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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Pearson, D. J., and J. E. Kinnear. "A Review of The Distribution, Status and Conservation of Rock-wallabies in Western Australia." Australian Mammalogy 19, no. 2 (1996): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am97137.

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Western Australia has five species of rock-wallabies. Petrogale brachyotis, Petrogale burbidgei and Petrogale concinna occur in wet-dry tropical habitats in the Kimberley region. Petrogale rothschildi is a Pilbara region endemic, while Petrogale lateralis has the largest distribution, extending from the south-west Kimberley to islands off the southern coastline. There have been few collections of the three species restricted to the Kimberley. Their small size, secretive disposition and variable pelage have hampered field identification, and thus, understanding of their distribution and status. The populations of all three are currently believed to be stable and their status is considered secure. Petrogale rothschildi is known from the Hamersley and Chichester Ranges, the east Pilbara, the Burrup Peninsula and four islands in the Dampier Archipelago. It is abundant on three of these islands but has declined on Dolphin island. The status of the mainland populations is uncertain. Petrogale lateralis is a diverse species, with two subspecies and two chromosomal races occurring in WA. Petrogale lateralis hacketti is restricted to three islands in the Archipelago of the Recherche. Petrogale lateralis lateralis has declined throughout its mainland range, with extant populations known from six localities in the Wheatbelt; Cape Range; the Calvert Range; and Barrow and Salisbury Islands. It may still be extant in Kalbarri National Park. Petrogale lateralis West Kimberley race has a restricted distribution but appears secure, while P. lateralis MacDonnell Ranges race has declined markedly in recent years. Fox predation has been implicated in the decline of some populations of P. lateralis and P. rothschildi. The impact of factors such as competition from introduced grazers (stock, rabbits, goats), fire and habitat clearing have not been examined. Increased control of exotic predators, taxonomic research to clarify the identity of unsampled populations and field surveys are needed to improve the conservation outlook for WA rock-wallabies.
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2

Haouchar, D., J. Haile, P. B. S. Spencer, and M. Bunce. "The identity of the Depuch Island rock-wallaby revealed through ancient DNA." Australian Mammalogy 35, no. 1 (2013): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am11044.

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Ancient DNA is becoming increasingly recognised as a tool in conservation biology to audit past biodiversity. The widespread loss of Australian biodiversity, especially endemic mammal populations, is of critical concern. An extreme example occurred on Depuch Island, situated off the north-west coast of Western Australia, where an unidentified species of rock-wallaby (Petrogale sp.) became extinct as a result of predation by red foxes. Two potential candidate species, Petrogale lateralis and P. rothschildi, both have ranges adjacent to Depuch Island, making identification based on geography difficult. A museum bone (one of the only surviving Depuch Island specimens) was subjected to standard ancient DNA analyses and procedures. Mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b and hypervariable control region were targeted for species identification. Ancient DNA was successfully recovered from the bone: 200 base pairs (bp) of control region and 975 bp of the cytochrome b gene. Bayesian phylogenetic analyses were employed to model the Depuch Island rock-wallaby DNA sequences together with sequences of other rock-wallaby taxa from GenBank. Evidence suggests that of the two Petrogale lateralis subspecies proposed to have inhabited Depuch Island, Petrogale lateralis lateralis was identified as the most likely. The identification of the Depuch Island rock-wallaby population may assist in the reintroduction of an insurance population of Petrogale lateralis lateralis, which is becoming increasingly threatened on mainland Australia.
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3

Eldridge, MDB, PG Johnston, and RL Close. "Chromosomal Rearrangements in Rock Wallabies, Petrogale (Marsupialia, Macropodidae) .5. Chromosomal Phylogeny of the Lateralis-Penicillata Group." Australian Journal of Zoology 39, no. 6 (1991): 629. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9910629.

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Cladistic analysis of G-banded karyotypes was conducted on 11 Petrogale taxa from the lateralis/penicillata group with the genus Thylogale as an outgroup. Within the eastern Petrogale radiation (the penicillata complex), no homoplasy-free phylogenies could be generated and each tree contained character reversals, multiple origins and/or introgression of some chromosome characters. On the basis of the significance of some chromosome rearrangements and the genic relationships of taxa, one tree is favoured as being the most likely, although it is not the most parsimonious. In the lateralis/penicillata group the number of chromosome characters available was insufficient to accurately resolve the inter-relationships of the two complexes. However, the data are consistent with the eastern Petrogale radiation being a monophyletic group that excludes members of the Petrogale lateralis complex. The inter-relationships of the three subspecies of P. lateralis that were examined were not resolved by the chromosome data, although the karyotypes of both P. l. purpureicollis and P. l. 'Macdonnell Ranges' can be readily derived from that of P. l. lateralis.
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4

Eldridge, Mark D. B., and Sally Potter. "Taxonomy of rock-wallabies, Petrogale (Marsupialia : Macropodidae). V. A description of two new subspecies of the black-footed rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis)." Australian Journal of Zoology 67, no. 1 (2019): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo19063.

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The black-footed rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis) is the most widespread member of the endemic Australian macropodid genus Petrogale. Considerable morphological and genetic diversity within this species has long been recognised and P. lateralis is currently divided into three described subspecies (P. lateralis lateralis, P. l. pearsoni, P. l. hacketti) and two undescribed forms (MacDonnell Ranges race, West Kimberley race). Chromosomal, morphological, genic and genomic studies have demonstrated that these five taxa are closely related but distinguishable. Here, we formally name the MacDonnell Ranges race and the West Kimberley race as subspecies of P. lateralis. Taxonomic registration: (LSID publication) http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:71C3B7CE-CE3D-4A78-83A6-5EB50FBBA810
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5

Eldridge, MDB, RL Close, and PG Johnston. "Chromosomal Rearrangements in Rock Wallabies, Petrogale (Marsupialia, Macropodidae) .4. G-Banding Analysis of the Petrogale-Lateralis Complex." Australian Journal of Zoology 39, no. 6 (1991): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9910621.

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The karyotypes of Petrogale lateralis lateralis, P. l. purpureicollis and P. l 'Macdonnell Ranges' were examined with G-banding from cultured fibroblasts. P. l. lateralis (2n = 22) was found to retain the plesiomorphic karyotype, whereas P. l. purpureicollis (2n = 22) and P. l. 'Macdonnell Ranges' (2n = 22) were found to share an apomorphic karyotype characterised by an acrocentric chromosome 3 (3a) and an acrocentric X-chromosome (Xp). Both the 3a and Xp can be derived from their respective P. l. lateralis homologues by centric transpositions. Although P. l. purpureicollis and P. l. 'Macdonnell Ranges' appear very similar chromosomally, they are readily distinguishable genically and morphologically, P. l. 'Macdonnell Ranges' being more similar to P. l. lateralis. Thus, in these taxa, genic and morphological divergence have not been associated with significant changes in karyotype.
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6

Eldridge, M. D. B., and D. J. Pearson. "Chromosomal rearrangements in rock wallabies, Petrogale (Marsupialia: Macropodidae). IX. Further G-banding studies of the Petrogale lateralis complex: P. lateralis pearsoni, the West Kimberley race, and a population heterozygous for a centric fusion." Genome 40, no. 1 (February 1, 1997): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g97-011.

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G-banded metaphase preparations from cultured fibroblasts were used to examine the karyotypes of Petrogale lateralis pearsoni and the West Kimberley (WK) race of P. lateralis. Petrogale lateralis pearsoni was found to retain the ancestral 2n = 22 Petrogale karyotype, while the WK race (2n = 20) was found to be characterized by a 9–10 centric fusion. This taxon had been reported to have an 8–10 fusion. Karyotypic analysis was also used to identify Petrogale populations in the Erskine Range, Western Australia (W.A.) as the WK race and in the Walter James Range, W.A. as the MacDonnell Ranges (MDR) race of P. lateralis. These findings represent significant range extensions for both taxa. A third P. lateralis population, from the Townsend Ridges, W.A., could not be definitively identified to subspecies or race and appears intermediate between the WK and MDR races. Four animals were examined from this population and all possessed an identical 2n = 21 karyotype characterized by homozygosity for a derived acrocentric chromosome 3 (3a) and heterozygosity for a 9–10 fusion. Rearrangement 3a is typical of the MDR race, while the 9–10 fusion is characteristic of the WK race. The polymorphic Townsend Ridges population could result from the de novo creation of a 9–10 fusion (similar in morphology to the 9–10 fusion of the WK race) or it may represent evidence of hybridization between the MDR race and either the WK race or a currently unknown taxon. Additional data will be required to distinguish between these hypotheses.Key words: rock wallabies, Petrogale, chromosome rearrangements, G-banding.
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7

Campeau-Péloquin, Antoine, John A. W. Kirsch, Mark D. B. Eldridge, and François-Joseph Lapointe. "Phylogeny of the rock-wallabies, Petrogale (Marsupialia : Macropodidae) based on DNA/DNA hybridisation." Australian Journal of Zoology 49, no. 5 (2001): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo01034.

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DNA/DNA hybridisation analysis was undertaken to resolve the phylogenetic relationships within the chromosomally diverse genus Petrogale. Excepting P. concinna, all full species and three subspecies of P. lateralis were examined; all but four of these 16 taxa were labeled, as were four outgroup species. While demonstrating the ability of the technique to resolve relationships at the species level, our study confirmed that divergence of Petrogale species is recent and occurred during the late Pliocene to mid-Pleistocene. Our data placed the first division within Petrogale species between the monophyletic brachyotis group and the paraphyletic xanthopus plus lateralis/penicillata groups, the latter including P. rothschildi; the subspecies P. l. purpureicollisappears to be intermediate between thelateralis and thepenicillata complexes. However, our data could not resolve most relationships amongst the eastern Petrogale radiation, except for a probable grouping of the species P. herberti,P. inornata,P. penicillata, andP. sharmani. Finally, our results support recent suggestions that Dendrolagus rather than Thylogaleis the sister taxon to Petrogale.
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8

Jones, Michelle, David Taggart, and Peter Temple-Smith. "Age determination and growth in wild Petrogale lateralis pearsoni and captive Petrogale lateralis 'MacDonnell Ranges race'." Australian Journal of Zoology 52, no. 4 (2004): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo03033.

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Accurate assessment of age is important for effective captive husbandry techniques and assists in understanding developmental processes, population dynamics, reproductive strategies and seasonal breeding. Using linear and non-linear regression, this study analysed the growth rate of the head and pes length of known-age, captive-born pouch young of the black-footed rock-wallaby, Petrogale lateralis 'MacDonnell Ranges race'. Growth curves for head and pes length from the captive-born pouch young were then used to predict the age of pouch young of P. lateralis pearsoni using data collected from the field. Observations on the development of the eyes, ears and body of P.�lateralis 'MacDonnell Ranges race' were also recorded. Results showed that a non-linear growth model best described the head-length growth of captive-born pouch young (r2 = 99.5%), whereas logistic regression was the most accurate predictor of pes-length growth (r2 = 99.6%). No significant differences were found when the two growth models were applied to head and pes data from wild pouch young, suggesting that the growth models derived from captive animals can be used to accurately predict the age of pouch young in the wild. During a preliminary cross-fostering trial, we examined growth of the head and pes length in pouch young of P. lateralis 'MacDonnell Ranges race' that had been cross-fostered onto the teats of surrogate tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii) mothers; comparisons were made to the growth rate of pouch young of the same race that had remained with their natural mothers.
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9

Copley, P. B., and P. J. Alexander. "Overview of The Status of Rock-wallabies in South Australia." Australian Mammalogy 19, no. 2 (1996): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am97153.

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The status of Yellow-footed Rock-wallabies (Petrogale xanthopus) and Black-footed Rock-wallabies (P. lateralis) in South Australia was assessed by comparing recent survey and census data with previously collated information about the distribution and relative abundance of each taxon. Petrogale xanthopus has maintained most of its known geographic range within the state; however, its relative abundance has declined significantly and 35 (or 15%) of a total of 229 recorded colonies have become extinct since European settlement. Eight of these colony extinctions have occurred over the past 25 years; three of them since 1981. As this species is continuing to decline it should be regarded as threatened within the state. Petrogale lateralis has at least two sub-species which occur in South Australia. Petrogale lateralis pearsoni is endemic to the state and occurs on offshore islands. Since 1960 its natural occurrence of about 3-500 individuals on North Pearson Island has been expanded to four other islands through translocations and the total population is now about 700-1100 animals. This subspecies, while not occurring in large numbers, is nonetheless relatively secure due to the additional populations established and the fact that these are on islands isolated from most mainland threats. The mainland subspecies, Petrogale lateralis MacDonnell Ranges race, by comparison has suffered a drastic reduction in both geographic range and abundance to the point where it is South Australia’s most critically endangered vertebrate taxon. It has declined from being a very common species in the state’s far north- west to only two known, widely separated, colonies which total less than 100 animals between them. Management and research recommendations are provided.
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10

Turpin, J. M., N. E. White, J. A. Dunlop, and M. J. Bamford. "New populations of the black-flanked rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis) from the Little Sandy Desert and Murchison, Western Australia." Australian Mammalogy 40, no. 2 (2018): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am14043.

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During two independent fauna surveys, rock-wallaby (Petrogale) scats were recorded from caves located outside the current known Petrogale distribution. Scats collected from Desert Queen Baths (Little Sandy Desert, Western Australia, 2012), and the Barr Smith Range (Murchison, Western Australia, 2015) were genetically analysed and a follow-up motion camera survey confirmed an extant rock-wallaby population at Desert Queen Baths. The combination of sampling techniques overcame the detection difficulties associated with rare and cryptic taxa, and together were important in establishing the presence of Petrogale lateralis from regions where the species has been poorly documented. At both locations, P. lateralis scats were recorded from deep caves situated close to permanent water, reflecting the species’ physiological constraints in the arid zone. These records represent significant range extensions of a highly threatened macropod.
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11

Willers, Nicole, Roy Butler, Chris Mayberry, and Peter Mawson. "Bronchogenic carcinoma in a male rock wallaby (Petrogale lateralis lateralis)." Australian Mammalogy 32, no. 2 (2010): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am10016.

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Rock wallabies (Petrogale spp.) often occur on isolated rocky outcrops in low-rainfall areas. One male wallaby, from a population of black-flanked rock wallabies (P. lateralis lateralis) being surveyed as part of an ecology and fertility study, died following capture. Post mortem examination revealed the animal to be in poor condition with signs of chronic stress and an extensive, metastasising bronchogenic carcinoma.
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12

Beveridge, I., and N. B. Chilton. "Revision of the Rugopharynx australis (Moennig, 1926) complex (Nematoda : Strongyloidea) from macropodid marsupials." Invertebrate Systematics 13, no. 5 (1999): 805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/it98017.

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The Rugopharynx australis complex from macropodidmarsupials is revised. The nominal taxon is limited to specimens occurring inthe type host, Macropus rufus, and similar nematodes insympatric host species, M. fuliginosus,M. giganteus, M. robustus andPetrogale xanthopus. A single occurrence is reported inM. dorsalis. The following new species are described:R. macropodis, sp. nov. fromM. fuliginosus and M. giganteus;R. pi, sp. nov. fromM. rufogriseus and M. parryi;R. rho, sp. nov. from M. eugenii,M. fuliginosus, M. irma andPetrogale lateralis;R. longispicularis, sp. nov. fromM. parma; R. mu, sp. nov. fromWallabia bicolor; R. spratti, sp.nov. from M. rufogriseus; R. chi,sp. nov. from Thylogale billardierii;R. tau, sp. nov. from Th. thetisand R. petrogale, sp. nov. fromPetrogale penicillata, P. herbertiand P. inornata.Rugopharynx alpha(Johnston & Mawson,1938) isresurrected for specimens from Petrogale lateralis fromcentral Australia and north western Queensland. Specimens fromPetrogale lateralis pearsoni from South Australia andP. l. lateralis from Western Australia were not assignedto a species. A key to the species of Rugopharynx isprovided.
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13

Eldridge, M. D. B., A. C. C. Wilson, C. J. Metcalfe, A. E. Dollin, J. N. Bell, P. M. Johnson, P. G. Johnston, and R. L. Close. "Taxonomy of rock-wallabies, Petrogale (Marsupialia : Macropodidae). III. Molecular data confirms the species status of the purple-necked rock-wallaby (Petrogale purpureicollis Le Souef)." Australian Journal of Zoology 49, no. 4 (2001): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo00082.

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Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis was undertaken to resolve the systematic uncertainties surrounding the morphologically distinct purple-necked rock-wallaby (P. lateralis purpureicollis) of north-west Queensland, Australia. A comparison of mtDNA sequence divergence using both whole mtDNA restriction site and control-region sequence analyses revealed that P. l. purpureicollis was as well differentiated from other P. lateralis (black-footed rock-wallaby) taxa as P. lateralis was from P. penicillata (brush-tailed rock-wallaby) or P. assimilis (allied rock-wallaby). Phylogenetic analysis of the sequence data suggests thatP. lateralis (sensu lato) is paraphyletic, with P. l. purpureicollis being more closely aligned to P. penicillataand P. assimilis than to P. lateralis (sensu stricto). Data are also presented that demonstrate significant differences in the distribution of the telomeric repeat sequence (TTAGGG)n between the chromosomes of P. l. purpureicollis and the karyotypically similar MacDonnell Ranges race of P. lateralis. In addition, meiosis appears to be severely disrupted in the majority (73%) of oocytes examined from two P. l. purpureicollis MacDonnell Ranges race hybrids. In light of these findings we recommend that the purple-necked rock-wallaby be reinstated as a full species, P. purpureicollis Le Souef 1924.
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14

Matson, Phillip, Christopher Mayberry, Nicole Willers, Margaret A. Blackberry, and Graeme B. Martin. "The measurement of luteinising hormone in the western grey kangaroo (Macropus fuliginosus ocydromus) and the black-flanked rock wallaby (Petrogale lateralis lateralis)." Australian Mammalogy 31, no. 1 (2009): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am08112.

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An enzyme immunoassay with an anti-bovine-LH antibody (518B7) was applied to female western grey kanagaroos (Macropus fuliginosus ocydromus) and black-flanked rock wallabies (Petrogale lateralis lateralis). Validation showed parallelism to the assay standard curve, and significant increases in plasma LH concentrations after challenging animals with intramuscular GnRH.
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15

Loupis, A. K., and M. D. B. Eldridge. "Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of three nuclear genes in rock-wallabies (Petrogale: Marsupialia: Macropodidae): a search for genic markers to identify taxa within the Petrogale lateralis-penicillata group." Australian Journal of Zoology 49, no. 1 (2001): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo00078.

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Many rock-wallaby (Petrogale) species within the lateralis–penicillata complex are morphologically similar and can be distinguished only by their unique karyotypes, frustrating attempts to identify specimens in the field and in museums. As chromosome preparations are not always obtainable from specimens, additional diagnostic molecular markers are required. In this study, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of three nuclear genes was undertaken using 100 Petrogale specimens, including representatives of 12 taxa. Eleven novel diagnostic nuclear DNA markers were identified, which enabled the identification of four taxa (P. penicillata, P. purpureicollis, P. lateralis and P. inornata). No markers were found that could reliably distinguish amongst five north-east Queensland species (P. assimilis, P. sharmani, P. mareeba, P. godmani and P. coenensis) or the sampled intraspecific taxa of P. lateralis (P. l . lateralis, P. l. pearsoni, MacDonnell Ranges race). These results are consistent with previous studies in demonstrating that P. penicillata, P. purpureicollis, P. lateralis and P. inornata are genically distinct and that the north-east Queensland species and subspecies/races of P. lateralis form two groups of very closely related taxa. Future research should target more rapidly evolving DNA regions, in order to identify specific molecular markers that distinguish amongst taxa within these two groups. Meanwhile, karyotypic analysis remains the only definitive technique currently available to unambiguously identify all taxa within the lateralis–penicillata group.
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16

Lundie-Jenkins, G., and E. Findlay. "Distribution and Status of Rock-wallabies in The Northern Territory." Australian Mammalogy 19, no. 2 (1996): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am97175.

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Three species of rock-wallabies are currently known from the Northern Territory (N.T.). The Black-footed Rock-wallaby Petrogale lateralis is listed by ANZECC as vulnerable and N.T. populations are known to have declined over the past 40 years. The conservation status of the other two species from the N.T., the Short-eared Rock-wallaby Petrogale brachyotis and the Nabarlek Petrogale concinna is uncertain. Both species are officially listed as common however their ranges appear to be highly fragmented and populations have declined in several locations. Whilst there are populations of all three species represented in the N.T. reserve system there are currently no formal programs to monitor or manage these populations. The factors of most concern in relation to conservation of rock-wallabies in the N.T. are changes in fire regimes, grazing by feral and domestic stock and introduced predators.
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17

Eldridge, Mark D. B., David J. Pearson, and Sally Potter. "Identification of a novel hybrid zone within the black-footed rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis) in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Zoology 68, no. 2 (2020): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo20052.

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It is increasingly recognised that intertaxon hybridisation is more common in vertebrates than previously thought. However, recent hybridisation has rarely been reported from wild marsupials, with only three instances of first generation (F1) hybrids reported, all in macropodids. In the 1990s a chromosomally anomalous population of black-footed rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis) was identified in the Townsend Ridges in central eastern Western Australia. Individuals from this population had chromosomes characteristic of two P. lateralis subspecies (P. l. centralis and P. l. kimberleyensis). This unusual mixture is suggestive of a novel hybrid zone between subspecies, but it could also represent a P. l. centralis population in which a 9–10 chromosome fusion has independently arisen. To test between these hypotheses, we compared mitochondrial DNA Control Region (CR) sequence data from Townsend Ridges individuals to published data for all P. lateralis subspecies. Two divergent lineages of CR haplotypes were identified at Townsend Ridges, suggesting that it represents a novel rock-wallaby hybrid zone, the third reported in the genus. While one CR haplotype clustered with those typical of P. l. centralis, the other Townsend Ridges haplotypes clustered with those from three different P. lateralis subspecies but not with P. l. kimberleyensis. Additional studies with multiple nuclear genes will be necessary to fully understand the nature of this novel hybrid zone.
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18

Bee, C. A., and R. L. Close. "Mitochondrial DNA analysis of introgression between adjacent taxa of rock-wallabies, Petrogale species (Marsupialia: Macropodidae)." Genetical Research 61, no. 1 (February 1993): 21–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672300031074.

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SummarySimple, inexpensive techniques were used to analyse the mtDNA of nine chromosomally distinct populations of Petrogale. Eight of these populations occur in sequence along the Great Dividing Range of eastern Australia; six have been described as species. Diagnostic mtDNA morphs were found throughout the latitudinal ranges of four of the described species. A fifth morph spanned the ranges of two described species and three additional taxa which have been designated chromosome races. These five mtDNA morphs, and others with local distributions, were used to assess interactions between the taxa. Limited introgression was indicated across the chromosomal boundaries of P. penicillata/P. herberti and P. inornata/P. assimilis; atypical mtDNA morphs were found within the P. herberti and P. inornata chromosomal distributions. No introgression was detected between P. herberti and P. inornata, whose distributions are separated by the Fitzroy River. Nor was there evidence of recent contact between P. assimilis, P. herberti and P. purpureicollis, despite the late occupancy of parts of the intervening area by unidentified Petrogale. These data, considered in the light of information obtained from previous studies on chromosomes, allozymes and parasites, have contributed to the decision to consider all the eastern representatives of the lateralis-penicillata group of Petrogale as being specifically distinct from each other.
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19

Gibson, D. F. "Distribution and Conservation Status of the Black-Footed Rock-Wallaby, Petrogale lateralis (MacDonnell Ranges race), in the Northern Territory." Australian Mammalogy 21, no. 2 (1999): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am00213.

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The distribution and conservation status of the Black-footed Rock-wallaby Petrogale lateralis (MacDonnell Ranges race), in the Northern Territory were investigated to complement previous surveys in adjoining areas of Western Australia and South Australia. Historical data were collated and compared with recent biological survey results obtained between 1870 and 1999. From a total of 469 records, 400 were collated for the period 1975-1999. The species occurs over ten biogeographic regions, principally within the MacDonnell Ranges bioregion, but with many populations in the Burt Plain and Great Sandy Desert bioregions. It is widely distributed through pastoral, Aboriginal, conservation and urban land and, at present, retains much the same distribution as concluded from early records. Thirteen conservation areas and 30 pastoral leases currently support populations of the species. An unknown number of animals live in and about Alice Springs. Only two National Parks, the West MacDonnells and Finke Gorge, are considered large and diverse enough to ensure the long-term survival of P. lateralis. Measures of abundance are not available but numbers of animals in conservation areas are perceived to have remained stable or to have increased over the past 20 years. Surveys undertaken during the period 1975-1999 indicate that P. lateralis have disappeared from 21 of 400 sites. Petrogale lateralis were present on all major rock types, including many granite outcrops. They were most widespread and apparently abundant on major quartzite ranges such as the MacDonnells where steep cliff faces, gorges, scree slopes and fire shadow areas are common. The wide distribution of P. lateralis in the Northern Territory in comparison to other states may be due to a variety of factors: widespread, relatively contiguous and variable habitat, occupation of country north of the core distribution of Oryctolagus cuniculus and of Vulpes vulpes, the inability of Capra hircus to persist and thus to compete in rocky range habitat, and a government 1080 poisoning programme for Canis lupus dingo on pastoral land. There is however, concern for the survival of some populations on many small ranges and rock outcrops on the fringes of its known distribution where recent observations indicate that numbers of animals are low.
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20

Beveridge, I., DM Spratt, RL Close, SC Barker, and GB Sharman. "Helminth-Parasites of Rock-Wallabies, Petrogale Spp (Marsupialia), From Queensland." Wildlife Research 16, no. 3 (1989): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9890273.

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Helminth parasites were examined from the following rock-wallaby species from Queensland: Petrogale penicillata penicillata (2), P. penicillata herberti (1l), P. inornata (15), P. assirnilis (36), 'Mareeba' (3) and 'Mt Claro' (4) chromosomal races of P. assirnilis, P. godrnani (13), P. lateralis purpureicollis (3), and P. persephone (2). Of the 41 species of nematodes and the six species of cestodes encountered, relatively few (10 of 47) were restricted to rock-wallabies. Major differences occurred between the helminth communities of rock-wallabies from different regions, suggesting that many parasite species may have been acquired by rock-wallabies from sympatric, but unrelated, macropodid hosts. The helminth communities of rock-wallabies thus appear not to have co-evolved closely with their hosts.
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OCallaghan, Michael G., Ian K. Barker, Ian Beveridge, and Peter Hornsby. "Eimeria species in the Pearson Island Rock Wallaby, Petrogale lateralis pearsoni." International Journal for Parasitology 28, no. 12 (December 1998): 1889–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0020-7519(98)00152-0.

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22

Kinnear, J. E., M. L. Onus, and Neil R. Sumner. "Fox control and rock-wallaby population dynamics — II. An update." Wildlife Research 25, no. 1 (1998): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr96072.

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Five remnant populations of rock-wallabies (Petrogale lateralis) in the Western Australian wheatbelt have been the subjects of an experiment designed to assess the impact of fox predation on the population dynamics of this species. The effect of a fox-control programme, initiated in 1982 at two rock-wallaby sites, was first assessed in 1986 along with three other sites not subject to fox control. It was concluded that fox predation was the principal factor limiting the size and distribution of P. lateralis populations. In 1990 after a further four years of fox control, the experiment was reassessed and a comprehensive statistical analysis of the data set confirmed this conclusion. These results reinforce the need for conservation authorities across Australia to implement fox-control programmes to assure the survival of rock-wallaby populations (and other likewise-threatened species).
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Eldridge, M. D. B., J. E. Kinnear, and R. L. Close. "Identification of rock wallabies in the Calvert Ranges, Little Sandy Desert, Western Australia as Petrogale lateralis lateralis." Australian Mammalogy 17, no. 1 (1994): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am94018.

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24

Kinnear, J. E., R. N. Bromilow, and N. Moore. "The Mark II Bromilow Kinnear humane soft trap: a major upgrade." Australian Mammalogy 36, no. 1 (2014): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am13023.

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The Bromilow soft trap was originally created to counter the propensity of black-flanked rock-wallabies (Petrogale lateralis lateralis, hence black-flanked) to harm themselves in wire traps. It achieved that goal commendably and has proven to be durable and versatile as it is also suitable for trapping other medium-sized mammals. Major improvements have been incorporated without altering the basic design thus enabling existing traps to be readily upgraded. The traps are now 15% lighter, and easier to set with a new more reliable trigger. The shroud has been discarded, and it now folds more compactly for transport and storage. The capture chamber is constructed of new materials designed to enable an animal to be extracted more readily. These modifications are described in detail along with illustrations. For anyone intending on building a new trap, free professional-grade architectural drawings of the framework and components are available via the web (see text).
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Johnson, PM, MDB Eldridge, V. Kiernan, and RJ Cupitt. "A Significant Range Extension Of The Purple-Necked Petrogale Purpureicollis Rockwallaby." Australian Mammalogy 23, no. 1 (2001): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am01071.

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IN 1982, the Queensland subspecies of the blackfooted rock-wallaby Petrogale lateralis purpureicollis was reported to occur around Mt Isa and south to around Dajarra (Briscoe et al. 1982). During 1991, the known range of this taxon was extended 300 km to the north-west when an adult female P. l. purpureicollis was collected from ?Ridgepole Waterhole? in the Musselbrook Resource Reserve near Lawn Hill National Park (Eldridge et al. 1993). In 1994 the range was further extended when P. l. purpureicollis was recorded from the Constance Ranges and the upper reaches of Stockyard and Elizabeth Creeks; around the town of Cloncurry and the following distances from the town: 85 km north west; 60 and 87 km west; 4, 23, 28 and 35 km south and 15 km east (Bell et al. 1995). Approaches by the Cannington Mining operation to the southwest of McKinley in October 1999 to confirm the presence of rock-wallabies on nearby Glenholme Station established the presence of P. l. purpureicollis; a 75 km range extension to the south-east.
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Ruykys, Laura, Matthew J. Ward, David A. Taggart, and William G. Breed. "Preliminary spatial behaviour of warru (Petrogale lateralis MacDonnell Ranges race) in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands, South Australia." Australian Mammalogy 33, no. 2 (2011): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am10034.

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This study aimed to determine the home range and movement patterns of Petrogale lateralis in the arid-zone Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands in the north-west of South Australia. Ten Global Positioning System radio-collars were attached to animals, with collars programmed to function in 2008–09. Catastrophic collar failure resulted in only 28 days of data, from July 2008, being retrieved from one adult female. During this time, the female occupied a 90% kernel range of 57.9 ha and core (50%) range of 9.3 ha. The animal moved a total of 50.8 km and undertook three journeys of over 1 km. The longest of these was 1.2 km, undertaken in 89 min. The high mobility of the study animal has implications for management, particularly predator baiting and fire management strategies. Future research should assess the validity of these results by increasing sample size and conducting similar work for other arid-zone P. lateralis. The lessons learnt from the current GPS collar deployment may also be of interest to other researchers.
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Willers, Nicole, Peter Mawson, Keith Morris, and Roberta Bencini. "Biology and population dynamics of the black-flanked rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis lateralis) in the central wheatbelt of Western Australia." Australian Mammalogy 33, no. 2 (2011): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am10036.

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Through a mark–recapture study, we explored aspects of the biology and population dynamics in the largest known population of the black-flanked rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis lateralis) at Mt Caroline Nature Reserve, in the Western Australian wheatbelt in 2007–10. The body condition index of males and females varied significantly over time but fluctuated similarly for both sexes. Males and females followed a pattern of best condition in early summer, declining through autumn and reaching their poorest condition in early spring. Body condition was closely related to rainfall in the period ~3–6 months before trapping sessions. Births occurred throughout the year with two reproductive peaks, in autumn and late winter/spring. Reproductive rates averaged over 90% annually, except in 2007 when they averaged 76%. Significantly fewer females bred during 2007, and those females were in poorer body condition. Females with a higher body condition index were more likely to reproduce (P = 0.003) but body condition did not influence the sex of offspring. The sex ratio of offspring did not differ significantly from parity and did not support either the Trivers–Willard or local resource competition hypotheses. This information should help to predict population trends and develop appropriate conservation strategies for this threatened species.
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Pearson, David J., Linda E. Neaves, Mike Paxman, Anthony Desmond, Juanita Renwick, Merril Halley, Nicole Willers, and Mark D. B. Eldridge. "Identification of a remnant population of the black-flanked rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis lateralis) in Kalbarri National Park, Western Australia, and implications for its management." Australian Mammalogy 41, no. 2 (2019): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am18021.

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Black-flanked rock-wallabies (Petrogale lateralis lateralis) were thought to be locally extinct in Kalbarri National Park, Western Australia, until 2015 when a pair were photographed in the Murchison River gorge. Subsequent searches failed to locate any other populations and, in combination with previous surveys, suggest that these animals were the sole survivors of a formerly abundant population. Efforts to capture the rock-wallabies to obtain tissue samples and ascertain their genetic affinities were unsuccessful. However, fresh faecal material was collected and a ~600-bp fragment of DNA sequence data was obtained from a mitochondrial DNA gene. The Kalbarri rock-wallabies were found to be genetically distinct from all other sampled populations of P. l. lateralis. They were genetically most similar to rock-wallabies in the Calvert Range, 950km to the north-east in the Little Sandy Desert. Nearer populations in Cape Range (600km north) and the Western Australian Wheatbelt (500km south-east) were less closely related. Following evaluation of a variety of factors, including population size, genetics, demography, ecology, environment and logistics, a decision was made to supplement the Kalbarri National Park population with females sourced from the Western Australian Wheatbelt. In May 2016 three females were released at the same site as the Kalbarri pair to try to ensure the survival of the population whilst still preserving unique Kalbarri alleles.
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Mason, Robert A. B., Teena L. Browning, and Mark D. B. Eldridge. "Reduced MHC class II diversity in island compared to mainland populations of the black-footed rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis lateralis)." Conservation Genetics 12, no. 1 (September 30, 2009): 91–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-009-9993-y.

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30

Ward, Matthew J., Roman Urban, John L. Read, Anika Dent, Thalie Partridge, Amber Clarke, and Jason van Weenen. "Status of warru (Petrogale lateralis MacDonnell Ranges race) in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands of South Australia. 1. Distribution and decline." Australian Mammalogy 33, no. 2 (2011): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am10047.

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Surveys for warru (Petrogale lateralis MacDonnell Ranges race) were conducted in targeted areas of the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara (APY) Lands in order to clarify the distribution and status of the taxon in South Australia. Presence was determined by animal sightings or fresh scats. The study identified extant warru sites adjacent to known colonies in the Musgrave and Tomkinson Ranges, indicating that, in both locations, warru probably occur as larger metapopulations. The study highlighted that warru has disappeared from 93% of its former range across South Australia, and from 88% of its stronghold in the APY Lands. Accounting for recent information on population dynamics, this study has confirmed that warru are ‘Endangered’ in South Australia, and a more thorough assessment of the race’s current national distribution and status is required.
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Kinnear, J. E., C. Pentland, N. Moore, and C. J. Krebs. "Fox control and 1080 baiting conundrums: time to prepare for a CRISPR solution." Australian Mammalogy 39, no. 2 (2017): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am16020.

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For many years, managing rock-wallaby colonies (Petrogale lateralis lateralis) in the Western Australian Wheatbelt seemed to be a matter of routinely exposing foxes (Vulpes vulpes) to toxic baits (sodium fluoroacetate, 1080®) laid around their rocky outcrops. Recent research has revealed that 1080 baitings are no longer a viable management option. Baiting is flawed over the long term because it does not erase the wallabies’ pervasive fear of being depredated by foxes, which can still make their menacing presence felt before succumbing to poison bait. Accordingly, a ‘landscape of fear’ exists on all rock-wallaby sites, creating a ‘virtual boundary’ beyond which they fear to forage. Severe overgrazing occurs, ultimately causing population crashes, leaving behind devastated outcrops greatly diminished in carrying capacity. The fallout from this scenario produces a management conundrum. Rock-wallaby populations are unstable in the absence of fox control, and conversely, they are also unstable under long-term fox control. Management is now left with few options, and the future of the colonies remains open. Other conundrums involving bait interference and mesopredator release are described. An alternative to 1080 baiting is clearly needed. Recent developments in gene engineering (CRISPR technology) offer a solution in the foreseeable future.
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Read, John L., and Matthew J. Ward. "Bringing back warru: initiation and implementation of the South Australian Warru Recovery Plan." Australian Mammalogy 33, no. 2 (2011): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am10040.

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The warru, or black-footed rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis MacDonnell Ranges race), has continued to declined dramatically in range and abundance in South Australia over the last 80 years, and is now considered to be one of the state’s most endangered species. This paper documents key indicators of this decline and provides context for both the formation of the Warru Recovery Team, and the development of the objectives and actions of the Warru Recovery Plan. Warru decline is considered to be a symptom of ecosystem dysfunction in the central Australian ranges, yet warru recovery provides an opportunity for broadscale ecosystem recovery in this remote region. Full engagement of Anangu, research-based adaptive ecosystem management, and inclusive, strategic and sustainable management of the recovery process, are considered integral to meeting the objectives of the Warru Recovery Plan.
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Ruykys, Laura, and Melanie L. Lancaster. "Population structure and genetic diversity of the black-footed rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis MacDonnell Ranges race)." Australian Journal of Zoology 63, no. 2 (2015): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo14009.

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Genetic diversity is a critical determinant of the persistence of populations because it enables animals to evolve and adapt to environmental change. Black-footed rock-wallabies (Petrogale lateralis MacDonnell Ranges race), or warru, once occupied virtually all suitable habitat within the arid zone of central Australia. However, only two metapopulations now remain in the southern portion of this race’s range (South Australia) and a recovery program has involved both in- and ex-situ conservation initiatives. To establish whether genetic factors such as inbreeding may be inhibiting population recovery, the current study examined the population structure and genetic diversity of animals in the three largest-known extant colonies using six polymorphic microsatellite loci. Bayesian and frequency-based assignment tests revealed substantial population structuring (pairwise FST values 0.122–0.278), congruent with geographically distinct colonies. There was some evidence of dispersal, with two migrants identified across two colonies, but little evidence for extensive interbreeding among colonies. Population substructure was evidenced by high values of FIS in one colony. All populations possessed relatively high levels of genetic diversity (allelic richness: 5.1–7.5, heterozygosity: 0.70–0.72). On the basis of a genetic analysis of parentage, approximately half of all males and females in the known metapopulations produced offspring. This has likely contributed to the retention of genetic diversity across colonies. These findings have implications for the management of both the in- and ex-situ warru populations.
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34

Jones Lennon, Michelle, David A. Taggart, Peter D. Temple-Smith, and Mark D. B. Eldridge. "The impact of isolation and bottlenecks on genetic diversity in the Pearson Island population of the black-footed rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis pearsoni; Marsupialia:Macropodidae)." Australian Mammalogy 33, no. 2 (2011): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am11011.

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A morphologically distinct subspecies of black-footed rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis pearsoni), is naturally found only on North Pearson Island (~160 ha) in the Investigator Group, SA, where it was isolated by rising sea levels ~10 500 years ago. Subsequent translocations have seen additional populations established on Middle-South Pearson Island (~53 ha) in 1960 and Wedge Island (96 ha) in 1975. We have used 10 hypervariable microsatellite loci to examine the levels of genetic diversity in the endemic (n = 38) and translocated (n = 45–77) P. l. pearsoni populations compared with mainland P. lateralis populations (n = 19–52). Results show that all sampled P. l. pearsoni populations have very low levels of genetic diversity (A = 1.5–1.9; HE = 0.02–0.13) compared with mainland populations (A = 3.5–12.7; HE = 0.54–0.87). Intriguingly, more diversity was detected in the translocated Middle-South Pearson population than in its source population from North Pearson Island. In contrast, the Wedge Island population was almost monomorphic. Overall, the severe loss of genetic diversity (up to 98%) in P. l. pearsoni populations appears to result from random genetic drift on a small isolated population, exacerbated by some subsequent one-off translocation events. Although additional supplementary translocations are recommended to enhance genetic diversity, populations of P. l. pearsoni are likely to remain inherently vulnerable to extinction and therefore of special conservation concern.
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Creese, Sonja, Stephen J. J. F. Davies, and Barbara J. Bowen. "Comparative dietary analysis of the black-flanked rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis lateralis), the euro (Macropus robustus erubescens) and the feral goat (Capra hircus) from Cape Range National Park, Western Australia." Australian Mammalogy 41, no. 2 (2019): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am17059.

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The black-flanked rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis lateralis) is a threatened species, once widespread throughout Western Australia but now restricted to disjunct populations including those of Cape Range National Park. It is a herbivore with a foraging range restricted to rocky outcrops and, as such, may be impacted by competition for resources from other native or introduced herbivores. This study compared the diet of the black-flanked rock-wallaby with those of co-occurring species, the euro (Macropus robustus erubescens) and the feral goat (Capra hircus), from two gorges at Cape Range National Park, to determine whether there is overlap in dietary niches. Diet composition was determined using microhistological analysis of faecal pellets in comparison with reference plant material. The black-flanked rock-wallaby diet consisted predominately of browse/forbs with some variation across seasons (63% in summer months; 74% in winter months); this overlapped significantly with the diet of goats (Schoener Index: 0.79–0.88), but not euros (SI: 0.41–0.57), whose diet consisted predominantly of grasses (72–78%). There was, however, a significant overlap in the consumption of plants with stellate hairs for all three herbivores (SI: 0.89–0.98). Dietary overlap between rock-wallabies and goats may indicate a mechanism for competition, supporting continuing measures for reduction of goat numbers in Cape Range National Park.
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Eldridge, M. D. B., J. E. Kinnear, and M. L. Onus. "Source population of dispersing rock-wallabies (Petrogale lateralis) idengified by assignment tests on multilocus genotypic data." Molecular Ecology 10, no. 12 (December 2001): 2867–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0962-1083.2001.01403.x.

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37

Kinnear, J. E., M. L. Onus, and R. N. Bromilow. "Fox control and rock-wallaby population dynamics." Wildlife Research 15, no. 4 (1988): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9880435.

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The population dynamics of five remnant rock-wallaby populations (Petrogale lateralis) persisting on granite outcrops in the central wheatbelt region of Western Australia were monitored over a six year period. From 1979 to 1982 all populations remained relatively static or declined for unknown reasons, but circumstantial evidence implicated fox predation. A fox control program was implemented in 1982 on two outcrops and was maintained for four years with the result that the two resident rock-wallaby populations increased by 138 and 223%. Two rock-wallaby populations occupying sites not subjected to fox control declined by 14 and 85%, and the third population increased by 29%. It was concluded that the fox has probably been a significant factor in the demise and decline of native mammals in the past, and that surviving populations are still at risk. Control of predation pressure on nature reserves was shown to be feasible from a management perspective.
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38

Pearson, DJ. "Past and present distribution and abundance of the black-footed wallaby in the Warburton region of Western Australia." Wildlife Research 19, no. 6 (1992): 605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9920605.

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The black-footed rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis) was once widespread and abundant in rock-piles and ranges in the Warburton region of Western Australia. However, by the 1970s a major decline in its distribution and abundance was apparent. Ranges and rock outcrops were searched with local Aboriginal people to document the past and present distribution and abundance of the species and Aboriginal knowledge of its ecology. The journals of explorers, prospectors and surveyors were examined for records of rock-wallabies. Geologists, dingo trappers and other people who had worked in the region since 1930 were interviewed to document more recent sightings. Extant, small populations of rock-wallabies were located in six ranges, where they were inhabiting extensive gabbro rock-piles and rugged quartzite gullies, often in close proximity to permanent water. None of the granite outcrops visited had extant populations. Continuing local extinctions suggest that surviving populations are under threat and management intervention is required for their long term conservation.
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39

Ruykys, Laura. "Multi-scale habitat associations of the black-footed rock-wallaby in north-western South Australia." Wildlife Research 44, no. 3 (2017): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr17025.

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Context Research on species’ habitat associations is strengthened if it combines coarse-grained landscape data with finer-scale parameters. However, due to the effort required to measure fine-scale parameters, studies on threatened species that unite these two scales remain relatively rare. Aim This study aimed to undertake a multi-scale analysis of the habitat association of the threatened Petrogale lateralis (MacDonnell Ranges race) in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara (APY) Lands, South Australia. Method Analyses were conducted at four spatial scales: (1) across the Central Ranges IBRA Region (regional scale); (2) on hills in the APY Lands at which P. lateralis is extant and extinct (site scale); (3) at ‘core’ and ‘non-core’ areas within those hills (hillside scale); and (4) at rocky refuges. The maximum entropy approach through the software MaxEnt was used for the analysis at the regional scale. At the remaining scales, fieldwork was used to collect, and regression modelling to analyse, data. Key results At the regional scale, presence was associated with slope and geology. At the site scale, aspect, rock abundance and habitat type are likely to have facilitated animal persistence at extant sites. At the hillside scale, the aspect, vegetation type and rock complexity of core areas are likely to have contributed to their higher use. Size, exposure and accessibility were significant predictors of the use of rocky refuges. Conclusions All four spatial scales yielded novel information on the habitat associations of P. lateralis, supporting previous researchers’ suggestions that habitat modelling should be conducted at multiple spatial scales. Implications The study exemplifies the utility of combining MaxEnt modelling with fieldwork-derived data. The results may have conservation implications for this threatened race, and may also provide a model for other studies of faunal habitat associations.
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Eldridge, M. D. B., J. N. Bell, D. Pearson, and R. L. Close. "Identification of rock wallabies in the Warburton region of Western Australia, as Petrogale lateralis MacDonnell Ranges race." Australian Mammalogy 15, no. 1 (1992): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am92015.

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41

Muhic, Jasmina, Eric Abbott, and Matthew J. Ward. "The warru (Petrogale lateralis MacDonnell Ranges Race) reintroduction project on the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands, South Australia." Ecological Management & Restoration 13, no. 1 (January 2012): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-8903.2011.00620.x.

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42

Matthews, Alison, Laura Ruykys, Bill Ellis, Sean FitzGibbon, Daniel Lunney, Mathew S. Crowther, Alistair S. Glen, et al. "The success of GPS collar deployments on mammals in Australia." Australian Mammalogy 35, no. 1 (2013): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am12021.

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Global Positioning System (GPS) wildlife telemetry collars are being used increasingly to understand the movement patterns of wild mammals. However, there are few published studies on which to gauge their general utility and success. This paper highlights issues faced by some of the first researchers to use GPS technology for terrestrial mammal tracking in Australia. Our collated data cover 24 studies where GPS collars were used in 280 deployments on 13 species, including dingoes or other wild dogs (Canis lupus dingo and hybrids), cats (Felis catus), foxes (Vulpes vulpes), kangaroos (Macropus giganteus), koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus), livestock guardian dogs (C. l. familiaris), pademelons (Thylogale billardierii), possums (Trichosurus cunninghami), quolls (Dasyurus geoffroii and D. maculatus), wallabies (Macropus rufogriseus and Petrogale lateralis), and wombats (Vombatus ursinus). Common problems encountered were associated with collar design, the GPS, VHF and timed-release components, and unforseen costs in retrieving and refurbishing collars. We discuss the implications of collar failures for research programs and animal welfare, and suggest how these could be avoided or improved. Our intention is to provide constructive advice so that researchers and manufacturers can make informed decisions about using this technology, and maximise the many benefits of GPS while reducing the risks.
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Eldridge, M. D. B., P. Gee, I. Gee, and T. Reardon. "Identification of a rock wallaby population from the Davenport Ranges, central South Australia, as Petrogale lateralis MacDonnell Ranges race." Australian Mammalogy 17, no. 1 (1994): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am94017.

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44

Dortch, Joe. "Late Quaternary vegetation change and the extinction of Black-flanked Rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis) at Tunnel Cave, southwestern Australia." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 211, no. 3-4 (September 2004): 185–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2004.05.005.

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45

Ward, Matthew J., Laura Ruykys, Jason van Weenen, Siobhan de Little, Anika Dent, Amber Clarke, and Thalie Partridge. "Status of warru (Petrogale lateralis MacDonnell Ranges race) in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands of South Australia. 2. Population dynamics." Australian Mammalogy 33, no. 2 (2011): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am10055.

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The population dynamics of warru (Petrogale lateralis MacDonnell Ranges race) were studied in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands, South Australia, in order to inform management and better understand the race’s conservation ecology. Mark–recapture between 2005 and 2010 at the three largest known remaining colonies, followed by POPAN modelling, indicated that population sizes were 23 at New Well and 24 at Alalka in the Musgrave Ranges, and 14 at Kalka in the Tomkinson Ranges. Taking into account recent survey results, the study confirmed that warru are ‘Endangered’ in South Australia. However, there is potential for the recovery of the race, with high average reproductive rates (in the Musgrave Ranges >90% of reproductively active females had pouch young), even sex ratios and relatively high adult survivorship (>75%). Juvenile survival (51%), however, was significantly lower than that of adults. Given that red fox (Vulpes vulpes) numbers are low at these sites, this is possibly due to predation by feral cats (Felis catus), although this needs further investigation. Juvenile survival was also positively correlated with winter rainfall, possibly indicating that access to water is important during the drier winter months. In light of these observations, it is proposed that management of remaining warru colonies focus on cat control and consider providing access to free water during winter, as well as addressing landscape-scale threats such as wildfire and the spread of exotic plants.
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Matson, P., C. Mayberry, N. Willers, M. A. Blackberry, and G. B. Martin. "276. The technical and biological validation of an LH assay for use with the Western Grey Kangaroo (Macropus fuliginosis) and Black-flanked Rock Wallaby (Petrogale lateralis lateralis)." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 20, no. 9 (2008): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/srb08abs276.

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Methods for the measurement of marsupial LH invariably rely upon the similarity of the LH molecule between different species and usually use anti-ovine or anti-bovine LH antibody and an ovine or bovine labelled LH preparation. Initial attempts to measure plasma LH in the Western Grey Kangaroo with assays using antibodies to 4 different isoforms of ovine LH raised in 7 different rabbits were unsuccessful. An enzymeimmunoassay (EIA) developed for the Asian elephant (Zoo Biology 23:45–63) was then applied to the Western Grey Kangaroo and the Black-flanked Rock Wallaby. This EIA has an anti-bovine-LH monoclonal antibody (518B7 provided by Dr Jan Roser, University of California, Davis, USA), biotinylated ovine LH label and bovine LH standard (NIADDK-oLH-26 and NIH-bLH-B10, both provided by Dr Janine Brown and Nicole Abbondanza, Smithsonian Institute, Front Royal, Virginia USA). Technical validation showed that serial dilution down to 1:8 of plasma from 7 individuals of each species showed parallelism to the assay standard curve, and control samples (1.24–5.30 ng/mL) had between-assay coefficients of variation <9%. Biological validation was achieved by challenging animals with intramuscular GnRH (Fertagyl®, 2.5 µg/kg) and measuring LH before and 25 min after the injection. Significant increases in plasma concentrations of LH (mean ± sem; all P > 0.0005) were seen after GnRH for both the Western Grey Kangaroo (from 5.0 ± 0.8 ng/mL to 9.4 ± 1.2 ng/mL; n = 19) and the Black-flanked Rock Wallaby (from 6.0 ± 0.7 ng/mL to 10.6 ± 0.6 ng/mL; n = 28). In conclusion, this assay can be successfully used to measure LH in these two species.
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47

Thornett, Elizabeth, Bertram Ostendorf, and David A. Taggart. "Interspecies co-use of southern hairy-nosed wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons) burrows." Australian Mammalogy 39, no. 2 (2017): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am15052.

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Burrows can provide refuge for both burrowing and non-burrowing species within harsh environments through protection from climatic extremes, water loss and predation. In Australia, however, despite having a rich diversity of burrowing mammals, little is known about the use of burrows by non-burrowing species. This study aimed to identify the extent of co-use of southern hairy-nosed wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons) burrows on Wedge Island off the coast of South Australia. Burrow use was monitored using 34 motion-activated cameras placed outside wombat burrows between March and September 2015. Eleven species were found to use burrows, with six commensal species observed using burrows on numerous occasions. These included two mammal species (black-footed rock-wallaby, Petrogale lateralis pearsoni; brush-tailed bettong, Bettongia penicillata), three reptile species (peninsula dragon, Ctenophorus fionni; southern sand-skink, Liopholis multiscutata; White’s skink, Liopholis whitii), and one avian species (little penguin, Eudyptula minor). The most common species observed using burrows was the black-footed rock-wallaby, which was recorded using burrows 1795 times. Observations of wombats using burrows were made 1674 times. The prevalent use of burrows on Wedge Island by species other than wombats is an observation with potentially important and broad ecological, conservation, and management implications across Australia’s arid and semiarid zones.
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48

Eldridge, M. D. B., P. M. Johnson, T. F. Clancy, and Close RL. "Identification of a rock-wallaby population from 'Lawn Hill', northwest Queensland, as Petrogale lateralis purpureicollis: a significant range extension." Australian Mammalogy 16, no. 1 (1993): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am93012.

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49

Read, J. L., E. Dagg, and K. E. Moseby. "Prey selectivity by feral cats at central Australian rock-wallaby colonies." Australian Mammalogy 41, no. 1 (2019): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am17055.

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Threatened warru, or black-footed rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis MacDonnell Ranges race), populations in northern South Australia continued to decline despite baiting for foxes (Vulpes vulpes), which improved their short-term conservation status elsewhere. To investigate whether feral cats (Felis catus) also represent a risk to warru we compared frequencies of prey occurrence in 103 feral cat and 14 fox stomachs shot near warru colonies in northern South Australia during 2001–17 with measures of prey abundance from pitfall trapping and opportunistic searches. We hypothesise that one fresh adult warru kill and the presence of warru remains in four other cats suggests predation by cats on adult and juvenile warru. Small reptiles and invertebrates were the most frequently recorded prey of cats in summer, whereas rodents and small dasyurids were the most frequent prey items in winter. Small mammals, small snakes and pygopodid lizards were over-represented in the diet of cats compared with estimated encounter frequencies, whereas fast-running dragons, knob-tailed geckoes (Nephrurus) and echidnas (Tachyglossus aculeatus) were not recorded from cat stomachs despite being relatively abundant. Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), rodents and fruits were the most frequently recorded items in fox stomachs. This study reinforces that targeted management of feral cat populations should be considered in concert with control of canids in sustainable recovery programs for warru and other cat-vulnerable species.
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50

West, Rebecca, S. Potter, D. Taggart, and M. D. B. Eldridge. "Looking back to go forward: genetics informs future management of captive and reintroduced populations of the black-footed rock-wallaby Petrogale lateralis." Conservation Genetics 19, no. 1 (December 8, 2017): 235–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-017-1030-y.

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