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Academic literature on the topic 'PeV region'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 18 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "PeV region"

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Tolchkov, Eugene V., Vanya I. Rasheva, Silvia Bonaccorsi, Thomas Westphal, and Vladimir A. Gvozdev. "The Size and Internal Structure of a Heterochromatic Block Determine Its Ability to Induce Position Effect Variegation in Drosophila melanogaster." Genetics 154, no. 4 (April 1, 2000): 1611–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/154.4.1611.

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Abstract In the In(1LR)pn2a rearrangement, the 1A-2E euchromatic segment is transposed to the vicinity of X heterochromatin (Xh), resulting in position effect variegation (PEV) of the genes in the 2BE region. Practically the whole X-linked heterochromatin is situated adjacent to variegated euchromatic genes. Secondary rearrangements showing weakening or reversion of PEV were obtained by irradiation of the In(1LR)pn2a. These rearrangements demonstrate a positive correlation between the strength of PEV of the wapl locus and the sizes of the adjacent heterochromatic blocks carrying the centromere. The smallest PEV-inducing fragment consists of a block corresponding to ~10% of Xh and containing the entire XR, the centromere, and a very proximal portion of XL heterochromatin. Heterochromatic blocks retaining the entire XR near the 2E region, but lacking the centromere, show no PEV. Reversion of PEV was also observed as a result of an internal rearrangement of the Xh blocks where the centromere is moved away from the eu-heterochromatin boundary but the amount of X heterochromatin remaining adjacent to 2E is unchanged. We propose a primary role of the X pericentromeric region in PEV induction and an enhancing effect of the other blocks, positively correlated with their size.
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Kaku, Yoshihiro, Akinori Sarai, and Yosuke Murakami. "Genetic reclassification of porcine enteroviruses." Journal of General Virology 82, no. 2 (February 1, 2001): 417–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-82-2-417.

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The genetic diversity of porcine teschoviruses (PTVs; previously named porcine enterovirus 1) and most serotypes of porcine enteroviruses (PEVs) was studied. Following the determination of the major portion of the genomic sequence of PTV reference strain Talfan, the nucleotide and derived amino acid sequences of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) region, the capsid VP2 region and the 3′ non-translated region (3′-NTR) were compared among PTVs and PEVs and with other picornaviruses. The sequences were obtained by RT–PCR and 3′-RACE with primers based on the sequences of Talfan and available PEV strains. Phylogenetic analysis of RdRp/VP2 and analysis of the predicted RNA secondary structure of the 3′-NTR indicated that PEVs should be reclassified genetically into at least three groups, one that should be assigned to PTVs and two PEV subspecies represented by strain PEV-8 V13 and strain PEV-9 UKG410/73.
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Clegg, N. J., I. P. Whitehead, J. K. Brock, D. A. Sinclair, R. Mottus, G. Stromotich, M. J. Harrington, and T. A. Grigliatti. "A cytogenetic analysis of chromosomal region 31 of Drosophila melanogaster." Genetics 134, no. 1 (May 1, 1993): 221–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/134.1.221.

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Abstract Cytogenetic region 31 of the second chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster was screened for recessive lethal mutations. One hundred and thirty nine new recessive lethal alleles were isolated that fail to complement Df(2L)J2 (31A-32A). These new alleles, combined with preexisting mutations in the region, define 52 complementation groups, 35 of which have not previously been described. Among the new mutations were alleles of the cdc2 and mfs(2)31 genes. Six new deficiencies were also isolated and characterized identifying 16 deficiency subintervals within region 31. The new deficiencies were used to further localize three loci believed to encode non-histone chromosomal proteins. Suvar(2)1/Su(var)214, a dominant suppressor of position-effect variegation (PEV), maps to 31A-B, while the recessive suppressors of PEV mfs(2)31 and wdl were localized to regions 31E and 31F-32A, respectively. In addition, the cytological position of several mutations that interact with heterochromatin were more precisely defined.
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Erlykin, A. D., and A. W. Wolfendale. "Spectral features and masses in the PeV region." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 122 (July 2003): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5632(03)80380-8.

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Sabl, Joy F., and Steven Henikoff. "Copy Number and Orientation Determine the Susceptibility of a Gene to Silencing by Nearby Heterochromatin in Drosophila." Genetics 142, no. 2 (February 1, 1996): 447–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/142.2.447.

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Abstract The classical phenomenon of position-effect variegation (PEV) is the mosaic expression that occurs when a chromosomal rearrangement moves a euchromatic gene near heterochromatin. A striking feature of this phenomenon is that genes far away from the junction with heterochromatin can be affected, as if the heterochromatic state “spreads.” We have investigated classical PEV of a Drosophila brown transgene affected by a heterochromatic junction ~60 kb away. PEV was enhanced when the transgene was locally duplicated using P transposase. Successive rounds of P transposase mutagenesis and phenotypic selection produced a series of PEV alleles with differences in phenotype that depended on transgene copy number and orientation. As for other examples of classical PEV, nearby heterochromatin was required for gene silencing. Modifications of classical PEV by alterations at a single site are unexpected, and these observations contradict models for spreading that invoke propagation of heterochromatin along the chromosome. Rather, our results support a model in which local alterations affect the affinity of a gene region for nearby heterochromatin via homology-based pairing, suggesting an alternative explanation for this 65-year-old phenomenon.
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Adriani, Oscar, and Lorenzo Pacini. "Results from high energy direct measurements and future prospects." EPJ Web of Conferences 283 (2023): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202328302001.

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In this contribution a review of the recent results from high energy cosmic ray measurements, in the ’above TeV’ energy regions, will be presented. The future experiments that will be realised to significantly improve the current measurements, aiming to explore the PeV region with direct measurements, will also be described.
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Sinclair, D. A., A. A. Ruddell, J. K. Brock, N. J. Clegg, V. K. Lloyd, and T. A. Grigliatti. "A cytogenetic and genetic characterization of a group of closely linked second chromosome mutations that suppress position-effect variegation in Drosophila melanogaster." Genetics 130, no. 2 (February 1, 1992): 333–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/130.2.333.

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Abstract Characterization of a group of dominant second chromosome suppressor of position-effect variegation (PEV) (Su(var)) mutants has revealed a variety of interesting properties, including: maternal-effect suppression of PEV, homozygous lethality or semilethality and male-specific hemizygous lethality, female infecundity, acute sensitivity to the amount of heterochromatin in the cell and sensitivity to sodium butyrate. Deficiency/duplication mapping and complementation tests have revealed that eight of the mutants define at least two genes in section 31 of the left arm of chromosome 2 and they suggest that a ninth corresponds to an additional nonessential Su(var) gene within or near this region. The effects of specific deficiencies and a duplication on PEV indicate that the expression of one or more of the Su(var) genes in this region of the chromosome is dose-dependent, i.e., capable of haplo-abnormal suppression and triplo-abnormal enhancement. Interestingly, the appearance of certain visible phenotypes among a subset of the mutants suggests that they may possess antimorphic properties. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that two of these Su(var) genes encode structural components of heterochromatin. We also report that two previously isolated mutants located in 31E and 31F-32A act as recessive suppressors of PEV.
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Spofford, Janice B., and Rob DeSalle. "Nucleolus organizer-suppressed position-effect variegation in Drosophila melanogaster." Genetical Research 57, no. 3 (June 1991): 245–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672300029396.

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SummaryThe white locus is inactivated in a cell-by-cell variegated pattern when juxtaposed with the proximal or distal parts of the nucleolus organizer region (NO) by X chromosome inversion. Recombinants for two such inversions, wm51b and wm4, were obtained and randomized for genetic background. White locus activity was much higher in the wm4 recombinant duplicated for most of the NO and much lower in the wm51b recombinant deficient for it. Although there may be other molecular differences between the heterochromatic regions of the recombinants, the most obvious is the dosage of NO. Suppression of a NO region-evoked variegated phenotype by additional NO doses is discussed in relation to four different classes of models for position-effect variegation (PEV): chromatin structure, nuclear geometry, incomplete transposition of mobile elements, and heterochromatin promoter-driven transcription. A corollary of the structural model is functional subdivision of heterochromatin, which would enable the use of PEV as a tool for its study.
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Habuka, Rie, Yuta Aizawa, Ryohei Izumita, Hisanori Domon, Yutaka Terao, and Akihiko Saitoh. "2853. Innate Immune Response in Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid of Neonates and Infants Infected with Parechovirus-A3 and Enteroviruses." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (October 2019): S74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz359.158.

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Abstract Background Parechovirus-A3 (PeV-A3) and enteroviruses (EVs) are the most common viral causes of neonatal and infantile sepsis. We previously reported that the clinical manifestations of PeV-A3 infection—e.g., high body temperature, tachycardia, and poor peripheral circulation, but not cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis—tend be more severe than those of EV infection. We tested the hypothesis that innate immune responses to PeV-A3 and EVs are distinct. Methods Using serum and CSF samples, we investigated immune responses of febrile neonates and infants <4 months in Niigata, Japan, from 2015 through 2018. PeV-A and EV infections were diagnosed with real-time PCR. PeV-A3 infection was diagnosed by sequence analysis of the VP1 region. The control was clinically well patients without serum and CSF findings suggestive of bacterial or viral etiology. The Milliplex MAP human cytokine/chemokine magnetic bead panel (Merck Millipore, Germany) was used to analyze 22 cytokines/chemokines related to innate immunity in serum and CSF. Results We evaluated 14 PeV-A3-infected and 15 EV-infected patients and 8 controls. Serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines (fractalkine, interferon-α2, interleukin [IL]-1 receptor α, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-15) were significantly higher in PeV-A3-infected patients than in EV-infected patients (P < 0.005). Serum cytokine/chemokine profiles of EV-infected patients did not differ from those of controls. However, while most pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines in CSF were elevated in EV-infected patients, levels were low or undetectable in PeV-A3-infected patients and controls (P < 0.005). Conclusion PeV-A3-infected patients had high serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines, which may explain why clinical manifestations were more severe in this patient group than in EV-infected patients. Conversely, the limited or nonexistent innate immune response in CSF from PeV-A3-infected patients might explain the absence of CSF pleocytosis. These findings improve our understanding of the differing pathophysiological characteristics of PeV-A3 and EV infection in neonates and young infants. Disclosures All Authors: No reported Disclosures.
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Baksa, K., H. Morawietz, V. Dombrádi, M. Axton, H. Taubert, G. Szabó, I. Török, A. Udvardy, H. Gyurkovics, and B. Szöör. "Mutations in the protein phosphatase 1 gene at 87B can differentially affect suppression of position-effect variegation and mitosis in Drosophila melanogaster." Genetics 135, no. 1 (September 1, 1993): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/135.1.117.

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Abstract The suppressor of position effect variegation (PEV) locus Su-var(3)6 maps to 87B5-10. The breakpoints of deficiencies that define this interval have been placed on a 250-kb molecular map of the region. The locus is allelic to the ck19 complementation group previously shown to encode a type 1 serine-threonine protein phosphatase (PP1) catalytic subunit. When introduced into flies by P element-mediated transformation, a 5.8-kb genomic fragment carrying this gene overcomes the suppressor phenotype of Su-var(3)6(01) and recessive lethality of all mutations of the locus. Four of the mutant alleles at the locus show a broad correlation between high levels of suppression of PEV, a high frequency of aberrant mitosis and low PP1 activity in larval extracts. However, some alleles with low PP1 activity show weak suppression of PEV with a high frequency of abnormal mitosis, whereas others show strong suppression of PEV with normal mitosis. The basis for these discussed.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "PeV region"

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Dey, Rajat Kumar. "Studies of high energy cosmic rays at PeV region." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1574.

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Zhuma, Talgat M. "CIS and TRANS elements that influence hCD2 gene expression in transgenic mice." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313396.

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OTTAVIANO, Giuseppina. "Utilizzo del TEN test per lo studio delle regioni cocleari morte." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2389181.

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Recent work using the Threshold Equalizing Noise (TEN) test as a gold standard suggests that the presence of cochlear dead regions ( non –functioning, silent regions) in persons with moderate-tosevere hearing loss may be quite common. In addition, previous data suggest that certain characteristics of hearing loss, such as severe-profound high-frequency hearing loss may be more commonly associated with positive TEN findings. These findings, however, are based largely on studies including a relatively small number of participants or participants that were included based on specific audiometric criteria. There has been less work that has systematically evaluated the relationship between audiometric characteristics and TEN test findings, on a large number of individuals with a wide range of hearing losses and hearing loss configurations. Purpose The purpose of this study was to further examine the effects of audiometric characteristics such as degree of the hearing loss on the rate of positive, negative, and inconclusive findings on the TEN test over a wide frequency range (500-400 Hz) using a new HL calibrated version of TEN test. Given that the functional impact of positive findings may vary with the extent of potential damage, we were also interested in determining the relative occurrence of “patchy” versus multiple positive findings on the TEN. Research Design Twenty - eight persons (56 ears) with a wide range of SNHL participated. To discover the presence of d.c.r. the TEN (HL), was utilized. Thresholds, in both ears, were measured in quiet and in the TEN (HL). Results were categorized as positive (suggestive of a dead region), negative (not suggestive of a dead region), or inconclusive. Results Consistent with past research, positive TEN (HL) results were more common when hearing losses exceeded 60 dB HL; however, there was not a systematic increase in positive results with increases in threshold. In contrast to previous work, however, positive test results among individuals with milder hearing losses (<60 dB HL) were not uncommon, suggesting a potential for false positive results. Although a large proportion of participants had positive results on the TEN (HL), for most participants, these positive findings occurred in isolated (i.e., one frequency) rather than in multiple frequency regions. Conclusions The presence of inconclusive results and the potential for false positive results makes interpreting the functional impact of TEN (HL) results difficult, particularly when positive results are in the high frequencies or affect with frequencies with low to moderate hearing loss. In addition, although a large proportion of study participants had positive findings on the TEN (HL), the functional impact of these findings is not clear as, in the majority of cases, positive findings occurred at only one or two test frequencies.
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GALLEGATI, SILVIA. "Opportunità e sfide per lo sviluppo del turismo sostenibile: il caso della regione Marche." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/299789.

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Negli anni si è affermata la consapevolezza che le risorse su cui il turismo si basa non sono infinite e che per la sopravvivenza del settore nel lungo periodo è necessaria una transizione verso la sostenibilità. Il turismo sostenibile si riferisce a pratiche sostenibili all’interno e da parte della filiera turistica. Diversi studi evidenziano una discrepanza tra l’emanazione delle politiche di turismo sostenibile e la loro realizzazione, tra l’altro senza mettere a sistema opportunità e sfide per una filiera che voglia convertirsi ad un modello turistico sostenibile. Questa ricerca si pone l’obiettivo di analizzare il turismo sostenibile nella Regione Marche, valutando quali acceleratori o ostacoli si frappongono alla realizzazione di politiche di sostenibilità. L’analisi è condotta tramite interviste semi-strutturate a trentacinque attori della filiera turistica regionale, pubblici e privati. I risultati mostrano che la sostenibilità è una priorità per la Regione e che gli operatori del settore la ritengono la strategia più coerente rispetto alle caratteristiche evolutive del settore. Tra le opportunità per lo sviluppo di un modello turistico sostenibile, si individuano la capacità della regione di rispondere alle esigenze del “nuovo consumatore”, le caratteristiche intrinseche del territorio e l’attrattività delle tradizioni locali per un turismo “slow”. Tra le barriere, la mancanza di una cultura diffusa della sostenibilità e una perdita di informazioni circa l’attuazione delle politiche man mano che si scende nella filiera verso il consumatore. L’indisponibilità di competenze e risorse da destinare alla formazione, bassi livelli di consapevolezza sui pilastri della sostenibilità e scetticismo diffuso ostacolano i processi. Dalla ricerca emerge un percorso avviato che potrebbe essere incentivato da iniziative di educazione rivolte all’intera filiera e tramite l’emanazione di linee guida operative.
Over the years there has been a growing awareness that the resources on which tourism is based are not infinite and that, for the long-term survival of the sector, a shift towards sustainability is necessary. Several studies highlight a discrepancy between the issuance of sustainable tourism policies and their implementation: at the same time, these studies don’t clearly identify opportunities and challenges that a supply chain that wants to convert to a sustainable tourism model has to face. This research aims to analyze sustainable tourism in the Marche Region, evaluating which accelerators or obstacles stand in the way of implementing sustainability policies. The analysis is conducted through semi-structured interviews with thirty-five actors of the regional tourism supply chain, both public and private. The results show that sustainability is a priority for the Region and that local operators consider it the most consistent strategy with respect to the evolutionary characteristics of the sector. The opportunities for developing a sustainable tourism model include the region's ability to respond to the needs of the "new consumer", the intrinsic characteristics of the territory and the attractiveness of local traditions for "slow" tourism. Among the barriers, the lack of a widespread culture of sustainability and a loss of information about the implementation of policies as you go down the supply chain towards the consumer. The unavailability of skills and resources to be allocated to training, low levels of awareness on the pillars of sustainability and widespread skepticism hinder the processes. The research shows a path that has been launched which could be encouraged by education initiatives aimed at the entire supply chain and through the issuance of operational guidelines.
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RIGO, CATERINA. "Slow-Living Habitats. Visioni e scenari per una riconnessione degli spazi abitati nei territori lenti della Regione Marche." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/295541.

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La ricerca indaga gli “habitat a vita lenta”, gli scenari di sviluppo di questi luoghi e il ruolo della progettazione architettonica nella riconnessione dei territori abitati, con un focus sulla Regione Marche. Gli studi sull’evoluzione dello Slow Movement sono combinati alle teorie sui Territori Lenti e le problematiche dell’architettura contemporanea, riflettendo sul rapporto di interdipendenza tra aree urbane e rurali, e sulle pratiche per il progetto di spazi aperti e suoli. Il concetto di Slow-Living Habitats descrive una nuova figura, rispondendo al bisogno di rappresentazione di contesti che sono lenti ma non statici, nella consapevolezza delle sfide globali attuali; funziona anche come una lente per la lettura e l'interpretazione dei territori, ed esprime un'intenzione progettuale, una visione per un modello alternativo di sviluppo basato sui principi di comunità resilienti, economia circolare, accessibilità e mobilità, e progettazione sostenibile. La tesi è organizzata in parti, utilizzando la metodologia research by design, in cui il progetto è considerato come produttore di conoscenza, con un approccio multiscalare; le prospettive di ricerca sono indagate attraverso un glossario eretico, strumenti esplorativi di analisi quali-quantitativa, una raccolta di buone pratiche e azioni progettuali operative. Ogni sezione ha un inquadramento teorico, una parte metodologica che approfondisce strumenti e pratiche, e un focus sul caso studio. I risultati includono la creazione di un “atlante delle Slow-Living Marche” con mappature GIS e un progetto fotografico lungo le valli regionali; tre dei transetti individuati tra le valli fluviali marchigiane (Foglia, Esino e Tronto) sono esplorati come casi studio, con un’analisi dei pattern che evidenzia le principali emergenze e gli scenari esplorativi, e tre azioni meta-progettuali sono implementate per la rigenerazione delle aree indagate, verso una strategia di riconnessione lenta dei territori.
The research investigates the Slow-Living Habitats, the development scenarios for these places, and the role of architectural design in the reconnection of inhabited territories, with a focus on the Marche Region. The studies on the evolution of the Slow Movement are combined with the theories on the concept of Slow Territories and the issues of contemporary architecture, reflecting on the relationship of interdependence between urban and rural areas, and the open space and soil design practices. The concept of Slow-Living Habitats describes a new figure, responding to the need for representation of contexts that are slow but not static, in the perspective given by the awareness of the global challenges that habitats face today; it also works as a lens for the reading and the interpretation of territories, and it expresses a design intention, a vision for an alternative model of development based on the principles of resilient communities, circular economy, accessibility and mobility, and sustainable design. The thesis is organised in parts, using the research by design methodology, in which the design is considered as a producer of knowledge, with a multiscalar approach; research perspectives are investigated through a heretic glossary, explorative tools for quali-quantitative analysis, a collection of best practices and operative design actions. Every section has a theoretical framework, a methodological part deepening tools and practices, and a focus on the case study. Results include the creation of an “atlas on Slow-Living Marche” with GIS maps and a photographic project through the regional valleys; three of the transects identified among the river valleys in the Marche Region (Foglia, Esino and Tronto) are explored as case studies, with pattern analysis and explorative scenarios, and three meta-design actions are implemented for the regeneration of the investigated areas, towards a strategy of slow reconnection of the territories.
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Bereišaitė, Rasa. "Poveikio aplinkai vertinimo Kauno regione procedūrų ir visuomenės dalyvavimo jose analizė." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100614_085004-19195.

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Atsižvelgiant į tai, kad realus visuomenės dalyvavimas Lietuvoje atliekamose poveikio aplinkai vertinimo (PAV) procedūrose iki šiol mažai nagrinėtas, buvo atlikta Kauno regione vykdytų poveikio aplinkai vertinimo procedūrų ir visuomenės dalyvavimo jose analizė. Tyrimo metu buvo išanalizuota visi Kauno regione 2005-2009 m. pateikti poveikio aplinkai vertinimo proceso dokumentai, nustatytas visuomenės dalyvavimas juose, taip pat buvo atlikta apklausa, kurios metu buvo siekiama išsiaiškinti, pasyvaus visuomenės dalyvavimo priežastis. Atlikus Lietuvos Respublikos Poveikio aplinkai vertinimo įstatymų ir poįstatyminių teisės aktų analizę nustatyta, jog Lietuvoje yra sudarytos ES reikalavimus atitinkančios visuomenės dalyvavimo PAV procese sąlygos. Visuomenės dalyvavimo PAV procedūrose aktyvumas yra labai mažas: 2005-2009 m. visuomenė pareiškė savo nuomonę tik dėl 1,9-3,1 % vykdytų projektų atrankų dėl PAV būtinumo procedūrų; PAV programos rengimo procese, kur visuomenė gali daryti didžiausią įtaką visam PAV procesui, motyvuotų pasiūlymų iš viso nebuvo sulaukta; Supažindinimo su PAV ataskaita metu visuomenė nebuvo aktyvi ir motyvuotų pasiūlymų buvo sulaukta tik vienai 2007 m. parengtai ataskaitai dėl žvyro ir smėlio telkinio eksploatacijos. Visuomenės ir kitų PAV proceso dalyvių informavimas apie PAV eigą tik formalus, kadangi skelbimai laikraščiuose dažniausiai yra labai mažo formato, įdėti mažiausiai skaitomuose laikraščio puslapiuose, pateikta informacija ne visuomet informatyvi... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
In Kaunas region there has been made the analysis about the procedures of estimation of the effect on environment and society’s participation in it concerned with only a few cases of it having been analyzed. In this analysis there has been analyzed all the documents of the process of the effect on environment estimation that were received in 2005-2009 years in Kaunas. In the analysis there is defined the participation of society in this process, and also the testing has been made. It was tried to solve the reasons of passive participation of the society in the process of estimation of the effect on environment. The results of the analysis of Lithuania Republic Statute of Estimation of the effect on environment and the deeds of law have shown that in Lithuania there are all the conditions for the society to participate in this process, and all the conditions are defined by European Union requirements. The activity of the society’s participation in this process is very low: in 2005-2009 years the society expressed its opinion only about 1, 9- 3, 1 % of the selection of the projects that has been carried out in case to solve the necessity of the procedures. In the process of preparation of those procedures, in which the society can make the biggest influence to all the process, there has been received no motivate propositions. In the introduction of this process report to society, it was not active, there was only one motivate proposal to the report of the exploitation of sand... [to full text]
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Berritta, Sofia. "Principi e orientamenti per la progettazione di edilizia residenziale ecocompatibile. Riflessioni per le aree del Mediterraneo." Thesis, Universita' degli Studi di Catania, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/383.

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La ricerca di efficienza energetica nel settore delle costruzioni, progressivamente accelerata dalle condizioni di crisi legate alla scarsita' di combustibili fossili e all'elevato livello di inquinamento ambientale, e la ricerca di materiali e tecniche per la realizzazione di edifici progettati secondo i principi della sostenibilita' e della bioedilizia, sono diventati nel corso dell'ultimo trentennio un obiettivo strategico di grandi e piccoli operatori del settore edile in sinergia con le parti politiche e amministrative attraverso leggi e normative. Il modo migliore per affrontare il progetto architettonico e' quindi quello di porsi dalla parte della natura, tornando in un certo senso all'uso di un linguaggio semplice, tradizionale, sostenibile a quel(...) linguaggio dell'architettura sostenibile, in passato poco considerato, anzi criticato che sta diventando uno dei linguaggi perseguibili nell' architettura contemporanea, anche in virtu' della maturazione di nuove e sofisticate tecnologie: la trasparenza, l'energia e i materiali innovativi. Questa tendenza si dovrebbe esplicare poi, in modo particolare, nella preferenza di utilizzare materiali spesso ripresi dalla cultura costruttiva locale, semiartigianali, e comunque caratterizzati da processi trasformativi semplici, a partire da materie prime naturali rinnovabili e/o di disponibilita' non limitata. La ricerca, traendo spunto da queste problematiche, affronta cosi' il tema della progettazione di edifici per la residenza secondo i principi della bioedilizia e della sostenibilita' ambientale, ponendosi come obiettivo finale quello della stesura di un elenco di principi che orientino, attraverso un insieme di criteri e parametri, l'intero processo progettuale ecocompatibile, per rientrare in una progettazione accorta rispetto alle caratteristiche del clima e del territorio, legata all' esigenza di costruire edifici a basso impatto e a basso consumo energetico, dove la struttura stessa si inserisce riuscendo a diventare quel rifugio confortevole che l'uomo da sempre ricerca. Orientare una progettazione ecocompatibile significa anche indirizzare nella scelta di prodotti e tecniche costruttive che siano in grado di garantire la "durabilita' " del costruito, riuscendo a garantire un aumento dell'efficienza energetica degli edifici con ridotti consumi energetici.
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Topping, Geoffrey John. "Positron emission tomography region of interest and parametric image analysis methods for severely-lesioned small animal disease models." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2654.

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Small animal positron emission tomography (PET) image analysis can be particularly challenging with heavily-lesioned animal disease models with limited tracer uptake such as the 6-hydroxydopamine (OHDA) lesioned rat model of Parkinson's disease. Methodology-related variations in measured values of 10% or 15% can obscure meaningful biological differences, so accurate analysis methods are essential. However, placing regions of interest (ROIs) on these images without additional guidance is unreliable, and can lead to significant errors in results. To address this problem, this work develops a partly atlas-guided method place ROIs on structures that lack specific binding with presynaptic dopaminergic tracers. The method is tested by correlation of PET binding potential (BP) with autoradiographic binding measurements, and with repeated PET scans of the same subjects, both with the presynaptic tracer ¹¹C-dihydrotetrabenazine (DTBZ). The method is found to produce reliable results. When directly comparing PET images of the same subject to detect changes, it is essential to minimize variations due to analysis method. To this end, a masking method for automated image registration (AIR) of PET images with dopaminergic tracer rat images is developed. Coregistration with AIR and separate ROI placement are compared and tested with repeated scans of the same rat with DTBZ, and are found to be equivalent. Kinetic modelling algorithms may also introduce bias or scatter to binding potentials (BP) calculated from TACs or in parametric images. To determine the optimal method for this step, algorithms for dopaminergic tracers are compared for small animal DTBZ, ¹¹C-methylphenidate (MP), and ¹¹C-raclopride (Rac) data. Among the tested methods is a new variant of the Logan graphical kinetic modelling method, developed in this work, that issignificantly less biased by target tissue TAC noise than the standard Logan approach. The modified graphical method is further compared with the Logan graphical algorithms with added-noise simulations. The simplified reference tissue model (SRTM) is found to have the best method for ROI TAC data, while the modified graphical algorithm may be preferred when generating parametric images.
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Pešl, Dmitrij. "Měření ekonomické výkonnosti regionů." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264616.

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The aim of this diploma thesis is to cover the catching up with the economic level among the countries of middle and eastern Europe. More accurately it analyses GDP per capita and household income per capita as one of the key economic indicators. The thesis concretely focuses on analysis of beta and sigma convergence and cluster analysis of the mentioned regions and concurrently at the background of the analysis explains some theoretical terms from areas of economics, econometrics and statistics. The analysis was concluded in IBM SPSS programme which belongs to the most complex, user friendly and professionally often used expert tools. The data for the analysis were used from Eurostat.
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Laflamme, Paul. "Diseases of field pea, Pisum sativum L., in the Peace River Region of Alberta." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ37569.pdf.

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Books on the topic "PeV region"

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Regioni d'Italia. 9th ed. Milano: Mondadori, 1991.

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Cristina, Troso, ed. Guida all'Italia archeologica: Regione per regione. Casale Monferrato (AL) [i.e. Alessandria, Italy]: Piemme, 2007.

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Inc, Brightmeadow, ed. Have pet will travel guide: South Central region. St. Louis, Mo: Brightmeadow, 1995.

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Caricato, Luigi. Oli d'Italia: Guida agli extra vergini regione per regione. Milano: A. Mondadori, 2001.

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Morandi, Giancarlo. Per una riforma delle regioni. Milano, Italy: F. Angeli, 1989.

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Marina, Fuschi, ed. Per una regione medioadriatica: Città, territorio, economia. Milano, Italy: FrancoAngeli, 2006.

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Vittorio, Ghetti, ed. Stato, regioni, mercato per una sanità migliore. Milano: FrancoAngeli, 1997.

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Field pea production manual, northern and central regions. [Edmonton, Alta.]: Alberta Agriculture, 1989.

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Simona, Montruccoli, ed. Milano: Da posta per cavalli a città regione. Barzago (Lecco): Marna, 2002.

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Anufriev, Valeriy, Yuliya Gudim, and Aytkali Kaminov. Sustainable development. Energy efficiency. Green economy. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1226403.

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The monograph examines the problems of sustainable development and energy efficiency using the scientific and methodological approach proposed by the authors for the development of regional fuel and energy programs based on the KhMAO, the Sverdlovsk region, and the oil and gas production enterprise JSC Yuganskneftegaz, and presents the results of the environmental and economic assessment. This approach allows us to evaluate and select the most effective investment project for the utilization of associated petroleum gas from the point of view of energy, environmental and climate security on comparable indicators (tons, rubles). The authors proposed to distinguish from more than 200 UN indicators four basic indicators: the change in the green area (country, region, city, household) for the year; the level of energy efficiency; the amount of pollutants released per year; the annual amount of greenhouse gas emissions. It is proposed to consider the possibility of using the" energy " ruble of S. A. Podolinsky (kW / h) as a possible world reserve currency. Taking into account the unique experience of the region's participation in various projects of sustainable development, energy-efficient and low-carbon economy, it is proposed to create a market for waste and greenhouse gas emissions on the basis of the trade exchange of the Sverdlovsk region as a pilot platform for the implementation of the green economy. The history of the term "green economy", the essence of this concept is considered; the results of the application of green economy in different countries are shown. The international experience of green solutions and technologies is analyzed, the psychological aspects of the transition to a green economy are studied. For all those interested in the environmental development of the economy.
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Book chapters on the topic "PeV region"

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Mohnike, Wolfgang, Gustav Hör, and Heinrich Schelbert. "Kopf-Hals-Region." In PET/CT-Atlas, 633–728. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17805-4_9.

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Rambaldi, Pier Francesco. "Squamous Neoplasia of the Subglottic Region." In Whole-Body FDG PET Imaging in Oncology, 23–24. Milano: Springer Milan, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5295-6_5.

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Echeverría, Javier, Narel Y. Paniagua-Zambrana, and Rainer W. Bussmann. "Gilia laciniata Ruiz & Pav. Polemoniaceae." In Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, 1–2. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77093-2_130-1.

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Echeverría, Javier, Narel Y. Paniagua-Zambrana, and Rainer W. Bussmann. "Gilia laciniata Ruiz & Pav. Polemoniaceae." In Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, 909–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28933-1_130.

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Barattini, M., P. Pieraccioni, and S. Cipani. "Ecografia della regione anteriore del collo per la tracheostomia percutanea." In Ecocardiografia per l’intensivista, 287–88. Milano: Springer Milan, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1384-1_32.

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Paniagua-Zambrana, Narel Y., Rainer W. Bussmann, and Carolina Romero. "Lachemilla pinnata (Ruiz & Pav.) Rothm. Rosaceae." In Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77093-2_159-1.

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Paniagua-Zambrana, Narel Y., and Rainer W. Bussmann. "Ligaria cuneifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Tiegh. Loranthaceae." In Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, 1–2. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77093-2_167-1.

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Paniagua-Zambrana, Narel Y., Rainer W. Bussmann, Carolina Romero, and Javier Echeverría. "Baccharis latifolia (Ruiz. & Pav.) Pers. Asteraceae." In Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, 1–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77093-2_305-1.

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Paniagua-Zambrana, Narel Y., Rainer W. Bussmann, and Carolina Romero. "Lachemilla pinnata (Ruiz & Pav.) Rothm. Rosaceae." In Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, 1039–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28933-1_159.

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Paniagua-Zambrana, Narel Y., and Rainer W. Bussmann. "Ligaria cuneifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Tiegh. Loranthaceae." In Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, 1079–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28933-1_167.

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Conference papers on the topic "PeV region"

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KAMPERT, K. H., T. ANTONI, W. D. APEL, F. BADEA, K. BEKK, A. BERCUCI, M. BERTAINA, et al. "ENERGY SPECTRA AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COSMIC RAYS IN THE PEV REGION." In Proceedings of the International Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812702999_0024.

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Zhang, Ying. "Test of hadronic interaction models in the forward region from 10 TeV to 1 PeV with the new Tibet EAS core data." In 36th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.358.0491.

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Latypova, Vasilisa, Clemence Azra, Elena Bonvech, Dmitry Chernov, Vladimir Galkin, Vladimir Ivanov, Dmitry Podgrudkov, and Tatiana M. Roganova. "Approximation of the lateral distribution function of the Cherenkov light from extensive air showers in the primary energy region 1-100 PeV." In 27th European Cosmic Ray Symposium. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.423.0069.

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Kato, Sei. "Observation of multi-ten TeV to sub-PeV gamma rays from the HESS J1843-033 region with the Tibet air shower array." In 27th European Cosmic Ray Symposium. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.423.0113.

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Ševčík, Michal, and Ondřej Konečný. "Územní diferenciace státních programů podpory regionálního rozvoje coby nástroje regionální politiky ČR v letech 2013-2018." In XXIII. mezinárodní kolokvium o regionálních vědách / 23rd International Colloquium on Regional Sciences. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9610-2020-10.

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The aim of the presented paper is to reveal the territorial differentiation of the use of state regional development support programs financed by the Ministry of Regional Development of the Czech Republic in 2013-2018. Territorial differentiation is examined through three indicators: the share of financial allocation of programs, the share of the number of implemented projects and the financial allocation of programs per capita for individual regions of the Czech Republic. The results of the analysis show that the total amount of financial support for regions varies in the relevant years depending on the nature of regional problems and the time-limited existence of some programs. It was also found that South Bohemian Region which received the largest part of the total allocation in the period, even in terms of per capita, had the largest absorption capacity of the programs. The justification lies in the relatively high support for the remediation of flood damage after 2013. In contrast, the Karlovy Vary region, which is characterized by the localization of a number of "state-supported regions", received a relatively small amount of support compared to other regions (related to size of the area).
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Žárska, Elena. "Hospodárenie s majetkom – Priestor pre vyrovnávanie regionálnych rozdielov?" In XXV. mezinárodní kolokvium o regionálních vědách. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p280-0068-2022-25.

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The financial management of self-governing regions is often examined, but less so their property management. The aim of the paper is to analyze the situation in individual self-governing regions of the Slovak Republic in the time series of 15 years (2005 - 2019) and to identify differences in the method of financing and also in the efficiency of property management. To achieve the goal, two hypotheses were set: H1: The increase in property strength is achieved by increasing the region's debt and H2: The income effect from the region's assets increases with the reproductive power of the assets. The method property creditworthiness was used for the analysis. The results confirmed H1, stating that the source of asset growth is also debt growth (Žilina, Trnava, Prešov region), but several local authorities also significantly use other sources (Nitra, Košice, Trenčín). H2 was only partially confirmed – the regions increased the value of the property, but the income from it was not decisive. This indicates that they have built the infrastructure to provide entrusted services to citizens. The analysis also pointed to the phenomenon that the total value of assets per capita shows significant regional differences over the whole period.
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Gintere, Dana, and Lasma Licite-Kurbe. "Social enterprise profile in the Latvia regions." In 22nd International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2021”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2021.55.029.

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As social entrepreneurs address various socio-economic problems in society, there has also been an increased interest in how social enterprises can support specific regions. In Latvia, social enterprises have been operating for a long time, but only recently the Social Enterprise Law was adopted, which regulates the tasks of social entrepreneurship and the support possibilities. This study highlights the level of entrepreneurship activity in the country as a whole (the number of enterprises and the number of newly established enterprises) and within individual statistical regions in the period from 2018 till 2020, analysing the structure of enterprises and indicators representative of entrepreneurship in Latvia and its regions: the dynamics of the number of enterprises per 100 000 inhabitants. The following hypothesis was made: Social entrepreneurship in the regions of Latvia has a disproportionate impact on socio-economic problems. It was found that social enterprises operate twice as much in Riga region as in any other region of Latvia, which has the lowest poverty index. However, the highest poverty index is found in Latgale region, where proportionally the lowest number of social enterprises operates. Social entrepreneurship can be a successful tool for addressing socio-economic problems in the regions and for regional development. For this development to take place, it would be necessary to develop instruments to support social entrepreneurship with the aim of improving the well-being of all regions, not only the region where the social enterprise operates.
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Alla, Srikrishna, and Artyom M. Grigoryan. "Method of reconstruction of 3-D pet images from projections." In 2006 IEEE Region 5 Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpsd.2006.5507438.

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Masárová, Jana, Eva Koišová, and Monika Gullerová. "Changes in the Educational Structure of the Workforce in Slovakia and Its Regions." In 8th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.2022.203.

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Educational attainment plays a critical role in everybody’s em­ployment options. Education determines human development, and affects the economic development of countries. For this reason, the education­al structure of the population has long been considered an important in­dicator of the overall maturity and development of the country. In connec­tion with technical progress and the use of advanced technologies, the de­mands for tertiary education attainment in the workforce are growing. The purpose of the paper is to evaluate changes in the structure of the work­force in terms of educational attainment in the Slovak Republic and to find the relationship between the educational attainment and economic perfor­mance of the regions of the Slovak Republic. The educational attainment of the workforce in the Slovak Republic is developing positively. However, sig­nificant regional differences have been identified, and it is possible to see a big gap between the Region of Bratislava and the remaining Slovak regions. In recent years, there has been a marked improvement in the educational attainment of the workforce in the Region of Košice. Tertiary education at­tainment of the workforce has an impact on the creation of regional gross domestic product per capita
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Fesenko, R. S. "ASSESSMENT OF THE COMPLIANCE OF THE REGION'S ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT WITH MODERN REQUIREMENTS FOR SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION." In Regional economy and territorial development. INSTITUTE OF PROBLEMS OF REGIONAL ECONOMICS OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52897/978-5-8088-1636-7-2021-15-1-163-170.

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The article proposes a method for assessing the compliance of the region's ecological and economic development with modern requirements for sustainable production and consumption, based on the decomposition of the basic ratio of sustainable production and consumption (maximizing the standard of living per unit of ecological footprint). An assessment of the compliance of the ecological and economic development of the region with the modern requirements of sustainable production and consumption in the regions of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation is carried out according to the proposed method.
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Reports on the topic "PeV region"

1

Sullivan, Michael K. The PEP-N Interaction Region. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/798888.

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L., Tacconi. Regional Synthesis of Payments for Environmental Services (PES) in the Greater Mekong Region. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.17528/cifor/005510.

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Sullivan, Michael K. More on the Interaction Region of PEP-N/. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/787239.

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Sullivan, Michael K. The PEP-II Interaction Region with the BaBar Solenoid. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15097.

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Sheldon, Tamara, Rubal Dua, and Omar Al Harbi. Are Electric Vehicle Subsidies Becoming More Impactful Over Time? King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center (KAPSARC), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2021-dp04.

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Various subsidies for plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) have been implemented worldwide at the federal, state and regional levels. These subsidies aim to promote PEV adoption to help reduce both local air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions (Hardman 2019). In the United States (U.S.), the federal government began subsidizing PEVs in 2010.
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Ecklund, S. High Order Mode Heating Observations in the PEP-II Interaction Region. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/800013.

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Testor, Pierre, Thibaut Wagener, Anthony Bosse, Remy Asselot, Virginie Thierry, and Johannes Karstensen. Estimate of magnitude and drivers of regional carbon variability for both regions. EuroSea, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/eurosea_d7.3.

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This deliverable provides an overview of EuroSea outcomes related to interior ocean carbon variability in deep convection areas in order to assess the linkage of these processes for the use in national climate action (NCA) plans delivered in the framework of the Paris Agreement. In summary, large-scale connectivity in the ocean does not allow clear delineation of patterns of regional carbon uptake across national boundaries, limiting an assessment of the Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ) in light of NCA plans. This problem becomes already clear by a simple scale estimation: considering sluggish, open ocean (away from continental boundaries) advection speeds of 2 cm/s result in a “relocation” of any water parcel by roughly 630 km per year (or 3150 km in 5 years Paris Agreement carbon auditing period) and crossing national borders easily. (EuroSea Deliverable, D7.3)
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Marto, Ricardo, David Suarez, and Lourdes Alvarez. Background Paper: LAC Small Island Development States. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009228.

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Despite the many differences among Caribbean nations, Climate Change (CC) poses a serious threat to them all. Average temperatures in the Region have increased by 0.1° to 0.2°C per decade over the past three decades and rainfall patterns have shifted, with the number of consecutive dry days expected to increase. Additionally, sea level rise has occurred at a rate of about two to four cm per decade over the past 33 years, a trend which presents risks to the Region's freshwater resources and to its largely coastal population dependent on tourism and agriculture.OVE's regional study aims to assess the IDB's role in responding to CC in the Caribbean over the period 2004-2013.
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Ana Kristel, Lapid, Rogelio Mercado Jr, and Peter Rosenkranz. Concentration in Asia’s Cross-Border Banking: Determinants and Impacts. Asian Development Bank, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps210170-2.

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Regional banking systems in Asia and the Pacific are not only increasingly integrated but also tend to be concentrated to a few counterparties only, exposing the region to financial risk and policy spillovers. This study assesses the determinants and impacts of the region’s cross-border banking concentration. It constructs and analyzes cross-border bank concentration measures for 47 economies in Asia and the Pacific from 2000 to 2019. Results suggest that higher capital account, trade openness, and per capita income are significantly associated with lower cross-border bank concentration. Moreover, elevated cross-border bank concentration tends to lower domestic credit growth and nonperforming loans.
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Rutledge, Annamarie, and Leslie (Leslie Alyson) Brandt. Puget Sound Region. Houghton, MI: USDA Northern Forests Climate, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2023.8054016.ch.

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As the climate changes over the 21st century, the Puget Sound region's urban forest will be impacted by changing temperatures and precipitation regimes, leading to implications for the people who depend on its ecosystem services. This report summarizes climate change projections for the Puget Sound region and provides an assessment of tree species vulnerability in the region. We used projected shifts in plant hardiness and heat zones to understand how tree species of interest are projected to tolerate future conditions. We also assessed the adaptability of planted trees to stressors such as drought, flooding, wind damage, and air pollution, as well as environmental conditions such as shade, soils, and restricted rooting using "modification factors"--an adaptability scoring system for planted environments. The region has been warming at a rate of about 0.4°F per decade since 1960, and the average temperature is projected to increase by 5.0°F to 8.6°F by the end of the century compared with the 1971-2000 historical average. Precipitation in the region has been increasing by over 0.5 inches per decade since 1960 and is projected to increase by 2.1 to 3.2 inches by the end of the century compared with the 1971-2000 historical average. By the end of the century, the Puget Sound region is projected to shift from hardiness zones 8-9 to zone 9 completely, and from heat zone 2 to heat zone 3 (RCP4.5) or 6 (RCP8.5), depending on the climate change scenario. Of the evaluated tree species, 27% were rated as having high adaptability, 59% were rated as having medium adaptability, and 14% were rated as having low adaptability. Given that the hardiness zone range is projected to remain within the historical (1980-2009) range, we considered both heat zones alone as well as heat and hardiness zones. Considering heat zones only, most of the assessed tree species fell into the low-moderate vulnerability category (57%), followed by low vulnerability (26%) and moderate vulnerability (17%) under both low and high climate change scenarios. The vulnerability ratings remain the same between low and high climate change scenarios because all assessed tree species are considered suitable under both sets (low and high) of heat zone projections through the end of the century. Considering both heat and hardiness zones, most of the assessed tree species fell into the moderate-high vulnerability category (34%), followed by low-moderate (25%), moderate (18%), low (14%), and high (9%). The vulnerability ratings are the same between low and high climate change scenarios because the projected hardiness zone is the same under both scenarios through the end of the century. The vulnerability of individual species is not the only factor to consider when making urban forestry decisions, and this assessment also contains species diversity and human health as additional factors. These projected changes in climate and their associated impacts and vulnerabilities will have important implications for urban forest management, including the planting and maintenance of street and park trees, equity and environmental justice efforts, and long-term planning from partnerships to green infrastructure.
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