Journal articles: 'Pharmacoeconomics; Decision making'

1

Sanchez, Lisa A. "Pharmacoeconomics and Formulary Decision Making." PharmacoEconomics 9, Supplement 1 (1996): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00019053-199600091-00005.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Nuijten, Mark JC. "Pharmacoeconomics in European Decision-Making." Value in Health 2, no. 5 (September 1999): 319–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-4733.1999.25005.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Rawlins, Michael, David Barnett, and Andrew Stevens. "Pharmacoeconomics: NICE's approach to decision-making." British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 70, no. 3 (November 20, 2009): 346–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2009.03589.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Beltz, Susan E., and Gary C. Yee. "Pharmacoeconomics of Cancer Therapy." Cancer Control 5, no. 5 (September 1998): 415–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107327489800500504.

Full text

Abstract:

Background In 1990, annual costs of the diagnosis and treatment of cancer reached nearly $100 billion and currently constitutes approximately 10% of health care expenditures in the United States. As new and often more expensive therapies for cancer treatment become available, the health care decision- maker must consider the cost effectiveness of the therapy. Methods Key principles of economic analyses and the inherent differences among these analyses are reviewed. Results While pharmacoeconomic analyses are increasingly being used in treatment decision-making, several issues relating to study design, data collection, and research methods are controversial. Conclusions Pharmacoeconomics analyses are necessary in the current health care environment, but the assumptions used within the analyses warrant careful evaluation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Bala, MV, and GA Zarkin. "WMM3: MODELING SEQUENTIAL DECISION-MAKING IN PHARMACOECONOMICS." Value in Health 2, no. 3 (May 1999): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1098-3015(11)71092-0.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Arenas-Guzman, R., A. Tosti, R. Hay, and E. Haneke. "Pharmacoeconomics - an aid to better decision-making." Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 19, s1 (September 2005): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3083.2005.01285.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Li, Hai-tao, Ai-xia Ma, Hong-chao Li, and Shi-xue Li. "Pharmacoeconomics in Healthcare Decision Making in China." Pharmaceutical Medicine 23, no. 5-6 (October 2009): 279–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03256782.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Yagudina, R. I., V. G. Serpik, and A. Yu Kulikov. "Pharmacoeconomics for the Health Care Managers: decision-making algorithm based on pharmacoeconomic assessments." Pharmacoeconomics: theory and practice 2, no. 1 (March 15, 2014): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.30809/phe.1.2014.47.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Franic, Duska. "Pharmacoeconomics of key importance in formulary decision-making." PharmacoResources 23, no. 1 (February 1995): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03309495.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

van Luijn, Johan C. F. "Is There a Role for Pharmacoeconomics in Decision Making?" PharmacoEconomics 30, no. 10 (October 2012): 979. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/11633680-000000000-00000.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Acevski, Stevche, and Zoran Nakov. "Need for implementation of pharmacoeconomics in healthcare system, case of analysis of antibiotic consumption in Republic of Macedonia for 2016." Macedonian Pharmaceutical Bulletin 63, no. 02 (2018): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2017.63.02.002.

Full text

Abstract:

Pharmacoeconomics is new and modern health science, implemented in developed societies, to play core role in creating health policies. The main aim of pharmacoeconomic analysis is development of science methodology for evaluation of costs and outcomes of treatment, evaluation of economic parameters in the face of outcomes of clinical results, from different treatment options. Pharmaceutical companies implemented pharmacoeconomic principles for diversifying marketing approach and market access in pharmaceutical development. New healthcare systems demand increased costs for medical care, pharmaceutical products and medical devices. Process of medical costs for evaluation of costs evolved, indirect and hidden costs are part of sole process of evaluation. Health authorities from one side and pharmaceutical companies from other side developed unique methodologies for evaluation. With these implemented changes, traditional concept for evaluation of efficacy and safety of medical devices and pharmaceutical products was overbridged and pharmacoeconomics is base for research, development, registration, reimbursement, as well as dispensing and follow the life cycle of medicines. Results from antibiotic consumption analysis in Republic of Macedonia at 2016 showed that total antibiotic consumption and antibiotic consumption per DDD/1000 citizens is according to average EU trends, mostly similarly to the usage trends of low-income countries. But usage of new and innovative antibiotic is on very low level, which indicates the need of further implementing of pharmacoeconomic analysis and principles in decision making process, for improved health care for the patients. The ultimate goal of implementing the pharmacoeconomic system in each country is enhancing the benefit to the patient through improved resource allocation. Keywords: pharmacoeconomics, type of pharmacoeconomic analysis, antibiotic consumption, Republic of Macedonia

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Greener, Mark. "Growing role for pharmacoeconomics in R&D decision-making." PharmacoEconomics & Outcomes News 189, no. 1 (November 1998): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03285709.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Gore, M., and J. Thomas. "P29. Use and influence of pharmacoeconomics in decision making in hospitals." Clinical Therapeutics 18 (January 1996): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0149-2918(96)80169-x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Sarpong, DF. "PMD13 Application of Pharmacoeconomics And Outcomes Research in Formulary Decision-Making." Value in Health 1, no. 1 (May 1998): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-4733.1998.11007113.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Gupta, Aditya K., Paul I. Oh, and Neil H. Shear. "Pharmacoeconomics for Dermatologists: An Introduction." Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 1, no. 3 (January 1997): 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/120347549700100314.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: The budgets available for health care are becoming constrained and health care decision makers have increasingly begun to scrutinize cost along with efficacy, tolerability, and cost of the different treatment options for each disease state. In keeping with the above, there has been a marked increase in the number of pharmacoeconomic evaluations published in the medical literature, including dermatology journals. Methods: Comprehensive economic evaluations systematically consider the following: statement of question, defining relevant costs, perspective and time-horizon, synthesis of data on efficacy and effectiveness, and selection of the appropriate analytic type and framework. The conclusions should be tested through extensive sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: Economic evaluations are becoming more prevalent in the field of dermatology. A well-constructed analysis may be an aid to more rational therapeutic decision-making.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Iskrov, Georgi G., Ralitsa D. Raycheva, and Rumen S. Stefanov. "Insight into reimbursement decision-making criteria in Bulgaria: implications for orphan drugs." Folia Medica 55, no. 3-4 (September 1, 2013): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/folmed-2013-0032.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: This article’s objective is to critically assess the Bulgarian legislation on health technology assessment (HTA). It analyses how innovative therapies and orphan drugs in particular would respond to the regulators’ decision-making criteria for reimbursement. MATERIALS AND МETHODS: The study features critical analysis of current decision-making criteria for drug reimbursement in Bulgaria, as well as hypothetical scenario planning for orphan medicinal products. RESULTS: The approval for inclusion into the Positive Drug List (PDL) (which is a must for reimbursement) has been reorganised into an assessment scoring system with decisionmaking criteria (presence of therapeutic alternative, clinical effectiveness, safety, pharmacoeconomics and societal value) divided into weighted indicators. An explicit threshold has been set - a medicinal product must score 60 points at least to be included in PDL. Under the currently defined reimbursement decision-making criteria a hypothetical middle- of-the-road scenario planning shows that an orphan drug would score 20 points for therapeutic alternative, 28 for clinical effectiveness and 12 for safety. It would take no points for pharmacoeconomics and societal value. This leaves the orphan drugs with a total score of 60 points, making the final outcome of real-life assessment and decision-making heavily dependent on small fluctuations. CONCLUSIONS: The current reimbursement decision-making framework in Bulgaria seems to be generalised and not sufficiently transparent. It is unable to precisely assess innovative health technologies. The availability of a therapeutic alternative emerges as a key reimbursement decision-making criterion for orphan drugs, as these innovative products nominally provide the first medicinal therapy alternative to rare diseases.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Dimasi, Joseph A., Erol Caglarcan, and Maria Wood-Armany. "Emerging Role of Pharmacoeconomics in the Research and Development Decision-Making Process." PharmacoEconomics 19, no. 7 (2001): 753–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00019053-200119070-00004.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Langley, Paul C. "Pharmacoeconomics and the quality of decision-making by pharmacy and therapeutics committees." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 52, suppl_3 (July 1, 1995): S24—S26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/52.14_suppl_3.s24.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Bos, Jasper M., and Maarten J. Postma. "Using pharmacoeconomics for policy making: is rational decision making enhanced by applying thresholds for cost-effectiveness?" Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research 4, no. 3 (June 2004): 247–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/14737167.4.3.247.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Xiaodong Kong, Sheldon, and JoAnn Stubbings. "Assessing the Economic Value of Pharmaceutical Products and Services." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 8, no. 4 (August 1995): 143–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089719009500800402.

Full text

Abstract:

The evaluation of drug therapy in the US has undergone major transformations in the 20th century. Since 1962, the primary indicators for a drug to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration have been safety and efficacy. Due to increased public demand for value for money, the economic outcome (efficiency) has become the third objective (in addition to safety and efficacy) in the evaluation of pharmaceuticals. Pharmacoeconomic analyses identify, measure, and compare the costs and consequences of two or more programs from one or several perspectives, which provide explicit sets of criteria that may be useful in deciding among different uses for scarce resources. This article introduces the basic concepts and techniques in pharmacoeconomics including types of costs and benefits, perspective of analysis, discounting, efficacy and effectiveness, decision analysis, and sensitivity analysis. Four types of pharmacoeconomic analyses are discussed: cost-effectiveness analysis, cost-benefit analysis, cost-minimization analysis, and cost-utility analysis. Estimating costs is basically similar among the four types of analyses; the major difference is the outcome measure. In addition, cost-of-illness analysis is also discussed. Because cost-of-illness analysis examines the economic burden of an illness on society, it provides the baseline information for the other types of pharmacoeconomic analyses and marketing decision-making. Copyright © 1995 by W.B. Saunders Company

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Franken, M., and M. Koopmanschap. "PHP56 THE ROLE OF PHARMACOECONOMICS IN DRUG REIMBURSEMENT DECISION-MAKING IN THE NETHERLANDS." Value in Health 12, no. 7 (October 2009): A247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1098-3015(10)74208-x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Sarpong, DF, DJ Jamero, and CK Ball. "PCH4: APPLICATION OF PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH ON DECISION-MAKING PATTERNS BY MEDICAL ONCOLOGISTS." Value in Health 3, no. 2 (March 2000): 129–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1098-3015(11)70524-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Yagudina, Roza, Andrey Kulikov, and Dzhumber Ugrekhelidze. "PP108 Health Technology Assessment Educational Programs In The Russian Federation." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 33, S1 (2017): 122–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462317002690.

Full text

Abstract:

INTRODUCTION:Health Technology Assessment (HTA) processes are extensively used during making decisions on the inclusion of medicinal products in Essential medicines lists. There is a high interest in HTA among specialists in the healthcare sphere and decision makers in Russia. According to a survey of chief physicians 62 percent of them would like to attend HTA educational programs. One of the steps necessary to disseminate HTA in Russia is the exploration of experience and best practices.METHODS:Information retrieval using websites of medical institutions in Russia were observed.RESULTS:As a result, it was found that educational program “Modern requirements for conducting health technology assessment” for decision makers in the area of health care is held in Department of organization of medicinal provision and pharmacoeconomics of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University. During this course basic methods of pharmacoeconomic analysis and their practical application, modern schemes of treatment and peculiarities of the conduct of pharmacoeconomic studies in different diseases, issues of HTA at different levels of the health system are covered. More than 1,900 specialists from 12 subjects of Russia (Samara, Nizhny Novgorod, Rostov, Orenburg, Bryansk, Astrakhan regions, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Altai, Krasnoyarsk, Stavropol and Perm territories, the Republic of Tatarstan) attended seminars including heads of regional health authorities, chief specialists of the ministries, chief physicians of hospitals, and heads of pharmacies.CONCLUSIONS:During the educational process the results of pharmacoeconomic analysis and their interpretation at the regional level, legislative changes in the sphere of health technologies circulation, the data requirements for inclusion of a medicinal product in the state lists, the rules of state procurement, and the interchangeability of medicines are highlighted. During educational process the results of pharmacoeconomic analysis and their interpretation at the regional level, legislative changes in the sphere of health technologies circulation, the data requirements for inclusion of a medicinal product in the state Lists, the rules of state procurement, and the interchangeability of medicines are highlighted.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Alsultan, Mohammed S. "The role of pharmacoeconomics in formulary decision making in different hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia." Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal 19, no. 1 (January 2011): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2010.10.005.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Drummond, Michael, Ruth Brown, A. Mark Fendrick, Pete Fullerton, Peter Neumann, Rod Taylor, and Marco Barbieri. "Use of Pharmacoeconomics Information—Report of the ISPOR Task Force on Use of Pharmacoeconomic/Health Economic Information in Health-Care Decision Making." Value in Health 6, no. 4 (July 2003): 407–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-4733.2003.64245.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Soto, H., S. Guzman, N. Reynoso, and L. Cortes. "PMC24 USE OF PHARMACOECONOMICS/HEALTH ECONOMIC TOOL (PE/HE) IN LOCAL HEALTH CARE DECISION MAKING (DM)." Value in Health 8, no. 6 (November 2005): A72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1098-3015(10)67361-5.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Marusakova, E., and J. Bielik. "Application of Health Technology Assessment and Pharmacoeconomics in the Decision-Making Process in Selected Eu Member States." Value in Health 16, no. 7 (November 2013): A679. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2013.08.1994.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Yang, Bong-min, and Kenneth Lee. "Growing Application of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research in Health-Care Decision-Making in the Asia-Pacific Region." Value in Health 12 (November 2009): S1—S2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4733.2009.00618.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Smith, Heather, Peyman Varshoei, Robin Boushey, and Craig Kuziemsky. "Use of Simulation Modeling to Inform Decision Making for Health Care Systems and Policy in Colorectal Cancer Screening: Protocol for a Systematic Review." JMIR Research Protocols 9, no. 5 (May 13, 2020): e16103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/16103.

Full text

Abstract:

Background Simulation modeling has frequently been used to assess interventions in complex aspects of health care, such as colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, where clinical trials are not feasible. Simulation models provide estimates of outcomes, unintended consequences, and costs of an intervention; thus offering an invaluable decision aid for policy makers and health care leaders. However, the contribution that simulation models have made to policy and health system decisions is unknown. Objective This study aims to assess if simulation modeling has supported evidence-informed decision making in CRC screening. Methods A preliminary literature search and pilot screening of 100 references were conducted by three independent reviewers to define and refine the inclusion criteria of this systematic review. Using the developed inclusion criteria, a search of the academic and gray literature published between January 1, 2008, and March 1, 2019, will be conducted to identify studies that developed a simulation model focusing on the delivery of CRC screening of average-risk individuals. The three independent reviewers will assess the validation process and the extent to which the study contributed evidence toward informed decision making (both reported and potential). Validation will be assessed based on adherence to the best practice recommendations described by the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research-Society for Medical Decision Making (ISPOR-SMDM). Criteria for potential contribution to decision making will be defined as outlined in the internationally recognized Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation Evidence to Decision (GRADE EtD) framework. These criteria outline information that the health system and policy decision makers should consider when making an evidence-informed decision including an intervention’s resource utilization, cost-effectiveness, impact on health equity, and feasibility. Subgroup analysis of articles based on their GRADE EtD criteria will be conducted to identify methods associated with decision support capacity (ie, participatory, quantitative, or mixed methods). Results A database search of the literature yielded 484 references to screen for inclusion in the systematic review. We anticipate that this systematic review will provide an insight into the contribution of simulation modeling methods to informed decision making in CRC screening delivery and discuss methods that may be associated with a stronger impact on decision making. The project was funded in May 2019. Data collection took place from January 2008 to March 2019. Data analysis was completed in November 2019, and are expected to be published in spring 2020. Conclusions Our findings will help guide researchers and health care leaders to mobilize the potential for simulation modeling to inform evidence-informed decisions in CRC screening delivery. The methods of this study may also be replicated to assess the utility of simulation modeling in other areas of complex health care decision making. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/16103 Trial Registration PROSPERO no. 130823; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Lopert, R., D. L. Lang, and S. R. Hill. "Use of pharmacoeconomics in prescribing research. Part 3: cost-effectiveness analysis - a technique for decision-making at the margin." Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics 28, no. 3 (June 2003): 243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2710.2003.00465.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Huic, Mirjana, Romana Tandara Hacek, and Ivan Svajger. "HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN CENTRAL, EASTERN, AND SOUTH EUROPEAN COUNTRIES: CROATIA." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 33, no. 3 (2017): 376–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026646231700054x.

Full text

Abstract:

Objectives: The aim of this study was to provide a brief, 7-year history of health technology assessment (HTA) implementation in Croatia through national and international activities.Methods: We used retrospective descriptive analysis of key documents related to the legal framework, process of decision making, and HTA. Analysis of the Agency's plan for and experience with the implementation of a transparent HTA process in Croatia was performed by addressing seven key components of the HTA implementation scorecard framework. The main challenges and facilitating factors were also assessed.Results: HTA is not yet fully implemented in Croatia. The main challenges are the insufficient legal framework, limited human and financial resources, and limited stakeholder involvement. Facilitating factors are active international collaboration and education through EUnetHTA and the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research and production of national and international HTA reports.Conclusions: The HTA process is not yet sustainable in Croatia and HTA reports are still not mandatory for reimbursement/investment or disinvestment decision processes. There are still barriers to overcome.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Woronoff Lemsi, MC, JG Jasso Mosqueda, JL Pourriat, I. Durand-zaleski, G. Desprez, E. Azoulay, JP Brion, H. Miadi-Fargier, and A. Chicoye. "PHP5 HOW PHARMACOECONOMICS INDICATORS FOR THERAPEUTIC INNOVATIONS IN ACUTE AND CHRONIC DISEASE CAN ASSIST PAYORS IN THE DECISION MAKING PROCESS." Value in Health 6, no. 6 (November 2003): 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1098-3015(10)61813-x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Berg, Marc, Tom van der Grinten, and Niek Klazinga. "Technology assessment, priority setting and appropriate care in Dutch health care." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 20, no. 4 (November 2004): 564. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462304001539.

Full text

Abstract:

References 8, 29, and 32 are incorrect as they appear in the article entitled “Technology assessment, priority setting, and appropriate care in Dutch health care,” by Marc Berg, Tom van der Grinten, and Niek Klazinga (Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 2004;20[1]:35-43). They should appear as follows: 8. Burgers JS, Bailey JV, Klazinga NS, et al. Inside guidelines: comparative analysis of recommendations and evidence in diabetes guidelines from 13 countries. Diabetes Care 2002;11:1933-1939.29. Zwart-van Rijkom JE, Leufkens HG, Busschbach JJ, et al. Differences in attitudes, knowledge and use of economic evaluations in decision-making in The Netherlands. The Dutch results from the EUROMET Project. Pharmacoeconomics 2000;2:149-160.32. Van der Grinten TED. Hervorming van de gezondheidszorg. Zal het deze keer wel lukken? Beleid & Maatschappij 2002;3:172-176.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Al-Badriyeh, D., A. Maklad, and M. Alasmar. "How Useful are the Pharmacoeconomics Systematic Reviews for Decision Making on Anticancer Drugs? a Systematic Review of Methods, Gaps, and Quality." Value in Health 21 (September 2018): S101—S102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2018.07.770.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Mohamed Saleem TS, Sreeja N, Kiran Karthik J, and Bhanu Sree K. "Cost effectiveness analysis of anti-hypertensive drugs used for chronic kidney disease patients." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 4 (October 16, 2019): 2820–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v10i4.1553.

Full text

Abstract:

Cost effectiveness analysis branch of pharmacoeconomics is a technique used to aid in decision making between alternatives. A prospective observational study would be conducted in the nephrology department at O.P, Patients with CKD with hypertension, with or deprived of diabetes are included in the study. Patients with drug-induced renal disease or unknown cause. Pregnant women with chronic kidney disease are excluded from the study. The research was conducted in150 patients in which common are men. The mean age of the research people was found to be 51.2 ±7. 02. .It was observed that calcium channel blockers 127 (84.6%), diuretics 51 (34%), α agonists 33 (22%), β blockers 21 (14%), α blockers 17 (11.3%), α+β blockers 10 (6.6%), Angiotensin receptor blockers 3 (2%) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors 1 (0.6%) were the numerous antihypertensive drugs given to the study people. Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio was assessed, and it was observed that Rs.31.80 was extra required while using diuretics than Calcium Channel Blockers for achieving respective maintenance value. The major classes of antihypertensive drugs prescribed in all of them are CCB+α agonist was found most effective CCB+ Diuretics were the second most effective. Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio was calculated, and it was found that Rs.4.40 was Extra needed to attaining essential upkeep of blood pressure. Pharmacoeconomic study shows that Calcium channel blockers were the utmost cost-effective antihypertensive in CKD patients when linked to other antihypertensive drugs. In two-drug combination therapy, CCB+α agonist was found most effective.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Tonin, Fernanda S., Ignacio Aznar-Lou, Vasco M. Pontinha, Roberto Pontarolo, and Fernando Fernandez-Llimos. "Principles of pharmacoeconomic analysis: the case of pharmacist-led interventions." Pharmacy Practice 19, no. 1 (February 21, 2021): 2302. http://dx.doi.org/10.18549/pharmpract.2021.1.2302.

Full text

Abstract:

In the past years, several factors such as evidence-based healthcare culture, quality-linked incentives, and patient-centered actions, associated with an important increase of financial constraints and pressures on healthcare budgets, resulted in a growing interest by policy-makers in enlarging pharmacists’ roles in care. Numerous studies have demonstrated positive therapeutic outcomes associated with pharmaceutical services in a wide array of diseases. Yet, the evidence of the economic impact of the pharmacist in decreasing total health expenditures, unnecessary care, and societal costs relies on well-performed, reliable, and transparent economic evaluations, which are scarce. Pharmacoeconomics is a branch of health economics that usually focuses on balancing the costs and benefits of an intervention towards the use of limited resources, aiming at maximizing value to patients, healthcare payers and society through data driven decision making. These decisions can be guide by a health technology assessment (HTA) process that inform governmental players about medical, social, and economic implications of development, diffusion, and use of health technologies – including clinical pharmacy interventions. This paper aims to provide an overview of the important concepts in costing in healthcare, including studies classification according to the type of analysis method (e.g. budget-impact analysis, cost-minimization analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, cost-utility analysis), types of costs (e.g. direct, indirect and intangible costs) and outcomes (e.g. events prevented, quality adjusted life year - QALY, disability adjusted life year - DALY). Other key components of an economic evaluation such as the models’ perspective, time horizon, modelling approaches (e.g. decision trees or simulation models as the Markov model) and sensitivity analysis are also briefly covered. Finally, we discuss the methodological issues for the identification, measurement and valuation of costs and benefits of pharmacy services, and suggest some recommendations for future studies, including the use of Value of Assessment Frameworks.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Williams, Taryn, Dan J. Stein, and Jonathan Ipser. "A systematic review of network meta-analyses for pharmacological treatment of common mental disorders." Evidence Based Mental Health 21, no. 1 (January 12, 2018): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/eb-2017-102718.

Full text

Abstract:

QuestionNetwork meta-analyses (NMAs) of treatment efficacy across different pharmacological treatments help inform clinical decision-making, but their methodological quality may vary a lot depending also on the quality of the included primary studies. We therefore conducted a systematic review of NMAs of pharmacological treatment for common mental disorders in order to assess the methodological quality of these NMAs, and to relate study characteristics to the rankings of efficacy and tolerability.Study selection and analysisWe searched three databases for NMAs of pharmacological treatment used in major depression, generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder (SAD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and specific phobia.Studies were appraised using the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research checklist of good research practices for indirect-treatment-comparison and network-meta-analysis studies.FindingsTwenty NMAs were eligible for inclusion. The number of randomised controlled trials per NMA ranged from 11 to 234, and included between 801 to more than 26 000 participants. Overall, antidepressants were found to be efficacious and tolerable agents for several disorders based on rankings (45%) or statistical significance (55%). The majority of NMAs in this review adhered to guidelines by including a network diagram (70%), assessing consistency (75%), making use of a random effects model (75%), providing information on the model used to fit the data (75%) and adjusting for covariates (75%).ConclusionsThe 20 NMAs of depression and anxiety disorders, PTSD and/or OCD included in this review demonstrate some methodological strengths in comparison with the larger body of published NMAs for medical disorders, support current treatment guidelines and help inform clinical decision-making.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Tesar, Tomas, Adam Hloska, Martin Wawruch, Lubica Lehocka, Miroslava Snopkova, and Lucia Masarykova. "INTRODUCTION OF HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT FOR MEDICINES IN SLOVAKIA." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 33, no. 3 (2017): 345–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026646231700006x.

Full text

Abstract:

Objectives: The aim of our study was to describe approaches to health technology assessment (HTA) for medicines in the Slovak healthcare system and the related decision-making processes concerning reimbursement for medicines.Methods: Analysis of the Slovak legislative framework related to HTA and the reimbursement process for medicines was performed. Additionally, current practices of the Working Group for Pharmacoeconomics, Clinical Outcomes and Health Technology Assessment of the Slovak Ministry of Health were evaluated.Results: In Slovakia, there is always at least one treatment available in each determined therapeutic class with no co-payment. HTA is becoming an established method for the evaluation of cost-effectiveness of medicines in Slovak healthcare policy. The majority of decision makers within Slovakia support the idea of increased use of and the quality and efficiency of HTA methods. However, it is crucial to overcome several practical barriers to facilitate progress in the field of HTA in the Slovak Republic.Conclusions: It can be seen that participation within the European Network for Health Technology Assessment (EUnetHTA JA 2 and EUnetHTA JA 3 projects) has significantly improved the quality of the process of HTA in Slovakia. Further legislative activities in this field are required due to the approved strategy for European Union cooperation on HTA.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Ivanova, Zlatina I., and Yavor Y. Ivanov. "Pharmacoeconomics of Bronchial Asthma." Folia Medica 61, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/folmed-2018-0070.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Introduction: Pharmacoeconomics (PE) treats the problems of pharmacotherapy policy, drug marketing and reimbursement and clinical trials. It guides policy makers for effective health resources utilization and determines the profitability of the new drugs on the basis of their price, efficacy and benefits for society. Types of health costs and pharmacoeconomic analyses: In the current review the main types of health costs are discussed. The main PE analyses with their advantages and disadvantages are presented. Pharmacoeconomic of bronchial asthma: The main aspects of PE of bronchial asthma are available in the current review. The costs of health services (direct and indirect), the educational programs and asthma medications in different countries are discussed. Recently published data showed correlation between asthma cost and disease severity, control, social status and therapy adherence. Conclusion: PE analyses provide the benefit of making cost consistent decisions in the field of asthma care. This review adds more data on the cost of current asthma treatment worldwide and in Bulgaria.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Barber, S., S. Pavitt, B. Khambay, H. Bekker, and D. Meads. "Eliciting Preferences in Dentistry with Multiattribute Stated Preference Methods: A Systematic Review." JDR Clinical & Translational Research 3, no. 4 (June 1, 2018): 326–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2380084418780324.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Preference experiments are used to understand how patients and stakeholders value aspects of health care. These methods are gaining popularity in dentistry, but quality and breadth of use have not been evaluated. Objectives: To describe multiattribute stated preference experiment use in dentistry through illustration and critique of existing studies. Data Sources: Systematic literature search of PubMed, Econlit and Ovid for Medline, Embase, PsychINFO, PsychARTICLES, and All EBM Reviews, as well as gray literature. Study Eligibility: Multiattribute stated preference experiments eliciting preferences for dental service delivery, treatments, and oral health states from the perspective of patients, the public, and dental professionals. Outcomes of interest were preference weights and marginal rates of substitution. Study selection was independently performed by 2 reviewers. Appraisal: Ten-point checklist published by the International Society of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research was used for quality assessment. Synthesis: Descriptive analysis. Results: Searches identified 12 records published between 1999 and 2015, mostly in nondental academic journals. Studies were undertaken in high-income countries in Europe and the United States. The studies aimed to elicit preference for service delivery, treatment, or oral health states from the perspective of the patients, dentists, or the public via discrete choice experiment methods. The quality scores for the studies ranged from 53% to 100%. Limitations: A detailed description and critique of stated preference methods are provided, but it was not possible to provide synthesized preference data. Conclusions: Multiattribute stated preference experiments are increasingly popular, but understanding the methods and outputs is essential for designing and interpreting preference studies to improve patient care. Patient preferences highlight important considerations for decision making during treatment planning. Valuation of health states and estimation of willingness-to-pay are important for resource planning and allocation and economic evaluation. Preference estimates and relative value of attributes for interventions and service delivery inform development and selection of treatments and services (PROSPERO 21.3.17: CRD42017059859). Knowledge Transfer Statement: Understanding patient, professional, and public preferences is fundamental for evidence-based decision making and treatment delivery. Preference elicitation methods can be used to estimate the value given to health states, service delivery, individual treatments, and health outcomes. By describing and appraising the methodology and application of multiattribute stated preference experiments in dentistry, this review provides an essential first step to wider use of well-designed, high-quality preference elicitation methods.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Crossan, Catriona, Hakim-Moulay Dehbi, Hilarie Williams, Neil Poulter, Anthony Rodgers, Stephen Jan, Simon Thom, and Joanne Lord. "A protocol for an economic evaluation of a polypill in patients with established or at high risk of cardiovascular disease in a UK NHS setting: RUPEE (NHS) study." BMJ Open 8, no. 3 (March 2018): e013063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013063.

Full text

Abstract:

IntroductionThe ‘Use of a Multi-drug Pill in Reducing cardiovascular Events’ (UMPIRE) trial was a randomised controlled clinical trial evaluating the impact of a polypill strategy on adherence to indicated medication in a population with established cardiovascular disease (CVD) of or at high risk thereof. The aim of Researching the UMPIRE Processes for Economic Evaluation in the National Health Service (RUPEE NHS) is to estimate the potential health economic impact of a polypill strategy for CVD prevention within the NHS using UMPIRE trial and other relevant data. This paper describes the design of a modelled economic evaluation of the impact of increased adherence to the polypill versus usual care among the UK UMPIRE participants.Methods and analysisAs recommended by the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research and the Society for Medical Decision Making modelling guidelines, a review of published CVD models was undertaken to identify the most appropriate modelling approach and structure. The review was carried out in the electronic databases, MEDLINE and EMBASE. 40 CVD models were identified from 57 studies, the majority of economic models were health state transition cohort models and individual-level simulation models. The findings were discussed with clinical experts to confirm the approach and structure. An individual simulation approach was identified as the most suitable method to capture the heterogeneity in the population at CVD risk. RUPEE-NHS will use UMPIRE trial data on adherence to estimate the long-term cost-effectiveness of the polypill strategy.DisseminationThe evaluation findings will be presented in open-access scientific and healthcare policy journals and at national and international conferences. We will also present findings to NHS policy makers and pharmaceutical companies.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Shaydullina, L. Y., and L. E. Ziganshina. "Clinical pharmacology - one of the world health organization strategies in promoting rational use of medicines." Kazan medical journal 93, no. 6 (December 15, 2012): 916–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj2106.

Full text

Abstract:

The review covers the history of Clinical Pharmacology discipline origin from the thirties of the twentieth century until now. Establishment of the research group on clinical pharmacology by the World Health Organization in 1969 is surveyed. The current status of clinical pharmacology in Russia is described with emphasis on potential impact of the discipline on health system in the rational use of medicines and access to medicines. The connection between clinical pharmacology development and pharmaceutical regulation and «thalidomide tragedy» of the sixties is traced. The main developing sections of the discipline of Clinical Pharmacology: pharmacoepidemiology, pharmacoeconomics, pharmacogenetics, pharmacovigilance and drug clinical trials are presented. The objectives and phases of clinical trials, the current problems of their conduction - global and Russian - are presented. Perspectives for the clinical pharmacology development using the evidence-based medicine approach are reviewed. Review reveals the multidisciplinary nature of clinical pharmacology, its bridging role between the fundamental and practical clinical disciplines, and a close connection with the development of healthcare system. Problems of clinical pharmacologists’ training and employment are discussed. The review presents the current status and development of the discipline in different countries and in the Russian Federation with reference to the federal regulations and laws. The potential of clinical pharmacology as a research, teaching and practicing medical discipline allowing the healthcare system to ensure the rational use of medicines providing drug efficiency, safety and affordability for the population is described. The results of the own authors’ research of the impact of clinical pharmacology services introduction in the practice of internal diseases departments of Kazan municipal hospitals on the outcome of coronary heart disease are presented with consideration of the various confounding factors. Review explains the need for wide use of clinical pharmacology potentials on all levels of healthcare system, particularly for administrative decision-making

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Lamrock, Felicity, Joanne O'Connor, Joy Leahy, Claire Gorry, Lesley Tilson, and Michael Barry. "OP97 Cost-effectiveness Model Appraisal Guidelines For Health Technology Assessments In Ireland." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 35, S1 (2019): 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462319001478.

Full text

Abstract:

IntroductionThe National Centre for Pharmacoeconomics (NCPE) assesses the cost-effectiveness of new drugs for which reimbursement by the healthcare payer, the Health Service Executive (HSE), is sought in Ireland. This research aims to create a systematic approach for the NCPE review group (RG) to assess each of the cost-effectiveness models submitted by the applicant by creating cost-effectiveness model appraisal guidelines.MethodsThe RG consists of clinical, statistical and health economic expertise. In order to systematically appraise the HTA submission, which includes a cost-effectiveness model, clear guidelines on how each of the members of the RG can work together are required. The current members of the RG in the NCPE were given a draft of the guidelines created by the primary author, and additional feedback and testing was performed using the expert experience of the team. A version of the guidelines was tested for its usefulness.ResultsThree checklists were created. The purpose of the first checklist is to evaluate if the cost-effectiveness model works correctly. The second checklist ensures that each of the assumptions included in the HTA dossier are the same as those included in the cost-effectiveness model. The final checklist validates the assumptions used in the cost-effectiveness model to ensure they are reasonable and appropriate for decision making. The final version of the checklists were validated by choosing cost-effectiveness models with known errors and/or discrepancies and testing that the issues were captured by the checklists.ConclusionsThese guidelines are not an exhaustive list of checks that should be performed, but are presented as the minimum requirements for consideration to be included with each RG assessment of the corresponding HTA submission. The guidelines will be constantly updated as the process evolves over time. The cost-effectiveness models should follow the National Health Information and Quality Authority (HIQA) Guidelines for the Economic Evaluation of Health Technologies in Ireland.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Briggs, Andrew H., Timothy Baker, Nancy A. Risebrough, Mike Chambers, Sebastian Gonzalez-McQuire, Afisi S. Ismaila, Alex Exuzides, et al. "Development of the Galaxy Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Model Using Data from ECLIPSE: Internal Validation of a Linked-Equations Cohort Model." Medical Decision Making 37, no. 4 (June 17, 2016): 469–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272989x16653118.

Full text

Abstract:

Background. The recent joint International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research / Society for Medical Decision Making Modeling Good Research Practices Task Force emphasized the importance of conceptualizing and validating models. We report a new model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (part of the Galaxy project) founded on a conceptual model, implemented using a novel linked-equation approach, and internally validated. Methods. An expert panel developed a conceptual model including causal relationships between disease attributes, progression, and final outcomes. Risk equations describing these relationships were estimated using data from the Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints (ECLIPSE) study, with costs estimated from the TOwards a Revolution in COPD Health (TORCH) study. Implementation as a linked-equation model enabled direct estimation of health service costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) for COPD patients over their lifetimes. Internal validation compared 3 years of predicted cohort experience with ECLIPSE results. Results. At 3 years, the Galaxy COPD model predictions of annual exacerbation rate and annual decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 second fell within the ECLIPSE data confidence limits, although 3-year overall survival was outside the observed confidence limits. Projections of the risk equations over time permitted extrapolation to patient lifetimes. Averaging the predicted cost/QALY outcomes for the different patients within the ECLIPSE cohort gives an estimated lifetime cost of £25,214 (undiscounted)/£20,318 (discounted) and lifetime QALYs of 6.45 (undiscounted/5.24 [discounted]) per ECLIPSE patient. Conclusions. A new form of model for COPD was conceptualized, implemented, and internally validated, based on a series of linked equations using epidemiological data (ECLIPSE) and cost data (TORCH). This Galaxy model predicts COPD outcomes from treatment effects on disease attributes such as lung function, exacerbations, symptoms, or exercise capacity; further external validation is required.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

&NA;. "Is pharmacoeconomic analysis relevant in formulary decision-making?" Drugs & Therapy Perspectives 12, no. 9 (October 1998): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00042310-199812090-00005.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Tam, Vincent H., Steven Adams, Mark T. Larocco, Laura N. Gerard, Layne O. Gentry, and Kevin W. Garey. "An integrated pharmacoeconomic approach to antimicrobial formulary decision-making." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 63, no. 8 (April 15, 2006): 735–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2146/ajhp050210.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Drummond, Michael. "Pharmacoeconomic studies: Guidelines and utilization for health decision-making." Biological Psychiatry 42, no. 1 (July 1997): 11S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3223(97)86902-8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Duong, P., and N. Johnson. "P21. Pharmacoeconomic analysis in the formulary decision-making process." Clinical Therapeutics 18 (January 1996): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0149-2918(96)80161-5.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Macaulay, Richard, Lok Wan Liu, and Erika Turkstra. "OP19 Does The HST Represent A Best Practice Model For Ultra-Orphan HTA?" International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 35, S1 (2019): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462319000916.

Full text

Abstract:

IntroductionUltra-orphan therapies (prevalence: <1:50,000) can have trouble meeting Health Technology Assessment (HTA) clinical- and cost-effectiveness criteria, set by HTA bodies to inform reimbursement decision-making, due to low patient numbers limiting the supporting clinical evidence generated and high per-patient prices. Since 2013, National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) appraise Highly Specialised Technologies (HST) (“for use in the provision of services for rare and very rare conditions”) using a distinct appraisal framework. This research compares NICE HST appraisal outcomes with corresponding guidance by other HTA bodies.MethodsAll NICE HST technology guidance was screened (1 January 2013–6 November 2018) alongside corresponding guidance by Gemeinsamer Bundesausschuss (G-BA), Haute Autorité de Santé (HAS), Scottish Medicines Consortium (SMC), and National Centre for Pharmacoeconomics (NCPE).ResultsNICE have published eight HST guidances all with positive recommendations after a median of 21 months (range: 7–38) after European Marketing Authorization (MA). An additional eight HST have guidance in-development despite having European MA for a median of 12 months (range: 2–46) with 5/8 having draft guidance issued, all being “not recommended”. Of the 18 HSTs with NICE guidance published/in-development, 29 percent (2/7), and 33 percent (2/6) have been assessed with positive outcomes (definition: “recommended”/”accepted”/“conditional”/”restricted”) by SMC, and NCPE, respectively vs. 100 percent (9/9) by G-BA (definition: any additional benefit), and 50 percent (5/10) by HAS (definition: ASMR I-III). Median delays between European MA and positive appraisal outcomes were seven (G-BA), nine (HAS), 12 (NCPE), and 19.5 months (SMC).ConclusionsAlthough all NICE HST final guidances to date have been positive, few technologies have completed this process after substantial delays from MA. Other cost/QALY HTA bodies (i.e. excluding the G-BA and HAS clinical-assessment HTAs) have shown low appraisal and recommendation rates for these technologies; therefore, ultra-orphan technologies may require a distinct appraisal process/framework but the HST may not (yet) represent best-practice.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Odedina, Folakemi T., Johanna Sullivan, Rowena Nash, and C. Denise Clemmons. "Use of pharmacoeconomic data in making hospital formulary decisions." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 59, no. 15 (August 1, 2002): 1441–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/59.15.1441.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Pharmacoeconomics; Decision making'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles