Journal articles on the topic 'Petroleum system model'
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Ghallab, Senan A., Nagwa L. Badr, Abdel Badeeh Salem, and M. F. Tolba. "Strictness Petroleum Prediction System Based on Fuzzy Model." International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology 5, no. 4 (October 2014): 44–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijssmet.2014100104.
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Petroleum exploration and production is an industry that provides researchers with multi-variant challenging “real world” properties. Recently, some petroleum soft computing techniques have gained a greater interest in prediction within the oil industry. This paper is interested in the analysis, classifying, mining and predictions, based on fuzzy as an intelligent system and an intelligent system called the Strictness Petroleum Prediction System (SPPS), predicted results and statues of crude oil wells and they are compared with other measurement petroleum values. The evaluation study applies test cases, regression models and time series forecasting of vague petroleum datasets to achieve more accurate results. A regression model was made to show the effect of re-testing the prediction processes of petroleum factors. Prediction in time series using a non-parametric functional technique is considered, based on data which was collected from different sources (Daqing oilfield in China and distinct oilfields in Yemen).
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Garreto, Maria, Gaspar Gonzalez, Antonio Ramos, and Elizabete Lucas. "Looking for a Model Solvent to Disperse Asphaltenes." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 4, no. 4 (December 15, 2010): 317–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht04.04.317.
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Petroleum could be seen as a system of asphaltenes dispersed in other petroleum components. The petroleum components excluding the asphaltenes are referred to in this paper as Petroleum Medium that Disperses the Asphaltenes – PMDA). This paper proposes a methodology to determine solubility parameter of the PMDA by identifying a model solvent which, when added to the petroleum, does not affect the asphaltenes phase behavior. In order to achieve such objective the asphaltenes precipitation onset (PO) of the petroleum was determined, followed by the identification of a solvent mixture which, when added to the petroleum, does not change the PO. The solubility parameter () of the PMDA was assumed equal to the solubility parameter of the identified solvent mixture.
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Duangnate, Kannika, and James W. Mjelde. "The Role of Pre-Commitments and Engle Curves in Thailand’s Aggregate Energy Demand System." Energies 15, no. 4 (February 21, 2022): 1578. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15041578.
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In the present paper, an investigation into Thailand’s energy demand is performed to determine if: (1) a linear or nonlinear Engel curve better explains the relationship between income and energy consumption, and (2) systems with pre-commitments better model energy consumptions. Four demand systems are estimated: an almost ideal demand system (AIDS), the quadratic almost ideal demand system (QAIDS), generalized almost ideal demand system (GAIDS), and the generalized quadratic almost ideal demand system (GQAIDS). Elasticities are calculated for policy implications. The empirical results suggest that models considering pre-commitments and nonlinear Engel curves may be slightly more appropriate for Thailand’s energy system, from both statistic and economic standpoints. Statistical inferences appear to favor the GQAIDS model based on the encompassing results. Economic reasonability also appears to favor the GQAIDS model, in particular, petroleum products, as it provides results consistent with the notions of precommitments and fuel substitutability found in previous studies. Most of the previous studies in various forms have shown that the demand for petroleum products is relatively inelastic to price in Thailand. The current study, however, finds that own-price elasticities of uncompensated demand for petroleum products are almost unitary, which is relatively more elastic than most of the previous studies. As such, further studies are required and the price-based policy on petroleum products targeting the reduction in petroleum product dependence must be implemented with caution.
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Hamzeh, Mohamad, and Farid Karimipour. "An ABC-optimized fuzzy ELECTRE approach for assessing petroleum potential at the petroleum system level." Open Geosciences 12, no. 1 (August 6, 2020): 580–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geo-2020-0159.
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AbstractAn inevitable aspect of modern petroleum exploration is the simultaneous consideration of large, complex, and disparate spatial data sets. In this context, the present article proposes the optimized fuzzy ELECTRE (OFE) approach based on combining the artificial bee colony (ABC) optimization algorithm, fuzzy logic, and an outranking method to assess petroleum potential at the petroleum system level in a spatial framework using experts’ knowledge and the information available in the discovered petroleum accumulations simultaneously. It uses the characteristics of the essential elements of a petroleum system as key criteria. To demonstrate the approach, a case study was conducted on the Red River petroleum system of the Williston Basin. Having completed the assorted preprocessing steps, eight spatial data sets associated with the criteria were integrated using the OFE to produce a map that makes it possible to delineate the areas with the highest petroleum potential and the lowest risk for further exploratory investigations. The success and prediction rate curves were used to measure the performance of the model. Both success and prediction accuracies lie in the range of 80–90%, indicating an excellent model performance. Considering the five-class petroleum potential, the proposed approach outperforms the spatial models used in the previous studies. In addition, comparing the results of the FE and OFE indicated that the optimization of the weights by the ABC algorithm has improved accuracy by approximately 15%, namely, a relatively higher success rate and lower risk in petroleum exploration.
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Egede, Hephzibah. "AFRICAN ‘SOCIAL ORDERING’ GRUNDNORMS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN AFRICAN LEX PETROLEA?" Denning Law Journal 28 (November 15, 2016): 138–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/dlj.v28i0.1273.
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This article interrogates the constitutional relevance of African social ordering rules in petroleum governance in Sub-Saharan African petroleum producing states. At the apex of the hierarchized African legal system is the national constitution which contains the basic norm or grundnorm derived from Western received law. Yet some African scholars have described African social ordering norms as grundnorms. This goes contrary to the conventional positivist position that “a legal system cannot be founded on two conflicting grundnorms.” This article will consider whether African social ordering norms have attained the level of a grundnorm as expounded in Kelsen’s pure theory. Utilising the Ekeh’s “two publics” model, it investigates how the basic norm for African social ordering grundnorms is presupposed.The article considers whether there is a conflict between the domanial system of state ownership as approved by African national constitutions and indigenous African social ordering norms premised on communitarianism. The article presents for analysis the recent study undertaken by African Petroleum Producers Association (APPA). This study considers whether it is possible to standardise the rules of petroleum contractual governance in Africa. This has led to some discussion on whether the standardisation of these rules could lead to the development of an African Lex Petrolea. This article explores the role that African social ordering norms can play in the development of a continent-wide Lex Petrolea.
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Arab Amiri, Mohammad, Mohammad Karimi, and Abbas Alimohammadi Sarab. "Hydrocarbon resources potential mapping using evidential belief functions and frequency ratio approaches, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 52, no. 3 (March 2015): 182–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2013-0193.
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The purpose of the present study is to model the hydrocarbon resources potential mapping using geographic information systems (GIS). The presented method is based on petroleum system concepts; therefore, petroleum system elements were used to define criteria for petroleum potential mapping. Several statistical methods can be used to effectively predict potential areas for hydrocarbon resources. In this study, two statistical methods were used (frequency ratio and evidential belief functions) to predict the potential distribution of petroleum resources in the study area. A case study in the Red River – Red River petroleum system of the Canadian Williston Basin in southeastern Saskatchewan in Canada is proposed to assess the feasibility of this new modelling technique. The accuracy of the hydrocarbon potential maps was evaluated by success rate and prediction rate efficiency curves. The resultant petroleum potential maps resulted in delineation of high-potential zones occupying about 15% of the study area. The validation results showed that the prediction rate for the best model is 88.14%. This study was carried out at a regional scale; therefore, the results can be used to guide exploration works at early stages.
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Abu-Ali, Mahdi A., Jean-Luc L. Rudkiewicz, Jim G. McGillivray, and Françoise Behar. "Paleozoic Petroleum System of Central Saudi Arabia." GeoArabia 4, no. 3 (July 1, 1999): 321–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/geoarabia0403321.
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ABSTRACT An integrated geochemical model was developed to reconstruct the history of expulsion, migration and entrapment of Paleozoic oil and gas in the main regional Permian Unayzah Sandstone Reservoir in Central Saudi Arabia. The model indicates that by the Late Jurassic, approximately 140 million years ago (Ma), the principal Paleozoic source rock, the Lower Silurian Qusaiba “hot” shale, was mature in the deepest hydrocarbon “kitchens”. Hydrocarbon expulsion started during the Aptian and Albian (late Early to early Middle Cretaceous, 100 to 120 Ma). Expulsion of oil and gas is linked to three geochemical events. Primary kerogen cracking led to a first episode of expulsion about 120 Ma. Secondary heavy component and oil cracking resulted in a second episode of expulsion at approximately 100 Ma. Between 20 to 10 Ma, later uplift, and the resulting pressure drop in the source rock, led to a third expulsion phase. The first two expulsion episodes were gradual, whereas the third was more rapid and related to uplift of the Arabian Arch, opening of the Red Sea and the Zagros Orogeny during the Miocene. Expulsion of oil nearly terminated after the Late Cretaceous, while gas continued to be expelled, though at a lower rate, in the Tertiary. Peak gas expulsion occurred post Early Eocene with significant gas generation from secondary cracking of oil retained in the source rock. Gas was sourced either directly from kerogen, or from secondary cracking of heavy absorbed components or non-migrated oils. The expulsion of gas coincides with oil expulsion for the first two episodes because the gas and oil formed as a single phase. As a result of Tertiary Uplift, gas separated from the oil and re-migrated in the final episode (20 to 10 Ma).
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Gao, Cui Juan, and Da Peng Li. "Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment on Environmental Impact of Petroleum Project." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 734–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.734.
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The fuzzy comprehensive assessment method has proven effective in increasing the understanding of complex systems, including environmental systems. A fuzzy comprehensive assessment model of environmental impact of petroleum project is presented. The model utilizes factor set to represent environmental impact factors and evaluation set to environmental impact level. And it constructs the evaluation index system based on "pressure-state-response" model, and selects advantage indicators using the analysis hierarchy process, and determines the grading standard of environmental impact level. The results produced by this model reveal the degree of environmental impact caused by petroleum project.
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OvueleloloOkorodudu, Franklin, Philip OgheneogagaOkorodudu, and Ekerikevwe Kennedy Irikefe. "A MODEL OF PETROLEUM PIPELINE SPILLAGE DETECTION SYSTEM FOR USE IN THE NIGER DELTA REGION OF NIGERIA." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 4, no. 12 (December 31, 2016): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v4.i12.2016.2385.
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In recent times, petroleum pipeline vandalism resulting into spillage has become a significant challenge in Nigeria. Citizens are regularly inundated with reported cases of vandalism which often lead to spillage and a drastic reduction in government’s revenue as is currently the case in Nigeria. This paper focuses on the design of petroleum pipeline spillage detection system. The design consists of the power supply unit, the comparator unit, the microcontroller unit, the switching unit, the transceiver unit and the base station. Simulation of the various units was done individually using the procedural programming application Proteus 8. Most of the components used were according to design specifications from data book with alternatives used in cases where they are unavailable. Wiring sensors which provided continuous electrical paths to break the signal path and trigger an alarm at the base station were used The design was done in units and were tested individually and the whole system was tested to perform the required task of detecting petroleum spillage and alerting the control room for action. It is found that the designed system had the advantage of responding to intrusion and vandalism better than existing systems.
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Correa-García, Sara, Pranav Pande, Armand Séguin, Marc St-Arnaud, and Etienne Yergeau. "Rhizoremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons: a model system for plant microbiome manipulation." Microbial Biotechnology 11, no. 5 (July 31, 2018): 819–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.13303.
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Guo, Dan, and Changqing Zhang. "Evaluation of Cost Management Controlling System in Petroleum Enterprise." Open Petroleum Engineering Journal 8, no. 1 (August 19, 2015): 358–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874834101508010358.
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In this paper, a model of cost management controlling system was established for implementation and supervision of strategic management in petroleum enterprise. Using this model, various controlling methods are divided into five grades under different strategies. Each grade is assigned a value by the expert scoring method, and the scores of cost management controlling system could be calculated. If the score is greater than zero, the cost management controlling system will have a positive effect on strategy; if the score is less than zero, it will have a negative effect on strategy. With the method proposed, the cost management evaluation of the fourth oil recovery company of Daqing Oilfield was carried out and the results were reasonable.
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Gibson, Richard G., and Leon I. P. Dzou. "Shelf petroleum system of the Columbus basin, offshore Trinidad, West Indies. II. Field geochemistry and petroleum migration model." Marine and Petroleum Geology 21, no. 1 (January 2004): 109–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2003.11.002.
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Fang, Yun Zhi, Zhen Min Ma, and Yun Yun Luo. "Research on Vulnerability of Aquifer to Petroleum Hydrocarbon Basing on the ANN and GIS." Applied Mechanics and Materials 319 (May 2013): 331–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.319.331.
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We set the karst fissure water where a oil refinery is located as a study object. Quantitative method of vulnerability analysis is raised for petroleum hydrocarbon contamination groundwater system in multiple factor combination conditions.We established the ANN model structure depending on the selected evaluation factors and obtained the weight of each factor coefficient, then superposed the weights of each factor thematic layer by applying ANN and GIS,and put forward model system of vulnerability analysis which petroleum hydrocarbon contaminate groundwater aquifer. Spatial distribution of antifouling performance is finally achieved of which groundwater aquifer is polluted by petroleum hydrocarbon.
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Chen, Z., G. H. Huang, and J. B. Li. "A GIS-based modeling system for petroleum waste management." Water Science and Technology 47, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 309–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0072.
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With an urgent need for effective management of petroleum-contaminated sites, a GIS-aided simulation (GISSIM) system is presented in this study. The GISSIM contains two components: an advanced 3D numerical model and a geographical information system (GIS), which are integrated within a general framework. The modeling component undertakes simulation for the fate of contaminants in subsurface unsaturated and saturated zones. The GIS component is used in three areas throughout the system development and implementation process: (i) managing spatial and non-spatial databases; (ii) linking inputs, model, and outputs; and (iii) providing an interface between the GISSIM and its users. The developed system is applied to a North American case study. Concentrations of benzene, toluene, and xylenes in groundwater under a petroleum-contaminated site are dynamically simulated. Reasonable outputs have been obtained and presented graphically. They provide quantitative and scientific bases for further assessment of site-contamination impacts and risks, as well as decisions on practical remediation actions.
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Juell, Aleksander, Curtis H. Whitson, and Mohammad Faizul Hoda. "Model-Based Integration and Optimization—Gas-Cycling Benchmark." SPE Journal 15, no. 02 (April 7, 2010): 646–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/121252-pa.
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Summary A benchmark for computational integration of petroleum operations has been constructed. The benchmark consists of two gas/ condensate reservoirs producing to a common process facility. A fraction of the processed gas is distributed between the two reservoirs for gas injection. Total project economics is calculated from the produced streams and process-related costs. This benchmark may be used to compare different computational integration frameworks and optimization strategies. Even though this benchmark aims to integrate all parts of a petroleum operation, from upstream to downstream, certain simplifications are made. For example, pipe flow from reservoir to process facility is not included in the integrated model. The methods of model integration and optimization discussed in this paper are applicable to complex petroleum operations where it is difficult to quantify cause and effect without comprehensive model-based integration. A framework for integration of models describing petroleum operations has been developed. An example test problem is described and studied in detail. Substantial gains in full-field development may be achieved by optimizing over the entire production system. All models and data in the benchmark problem are made available so that different software platforms can study the effects of alternative integration methods and optimization solver strategy. The project itself can, and probably should, be extended by others to add more complexity (realism) to the reservoir, process, and economics modeling.
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Abeed, Qusay, Ralf Littke, Frank Strozyk, and Anna K. Uffmann. "The Upper Jurassic–Cretaceous petroleum system of southern Iraq: A 3-D basin modelling study." GeoArabia 18, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 179–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/geoarabia1801179.
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ABSTRACT A 3-D basin model of the southern Mesopotamian Basin, southern Iraq, was built in order to quantify key aspects of the petroleum system. The model is based on detailed seismic interpretation and organic geochemical data, both for source rocks and oils. Bulk kinetic analysis for three source rock samples was used to quantify petroleum generation characteristics and to estimate the temperature and timing of petroleum generation. These analyses indicate that petroleum generation from the Yamama source rock (one of the main source rocks in the study area) starts at relatively low temperatures of 70–80°C, which is typical for Type II-S kerogen at low to moderate heating rates typical of sedimentary basins. Petroleum system analysis was achieved using the results from 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D basin modelling, the latter being the major focus of this study. The 1-D model reveals that the Upper Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous sediments are now within the oil window, whereas the formations that overlie the Yamama Formation are still immature in the entire study area. Present-day temperature reflects the maximum temperature of the sedimentary sequence, which indicates that no strong regional uplift affected the sedimentary rocks in the past. The 3-D model results indicate that oil generation in the Yamama source rock already commenced in the Cretaceous. At some locations of the basin this source rock reaches a present-day maximum temperature of 140–150°C. The most common migration pathways are in the vertical direction, i.e. direct migration upward from the source rock to the reservoir. This is partly related to the fact that the Lower Cretaceous reservoir horizons in southern Iraq directly overlay the source rock.
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Aulia, Fira, Ikbal Yasin, Yuri Rahmanto, and Rahmat Trialih. "Web-Based Petroleum Sales Accounting Information System." Jurnal Ilmiah Sistem Informasi Akuntansi 2, no. 2 (November 30, 2022): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33365/jimasia.v2i2.2016.
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PT Radha Pratama Jaya is a business engaged in the sale of petroleum. Operations at PT Radha Pratama Jaya are carried out every day. With such an operating system, company management requires fast and accurate accounting information. So that the application of an accounting information system is needed by companies to get good information in order to facilitate the company's business activities. There are many sales transactions carried out in a day at PT Radha Pratama Jaya, and it causes employees to be unable to record transactions quickly. The use of computers that are still minimal because they still use a manual system makes the risk of misrepresentation very large. In addition, the archiving technique is not good, sales documents do not have duplicate documents so documents are easily lost because the storage is not good. The objective to be achieved in this study is to design a Web-Based Petroleum Sales Accounting Information System that is expected to be used by the Admin and sales department in assisting the Purchase and Sale of Petroleum at PT Radha Pratama Jaya. The method used in system development in this study is a prototype model because in the development of this system avoids time delays and costs far above what is budgeted to get a system that meets the needs of users. The result of this study is the processing of sales accounting information system data at PT Radha Pratama Jaya Bandar Lampung, currently, the data processing is still manual, resulting in the creation and search of purchase and sales reports needed by the leadership to be late when needed by the leadership. The Sales Accounting Information System at PT Radha Pratama Jaya Bandar Lampung can facilitate the search and update of data that will be used for the creation and search of Purchase and Sales reports needed by leaders
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Wang, Chia-Nan, Nhat-Luong Nhieu, Kim-Phong Tran, and Yen-Hui Wang. "Sustainable Integrated Fuzzy Optimization for Multimodal Petroleum Supply Chain Design with Pipeline System: The Case Study of Vietnam." Axioms 11, no. 2 (January 31, 2022): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms11020060.
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Over the years, oil-related energy sources have played an irreplaceable role in both developed and developing countries. Therefore, the efficiency of petroleum supply chains is a key factor that significantly affects the economy. This research aimed to optimize the configuration of the uncertainty multimodal petroleum supply chain in terms of economy, energy and environment (3E assessment). This study proposes a novel integration methodology between a heuristic algorithm and exact solution optimization. In the first stage, this study determines the facilities’ potential geographical coordinates using heuristic algorithm. Then, the fuzzy min-max goal programming model (FMMGPM) was developed to find the multi-objective solutions. In particular, this model allows analysis of supply chain uncertainty through simultaneous factors such as demand, resource, cost and price. These uncertainty factors are expressed as triangular fuzzy parameters that can be analyzed in terms of both probability and magnitude. Moreover, the model is applied to the entire petroleum supply chain in Vietnam, including downstream and upstream activities. In addition, another novelty is that for the first time, pipeline systems in logistics activities are considered in Vietnam’s petroleum supply chain optimization study. The results also show the short-term and long-term benefits of developing a pipeline system for oil transportation in Vietnam’s petroleum supply chain. To evaluate the effects of uncertainty on design decisions, this study also performed a sensitivity analysis with scenarios constructed based on different magnitudes and probabilities of uncertainty.
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Sardjono, Wahyu, Haryoto Kusnoputranto, Tri Edhi Budhi Soesilo, and A. Kristanto. "System Dynamics Modeling for Petroleum Exploitation Using the ‘Drifting Goals’ Standard Model." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 794, no. 1 (July 1, 2021): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/794/1/012029.
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Oppo, Davide, Rossella Capozzi, and Vincenzo Picotti. "A new model of the petroleum system in the Northern Apennines, Italy." Marine and Petroleum Geology 48 (December 2013): 57–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.06.005.
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Abu-Ali, Mahdi, and Ralf Littke. "Paleozoic petroleum systems of Saudi Arabia: a basin modeling approach." GeoArabia 10, no. 3 (July 1, 2005): 131–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/geoarabia1003131.
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ABSTRACT The major Paleozoic petroleum system of Saudi Arabia is qualitatively characterized by a proven Silurian (Qusaiba Member, Qalibah Formation) source rock, Devonian (Jauf Formation), Permian and Carboniferous (Khuff and Unayzah formations) reservoirs, a laterally extensive, regional Permian seal (basal Khuff clastics and Khuff evaporites), and four-way closed Hercynian structures. Hydrocarbons found in these systems include non-associated gas in Eastern Arabia and extra light oil in Central Arabia. A basin modeling approach was used to quantify important aspects of the petroleum system. Firstly, seventeen regional wells were selected to establish a reference tool for the three-dimensional (3-D) basin model using multiple one-dimensional (1-D) models. This was accomplished by studying core material from source rocks and other lithologies for thermal maturity and kerogen quality. The major emphasis was on the Silurian section, other Paleozoic intervals and to a lesser extent on the Mesozoic cover from which only few samples were studied. Although vitrinite macerals, solid bitumen, and other vitrinite-like particles were not abundant in most of the investigated samples, enough measured data established valid maturity-depth trends allowing for calibrated models of temperature history. Sensitivity analyses for maturity support the view that thermal boundary conditions and Hercynian uplift and erosion did not greatly influence the Paleozoic petroleum systems. Secondly, a 3-D basin model was constructed using major geologic horizon maps spanning the whole stratigraphic column. This model was used to gain insight into the general maturity distribution, acquire a better control of the model boundary conditions and investigate charge, drainage, migration and filling history of the main Paleozoic reservoirs. The 3-D hydrocarbon migration simulation results qualitatively account for the present gas accumulations in the Permian-Early Triassic Khuff and Carboniferous-Permian Unayzah reservoirs in the Ghawar area. This kind of study illustrates the importance of basin modeling when used with other geologic data to describe petroleum systems. It provides a predictive exploratory tool for efficiently modeling hydrocarbon distribution from known fields. Real earth models can only be described in 3-D as pressure variations and fluid movements in the subsurface are impossible to address in 1-D and 2-D domains.
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Sulistyarso, Harry Budiharjo, Dyah Ayu Irawati, Joko Pamungkas, and Indah Widiyaningsih. "Design of Petroleum Physical Properties Prediction Application." RSF Conference Series: Engineering and Technology 1, no. 1 (December 23, 2021): 610–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31098/cset.v1i1.437.
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Based on the results of previous studies regarding the modeling of the physical properties of petroleum, a mathematical model has been built to calculate the prediction of the physical properties of petroleum. The prediction is based on viscosity, interfacial tension, and density data from the EOR laboratory in UPN Veteran Yogyakarta. The model still cannot be used independently without the Python environment, so to be used easily by more users, the model must be built into an independent application that can be installed on the user's device. In this research, the application design for the physical properties of petroleum prediction application will be carried out. The application is built using the Multivariate Polynomial Regression method according to the model to predict the physical properties of petroleum, and uses Naïve Bayes to classify the petroleum, and will be the changing result of the physical properties of petroleum modeling that has been made in a previous study. The shift from model to the application requires several adjustments, including user interface, system, and database adjustments which are implemented as the designs of application. . The design is done before the application is built to suit user needs as the result of the research.
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Hamzeh, Mohamad, and Farid Karimipour. "Petroleum potential assessment using an optimized fuzzy outranking approach: A case study of the Red River petroleum system, Williston Basin." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 38, no. 4 (March 3, 2020): 960–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0144598720910264.
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This paper presents a new approach, called optimized fuzzy Preference Ranking Organization METHod for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE), based on combining fuzzy logic, an outranking method and the cuckoo search optimization algorithm to assess petroleum potential in a spatial framework. The approach brings together flexibility and simplicity to solve petroleum exploration problem under uncertainty using experts’ knowledge and the information associated with the discovered oil pools simultaneously. The characteristics of the essential elements of the petroleum system are used as key criteria in the model. To exemplify the approach, a case study was undertaken in the Red River petroleum system of the Canadian portion of the Williston Basin. Eight datasets related to the selected criteria were integrated by the optimized fuzzy PROMETHEE to create a map that makes it possible to identify the areas of highest petroleum potential. All discovered oil pools in the Red River petroleum system were used in the verification process. The results indicated that the proposed approach can deal effectively with incomplete data and imprecise information, and can be efficiently used in petroleum exploration, thereby reducing the cost and risk of exploration.
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Al-Dabooni, Dr Seaar, and Hussen Ali Mohammad Alshehab. "Self-Learning Controllers in the Oil and Gas Industry." Journal of Petroleum Research and Studies 11, no. 1 (May 7, 2021): 18–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.52716/jprs.v11i1.427.
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Recently, solving the optimization-control problems by using artificial intelligence has widelyappeared in the petroleum fields in exploration and production. This paper presents the stateof-the-art reinforcement-learning algorithm applying in the petroleum optimization-controlproblems, which is called a direct heuristic dynamic programming (DHDP). DHDP has twointeractive artificial neural networks, which are the critic network (provider acritique/evaluated signal) and the actor network (provider a control signal). This paper focuseson a generic on-line learning control system in Markov decision process principles.Furthermore, DHDP is a model-free learning design that does not require prior knowledgeabout a dynamic model; therefore, DHDP can be appllied with any petroleum equipment ordevise directly without needed to drive a mathematical model. Moreover, DHDP learns byitself (self-learning) without human intervention via repeating the interaction between anequipment and environment/process. The equipment receives the states of theenvironment/process via sensors, and the algorithm maximizes the reward by selecting thecorrect optimal action (control signal). A quadruple tank system (QTS) is taken as a benchmarktest problem, that the nonlinear model responses close to the real model, for three reasons:First, QTS is widely used in the most petroleum exploration/production fields (entire system orparts), which consists of four tanks and two electrical-pumps with two pressure control valves.Second, QTS is a difficult model to control, which has a limited zone of operating parametersto be stable; therefore, if DHDP controls on QTS by itself, DHDP can control on otherequipment in a fast and optimal manner. Third, QTS is designed with a multi-input-multioutput (MIMO) model for analysis in the real-time nonlinear dynamic system; therefore, theQTS model has a similar model with most MIMO devises in oil and gas field. The overalllearning control system performance is tested and compared with a proportional integralderivative (PID) via MATLAB programming. DHDP provides enhanced performancecomparing with the PID approach with 99.2466% improvement.
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Grace, John G., and Max Williamson. "THE PAPUA NEW GUINEA STANDARD PETROLEUM AGREEMENT: ITS STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES." APPEA Journal 31, no. 1 (1991): 502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj90046.
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Until the discovery of the Iagifu/Hedinia/Agogo (now called Kutubu) Fields, Papua New Guinea (PNG) petroleum laws followed, in both legislation and administration, the Australian model brought to PNG by the former pre-independence administrators. In particular, exploration and production rights derived from licences issued under the national petroleum legislation.This practice was distinctly different from the State practice of PNG's near neighbours to the north, particularly Indonesia and Malaysia. In those countries rights to explore for and produce petroleum were acquired by entry into a production sharing contract with the State which to a considerable extent was a self-contained legal code.In addition, PNG has developed a unique contractual model which has been grafted on to the existing licensing system. This new model, embodied in a Standard Petroleum Agreement (SPA), incorporates elements of the negotiated petroleum agreements common in countries with a less developed legal system.The scope of this paper is to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the SPA, both internally and against the framework of the PNG legislation, particularly the Petroleum Act, as well as against the background of similar petroleum agreements offered to oil companies by other countries in the region.
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Edwards, D. S., H. I. M. Struckmeyer, M. T. Bradshaw, and J. E. Skinner. "GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF AUSTRALIA'S SOUTHERN MARGIN PETROLEUM SYSTEMS." APPEA Journal 39, no. 1 (1999): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj98017.
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The hydrocarbons discovered to date on the southern margin of Australia have been assigned to the Austral Petroleum Supersystem based on the age of their source rocks and common tectonic history. Modelling of the source facies distribution within this supersystem using tectonic, climatic and geographic history of the southern margin basins, suggests the presence of a variety of source rocks deposited in saline playa lakes, fluvial, lacustrine, deltaic and anoxic marine environments.Testing of the palaeogeographic model using geochemical characteristics of liquid hydrocarbons confirms the three-fold subdivision (Al, A2 and A3) of the Austral Petroleum Supersystem.Bass Basin oils are assigned to the Austral 3, Eastern View Petroleum System. The presence of oleanane in the biomarker assemblages of these oils, together with their negatively sloping, heavy, isotopic profiles, indicate derivation from Upper Cretaceous-Tertiary fluvio–deltaic source facies.In the eastern Otway Basin, oils of the Austral 2, Eumeralla Petroleum System are sourced by Lower Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian) coaly facies. Oil shows reservoired in the Wigunda Formation at Greenly-1 in the Duntroon Basin are possibly sourced from the Borda Formation and are assigned to the Austral 2, Borda Petroleum System.In the western Otway, Duntroon and Bight basins, a lack of definitive oil-source rock correlations precludes the identification of individual Austral 1 petroleum systems.
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Liu, Bao Fa, and Shang Hai Liu. "A Study of Evaluation Model of Human Errors at Risk for the Petroleum Operation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 416-417 (September 2013): 1914–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.416-417.1914.
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Because the petroleum production is larger investment, higher risk, and the traditional risk evaluation tools usually gave an evaluated value only, which being not in accord with the actual, the paper introduces the ideas of Value at Risk into the Human Errors (HEs) quantification for the petroleum operation, and develops the the model of Human Errors at Risk (HEaR) to quantify the HEs. The model can in detail depict the actual risk statuses of production system under different risk conditions.
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Hegarty, Kerry A., Sara S. Foland, Alan C. Cook, Paul F. Green, and Ian R. Duddy. "Direct measurement of timing: Underpinning a reliable petroleum system model for the Mid-Continent rift system." AAPG Bulletin 91, no. 7 (July 2007): 959–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/02060705012.
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Filho, João C. V. Hohendorff, and Denis J. Schiozer. "Effect of reservoir and production system integration on field production strategy selection." Oil & Gas Science and Technology – Revue d’IFP Energies nouvelles 73 (2018): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2516/ogst/2018042.
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In petroleum engineering studies, the integration of reservoir and production system models can improve production forecasts. As the integration increases computation time, it is important to assess when this integration is necessary and how to choose a suitable coupling methodology. This work analyzes the influence of this integration, for a petroleum field in the development phase, evaluating the effects on the production strategy parameters. We tested a benchmark model based on an offshore field in Brazil so we could validate the solution in a reference known model. This work continues the research of Von Hohendorff Filho and Schiozer (2014, 2017) and aims to improve step 11 of the 12-step reservoir development and management methodology by Schiozer et al. (2015). The solution is tested in a reference model. Using the integrated production system and reservoir models from step 11 of the methodology, we re-optimize the production strategy of a standalone production development, while evaluating net present value as the objective function. We adapted an assisted workflow to include the optimization of new variables, such as pipe diameters of the well systems and gathering systems, platform positions, and artificial lift application, and compared these with the production strategy obtained from the same benchmark in a standalone approach. Comparing the integrated standalone and integrated production strategies, we observed important changes that indicate the need to integrate reservoir and production models. The optimized integrated systems resulted in significantly increased net present values, maintaining the same oil recovery factor while requiring lower initial investment. We implemented the best integrated production strategy and the integrated production strategy derived from the standalone case in the reference model which, in this case, represents a real field (emulating a real situation). Integration in the implementation step impacted the production forecast more than the optimization step, demonstrating the benefits of integrating reservoir and production systems to increase project robustness.
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Pena, Wiki Aji Putra, Lanto Ningrayati Amali, Manda Rohandi, and Edi Setiawan. "Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Berbasis Web Untuk Pendistribusian Gas LPG." Jambura Journal of Informatics 3, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37905/jji.v3i1.10380.
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Jenis gas LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) ukuran 3 kg hanya diperuntukkan bagi masyarakat miskin dan pelaku UKM, tetapi jenis gas ini juga dinikmati oleh masyarakat yang mampu dan pelaku industry. Hal ini terjadi karena tidak adanya sistem pengawasan yang terkomputerisasi mengenai pendistribusian gas LPG 3 kg yang dilakukan oleh agen dan pangkalan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sistem informasi pendistribusian gas LPG 3 kg di PT.P(Persero) Gorontalo berbasis web. Metode pengembangan sistem yang digunakan adalah model Prototype. Penelitian ini menghasilkan sistem aplikasi yang memberikan hak akses bagi admin untuk dapat menginputkan data yang dibutuhkan seperti data pelanggan, data pangkalan, data distribusi ke pangkalan dan data distribusi ke pelanggan. Sistem ini juga dapat mempermudah pihak agen dalam proses pendistribusian gas LPG 3 kg dan membantu PT.P(Persero) Gorontalo dalam proses pengawasan.
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) in 3kg packaging is reserved actually for poor and SMEs, yet the gas is also utilized by well-off people and business owners. This occurs because of the absence of computerized surveillance systems of the gas distribution by the agent and outlet. This study aimed to develop a web-based system of 3kg Liquefied Petroleum Gas information distribution in PT.P(Persero) Gorontalo; a prototype model was used to develop the system. This research resulted in a system that provides access rights for administrators to be able to input required data, such as customer data, outlet data, outlet distribution data, and customer distribution data. The systems also help the process of 3kg Liquefied Petroleum Gas distribution and PT.P(Persero) Gorontalo in terms of the supervision process.
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Wahab, Mohamed S. Abdel. "Petroleum Concessions in Egypt: A Recipe for Disputes?" BCDR International Arbitration Review 7, Issue 1 (June 1, 2020): 73–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/bcdr2021017.
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The Egyptian petroleum sector has recently prospered given the new discoveries and the extensive foreign direct investments injected into the country’s vast mineral resources.This article addresses petroleum concessions governing upstream exploration and exploitation activities. Egypt continues to adopt the production sharing system as the basic contractual model for petroleum exploration and exploitation activities. However, production sharing agreements take the form of legal concessions that regulate the rights and obligations of international oil companies (IOCs), the State and the major State-owned players in the upstream sector, including the Ministry of Petroleum, the Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation (EGCP), the Egyptian Natural Gas Company (EGAS) and the South Valley Egyptian Petroleum Holding Company (GANOPE).These concession agreements are capital intensive instruments involving complex regulation of the parties’ rights and obligations and are normally entered into on the basis of a model template, the most recent of which is that of 2018.This article discusses certain categories of disputes arising in the Egyptian concession agreements practice. The article starts with an overview of the upstream petroleum sector in Egypt and then addresses certain important provisions of the Egyptian model concession agreement, before scrutinizing certain categories of disputes. The article concludes with remarks on the prevailing status quo and the intricacies of Egyptian concession agreements.
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Akopov, A. S., and N. K. Khachatryan. "Simulation Model of an Oil Refinery with a Complex Scheme of Equipment Interaction." Programmnaya Ingeneria 12, no. 6 (September 9, 2021): 319–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/prin.12.319-328.
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The article presents the developed simulation model of an oil refinery. The feature of model is the use of agent-based and discrete-event modelling methods. Another feature is applying heuristic optimization technique to find the best values of key production and resource characteristics of oil refinery equipment interacting within the framework of a complex production scheme to build a refinery plant that provides a deep refining level. At the same time, the objective function of the system is the profit of refinery plant, which takes into account both the sale revenue of petroleum products and operating expenditure. The proposed model is implemented in the AnyLogic system and allows, in particular, maximising the profit of refinery plant at various restrictions, including the volumes of petroleum products supplies required to perform contractual obligations at specified times.
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Kazemi, Yasaman, and Joseph Szmerekovsky. "An optimisation model for downstream petroleum supply chain incorporating geographic information system (GIS)." International Journal of Integrated Supply Management 10, no. 2 (2016): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijism.2016.077049.
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Wang, Yan Qiu, Nai Lian Hu, and Qiu Ying Jin. "Petroleum Enterprise Safety Investment-Benefit System of Gray Relational Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 1259–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.1259.
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Through analyzed the economic value curve of the oil enterprise safety investment and accident losses, it shows that the relationship between safety investment and accident losses was unified coordination instead of opposition. Established the oil enterprise safety investment benefit system of grey correlation model, and analyzed the safety investment factors of the petroleum enterprise and the correlation of security benefit deeply, it eventually determine that the sensitivity factors which affect oil enterprise security benefit is safety education investment.
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Steffens, Bastian, Quentin Corlay, Nathan Suurmeyer, Jessica Noglows, Dan Arnold, and Vasily Demyanov. "Can Agents Model Hydrocarbon Migration for Petroleum System Analysis? A Fast Screening Tool to De-Risk Hydrocarbon Prospects." Energies 15, no. 3 (January 26, 2022): 902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15030902.
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Understanding subsurface hydrocarbon migration is a crucial task for petroleum geoscientists. Hydrocarbons are released from deeply buried and heated source rocks, such as shales with a high organic content. They then migrate upwards through the overlying lithologies. Some hydrocarbon becomes trapped in suitable geological structures that, over a geological timescale, produce viable hydrocarbon reservoirs. This work investigates how intelligent agent models can mimic these complex natural subsurface processes and account for geological uncertainty. Physics-based approaches are commonly used in petroleum system modelling and flow simulation software to identify migration pathways from source rocks to traps. However, the problem with these simulations is that they are computationally demanding, making them infeasible for extensive uncertainty quantification. In this work, we present a novel dynamic screening tool for secondary hydrocarbon migration that relies on agent-based modelling. It is fast and is therefore suitable for uncertainty quantification, before using petroleum system modelling software for a more accurate evaluation of migration scenarios. We first illustrate how interacting but independent agents can mimic the movement of hydrocarbon molecules using a few simple rules by focusing on the main drivers of migration: buoyancy and capillary forces. Then, using a synthetic case study, we validate the usefulness of the agent modelling approach to quantify the impact of geological parameter uncertainty (e.g., fault transmissibility, source rock location, expulsion rate) on potential hydrocarbon accumulations and migrations pathways, an essential task to enable quick de-risking of a likely prospect.
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Amani, Nima. "Integrating inspection management (IM) in piping system of petroleum industry in Iran." Facilities 40, no. 3/4 (January 5, 2022): 268–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-09-2021-0079.
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Purpose This paper aims to report on the findings from a research project, incorporated by Iran’s Ministry of Petroleum, investigating the integration of inspection management with analysis of document information. Design/methodology/approach A combination of group and individual interviews were undertaken with qualitative methods of analysis to develop an integrated process model. The model developed uses integrity management factors, which allows flexibility and the early integration of inspection management systems at a strategic level, although detailed planning is still required through the use of integrated management tools. The model combines information on responsibilities, tasks and policies, of personnel in the inspection management of the piping system with the oil and gas industry. Findings The six inspection activities recognized for the main practical model are, namely, identify pipeline situation; inspect and measure defects; inspection assessment; design inspection; implement inspection activities and measure and report inspection. Originality/value This research presented not only a process but also the framework and techniques to manage and improve management effectiveness and inspection efficiency in pipelines of the oil and gas industry. This study will be useful to researchers maintenance professionals and others concerned with inspection and maintenance management of facilities and equipment in the oil and gas industry.
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Ha, Sungkyun, Sungho Tae, and Rakhyun Kim. "Energy Demand Forecast Models for Commercil Buildings in South Korea." Energies 12, no. 12 (June 17, 2019): 2313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12122313.
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With the Paris Agreement entering into full force, South Korea must submit its target greenhouse gas emissions for commercial buildings by 2030 to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. To determine this target, the annual energy demands must be forecasted through appropriate models; the development of these models is the focus of our study. We developed a system to calculate energy demand forecasts by searching for suitable methods. We built distinct energy forecast models for petroleum, city gas, electricity, heat, and renewable energies. The results show that the most appropriate variable for the petroleum energy model is energy trend. Moreover, the annual increase rate of petroleum energy demand from 2019 to 2030 was forecasted to be −1.7%. The appropriate variable for city gas energy model was the floor area of commercial buildings, which was forecasted to increase at an annual average growth rate of 0.4% from 2019 to 2030. According to the forecast results of energy demand from 2019 to 2030, the annual average growth rates of electricity, heat, and renewable energy demands were 2.1%, −0.2%, and 1.3%, respectively.
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Rui, Liu, Guo Xirong, and Miao Fang. "The Research of Petroleum Enterprise Information System Architecture Based on the G/S Model." Physics Procedia 24 (2012): 2172–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.319.
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Hu, Zhiying, and Christine W. Chan. "In-situ bioremediation for petroleum contamination: A fuzzy rule-based model predictive control system." Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 38 (February 2015): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2014.10.019.
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Zaghian, Ali, and Hossein Mostafaei. "An MILP model for scheduling the operation of a refined petroleum products distribution system." Operational Research 16, no. 3 (December 17, 2015): 513–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12351-015-0212-y.
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Thao, Truong Duc, and Duong Minh Tu. "The effect of different factors on intention to apply total quality management system in petroleum and liquefied gas enterprises in Vietnam: The role of the leader’s personality." Uncertain Supply Chain Management 9, no. 4 (2021): 949–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.uscm.2021.7.006.
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This study was conducted based on Davis's extended technology acceptance model (TAM) (1989) and survey data of 486 petroleum and liquefied gas enterprises in Vietnam on their intention to apply using a total quality management (TQM) system. Research results show that factors such as (1) Perception of the effectiveness of TQM; (2) Perception of the effectiveness of the convenience in using TQM; and (3) Perception of the effectiveness of TQM compared to the old system which has a positive impact on the intention to apply the total quality management system in petroleum and liquefied petroleum gas enterprises in Vietnam. Besides, the perception of decision-makers on issues related to quality management in these enterprises also has a direct influence on the perception of the TQM usability and indirect effect of the intention to use TQM application in these enterprises.
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Ricardo, Nomensen, Hendra Amijaya, and Salahuddin Husein. "Basin Evolution Palispatic Model of Bonaparte Basin, Australia Northwest Shelf." Journal of Applied Geology 2, no. 2 (October 23, 2018): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jag.39988.
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This research area is located on the Australian NW Shelf close to the westernedge of the Sahul Platform. This research is aimed to generate the palispatic basin model of Bonaparte Basin, Australian Northwest Shelf. It is to predict the impact of Neogene collision on the petroleum system distribution on Australian Northwest Shelf. The main data used in this research are seismic data using qualitative method analysis. The well data is used to well-seismic tied. After data acquisition, the seismic data are interpreted based on the horizon and structure interpretation. These interpretation are to reconstruct the basin evolution thorough geologic time. According to data analysis, the basin evolution palispatic model are divided into Paleo-proterozoic, Paleozoic, Triassic, Early Jurassic, Middle Jurassic, Late Jurassic, Early Cretaceous, Late Cretaceous, Early Eocene, Late Miocene and Recent condition. Regional tectonically there are at least three important events in NW Shelf: Middle Triassic-Jurassic NNE–SSW extension phase, Late Jurassic NE–SW extension phase and the Neogen collision phase; the Neogen collision effects on Northwest Shelf Australia. These three events contributed in forming and disturbing the Paleozoic and Mesozoic petroleum system in Bonaparte basin especially.
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Abdrashitova, R. N., R. S. Akzhanov, and Yu A. Kulikov. "FORMATION OF GROUND WATERS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE ELISION LITHOSTATIC WATER-DRIVE SYSTEM IN THE WEST SIBERIA MEGABASIN." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 4 (August 30, 2015): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2015-4-6-11.
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The article presents a principal geo-fluid model of groundwaters formation in the conditions of Elysion lithostatic system in the West Siberia megabasin. The model may be useful for understanding the process of underground waters formation in the petroleum horizons and for development of oil exploration hydrogeological criteria.
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Sowiżdżał, Krzysztof, Tomasz Słoczyński, Marek Stadtműller, and Weronika Kaczmarczyk. "Lower Palaeozoic petroleum systems of the Baltic Basin in northern Poland: A 3D basin modeling study of selected areas (onshore and offshore)." Interpretation 6, no. 3 (August 1, 2018): SH117—SH132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2017-0194.1.
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We have developed a Lower Palaeozoic petroleum systems analysis in the selected zones of the Polish section of the Baltic Basin (onshore and offshore), which we carried out to assess the potential of shale rock formations as unconventional reservoirs. The areas of the Baltic Basin, which we analyzed represent a diversity of shale formations burial depths and thus different advancement of sediments compaction and organic matter transformation. Methods of dynamic petroleum systems modeling were applied with a 3D modeling workflow (PetroMod suite software). We considered an extensive array of data, including results of geochemical and petrophysical laboratory measurements, geophysical borehole data and, in selected locations — 3D seismic data. Five potentially perspective shale rock intervals (Silurian [2], Ordovician [2], and Upper Cambrian [1]) are identified and interpreted in terms of their geochemical and petrophysical properties. We calibrated the petroleum system models in terms of proper reproduction of diagenetic processes (pore pressure and porosity), thermal conditions (vitrinite reflectance, temperature), and kerogen kinetic model (organic matter transformation ratio, types of hydrocarbons generated). The results of the petroleum system simulations reveal that for the predominant part of the analyzed area, the achieved level of kerogen thermal maturity determines the generation of liquid hydrocarbons, which results in the present-day saturation of shale formations mainly with crude oil. We concluded that the highest generation yields as well as present-day hydrocarbons in place are observed for Ordovician Sasino Formation (onshore and offshore), Silurian/Llandovery Jantar member (onshore), and Upper Cambrian (alum shales) formation. Furthermore, a significant variation in the mass/volumes of accumulated hydrocarbons is observed within each of the shale formations being considered.
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Baker, A., and P. Dold. "Activated Sludge Treatment of Petroleum Refinery Wastewater: Part 1 – Experimental Behaviour." Water Science and Technology 26, no. 1-2 (July 1, 1992): 333–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0413.
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An experimental programme was conducted to provide an initial database for development of a dynamic simulation model for activated sludge systems treating petroleum refinery wastewater. A laboratory scale single reactor aerobic activated sludge system was first operated under constant loading conditions, receiving a feed of petroleum refinery wastewater of fixed COD concentration at a constant flow rate. The steady state system was operated at sludge ages of 10 and 20 days. Data on dynamic response behaviour were obtained by operating the system under a 24 hour cyclic square-wave loading pattern; the system received the same daily influent volume of fixed COD concentration at a constant rate, but over a 12 hour period with no feed over the remainder of the 24 hour cycle. The system was monitored intensively over 24 hour cycles when operated at sludge ages of 5 and 20 days. Batch tests were conducted off-line to establish the decay rate of microorganisms and the potential for volatilization of organics from the raw wastewater. All experimentation was conducted at 20°C.
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Brito, Robison Cris, Cesar Augusto Tacla, and Lúcia Valéria Ramos de Arruda. "A multiagent simulator for supporting logistic decisions of unloading petroleum ships in habors." Pesquisa Operacional 30, no. 3 (December 2010): 729–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-74382010000300012.
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This work presents and evaluates the performance of a simulation model based on multiagent system technology in order to support logistic decisions in a harbor from oil supply chain. The main decisions are concerned to pier allocation, oil discharge, storage tanks management and refinery supply by a pipeline. The real elements as ships, piers, pipelines, and refineries are modeled as agents, and they negotiate by auctions to move oil in this system. The simulation results are compared with results obtained with an optimization mathematical model based on mixed integer linear programming (MILP). Both models are able to find optimal solutions or close to the optimal solution depending on the problem size. In problems with several elements, the multiagent model can find solutions in seconds, while the MILP model presents very high computational time to find the optimal solution. In some situations, the MILP model results in out of memory error. Test scenarios demonstrate the usefulness of the multiagent based simulator in supporting decision taken concerning the logistic in harbors.
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Edwards, Sally, and Behnam Talebi. "New deep crustal seismic data acquisition program for NWQ's frontier petroleum basins." APPEA Journal 59, no. 2 (2019): 869. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj18084.
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The Georgina and South Nicholson basins and the Isa Superbasin of North West Queensland (NWQ), represent frontier basins earmarked for examination of resource potential under the Strategic Resources Exploration Program. Little exploration has occurred for petroleum resources in these basins although a proven petroleum system exists in both the Isa Superbasin and the Georgina Basin with demonstrated flow at sub-commercial rates. To increase knowledge of the petroleum system, define the extent of the South Nicholson Basin and examine basin architecture, Geoscience Australia acquired deep (to 20-s listening time) seismic data across the South Nicholson Basin and northern Isa Superbasin area in 2017. However, this survey focused on broader structural architecture definition across the Proterozoic Isa Superbasin and South Nicholson and McArthur basins. Little is understood of the petroleum system in the southern Isa Superbasin, or even if this structure is part of the Isa Superbasin, where Proterozoic gas is inferred from mineral boreholes and oil stained Cambrian-aged carbonates exist. To increase understanding of this southern region, the Queensland Government acquired a new NWQ SEEBASE® (depth to basement) model in 2018, and will be undertaking a 2D deep seismic survey within the Camooweal region to better understand the structural architecture, sediment thicknesses and seismic characteristic of packages of this southern area. The seismic survey is centred on the Georgina Basin and will tie into the South Nicholson survey – extending knowledge further south across major structures featured in the SEEBASE® model.
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Luo, Hongyun, and Xiangyi Lin. "Evaluation of Breakthrough Technological Innovation Capability of Petroleum Equipment Manufacturing Enterprises Based on the CFPR-TIFNs Model." Complexity 2022 (December 24, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6251754.
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“Internet + innovation” is a new emerging paradigm for breakthrough technological innovation, which is more complex than traditional scenarios because “Internet +” has completely overturned the acquisition of creativity and knowledge. This article aims to evaluate the breakthrough technological innovation capability (BTIC) of petroleum equipment manufacturing enterprises under the new paradigm of “Internet + innovation.” This article constructs an index system that can reflect the characteristics of “breakthrough” and “Internet +” in five dimensions. Due to the difficulties of conducting quantitative measurements for the novel index system, a hybrid evaluation model based on a consistent fuzzy preference relationship (CFPR) and triangular intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (TIFNs) is put forward for the evaluation of BTIC. The main contribution of this article is to propose an index system and model for the evaluation of BTIC under the “Internet + innovation” paradigm, which is conducive to improving the quality of breakthrough technological innovation activities under more complex scenarios. The CFPR-TIFNs model can not only effectively calculate the BTIC of petroleum equipment manufacturing enterprises but also deeply analyze the influencing factors for their relatively weak technological innovation capability. This article provides a new methodology to solve problems in a more complex technological innovation system.
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Rivera-González, Luis, David Bolonio, Luis F. Mazadiego, and Robert Valencia-Chapi. "Long-Term Electricity Supply and Demand Forecast (2018–2040): A LEAP Model Application towards a Sustainable Power Generation System in Ecuador." Sustainability 11, no. 19 (September 26, 2019): 5316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11195316.
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This research assesses the Ecuadorian power generation system, estimating the electricity supply and demand forecast until 2040. For this purpose, three potential alternative scenarios were analyzed using the Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning (LEAP) System; S1: Business As Usual; S2: Power Generation Master Plan; and S3: Sustainable Power Generation System. The main goal of this study is to analyze the possible alternatives for electricity supply and demand, fuel consumption, and the future structure of the Ecuadorian power generation system to transform the current system based on petroleum fuels into a sustainable system that consumes natural gas, and progressively introduces renewable power generation plants such as solar, wind, biomass, and hydroelectric until 2040. According to the estimated results through the inclusion of sustainable energy policies, S3 scenario relative to S1 scenario could reduce the average CO2 equivalent (CO2e) emissions by 11.72%, the average production costs by 9.78%, and the average petroleum fuel consumption by 15.95%. Consequently, a correct energy transition contributes to the protection of the environment and public health and has a direct effect on economic savings for the state, which benefits to improve the citizen’s quality of life.
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Zaki, Achmad, and Heru Agus Santoso. "Model Fuzzy Tsukamoto untuk Klasifikasi dalam Prediksi Krisis Energi di Indonesia." Creative Information Technology Journal 3, no. 3 (September 23, 2016): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.24076/citec.2016v3i3.76.
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Krisis energi dunia juga terjadi di Indonesia. Cadangan energi di Indonesia terutama energi fosil (minyak bumi, batubara, dan gas alam) semakin hari semakin menyusut. Ketersediaan akan energi fosil juga semakin berkurang karena peningkatan konsumsi energi per kapita. Untuk memprediksi krisis energi di Indonesia, paper ini mengusulkan pengembangan sistem inferensi fuzzy sukamoto untuk klasifikasi krisis energi berdasarkan parameter jumlah produksi, konsumsi energi dan faktor penggerak kebutuhan energi, yakni GDP dan populasi penduduk. Luaran dari sistem ini adalah klasifikasi berdasarkan parameter tersebut, yaitu kondisi aman, waspada dan krisis. Hasil eksperimen menunjukan sistem yang dibangun menghasilkan tingkat akurasi pada minyak bumi 90%, batubara 100 % dan gas alam 100%. Dengan adanya sistem ini diharapkan mampu memberikan peringatan dini dan pendukung keputusan bagi pemerintah atau pihak instansi terkait dalam memberikan penangan atau solusi terhadap masalah krisis energi. World energy crisis also occurred in Indonesia. Energy reserves in Indonesia, especially fossil fuels (petroleum, coal, and natural gas) are increasingly shrinking. The availability of fossil energy will also be on the wane because of an increase in energy consumption per capita. To predict the energy crisis in Indonesia, this paper proposes the development of sukamoto fuzzy inference systems for classification energy crisis based on parameters the amount of production, energy consumption and energy demand driven factors, namely GDP and population. Outcomes of this system is the classification based on these parameters, i.e., a safe condition, alert and crisis. The experimental results show the system produce levels of accuracy at 90% petroleum, natural gas 100% and CoA, 100%. This system are expected to provide an early warning and decision support for the government or the relevant agencies in giving the handlers or the solution to the problem of energy crisis.