decreased from 25% to 0.7%, which is improved over 35 times. This Raman-laser system can stably operate over 500 h, which is suited for long-term highly precise and accurate gravity measurements.

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2

Fortier, T. M., D. J. Jones, Jun Ye, and S. T. Cundiff. "Highly phase stable mode-locked lasers." IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 9, no. 4 (July 2003): 1002–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jstqe.2003.819110.

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3

Cundiff, Steven T., and Jun Ye. "Phase stabilization of mode-locked lasers." Journal of Modern Optics 52, no. 2-3 (January 20, 2005): 201–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09500340412331303252.

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4

Xu, Yunfei, Weijiang Li, Yu Ma, Quanyong Lu, Jinchuan Zhang, Shenqiang Zhai, Ning Zhuo, et al. "Phase-locked single-mode terahertz quantum cascade lasers array." Journal of Semiconductors 45, no. 6 (June 1, 2024): 062401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-4926/23120010.

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Abstract We demonstrated a scheme of phase-locked terahertz quantum cascade lasers (THz QCLs) array, with a single-mode pulse power of 108 mW at 13 K. The device utilizes a Talbot cavity to achieve phase locking among five ridge lasers with first-order buried distributed feedback (DFB) grating, resulting in nearly five times amplification of the single-mode power. Due to the optimum length of Talbot cavity depends on wavelength, the combination of Talbot cavity with the DFB grating leads to better power amplification than the combination with multimode Fabry−Perot (F−P) cavities. The Talbot cavity facet reflects light back to the ridge array direction and achieves self-imaging in the array, enabling phase-locked operation of ridges. We set the spacing between adjacent elements to be 220 μm, much larger than the free-space wavelength, ensuring the operation of the fundamental supermode throughout the laser's dynamic range and obtaining a high-brightness far-field distribution. This scheme provides a new approach for enhancing the single-mode power of THz QCLs.

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5

Afkhamiardakani, Hanieh, and Jean-Claude Diels. "Mode-Locked Fiber Laser Sensors with Orthogonally Polarized Pulses Circulating in the Cavity." Sensors 23, no. 5 (February 24, 2023): 2531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23052531.

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Intracavity phase interferometry is a powerful phase sensing technique using two correlated, counter-propagating frequency combs (pulse trains) in mode-locked lasers. Generating dual frequency combs of the same repetition rate in fiber lasers is a new field with hitherto unanticipated challenges. The large intensity in the fiber core, coupled with the nonlinear index of glass, result in a cumulative nonlinear index on axis that dwarfs the signal to be measured. The large saturable gain changes in an unpredictable way the repetition rate of the laser impeding the creation of frequency combs with identical repetition rate. The huge amount of phase coupling between pulses crossing at the saturable absorber eliminates the small signal response (deadband). Although there have been prior observation of gyroscopic response in mode-locked ring lasers, to our knowledge this is the first time that orthogonally polarized pulses were used to successfully eliminate the deadband and obtain a beat note.

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6

Botez, Dan, and Donald E. Ackley. "Phase-locked arrays of semiconductor diode lasers." IEEE Circuits and Devices Magazine 2, no. 1 (January 1986): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcd.1986.6311765.

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7

Goldobin, I. S., N. N. Evtikhiev, Andrei G. Plyavenek, and S. D. Yakubovich. "Phase-locked integrated arrays of injection lasers." Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics 19, no. 10 (October 31, 1989): 1261–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/qe1989v019n10abeh009137.

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8

Drummond, P. D., J. D. Harvey, J. M. Dudley, D. B. Hirst, and S. J. Carter. "Phase Waves in Mode-Locked Superfluorescent Lasers." Physical Review Letters 78, no. 5 (February 3, 1997): 836–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.78.836.

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9

Salzman, J., and A. Yariv. "Phase‐locked arrays of unstable resonator semiconductor lasers." Applied Physics Letters 49, no. 8 (August 25, 1986): 440–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.97108.

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10

Khalatpour, Ali, John L. Reno, and Qing Hu. "Phase-locked photonic wire lasers by π coupling." Nature Photonics 13, no. 1 (December 10, 2018): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41566-018-0307-0.

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11

Yang, J. J., and M. Jansen. "Single-lobed emission from phase-locked array lasers." Electronics Letters 22, no. 1 (January 2, 1986): 2–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19860002.

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12

Srinivasan, Sudharsanan, Michael Davenport, Martijn J. R. Heck, John Hutchinson, Erik Norberg, Gregory Fish, and John Bowers. "Low phase noise hybrid silicon mode-locked lasers." Frontiers of Optoelectronics 7, no. 3 (September 2014): 265–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12200-014-0420-8.

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13

Heydari, Hoshang, and Gunnar Björk. "Mutual first-order coherence of phase-locked lasers." Journal of Optics B: Quantum and Semiclassical Optics 6, no. 1 (October 20, 2003): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1464-4266/6/1/008.

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14

Qiao, Xingdu, Bikashkali Midya, Zihe Gao, Zhifeng Zhang, Haoqi Zhao, Tianwei Wu, Jieun Yim, Ritesh Agarwal, Natalia M. Litchinitser, and Liang Feng. "Higher-dimensional supersymmetric microlaser arrays." Science 372, no. 6540 (April 22, 2021): 403–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abg3904.

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The nonlinear scaling of complexity with the increased number of components in integrated photonics is a major obstacle impeding large-scale, phase-locked laser arrays. Here, we develop a higher-dimensional supersymmetry formalism for precise mode control and nonlinear power scaling. Our supersymmetric microlaser arrays feature phase-locked coherence and synchronization of all of the evanescently coupled microring lasers—collectively oscillating in the fundamental transverse supermode—which enables high-radiance, small-divergence, and single-frequency laser emission with a two-orders-of-magnitude enhancement in energy density. We also demonstrate the feasibility of structuring high-radiance vortex laser beams, which enhance the laser performance by taking full advantage of spatial degrees of freedom of light. Our approach provides a route for designing large-scale integrated photonic systems in both classical and quantum regimes.

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15

Xu, Nannan, Xinxin Shang, Shuo Sun, Fuhao Yang, Weiyu Fan, Huanian Zhang, and Dengwang Li. "Low-Threshold, Multiple High-Order Harmonics Fiber Laser Employing Cr2Si2Te6 Saturable Absorber." Nanomaterials 13, no. 6 (March 14, 2023): 1038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13061038.

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Abundant research findings have proved the value of two-dimensional (2D) materials in the study of nonlinear optics in fiber lasers. However, there remains two problems: how to reduce the start-up threshold, and how to improve the damage threshold, of fiber lasers based on 2D materials. A 15.1 mW low-threshold mode-locked fiber laser, based on a Cr2Si2Te6 saturable absorber (SA) prepared by the liquid-phase exfoliation method, is demonstrated successfully in this work. This provides a useful and economical method to produce SAs with low insertion loss and low saturation intensity. Besides, multiple high-order harmonics, from the fundamental frequency (12.6 MHz) to the 49th-order harmonic (617.6 MHz), mode-locked operations are recorded. The experimental results indicate the excellent potential of Cr2Si2Te6 as an optical modulator in exploring the soliton dynamics, harmonic mode locking, and other nonlinear effects in fiber lasers.

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16

MAHAL, VERED, and ADY ARIE. "DISTANCE MEASUREMENTS USING FREQUENCY STABILIZED Nd:YAG LASERS." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 05, no. 03 (July 1996): 543–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863596000362.

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Two diode-pumped tunable Nd:YAG lasers locked to sub-Doppler transitions of 127I2 and 133 Cs 2 are used as a source for two-wavelength interferometry. The synthetic wavelength, Λ=c/∆ν, is highly stable and accurate, owing to the frequency stability of the locked lasers and the precise determination of the frequency difference Δν between Cs 2 and I 2 transitions. The dense spectra of these molecules allows selection of Λ over a wide range, between 8.5 mm and several meters, thus enabling distance measurements with a large non-ambiguity range. Fringe contrast and phase-shifting methods are used to measure the phase difference. An accuracy of 70 μm is achieved for Λ~19 mm, i.e. Λ/260.

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17

Tian, Haochen, Youjian Song, and Minglie Hu. "Noise Measurement and Reduction in Mode-Locked Lasers: Fundamentals for Low-Noise Optical Frequency Combs." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16 (August 20, 2021): 7650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11167650.

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After five decades of development, mode-locked lasers have become significant building blocks for many optical systems in scientific research, industry, and biomedicine. Advances in noise measurement and reduction are motivated for both shedding new light on the fundamentals of realizing ultra-low-noise optical frequency combs and their extension to potential applications for standards, metrology, clock comparison, and so on. In this review, the theoretical models of noise in mode-locked lasers are first described. Then, the recent techniques for timing jitter, carrier-envelope phase noise, and comb-line noise measurement and their stabilization are summarized. Finally, the potential of the discussed technology to be fulfilled in novel optical frequency combs, such as electro-optic (EO) modulated combs, microcombs, and quantum cascade laser (QCL) combs, is envisioned.

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18

Roberts, Lyle E., Robert L. Ward, Craig Smith, and Daniel A. Shaddock. "Coherent Beam Combining Using an Internally Sensed Optical Phased Array of Frequency-Offset Phase Locked Lasers." Photonics 7, no. 4 (November 28, 2020): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics7040118.

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Coherent beam combining can be used to scale optical power and enable mechanism-free beam steering using an optical phased array. Coherently combining multiple free-running lasers in a leader-follower laser configuration is challenging due to the need to measure and stabilize large and highly dynamic phase differences between them. We present a scalable technique based on frequency-offset phase locking and digitally enhanced interferometry to clone the coherence of multiple lasers without the use of external sampling optics, which has the potential to support both coherent and spectral beam combining, and alleviates issues of voltage wrapping associated with actuating feedback control using electro-optic modulators. This technique was demonstrated experimentally using a tiled-aperture optical phased array in which the relative output phase of three free-running lasers was stabilized with an RMS output phase stability of λ/104.

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19

Jiao, Hongchen, Lishuang Feng, Qingjun Zhang, Jie Liu, Tao Wang, Ning Liu, Chunqi Zhang, Xindong Cui, and Xiaoning Ji. "Realization of Hollow-Core Photonic-Crystal Fiber Optic Gyro Based on Low-Noise Multi-Frequency Lasers with Intermediate-Frequency Difference." Sensors 20, no. 10 (May 16, 2020): 2835. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20102835.

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Mainly focusing on the demand for a novel resonator optic gyro based on a hollow-core photonic-crystal fiber (HC-RFOG), we achieve a multi-frequency lasers generation with low relative phase noise via an acousto-optic modulation of light from a single laser diode. We design a homologous heterodyne digital optical phase-locked loop (HHD-OPLL), based on which we realize the low-noise multi-frequency lasers (LNMFLs) with an intermediate frequency difference. The noise between the lasers with a 20 MHz difference is 0.036 Hz, within the bandwidth of 10 Hz, in a tuning range of 120 kHz, approximately 40 dB lower than that produced without the HHD-OPLL. Finally, based on the LNMFLs, an HC-RFOG is realized and a bias stability of 5.8 °/h is successfully demonstrated.

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20

Flood, C. J., G. Giuliani, and H. M. van Driel. "Pulsed electro-optic modulation for efficient, active continuous-wave laser mode-locking." Canadian Journal of Physics 71, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1993): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p93-001.

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We demonstrated efficient active mode-locking of a Nd:YAG laser using broad bandwidth, pulsed electro-optic modulation. A 10 GHz, LiTaO3 traveling wave phase modulator, driven by 300 ps FWHM electrical pulses with less than 1 mW of drive power, was used to generate detector-limited, mode-locked laser pulses of less than 50 ps duration at 76 MHz. Shorter modulator drive pulses are possible and near bandwidth-limited mode-locked pulses should be attainable. The use of pulsed modulation rather than conventional sinusoidal modulation permits both pulse width and pulse build-up time reductions and generally makes active mode-locking competitive with passive mode-locking for relatively low-gain and narrow-bandwidth lasers.

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21

Stix, Michael S. "Phase-plane analysis of passively mode-locked dye lasers." Optics Letters 10, no. 6 (June 1, 1985): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.10.000279.

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22

Kauffman, J. F., M. J. Côté, P. G. Smith, and J. D. McDonald. "Novel circuit for phase locking two mode‐locked lasers." Review of Scientific Instruments 60, no. 2 (February 1989): 281–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140427.

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23

Ell, R., W. Seitz, U. Morgner, T. R. Schibli, and F. X. Kärtner. "Carrier-envelope phase dynamics of synchronized mode-locked lasers." Optics Communications 220, no. 1-3 (May 2003): 211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0030-4018(03)01362-2.

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24

Hegarty, Stephen P., David Goulding, Bryan Kelleher, Guillaume Huyet, Maria-Teresa Todaro, Abdelmajid Salhi, Adriana Passaseo, and Massimo De Vittorio. "Phase-locked mutually coupled 13 μm quantum-dot lasers." Optics Letters 32, no. 22 (November 1, 2007): 3245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.32.003245.

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25

Walker, D. R., D. W. Crust, W. E. Sleat, and W. Sibbett. "Reduction of phase noise in passively mode-locked lasers." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 28, no. 1 (1992): 289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/3.119526.

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26

Wirth, M. J., and Shiow-Hwa Chou. "Phase-Resolved Subnanosecond Spectroscopy Using the Beat Frequencies from Mode-Locked Lasers." Applied Spectroscopy 42, no. 3 (March 1988): 483–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702884428031.

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It is shown that the beat frequencies inherent to a mode-locked dye laser can be used in phase fluorometry. The fluorescence lifetime of cresyl violet, quenched by KI, is determined with the use of the first two harmonics of a synchronously pumped dye laser. The results from the two frequency components are in excellent agreement. The fluorescence lifetime is determined by time-resolved spectroscopy, with the use of the same sample and photomultiplier. The data show that narrower confidence intervals are obtained in the phase-resolved measurement, and this result is attributed to the high phase stability of a cw mode-locked laser.

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27

Nazarikov, Gleb, Simon Rommel, Weiming Yao, and Idelfonso Tafur Monroy. "Optical Injection Locking for Generation of Tunable Low-Noise Millimeter Wave and THz Signals." Applied Sciences 11, no. 21 (October 30, 2021): 10185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112110185.

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This article presents the experimental demonstration of synchronization of two integrated semiconductor distributed Bragg reflector lasers, fabricated with a generic multiproject wafer platform, by means of injection locking. Substantial linewidth reduction and frequency stabilization of the lasers were shown during locking of the lasers to an optical frequency comb. Phase noise was measured for different injected powers and different laser cavities. For a generation of millimeter-wave signals up to 80 GHz, two lasers were simultaneously locked to the comb. Fine-tuning was performed by tuning the repetition rate of the comb and coarse-tuning was carried out by switching to another comb line. A suppression ratio of 37 dB was achieved for unwanted comb lines. The achieved signal purity, phase noise, and suppression of unwanted components demonstrate the viability of injection locking for the generation of high-quality signals at sub-THz and THz frequencies and with substantial tunability.

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28

Kassa, Wosen-Eshetu, Anne-Laure Billabert, Salim Faci, and Catherine Algani. "Simulation of heterodyne RoF systems based on 2 DFB lasers: application to an optical phase-locked loop design." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 6, no. 2 (February 19, 2014): 207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078714000117.

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This paper presents a simulation approach of optical heterodyne systems by using the equivalent circuit representation of a distributed feedback laser (DFB) in the electrical domain. Since the electrical representation of the DFB laser is developed from the rate equations, its characteristics such as non-linearity, relative intensity noise (RIN), and phase noise can be predicted precisely for various biasing conditions. The model is integrated in a heterodyne radio over fiber (RoF) system where two DFB lasers are used to generate a millimeter-wave (mm-wave) signal. An optical phase-locked loop is also introduced to reduce the phase noise on the mm-wave signal. The optical phase noise contribution of individual lasers to the mm-wave signal is evaluated and compared with theoretical results. It is shown that the phase noise of the mm-wave is reduced considerably depending on the loop bandwidth and propagation delay. With the circuit simulation approach proposed, optical and mm-wave phase noises can be studied together with other circuit environments such as parasitic effects and driver circuits.

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29

GOURLEY, P. L., and M. E. WARREN. "SURFACE-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR LASER STRUCTURES FABRICATED BY MICROLITHOGRAPHY." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 04, no. 01 (January 1995): 27–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863595000045.

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Vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers are semiconductor microcavity lasers created by epitaxial growth and surface processing technologies which exploit new 3-dimensional architectures. The physical properties of these microcavities are intimately related to the geometry imposed on the semiconductor materials. The surface-emitting geometry is ideal for fabricating 2-dimensional laser structures by optical and electron beam lithography. These structures include large area, phase-locked arrays with shaped beams for higher power applications and 2-dimensional nanostructures such as photonic lattices for controlling microscopic optical properties. This paper reviews the basic physics of epitaxial surface-emitting laser cavities and recent technical advances in the microfabrication of 2-dimensional surface-emitting laser arrays and photonic lattices.

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30

Oon, F. E., and Rainer Dumke. "Compact single-seed, module-based laser system on a transportable high-precision atomic gravimeter." AVS Quantum Science 4, no. 4 (December 2022): 044401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/5.0119151.

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A single-seed, module-based compact laser system is demonstrated on a transportable [Formula: see text]-based high-precision atomic gravimeter. All the required laser frequencies for the atom interferometry are provided by free-space acousto-optic modulators (AOMs) and resonant electro-optic phase modulators (EOMs). The optical phase-locked loop between the two optical paths derived from the same laser provides an easy frequency manipulation between two laser frequencies separated by the hyperfine frequency of 6.835 GHz using an AOM and an EOM, respectively. Our scheme avoids parasite Raman transitions present in the direct EOM modulation scheme (modulating directly at the frequency of the hyperfine splitting), which have detrimental effects on the accuracy of the gravity measurements. The optical phase-locked loop also provides a convenient way for vibration compensation through the Raman lasers' phase offset. Furthermore, the modular design approach allows plug-and-play nature on each individual optic module and also increases the mechanical stability of the optical systems. We demonstrate high-precision gravity measurements with 17.8 [Formula: see text] stability over 250 s averaging time and 2.5 [Formula: see text] stability over 2 h averaging time.

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31

Sun, Dalin, Qi Zhao, Shaowen Chu, Chunyu Cao, Jihong Pei, Xintong Xu, and Shuangchen Ruan. "Multiple Bound State Soliton Pulses in the All Polarization Maintaining Fiber Laser." Micromachines 14, no. 8 (July 29, 2023): 1528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14081528.

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The bound state soliton pulse, a novel mode-locked output state of fiber lasers, has been studied extensively to gain a better understanding of soliton interactions and to explain the mechanism behind the generation of mode-locked pulses. In this particular research, we utilized a self-made saturable absorber (SA) consisting of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) in a fully polarization maintaining (PM) erbium-doped fiber optical path. Through this setup, we observed various bound state pulse phenomena, including the double bound state with different phase differences, the bound state formed by two double pulse bound states, the multi-pulse bound state, etc. The abundant bound soliton pulse states demonstrated the excellent nonlinear absorption characteristics of the SA as well as the excellent optical properties of the all-PM fiber laser. It contributed to exploring the relationship between sub pulses and mode-locked pulses in the future. Additionally, due to the strong interaction between bound state solitons and the inherent stability of the PM optical path, there was potential for utilizing this setup as a seed source to enhance the stability of high-power fiber lasers.

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32

Huntington, E. H., T. C. Ralph, C. C. Harb, and B. L. Schumaker. "Quadrature-phase noise penalties of optically and electro-optically phase-locked lasers." Optics Communications 250, no. 1-3 (June 2005): 178–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2005.02.023.

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33

Li, Zerui. "Analysis of the Principles and Applications of Ultra-intensity and Ultrashort Laser." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 76 (December 31, 2023): 441–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/9s9fm882.

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With the development of laser technology, how to improve the output performance and peak power of lasers has become one of the hot directions of current research. This study analyzes the principles and applications of ultra-intensity and ultrashort pulse laser. It firstly outlines the development history of laser technology and the basic definition of ultra-intensity and ultrashort pulse laser. It also mentions the realization methods for generating ultra-intensity and ultrashort pulse lasers, such as mode-locked femtosecond oscillators and CPA-based femtosecond amplifiers. The paper describes the principles of CPA technique and emphasizes its importance in realizing high power ultrashort pulses. The paper discusses various applications of ultra-intensity and ultrashort pulsed laser and summarizes and discusses the major bottlenecks facing current and future ultra-intensity and ultrashort pulsed lasers and their possible solutions. The technical review in this paper aims to enhance the understanding of ultra-intensity and ultrashort pulsed laser and provide insights into the next phase of research exploration in ultra-intensity and ultrashort pulsed lasers.

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34

Geng, Pan-Fei, Min Chen, Xin-Zhe Zhu, Wei-Yuan Liu, Zheng-Ming Sheng, and Jie Zhang. "Propagation of axiparabola-focused laser pulses in uniform plasmas." Physics of Plasmas 29, no. 11 (November 2022): 112301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0109643.

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An axiparabola-based flying focus laser possesses a long focal depth, a small focal spot, and a controllable group velocity. It has been proposed for wide applications, such as phase-locked laser wakefield acceleration and photon acceleration. We numerically study the propagation of axiparabola-focused laser pulses in plasmas and find that such lasers can propagate stably over long distances in plasmas at low intensity. When the laser intensity increases to the relativistic intensity, they no longer propagate stably. Pulse front deformation and fracture appear due to the formation of plasma density modulations. We propose three schemes to mitigate the unstable propagation of axiparabola-focused lasers: (i) adding a radially dependent pulse front delay, (ii) placing the plasma away from the beginning of the focal line, and (iii) using an axiparabola mirror with a negative focal line. All these methods are relatively easy to implement. Our studies can provide guidance for applications of axiparabola-focused lasers.

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35

TAKASAGO, Kazuya, Tetsuya ITOH, and Fumihiko KANNARI. "Femtosecond Pulse Phase Measurements of Mode-locked Ti3+:Al2O3 Lasers." Review of Laser Engineering 22, no. 10 (1994): 843–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2184/lsj.22.843.

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36

Soto-Crespo, J. M., Nail Akhmediev, Ph Grelu, and F. Belhache. "Quantized separations of phase-locked soliton pairs in fiber lasers." Optics Letters 28, no. 19 (October 1, 2003): 1757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.28.001757.

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37

Ishida, Y., K. Naganuma, and T. Yajima. "Self-phase modulation in hybridly mode-locked CW dye lasers." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 21, no. 1 (January 1985): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jqe.1985.1072530.

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38

Elliott, R., R. DeFreez, T. Paoli, R. Burnham, and W. Streifer. "Dynamic characteristics of phase-locked multiple quantum well injection lasers." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 21, no. 6 (June 1985): 598–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jqe.1985.1072708.

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39

Stix, Michael S. "Phase-plane analysis of passively mode-locked dye lasers: erratum." Optics Letters 10, no. 9 (September 1, 1985): 466. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.10.000466.

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40

Arissian, Ladan, and Jean Claude Diels. "Mode-locked lasers applied to coherent interactions and phase measurements." Journal of Modern Optics 53, no. 16-17 (November 10, 2006): 2593–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09500340600898189.

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41

Tonyushkin, Alexei A., Adam D. Light, and Michael D. Di Rosa. "Phase-locked scanning interferometer for frequency stabilization of multiple lasers." Review of Scientific Instruments 78, no. 12 (December 2007): 123103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2818773.

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42

Sivaramakrishnan, Sudarshan, and Herbert G. Winful. "Subharmonic anti-phase dynamics in coupled mode-locked semiconductor lasers." Optics Letters 42, no. 23 (November 27, 2017): 4905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.42.004905.

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Bartelt-Berger, Lars, Uwe Brauch, Adolf Giesen, Helmut Huegel, and Hans Opower. "Power-scalable system of phase-locked single-mode diode lasers." Applied Optics 38, no. 27 (September 20, 1999): 5752. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.38.005752.

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44

Murakami, A. "Phase locking and chaos synchronization in injection-locked semiconductor lasers." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 39, no. 3 (March 2003): 438–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jqe.2002.808143.

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Kao, Tsung-Yu, Qing Hu, and John L. Reno. "Phase-locked arrays of surface-emitting terahertz quantum-cascade lasers." Applied Physics Letters 96, no. 10 (March 8, 2010): 101106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3358134.

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Paschotta, Rüdiger. "Timing jitter and phase noise of mode-locked fiber lasers." Optics Express 18, no. 5 (February 25, 2010): 5041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.18.005041.

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Mawst, L. J., D. Botez, T. J. Roth, W. W. Simmons, G. Peterson, M. Jansen, J. Z. Wilcox, and J. J. Yang. "Phase-locked array of antiguided lasers with monolithic spatial filter." Electronics Letters 25, no. 5 (1989): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19890253.

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48

Lowery, A. J. "Cyclic three-phase amplitude jitter in mode-locked semiconductor lasers." Electronics Letters 25, no. 12 (1989): 799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19890539.

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Westberg, J., L. A. Sterczewski, and G. Wysocki. "Mid-infrared multiheterodyne spectroscopy with phase-locked quantum cascade lasers." Applied Physics Letters 110, no. 14 (April 3, 2017): 141108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4979825.

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Fujii, H., I. Suemune, and M. Yamanishi. "Analysis of transverse modes of phase-locked multi-stripe lasers." Electronics Letters 21, no. 16 (1985): 713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19850504.

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