Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pharmaceutical aerosols'
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Ju, Dehao. "Experimental and numerical research on pharmaceutical aerosols." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/348916/.
Full textWong, Jennifer. "Electrostatic Charging in Pharmaceutical Aerosols for Inhalation." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14273.
Full textHickey, A. J. "Pharmaceutical inhalation aerosols : their delivery and therapeutic applications." Thesis, Aston University, 2002. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/21776/.
Full textPeart, Joanne. "Electrostatic charge interactions in pharmaceutical dry powder aerosols." Thesis, University of Bath, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.494185.
Full textKwok, Philip Chi Lip. "Electrostatics of aerosols for inhalation." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1934.
Full textKwok, Philip Chi Lip. "Electrostatics of aerosols for inhalation." Faculty of Pharmacy, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1934.
Full textElectrostatics of aerosols for inhalation is a relatively new research area. Charge properties of these particles are largely unknown but electrostatic forces have been proposed to potentially influence lung deposition. Investigation on the relationship between formulation and aerosol charging is required to understand the fundamental mechanisms. A modified electrical low pressure impactor was employed to measure the particles generated from metered dose inhalers and dry powder inhalers. This equipment provides detailed size and charge information of the aerosols. The particles were sized by impaction onto thirteen stages. The net charges in twelve of the size fractions were detected and recorded by sensitive electrometers. The drug deposits were quantified by chemical assay. The aerosol charge profiles of commercial metered dose inhalers were product-dependent, which was due to differences in the drug, formulation, and valve stem material. The calculated number of elementary charges per drug particle of size ≤ 6.06 μm ranged from zero to several ten thousands. The high charge levels on particles may have a potential effect on the deposition of the aerosol particles in the lung when inhaled. New plastic spacers marketed for use with metered dose inhalers were found to possess high surface charges on the internal walls, which was successfully removed by detergent-coating. Detergent-coated spacer had higher drug output than the new ones due to the reduced electrostatic particle deposition inside the spacer. Particles delivered from spacers carried lower inherent charges than those directly from metered dose inhalers. Those with higher charges might be susceptible to electrostatic forces inside the spacers and were thus retained. The electrostatic low pressure impactor was further modified to disperse two commercial Tubuhaler® products at 60 L/min. The DPIs showed drug-specific responses to particle charging at different RHs. The difference in hygroscopicity of the drugs may play a major role. A dual mechanistic charging model was proposed to explain the charging behaviours. The charge levels on drug particles delivered from these inhalers were sufficiently high to potentially affect deposition in the airways when inhaled. Drug-free metered dose inhalers containing HFA-134a and 227 produced highly variable charge profiles but on average the puffs were negatively charged, which was thought to be due to the electronegative fluorine atoms in the HFA molecules. The charges of both HFAs shifted towards neutrality or positive polarity with increasing water content. The spiked water might have increased the electrical conductivity and/or decreased the electronegativity of the bulk propellant solution. The number of elementary charges per droplet decreased with decreasing droplet size. This trend was probably due to the redistribution of charges amongst small droplets following electrostatic fission of a bigger droplet when the Raleigh limit was reached.
Li, Xihao. "Characterization of Perphenazine and Scopolamine Aerosols Generated Using the Capillary Aerosol Generator." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/901.
Full textEvans, Richard M. "Solubilization of drugs within chlorofluorocarbon based pressurized aerosols." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308655.
Full textVinchurkar, Samir C. "Numerical Analysis of Respiratory Aerosol Deposition: Effects of Exhalation, Airway Constriction and Electrostatic Charge." VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/2014.
Full textPrepared for: Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 212-233). Also available online via the Internet.
Mohan, Megha. "INFLUENCE OF ELECTROSTATIC CHARGE UPON THE DEPOSITION BEHAVIOR OF PHARMACEUTICAL AEROSOLS WITHIN CASCADE IMPACTORS." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/423.
Full textZeng, Xian Ming. "The influence of particle engineering on drug delivery by dry powder aerosols." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1997. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-influence-of-particle-engineering-on-drug-delivery-by-dry-powder-aerosols(abf7b52d-6271-462c-96a7-e12b6acc7f32).html.
Full textBeleca, Radu. "Investigation of bipolar charge distribution of pharmaceutical dry powder aerosols using the phase Doppler anemometry system." Thesis, Brunel University, 2012. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/11271.
Full textLi, Xiaojian. "MULTI-COMPONENT MICROPARTICULATE/NANOPARTICULATE DRY POWDER INHALATION AEROSOLS FOR TARGETED PULMONARY DELIVERY." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/pharmacy_etds/31.
Full textHolbrook, Landon T. "Generation and Delivery of Charged Aerosols to Infant Airways." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3979.
Full textTee, Seah Kee. "The influence of some formulation factors on drug delivery by dry powder aerosols : an in vitro/in vivo evaluation." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367513.
Full textARORA, DEEPIKA. "IN VITRO MODELS FOR INHALED CORTICOSTEROID (ICS) AEROSOLS: A STUDY OF THEIR BIOPHARMACEUTICS AND PHARMACOLOGY." VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1650.
Full textKulon, Janusz. "Real-time measurement of bipolar charge distribution on pharmaceutical aerosols and powders using phase doppler anemometry and a bipolar charge measurement system." Thesis, Brunel University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488733.
Full textWalenga, Ross L. "CFD Assessment of Respiratory Drug Delivery Efficiency in Adults and Improvements Using Controlled Condensational Growth." VCU Scholars Compass, 2014. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3641.
Full textIshau, Simileoluwa O. "Dermal Exposure and Risk to Aerosolized Pharmaceuticals in Home Healthcare Workers." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1581333497402733.
Full textMcIvor, Robert Andrew. "Aerosol pentamidine for prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in human immunodeficiency virus infected individuals." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261772.
Full textShin, Junkyu. "Evaluation of Calcium Alginate Microparticles Prepared Using a Novel Nebulized Aerosol Mediated Interfacial Crosslinking Method." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1469041620.
Full textRoss, Stacy Sommerfeld. "In vitro pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms : improved confocal imaging and co-treatment with dispersion agents and antibiotics." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4738.
Full textIlko, David [Verfasser], Ulrike [Gutachter] Holzgrabe, and Petra [Gutachter] Högger. "The use of charged aerosol detection for the analysis of excipients and active pharmaceutical ingredients / David Ilko. Gutachter: Ulrike Holzgrabe ; Petra Högger." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1112943218/34.
Full textDelvadia, Renishkumar. "In vitro methods to predict aerosol drug deposition in normal adults." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/314.
Full textIslam, Mohammad Saidul. "Three-dimensional modelling of particulate deposition in the human respiratory tract." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/115472/1/115472_9028200_mohammad_saidul_islam_thesis.pdf.
Full textBoc, Susan. "Aerosolized Surfactants: Formulation Development and Evaluation of Aerosol Drug Delivery to the Lungs of Infants." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5577.
Full textAgrawal, Swati. "Investigation and Optimization of a Solvent / Anti-Solvent Crystallization Process for the Production of Inhalation Particles." VCU Scholars Compass, 2010. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2244.
Full textOphus, Philip S. "Transient deposition of particles with applications to inhaled pharmaceutical aerosols." Master's thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10048/1813.
Full textRedman, Gillian. "Inhaled Aerosols Targeted via Magnetic Alignment of High Aspect Ratio Particles: An In Vivo and Optimization Study." Master's thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10048/1735.
Full text"Influence of operating parameters and formulation additives on the physical properties, surface energetics and aerosol performance of spray dried salbutamol sulphate powders." 2002. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5891352.
Full textThesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 139-143).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Table of Contents --- p.I
Acknowledgement --- p.VII
Abstract --- p.VIII
Abstract (Chinese) --- p.X
List of Tables --- p.XV
List of Figures --- p.XXIV
List Symbols and Abbreviations
Chapter Chapter One --- Introduction
Chapter 1.1. --- Rationale of study --- p.2
Chapter 1.2. --- Drug Delivery to the lungs --- p.5
Chapter 1.3. --- Particle transport and deposition mechanisms --- p.8
Chapter 1.4. --- Factors affecting particulate interactions --- p.9
Chapter 1.4.1. --- Particle size --- p.9
Chapter 1.4.2. --- Particle shape --- p.10
Chapter 1.4.3. --- Surface texture --- p.10
Chapter 1.4.4. --- Surface energy --- p.11
Chapter 1.4.5. --- Contact area --- p.12
Chapter 1.4.6. --- Relative humidity --- p.12
Chapter 1.4.7. --- Electrical properties --- p.13
Chapter 1.5. --- Fine powder production technologies applicable to dry powder inhalation formulations --- p.13
Chapter 1.5.1. --- Batch crystallization and micronization --- p.14
Chapter 1.5.2. --- Spray drying --- p.15
Chapter 1.5.3. --- Supercritical fluid crystallization --- p.17
Chapter 1.6. --- Physical characterization of aerosol powders --- p.18
Chapter 1.6.1. --- Microscopy and particle size analysis --- p.19
Chapter 1.6.2. --- Powder X-ray diffractometry --- p.19
Chapter 1.6.3. --- Thermal analysis --- p.20
Chapter 1.6.4. --- In-vitro deposition assessment --- p.20
Chapter 1.6.5. --- Surface energy measurement by inverse gas chromatography (IGC) --- p.21
Chapter 1.7. --- Scope of study --- p.22
Chapter Chapter Two --- Materials and Methods
Chapter 2.1. --- Materials --- p.25
Chapter 2.2. --- Equipment --- p.25
Chapter 2.3. --- Methods --- p.27
Chapter 2.3.1. --- Determination of aqueous solubility of salbutamol sulphate in water --- p.27
Chapter 2.3.2. --- Preparation of spray-dried salbutamol sulphate powders under different operating conditions --- p.27
Chapter 2.3.3. --- Preparation of spray-dried salbutamol sulphate powders at various lecithin concentrations --- p.30
Chapter 2.3.4. --- Preparation of spray-dried salbutamol sulphate powders at various oleic acid concentrations --- p.32
Chapter 2.3.5. --- Physical characterization of spray-dried salbutamol sulphate powders --- p.34
Chapter 2.3.5.1. --- Scanning electron microscopy --- p.34
Chapter 2.3.5.2. --- Specific surface area determination --- p.34
Chapter 2.3.5.3. --- Particle size distribution measurements --- p.35
Chapter 2.3.5.4. --- Water content determination --- p.36
Chapter 2.3.5.5. --- Isothermal water vapour sorption studies --- p.37
Chapter 2.3.5.6. --- Powder X-ray diffraction --- p.37
Chapter 2.3.5.7. --- Thermal analysis --- p.38
Chapter 2.3.5.8. --- Surface energy measurement by inverse gas chromatography --- p.39
Chapter 2.3.5.8.1. --- Calculation of surface thermodynamic parameters --- p.40
Chapter 2.3.5.8.1.1. --- Standard Free Energy of Adsorption and Related Thermodynamic Parameters --- p.40
Chapter 2.3.5.8.1.2. --- Dispersive Component of Surface Free Energy and Related Thermodynamic Parameters --- p.41
Chapter 2.3.5.8.1.3. --- Specific Interactions and Associated Acid-Base Properties --- p.42
Chapter 2.3.5.9. --- In-vitro deposition measurement by multi-stage liquid impinger --- p.43
Chapter Chapter Three --- Results and discussion
Chapter 3.1. --- Influence of spray drying operating parameters --- p.46
Chapter 3.1.1. --- Drying temperature --- p.46
Chapter 3.1.1.1. --- "Particle size, particle morphology, and specific surface area" --- p.46
Chapter 3.1.1.2. --- "Crystallinity, moisture sorption and thermal behaviour" --- p.53
Chapter 3.1.1.3. --- Surface thermodynamic properties --- p.60
Chapter 3.1.1.4. --- Aerodynamic properties and in-vitro deposition --- p.64
Chapter 3.1.2. --- Feed solution concentration --- p.67
Chapter 3.1.2.1. --- "Particle size, particle morphology and specific surface area" --- p.69
Chapter 3.1.2.2. --- "Crystallinity, moisture sorption and thermal behaviour" --- p.69
Chapter 3.1.2.3. --- Surfacethermodynamicproperties --- p.70
Chapter 3.1.2.4. --- Aerodynamic properties and in-vitro deposition --- p.70
Chapter 3.1.3. --- Feed speed --- p.72
Chapter 3.1.3.1. --- "Particle size, particle morphology, and specific surface area" --- p.72
Chapter 3.1.3.2. --- "Crystallinity, moisture sorption and thermal behaviour" --- p.73
Chapter 3.1.3.3. --- Surfacethermodynamicproperties --- p.73
Chapter 3.1.3.4. --- Aerodynamic properties and in-vitro deposition --- p.73
Chapter 3.2. --- Influence of formulation additives --- p.78
Chapter 3.2.1. --- Influence of lecithin as additive --- p.78
Chapter 3.2.1.1. --- "Particle morphology, particle size and specific surface area" --- p.79
Chapter 3.2.1.2. --- "Crystallinity, moisture sorption and thermal behaviour" --- p.84
Chapter 3.2.1.3. --- Surfacethermodynamicproperties --- p.90
Chapter 3.2.1.4. --- Aerodynamic properties and in-vitro deposition --- p.94
Chapter 3.2.2. --- Influence of oleic acid as additive --- p.101
Chapter 3.2.2.1. --- "Particle morphology, particle size and specific surface area" --- p.101
Chapter 3.2.2.2. --- "Crystallinity, moisture sorption and thermal behaviour" --- p.106
Chapter 3.2.2.3. --- Surfacethermodynamicproperties --- p.123
Chapter 3.2.2.4. --- Aerodynamic properties and in-vitro deposition --- p.127
Chapter Chapter Four --- Conclusion and Future Work
Chapter 4.1. --- Conclusion --- p.134
Chapter 4.1.1. --- Influence of spray drying operating parameters --- p.134
Chapter 4.1.2. --- Influence of formulation additives --- p.135
Chapter 4.2. --- Future Work --- p.137
References --- p.139
Ilko, David. "The use of charged aerosol detection for the analysis of excipients and active pharmaceutical ingredients." Doctoral thesis, 2015. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-118377.
Full textDer “Corona® charged aerosol detector” (CAD) ist ein aerosol-basierter Detektor, welcher 2002 von Dixon und Peterson vorgestellt wurde. Damit lassen sich nicht-flüchtige Substanzen unabhängig von ihren physiko-chemischen Eigenschaften detektieren. Daraus folgt, dass der CAD oft zur Analyse von Substanzen ohne UV-Chromophor angewandt wird. Großes Manko ist jedoch, dass das Signal nicht linear und abhängig vom Anteil organischen Lösemittels in der mobilen Phase ist. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, mögliche Anwendungen des CAD in der pharmazeuti-schen Analytik zu erschließen. Dies wurde anhand von Beispielen aus unter-schiedlichen Substanzklassen untersucht. Dabei wurden neu entwickelte oder be-stehende Methoden validiert um die Leistung des CAD beurteilen zu können. So-wohl Gehaltsbestimmungen als auch Methoden zur Erfassung von Verunreinigun-gen wurden hinsichtlich ihrer Konformität mit dem Europäischen Arzneibuch (Ph. Eur.) geprüft. Im Zuge der Charakterisierung von Referenzsubstanzen beim EDQM wurde eine Methode zur Identifikation von pharmazeutischen Gegenionen benötigt. Zu diesem Zweck wurde eine HPLC-CAD-Methode von Zhang et al. hinsichtlich ihrer Eignung für das Ph. Eur. überprüft. Mit dieser Methode ließen sich 23 pharmazeutisch rele-vante Ionen trennen und detektieren. Die Ionen wurden durch Vergleich der Re-tentionszeiten eines Standards erreicht. Zusätzlich wurde die Peakzuordnung mit-tels der Bestimmung der Präzisionsmasse des Gegenions oder des Arzneistoffes durch ein TOF-MS durchgeführt. Die Methode ließ die Quantifizierung von Ionen als Verunreinigung oder zur Bestimmung der Stöchiometrie eines Salzes zu. Bei der Bestimmung von Verunreinigungen von Topiramat wurde ein Vergleich zwischen CAD und ELSD angestellt. Es zeigte sich, dass der CAD in den Punkten Wiederholbarkeit, Empfindlichkeit und Linearität überlegen war. Mit beiden Detekto-ren wurde eine ähnlich gute Richtigkeit erzielt. Durch das Auftreten von nicht re-produzierbaren Peaks, welche nach dem Hauptpeak im Chromatogramm der Testlö-sung auftraten, war die Anwendung des ELSD hier auszuschließen. Eine der Ver-unreinigungen, Topiramat Verunreinigung A (Diacetonid) lieferte kein bzw. ein ver-ringertes Signal in ELSD und CAD. Aufgrund des relativ hohen Dampfdrucks der Substanz wurde sie während des Detektionsvorgangs verdampft. Das Signal konn-te durch Zugabe von Acetonitril nach der Säule und durch eine Verringerung der Temperatur des Vernebler um das neunfache vergrößert werden. Da aber die Emp-findlichkeit für alle anderen Verunreinigungen dennoch um das tausendfache hö-her war, war eine Quantifizierung von Topiramat Verunreinigung A nicht möglich. Die HPLC-CAD Methode wurde zusätzlich als Gehaltsbestimmungsmethode für Topiramat validiert. Die Anwendung des CAD zur Analyse von Hilfsstoffen birgt großes Potenzial, da viele Substanzen nicht über ein Chromophor verfügen. Im Zuge dieser Arbeit wurde eine einfache und schnelle Methode zur Gehaltsbestimmung von Polidocanol (PD) entwickelt. Diese wurde als mögliche Methode für das Ph. Eur. validiert. Zusätzlich wurde die Methode zur Bestimmung der Freisetzung von PD aus einer pharmazeu-tischen Matrix verwendet. Es wurde eine Methode zur Bestimmung der Fettsäurezusammensetzung von Poly-sorbat 80 (PS80) entwickelt und validiert. Mittels CAD und Massenspektrometrie war es möglich zwei neue Fettsäuren in 16 Chargen von vier verschiedenen Herstellern zu identifizieren. Alle Chargen entsprachen den Anforderungen des Ph. Eur. Wei-terhin wurde die Zusammensetzung der einzelnen PS80-Spezies („fingerprinting“) sowie der Peroxidgehalt untersucht. Neben dieser chemischen Charakterisierung wurden auch funktionalitätsbezogene Eigenschaften (FRCs) bestimmt. Korrelatio-nen zwischen chemischen Zusammensetzung und FRCs wurden gefunden. Die Validierungsdaten der genannten Methoden legen nahe, dass der CAD sinn-voll zur pharmazeutischen Analytik angewendet werden kann. Für nicht-flüchtige Substanzen wurde stets eine ausreichende Empfindlichkeit erreicht. Somit können Verunreinigungen bis zu einer Konzentration von 0.05 bzw. 0.03%, wie von der ICH Richtlinie Q3A (R2) gefordert, quantifiziert werden. Jedoch kann das Detektorsignal bei halb-flüchtigen Substanzen stark erniedrigt sein. Es konnte bestätigt werden, dass sich das Detektorsignal über zwei Größenordnungen linear verhält. Abwei-chungen davon sind in Abhängigkeit der jeweiligen Methode möglich. Ist der Mess-bereich genügen klein, so kann ein Stoff mittels Einpunkt-Kalibrierung quantifiziert werden. Dieses Vorgehen sollte bei Gehaltsbestimmungen angewandt werden. Ebenfalls mittels Einpunkt-Kalibrierung können Verunreinigungen erfasst werden. Jedoch kann es notwendig sein, Korrekturfaktoren zu bestimmen. Die Richtigkeit ist hier deutlich niedriger als bei einer Gehaltsbestimmungsmethode. Über einen gro-ßen Konzentrationsbereich muss eine Ausgleichskurve mit log-log-Transformation verwendet werden. Die Richtigkeit ist hierbei ebenfalls geringer als bei einer Ge-haltsbestimmung
(6955364), Nivedita J. Shetty. "Effect of Storage Humidity on Physical Stability and Aerosol Performance of Spray-Dried Dry Powder Inhaler Formulations." Thesis, 2019.
Find full textDry Powder inhalers (DPIs) have been one of the most promising developments in pulmonary drug delivery systems. In general, DPIs are more effective than systemic administrations and convenient to use. However, delivering high-dose antibiotics through a DPI is still a challenge because high powder load may need a very large inhaler or increase the incidence of local adverse effects. Spray drying has been increasingly applied to produce DPI formulations for high-dose antibiotics; nevertheless, many spray-dried particles are amorphous and physically unstable during storage, particularly under the humid environment.
My research focuses on addressing critical challenges in physical stability of DPIs for spray-dried high-dose antibiotics. The effects of moisture-induced crystallization on physical stability and aerosol performance of spray-dried amorphous Ciprofloxacin DPI formulations stored at different humidity conditions were studied. Our study not only provided a mechanistic understanding in the impact of crystallization on aerosol performance but also developed novel approaches for improving stability of spray-dried formulations used in DPI.
Our work has shown that recrystallization of amorphous spray-dried Ciprofloxacin led to significant changes in aerosol performance of DPIs upon storage, which cause critical quality and safety concerns. These challenges have been solved through co-spray-drying Ciprofloxacin with either excipient such as leucine or synergistic antibiotic like Colistin. Co-spray-drying Ciprofloxacin with Colistin not only improved physical and aerosol stability but also enhanced antibacterial activity which is a great advantage for treating ‘difficult to cure’ respiratory infections caused by multidrug resistant bacteria.
My research work is a sincere effort to maximize the utility and efficacy of high-dose DPI, an effective delivery tool for treating severe resistant bacterial respiratory infections.
Hein, Stephanie [Verfasser]. "Pharmaceutical aerosol deposition device on cell cultures (PADDOCC) : development of an in vitro test system based on pulmonary epithelial cells / von Stephanie Hein." 2010. http://d-nb.info/1009466135/34.
Full text