Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Petites et moyennes entreprises – Innovation'
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MUNIER, FRANCIS. "Taille de la firme et innovation : approches theoriques et empiriques fondees sur le concept de competence." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999STR1EC01.
Full textThe main subject of the thesis is to analyse the contribution of the concept of competence to explain the relation between size of the firm and innovation. We analyse the major books of j. A. Schumpeter to put in light that these interpretations of neo-schumpeterians are subject to critics. Taking in account the conceptual coherence between books of schumpeter, we show that the model of "schumpeter i" prevailing. After a review of the theoretical and empirical approaches, a conceptual approach is proposed to elaborate a theory of the firm based on the concept of competence. This perspective is prevalent to explain the variety of innovative behaviour of the firm. Two models are developed. Firstly, we develop a model of innovative behaviour of a firm in function of his repertory of competencies in a dynamical, non-stochastic context. Secondly, we demonstrate mathematically the theory of organisational knowledge creation of nonaka's model [1994]. We propose also to analyse ours results in empirical terms. We show that the model of 'schumpeter i' is refuted and globally big enterprise are more competent to innovate
Olosutean, Angela. "Innovation et Coopération des Petites et Moyennes Entreprises. Une analyse des populations d’entreprises innovantes." Thesis, Orléans, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ORLE0508/document.
Full textWhile innovation is open and based on the networking of different actors, small and medium enterprises(SME) have a rising role to play in this field. French clusters, formal (as local productive systems,competitiveness clusters etc.) and informal, have significantly contributed to the SME innovation capacity byoffering them specific knowledge and skills that they couldn’t acquire if they remained isolated. The mainbody of this thesis is constructed within this perspective and seeks to shed a new light on the inter-enterpriseinnovation linkages. More precisely, the aim is to analyze the determinants of innovation of SMEs taking intoaccount their cooperation for innovation at a local, regional or national level. Within this scope, we develop atheoretical framework based on an analysis of different approaches of innovation, enhanced with elements ofthe geography of innovation proximity. This framework is then verified on empirical data firstly, at a regionallevel by studding different SME clusters of the Center Region and then, at a national level in an econometricstudy based on the survey data of Innovation (CIS4) on innovative SMEs. To conclude, the results show thatSMEs’ capacity to innovate arises from an internal and external complex process that, given the limitedresources of SMEs, should be based on effective innovation systems at different levels. SMEs’ cooperationfor innovation both in regional clusters and in national innovation systems can thus contribute to the creationof an ecosystem that is suitable for innovation
Olosutean, Angela. "Innovation et Coopération des Petites et Moyennes Entreprises. Une analyse des populations d'entreprises innovantes." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00705873.
Full textBougrain, Frédéric. "Les P. M. E. Et l'innovation : Implications en matière de politique technologique régionale - Cas de la région Centre et comparaison avec le Bade-Wurtemberg." Orléans, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ORLE0502.
Full textRodríguez, Rey Julio César. "Croissance, innovation et gestion dans les petites et moyennes entreprises industrielles du Nord-Ouest de l'Argentine : un modèle relationnel quantitatif." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0058/document.
Full textThis PhD exploratory research aims to better understand the link between the economic growth and the innovation capacity of small and medium companies (SME) of the north west of Argentina (Sánchez et al, 2011). The objective is to objectivate the impact of the newness of the products on performances thanks to a top down type research approach. In order to take innovation capacity of the companies into account, the Boly et al (2000) method is used: it allows the calculation of a potential innovation index specific to the company. This index is then compared to others descriptive variables of the growth trends of the companies (O’Regan et al, 2006). The functioning mode of each studied SME is described thanks an activity based model. These activities are linked with the evaluation of the acceptability of the company’s products on the market. Thus acceptability is used as the main criteria to assess SME’s performance (Pantano et Di Pietro, 2012). Then, data about the evolution of the environment are integrated to the approach in order to consider external variables influencing the industrial performances (Porter M. E., 2008). Methodologies developed during the research are: multicriteria methods to calculate the potential innovation index (Camargo et al, 2007). A mathematic linear regression model is developed to represent the growth evolution of each company. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis are also used. Experimental data are collected in companies in the North West of Argentina through maturity grids (Maier et al, 2012). Data about management practices and performance variables are collected simultaneously. Finally the external variables are described thanks and experts enquiry
Ayerbe, Machat Cécile. "Innovation technologique et innovation organisationnelle : une analyse qualitative de P.M.E. innovantes." Nice, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NICE0078.
Full textThis research aims at studying the imbrication between technological and organizational innovations in high technology based SMEs. Although many studies acknowledge the alliance between technological and organizational dimensions of innovation, only a few really outline and study this phenomenon. A literature review on the relations between technology and organization emphasized the progressive transition from an exogeneous conception of technology and an adaptive conception of organization (mainly represented in the contingency approach) to studies which recognize the complementarity between technological and organizational innovations. Qualified as ± integrative α these last approaches also have weaknesses mainly due to the numerous definitions of concepts and the variety of organizations studied. Besides, they do not really tacke into account the nature of the relations between innovations. Regarding this literature, three research
Doan, Quang-Minh. "Préservation des connaissances dans les petites et moyennes entreprises vietnamiennes : modèle et processus." Paris 9, 2012. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2012PA090021.
Full textThe objective of this research is to propose a reference model for Knowledge Retention within Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (KR-SME) and empirically test it in the context of Vietnamese SMEs in order to investigate the impact of organizational factors on Knowledge Retention process as well as examine the relationship between Knowledge Retention process and organizational performance. To achieve this objective, two essential steps were implemented. Firstly, a holistic approach had been obtained as a theoretical background for carrying out the research; this approach mainly focuses on the human-oriented side and considers technology as one of the enabling factors. Secondly, a quantitative survey was employed to test 19 hypotheses in an integrated conceptual framework based on the KR-SME model. Data were collected from a survey of 268 managers and staff working at 64 Vietnamese SMEs. Regression techniques were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the success of the Knowledge Retention process depends on five determinant factors: the cultural values, the consistent support of company managers, the transparency and feasibility of Knowledge Retention strategy, the effectiveness of human resource practices, and finally the effective use of information and communication technology. Furthermore, the findings revealed that the process of Knowledge Retention not only had a significant correlation with company performance but also played an important mediating role in the link between the determinant factors and organizational performance
Omri, Waleed. "Three essays on individual innovation behavior in SMEs : managerial characteristics corporate governance, and corporate performance." Limoges, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIMO1010.
Full textIndividual innovative behavior is being increasingly accepted as an important means and a valuable additional factor to achieve high performance and competitiveness. Consequently, both academics and practitioners are increasingly interested in identifying factors that foster innovative behavior in the workplace. Various types of factors were identified as vital determinants of individual innovative behavior. Despite the number of studies conducted so far, researchers have shown much less interest in other antecedents such as personality traits, religious beliefs, and mental abilities. Less attention has also been paid to the consequences of innovative work behavior. Scholars have therefore encouraged more holistic research models that consider innovative behavior as the dependent and independent variable. With this in view, it would be crucial to study in details the antecedents and consequences of individual innovative behavior in a context of SMEs. The evaluation describes in the present dissertation aimed to fill some of the gaps in knowledge by theoretically and empirically investigating, through a combination of individual and organizational variables, the antecedents of innovative behavior and then in the next step, the effect of this engagement on corporate performance
Pillon, Elodie. "Expliquer l'adoption des pratiques d'innovation ouverte des PME par les caractéristiques stratégiques, organisationnelles et environnementales." Thesis, Normandie, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021NORMC001.
Full textThe objective of this research is to explain the adoption of open innovation practices by SMEs by exploring the strategic, organisational and environmental characteristics of SMEs. We first of all lay the theoretical foundations for understanding the concept of open innovation and provide a better understanding of its specificity in the SME context. We then use a literature review process to identify twenty-two determinants, three innovation strategies and eleven open innovation practices and propose an integrative model for the adoption of open innovation in SMEs that links strategic, organisational and environmental characteristics to open innovation practices. After having justified our epistemological and methodological choices, namely the choice of a hypothetico-deductive approach anchored in a critical realistic positioning and a quantitative methodology, we verify the existence of a statistically significant link between the organisational, strategic and environmental characteristics of Norman SMEs and the adoption of open innovation practices. Our results show that exploitation is not correlated with open innovation practices and that ambidextrousness is positively correlated with open innovation practices. However, exploration is not correlated with open innovation practices since only co-design is negatively correlated with exploitation strategy and only venture capital is negatively correlated with exploitation strategy and positively correlated with ambidextrous. Other simple and multiple logistic regressions then identified the main organisational and environmental variables explaining the use of different open innovation practices. The results reveal that the structural and extra-organisational determinants are linked to the three open innovation logics, and that the inter-organisational determinants are significantly correlated to outside-in and coupled process but inside-out practices. The environmental determinants are significantly correlated to the practices of coupled process and inside-out, but not outside-in. The results show that organisational and environmental characteristics are significantly correlated with the open innovation practices adopted by SMEs. Finally, a classification was carried out which revealed three groups of SMEs: a group of so-called closed innovative SMEs, which do not practise open innovation much, a group of so-called acquisition innovative SMEs, which seek to enrich their R&D process by purchasing external resources, and the group of interactive innovative SMEs, which promote collaboration between different actors to achieve joint innovation. Finally, from a theoretical point of view, this doctoral work has enabled us to synthesise knowledge on open innovation in SMEs, to build a model integrating both open innovation practices and the strategic, organisational and environmental characteristics of SMEs and to identify three groups of SMEs with distinct profiles in terms of the adoption of open innovation practices. From a managerial point of view, our work raises awareness among decision-makers on the different combinations favouring or hindering the adoption of open innovation and gives managers the possibility to choose the most appropriate elements for their SME in terms of open innovation practices according to the combination of their strategic characteristics, organisational characteristics and environmental characteristics
Boutillier, Sophie. "Petites entreprises industrielles, entrepreneurs et innovation en Grèce : le cas de l'industrie micro-électronique-informatique." Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100105.
Full textThe entrepreneur is in the economic and sociological analysis a very important figure. For J. Schumpeter, the entrepreneur is the power of the economic development toward his capacity to create new products and processes of production. The entrepreneur is placed between the industrial worker and scientist. This idea is the theoretical base of this study. In the particular case of the Greek industry, the small enterprises with 50 salaries or less are the majority of the industrial firms of this country. But the important place of the small firms in the Greek industry is not the product of the entrepreneur's personality. In the situation of the economic crisis, the enterprise’s creation is the product of the necessity. The objective of a lot of Greek people is to be a public employed, not to be an entrepreneur. The creation of firms is not the product of an individual decision but the product of the economic structures
Peixe, McIntyre Jimmy. "Les facteurs favorables et d'obstacles aux innovations dans un contexte de changement organisationnel des PME et de l'État de Pernambouc au Brésil." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2005.
Find full textLebrun, Anne-Cécile. "L'innovation managériale dans les petites et moyennes entreprises : le cas d’innovations managériales alternatives à l’organisation hiérarchique dans les PME en croissance." Thesis, Université de Montpellier (2022-….), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UMOND001.
Full textThere is a growing interest from companies and academic research in Management Innovations (MIs) carrying a managerial philosophy alternative to that of the hierarchical organization. Their adoption by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) appears a priori unexpected given the specificities of SMEs, in particular their vulnerability and the strong centrality of the manager. The exacerbated context of the growth of the SME makes the adoption of such MIs all the more unexpected, as it brings multiple upheavals and destabilizing tensions, and pushes the SME to evolve towards a classical hierarchical organization. However, existing literature reports a small number of studies carried out on MIs in SMEs, and a fortiori on MIs that are alternative to hierarchical organization in growing SMEs, thus not shedding enough light on these phenomena. Therefore, as a first line of research, this doctoral work aims to identify the motivations that push growing SMEs to adopt a MI alternative to the hierarchical organization. From a dynamic perspective, our second line of research is concerned with the evolution of such MIs when the SME experiences a new phase of growth after its adoption. To answer these questions, our choice was to go with a qualitative methodology, a methodology that is consistent with our interpretative epistemological paradigm. We are studying three cases of growing SMEs as part of our first line of research, and two cases of SMEs experiencing growth after the adoption of a first MI as part of the second line of research. Our results show that the studied SMEs adopt MIs alternative to hierarchical organization because they refuse to evolve towards a hierarchical organization because of their growth. The hierarchical organization is perceived as distancing the company from its identity and its original values. They adopt such MIs with the intent of perpetuating their original values and history. Our second line of research shows that the two studied SMEs are setting up a second MI alternative to hierarchical organization in order to overcome the challenges brought by a new growth stage. This second MI is aligned with the philosophy of the first MI, philosophy that is congruent with the original values of the SME, values that it wishes to thereby perpetuate
Aguilar-Zambrano, José Javier. "Common technical interests definition through a collaborative identification between SMEs and research organisations." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA6089.
Full textMuller, Emmanuel. "Innovation interactions between knowledge-intensive business services and small and medium-sized enterprises : an analysis in terms of evolution, knowledge and territories." Strasbourg 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999STR1EC15.
Full textAïhounhin, Sègbédji Parfait. "Vers une meilleure compréhension des déterminants spécifiques à la croissance des PME opérant en Afrique : cas du Bénin." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/36235.
Full textThe overall goal of this thesis is to show, that the specified determinants of corporate growth is a function of business environments. Africa being plural and multifaceted by its culture, its customs, its business environments, we opted to study Benin. To achieve this global objective, a sub-objective is retained by article among the three that this thesis contains. In the first article, it was a question of making a global synthesis of the determinants of SME growth by categorizing them. In the second article, we confirmed the relevant (specific) determinants for the context under study. In the third article, we evaluated the effect of the determinants retained on the growth of the SMEs studied. Thus, a stepwise approach is used to achieve the above objectives. In the first stage, a systematic review of the literature made it possible to take stock of the determinants of SME growth as well as to highlight a number of emerging factors to be studied (1st level of results). Following this step, we have, based on a principal component analysis, tried to identify among the emerging factors, those that could be qualified as specific determinants (2nd level of result). Finally, using the panel regression, we studied the effects of the specific determinants retained on the growth of the SMEs in our sample (3rd level of result). Among other results, this study highlights the importance of certain specific determinants of SME growth, such as the use of external expertise, investment in research and development, and corporate social responsibility.
Montfort, Anna de. "Les problèmes de développement des petites et moyennes entreprises en Russie de 1990 à 2012." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0067.
Full textThe thesis proposes to study the evolution of development of small and medium-sized firms in Russia since 1990. This thesis consists in two parts. First part speaks about global tendencies in russian market economy and about the emerging of small and medium-sized firms. This part focus on the big evolutions in russian economic policy from the disappearance of Soviet Union and associated events such as privatisation and implementation of market economy. Impact of 1998 and 2008 crises is studied in regards to their effects on small and medium-sized firms. The second part is dedicated to the specific development problems of this firm's category in Russia, and in particular the role of institutions in this development as well as the importance of corruption system. The role of innovation is analysed and the system of Technoparc is studied
Boldrini, Jean-Claude Bréchet Jean-Pierre. "L'accompagnement des projets d'innovation le suivi de l'introduction de la méthode TRIZ dans des entreprises de petite taille /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=26376.
Full textDang, Rani Jeanne. "L' intégration des PME au sein des dynamiques territoriales d'innovation : une approche fondée sur les connaissances. Les cas de deux clusters du Pôle de compétitivité SCS." Nice, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NICE0049.
Full textFrench SMEs still find it difficult to enter the big league of firms. Considering this, a series of innovation policies has been refined to help SMEs' growth. This recent evolution is exemplified by the emergence of a new way of thinking based on a territorial framework, the main idea being to stimulate collaborative innovation through firms' involvement in innovative projects set-up locally. Even more significantly than in the case of other types of organizations, SMEs are encouraged - as a compensation of their lack of resources - to collaborate if they seek to innovate. Yet, they face a series of issues in this process. While research has tackled this issue, most contributions remained focused on SMEs' intrinsic weaknesses. To a large extent, this thesis differs from these contributions since it explores the dynamics of territorial innovation as a point of entry of the study rather than SMEs per se. In particular, this thesis deals with the identification of dynamics of territorial innovation's underlying mechanisms, which influence the SMEs' integration within LIPs. Based on qualitative research and on the grounded theory method, this study focuses on the case of two clusters part of the SCS competitiveness pôle " solutions communicantes sécurisées ": Marseille-Rousset-Gémenos, and Nice-Sophia-Antipolis. Results from this research suggest that SMEs' integration modes are significantly different under the influence of a specific mechanism that is: the role of architectural knowledge at the cluster-level. Overall, the combination of the results helped elaborating a model of SMEs' integration within dynamics of territorial innovation which contribute to both research developments on dynamics of territorial innovation and SMEs
Zouaoua-Ragab, Dalia. "Lois d'évolution de TRIZ pour la conception des futures générations des produits : proposition d'un modèle." Paris, ENSAM, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENAM0007.
Full textThe current economic environment has created a strong need for innovation in companies. To overcome the concurrence, they do not hesitate to use the innovation and creativity methods. We find several of them on the market; unfortunately some of them have limitations in their ability to help companies to find innovative solution. These methods are not all based on structured knowledge and history of products evolution as is the case for the TRIZ theory. This theory carries a real basis of concepts and principles that help to generate ideas for solutions to common problems in all areas. TRIZ inspired the development of several software based on its key concepts and tools. However, most of existing software has not incorporated the laws of evolution focused on the identification of trends of technical systems with a process of innovation to anticipate their future development. The benefit for these companies is to have available methods that can help in this area. Our goal is to explore the TRIZ theory to propose a model to apply the law of evolution of TRIZ in innovation of products. Our model is based on the essential concepts of the theory especially resolving contradictions and laws of evolution. The model that we propose is intended for research and development teams and allows companies making profits by saving time in fetching the areas of product enhancements specifically in search of the next generation of products
Lachance, Jean-Pierre. "Les conditions de succès des pme intégrant de nouvelles technologies : les aspects associés aux activités de formation /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1994. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Full textSemensato, Bárbara Ilze. "Les capacités dynamiques pour l'innovation et les modèles d'internationalisation des entreprises basées sur les nouvelles technologies : une étude de cas multiple avec les PME Brésiliennes." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAG009.
Full textThe globalization of markets and the growing international competitiveness in the last two decades have provided the entry of competing firms in the market, among which are small firms. Notably recognized for their social and economic importance, small enterprises of the industry, trade and services sectors of activity are, in numerical terms, the vast majority of businesses in Brazil. Given the importance of this object of research, this research has as general objective to explore the relationship between the innovation orientation and the internationalization patterns of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). To achieve this general objective, three specific objectives are drawn, which are the study of the internationalization process and patterns of small-and-medium-sized technology based firms and the study of dynamic capabilities for innovation inherent to the distinct internationalization process and patterns of the SMEs. The dynamic capabilities for innovation drive the technological innovation development, namely, innovation in products, processes and services, also fostering the non-technological innovation development, in other words, the Marketing and the organizational. In addition, the dynamic capabilities impact positively on the competitiveness of small businesses in domestic and international markets. The theoretical basis of this research lies in the Internationalization Theories, from the Behavioral School and the Economic School, for Business Internationalization, and the Innovation Theories, referring to the Dynamic Capabilities for Innovation. In order to better understand the object of research, for each topic there is a section concerning to the SMEs. The sectoral diversity of the participants firms contributed to the magnitude of results on the dynamic capabilities for innovation of Brazilian SMEs, as well as to identify their internationalization patterns. From a qualitative study, the analysis show that Brazilian SMEs seek to differentiate through innovation in their international operating markets. Regarding the internationalization patterns of Brazilian SMEs, they differ in some criteria than shown in the literature. Therefore, the analysis of dynamic capabilities for innovation shows that small Brazilian companies have high potential for the innovation development, even with the existence of external barriers. Concerning the internationalization, the SMEs of the study have specific international patterns, requiring, therefore, criteria approaches in relation to literature. As academic contributions, the research presents the analysis of dynamic capabilities for innovation related to the pattern of internationalization of Brazilian SMEs, presenting emerging variables from the research themes. Finally, as managerial contributions, the analysis of the cases enables verifying how firms seek to position themselves competitively in international markets
Granié, Pierre. "Politique régionale d'innovation et PMEI /." Aix-en-Provence : CER, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb349059396.
Full textBarral, Badin Caroline. "Les PME et les nouvelles technologies." Paris 9, 1985. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1985PA090013.
Full textLefeuvre, Cozien Anne-Gaëlle. "La coopération hors contrat entre petites entreprises : analyse économique et étude de cas des processus d'apprentissage." Rennes 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REN10005.
Full textYanga, Ngary Bertin. "La modernisation quotidienne par les activités professionnelles et marchandes au Gabon." Toulouse 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU20066.
Full textGabon is a rich country which produces poverty. Between the status quo and the imitation of the industrialized countries, does it exist a third way? We explore this track of a daily modernization which is not defined a priori in a final way by a category of actors, but unceasingly renewed by the practices of each one. A modernization made of initiatives and apprenticeships aiming at the invention of productive and commercial activities by small contractors, but also its framing through public policies. This analysis of the abstract professional practices and the public actions aiming to formalizing them led to the emergence of a capacity of action and innovation of the public actors on a side and small contractors on the other. Do they manage to approach? It is the object of this work
Movahhedi, Mohammad. "Relations entre innovation, productivité et exportation : analyse empirique sur données d’entreprises." Caen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CAEN0505.
Full textThe thesis is in the context of the entry of heterogeneous firms into export markets. It presents a synthetic and selective review of recent related studies. Based on the surveyed works, we developed an original and simple theoretical model to better integrate the various dimensions of the export decision such as the occasional export. Then, the assumptions are tested as a part of a recursive model from firm-level data (SME-France). The results show that, in one hand, the "trial and error" could play an important role in the decision to durable export, and in the other hand, the role of productivity seems less important. Furthermore, the effect of exporting on the firm performance is analyzed empirically in an original way by distinguishing a self-selection effect and a specialization effect from the classical learning effect. In addition, innovation output and innovation input indicators more relevant than those usually used are constructed from original data. Finally, the estimates show that export affect indirectly productivity through the self-selection effect
Bouzid, Inès. "La dynamique des innovations d'exploration et d'exploitation des PME à travers les alliances stratégiques." Paris 9, 2011. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2011PA090061.
Full textThe aim of this research is to understand the role played by the complementary and additive alliances of Small to Medium sized Enterprises (SMEs) in order to conciliate both explorative and exploitative innovation. The understanding of the context of the conclusion of SMEs alliances and the links which can exist between the various natures of the alliances and the studied innovations was led according to two approaches. In fact, the research brings together both the contributions of a qualitative exploratory approach with those of a quantitative confirmatory study. The research shows that the driving of both explorative and exploitative innovations by means of the strategic alliances is influenced by a set of contextual, organizational and strategic factors. The exploratory phase has allowed distinguishing clearly between the SMEs’s alliances with the industry and those with the academic word. In the other hand, the confirmatory phase has allowed to clarify the specificities of the various alliances of the SMEs in terms of mobilized resources, partner’s choice, strategic objectives and driven innovation. This research shows that the conciliation of explorative and exploitative innovation within the same SMEs, by means of the implementation of the complementary and additive alliances, takes place with various natures of partners
Tan, Firwan. "Un modèle de création d'un centre d'entreprise et d'innovation dans un pays en voie d'industrialisation (P. V. I. ) : application opérationnelle pour la création du CEI-Limatek à Sumatra ouest en Indonésie." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPL137N.
Full textJemaa, Adel. "Processus d’absorption, Innovation & Productivité : Analyse empirique sur données d’entreprises." Caen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CAEN0504.
Full textThe thesis deals with the conceptualization and assessment of the ability of firms to absorb external knowledge. It also discusses the impact of this capability on innovation and productivity. The first contribution of this thesis consists in modeling the absorption capacity as an integrated process in the innovation of the company processes. This process of absorption is defined and modeled in an original way through a network of interactions between different activities or capacities: the capacity for internal absorption, the access to external knowledge and the ability to cooperate capacity. The second contribution is to analytically treat the issue by integrating the absorption capacity and the cognitive distance through an innovation function simultaneously. This model allows to distinguish between a theoretical absorption capacity and an effective absorption capacity that takes into account the cognitive distance. The third contribution initially consists, on one hand, in measuring the intensity of these different capabilities and, on the other hand, in estimating the causal relationships between them. That is to say, the ability to determine the internal absorption ability to access external knowledge, which in turn, would determine the ability to cooperate. Secondly, the thesis focuses on the influence of the intensity of cooperation on business performance (output of innovation, labor productivity, TFP). Finally, the thesis discusses the impact of the performance of the company on its internal capacity for absorption
Hattab, Samia. "Financement de l'innovation par capital risque : cas du Maroc." Montpellier 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON10056.
Full textBeyina, Onguene Emmanuel. "Financements et rentabilité des PME innovantes camerounaises." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2007/BEYINA_ONGUENE_Emmanuel_2007.pdf.
Full textGasiglia, Hervé. "Les stratégies d'appropriation des résultats de la R&D par les P. E. I. Innovantes : un modèle d'aide à la décision." Nice, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NICE0054.
Full textChereau, Philippe. "Strategic posture, innovation behavior and performance in SMEs : type fit and contingencies : three essays based on the case of french manufacturing SMEs." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM1046/document.
Full textThis doctoral research, conducted on French manufacturing SMEs, investigates the relationship between competitive strategy, innovation, and performance. More specifically, the purpose of this work is to understand whether specific patterns of alignment between competitive strategy and innovation influence firm performance. We propose to explore, in three essays, firstly, the influence of strategic posture on innovation behavior, and the existence of strategy-innovation alignments. Secondly, we explore the influence of industry effects and firm's specific effects on strategic posture, innovation behavior, and on strategy-innovation fit. Thirdly, this research investigates the implication of fit between strategic posture and innovation behavior from a performance perspective. The research enhances the scope of analysis of this relationship to the technical but also marketing and organizational dimensions of innovation. Our model, stemming from the rationale of Miles and Snow's adaptive cycle (1978), contributes to further understanding the content - the conditions for achieving competitive advantage - and the process - the dynamics – dimensions of competitive advantage in small businesses. First, results confirm the existence of differentiated alignments between the Entrepreneurial, Engineering and Administrative characteristics of Miles and Snow's strategic postures and the characteristics of their respective innovation behavior, thus supporting the predictive validity of competitive strategy on firms' innovation behavior. Second, results highlight the influence of distinct but complementary industry and firm contingencies on the strategy-innovation relationship
Nziali, Teukam Emeran. "Les théories contemporaines de l'entrepreneuriat et la performance macroéconomique : une perspective sur l'innovation et la distribution de la taille des firmes." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010025.
Full textYounes, Bouacida Rédha. "Politiques scientifiques et techniques et aides à l'innovation des PME algériennes." Aix-Marseille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX32042.
Full textThe literature which carries on the problematic of innovation and the competitivity is no much present in the developping economies, so even it’s admitted today that the rise in power of the scientific and technical systems in some emerged economies such as south corea and Taiwan, has allowed to put in place technological capacities, and pass from under-development to development. Algeria presents an interesting example, at the same time near and not wellknown. This thesis proposes to explore the working of the scientific and technical system in Algeria, the relations between the scientific and technical activities and the economical performances, and present an analysis of relations between technological activities, innovtion and growth in the algerian SME. The thesis is structured on two parts of theorical and empirical range. In the first part, we have examined the place of the SME in the production and the technical change. We could first discover the sector of small and medium enterprise, after this, the role of these enterprises in the economical growth in Algeria. We will see that the algerian SME don’t play yet their role in the creation of jobs and in the activity. Then, we have done an analysis on the SME and the activities of innovation mostly on the factors which favour these activities, such as the network of innovation, the near and funding. In the second part, we will do an analysis of the growth and innovation in the algerian SME. We will discover the modernisation of the SME and its impact on the growth. This demonstration is leaded mostly to show the action of the algerian authorities in the domain of science, technology, and innovation. We have noticed that the difficulties of Algeria to develop the scientific and technical activities, and encourage the activities of research and innovation in enterprises. Then, we will present the results of an empirical study of innovation in the algerian SME. This survey is based on an a sample of 100 enterprises, using EVIEWS software. The economical results have in particular shown that the algerian SME are caracterized by a weak capacities of innovation and the absence of a system of support for innovation. In short, this research shows the necessity for Algeria to make more efforts in R-D, and gives aids in addition to incite the SME to innovate
Bereau, Philippe. "Traitements informatiques de l'information formelle et informelle pour l'aide à la veille technologique et à la planification stratégique des petites et moyennes entreprises et des grands groupes industriels." Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX3A001.
Full textKantaruk, Oksana. "L’innovation produit et performance exportatrice des petits exportateurs : le rôle-clé des importateurs dans le développement des nouveaux produits." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0001.
Full textProduct innovation helps to improve SMEs export performance. Exporting SMEs often collaborate with their foreign importers to develop or adapt products for export markets. To the best of our knowledge, little research exists on the impact of exporter-importer collaboration on the performance of innovations originating from these collaborations. Our research analyzes the relational mechanisms that would stimulate exporter-importer collaborations for innovation. We identified and tested two factors. The first is the relational norm of cooperation, which includes the partners' expectations of working together, helping each other, and achieving common goals. The second is the importer role performance, which evaluates how well the importer meets his obligations. Our results suggest that innovation originating from collaborations has a positive impact on export performance. The commercial success of the importer has a stronger positive influence on the co-development of innovations than cooperation
Didierlaurent, Sylvie. "L'influence des politiques de ressources humaines et de la structure organisationnelle sur l'activite innovatrice des industries de moyenne dimension." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997VERS1005.
Full textBissiriou, Mouazinou. "Contribution à la connaissance des comportements des banques et des sociétés de capital-risque face aux besoins financiers et attentes des P. M. E. Innovatrices en France et en RFA." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR10022.
Full textThe purpose of this research is to study the behaviour of banks and venture capital societies in financing technological innovation in small and medium sized firms, especially in France and West Germany on the basis of two hypothesis: - the first one is relative to the existing of specified financial needs of small societies, - the second concern the appropriated answers of banks and venture capital societies to these needs. The verify each of those two hypothesis, we used two methods: - the existing litterature review, - the statistical analysis of the inquiry data provided by the three categories of agents : small and medium sized innovative firms, banks and venture capital societies
Glaisner, Johan. "Dynamiques d'innovation dans les PME moyenne et basse technologie : exploration par le locus de contrôle des dirigeants et la capacité d'expérimentation." Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1G020.
Full textThis research focus on the LMT SMEs. We developed a heuristic framework linking the manager’s locus of control, experimentation capacity and company performance. A survey conducted on West of France industrial SMEs returned 98 exploitable questionnaires. The analysis of the data allowed the construction of two typologies. The first one, founded on the locus of control highlighted three groups of individuals: the externals, the unspecified and the internals. The identification of an intermediary class, the unspecified, is an important contribution. The unspecified profile is not closely associated with variables describing the capacity for experimentation and performance. This highlights that only the individuals with a strong determined locus of control affect (positively for internals and negatively for externals) experimentation capacity and company performance. The second typology founded on the experimentation capacity also reveals three groups : the isolated, the relational actors and the experimenters. No significant association exists between the isolated group, who do not experiment and the organisation’s performance. The relational actors develop collaborative activities but in the absence of an internal development dynamic of competences, the results are judged as being not as good as those of competitors. The experimenters associate collaborative work, the development of competences and the in-house formalisation of knowledge. They obtain greater technological specificity. The acknowledgement of an association between profiles suggests that the experimentation capacity plays a mediatory role between the locus of control and the performance of SMEs
Le, Thi Kim Son. "Innovation strategy in developing countries : The case of Vietnamese Small and Medium enterprises." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU10070.
Full textIn many respects, the strategic management of innovation seems to have accumulated through a series of layers. However, the theoretical and inferential analyses, which serve as foundations to this knowledge, have mainly been developed from the perspective of western countries. As such, this situation questions on the generalization and, perhaps even more, the completeness of the body of knowledge developed so far. In this thesis, we therefore propose to explore and enrich the vision of innovation management by adopting lenses from the developing countries, particularly in Vietnam. A central tenet in this approach is that if innovation patterns are not strictly identical in developing countries, the application of classical theories should not be taken-for-granted and, reciprocally, new considerations could emerge. This idea has been declined into three essays which structure our thesis, all of those are developed in Vietnamese context. First, we undertake a replication study to adapt and develop a structural model of innovation to Vietnamese firms. Doing so, we underscore the issues associated to description and measurement of innovation efforts in developing countries which could not be translated directly from existing works. Second, we propose a theoretical and empirical development for the so-called “bricolage” phenomenon, known as the process whereby firms innovate from little or nothing. We put forward to explore the antecedents of bricolage through a set of hypotheses which are eventually tested. Third, we shed light on the causes of bribery in innovation strategies. While bribery is statistically associated with innovation, management scholars remained surprisingly discreet on this phenomenon. In our case, we develop and test a theoretical framework involving social ties to understand how innovation can actually lead to corruption behaviours. By achieving those three essays, we therefore contribute to the development of innovation management on a wider basis
Retourna, Christophe. "Analyse de cas concrets d'innovations dans les PME-PMI : problématiques et discussions." Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX30095.
Full textBarelli-Léonardelli, Aline. "Les P. M. E/P. M. I de la région Nord-Pas-De-Calais : Perspectices de pérennisation par des stratégies de développement et de communication." Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL12024.
Full textVelmuradova, Maya. "Communication pour le développement et l'intégration sociale des nouveaux dispositifs : le rôle de la valeur perçue d'usage. : étude de cas dans l'appui à des Petites et moyennes entreprises au Turkménistan." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM5906/document.
Full textNumber of researchers call to reconsider communication for development and social change, as a problem of techniques and society. Thus, the models of social integration of innovations are used here to study how the new development support components are accepted and appropriated by their users in developing countries, notably in Central Asia (Turkmenistan). There is no need to prove anymore that users’ reception and appropriation is critical to the development programs effectiveness. Hence, we synthesize the Anglo-Saxon and French models and distinguish the common determinant axes for the innovation reception: before its actual use (acceptance models) and after it (cognitive appropriation models). It appears to be the mental construction of the meaning of use: the user mobilizes his representations « already there » and his imaginary to assess the associated functional and symbolic benefits-costs, the anticipated and perceived use experience. In the literature, this mental construction process appears as the formation of the Perceived Value of Use (Jouet; Mallein, Toussaint and coll.; Boenisch; Assude et al.; Nelson; Kim et al.). However, it would be necessary to further investigate this process. We explore this concept in detail in our qualitative multi-site case study, conducted within one of the SME support components in Turkmenistan. As result, we model the role of the Perceived Value of Use for the acceptance and the appropriation of the new services of social utility, as well as its mental formation on the organisational users’ side
Benallou, Khadidja. "Le rôle de la formation professionnelle et de l’apprentissage face au paradigme de l’économie fondée sur la connaissance." Caen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CAEN0503.
Full textIn the context of an economy based on knowledge, this thesis has a dual objective. Taking a microeconomic approach, the first axis wants to explain the effects of training on corporate productivity. The second axis of this research tries to broaden the sources of productivity and proposes to analyze the links between organizational change, technological change and productivity. A very thorough literature review led us to a meticulous theoretical analysis. We initially analyzed the development of vocational training and learning according to the theories on human capital and to the regulatory changes prompting companies to invest in training their employees. Then, we consider empirical analyzes characterized by statistical tests and econometric models. The first is of a triangular recursive nature, checking the link between training, innovation and productivity of SMEs. The second is more interactive as it studies bilateral interaction between organizational change and technological change and the impact of these changes on the productivity of SMEs. Our results show that training does not have a direct effect on corporate productivity, but rather an indirect impact through innovation. The contribution of our research is in considering training as an innovation input without using the classical link between investment in human capital and productivity. With this approach, we see employee training not only as a mean of increasing knowledge but also as a source of knowledge creation (innovation in products, innovation in processes). Corporate productivity is also influenced by other sources of knowledge. Organizational changes are partly responsible for the performances of SMEs. More precisely, it is the intensity of implementation of organizational innovations that bears a significant and positive impact on working productivity. Our conclusion is that training activities alone have no direct effect on productivity unless they associate with new organizational practices
Dutot, Vincent. "Alignement des capacités TI sur les besoins en information et performance des PME internationales." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28006/28006.pdf.
Full textPierre, Antoine. "L'évaluation de la capacité d'innovation des PME : une perspective par les spécificités des PME." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTD041.
Full textThe thesis deals with the assessment of SMEs innovation capacity, when they integrate innovation in their desire for growth. The objective is to understand the factors that can explain the positive link between SMEs innovation and performance. This complex relationship is based on multiple factors relating to the production and valorization of innovation. We focused our attention on innovation management SMEs innovation capacity assessmen.The aim is to understand how innovation management, through evaluation, can foster SMEs innovation performance and, consequently, SMEs performance. To address these issues, we explore, both theoretically and empirically, the factors that make up the SMEs innovation capacity to explain SMEs innovation performance. Exploration takes into account SMEs spécificities, in line with literature. We focus ont the influence of SMEs specificities on innovation capacity and its assessment.The thesis results rovide several new elements of knowledge. First, we propose a conceptual and operational definition of SMEs innovation capacity. It is built around the static and dynamic dimension of the innovation capacity. This definition improves the understanding of mechanisms facilitating the production and valorization of innovation within SMEs.The results then higlights the link between certain SMS innovation capacity dimensions and SMEs innovation performance. We participate to the debate discussing the interest of innovation management for SMEs. We show that the innovation activity can be carried out around several dimensions of innovation capacity. These dimensions of innovation capacity have a positive or negative impact,on SMEs innovation performance. The impact is directly related to the ability of SMEs to effectively manage and mobilize these dimensions of innovation capacity according to their own context. It is also linked to the SME's capacity to ensure the dynamism of its innovation capacity. The dynamism is assured regarding the evolutions of the SME itself and its environment to ensure the maintenance of SMEs innovation capacity. The management of innovation and the evaluation of the innovation capacity of SMEs are, therefore, beneficial for SMEs. They enable SMEs to optimize their innovation process and ensure their evolution. We extend the work on innovation management and innovation management in SMEs.The thesis proposes, finally, an analysis of SMEs specificities. SMEs specificities have an influence on innovation capcity and innovation performance. However, the analysis of the positive or negative effect of SMEs specificities on innovation needs to be nuanced. SMEs specificities and their influence on innovation capacity depend on the particular context of the company. The unique case mobilized illustrates this result. Therefore, the contingency approach is recommended for the analysis of innovation in SMEs
Gilabert, Patrick. "Proposition de cadre méthodologique pour le renforcement de la compétitivité des entreprises dans les pays émergents. Le Centre de Compétitivité et d'Intelligence Economique (CCIE) pour Madagascar." Aix-Marseille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX30016.
Full textMadagascar is a country where the human richness is important and its economic potential, even by taking account of the problems of the past, authorizes it now to migrate to a statute of LDC. From this point of view, it is necessary to focus the support of the State, of the institutions of research and teaching as well as the industry in a point which will make it possible to create the synergy necessary between these actors. It is in this sense that it is proposed a methodological framework which will take account of local peculiarities, to carry out a Center of Competitiveness and intelligence Economique (CCIE) in Madagascar. Various orientations which seem a priority are analyzed in the work which is presented and at the same time the detection of the laboratories (analyzes, tests, possibly research) which will contribute to these orientations. For that it will be necessary to set up a priority a program of levelling of local industries and to insist more particularly on standardization and quality. This total program will be implemented with the support of the State and the International Organizations by the Steering committee of the CCIE
Bleuel, Petra. "Suffit-il de s’inspirer du "modèle allemand" pour augmenter la performance des PME françaises ?" Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR0038/document.
Full textFrench and German SME belong to a category of firms which stand out from an important heterogeneity. Due to the wide variety of companies which compose the category of SMES, an overall theoretical framework hasn’t been defined. These firms are not only distinguished from large companies by their small size but also by their greater flexibility and reactivity, their proximity to their customers and close localized links with suppliers etc. Additionally, there is also a difference between SMEs according to their home country. Several reports have highlighted the difference of French SMEs and those of the German Mittelstand. The latter would be larger in size, more innovative and more active internationally than their French counterparts. These reports also show that France could have superior performance in terms of growth, employment, competitiveness and international activities if we could generate a French Mittelstand supporting SMEs through targeted measures. Contrary to the idea we have of the German Mittelstand, it does not boil down to a category of companies identifiable by their size, but rather to a concept based on an entrepreneurial culture favored by the German ecosystem. Our analysis focuses first on these companies constituting the Mittelstand to highlight their characteristics and their differences compared to French SMEs.In a second step, our study focuses on the support that SMEs in both countries benefit and to what extent one could draw inspiration from the German support or model to increase the performance of French SMEs
Französische und deutsche KMU sind Teil eines Kontingents von Unternehmen, die sich durch eine große Heterogenität auszeichnen. Die Heterogenität der Unternehmen, aus denen die KMU-Kategorie besteht, ist der Hauptgrund, warum ein einziger theoretischer Rahmen, der sie betrifft, nicht definiert werden konnte. KMU unterscheiden sich von größeren Unternehmen nicht nur durch ihre geringere Größe, sondern auch durch ihre größere Flexibilität, ihre Reaktionsfähigkeit, ihre Nähe zu ihren Kunden und enge lokale Verbindungen zu ihren Lieferanten usw. Darüber hinaus stellt man Unterschiede unter KMU fest, die aus verschieden Herkunftsländern kommen. In mehreren Berichten wurde der Unterschied zwischen französischen und deutschen KMU hervorgehoben. Die letzteren seien größer, innovativer und aktiver als die französischen alter ego. Dieselben Berichte zeigen, dass Frankreich bessere Ergebnisse in Bezug auf Wachstum, Beschäftigung, Wettbewerbsfähigkeit und internationale Aktivitäten erzielen könnte, wenn es möglich wäre einen französischen Mittelstand hervorzubringen. Der deutsche Mittelstand ist nicht nur eine durch ihre Größe identifizierbare Kategorie von Unternehmen, sondern ein Konzept, das auf einer vom deutschen Ökosystem begünstigten Unternehmenskultur basiert. Unsere Analyse konzentriert sich zunächst auf die Merkmale, die französische KMU von denen des Mittelstands unterscheiden. Zweitens konzentriert sich unsere Studie auf die öffentliche Unterstützung, von der französische und deutsche KMU profitieren, und inwieweit man sich von der deutschen öffentlichen Unterstützung inspirieren lassen kann, um die Leistungsfähigkeit französischer KMU zu steigern
Lopez, Rizzo Humberto Cesar. "La place des PME dans les exportations, la croissance, l'emploi et l'innovation : une approche empirique et comparative." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010083.
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