Journal articles: 'Pharmaceutical and herbal'

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Salahshour, Babak, Sajjad Sadeghi, Hajar Nazari, and Kambiz Soltaninejad. "Determining Undeclared Synthetic Pharmaceuticals as Adulterants in Weight Loss Herbal Medicines." International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine 10, no. 1 (March 19, 2020): 26253. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/ijmtfm.v10i1.26253.

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Background: The popularity and use of herbal medicines and supplements are growing worldwide. Herbal anti-obesity products have been considered as suitable alternatives to synthetic pharmaceuticals as they are introduced as harmless natural products. However, some manufacturers often add undeclared synthetic pharmaceuticals to the anti-obesity herbal medicine products to improve their efficacy and potency. The present study aimed to analyze herbal weight loss products collected from the drug market in Bojnurd City, Iran.Methods: Ninety-six herbal drug samples, as weight loss products, were obtained from herb shops and pharmacies in Bojnurd City, Iran. All samples were analyzed to detect undeclared active pharmaceutical ingredients using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques.Results: Caffeine, trimethoxyamphetamine, and vitamin E were identified in herbal weight loss products. Caffeine was detected in 21.8% of the obtained samples, as the most common undeclared active pharmaceutical adulterant. Conclusion: Undeclared active pharmaceutical ingredients in herbal weight loss products could threaten patients’ health. Thus, it is necessary to create awareness through health authorities in this regard.

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Shiri-Ghaleh, Vida, Mehrdad Moradi, and Kambiz Soltaninejad. "Determination of Common Pharmaceutical Adulterants in Herbal Medicinal Products Used in the Treatment of Opioid Addiction." International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine 9, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 243–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/ijmtfm.v9i4.26310.

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Background: Opioid addiction is a serious and growing global concern. Recently, herbal medicine has been popular for the treatment of opioid abusers worldwide. Unfortunately, the adulteration of herbal remedies with undeclared synthetic pharmaceuticals has been reported. In Iran, there are few reports on the adulteration of herbal remedies by synthetic pharmaceuticals sold as opioid addiction treatment. The aim of this study was to analyze herbal products used in opioid addiction treatment for the identification of synthetic pharmaceuticals as adulterants in the remedies.Methods: Forty commonly-used handmade herbal products for the treatment of opioid addiction were collected from herbal shops in Kermanshah (western area of Iran). After organoleptic examinations, the samples were prepared and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for detecting probable synthetic pharmaceutical adulterants.Results: The chromatographic analysis of the samples showed that 90% of the products had at least one undeclared pharmaceutical ingredient as an adulterant. The majority of the samples (n=19, 47.5%) had only one undeclared pharmaceutical. Diphenoxylate (n=24, 39.3%), tramadol (n=16, 26.2), methadone (n=8, 13.2%), and the combination of these drugs were reported as common adulterants. We detected the presence of buprenorphine and sildenafil as adulterating agents in the herbal formulations for the first time.Conclusion: According to the presence of undeclared synthetic pharmaceuticals in opioid addiction herbal products, as well as their threats to public health, awareness, in this case, is necessary.

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Moulin, Anne-Marie. "The herbal pharmaceutical industry in India." médecine/sciences 32, no. 10 (October 2016): 895–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/20163210024.

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Bhattacharya, Rupa, M. Pharm, Shubham Borkar, and Ayasha P. Sathawane. "Current Review on Herbal Pharmaceutical Binders." Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Technology 11, no. 4 (2019): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0975-4377.2019.00048.x.

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Lu, Chia-Ming, Mei-Ling Hou, Lie-Chwen Lin, and Tung-Hu Tsai. "Chemical and Physical Methods to Analyze a Multicomponent Traditional Chinese Herbal Prescription Using LC-MS/MS, Electron Microscope, and Congo Red Staining." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/952796.

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This study develops several chemical and physical methods to evaluate the quality of a traditional Chinese formulation, Jia-Wei-Xiao-Yao-San. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) coupled with electrospray ionization was used to measure the herbal biomarkers of saikosaponin A, saikosaponin D, ferulic acid, and paeoniflorin from this herbal formula. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) and light microscopy photographs with Congo red staining were used to identify the cellulose fibers if raw herbal powder had been added to the herbal pharmaceutical product. Moreover, water solubility and crude fiber content examination were used to inspect for potential herbal additives to the herbal pharmaceutical products. The results demonstrate that the contents of the herbal ingredients of saikosaponin A, saikosaponin D, ferulic acid, and paeoniflorin were around 0.351 ± 0.017, 0.136 ± 0.010, 0.140 ± 0.005, and 2.281 ± 0.406 mg/g, respectively, for this herbal pharmaceutical product. The physical examination data demonstrate that the raw herbal powder had rough, irregular, lumpy, filamentous, and elongated shapes, as well as strong Congo red staining. In addition, water solubility and crude fiber content were not consistent in the herbal pharmaceutical products.

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Alexieva, Iordanka N., Aneta T. Popova, and Dasha Sp Mihaylova. "Trends in herbal usage – a survey study." Food Research 4, no. 2 (November 30, 2019): 500–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.4(2).346.

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Folk medicine is quite common for primary health care in Bulgaria, and the tradition of plant usage is of importance for the development of pharmaceutical formulations. The objective of this study was to provide up-to-date information regarding trends in herbal usage among citizens in the city of Plovdiv, Bulgaria. The study involved 114 respondents for a period of 60 calendar days in 2018. Chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) were the most popular plants among the respondents. The common cold is the most frequent example for seeking herbals and other botanicals. Herbal teas are most preferred when it comes to daily consumption. Answers also revealed plants used in households; reasons for herbal consumption, and opinions on common statements concerning herbal stereotypes.

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Bilia, Anna Rita. "1968–2008: 40 Years of Franco F. Vincieri's Natural Products Research." Natural Product Communications 3, no. 12 (December 2008): 1934578X0800301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x0800301201.

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This paper presents an overview of Prof. Vincieri's accomplishments in his career as a researcher in the field of pharmacognosy (pharmaceutical biology), analytical phytochemistry and pharmaceutical technology applied to herbal drug preparations at the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences of the University of Florence. This article is a recognition of his valuable contributions to these research fields, especially for his outstanding and innovative interdisciplinary studies on the quality control of herbal drugs, herbal drug preparations, herbal medicinal products, botanical food supplements, and some “special foods” such as grapes, wines, olives and olive oil.

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Lacatusu, Ioana, Teodora Alexandra Iordache, Mirela Mihaila, Dan Eduard Mihaiescu, Anca Lucia Pop, and Nicoleta Badea. "Multifaced Role of Dual Herbal Principles Loaded-Lipid Nanocarriers in Providing High Therapeutic Efficacity." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 9 (September 18, 2021): 1511. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13091511.

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Although many phytochemicals have been used in traditional medicine, there is a great need to refresh the health benefits and adjust the shortcomings of herbal medicine. In this research, two herbal principles (Diosgenin and Glycyrrhiza glabra extract) coopted in the Nanostructured Lipid Carriers have been developed for improving the most desirable properties of herbal medicine—antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. The contribution of phytochemicals, vegetable oils and of lipid matrices has been highlighted by comparative study of size, stability, entrapment efficiency, morphological characteristics, and thermal behavior. According to the in vitro MTS and RTCA results, the dual herbal-NLCs were no cytotoxic toward endothelial cells at concentrations between 25 and 100 µg/mL. A rapid release of Glycyrrhiza glabra and a motivated delay of Diosgenin was detected by the in vitro release experiments. Dual herbal-NLCs showed an elevated ability to annihilate long-life cationic radicals (ABTS•+) and short-life oxygenated radicals (an inhibition of 63.4% ABTS•+, while the ability to capture radical oxygen species reached 96%). The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines was significantly inhibited by the newly herbals-NLC (up to 97.9% inhibition of TNF-α and 62.5% for IL-6). The study may open a new pharmacotherapy horizon; it provides a comprehensive basis for the use of herbal-NLC in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

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Saju, Fels, and Chinju M. Sivaraman. "Scope of herbal mucilage in pharmaceutical formulations. A review." Herba Polonica 67, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 46–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hepo-2021-0001.

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Summary The aim of the article was to obtain maximum information about plant mucilage, its sources and applications in the pharmaceutical industry. This study focuses on the scientific articles and books available in Internet resources and college library that deal with the sources, applications, extraction and isolation of plant mucilage. Mucilage is obtained mainly from plant sources and can be isolated easily. Due to the low cost, easy availability, non-toxicity, non-irritancy, and biocompatibility, mucilage is of great demand in the field of pharmaceuticals. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L., Trigonella foenum-graecum L., Abelmoschus esculentus L, Plantago ovata Forssk. and Aloe barbadensis L. are some common sources of mucilage. The isolation methods vary depending on the part of the plant where mucilage is present. It is commonly used as gelling agent, suspending agent, binder, and disintegrant. Since it is hydrophilic in nature, chances of deterioration are higher. In this review, different mucilage sources and their isolation methods are discussed in detail. Mucilage is used as excipient in many formulations of tablets, suspensions, gels, etc. The study explores the potential of plant mucilage as an excipient in pharmaceutical formulations. The biodegradable and biocompatible properties of this inexpensive excipient make it more favourable for the newer formulation development.

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Tyler, Varro E. "Herbal Remedies." Journal of Pharmacy Technology 11, no. 5 (September 1995): 214–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/875512259501100510.

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Objective: To provide an overview of basic information required by pharmacists to advise patients on the proper use of selected herbs and phytomedicines (“dietary supplements”) as therapeutic agents. Data Sources: The vast literature on this topic in the English, German, and French languages has been researched by the author over a period of many years. Databases that were used include NAPRALERT and MEDLINE. Study Selection: Articles and books dealing with the current popularity of botanical medicine and with laws and regulations covering so-called dietary supplements, as well as information on selected toxic herbs and a few of the most popular beneficial herbs used for treating common ailments and syndromes. Data Synthesis: Studies suggest that many herbal products currently available are both safe and effective drugs. A few products on the US market are definitely unsafe for human consumption and use. Conclusions: The increasing popularity of botanicals, coupled with regulations that prohibit definitive labeling, requires pharmacists to acquire accurate information based on scientifically and clinically acceptable data to advise patients on their use. Useful remedies for several common ailments and information concerning their safety and usefulness provide a starting point for an understanding of this complex field.

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Petrović, Silvana. "Herbal and traditional Herbal Medicinal Products, EU Herbal monographs and EU list." Arhiv za farmaciju 69, no. 4 (2019): 221–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/arhfarm1904221p.

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Mustarichie, Resmi, Danni Ramdhani, and Wiwiek Indriyati. "ANALYSIS OF FORBIDDEN PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOUINDS IN ANTIRHEUMATIC JAMU." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 4 (April 1, 2017): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i4.16101.

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Objective:To determine forbidden (by law) pharmaceutical compounds in antirheumatic jamu.)Methods: Analysis of forbidden pharmaceutical ingredients into jamu was carried out by using the color reaction, thin layer chromatography and densitometry. Color reactions included organoleptic, solubility test and the color reaction, TLC using a stationary phase of silica gel GF 254 and a mobile phase of chloroform; acetone (80:20) was then measured with a densitometer.Results: Found from 7 herbal anti-rheumatic known in the market, three of which were synthetic compounds containing paracetamol and dexamethasone additions on one of them. Conclusion: There was a synthetic drug that was added to the herbal medicine namely jamu sold in the community The obtained results suggest that the authorities more intensively to monitor the manufacture and distribution of jamu and herbal medicines Keywords: AntirheumaticJamu, herbal medicine, TLC, Densitometer, paracetamol, dexamethasone

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Aziz Ur Rahman, Muhammad Owais, and Irfan Ansari. "Heavy metals assay of herbal pharmaceutical effluent." International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Archive 1, no. 2 (May 30, 2021): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijbpsa.2021.1.2.0037.

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Environmental pollution particularly from heavy metals in effluent is the gravest problem in developing countries like Pakistan. Effluents of Herbal Pharmaceutical are waste water generated during Herbal Medicines manufacturing process. When these effluents deprived of appropriate treatment are released directly into the environment, results in potential adverse effects on human health and the environment. This research work examined the heavy metals parameters of effluents discharged by Herbal pharmaceutical industry in Karachi, Pakistan. In all, 08 parameters were studied. These include Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ag and Pb. The study revealed that ranges of Ag and Fe were exceeding the allowable limit of WHO (World Health Organization) and NEQS (National Environmental Quality Standards). This calls for an immediate use of latest treatment plants to decrease the harmfulness that results from waste water.

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Jensen, Clyde B. "Clinical Trials of Herbal and Pharmaceutical Products." Alternative and Complementary Therapies 4, no. 1 (February 1998): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/act.1998.4.30.

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Suthar, Surindra, and Deepika Singh. "Phytotoxicity of composted herbal pharmaceutical industry wastes." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 19, no. 7 (May 31, 2012): 3054–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-012-0985-y.

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Singh, Deepika, and Surindra Suthar. "Vermicomposting of herbal pharmaceutical industry solid wastes." Ecological Engineering 39 (February 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2011.10.015.

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Fecka, Izabela. "Development of Chromatographic Methods for Determination of Agrimoniin and Related Polyphenols in Pharmaceutical Products." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 92, no. 2 (March 1, 2009): 410–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/92.2.410.

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Abstract Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and liquid chromatography (LC) methods were developed for the qualitative and quantitative determination of agrimoniin, pedunculagin, ellagic acid, gallic acid, and catechin in selected herbal medicinal products from Rosaceae: Anserinae herba, Tormentillae rhizoma, Alchemillae herba, Agrimoniae herba, and Fragariae folium. Unmodified silica gel (TLC Si60, HPTLC LiChrospher Si60) and silica gel chemically modified with octadecyl or aminopropyl groups (HPTLC RP18W and HPTLC NH2) were used for TLC. The best resolution and selectivity were achieved with the following mobile phases: diisopropyl etheracetoneformic acidwater (40 30 20 10, v/v/v/v), tetrahydrofuranacetonitrilewater (30 10 60, v/v/v), and acetoneformic acid (60 40, v/v). Concentrations of the studied herbal drugs were determined by using a Chromolith Performance RP-18e column with acetonitrilewaterformic acid as the mobile phase. Determinations of linearity, range, detection and quantitation limits, accuracy, precision, and robustness showed that the HPLC method was sufficiently precise for estimation of the tannins and related polyphenols mentioned above. Investigations of suitable solvent selection, sample extraction procedure, and short-time stability of analytes at storage temperatures of 4 and 20C were also performed. The percentage of agrimoniin in pharmaceutical products was between 0.57 and 3.23.

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Sitre, S. R., and S. Satyanarayan. "Toxicity evaluation of herbal pharmaceutical wastewater to the freshwater crustacean Cypris spp." Water Science and Technology 63, no. 7 (April 1, 2011): 1441–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.327.

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In India a large number of pharmaceutical industries are manufacturing drugs of complex type subsequently producing huge quantities of wastewaters. The herbal pharmaceutical industries are one of them which manufacture various herbal medicines from natural products and certain chemicals and metal combinations. During their manufacturing process a large number of toxicants enter the watercourse harming the biota of the receiving water bodies. Zooplankton organisms being at the base of the food chain if affected, will subsequently affect the fisheries potential at large, harming the interest of man. Keeping this point in view a herbal pharmaceutical manufacturing industry based at Nagpur was selected for investigation with respect to assessing its toxic effect on the freshwater crustacean Cypris spp. during short duration toxicity tests. This research paper discusses in detail the bioassay evaluation of raw, neutralized and physico-chemically treated herbal pharmaceutical effluent for arriving at a concentration safe for the Cypris spp.

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Dighe, NS, SA Nirmal, DS Musmade, and VV Dhasade. "Herbal database management." Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy 1, no. 2 (2010): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0975-8453.75067.

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Rojas, Patricia, Elizabeth Ruiz-Sánchez, Camilo Ríos, Ángel Ruiz-Chow, and Aldo A. Reséndiz-Albor. "A Health Risk Assessment of Lead and Other Metals in Pharmaceutical Herbal Products and Dietary Supplements Containing Ginkgo biloba in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16 (August 5, 2021): 8285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168285.

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The use of the medicinal plant Ginkgo biloba has increased worldwide. However, G. biloba is capable of assimilating both essential and toxic metals, and the ingestion of contaminated products can cause damage to health. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety of manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and cadmium (Cd) in 26 items containing Ginkgo biloba (pharmaceutical herbal products, dietary supplements, and traditional herbal remedies) purchased in the metropolitan area of Mexico City. Metal analysis was performed using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer. All of the products were contaminated with Pb, 54% of them with As, and 81% with Cd. The lowest values of Pb, As, and Cd were detected in pharmaceutical herbal products > dietary supplements > traditional herbal remedies. The daily intake dose (DID) of pharmaceutical herbal products was within the established limits for the five metals. Dietary supplements and traditional herbal remedies exceeded the DID limits for Pb. The hazard quotients estimation and non-carcinogenic cumulative hazard estimation index for Mn, As, and Cd indicated no human health risk. Our results suggest that products containing G. biloba for sale in Mexico are not a health risk.

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Rashid, Md Abdur. "Current Herbal News Vol. 25(2)." Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25, no. 2 (July 30, 2022): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v25i2.61129.

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Rashid, Md Abdur. "Current Herbal News Vol. 25(2)." Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25, no. 2 (July 30, 2022): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v25i2.61129.

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Rashid, Md Abdur. "Herbal Medicine News Vol.26(1)." Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 26, no. 1 (January 31, 2023): 121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v26i1.64235.

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Jairoun, Ammar A., Sabaa Saleh Al-Hemyari, Moyad Shahwan, and Sa’ed H. Zyoud. "Adulteration of Weight Loss Supplements by the Illegal Addition of Synthetic Pharmaceuticals." Molecules 26, no. 22 (November 16, 2021): 6903. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226903.

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Weight loss supplements that have illegal additives of pharmaceutical drugs or analogues have additional health risks, and customers may not be aware of what they are taking. This research is an essential investigation and quantification of illegally added pharmaceuticals or prescription medications, specifically fluoxetine, phenolphthalein, and sibutramine, in herbal weight loss supplements offered for sale in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). In this case, 137 weight loss supplements were collected and analyzed in this study. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with UV absorption detection coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (RP-HPLC-MS/MS) analyses were used to determine the presence of the pharmaceutical chemicals. Among the weight loss supplements, 15.3% (95% CI: 9.2–21.4) contained undeclared sibutramine, 13.9% (95% CI: 8.01–19.7) contained undeclared phenolphthalein, and 5.1% (95% CI: 1.4–8.8) contained undeclared fluoxetine. Amongst all weight loss supplements, 17.5% (95% CI: 11.07–24) contained significant concentrations of either sibutramine, phenolphthalein, or fluoxetine. Whilst weight loss herbal supplements offered for sale in the UAE have relatively low percentages of undeclared pharmaceuticals, many people take several different supplements daily and may encounter quite high levels of combined exposure to toxic compounds.

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Mosihuzzaman, Mohammed. "Herbal Medicine in Healthcare-An Overview." Natural Product Communications 7, no. 6 (June 2012): 1934578X1200700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1200700628.

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It is generally accepted by all concerned that modern pharmaceuticals will remain out of reach of many people and ‘health for all’ may only be realized by the use of adequately assessed herbal products. Mankind has been using herbal medicine for healing right from the beginning of human civilization. With the advent of ‘modern medicine’ herbal products have been looked down upon, especially by western societies. Yet, in recent times, use of herbal medicine for heathcare has increased steadily all over the world. However, serious concerns are being realized regarding the safety, claimed efficacy and quality of herbal products used as herbal medicine, nutraceuticals, health food and cosmetics. Although herbal products are generally considered safe due to their age-old usage, significant side effects have been reported for many herbal products, including herbal medicine. Accidental contamination and intentional adulteration are considered as primary reasons for the side effects. The historical perspective and the philosophy of herbal medical practice along with its present status in the light of present day science have been reviewed and included in the present article. Assurance of safety by identification of contaminants and assessment of toxicity has been outlined. Assessment of claimed efficacy of herbal medicine is difficult due to its holistic approach. Practical ways of assessing efficacy of herbal medicine by adapting the methodologies used for modern pharmaceutical are described. The maintenance of standard of herbal medicine has been stressed and pragmatic approaches of assuring quality of herbal medicine by using modern tools of fingerprinting the chemical profile of herbal medicine are discussed. As much of the traditional herbal medical knowledge is scattered around the world at the family and community levels, and more so in the indigeneous people, the knowledge base is continuously being lost and so needs immediate documentation. Difficulties in documentation due to concerns of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) have been highlighted.

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Nandy, Tapas, S. N. Kaul, and L. Szpyrkowicz. "Treatment of herbal pharmaceutical wastewater with energy recovery." International Journal of Environmental Studies 54, no. 2 (March 1998): 83–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207239808711142.

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Sachan, Anupam Kumar, Garima Vishnoi, and Roopak Kumar. "Need of standardization of herbal medicines in Modern era." International Journal of Phytomedicine 8, no. 3 (November 9, 2016): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.5138/09750185.1847.

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<p>The medicinal plants are important source for pharmaceutical manufacturing. Medicinal plants & herbal medicines account for a significant percentage of the pharmaceutical market. As the side effects of Synthetic medicine have started getting more apparent, majority of formulation are prepared from herbs. The herbal medicines however, suffer from lack of standardization parameters. The main limitation is the lack of standardization of raw materials, of processing methods and of the final products, dosage formulation, and the non existence of criteria for quality control. It is necessary to introduce measures on the regulation of herbal medicines to ensure quality, safety, efficacy of herbal medicines by using modern techniques, applying suitable standards & GMP.</p>

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Padmaja, Deepa, and Nagappan Kannappan. "Standardization of traditionally designed neutraceutical." International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 1, no. 9 (August 4, 2012): 288–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i9.11621.

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Plants are the rich source of a variety of chemicals with nutritive and therapeutic properties. The pharmacological activities of allopathic drugs are now decreased before the herbal potency. Now most of the pharmaceutical companies are focusing in this area. The Indian pharmaceutical industry is definitely looking forward to a tremendous herbal marketing. The traditionally designed neutraceutical is an Ayurvedic herbal formulation; consist of Brahmi, Tulsi, and other ingredients in powder form. This neutraceutical is proved for its antibacterial and antioxidant activity. Standardization of the traditionally designed neutraceutical is compared with the marketed product. The uses of medicinal plants are increased in developing nations. Nations like India, is a rich source of Ayurvedic plants. Government of India is also promoting the member states to formulate national policies on traditional medicine. Quality assurance is an integral part of traditional medicine. A comprehensive specification must be developed for each herbal drug preparation based on recent scientific data.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i9.11621 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 1(9): 288-293

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Bomfim, José Henrique Gialongo Gonçales. "Pharmaceutical Care in Sports." Pharmacy 8, no. 4 (November 16, 2020): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy8040218.

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Pharmaceutical care in sports is a new field of work to clinical pharmacists, focused on promoting pharmacotherapeutic follow up and clinical services to athletes, physical activity practitioners and enthusiasts of any sports modality. A broad range of pharmaceuticals, dietary supplements and herbal drugs have been used historically as performance promoters, doping or ergogenic aids. In this context, the role of pharmacists in prevent adverse events, drug interactions or any drug related problems, as doping issues, was described. Its actions can be important to contribute with a multi professional clinical health team, leading athletes to use these resources in a rational way, promoting and optimizing the therapeutic when its necessary.

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Baskar, Viswanathan, Salim Meeran I., Subramani A., Sruthi ., Jawahar Ali, and Shabeer T. K. "HISTORIC REVIEW ON MODERN HERBAL NANOGEL FORMULATION AND DELIVERY METHODS." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 10 (October 1, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2018v10i10.23071.

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Chemistry deals with herbal constituents are often coined as phytochemistry. Herbal constituents have profound improvements in drug discovery for several existing diseases. Many of these constituents are restricted from pharmaceutical discoveries due to two important reasons: pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. There are many new technological strategies and comparisons have been studied to improve the herbal discoveries in the pharmaceutical market. This review paper will highlight historical evidence of nanogels which is the most important strategy applied to several herbal medicines with high patience compliance, delivery rate, and efficiency. Nanogels are nanoparticles combined with cross-linked polymer networks with desirable features to carry hydrophilic or hydrophobic drugs in a more stable condition. Nanogels are highly preferred substances for herbal medicine in terms of stability and rapid response to the external stimuli factors. Nanogel can facilitate the herbal products with higher cellular penetration than existing and hence, it proves to be the new dimension for both oral and transdermal drug delivery for several unmet diseases like cancer, diabetes, and chronic disorders. By the way, including the recent technological constituents to herbal drugs, it can possess high bioavailability, low toxicity and enhance the sustained release mechanism with suitable delivery modes.

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Soundharya, R., Satarupa Mukherjee, V. Aruna, GV Amruthavalli, T. Kalpana, and R. Gayathri. "Immune- wellness and Herbal Preparations." Journal of Medical Research 5, no. 2 (May 26, 2019): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/jmr.2019.52010.

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Immune boosting cum wellness benefits of five proprietary siddha drugs such as Aforte, Pesin, Bekay, Caratole and Hista Block tablets were studied. All the above drugs increased the population abundance of Lactobacillus acidophilus. In vitro suggest the possibility of facilitating the probiotic environment in the gut and associated pharmaceutical benefits of probiotics. There is a dip in the population abundance of probiotics is known in several auto immune diseases such as Psoriasis, Vitiligo etc. All the above drug tested were indicated for vitiligo, psoriasis and other auto immune diseases. The new therapeutic benefit of the above drugs along with scientifically proven benefits suggest that these drugs besides having pharmaceutical benefits also may help in auto correction of the system (Tridosha) thereby help to achieve wellness as well besides treatment. This is the first finding on the possible mechanism action of siddha drugs in achieving wellness and details are presented in the paper.

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Toktonalieva, N., and I. Toktonaliev. "Studying the Attitude of Pharmaceutical Workers of the Kyrgyz Republic to Medicinal Products of Plant Origin." Bulletin of Science and Practice 6, no. 8 (August 15, 2020): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/57/10.

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Herbal medicines currently widely used for the treatment and prevention of various diseases. Their share now is about 30% among all medicines and will only increase in the future. Therefore, every year the range of herbal remedies is expanding in pharmacies. At the same time, concerns about safety regarding the widespread use of herbal medicines among healthcare workers have increased, as the Kyrgyz population still believes that herbal medicines are safe and have a mild effect on the body. Our study aimed at assessing the knowledge, attitudes and practices of pharmacists in the field of herbal medicines. This article presents the results of a questionnaire survey conducted among pharmaceutical workers of the Kyrgyz Republic. The research materials used specially designed questionnaires, including the demographic characteristics of the participants, their knowledge, perception, attitude to the use of herbal remedies, and included issues of the effectiveness and safety of herbal medicines. In the course of the study, pharmacoepidemiological, sociological research methods and an expert assessment method used. The results of the study showed that the majority of pharmacists consider herbal medicine effective and safe, and noted that providing reliable information when dispensing herbal preparations is their professional responsibility.

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Rathod, Rucha, and Raman R. Chandak. "Review on “Standardization an Imp Tool for Herbal Drug Development”." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 6-s (December 15, 2019): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i6-s.3784.

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The medicinal plants are important source for pharmaceutical manufacturing. Medicinal plants & herbal medicines account for a significant percentage of the pharmaceutical market. There is increasing awareness and general acceptability of the use of herbal drugs in today’s medical practice although most of these applications are not scientific. Herbal medicines are not a simple task since many factors influence the biological efficacy and Reproducible therapeutic effect. So it is necessary to improve safety of herbal drugs by developing certain quality control parameters & by following the WHO guidelines for herbal medicines. This review seeks to enlighten the need to establish quality parameters for collection, handling, processing and production of herbal medicine as well as employ such parameters in ensuring the safety of the global herbal market. It is necessary to introduce measures on the regulation of herbal medicines to ensure quality, safety, efficacy of herbal medicines by using modern suitable standards & GMP. The processes of good quality assurance and standardization of herbal medicines and products using various spectroscopic, chromatographic and electrophoretic methods were also discussed. In fact, the research field of quality control of herbal medicines is really an interdisciplinary research. It needs crossover of chemistry, pharmacology, medicine and even statistics to provide a platform for the quality control of traditional herbal medicines and further to discover the novel therapeutics composed of multiple chemical compounds. Keywords: Herbal drugs, Adulteration, Standardization, Chromatography, Electrophoresis, HP-LC and GC-MS.

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Schiopu, T. A., M. D. Brumarel, A. I. Peschin, and S. B. Adauji. "Рarticipation of pharmacists in managing the use of herbal medicines by the elderly." Social Pharmacy in Health Care 8, no. 4 (December 19, 2022): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24959/sphhcj.22.270.

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Recent data indicate that the pharmaceutical market for herbal medicines continues to grow steadily, and this enables pharmacists to improve their professional skills in managing the treatment of the elderly with herbal medicines and identify potential problems associated with their use. Aim. To study the practice of using herbal medicines among elderly patients from the pharmacist’s point of view and identify specific recommendations of pharmacists in managing the use of herbal medicines. Materials and methods. A descriptive design study was conducted; the main research tool was a questionnaire for pharmacists. Results. Pharmacists’ responses indicate that the use of herbal medicines in the elderly is common, herbal preparations are used mainly for treating chronic diseases, and in most cases elderly patients associate the quality of treatment with the co-use of traditional medicines with herbal ones; often older patients also have false information about the requested herbal medicines. This means the need for pharmacists to monitor and supervise the use of herbal medicines by the elderly, special attention should be paid to the results of drug-herbal interactions and to regular updating of knowledge in the field of geriatric pharmaceutical care oriented to herbal therapy. Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, the problems associated with the use of herbal medicines in the elderly have been described, and some specific recommendations for pharmacists related to the treatment with herbal medicines in the elderly have been proposed.

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Kapoor, B. B. S., and Sunil Kumar. "Ethnomedicinal Plants of Barmer District, Rajasthan Used in Herbal and Folk Remedies." Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Research 1, no. 03 (September 30, 2013): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30750/ijpbr.1.3.11.

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The Barmer district a part of Thar Desert is very rich in herbal plant wealth. The herbal plants of this region have great potential to be used in drug and pharmaceutical industries. These herbal plants have been used by local people, tribal communities, vendors, native doctors such as Ojhas, Bhagats Bhopas and experts of Ayurvedic fields since long time in herbal and folk remedies. Kalbelia, Nats, Bhils, Raika, Bhopas, Banjara, Gadolia-Lohar Langa and Manganiars communities of this district have a rich knowledge of plants based traditional medicines. Ethnomedicinal plants like Aristolochia bracteolata Lamk., Calligonum polygonoides Linn., Cardiospermum halicacabum Linn., Clerodendrum phlomoidis Linn., Evolvulus alsinoides Linn., Grewia tenax (Forsk.) Fiori., Maytenus emarginata (Willd.) Ding Hau., Mollugo Cerviana (Linn.) Seringe. Neurada procumbens Linn., Ocimum americanum Linn., Peganum harmala Linn., Pergularia daemia (Forsk) Chiov., Portulaca oleracea Linn., Sarcostemma acidum (Roxb.) Voigt. and Trianthema portulacastrum Linn. have been selected for this research work.The present investigation is aimed to create awareness about the ethnomedicinal value of the plants and their uses to draw the attention of pharmacologists, phytochemists and pharmaceuticals.

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Ghosh, A., and T. Ghosh. "Herbal drugs of abuse." Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy 1, no. 2 (2010): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0975-8453.75060.

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Karpinski, Julie P. "Herbal Medicines, 3rd Edition." Journal of Pharmacy Technology 24, no. 2 (March 2008): 121–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/875512250802400214.

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Riley, Richard H., Dianne M Sutherlan, and Thomas M. Duffy. "Herbal Medicines." Australian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy 29, no. 6 (December 1999): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jppr1999296346a.

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Hossain, Md Akbar. "Herbal Medicine News Update Vol.23(1)." Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 23, no. 1 (July 14, 2020): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v23i1.48207.

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Koll, Kathrin, Eike Reich, Anne Blatter, and Markus Veit. "Validation of Standardized High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatographic Methods for Quality Control and Stability Testing of Herbals." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 86, no. 5 (September 1, 2003): 909–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/86.5.909.

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Abstract In herbal medicinal products the entire herbal drug or an herbal drug preparation is regarded as the active pharmaceutical ingredient, regardless of whether constituents with defined therapeutic activity are known. In quality control and stability testing of herbal medicinal products, fingerprint chromatograms are used as powerful tools to evaluate and compare the composition of compounds in such products. To fulfill the International Conference on Harmonization and Good Manufacturing Practice-based regulatory requirements in pharmaceutical quality control, chromatographic fingerprint analysis needs to be validated. Based on a standardized methodology, this paper provides a comprehensive concept for evaluating validation parameters for planar chromatographic fingerprinting by considering the stationary phase, sample application, developing solvent, chromatogram development, plate labeling, derivatization, documentation, and chromatographic equipment. Validation parameters addressed include stability of the analyte, selectivity, robustness testing, and method reproducibility.

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Kloos, Stephan. "The Pharmaceutical Assemblage: Rethinking Sowa Rigpa and the Herbal Pharmaceutical Industry in Asia." Current Anthropology 58, no. 6 (December 2, 2017): 693–717. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/693896.

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Bouwmeester, Carla J. "Surveying Physicians' Attitudes about Herbal Supplements, Resources, and Pharmacy Consultations." Journal of Pharmacy Technology 21, no. 5 (September 2005): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/875512250502100502.

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Objective: To investigate whether physicians discuss herbal supplement use with their patients and document this information in the medical record, to determine the perceived barriers to discussing herbal supplement use, and to assess all resources currently available to physicians in their office setting and additional resources needed to answer questions about herbal supplements. Methods: An electronic survey was conducted of physicians enrolled in a managed care electronic network as of November 2002; data were collected from December 2002 through March 2003. Results: Of the 203 physicians who responded to the survey, 18% always discussed herbal supplements with their patients, 57% sometimes carried on these discussions, 21% rarely did, and 4% never asked. These responses correlated roughly with how often herbal supplement use was documented in the medical chart (always 27%, sometimes 51%, rarely 20%, never 2%). The strongest barriers to discussing herbal supplements were lack of resources and lack of time. The largest number of physicians used Web sites or print resources for information on herbal supplements. The most preferred resources were Web sites, computer databases, and pharmacy consultations. Conclusions: Awareness of herbal supplement use is vital for the healthcare practitioner to deliver comprehensive health services. Physicians' attitudes regarding herbal supplements are influenced by the resources available and by personal bias. Pharmacists can play a pivotal role in providing consultation services, educational materials, and screening for drug–herb interactions.

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Goyal, Anju, Aditya Sharma, Jasanpreet Kaur, Sapna Kumari, Madhukar Garg, Rakesh K. Sindhu, Md Habibur Rahman, et al. "Bioactive-Based Cosmeceuticals: An Update on Emerging Trends." Molecules 27, no. 3 (January 27, 2022): 828. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27030828.

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Cosmetic-containing herbals are a cosmetic that has or is claimed to have medicinal properties, with bioactive ingredients purported to have medical benefits. There are no legal requirements to prove that these products live up to their claims. The name is a combination of “cosmetics” and “pharmaceuticals”. “Nutricosmetics” are related dietary supplements or food or beverage products with additives that are marketed as having medical benefits that affect appearance. Cosmetic-containing herbals are topical cosmetic–pharmaceutical hybrids intended to enhance the health and beauty of the skin. Cosmetic-containing herbals improve appearance by delivering essential nutrients to the skin. Several herbal products, such as cosmetic-containing herbals, are available. The present review highlights the use of natural products in cosmetic-containing herbals, as natural products have many curative effects as well as healing effects on skin and hair growth with minimal to no side effects. A brief description is given on such plants, their used parts, active ingredients, and the therapeutic properties associated with them. Mainly, the utilization of phytoconstituents as cosmetic-containing herbals in the care of skin and hair, such as dryness of skin, acne, eczema, inflammation of the skin, aging, hair growth, and dandruff, along with natural ingredients, such as for hair colorant, are explained in detail in the present review.

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Kazi, Tasneem G., Nida F. Kolachi, Hassan I. Afridi, Kapil Dev Brahman, and Faheem Shah. "Determination of Total Selenium in Pharmaceutical and Herbal Supplements by Hydride Generation and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 97, no. 6 (November 1, 2014): 1696–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.12-413.

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Abstract The total selenium (Se) was determined in herbal and pharmaceutical supplements used for liver diseases. The total Se contents were determined in different pharmaceutical and herbal supplements by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HGAAS) and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) after microwave-assisted acid digestion. The accuracy of the techniques was evaluated by using certified reference material and the standard addition method. The recoveries of total Se were 99.4 and 99.0% for HGAAS and GFAAS, respectively. The precision of the techniques expressed as RSD were 2.34 and 4.54% for HGAAS and GFAAS measurements, respectively. The LOD values for HGAAS and GFAAS were 0.025 and 0.052 μg/g, respectively. The concentrations of Se in pharmaceutical and herbal supplements were found in the range of 19.2–53.8 and 25.0–42.5 μg/g, respectively, corresponding to 35–76% and 45–76% of the total recommended dose of Se for adults.

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Faramita Dwitama, Cicilia Erly Istia, and Rini Dwiastutiningsih. "PENGUKURAN ROA, ROE, NPM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN LABA PADA PERUSAHAAN JAMU DAN FARMASI PERIODE 2016-2020." Jurnal Ekonomi dan Manajemen 1, no. 2 (June 22, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.56127/jekma.v1i2.111.

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This research aims to determine the ability of herbal and pharmaceutical companies to earn profits and the effect of Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Net Profit Margin (NPM) on the profits earned. The profit growth is used by the industry to see the development of the industry in creating profits. The sample of this research is the financial statements of herbal and pharmaceutical companies for the period 2016-2020. After processing by SPSS software, the test result obtained at herbal and pharmaceutical companies indicates that there is a significant effect of the independent variables simultaneously on the dependent variable, so that Ha is accepted. This means that there is a positive and significant influence on the NPM, ROA, and ROE variables on Company’s Profits. So that the higher the values of NPM, ROA and ROE are produced, the higher the company’s profits earn.

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Perjési, Pál. "Pharmacy, the continuously expanding field of science." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biopharmaceutical Research 3, no. 1 (2022): 185–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.25082/jpbr.2021.01.003.

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Originating from the traditional herbal formulations, nowadays, Pharmacy covers all the disciplines focusing on the behavior of complex pharmaceutical forms, drug-releasing systems, and active compounds in the human body. Masters of pharmaceutical sciences must know the basics of pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmaceutical technology, biotechnology, biology, physiology, pharmacology, and toxicology.

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D.k., Siri Sindhura, and Vikas Jain. "CHALLENGES IN FORMULATING HERBAL COSMETICS." International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics 10, no. 6 (November 22, 2018): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2018v10i6.27377.

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The herbal cosmetics are prepared by phytochemicals that occur in a variety of botanical sources, that influences the physiology of skin and provide nutrients that are necessary for the healthy skin or hair. These products are utilized for daily purposes, which include herbal shampoo, herbal conditioner, herbal face wash, herbal soap, etc. These products are classified as a different category by regulatory agencies. However, guidelines of these certifying agencies have no harmonization, and many cosmetic industries prepare and package these formulations in an irrationalway. Many cosmetic products have natural products in their formulation that perform a specific biological function, but these products should be evaluated on their toxicological and efficacy aspects. The contribution of developing countries is very poor in global herbal business because of lack of standardization measures and quality control. The lack of safety and efficacy data on herbal cosmetics renders it difficult to meet the criteria needed for supporting its use worldwide. This review article discusses challenges related to regulatory status, quality control, standardization, certification, drug processing and the opportunities for herbal cosmetics in local as well as the global scenario. The search criteria used in the present review were the keywords mentioned in the manuscript and articles from major scientific resources were cited. The articles from 1952 to 2018 were specifically referred, but few references from 19 century were also cited to support the prevalence of scientific principles in the development of herbal cosmetics in the ancient era.

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Kundaković, Tatjana, and Zoran Maksimović. "Phytotherapy of acute upper respiratory tract infections in children." Arhiv za farmaciju 72, no. 3 (2022): 320–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/arhfarm72-37803.

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Acute upper respiratory tract infections (URIs) are the most common infections in the population, especially in children. URIs are mostly of viral origin and tend to resolve spontaneously in approximately one week. Bacterial URIs are less common, and come mostly as superinfections of acute viral diseases. The therapy is symptomatic and aimed at alleviating cough, maintaining the patency of airways and preventing disease progression. If there are no reasons to see a doctor, parents should be advised to apply general measures and give herbal medicinal products to their children, in an attempt to relieve cough, sore throat and nasal symptoms. In productive cough, herbal expectorants, such as, for example, Hederae helicis folium extracts, are used to facilitate the elimination of mucus. On the other hand, demulcents (Althaeae radix, Plantaginis lanceolatae folium) alleviate dry cough by reducing local irritation. Honey also significantly reduces the frequency and severity of acute cough episodes. Extracts of Sisymbrii officinalis herba and Pelargonii radix are useful for the alleviation of nasal symptoms and sore throat. If the application of the proposed herbal products does not resolve the symptoms within a week, advice of a medical doctor should be sought.

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Ronowicz, Joanna, Bogumiła Kupcewicz, and Elżbieta Budzisz. "Chemometric analysis of antioxidant properties of herbal products containing Ginkgo biloba extract." Open Life Sciences 8, no. 4 (April 1, 2013): 374–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11535-013-0139-8.

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AbstractGinkgo biloba extract is a popular ingredient in pharmaceutical formulations. The level of bioactive compounds determines final antioxidant activity of an extract and its therapeutic efficiency. The aim of the project was to assess phytopharmaceuticals containing Ginkgo extracts in terms of their chemical characteristic and antioxidant activity using selected chemometric methods. The aim of the study was also to investigate whether the antioxidant activity of phytopharmaceuticals can be successfully predicted based on their chromatograms. Total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of methanolic Ginkgo extracts were determined using a spectrophotometric technique. Comparative chemometric analysis of investigated pharmaceutical formulations was carried out using hierarchical and non-hierarchical segmentation algorithms. Samples of herbal drug products were clearly separated from samples of dietary supplements. A tree regression method was used to predict the antioxidant activity of pharmaceuticals based on the chromatographic description. The correlations between the predicted (by regression model) and experimental values of IC50 for training and testing subset were 0.960 and 0.949, respectively. The chemometric techniques, combined with instrumental analysis, could improve and simplify the quality control methods of herbal products. The antioxidant activity, predicted on the basis of chromatograms, may be one of measures of final product quality.

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Ali, M., K. S. Duba, A. S. Kalamdhad, A. Bhatia, A. Khursheed, A. A. Kazmi, and N. Ahmed. "High rate composting of herbal pharmaceutical industry solid waste." Water Science and Technology 65, no. 10 (May 1, 2012): 1817–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.082.

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High rate composting studies of hard to degrade herbal wastes were conducted in a 3.5 m3 capacity rotary drum composter. Studies were spread out in four trials: In trial 1 and 2, one and two turns per day rotation was observed, respectively, by mixing of herbal industry waste with cattle (buffalo) manure at a ratio of 3:1 on wet weight basis. In trial 3 inocula was added in raw waste to enhance the degradation and in trial 4 composting of a mixture of vegetable market waste and herbal waste was conducted at one turn per day. Results demonstrated that the operation of the rotary drum at one turn a day (trial 1) could provide the most conducive composting conditions and co-composting (trial 4) gave better quality compost in terms of temperature, moisture, nitrogen, and Solvita maturity index. In addition a FT-IR study also revealed that trial 1 and trial 4 gave quality compost in terms of stability and maturity due to the presence of more intense peaks in the aromatic region and less intense peaks were found in the aliphatic region compared with trial 2 and trial 3.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Pharmaceutical and herbal'

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