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Journal articles on the topic 'Phase-change materials, thermal properties'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

Last updated: 11 March 2023

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1

Zmeškal, O., and L. Dohnalová. "Thermal Properties of Phase Change Materials." International Journal of Thermophysics 35, no. 9-10 (April 24, 2013): 1900–1911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10765-013-1436-9.

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2

Zhang, Shi Chao, Wei Wu, Yu Feng Chen, Liu Shi Tao, Kai Fang, and Xian Kai Sun. "Preparation and Properties of Phase Change Thermal Insulation Materials." Solid State Phenomena 281 (August 2018): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.281.131.

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With the increase of the speed of vehicle, the thermal protection system of its powerplant requires higher insulation materials. Phase change materials can absorb large amounts of heat in short time. So the introduction of phase change materials in thermal insulation materials can achieve efficient insulation in a limited space for a short time. In this paper, a new phase change thermal insulation material was prepared by pressure molding with microporous calcium silicate as matrix and Li2CO3 as phase change material. The morphology stability, exudation and heat insulation of the materials were tested. The results show that the porous structure of microporous calcium silicate has a good encapsulation when the phase transition of Li2CO3 is changed into liquid. And the material has no leakage during use. The thermal performance test also shows that the insulation performance of the material has obvious advantages in the short term application.

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3

Liu, Tai Qi, Li Yan Yang, Fu Rui Ma, Rui Xue Liu, Yu Quan Wen, and Xiao Wu. "Preparation and Properties of Microencapsulated Phase Change Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 4187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.4187.

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Microencapsulated phase change materials were prepared by the interfacial polymerization method with polyurethane resin as the shell and disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate as the core. The factors which affect the diameter distribution, surface morphology and thermal properties of microencapsules were investigated by the means of SEM, DSC and TG. The results show that the diameter distribution is uniform and the microencapsules have high compactness. The particle size is centralize with the stirring rate of 8000r/m and emulsifying time for 30 minutes. The DSC results show that the melting point of the phase change material does not have much change and phase change thermal storage is obvious

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4

王, 执乾. "Preparation and Properties of Phase Change Microcapsules and Thermal Conductive Phase Change Materials." Journal of Advances in Physical Chemistry 11, no. 03 (2022): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/japc.2022.113019.

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5

Zhang, G. H., and C. Y. Zhao. "Thermal and rheological properties of microencapsulated phase change materials." Renewable Energy 36, no. 11 (November 2011): 2959–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2011.04.002.

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6

Feng, Guohui, Tianyu Wang, Na He, and Gang Wang. "A Review of Phase Change Materials." E3S Web of Conferences 356 (2022): 01062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202235601062.

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Phase change materials (PCMs) use latent heat of phase change to store heat, which has the advantages of high energy storage density and low-temperature fluctuation. And it can be applied to many fields such as the building envelope and the Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system. The PCM is a kind of energy storage material with great potential, which positively impacts energy conservation and indoor environment improvement. In this paper, the relevant research on PCMs in recent years is reviewed, three common classification methods of PCMs are summarized, and the phase change temperature range is re-divided. The temperature of PCMs is less than 80°C for low-temperature PCMs, between 80°C and 200°C for medium-temperature PCMs, and above 200°C for high-temperature PCMs. Then, the characteristics and thermal properties of some commonly used PCMs are listed, including organic PCMs, inorganic PCMs, and some composite phase change materials (CPCMs). By summarizing the thermal properties of PCMs, it can provide a reference for the selection of PCMs. Finally, the article also introduces several kinds of preparation methods for CPCMs. The solutions to the problems of low thermal conductivity, supercooling, phase separation, and leakage of PCMs are discussed. And the future research topics of PCMs are prospected.

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Káňa, Miroslav, and Peter Oravec. "Phase change materials for energy storage: A review." Advances in Thermal Processes and Energy Transformation 3, no. 1 (2020): 06–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.54570/atpet2020/03/01/0006.

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Phase change materials are one of the most suitable materials to effectively utilize the thermal energy from renewable energy. This review is based on the thermophysical properties of various phase change materials. In particular, the melting point, thermal energy storage density and thermal conductivity of organic, inorganic and eutectic phase change materials are the main selection criteria for various thermal energy storage applications over a wide operating temperature range.

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8

Huang, Dian Wu, and Hong Mei Wang. "Phase Change Materials of Microcapsules Containing Paraffin." Advanced Materials Research 482-484 (February 2012): 1596–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.482-484.1596.

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In this study, phase change microcapsules were prepared by in situ polymerization using paraffin as core material, poly(MMA -co- MAA) as shell material, Tween60/span60 as emulsifier. The surface morphology, thermal properties and particle size distribution of the prepared microcapsules were investigated by using SEM, TGA, DSC and ELS. The effects of paraffin core content and amount of emulsifier on the properties of microcapsules were studied.

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9

Bozorg-Grayeli, Elah, John P. Reifenberg, Matthew A. Panzer, Jeremy A. Rowlette, and Kenneth E. Goodson. "Temperature-Dependent Thermal Properties of Phase-Change Memory Electrode Materials." IEEE Electron Device Letters 32, no. 9 (September 2011): 1281–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/led.2011.2158796.

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10

Erkan, Gökhan. "Enhancing The Thermal Properties of Textiles With Phase Change Materials." Research Journal of Textile and Apparel 8, no. 2 (May 2004): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rjta-08-02-2004-b008.

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11

Zhang, Jianrui, Yanhui Feng, Haibo Yuan, Daili Feng, Xinxin Zhang, and Ge Wang. "Thermal properties of C17H36/MCM-41 composite phase change materials." Computational Materials Science 109 (November 2015): 300–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2015.07.033.

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12

Yang, Shu. "Preparation and Properties of Polyethylene Glycol-Based Composite Phase Change Materials." Advanced Materials Research 1004-1005 (August 2014): 546–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1004-1005.546.

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This paper aims to improve the small temperature range and poor heat-conducting property of polyethylene glycol (PEG) in practical use. One side, two different PEGs which have different phase change temperatures are mixed, in order to wider the temperature range; another side, the thermal conductivity was improved by adding graphite into composite. The structure characteristics and thermal property of composite were measured and studied. Thermal infrared imager is used to measure the practical effect of temperature-control, by coating composite on fabrics.

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13

Heniegal, Ashraf Mohamed, Omar Mohamed Omar Ibrahim, Nour Bassim Frahat, and Mohamed Amin. "Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Mortar Incorporated with Phase Change Materials (PCMs)." Key Engineering Materials 921 (May 30, 2022): 259–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-f0qyby.

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Phase change materials (PCMs) integration into cement mortar is among the new studies of interest regarding modern energy-saving techniques and developing the thermal properties in buildings. This study aims to integrate microencapsulated-PCMs (micro-PCMs) with cement mortar at 0, 5, 10, and 15% to replace natural sand for thermal properties improvement of the building envelope. In addition, the effect of using micro-PCMs on mechanical, thermal properties, and PCMs leakage problems were studied. The cement mortars incorporated with micro-PCMs were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal conductivity, and mechanical properties as (compressive, flexural, and tensile). The results indicate a decreasing trend of thermal conductivity values with the increase in PCMs content in the cementitious system with the percentages of 11, 21, and 30% for 5, 10, and 15% PCMs, respectively. Similarly, mechanical properties results also confirmed that integrating incorporating mortars with PCMs resulted in the reduction in the compressive strength by 22, 31, and 46%, respectively. Therefore, using the PCMs with cement mortar can build envelope applications to store thermal energy, provide the indoor temperature at a comfortable range, and reduce the consumption energy in buildings.

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14

Abdullaev, Azim Rasulovich, Xayotbek Mansurjon O’g’li Rafiqov, and Isroiljonova Nizomjon Qizi Zulxumor. "A Review On: Analysis Of The Properties Of Thermal Insulation Materials." American Journal of Interdisciplinary Innovations and Research 03, no. 05 (May 7, 2021): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajiir/volume03issue05-06.

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Clothing insulation is one of the important factors of human thermal comfort assessment. Thermal insulation is the reduction of heat transfer (i.e., the transfer of thermal energy between objects of differing temperature) between objects in thermal contact or in range of radioactive influence. Thermal insulation can be achieved with specially engineered methods or processes, as well as with suitable object shapes and materials. Heat flow is an inevitable consequence of contact between objects of different temperature. Thermal insulation provides a region of insulation in which thermal conduction is reduced or thermal radiation is reflected rather than absorbed by the lower-temperature body. The term thermal insulation can refer to materials used to reduce the rate of heat transfer, or the methods and processes used to reduce heat transfer. Heat energy can be transferred by conduction, convection, radiation or when undergoing a phase change. For the purposes of this discussion only the first three mechanisms need to be considered. The flow of heat can be delayed by addressing one or more of these mechanisms and is dependent on the physical properties of the material employed to do this. Predicting the pattern of clothing adjustment to climate change can provide important basis for thermal comfort and energy consumption analysis. To achieve reliable results, it is necessary to provide precise inputs, such as clothing thermal parameters. These values are usually presented in a standing body position and scarcely reported locally for individual body parts. Moreover, as an air gap distribution is both highly affected by a given body position and critical for clothing insulation, this needs to be taken into account.

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15

Radomska, Ewelina, Lukasz Mika, and Karol Sztekler. "The Impact of Additives on the Main Properties of Phase Change Materials." Energies 13, no. 12 (June 13, 2020): 3064. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13123064.

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The main drawback of phase change materials (PCMs) is their low thermal conductivity, which limits the possibilities of a wide range of implementations. Therefore, the researchers, as found in the literature, proposed several methods to improve the thermal conductivity of PCMs, including inserting high thermal conductivity materials in nano-, micro-, and macro-scales, as well as encapsulation of PCMs. However, these inserts impact the other properties of PCMs like latent heat, melting temperature, thermal stability, and cycling stability. Hence, this paper aims to review the available in the open literature research on the main properties of enhanced PCMs that undergo solid–liquid transition. It is found that inserting high thermal conductivity materials and encapsulation results in improved thermal conductivity of PCMs, but it decreases their latent heat. Moreover, the insertions can act as nucleating agents, and the supercooling degree can be reduced. Some of the thermal conductivity enhancers (TCEs) may prevent PCMs from leakage. However, some test results are inconsistent and some seem to be questionable. Therefore, this review indicates these discrepancies and gaps in knowledge and points out possible directions for further research.

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16

Yoo, Sanghyun, Everson Kandare, Ghowsalya Mahendrarajah, Mariam A. Al-Maadeed, and Akbar Afaghi Khatibi. "Mechanical and thermal characterisation of multifunctional composites incorporating phase change materials." Journal of Composite Materials 51, no. 18 (October 12, 2016): 2631–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998316673894.

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The paper reports an experimental investigation on the mechanical and thermal properties of multifunctional composite laminates integrated with microencapsulated phase change materials. The different microstructures were created by incorporating microencapsulated phase change materials in glass–epoxy composites at weight fraction between 0 and 20 wt.%. To characterise the mechanical properties, tension, compression and flexural tests were conducted. The scanning electron microscope studies were used to investigate the damage mechanisms associated with these loading conditions. Thermal storage capability of the multifunctional composites was characterised using heat flux meters. The apparent heat capacity of the composites was linearly proportional to the concentration of microencapsulated phase change materials. Alternative design analysis resulted in an optimised laminate configuration with high thermal storage capability coupled with excellent mechanical properties.

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17

Ko, Hyeyoon, Dong-Gue Kang, Minwoo Rim, Jahyeon Koo, Seok-In Lim, Eunji Jang, Dongmin Yu, Myong-Jae Yoo, Namil Kim, and Kwang-Un Jeong. "Heat managing organic materials: phase change materials with high thermal conductivity and shape stability." Polymer Chemistry 13, no. 9 (2022): 1152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1py01318a.

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By utilizing phenylnaphthalene-based thermal conducting monomers, advanced heat managing graft polymers were developed as a smart heat managing material that has excellent heat dissipation properties and thermal energy storage capabilities.

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18

Tselepi, Marina, Costas Prouskas, Dimitrios G. Papageorgiou, Isaac E. Lagaris, and Georgios A. Evangelakis. "Graphene-Based Phase Change Composite Nano-Materials for Thermal Storage Applications." Energies 15, no. 3 (February 6, 2022): 1192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15031192.

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We report results concerning the functionalization of graphene-based nanoplatelets for improving the thermal energy storage capacity of commonly used phase change materials (PCMs). The goal of this study was to enhance the low thermal conductivity of the PCMs, while preserving their specific and latent heats. We focused on wax-based PCMs, and we tested several types of graphene nanoparticles (GNPs) at a set of different concentrations. Both the size and shape of the GNPs were found to be important factors affecting the PCM’s thermal properties. These were evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry measurements and a modified enthalpy-based water bath method. We found that a small addition of GNPs (1% weight) with high aspect ratio is sufficient to double the thermal conductivity of several widely used PCMs. Our results suggest a simple and efficient procedure for improving the thermal properties of PCMs used in thermal energy storage applications.

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19

Yan, Quan Ying, Li Hang Yue, Li Li Jin, Ran Huo, and Lin Zhang. "The Experimental Research on the Thermal Properties of Shape-Stabilized Phase Change Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 1159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.1159.

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This paper investigated the thermal performance of shape stabilized phase change paraffin and shape-stabilized phase change fatty acid. And the PCMs are mixtures of 60% 46# paraffin and 40% liquid paraffin, 65 % 48# paraffin and 35% liquid paraffin,30%capric acid and 70% lauric acid, 30%capric acid and 70% myristic acid. Support material is high-density polyethylene. The results in this paper show that: Thermal stability of both of the two types of phase change materials are good, thermal stability of shape stabilized phase change fatty acid is better than that of paraffin. Results in this paper can provide references and basis for the application of phase change material walls in the practice building.

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20

Liao, Xiao Hua, Hai Feng Shi, Nan Song, and Xing Xiang Zhang. "Fabrication of Thermochromatic Microencapsulated Phase Change Materials." Advanced Materials Research 332-334 (September 2011): 1856–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.332-334.1856.

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Microencapsulated n-octadecane (MicroC18) and doped with thermochromatic powders (TC-MicroC18) were prepared with melamine-formaldehyde (M-F) resin as the wall via in-situ polymerization. The chemical structure and thermal behavior of microcapsules were investigated using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Experimental results show that 63 wt% n-C18 has been incorporated into microcapsules, and the obvious thermochromatic effect of TC-MicroC18 is displayed with temperature changing. The structure-properties of TC-MicroC18 also is discussed in detail from the aspect of molecular structure.

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21

Ma, Yanhong, Yue Li, Qifei Xie, Xianhao Min, and Xinzhong Wang. "Investigations on preparations and thermal properties of microencapsulated phase change materials." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 295 (July 25, 2019): 032093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/295/3/032093.

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22

Rao, Z. H., S. H. Wang, Y. L. Zhang, G. Q. Zhang, and J. Y. Zhang. "Thermal Properties of Paraffin/Nano-AlN Phase Change Energy Storage Materials." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 36, no. 20 (August 18, 2014): 2281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2011.590869.

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23

İnce, Şeyma, Yoldas Seki, Mehmet Akif Ezan, Alpaslan Turgut, and Aytunc Erek. "Thermal properties of myristic acid/graphite nanoplates composite phase change materials." Renewable Energy 75 (March 2015): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2014.09.053.

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24

Xie, Jingchao, Yue Li, Weilun Wang, Song Pan, Na Cui, and Jiaping Liu. "Comments on Thermal Physical Properties Testing Methods of Phase Change Materials." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 5 (January 2013): 695762. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/695762.

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25

Tao, Zechao, Hongbao Wang, Junqing Liu, Wenguang Zhao, Zhanjun Liu, and Quangui Guo. "Dual-level packaged phase change materials – thermal conductivity and mechanical properties." Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 169 (September 2017): 222–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2017.05.030.

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26

Pan, Lin, Quanhong Tao, Shudong Zhang, Shuangshuang Wang, Jian Zhang, Suhua Wang, Zhenyang Wang, and Zhongping Zhang. "Preparation, characterization and thermal properties of micro-encapsulated phase change materials." Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 98 (March 2012): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2011.09.020.

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27

Shang, Yu, and Dong Zhang. "Preparation and Thermal Properties of Graphene Oxide–Microencapsulated Phase Change Materials." Nanoscale and Microscale Thermophysical Engineering 20, no. 3-4 (October 1, 2016): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567265.2016.1236865.

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28

Lee, Dongbok, Stephen Dongmin Kang, Hyun-Mi Kim, Dae-Hwan Kang, Ho-Ki Lyeo, and Ki-Bum Kim. "Interface-controlled thermal transport properties in nano-clustered phase change materials." Journal of Applied Physics 111, no. 7 (April 2012): 073528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3703071.

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29

Lachheb, Mohamed, Ali Adili, Fethi Albouchi, Foued Mzali, and Sassi Ben Nasrallah. "Thermal properties improvement of Lithium nitrate/Graphite composite phase change materials." Applied Thermal Engineering 102 (June 2016): 922–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.03.167.

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30

Jiao, Xinbing, Jingsong Wei, Fuxi Gan, and Mufei Xiao. "Temperature dependence of thermal properties of Ag8In14Sb55Te23 phase-change memory materials." Applied Physics A 94, no. 3 (September 20, 2008): 627–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00339-008-4884-5.

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31

Kancane, Liene, Ruta Vanaga, and Andra Blumberga. "Modeling of Building Envelope's Thermal Properties by Applying Phase Change Materials." Energy Procedia 95 (September 2016): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2016.09.041.

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32

Yang, X. H., C. H. Huang, H. B. Ke, L. Chen, and P. Song. "Evaluation of thermal control performance of phase change materials for thermal shock protection of electronics." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2045, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2045/1/012032.

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Abstract Phase change materials have important application value in the fields of heat storage, cold storage, and thermal shock protection of electronic chips. In particular, in the field of chip thermal shock protection, phase change materials can use the solid-liquid phase change process to absorb a large amount of latent heat, thereby suppressing the temperature rise of the chip and preventing it from overheating. At present, there are mainly three types of common phase change materials: organic, inorganic and metallic phase change materials. There exists significant difference in the thermophysical properties of the three types of materials, and their thermal control performance also have their own characteristics. This paper sorts out the main thermophysical data of the three types of phase change materials. Through theoretical modeling and analysis, the thermal control performance of these materials is quantitatively evaluated and compared. For typical chip thermal shock conditions, the three types of phase change materials are compared, and their typical characteristics are intuitively displayed. The research results can serve as value reference for the development of phase change thermal control technology for chips.

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Sarı, Ahmet, Alper Biçer, and Gökhan Hekimoğlu. "Effects of carbon nanotubes additive on thermal conductivity and thermal energy storage properties of a novel composite phase change material." Journal of Composite Materials 53, no. 21 (October 23, 2018): 2967–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998318808357.

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Fatty acids are commonly preferred as phase change materials for passive solar thermoregulation due to their several advantageous latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) properties. However, further storage container requirement of fatty acids against leakage problem during heating period and also low thermal conductivity significantly limit their application fields. To overcome these drawbacks of capric acid–stearic acid eutectic mixture as phase change material, it was first impregnated with expanded vermiculite clay by melting/blending method and then doped with carbon nanotubes. The effects of carbon nanotubes additive on the chemical/morphological structures and LHTES properties of the composite phase change material and thermal enhanced change phase change materials were investigated by scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis analysis techniques. The differential scanning calorimetry results showed that the form-stable composite phase change materials and thermal enhanced composite phase change materials have melting temperatures in the range of 24.35–24.64℃ and latent heat capacities between 76.32 and 73.13 J/g. Thermal conductivity of the composite phase change materials was increased as 83.3, 125.0 and 258.3% by carbon nanotubes doping 1, 3 and 5 wt%. The heat charging and discharging times of the thermal enhanced -composite phase change materials were reduced appreciably due to the enhanced thermal conductivity without notably influencing their LHTES properties. Furthermore, the thermal cycling test and thermogravimetric analysis findings proved that all fabricated composites had admirable thermal durability, cycling LHTES performance and chemical stability.

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Larciprete, Maria Cristina, Stefano Paoloni, Gianmario Cesarini, Concita Sibilia, Vitalija Rubežienė, and Audrone Sankauskaitė. "Thermo-regulating properties of textiles with incorporated microencapsulated Phase Change Materials." MRS Advances 5, no. 18-19 (2020): 1023–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2020.106.

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ABSTRACTPhase change materials (PCMs) are getting increasing interest due to their capacity to absorb, store and release heat energy. Their effectiveness is characterized by quantities of absorbed/released heat energy, expressed as enthalpy. Specifically, the larger is the enthalpy, the more efficient thermoregulation effect is achieved. With this in mind, PCMs can be used in the manufacture of thermally regulated clothing in order to minimize heat strain and simultaneously improve thermal comfort. Moreover, such materials also modify their infrared radiation emission during phase transition, thus they can be envisioned to exploit thermal shielding applications. The aim of the present research was to investigate the infrared emissivity of textiles composed by cotton yarns with dispersed PCMs. The organic microcapsules of phase change materials, having different binding to the fibre mechanisms, were padded onto the fabric surface by pad-dry-cure method. The thermal properties and stabilities were measured using differential scanning calorimetry, while infrared emissivity was characterized using infrared thermographic technique. The obtained experimental results show a dynamic tuning of IR emissivity during heating/cooling process which can be correlated to the type and properties (enthalpy of fusion) of the corresponding PCM.

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Kahwaji, Samer, and Mary Anne White. "Edible Oils as Practical Phase Change Materials for Thermal Energy Storage." Applied Sciences 9, no. 8 (April 19, 2019): 1627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9081627.

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Edible oils could provide more accessible alternatives to other phase change materials (PCMs) for consumers who wish to build a thermal energy storage (TES) system with sustainable materials. Edible oils have good shelf life, can be acquired easily from local stores and can be less expensive than other PCMs. In this work, we explore whether margarine, vegetable shortening, and coconut oil are feasible PCMs, by investigations of their thermal properties and thermal stability. We found that margarine and vegetable shortening are not useful for TES due to their low latent heat of fusion, ΔfusH, and poor thermal stability. In contrast, coconut oil remained thermally stable after 200 melt-freeze cycles, and has a large ΔfusH of 105 ± 11 J g−1, a low degree of supercooling and a transition temperature, Tmpt = 24.5 ± 1.5 °C, that makes it very useful for TES in buildings. We also determined coconut oil’s heat capacity and thermal conductivity as functions of temperature and used the measured properties to evaluate the feasibility of coconut oil for thermal buffering and passive heating of a residential-scale greenhouse.

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Wełnic, Wojciech, Johannes A. Kalb, Daniel Wamwangi, Christoph Steimer, and Matthias Wuttig. "Phase change materials: From structures to kinetics." Journal of Materials Research 22, no. 9 (September 2007): 2368–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0301.

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Phase change materials possess a unique combination of properties, which includes a pronounced property contrast between the amorphous and crystalline state, i.e., high electrical and optical contrast. In particular, the latter observation is indicative of a considerable structural difference between the amorphous and crystalline state, which furthermore is characterized by a very high vacancy concentration unknown from common semiconductors. Through the use of ab initio calculations, this work shows how the electric and optical contrast is correlated with structural differences between the crystalline and the amorphous state and how the vacancy concentration controls the optical properties. Furthermore, crystal nucleation rates and crystal growth velocities of various phase change materials have been determined by atomic force microscopy and differential thermal analysis. In particular, the observation of different recrystallization mechanisms upon laser heating of amorphous marks is explained by the relative difference of just three basic parameters among these alloys, namely, the melt-crystalline interfacial energy, the entropy of fusion, and the glass transition temperature.

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37

Kozlovskiy, A. L. "FLUENCE OF PHASE FORMATION PROCESSES IN LITHIUM ZIRCONATECERAMICS ON STRENGTHAND THERMAL PROPERTIES." Eurasian Physical Technical Journal 19, no. 2 (40) (June 15, 2022): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2022no2/13-18.

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The article is devoted to the study of the properties of lithium zirconate ceramics obtained by solid-phase synthesis. The choice of lithium zirconateceramics as objects of study is due to the great prospects for their use as materials for tritium propagation. Results of a study of the influence of the LiO/ZrO2/Li2ZrO3→ LiO/Li2ZrO3 → Li2ZrO3type phase transformations in ceramics, depending on the annealing temperature, on the strength and thermophysical parameters of ceramics are obtained. During the studies, it was found that the change in hardness and crack resistance are directly dependent on the phase composition and concentration of impurity phases in the composition of ceramics. It has been determined that the displacement of lithium oxideand zirconium dioxide impurity phases leads to an increase in hardness and an increase in resistance to cracking under single compression. It has been established that at annealing temperatures above 900°C, the change in strength and thermophysical parameters is minimal. At the same time, a change in the phase composition of the LiO/ZrO2/Li2ZrO3→ Li2ZrO3type ceramics leads to an increase in the thermal conductivity coefficient by (15-20)%

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Janumala, Emeema, Murali Govindarajan, Venkateswara Bomma Reddi, and Sivakandhan Chinnasamy. "Investigations on phase change materials for enhancement of thermal conductivity." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2021): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci201113219j.

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Experimental work has been undertaken to improve the thermal conductivity of the Phase Change Material (PCM), Paraffin Wax (PW) by adding Alumina and Copper particles in increased mass fractions to elevate thermal energy storage efficiency. Composite PCMs of PW-Alumina and PW-Copper with 5%,10% and 15% mass fractions were prepared by sonication. Morphology of microstructures of PW and composite PCMs were examined using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Thermophysical properties were measured using Standard testing methods. Latent heat and Specific heat were recorded with Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). Thermal conductivity was tested using Two Slab Guarded Hot Plate apparatus. The results showed an improvement in thermal conductivity and latent heat of the composite PCMs. The enhancement ratio of thermal conductivity was 10% and 80% for PW-Alumina and PW-Copper composite PCMs respectively at 15 wt%.

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Martínez, Arnold, Mauricio Carmona, Cristóbal Cortés, and Inmaculada Arauzo. "Characterization of Thermophysical Properties of Phase Change Materials Using Unconventional Experimental Technologies." Energies 13, no. 18 (September 9, 2020): 4687. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13184687.

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The growing interest in developing applications for the storage of thermal energy (TES) is highly linked to the knowledge of the properties of the materials that will be used for that purpose. Likewise, the validity of representing processes through numerical simulations will depend on the accuracy of the thermal properties of the materials. The most relevant properties in the characterization of phase change materials (PCM) are the phase change enthalpy, thermal conductivity, heat capacity and density. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is the most widely used technique for determining thermophysical properties. However, several unconventional methods have been proposed in the literature, mainly due to overcome the limitations of DSC, namely, the small sample required which is unsuitable for studying inhomogeneous materials. This paper presents the characterization of two commercial paraffins commonly used in TES applications, using methods such as T-history and T-melting, which were selected due to their simplicity, high reproducibility, and low cost of implementation. In order to evaluate the reliability of the methods, values calculated with the proposed alternative methods are compared with the results obtained by DSC measurements and with the manufacturer’s technical datasheet. Results obtained show that these non-conventional techniques can be used for the accurate estimation of selected thermal properties. A detailed discussion of the advantage and disadvantage of each method is given.

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Pop, Lucian-Cristian, Mihaela Baibarac, Ion Anghel, and Lucian Baia. "Gypsum Composite Boards Incorporating Phase Change Materials: A Review." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 21, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 2269–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.18957.

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The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the available gypsum based composite including various phase change materials employed to increase the thermal energy storage capacity of building materials. A wide range of materials such as n-alkane, saturated fatty acid, fatty acid esters etc are used as phase change materials. Adding carbonaceous material (carbon nanofibers, activated nanocarbon, graphite nanosheets etc.) to augment some properties is also a common practice. In addition, there are presented the methods of obtaining the nano/macro-composites together with some thermal characteristics of the newly prepared materials.

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Min, Kyung-Eun, Jae-Won Jang, Jun-Ki Kim, Chien Wern, and Sung Yi. "Thermophysical Properties of Inorganic Phase-Change Materials Based on MnCl2·4H2O." Applied Sciences 12, no. 13 (June 22, 2022): 6338. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12136338.

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Manganese (II) chloride tetrahydrate, classified as an inorganic phase-change material (PCM), can be used as a thermal energy storage material, saving and releasing thermal energy during its phase transitions. In this study, thermophysical properties, such as phase change temperatures, latent heat, and thermal conductivities, of four types of MnCl2·4H2O PCMs were investigated under single and dual phases (liquid-, solid-, and dual-phase PCMs) using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and a heat flow meter. PCMs with a liquid or dual phases exhibited superheating issues, and their melting temperatures were 7 to 10 °C higher than the reference melting temperatures. The PCMs had latent heats between 146 and 176 J/g in the temperature range of 23 to 45 °C under the endothermic process. Severe supercooling during the exothermic process was observed in all as-received specimens, but was mitigated in the homogenization-treated specimen, which sustained an increase in solidification temperature of about 15 °C compared with the as-received and treated PCMs. The diffusivities of PCMs were between 9.76 × 10−6 and 2.35 × 10−5 mm2/s. The diffusivities of the PCMs in the solid phase were higher than those in the liquid phase. During the initial holding time of the endothermic process, the PCM in the liquid phase could not be fully solidified due to an insufficient initial holding time and very low diffusivity, which caused superheating during the DSC measurement. Moreover, in the exothermic process, a fast cooling rate of 5 °C/min and low thermal diffusivity caused supercooling. In particular, the diffusivity of the liquid PCM was lower than those of the solid PCM and other PCMs, which caused extremely high supercooling during the DSC measurement. This paper provides the thermophysical properties of MnCl2·4H2O PCMs, which are not available in the literature. The homogeneity of PCMs in their initial states and their heating/cooling rates were identified, and constitute important factors for accurately measuring the thermophysical properties of PCMs.

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Li, Jing, Yanning Liao, Shaowei Li, Xu Yang, and Naixun Jiao. "Thermal properties of the three-dimensional graphene/paraffin nanocomposite phase change materials." E3S Web of Conferences 341 (2022): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202234101005.

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The excellent properties of graphene phase change nanocomposite made it have potential application value in the field of heat storage materials, which was expected to achieve the integration of heat transfer and storage. In order to enhance the thermal performance of paraffin in energy storage, the structure models of n-octadecane and three kinds of graphene/n-octadecane composites were established. Molecular dynamics method was used to study the variation of thermophysical properties. It is found that the strong interaction between graphene and noctadecane restricts the diffusion intensity of n-octadecane molecules, which reflects in the decreasing trend of the self-diffusion coefficient. In addition, the thermal conductivity of each system in the solid state is higher than that of liquid, and abruptly drops near the melting point. The thermal conductivity of the composite PCM always higher than the pure noctadecane and increases with the amount of graphene.

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Rao, Z. H., G. Q. Zhang, and Z. J. Wu. "Thermal properties of paraffin/graphite composite phase change materials in battery thermal management system." Energy Materials 4, no. 3 (September 2009): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174892310x12732272833889.

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Zhou, Hongxia, André Andersson, and Thomas Olofsson. "Phase change materials influence on temperature variatio buildings." E3S Web of Conferences 356 (2022): 01044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202235601044.

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For the design of sustainable buildings, it is crucial with accurate methods to evaluate how alternative constructions will influence thermal comfort, as well as energy efficiency. This study introduces a model to investigate how the use of phase change materials (PCM)in building envelopes can influence the temperature stratification, which also influences the indoor thermal comfort. PCM is characterized by large latent heat in the melting/solidifying process during phase transition. Applications with PCM have been recognized as possible alternatives in building envelopes to improve thermal comfort as well as energy efficiency. The selection of the properties of the PCM, as well as how and where the PCM was installed in the building envelope, are crucial factors to be considered before application in practice. In this study, a simplified experimental set-up including a hot-box was used. The PCM material Climsel28 with different layers thicknesses was installed in the sidewall of a hot-box. Extruded polystyrene (XPS) foam boards were used as wall insulation material in the study. XPS was installed as a reference case and in different layer combinations with the PCM. The sequence of the XPS and PCM was varied. Temperature and heat flux were measured in different positions of the hot-box and on the tested walls. A 3D COMSOL model was developed to study the thermal performance of the system. The model was validated in the study using the collected experimental data. The results indicated that the developed COMSOL model can reasonably predict the performance of the system, both with and without the incorporation of PCM. Additionally, the measured temperature stratification were theoretically validated by the COMSOL model. The study gives indicative guidance of how PCMs can be installed in building constructions elements to reduce temperature peak loads and thus also contributing to an improvement of the indoor thermal comfort.

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Luo, Xiao Xu, Xiao Qing Zuo, and Ming Wei Zhao. "Thermal Storage and Release Properties of Aluminum Foam - Paraffin Composite Phase Change Materials." Advanced Materials Research 668 (March 2013): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.668.42.

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Aluminum foam-Paraffin Composite Phase Change Materials (APCPCMs) were fabricated by aluminum foam and paraffin, and the thermal storage and thermal release properties of the composites have been studied. The results are shown as follows. (1) When the volume ratio between APCPCM and water is 1:4, the time for the temperature changing of APCPCMs with aluminum foam porosity being 54.81%, 60.52%, 64.37% and 69.74%, from 24°C to 66°C, is 190s, 305s, 380s and 395s respectively. The thermal release time of these APCPCMs is 270s, 355s, 540s and 600s after being put into 24°C water, and resulting in a water temperature increase by 8.2°C, 8.7°C, 9.4°C and 10.1°Crespectively. (2) APCPCM with aluminum foam porosity 60.52% is compared with aluminum foam and paraffin, the thermal storage time of these three kinds of materials is 305s, 60s, 870s, and the thermal release time is 355s, 30s, 1470s respectively. (3) The equivalent thermal conductivity coefficient of the APCPCMs with aluminum foam porosity ranging form 69.74% to 54.81% is between 61.16 W•m-1•k-1 to 91.4W•m-1•k-1.

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Gu, Xiao Hua, Bao Yun Xu, Jia Liang Zhou, and Shi Wei Li. "Studies on Preparation and Properties of PEG/MMT Solid-Solid Phase Change Material." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 1712–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.1712.

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This paper details the preparation of one kind of PEG/MMT solid-solid phase change materials. With polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the phase change materials, montmorillonite (MMT) as skeletons, through the graft copolymerization method, prepare PEG/MMT solid-solid phase change energy storage materials. The structure, the phase transition behavior and thermal stability of PEG/MMT phase change materials were analyzed and studied by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and studied the influence of different molecular weight PEG on the capability and structure of the material, polymer phase change energy storage behavior and crystallization behavior. Finally, The PEG/MMT solid-solid phase change material could improve enthalpy value and thermal stability.

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Yadav, Apurv, Bidyut Barman, Abhishek Kardam, S. Shankara Narayanan, Abhishek Verma, and VK Jain. "Thermal properties of nano-graphite-embedded magnesium chloride hexahydrate phase change composites." Energy & Environment 28, no. 7 (July 23, 2017): 651–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x17721475.

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Phase change materials can provide large heat storage density with low volume. But their low thermal conductivity limits their heat transfer capabilities. Since carbonaceous nanoparticles have a good thermal conductivity they can be applied as an additive to phase change materials to increase their heat transfer rate. In this study, nano-graphite is used as an additive and the influences of its various concentrations on the thermal conductivity and melting and freezing rate for the nanoparticle-enhanced phase change materials is experimentally investigated. Experimental results indicates a reduction of 22% in melting time and a reduction of 75% in solidification time of 0.5% nano-graphite-embedded phase change material.

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Li, Zi Wei, and Elisabetta Gariboldi. "Analysis of the Applicability of Effective Thermophysical Properties to Composite Phase Change Materials." Materials Science Forum 1016 (January 2021): 813–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1016.813.

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Coarse form-stable phase change materials (FS-PCMs) can tailor the properties of pure PCMs. This is often attained by the presence of high-melting, high-thermal conductivity metallic phase which enhances the thermal energy storage/release. The evaluation of the thermal response of these composite materials in unsteady conditions, is not an easy task, and simplifications introduced to deal with them must be carefully considered. A set of FS-PCMs of prismatic geometry with polymeric wax as PCM and an Al foam with various pore sizes, modelled as BCC lattice has been considered in this paper. The thermal response under a set of boundary conditions with constant heat flux at the bottom surface, all other being adiabatic, was investigated both by direct simulations approach modelling the two phases and the ‘1-temperature model’, which considers the material as homogeneous and characterized by a proper set of effective properties. The ‘1-temperature model’ is able to closely reproduce the whole the local thermal history only within certain validity ranges, even if it can well reproduce the ‘average’ energy storage due to the transformation of the PCM phase.

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Shao, Mingyue, Yang Qiao, Yuan Xue, Sannian Song, Zhitang Song, and Xiaodan Li. "Advantages of Ta-Doped Sb3Te1 Materials for Phase Change Memory Applications." Nanomaterials 13, no. 4 (February 5, 2023): 633. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13040633.

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Phase change memory (PCM), a typical representative of new storage technologies, offers significant advantages in terms of capacity and endurance. However, among the research on phase change materials, thermal stability and switching speed performance have always been the direction where breakthroughs are needed. In this research, as a high-speed and good thermal stability material, Ta was proposed to be doped in Sb3Te1 alloy to improve the phase transition performance and electrical properties. The characterization shows that Ta-doped Sb3Te1 can crystallize at temperatures up to 232 °C and devices can operate at speeds of 6 ns and 8 × 104 operation cycles. The reduction of grain size and the density change rate (3.39%) show excellent performances, which are both smaller than that of Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) and Sb3Te1. These properties conclusively demonstrate that Ta incorporation of Sb3Te1 alloy is a material with better thermal stability and faster crystallization rates for PCM applications.

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Zhang, Yuan, and Qian Wang. "Impact of Phase Change Material's Thermal Properties on the Thermal Performance of Phase Change Material Hollow Block Wall." Heat Transfer Engineering 40, no. 19 (July 11, 2018): 1619–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01457632.2018.1480879.

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