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Academic literature on the topic 'Pharmacie – Recherche – Dissertation universitaire'
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Journal articles on the topic "Pharmacie – Recherche – Dissertation universitaire"
Martin, Helen M., Barry J. Campbell, C. Anthony Hart, Chiedzo Mpofu, Manu Nayar, Ravinder Singh, Hans Englyst, Helen F. Williams, and Jonathan M. Rhodes. "Enhanced Escherichia coli adherence and invasion in Crohn’s disease and colon cancer 1 1The authors thank Professor T. K. Korhonen (Division of General Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Finland), who kindly donated Escherichia coli IH11165; Professor J.-F. Colombel (Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Maladies Inflammatoire de l’Intestine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Lille, France) and Professor A. Darfeuille-Michaud (Faculte de Pharmacie, Clermont-Ferrand, France), who kindly donated the Crohn’s disease ileal isolates LF10 and LF82; and Dr. Keith Leiper (Gastroenterology Unit, Royal Liverpool & Broadgreen University Hospitals Trust, Liverpool, UK) for his cooperation in obtaining colorectal tissue specimens.As a consequence of the work described herein, a patent application has been filed by the University of Liverpool regarding the use of soluble plantain fiber in Crohn’s disease." Gastroenterology 127, no. 1 (July 2004): 80–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2004.03.054.
Full textWakrim, Soukaina, Laila Lahlou, Radia Chakiri, and Mohammed Bouskraoui. "Motivation à enseigner : enquête auprès des participants du diplôme inter-universitaire en pédagogie médicale de la Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie de Marrakech." Pédagogie Médicale, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/pmed/2022025.
Full textVillain, Cédric, Catherine Passirani, Yamina Gouel, Nicolas Lerolle, Annie BENHAIM, and Emmanuel Touzé. "Mini-entretiens multiples : un outil pour la réforme de l’accès aux études en santé en France." Pédagogie Médicale, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/pmed/2022033.
Full textNowak, Jr, Donald E. "Gambling Disorder in the College Student-Athlete Population: An Overview." Journal of Gambling Issues, no. 39 (September 27, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.4309/jgi.2018.39.8.
Full textVideau, Manon, Suzanne Atkinson, Maxime Thibault, Denis Lebel, and Jean-François Bussières. "Compliance with Recommended Practices for Management of Controlled Substances in a Health Care Facility and Corrective Actions." Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy 72, no. 3 (June 25, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.4212/cjhp.v72i3.2897.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Pharmacie – Recherche – Dissertation universitaire"
Luu, Duc-Nam. "Proposition et formalisation d’un modèle méthodologique pour la mise en place d’une stratégie d’éco-conception ainsi que des outils de déploiement pour son implémentation. Application au domaine de la pharmaceutique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, HESAM, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023HESAE033.
Full textEnvironmental issues take a major place in our modern societies. Human activity contributes to the degradation of the environment and manufacturers have the duty to limit the impact of the solutions they offer and put on the market. Eco-design is one of the approaches of Design for Sustainability which makes it possible to integrate environmental aspects, during the development phases. The penetration of its practices within industrials requires vertical and horizontal integration. Horizontal integration concerns the strategic, tactical and operational aspects while horizontal integration focuses on the aspects of cultural change and human factors. This doctoral thesis focuses on the integration of eco-design within a multinational pharmaceutical company. The objective of the project was to formalize the concepts for its integration in the pharmaceutical industry in order to support the transition of internal eco-design practices in this sector. The variety and complexity of eco-design aspects, as well as both the technical and organizational challenges of the pharmaceutical industry must be taken into account in order to provide a coherent transition approach. The experiments for this work were carried out with a partner, an international pharmaceutical industry, in collaboration with the Arts et Métiers, Paris campus. The work carried out has made it possible to lay the foundations of an eco-design integration model within the pharmaceutical industry, with associated support tools
Azria, Elie. "Sur les voies de la connaissance médicale : de la recherche clinique aux incertitudes de la pratique du soin : A propos de la controverse de l'accouchement des fœtus en présentation du siège." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA11T022.
Full textGrzych, Guillaume. "Étude du profil métabolomique des patients atteints de stéatose hépatique non alcoolique (NASH) : recherche d’hypothèses physiopathologiques et de biomarqueurs." Thesis, Lille 2, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL2S026.
Full textNAFLD (Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease), a major public health issue, is considered thehepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. NAFLD is characterized by liver injury dueto an accumulation of triglycerides in the liver which, when associated with inflammation, canprogress to steatohepatitis (NASH Non-Alcoholic Steato Hepatitis). The molecular mechanismsunderlying the pathogenesis, and particularly the transition from steatosis to NASH, are still poorly understood. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of NASH is necessary to identify potential therapeutic targets and non-invasive markers for the diagnosis and monitoring of the pathology. In this context, metabolomic approaches are promising.Metabolomics is the comprehensive analysis of metabolites in a biological medium, and it complements other "omics" techniques for the study of dynamic biological processes. The objective of this work is to use the metabolomics approach to highlight a particular profile in NASH patients in order to understand the pathophysiology and identify potential biomarkers.For this, we have used two metabolomic approaches: 1/ the targeted approach, on plasma,focusing on two classes of metabolites, amino acids and bile acids, 2/ the non-targeted approach on human plasma and livers (results are pending).In the literature, bile acids (B A) are studied as pathophysiological actors and potential biomarkers in the context of NASH. However, interpretation of many cohort studies is complicated by the close association of NASH with type 2 diabetes (T2D), insulin resistance(IR) and obesity, which are also associated with variations in BA. We therefore sought tounderstand the complex relationship between NASH and BA concentrations, as a function ofT2D status, considering IR and obesity as confounding parameters. Through analysis of BAprofiles in two cohorts (ABOS n=219, RESOLVE n=58) of well-characterized obese patients (histological analysis of liver biopsies, clinical-biological status, well-powered statistically), weshow that plasma BA concentrations are higher in NASH vs. non-NASH patients in both T2Dand non-T2D patients. These increases are dependent on the degree of IR, suggesting that NASH causes AB alterations only in the presence of advanced IR and independently of diabetes status.In the literature, plasma levels of branched-chain AA (BCAA) are associated with obesity, IR,and severity of liver damage in NAFLD. In addition, plasma BCAA concentrations differ between genders, which display different susceptibilities to development of cardiometabolicdisease. We evaluated the association between plasma BCAA concentrations and the severity stages of NAFLD, independent of gender, IR and obesity. In the RESOLVE cohort, 112 obese patients were divided into four groups based on NAFLD severity and matched for gender, BMI,IR, and HbA1c. As expected, a modest positive correlation was observed between BCAAconcentrations and NAFLD severity, as well as a major impact of gender on BCAAconcentrations. Subgroup analysis revealed that while plasma BCAA concentrations increased with the severity of NAFLD in females, they tended to decrease in males, suggesting an impact of gender on the metabolic component of NAFLD. Analysis of other AA in the cohort reveals plasma AA alterations involved in the methionine cycle (serine, cysteine, ...), whose molecular mechanisms are being explored in mouse models. The use of metabolomics has allowed us to better characterize the complex interactions of NASH with IR and sex on BA and AA
Robberecht, Lieven. "Développement d’un simulateur canalaire endodontique pour des applications pédagogiques et de recherche." Thesis, Lille 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL2S073.
Full textEndodontic therapy is often complicated and technically demanding. The “in vitro model” to simulate natural human teeth is highly needed for teaching and training dental students in pre-clinics or dental surgeons in continuing dental education courses. Moreover, remarkable development and research of endodontic technology also requires good model for in vitro performance evaluation prior to use on patients. Different practice models, including extracted human teeth, animal teeth or simulated root canals in epoxy resin blocks, etc., cannot satisfy the specific requirements. The objective of this thesis is to develop a process of fabricating a biomimetic dental root canal model (RCM) with a composition, microstructure and anatomy close to a natural tooth root. In order to overcome the limitations of existing RCMs, a ceramic root canal model (C-RCM) was developed, based on microporous hydroxyapatite (HAp), shaped by the casting method, with internal pulp cavity moulded by stereolithographic technique and finished by resin impregnation (to improve the tactile sensation during endodontic instrumentation). Many properties of this SC were shown comparable to the natural dental root: the same mineral component (HAp), porosity of 0-30%, the pore size of 0.8-5 µm, the good hardness (65-500 HV), the potential of customization of variable canal morphology, the suitable radio-opacity, etc. The pilot study on the evaluation of the application of this C-RCM by dental students was carried out and confirmed that better radiological behaviour for C-RCM than commercial resin RCM. This canal simulator poses no risk of infection, available in large numbers, allowing the objective assessment through its uniformity, therefore, well suits the endodontic practices and presents promising potential for training student or research on new endodontic technology
Frade, Proud'hon-Clerc Sara. "Recherche de nouvelles mutations génétiques à effet majeur dans la maladie de Crohn." Thesis, Lille 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL2S016/document.
Full textThe NOD2 gene, involved in innate immune responses, has been found to be highlyassociated with Crohn’s Disease (CD). EPIMAD multiplex families with three or more CDaffectedmembers were previously reported to be related to a high frequency of NOD2gene mutations : R702W, G908R, and L1007fs. However, some rare EPIMAD CD multiplexfamilies were described without any of the common NOD2 linked-to-disease mutations.In order to identify new genetic variation(s) with amajor effect in CD, whole exomesequencing was performed on available subjects in a multiplex family (F49M), withoutknown common NOD2 mutations and comprising four patients affected with Crohn’s diseaseand three unaffected related subjects on two generations . A rare and, not yet, reportedmissense mutation of the NOD2 gene, N1010K, was detected and co-segregated acrossaffected patients (present in allmembers affectedwith CD and absent in all unaffected familialcontrol subjects). In silico evaluation of the deleterious effect of the mutation and3D modelling highlighted evidences for an adverse effect of the N1010K mutation withregard to the function of the NOD2 protein and the genetic risk of CD.Moreover, N1010Kand L1007fs as a compound heterozygous state in two, more severe CD family membersstrongly suggests that N1010K could be a new risk factor involved in Crohn’s disease geneticsusceptibility.In addition to the characterization of a new rare mutation of the NOD2 gene, 2 otherpotential variants have been identified : the D359H and G33V mutations, respectively, inthe BPIFB2 and DEFB132 genes. The proteins encoded by these genes are involved in thesame pathways : the pathway of defensins and the pathway of the innate immune system.In silico evaluation of the deleterious effect of mutations revealed a potential deleteriouseffect of D359H and G33V mutations. Thus, we could hypothesize that although the two mutations D359H and G33V are located on two different genes but involved in the same signaling pathways, they could act together and determine a cumulative dysfunctional effect also involved as determinants of the familial aggregation of Crohn’s disease in family F49M.Thus, for the F49M family, familial aggregation could be based on the accumulation of several deleterious mutations (N1010K, D359H and G33V)
Lesimple, Gwladys. "Interaction du PEKK et des composites PEKK/FC avec l'eau et le Skydrol." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, HESAM, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023HESAE016.
Full textLightening aircraft remains a major issue for the aeronautics industry. The development of composites with thermoplastic matrices, replacing thermosetting ones, makes it possible to obtain weldable and recyclable materials, with a higher service temperature. This thesis is part of the PSPC HAICoPAS project, led by Hexcel and Arkema, whose goal is to design high-performance thermoplastic matrix composite tapes. The objective of this thesis is to evaluate the impact of water and Skydrol (a hydraulic fluid used in aeronautics) on the properties of CF/PEKK composites (carbon fiber reinforced polyetherketoneketone) and to identify the mechanisms responsible for potential loss of property. To answer this problem, the study concerns both the PEKK matrix alone and the CF/PEKK composite. The water transport mechanisms in the matrix as well as in the composite are determined by gravimetry. The different water transport parameters are measured in a temperature range of 30°C to 70°C, both in water immersion and by DVS, for relative humidities between 10% and 90%. The diffusion of water in the PEKK alone follows a Fick's law while a deviation from this law is visible at long times for the CF/PEKK composite immersed in water. The solubility of water in PEKK follows Henry's law. However, water absorption in the composite, as a function of relative humidity, is modeled by Henry's law coupled with a power law attributed to a “clustering” phenomenon taking place in the microcavities. The mechanical properties of the matrix and of the composite are little affected by water, which essentially induces plasticization of the matrix and which does not seem to affect the fibre/matrix interface. The immersion of CF/PEKK composite in the Skydrol reveals a quantity of fluid absorbed by the crossed composite [0/90] ten times greater than for the unidirectional layup. This result is the consequence of cavities of submicronic size created in the [0/90] composite in the form of decohesions at the fibre/matrix interface. These decohesions are present only at the level of the interply of the cross-ply composites (0/90, ±45° or quasi-isotropic). Their formation is attributed to the thermal shrinkage differential that exists between the carbon fibers and the PEKK matrix, causing a post-consolidation residual stress field upon cooling. These very localized damages do not affect the resulting mechanical properties in ILSS
Wawrzyniak, Clément. "La gestion d’un référentiel commun en situation coopérative de prise de décision : le cas du binôme hospitalier médecin-pharmacien en réunion de révision médicamenteuse." Thesis, Lille 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL2S042.
Full textThis thesis has two distinct objectives. The first is to characterize the medication review process (MRev) from an ergonomics perspective to value and ease its deployment at the hospital. Although there are only rare descriptions of the MRev process in the literature, a few recent French initiatives have shown the MRev as an appropriate response to maximize the patient security. The main results consist of a detailed analysis of the MRev process at the hospital and a set of recommendations for the actors involved in its development at the operational, tactical and strategic levels. The second objective is more theoretical and consists in refining our understanding of cooperative activities within a group in a dynamic decision-making situation, and more specifically in a horizontal, integrative and debatable cooperation. This work especially raises the issue of the concept of common frame of reference. This concept is central in Ergonomics, but its definition and usage are often left up to the readers. To our knowledge, using a similar theoretical and methodological framework, our work is the first to obtain a significant rate of metacooperative activities in this context. The results also prove that the management of a common frame of reference can be defined as an activity dedicated to ensure the compatibility between the partners' cognitive contents more than their strict identity
Cartron, Emmanuelle. "Quelle place pour la décision médicale partagée en contexte de transplantation rénale ? : une recherche par méthodes mixtes sur l’expérience vécue par les patients." Thesis, Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NANT1018.
Full textAlthough kidney transplantation provides a significant benefit over dialysis, question regarding the eligibility for transplantation, the impact of replacement treatment on their lives, make the mode of renal replacement therapy a difficult decision. Therefore, Health Authority suggests shared decision-making to help patients make timely treatment modality decision. Little is known about how patient perceive their participation in the shared decision-making process. This research aims to explore the experience of patients and the factors that influence them in decision-making situations, as well as to evaluate the impact of this experience on their future. This research is based on a mixed methods research (QUANTI > quali). It combines an interpretive phenomenological analysis and an observational study design to measure decisional conflict perceived by patients on the waiting list and to explore the factors that influence decision regret, quality of life and adherence among transplant recipients. This study reports that the experience of waiting list was identified as a necessary step in their pathway. They experienced as an implicit decision that shapes patients' attitudes towards other decisions and influences their ability to cope with the uncertainty of living with chronic kidney disease. The challenge of considering all stages of shared medical decision making is major in the context of kidney transplantation to support patient participation decision
Bergeron, Sandrine. "Microhémorragies cérébrales et cognition : impact fonctionnel à court, moyen et long termes dans un modèle murin." Thesis, Lille 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL2S048.
Full textIn magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cerebral microbleeds (CMB) appear as small, oval hypointense lesions corresponding to focal hemosiderin depositions. CMB prevalence in the general population is about 15,3%. Considered as biomarkers of small vessel diseases, CMBs are more frequent in people with cognitive impairments or dementia with a prevalence of 23% in A.lzheimer disease (AD). Several population-based studies show an effect of CMBs on cognitive functions. They could have a key role in AD pathophysiology creating a link between amyloid and vascular hypothesis. However, their cognitive impact in AD remains unclear. A new murine model of cortical microhemorrhage (CMH) has been developed in order to study with a multimodal approach, the functional impact of the cortical lesion: i) in Wild type (WT) mice without any underlying pathology, ii) in transgenic J20 mice expressing the human mutated amyloid protein precursor (APP). The effect of a pharmacological modulation by atorvastatin was also studied in this model._x000D_10 weeks-old male mice, WT and APP were operated by stereotaxic injection of collagenase 0.8 µUI/µL to induce the CMH. 24 hours after surgery, mice underwent MRI acquisition (T2* sequence) to visualize the bleeding. Mice were divided into sham, CMH and CMH treated by atorvastatin groups. Atorvastatin was administered by mixing a tablet into the mice’s standard chow at a dose of 5mg/kg/day and initiated after surgery. Follow-up included a neurobehavioral assessment (locomotor activity, anxiety, working memory, special reference memory, visiospatial memory), imaging (tesla MRI 7, positron emission tomography), and immunohistochemistry at different time from 1,5 months to 12 months post-surgery.An initial WT mice cohort assessed at 6 weeks post-surgery demonstrated an impact of CMH on anxiety, spatial reference and visuospatial memory. An improvement in cognition performances was depicted under atorvastatin indicating this CMH-model is sensitive to pharmacological modulation.A longitudinal follow-up on WT and APP groups was performed assessing cognitive performances at 1.5, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months post-surgery. In WT mice, the CMH group showed a decreased level of anxiety and an impaired spatial reference memory at 1.5 months. Cognitive impairment was also found at 9 and 12 months in this group. This study did not allow to conclude in a precipitating or aggravating effect of the CMH in APP mice. The treatment by atorvastatin seemed to have a positive effect on cognition in both WT and APP mice. A decreased volume of ipsilateral hippocampus was observed in all APP and WT groups at 12 months. No difference in metabolism of brain structures was found.It is hypothesized that either the presence of CMB or the cerebrovascular damages underlying their occurrence may cause cognitive impairment. This study proved that isolated CMH can affect cognitive functions in WT mice, regardless of any underlying vascular pathology. It is likely that the burden of neurodegenerative lesions exceeds the cognitive impact of the CMH in APP mice. Atorvastatin seems to have a neuroprotective effect
Houzé, de l'Aulnoit Agathe. "Acquisition du rythme cardiaque fœtal et analyse de données pour la recherche de facteurs prédictifs de l’acidose fœtale." Thesis, Lille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL2S007.
Full textVisual analysis of the fetal heart rate FHR is a good method for screening for fetal hypoxia but is not sufficiently specific. The visual morphological analysis of the FHR during labor is subject to inter- and intra-observer variability – particularly when the FHR is abnormal. Underestimating the severity of an FHR leads to undue risk-taking for the fetus with an increase in morbidity and mortality and overvaluation leads to unnecessary obstetric intervention with an increased rate of caesarean section. This last point also induces a French public health problem.FHR automated analysis reduces inter and intra-individual variability and accesses other calculated parameters aimed at increasing the diagnostic value. The FHR morphological analysis parameters (baseline, number of accelerations, number and typing of decelerations, long-term variability (LTV)) were described as well as others such as the decelerations surfaces, short-term variability (STV) and frequency analyzes. Nevertheless, when attempting to analyze the FHR automatically, the main problem is computation of the baseline against which all the other parameters are determined.Automatic analysis provides information on parameters that cannot be derived in a visual analysis and that are likely to improve screening for fetal acidosis during labor.The main objective of the thesis is to establish a predictive model of fetal acidosis from a FHR automated analysis. The secondary objective is to determine the relevance of the classical basic parameters (CNGOF 2007) (baseline, variability, accelerations, decelerations) and that of other parameters inaccessible to the eye (indices of short-term variability, surfaces of decelerations, frequency analysis ...). Later, we want to identify decision criteria that will help in the obstetric care management.We propose to validate FHR automated analysis during labor through a case-control study; cases were FHR recordings of neonatal acidosis (arterial cord pH less than or equal to 7.15) and controls, FHR recordings of neonatal without acidosis (arterial cord pH upper than or equal to 7.25). This is a monocentric study at the maternity hospital of Saint Vincent de Paul Hospital, GHICL - Lille, on our « Well Born » database (digital archiving of RCF plots since 2011), with a sufficient number of cases on this only center. Since 2011, the Saint Vincent de Paul hospital (GHICL) has had about 70 cases per year of neonatal acidosis (pHa less than or equal to 7.10) (3.41%). The R software will be used for statistical analysis