Academic literature on the topic 'Pet Food Safety'
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Journal articles on the topic "Pet Food Safety"
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Chandler, Marjorie L. "Pet Food Safety: Sodium in Pet Foods." Topics in Companion Animal Medicine 23, no. 3 (August 2008): 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.tcam.2008.04.008.
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Laflamme, D. P. "Pet Food Safety: Dietary Protein." Topics in Companion Animal Medicine 23, no. 3 (August 2008): 154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.tcam.2008.04.009.
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Edwards, David, and Charlotte Conway. "334 Pet food safety: truth in labeling." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (November 3, 2020): 63–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.115.
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Abstract In the United States, substances intended for use in animal foods are generally considered to be either animal foods or animal drugs. The regulatory classification of a substance relies on its intended use. Claims for substances that are regulated as animal foods are limited to those that can be attributed to the substance’s “food” properties, which the courts in the United States have defined as being related to the provision of nutritive value, taste, or aroma or for a technical effect on the food itself. Any substance intentionally added to an animal food must be either an approved food additive as listed in part 573 in Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations (21 CFR 573) or a substance that is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for an intended use, including those listed in 21 CFR 582 and 584. Also, in coordination with state feed control officials, CVM recognizes ingredients in the Official Publication of the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) as being acceptable for use in animal foods. Everything on a pet food label must be truthful, not misleading, and appropriate for a product regulated as food. Federal regulations (21 CFR 501) require that labels include: an appropriate product name, all ingredients in descending order of predominance by weight, a statement of net quantity of contents, and the address of manufacturer or distributor. Most states have additional labeling requirements. Studies conducted for scientific research need to be evaluated to determine if the endpoints and parameters measured are also appropriate as regulatory data. Feeding studies may address target animal safety and/or utility of the substance for its intended use as a food. CVM will provide written feedback on protocols intended to address new feed ingredients.
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Buchanan, Robert L., Robert C. Baker, Adrian J. Charlton, Jim E. Riviere, and Robert Standaert. "Pet food safety: a shared concern." British Journal of Nutrition 106, S1 (October 12, 2011): S78—S84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114511005034.
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The safety of the food supply is a subject of intense interest to consumers, particularly as a result of large-scale outbreaks that involve hundreds and sometimes thousands of consumers. During the last decade, this concern about food safety has expanded to include the diets of companion animals as a result of several incidences of chemical toxicities and infectious disease transmission. This has led to increased research into the causes and controls for these hazards for both companion animals and their owners. The following summary provides an introduction to the issues, challenges and new tools being developed to ensure that commercial pet foods are both nutritious and safe.
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THOMAS, MERLYN, and YAOHUA FENG. "Risk of Foodborne Illness from Pet Food: Assessing Pet Owners' Knowledge, Behavior, and Risk Perception." Journal of Food Protection 83, no. 11 (July 1, 2020): 1998–2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/jfp-20-108.
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ABSTRACT Pet food has been identified as a source of pathogenic bacteria, including Salmonella and Escherichia coli. A recent outbreak linked to Salmonella-contaminated pet treats infected >150 people in the United States. The mechanism by which contaminated pet food leads to human illness has not been explicated, and pet owners' food safety knowledge and their pet food handling practices have not been reported. This study was conducted to evaluate pet owners' food safety knowledge and pet food handling practices through an online consumer survey. The survey consisted of 62 questions and assessed (i) owners' food safety knowledge and pet food handling practices; (ii) owners' interaction with pets; and (iii) owners' risk perception related to their own health, their children's health, and their pets' health. The survey was pilot tested among 59 pet owners before distribution to a national consumer panel managed by Qualtrics XM (Provo, UT). All participants (n = 1,040) were dog and/or cat owners in the United States. Almost all pet owners (93%) interacted with their pets, and most cuddled, allowed their pets to lick them, and slept with their pets. Less than one-third of pet owners washed their hands with soap after interacting with their pets. Over half (58%) of the owners reported washing their hands after feeding their pets. Most pet owners fed their pets dry pet food and dry pet treats. Some fed their pets raw meat or raw animal product diets because they believed these diets to be beneficial to the pet's overall health. Many owners (78%) were unaware of pet food recalls or outbreaks associated with foodborne pathogens. Less than 25% considered dry pet foods and treats as a potential source of foodborne pathogens. Pet owners were more concerned when seeing news about pets becoming ill from pet food and less concerned when seeing news about people becoming ill from pet food. The findings of this study indicated the need for consumer education about handling pet food. These results can help researchers develop more accurate risk assessment models and consumer education messages related to pet food handling. HIGHLIGHTS
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BULOCHOVA, VERONIKA, and ELLEN W. EVANS. "Exploring Food Safety Perceptions and Self-Reported Practices of Pet Owners Providing Raw Meat–Based Diets to Pets." Journal of Food Protection 84, no. 5 (January 11, 2021): 912–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/jfp-20-338.
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ABSTRACT The growing popularity of raw meat–based diets for pets is accompanied by increasing concern regarding possible health implications of this practice for pet owners through the storage and preparation of raw meat. This study aimed to explore pet owners' knowledge and perceptions about the safety of raw meat–based feeding and to determine self-reported food safety practices during raw meat–based pet food preparation. An online questionnaire was distributed via social media platforms and completed by pet owners practicing raw meat–based feeding (n = 174). Almost all participants (95%) reported confidence that their pets' raw meat–based food is safe. Two-thirds of respondents (67%) reported that they had researched food safety information regarding raw meat–based feeding, yet only 8% asked a veterinarian for food safety advice. Respondents were aware of pathogens that may be present in raw meat–based diets and of food safety practices; however, they did not report consistent implementation of appropriate food safety practices. Malpractices, such as rinsing of raw meat (27%) and absence of segregation of utensils and kitchen surfaces (52%), were reported. The risk to pet owners of foodborne illness associated with raw meat–based feeding was perceived to be low by 89% of pet owners. Participants perceived low susceptibility to foodborne illness but high self-efficacy, which may be an indication of optimistic bias. This study has identified a need to increase pet owners' awareness of the possible risks to human health associated with raw meat–based feeding of animals. The provision of comprehensive food safety information, intended to target the perceptions of pet owners identified in this study, is needed to improve pet owners' food safety practices and thus to reduce the potential food safety risks associated with raw meat preparation and storage in the domestic environment. HIGHLIGHTS
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MA, JING, BARBARA A. ALMANZA, LI GE, EUNSOL HER, YIRAN LIU, AMY LANDO, FANFAN WU, and LINDA VERRILL. "Pet Ownership and Pet Type Influence Food Safety in the Home: Evidence from a National Survey." Journal of Food Protection 83, no. 9 (April 27, 2020): 1553–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/jfp-20-057.
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ABSTRACT Physical contact between humans and their pets increases the potential for zoonotic disease transmission. This study used the 2016 U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Food Safety Survey to compare the food handling behaviors of pet owners and non–pet owners, because poor food handling and hygiene habits can increase the likelihood of disease transmission from animals to humans. Results show that both pet ownership and pet type were important in predicting food safety behaviors. After controlling for sociodemographic factors included in this study (gender, age, household income, household size, and race or ethnicity), pet ownership was significantly associated with overall food safety practices and, more specifically, with better hand washing behaviors, kitchen cleaning, and ownership and use of a food thermometer, as well as a greater awareness of foodborne pathogens. Cat owners and cat-dog owners had better overall food safety practices and better hand washing behaviors compared with those of dog owners. After controlling for sociodemographic variables, there were no significant associations between pet ownership and perception of risks associated with unsafe food handling practices. HIGHLIGHTS
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Schmidt, D. L., and C. K. Jones. "494 Food Safety Compliance Readiness of Kansas Pet Food Manufacturers." Journal of Animal Science 96, suppl_2 (April 2018): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/sky073.491.
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Franz, Roland, and Frank Welle. "Contamination Levels in Recollected PET Bottles from Non-Food Applications and their Impact on the Safety of Recycled PET for Food Contact." Molecules 25, no. 21 (October 28, 2020): 4998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25214998.
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PET beverage bottles have been recycled and safely reprocessed into new food contact packaging applications for over two decades. During recollection of post-consumer PET beverage bottles, PET containers from non-food products are inevitably co-collected and thereby enter the PET recycling feed stream. To explore the impact of this mixing on the safety-in-use of recycled PET (rPET) bottles, we determined the concentrations of post-consumer substances in PET containers used for a range of non-food product applications taken from the market. Based on the chemical nature and amounts of these post-consumer substances, we evaluated their potential carry-over into beverages filled in rPET bottles starting from different fractions of non-food PET in the recollection systems and taking worst-case cleaning efficiencies of super-clean recycling processes into account. On the basis of the Threshold of Toxicological Concern (TTC) concept and Cramer classification tools, we present a risk assessment for potential exposure of the consumer to the identified contaminants as well as unidentified, potentially genotoxic substances in beverages. As a result, a fraction of 5% non-food PET in the recycling feed stream, which is very likely to occur in the usual recollection systems, does not pose any risk to the consumer. Our data show that fractions of up to 20%, which may sporadically be contained in certain, local recollection systems, would also not raise a safety concern.
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TANAKA, Seiya. "Enforcement of “Pet Food Safety Law” in Japan." Journal of Veterinary Epidemiology 13, no. 1 (2009): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2743/jve.13.60.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Pet Food Safety"
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Zhou, Tiya. "Residence time and survival studies for Enterococcus faecium as a surrogate for Salmonella during preconditioning and extrusion processing of dry expanded pet food." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/32905.
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Master of ScienceFood Science
Sajid Alavi
Validation studies on process equipment are an important step for effective pathogenic control during dry expanded pet food manufacturing. The preconditioner is used to hydrate, mix and pre-cook raw materials before extrusion of pet food. The High-Intensity-Preconditioner (HIP) was designed with two independently driven shafts, thus offering control of both shaft speed and rotational direction with potential for improving residence time and thus pathogen inactivation. Residence time distribution (RTD) of raw dog food mix was impacted by the HIP process parameters (average residence time varying between 104-178 s for dry experiment and 65-177 s with steam addition) depending on shaft speed and direction. In general, increase in shaft speed resulted in shorter residence time with the larger shaft having a greater impact than the smaller shaft. Rotational direction of shafts also had an effect on average residence time (a maximum difference of 37 s was noticed between treatments with different shaft directions and the same speed). The uniformity of residence time distribution (difference of 97-132 s between 15 and 85 percentiles of the cumulative RTD) also varied considerably with process conditions, with uniformity increasing with shaft speed. Enterococcus faecium (ATCC® 8459™) was chosen as a surrogate for Salmonella for microbial inactivation studies on the HIP. Both HIP shaft speed (200 and 300 rpm) and process temperature (67-70°C and 89-91°C) impacted E.faecium survival. Lower shaft speed (corresponding to longer residence time) or higher temperature led to greater E.faecium inactivation. A 5 log CFU/g of E.faecium was reduced using selective agar (m-Enterococcus or mE agar) after treatment with high temperature, but approximately 3.5 log CFU/g of E.faecium reduced on non-selective agar (Brain Heart Infusion or BHI agar). Uneven heat distribution, inadequate residence time and system instability might have negatively affected the inactivation. Microbial inactivation, with E.faecium as surrogate, was also studied for the complete dry expanded pet food process using a pilot-scale single-screw extruder with a regular double shaft preconditioner. Meal was inoculated with E.faecium at 6 log CFU/g and processed. Preconditioner downspout temperature ranged from 89-94°C and extrusion die temperature was between 120-140°C. Complete inactivation was observed after extrusion.
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Leon, Gómez Gabriela, Zegarra Speedy Jason Gomez, Arellano Kiara Yolanda Gutierrez, Grados Laura Viviana Olaya, and Huyhua Ricardo Augusto Toralba. "Pet Safe." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653907.
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El presente trabajo plantea la puesta en marcha de un negocio innovador, para ello, se ha considerado los factores externos e internos que podrían repercutir en el desarrollo del mismo. Asimismo, se ha evaluado el contexto actual y se ha elaborado el respectivo estudio que sustenta la viabilidad del proyecto.
Hoy en día las personas se preocupan más por la seguridad de sus mascotas, existe una tendencia petfriendly que ha llevado a la sociedad a incrementar el consumo de alimentos balanceados, gastos en veterinarias y spas caninos.
Considerando que no existe en la actualidad un negocio similar al planteado, los alumnos autores del presente trabajo han considerado que la creación de un seguro para mascotas en el Perú sería altamente rentable.
Para sustentar la idea expuesta, se ha tomado en consideración todos los aspectos concernientes a la creación de la persona jurídica, los objetivos estratégicos, políticas internas y externas, análisis financieros y la rentabilidad del proyecto.
Después de analizar los aspectos antes mencionados, y de considerar todos los aspectos que puedan influir en su desarrollo, se llega a la conclusión de que el negocio es viable.This work proposes the start-up of an innovative business, for this, the external and internal factors that could have an impact on its development have been considered. Likewise, the current context has been evaluated and the respective study that supports the viability of the project has been prepared. Nowadays people care more about the safety of their pets, there is a petfriendly trend that has led society to increase consumption of feed, veterinary expenses and canine spas. Considering that there is currently no business similar to that proposed, the student authors of the present work have considered that the creation of pet insurance in Peru would be highly profitable. To support the idea presented, all aspects concerning the creation of the legal entity, strategic objectives, internal and external policies, financial analysis and the profitability of the project have been taken into consideration. After analyzing the aforementioned aspects, and considering all aspects that may influence its development, it is concluded that the business is viable.
Trabajo de investigación
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Martel, Bernuy Gianella Darlen, Niquen Dario Massa, Chávez Fiorella Francesca Olcese, and Vizarreta Alison Gloria Ramirez. "Safe Pet." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655746.
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Este trabajo de investigación nace por el amor a nuestras mascotas, el querer darles una mejor calidad de vida y la necesidad que tenemos los dueños de mascotas de tener una atención inmediata y de calidad para nuestros amigos peludos cuando pase alguna emergencia. De esa necesidad es que nace el seguro para mascotas SAFE PET, que ofrece un paquete estándar que incluyan varios beneficios y coberturas para las mascotas afiliadas.
La principal fuente de ingreso de SAFE PET será la venta de nuestras pólizas, nuestra inversión inicial será de s/ 124,890 que la financiaremos el 60% los 4 socios de la empresa y 40% con un préstamo a una entidad financiera.
Por las investigaciones que realizamos mediante encuestas a dueños de mascotas, estos en su mayoría nos manifestaba el querer tener un seguro para su mascota, y luego gracias nuestra landing page pudimos observar que del 100% de visitas a nuestra landing el 54.6% dejó sus datos porque le interesa nuestro seguro, este porcentaje es mucho mayor al que esperábamos y eso nos alienta mucho más a ser uno de los primero en el país en dedicarnos exclusivamente en seguro integral de mascotas.
Finalmente, luego del estudio financiero realizado a nuestra empresa hemos considerado en el análisis de sensibilidad COK (89.71%) y un costo promedio ponderado de capital de WACC (74.53%), para terminar después de todo nuestro plan financiero podemos concluir que SAFE PET, es una empresa viable económicamente.This research was born for our love to pets and we want to give them a better life quality and the need that pet owners to have immediate and quality care for our furry friends when an emergency happens. From that need is born SAFE PET, that is a pet insurance, which offers a standard package that includes many benefits and coverages for affiliated pets. The main source of income for SAFE PET will be the sale of our policies, our initial investment will be S/ 124,890 which will be financed by 60% the 4 partners of the company and 40% with a loan to a financial institution. Due to the research we conducted through surveys of pet owners, most of them told us that they wanted to have insurance for their pet, and then thanks to our landing page we could observe that of 100% of visits to our landing, 54.6% left their data Because you are interested in our insurance, that percentage is much higher than we expected and that encourages us much more to be one of the first in the country to dedicate ourselves exclusively to comprehensive pet insurance. Finally, after the financial study carried out on our company, we have considered in the sensitivity analysis COK (89.71%) and a weighted average cost of capital of WACC (74.53%), to finish after all our financial plan we can conclude that SAFE PET, it is an economically viable company.
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Frey, Debra L. "Child mortality: the impacts of food safety and tertiary education." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/8773.
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Master of AgribusinessDepartment of Agricultural Economics
John A. Fox
Child mortality is defined as the death of children under five years old. Worldwide, child mortality was about 8.1 million in 2009, of which over fifty percent is related to diarrhea, pneumonia and malaria. Food and water borne pathogens are an important cause of deaths related to diarrhea and pneumonia. Illiterate or semi-literate populations are often slow to adopt food and water safety standards. Practices such as washing of food in sewage water, which would repulse most westerners might be considered normal in some parts of the world. Understanding some of the basic science underlying food safety standards is important for the farm worker in California, the villager in Africa and the child in Afghanistan. Ultimately, food safety practices in production can affect the consumer of agricultural products no matter where they are in the world, and inadequate food safety standards can affect the producer as a result of diminished consumer confidence in their product, or lack of access to export markets. In the instance of food contamination, young children and the elderly are typically most at risk. Perhaps the most sobering consequence of inadequate food safety standards is child mortality. This thesis uses a regression model to investigate determinants of the level of child mortality. We find that income distribution and levels of tertiary education, particularly for females, are significantly correlated with child mortality rates. Estimates suggest that a one percent increase in tertiary education in the female workforce is associated with a reduction of almost seven percent in the child mortality rate in countries where the rate of female tertiary education is below fifteen percent.
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Lasagni, Gian Marco. "La Food Defense come requisito per l'export dei prodotti alimentari negli USA: applicazione del Food Safety Modernization Act in aziende alimentari del territorio italiano." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
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La Food Defense viene definita come l'insieme di azioni messe in atto da una organizzazione pubblica o privata per prevenire, eliminare o ridurre ad un livello accettabile il rischio derivante da una adulterazione volontaria di un prodotto alimentare. L'implementazione da parte delle aziende del Food Defense Plan, volto a scongiurare sabotaggi a livello delle fasi di processo produttivo, è diventato un requisito obbligatorio per poter esportare i prodotti alimentari in U.S.A in seguito all'istituzione del Food Safety Modernization Act. Tale cogenza deriva da un crescente numero di attacchi perpetuati a livello della Food Supply Chain nella storia recente, con un associato notevole aumento del rischio per la salute pubblica. L'implementazione di un Food Defense Plan prevede la conduzione di una analisi del rischio, la Vulnerability Assessment, al fine di identificare le fasi di processo produttivo più suscettibili ad atti di adulterazione volontaria, seguita dall'implementazione di Mitigation Strategies volte a prevenire, eliminare o ridurre ad un livello accettabile tale rischio. Il Food Defense Plan viene completato dalle misure di monitoraggio, dalle azioni correttive, dalle registrazioni, dalle verifiche e dal riesame della direzione che vengono effettuati al fine di garantire il corretto funzionamento dell'intero sistema di gestione. L'istituzione di misure di Food Defense a livello dello stabilimento produttivo vengono altresì richieste anche a livello dei principali standard di certificazione europei per la sicurezza alimentare, quali BRCGS e FSSC 22000.
Parte di questo elaborato di tesi è stata centrata sull'implementazione di Food Defense Plan in aziende del territorio italiano, prese come casi studio, secondo l'approccio metodologico richiesto dal Food Safety Modernization Act.
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Protti, Valentina. "Modelli predittivi per l’analisi e la gestione della “catena del freddo”." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
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Il lavoro di tesi si concentra sullo studio e la realizzazione di possibili modelli predittivi che abbiano come fine ultimo il miglioramento dell'efficienza in un settore particolarmente delicato come quello della cold chain ("catena del freddo").
Il progetto è stato sviluppato nell'ambito di un tirocinio presso Wenda Srl, startup del bolognese che si occupa di visibilità, tracciabilità e sicurezza nel settore food-tech in collaborazione con partner italiani e mondiali, player dei diversi passaggi della catena distributiva di cibo e bevande.
Il lavoro presentato è stato sviluppato secondo il modello CRISP-DM, tipico dei progetti di Data Science, che prevede le seguenti sei fasi, opportunamente approfondite: Business Understanding, Data Understanding, Data Preparation, Modeling, Evaluation, Deployment.
I modelli predittivi realizzati rappresentano, a questo stadio, dei casi di studio a livello esplorativo rispetto al potenziale dei dati collezionati. Benché non si sia affrontata la fase di deployment degli stessi, per ragioni che saranno illustrate all'interno dell'elaborato, i modelli sono predisposti per una successiva implementazione come prodotti accessori offerti da Wenda ai
propri clienti.
Infine, è presente una disamina sulle eventuali evoluzioni e gli spunti inesplorati che l'elaborazione dei dati ha messo in evidenza, potenziali sviluppi interessanti da perseguire sia in collegamento con i modelli prodotti che nell'ambito di progetti separati.
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Rodríguez, Manzano Jesús. "Detección y caracterización de virus patógenos emergentes de interés general en seguridad alimentaria / Detection and characterization of emerging viral pathogens of general interest in food safety." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/83324.
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El principal objetivo de esta tesis doctoral consiste en el estudio de virus patógenos emergentes de interés en seguridad alimentaria, mediante la evaluación de su prevalencia y diseminación ambiental, y la caracterización del riesgo asociado a la presencia de virus patógenos en la reutilización de agua residual y en el consumo de moluscos bivalvos. Para ello se ha estudiado la presencia del virus de la hepatitis E (HEV), hepatitis A (HAV), norovirus (NoV), nuevos poliomavirus (KIPyV, WUPyV y MCPyV) y adenovirus humanos (HAdV), como indicador de la contaminación fecal. Las muestras analizadas han sido agua residual cruda, agua regenerada, agua de río y moluscos bivalvos, caracterizando así las principales fuentes de contaminación fecal ambiental y alimentaria, y constatando el riesgo microbiológico asociado al consumo de marisco. Además, se ha tratado de mejorar la metodología disponible para la concentración de partículas víricas en agua residual, así como aportar información acerca de la eficiencia de eliminación de patógenos humanos a través de tratamientos de depuración en estaciones depuradoras de agua residual y en empresas productoras de marisco. Por último, se decidió profundizar en el ámbito de los análisis cuantitativos de riesgo microbiológico, estableciendo un modelo matemático para evaluar el riesgo de infección y enfermedad asociado al consumo de moluscos bivalvos contaminados por NoV. De esta manera, el trabajo se ha dividido en siete estudios comprendidos en cinco capítulos, obteniendo las conclusiones que se describen a continuación. La prevalencia de HEV en muestras de agua residual se ha establecido en un 30%, demostrando que HEV está circulando entre la población española y que el agua residual representa un foco de infección para este patógeno. Además, la presencia esporádica del genotipo 1 de HEV reafirma la hipótesis de la amplia distribución de los diferentes genotipos descritos. En cuanto al patrón de excreción de HAV, no se observan diferencias significativas al comparar las aguas residuales de dos áreas geográficas limítrofes dónde existen planes de vacunación distintos y niveles de saneamiento equivalentes, así se presume que la reducción drástica observada durante la última década no se debe exclusivamente a la aplicación de un programa de vacunación de amplia cobertura sino a la implementación de tratamientos de agua residual y estaciones depuradoras, así como a las mejoras en sanidad. Nuevos poliomavirus han sido detectados en agua residual, y MCPyV también en agua de río, indicando que pueden ser diseminados a través de contaminación por heces/orina de agua y potencialmente transmitidos por la ruta fecal-oral. Este trabajo representa la primera descripción de virus en agua residual y de río asociado con cáncer. Por otro lado, las estaciones depuradoras de agua residual estudiadas aquí reducen significativamente la presencia de indicadores de la contaminación fecal de elevada resistencia (HAdV, Cryptosporidium y Giardia). Tres nuevos métodos para concentrar partículas víricas en agua residual mediante diferentes aproximaciones técnicas (ultrafiltración, floculación orgánica y liofilización) se han desarrollado aquí. Así mismo, se ha reafirmando la presencia de patógenos víricos en muestras que cumplen las normativas europeas vigentes mediante la detección de NoV GGII y HAV en muestras de moluscos bivalvos de mercado y muestras vinculadas a un brote de hepatitis A, respectivamente. La eficiencia de tres tratamientos de depuración de moluscos bivalvos (UV, venturi y Ozono-UV), utilizando a HAdV como indicador de la contaminación fecal, esta limitada a la hora de reducir la presencia de partículas víricas. Además, se ha descrito una correlación significativa entre la identificación de muestras de moluscos bivalvos positivos para HAdV y para NoV GGII, mostrándose valores elevados de sensibilidad (100%) y especificidad (74%). Por ultimo, utilizando modelos de dosis-respuesta se ha modelizado matemáticamente el riesgo de infección y enfermedad por NoV asociado al consumo de ostras crudas. Los resultados muestran elevadas probabilidades de infección (8–54%) y enfermedad (1–36%) en función del número de ostras ingeridas (1–20).The main objectives of this thesis are the study of emerging viral pathogens of interest in food safety, by assessing their prevalence and environmental dissemination, and the characterization of the microbiological risk associated with the presence of pathogenic viruses in sewage reuse and consumption of bivalve molluscs. Thus, we studied the presence of hepatitis E virus (HEV), hepatitis A (HAV), norovirus (NoV), new polyomaviruses (KIPyV, WUPyV and MCPyV) and human adenovirus (HAdV) as an indicator of fecal contamination. The samples analyzed were raw sewage, reclaimed water (secondary and tertiary), river water and bivalve molluscs. Furthermore, it has sought to improve the methodology for concentration of viral particles from sewage, as well as provide information about the viral removal efficiency through sewage depuration treatments and shellfish production companies. Finally, a mathematical model has been established for a quantitative microbial risk assessment. Thus, the conclusions of these studies are described below. The HEV prevalence observed in sewage demonstrate that HEV is circulating among the Spanish population and that sewage is a source of infection. Moreover, the sporadic presence of HEV genotype 1 confirms the wide distribution of different genotypes. Regarding the pattern of HAV excretion, no significant differences emerged when comparing sewage from two adjacent areas with different vaccination programs and equivalent levels of sanitation; hence, it is presumed that the drastic reduction observed during lately is mainly due to improvements in healthcare. New polyomaviruses have been detected in sewage and river water, indicating their potential involvement in the fecal-oral route through contaminated water and representing the first description of cancer-associated virus in sewage and river. On the other hand, sewage treatment plants significantly reduce the presence of high-resistance fecal contamination indicators and three new methods to concentrate virus particles from sewage have been developed. Also, it has reaffirmed the presence of NoV GGII and HAV in samples that meet the European regulations through the detection of bivalve molluscs collected at market and samples linked to a hepatitis A outbreak, respectively. The efficiency of three treatments for bivalve molluscs depuration was found limited at reducing the presence of HAdV. In addition, a significant correlation between the identification of positive bivalve shellfish samples for HAdV and NoV GGII has been described, showing high sensitivity and specificity. Finally, using dose-response models we have mathematically modeled the risk of NoV infection and disease associated with raw oyster consumption.
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Flores, Chávez Ariana Gabriela, Rios Vanina Melissa Llontop, and Casado Carolyne Lucía Ugarte. "Emprendimiento Safe Pets: Servicio de seguro para mascotas." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656869.
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El presente trabajo de investigación académica busca evaluar la implementación de un modelo de negocio enfocado en brindar un servicio de seguro para mascotas en Lima Metropolitana. Nuestro proyecto, llamado Safe Pets, nace de la necesidad de tener un servicio que garantice el cuidado completo de las mascotas y la protección que necesitan. Asimismo, en el proceso de creación de nuestro modelo de negocio se realizaron entrevistas a expertos con el fin de validar nuestra propuesta; además, se tomó en cuenta también las opiniones de nuestro segmento objetivo.
Finalmente, en base a la investigación realizada se pudo confirmar que Safe Pets es un modelo de negocio viable y rentable.This academic research work seeks to evaluate the implementation of a business model focused on providing an insurance service for pets in Lima. Our project, called Safe Pets, was born from the need to have a service that guarantees the complete care of pets and the protection they need. Likewise, in the process of creating our business model, interviews with experts were conducted in order to validate our proposal; Furthermore, the opinions of our target segment were also taken into account. Finally, based on the research carried out, it was confirmed that Safe Pets is a viable and profitable business model.
Trabajo de investigación
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Warsiki, Endang. "The effect of structure on the mass transport of acetaldehyde in virgin and recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate)." Thesis, 2006. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/15727/.
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PET is a thermoplastic polyester prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol. It is used for the production of bottles, sheets, films, strapping and injection moulded products. PET bottles are extensively used for various
food-packaging applications, particularly in developed countries, which is leading to disposal problems. Presently, there is an increasing emphasis throughout the
world to recycle PET. The use of recycled PET for food packaging applications however, has raised questions regarding its safety. Recycled PET presents a source of a wide range of potential migrants such as residues from the
polymerisation process and degradation compounds. These substances can then transfer to the packaged food and pose health risks, in addition to off-flavours. The present study aims to learn how the overall migration from recycled PET compares to that from the virgin material in particular at elevated temperatures. Another aim was to investigate the specific migration of acetaldehyde from recycled PET into food simulants.
Books on the topic "Pet Food Safety"
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Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo shi pin an quan fa zhu jie yu pei tao. Beijing: Zhongguo fa zhi chu ban she, 2009.
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United, States Congress House Committee on Agriculture Subcommittee on Department Operations Research and Foreign Agriculture. Food safety issues: Hearings before the Subcommittee on Department Operations, Research, and Foreign Agriculture of the Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, One Hundred Second Congress, second session, February 19, 1992, minor-use pesticides, integrated pest management, and biological pesticides; February 26, 1992, risk assessment for establishing pesticide residue tolerance; March 4, 1992, preemption of local authority under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act; March 11, 1992, USDA pesticide programs. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1992.
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Mendelson, Cheryl. Home Comforts: The Art and Science of Keeping House. 4th ed. New York, USA: Scribner, 1999.
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Mendelson, Cheryl. Home Comforts: The Art & Science of Keeping House. New York, USA: Scribner, 2005.
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American Feed Industry Association. Safety and Health Committee., ed. OSHA compliance manual for feed manufacturing and pet food industries. Arlington, Va: AFIA, 1994.
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Kenkyūkai, Petto Fūdo Anzenhō, and Japan, eds. Petto fūdo anzenhō no kaisetsu. Tōkyō: Taisei Shuppansha, 2009.
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Kenkyūkai, Petto Fūdo Anzenhō, and Japan, eds. Petto fūdo anzenhō no kaisetsu. Tōkyō: Taisei Shuppansha, 2009.
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Food Safety Assessment of Pesticide Residues. World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd, 2017.
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Safety/Opposites/Pet Animals (Fun Time Fold-Out Books). School Specialty Publishing, 2001.
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jessi, angle. Easy Dog Food Recipes: 50 Healthy Dishes to Feed Your Pet Safely. Independently Published, 2021.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Pet Food Safety"
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Stawick, Bradley A., and Jeffrey L. Kornacki. "Pet Foods." In The Microbiological Safety of Low Water Activity Foods and Spices, 315–27. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2062-4_16.
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Abrol, Dharam P., and Uma Shankar. "Pesticides, Food Safety and Integrated Pest Management." In Integrated Pest Management, 167–99. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7796-5_7.
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Shaw-Yhi, Hwang. "Arthropod Pest Management in Sustainable Agricultural Systems." In Food Security and Food Safety for the Twenty-first Century, 313–17. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-417-7_27.
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Petter, Françoise, Sarah Brunel, and Muriel Suffert. "Pest Risk Analysis as Applied to Plant Pathogens." In The Role of Plant Pathology in Food Safety and Food Security, 137–50. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8932-9_12.
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Yaseen, Mifftha, Tahreem Kausar, Bushra Praween, Shafaq Javaid Shah, Yasmeena Jan, Surendra Singh Shekhawat, Muneeb Malik, and Z. R. Azaz Ahmad Azad. "Insect Pest Infestation During Storage of Cereal Grains, Pulses and Oilseeds." In Health and Safety Aspects of Food Processing Technologies, 209–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24903-8_8.
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Hadwiger, Lee A. "Toward the Genetic Engineering of Disease Resistance in Plants: The Transfer of Pea Genes to Potatoes." In Molecular Approaches to Improving Food Quality and Safety, 99–111. New York, NY: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8070-2_5.
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Krishna Kumar, N. K., and S. Vennila. "Pests, Pandemics, Preparedness and Biosecurity." In India Studies in Business and Economics, 153–81. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0763-0_6.
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AbstractPandemics continue to affect the edifice of India’s biosecurity threatening food, nutrition, health, livelihood, biodiversity and ecosystem services. Rapid, largescale movement of people and material in a globalised world, climate change and inadequate surveillance will exacerbate pandemics in the years to come. Despite vaccines, synthetic drugs, agrochemicals playing a key role in mitigation, cascading problems of resistance, resurgence, food safety, biodiversity, and ecosystem services is a stark reality. For India to be a part of preparedness, transformational changes in transboundary pest surveillance, strict quarantine, rapid molecular diagnosis, anticipatory research, and training are essential. Transparency, political commitment, investment in research and development, analysis and interpretation of bigdata, meta-analysis, multi-lateral institutional/international cooperation is the way forward for preparedness and biosecurity. Pandemics need a united regional and global approach rather than mere national focus.
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Nwaogu, Chukwudi. "Improving Food Security by Adapting and Mitigating Climate Change-Induced Crop Pest: The Novelty of Plant-Organic Sludge in Southern Nigeria." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1659–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_135.
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AbstractClimate change is a global issue threatening food security, environmental safety, and human health in tropical and developing countries where people depend mainly on agriculture for their livelihood. Nigeria ranks among the top in the global yam production. It has the largest population in Africa and has been able to secure food for its growing population through food crops especially yam. Unfortunately, the recent increase in termites’ colonies due to climate change threatens yam yield. Besides harming man and environment, pesticides are expensive and not easily accessible to control the pests. This prompted a study which aimed at applying a biotrado-cultural approach in controlling the termites, as well as improving soil chemical properties and yam production. The study hypothesized that Chromolaena odorata and Elaeis guineensis sludge improved soil nutrient and yam yield and consequently decreased termites’ outbreak. In a randomized design experiment of five blocks and five replicates, five different treatments including unmanaged (UM), Vernonia amygdalina (VA), Chromolaena odorata (CO), Elaeis guineensis (EG) liquid sludge, and fipronil (FP) were applied in termites-infested agricultural soil. Data were collected and measured on the responses of soil chemical properties, termites, and yam yield to treatments using one-way ANOVA, regression, and multivariate analyses. The result showed that Chromolaena odorata (CO) and EG treatments were the best treatments for controlling termites and increase yam production. Termites were successfully controlled in VA and FP treatments, but the control was not commensurate with yam production. The experiment needs to be extended to other locations in the study region. It also requires an intensive and long-term investigation in order to thoroughly understand (i) the influence of climate change on the termites’ outbreak, (ii) the extent of termite damage to the crops, (iii) the impacts of climate change and variability on yam yields, (iii) the agricultural and economic benefits of the applied treatments, and (iv) the ecological and human health safety of the treatments.
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Leung, Daren Shi-Chi. "Reviving Community Agrarianism in Post-socialist China." In Beyond Global Food Supply Chains, 69–84. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3155-0_6.
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AbstractTasked with feeding 1.4 billion people, China often promotes its success in food security in relation to its self-sufficient grain production. In the post-socialist context, the reformist state has been pursuing a capital-based vertical model to integrate millions of smallholding producers into the market. Yet, the introduction of high-yield hybrid rice to increase production has resulted in a set of related crises, including widespread environmental pollution, food-safety issues and adverse impacts on rural life. However, agrarian communities are challenging these state-imposed practices of food production. This chapter explores an endogenous form of regenerative agriculture that has emerged in South China since the early 2000s, a Chinese form of food and farming activism for reviving community agrarianism. I argue that the revitalization of “traditional” farming practices as a form of xaingtu (rural) knowledge has evolved with and through local peasants’ experience and struggle over the decades. One example that combines diverse aspects of such knowledge is the “fish-duck-rice paddy”, a well-known symbiotic method of pest control that also works with native varieties, organic manure and cooperative labour. This method revives peasants’ experience of the Mao era as a cultural reference for community agrarianism. The revival of community agrarianism allows farming to be narrated as an evolving social and historical practice, not “wasting” peasants’ knowledge, in contrast to the capitalist agrarian transformation.
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Dhang, Partho, Philip Koehler, Roberto Pereira, and Daniel D. Dye, II. "Stored product pests." In Key questions in urban pest management: a study and revision guide, 100–107. Wallingford: CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781800620179.0013.
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Abstract This chapter provides key questions in urban pest management, focusing on pests of stored products such as food, clothing, furnishings, artifacts and books. Stored product insects are comprised of only two insect groups or orders. These insect groups are moths (Lepidoptera) and beetles (Coleoptera) which also comprises weevils. Control and management of stored product pests can be achieved by a number of methods. These include a step-by-step process that covers sanitation, proper storage, safe transportation, insecticide application and continuous monitoring.
Conference papers on the topic "Pet Food Safety"
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Mak, S. L., M. Y. T. Wu, W. F. Tang, C. H. Li, H. Wang, and K. F. Tsang. "A Study on Safety of Pet Food Products." In 2021 IEEE International Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering - Asia (ISPCE-ASIA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ispce-asia53453.2021.9652191.
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Mak, S. L., S. L. Au, W. F. Tang, C. H. Li, W. H. Chiu, C. C. Lee, and M. Y. T. Wu. "A Critical Review on Safety of Pet Food Products." In 2022 IEEE International Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering - Asia (ISPCE-ASIA). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ispce-asia57917.2022.9970775.
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Krul, Elaine. "Nutritional opportunities to advance companion animal health - focus on lipids and related nutrients." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/cttu1432.
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Globally $232 billion was spent in the pet industry in 2021 and the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) is estimated to be 4.6%. In the USA alone, $109.6 billion was spent in 2021, and more money is spent annually on pet food and treats than veterinary care or products. Pet parents are increasingly more concerned about the nutritional quality of the foods they feed their animals and their impact on health. Pet food manufacturers are responding to the increased demand for premium food products but importantly, the work of veterinary nutrition researchers is key to ensuring the safety and nutritional sufficiency of commercial and specialized animal diets. Lipids and related nutrients, such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, medium-chain triglyceride oil (MCT oil), vitamins D and E and choline play an important role in companion animal health and will be discussed in this session. In addition, a study evaluating the impact of canine diets with different fat contents on risk of pancreatitis will be presented. These reports not only provide more insight into companion animal health but also sheds light on our understanding of how lipids and related nutrients impact human health.
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Farkas, Daniel F., and Joseph A. Kapp. "Recent Advances in High Pressure Food Processing Equipment and Equipment Requirements to Meet New Process Needs." In ASME 2002 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2002-1157.
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Foods preserved by high pressure processes (HPP) are sold in Japan, the United States, and Europe. HPP technology is used to pasteurize low acid solid and liquid foods such as oysters, hams, and guacamole and to extend refrigerated shelf-life. HPP technology can commercially sterilize liquid and solid acid products such as fruit juices, salsa, and cut tomatoes. Product sales have reached millions of pounds per year. New processes have been developed to sterilize low acid foods using a combination of heat and pressure. Foods at temperatures of 90 to 1000C can be compressed to 600 to 700 MPa for one or more cycles and thus heated uniformly by compression heating in the range of 111 to 121 0C. Decompression brings the product back to its starting temperature for final cooling. This application provides a high-temperature-short-time sterilization process for low acid foods and thus preserves fresh product quality. Commercial HPP foods require rapid cycling of equipment and maximum use of the pressure vessel volume. These requirements have been met in commercial, semi-continuous, liquid food treatment systems. A single 25 liter pressure vessel can cycle 15 times per hour with a three minute product hold at a pressure of 580 MPa. This vessel operating 5000 hours per year can treat over four million pounds of liquid food. Batch equipment designed to cycle over 12 times per hour with a three minute product hold at 680 MPa is under construction. All units manufactured for the HPP treatment of foods use stainless steel contacting parts, potable water as the compression fluid, and are designed to have a safe cycle life of over 100,000 cycles at 580 MPa. Equipment used for the HPP treatment of food must have an up-time in excess of 90% and must be capable of repair and maintenance by food process line technicians. Ease of access and ease of seal and wear part replacement is required. Equipment must meet cleaning and sanitation requirements of the FDA and the USDA if used to treat meat containing products. Pressure chamber volume use in batch systems must be optimized. Even one additional package per cycle at 12 cycles per hour and 5000 hours per year can yield 60,000 additional packages. High cycle rates require automatic package handling systems for loading packages into carriers and for loading and unloading carriers at the pressure vessel. The operation of high pressure food processing equipment must integrate with a specified food packaging and package handling system as it is desirable to have the high pressure processing system as an integral part of the total food processing and packaging system.
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Bagnato, Vanderlei S. "Food safety: new challenge for PDT and photo reaction in general (Conference Presentation)." In 17th International Photodynamic Association World Congress, edited by Tayyaba Hasan. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2530660.
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Verstraete, Frans. "EU policy on certain processing contaminants in vegetable oils and foods containing vegetable oils: recent developments and outlook." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/lkbg1243.
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In May of 2016, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) adopted a scientific opinion on the risks for human health related to the presence of 2- and 3-monochloropropanediol and their fatty acid esters (MCPDE) and glycidyl fatty acid esters (GE) in food. Given the divergence between the opinion of EFSA and the later adopted opinion of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), EFSA decided in 2017 to re-open their opinion to address the divergences. EFSA concluded that glycidol is genotoxic and carcinogenic compound and the presence of GE in food is of health concern. In their updated scientific opinion on 3-MCPDE in 2017, EFSA established a tolerable daily intake (TDI) of 2 µg/kg body weight per day for 3-MCPDE. Exposure estimates indicated in certain situations exceedances of this TDI and therefore of possible health concern. Therefore, maximum levels for GE and 3-MCPDE have been established in the EU by Commission Regulation (EU) 2020/1322 in vegetable oils, fish oil, oils from other marine organisms and in infant formula to ensure a high level of human health protection. These maximum levels entered into application on 1 January 2021. More recently high levels of MCPDE and GE have been found in foods such as biscuits, pastries, margarine, ... Therefore, discussions are ongoing to establish in addition to the existing maximum levels also maximum levels for 3-MCPDE and GE in certain compound foods containing or produced from vegetable oils. In the presentation up to date information shall be provided on the recent and ongoing discussions on additional regulatory measures for GE and 3-MCPDE and the challenges to be addressed.
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RUZAIĶE, Aija, Sandra MUIŽNIECE-BRASAVA, Zanda KRŪMA, and Kaspars KOVAĻENKO. "NUTRITIONAL VALUE DETERMINATION OF THERMALLY PROCESSED POTATO MAIN COURSE IN RETORT PACKAGING." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.078.
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Consumers are increasingly demanding choices of ready-made foods with excellent organoleptic and health-related properties. There are two main trends in Europe; firstly, consumers are increasingly choosing foods that are comfortable for use, secondly, the number of people who are overweight is increasing, with more consumers paying close attention to the ingredients and nutritional value of products in order to balance the amount of the food they consume per day. The aim of the research was to develop new potato main courses and to determine their nutritional value. The research was carried out at the Faculty of Food Technology of the Latvia University of Agriculture, Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR" and Laboratory of Mineral Nutrition at the Institute of Biology of the University of Latvia. Four different potato main course types with amaranth, quinoa, bulgur and chicken were prepared for the study; plain potatoes were used as the control sample. The content of protein, carbohydrates, lipids, fibre and minerals (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Mo, B) was determined in all potato main course samples. The addition of amaranth, quinoa and bulgur significantly increased the content of dietary fibre, protein, carbohydrates and lipids (p<0.05), whereas the addition of chicken fillet significantly increased protein and lipid content, but reduced the content of carbohydrates and dietary fibre. The content of various minerals, which are an indispensable part of the diet as they are necessary for the body's life processes and normal development, was significantly increased by the addition of chicken to the potato main course. The highest dietary fibre content was detected in potato main course with amaranth (3.0 g per 100 g product), drawing up to 9.0 g dietary fibre per one serving (300 g). Following the Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006, potatoes with amaranth can be defined as the “source of fibre”.
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S, Wimalasiri, and Somasiri S.C. "Ensiled Fruit Peels of Pineapple (Ananas comosus) and Papaya (Carica papaya) as an Animal Feed." In 2nd International Conference on Agriculture, Food Security and Safety. iConferences (Pvt) Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32789/agrofood.2021.1003.
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One of the major issues for the development of the livestock sector in Sri Lanka is the unavailability of quality animal feeds. Thus, this study was carried out to prepare value-added silages using fruit peels for feeding livestock. Silage has been prepared using pineapple (Ananas comosus) and papaya (Carica papaya) fruit peels obtained from a fruit processing factory in Sri Lanka. Ensiling was done either in fruit peels only or in different combinations of fruit peels and chopped Hybrid Napier (CO-3 Pennisetum perpureum × Pennisetum americarnum) grass. The experimental design was a completely Randomized Design having ten treatments (T1 to T10) with two replicates per each. The treatments were T1 Papaya 100%, T2 Pineapple 100%, T3 Grass 100 %, T4 Pineapple 75%+ Papaya 25%, T5 Pineapple 50%+ Papaya 50%, T6 Pineapple 25%+ Papaya 75%, T7 Pineapple 20%+Papaya 70%+ Grass 10%, T8 Pineapple 30%+ Papaya 50%+ Grass 20%, T9 Pineapple 70%+ Papaya 20%+ Grass 10%, and T10 Pineapple 50%+ Papaya 30%+ Grass 20%. The fruit peels and grass were dried under shade, chopped, and mixed according to the different treatments. After 21days, representative silage samples from each treatment were analyzed for nutrient content, colour, odour, pH, and Ammonium Nitrogen (NH3N) content. The colour of all silages ranged from olive green to orange. All the treatments had a fruity smell. The pH values ranged from 3.41 to 4.04 in all treatments. The highest (p<0.05) crude protein (CP) content was in T3, and the lowest (p<0.05) was observed in T4 and T5. The highest (p<0.05) acid detergent fibre (ADF) contents were in T3, T8, and T10, and the lowest (p<0.05) was in T5 and T6. The highest (p<0.05) neutral detergent fibre (NDF) content was in T9 (44.00±0.02%) and the lowest (p<0.05) in T2. The NH3N was not present in any of the treatments. Based on CP, ADF, and NDF contents, T1, T7, T8, T9, and T10 were selected for further studies with animals to select the best treatment.
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Kulikov, Denis, Ruzaliya Ulanova, and Valentina Kolpakova. "COMPREHENSIVE BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPROACH TO PROCESSING OF PEA FLOUR FOR FOOD AND FODDER PURPOSES." In GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b1/v3/06.
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Investigations were carried out to optimize the growth parameters of the symbiosis of cultures of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae 121 and the fungus Geotrichum candidum 977 on whey waters formed from pea flour as a secondary product in the production of protein concentrates after precipitation of proteins at the isoelectric point. The whey remaining after protein precipitation is bioconverted at optimal parameters of crop growth (pH of the medium, amount of inoculum, temperature) with the formation of microbial plant concentrate (MPC) for feed purposes. Serum cultures assimilated stachyose, glucose, maltose, arabinose, and other pentoses. The mass fraction of protein in the concentrate was 57.90-61.68 % of DS. The composition of MPC obtained from biomass is balanced in essential amino acids with a speed of 107-226 %. The fatty acid composition is represented by 97 % fatty acids and 3 % - esters, aldehydes, ketones with the properties of fragrances, photo stabilizers, odor fixers, preservatives and other compounds. The ratio of the sum of saturated and unsaturated acids is 1:3, the content of cis-isomers is 91.1 %, trans-isomers are 5.1 %, omega-6 fatty acids are 19.73 %. The quality and safety indicators indicated that it is promising for use in the diet of animals.
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Barnett, Ralph L., and Peter Barroso. "Foot Control Activation: Reciprocating vs. Pivoting." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0338.
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Abstract Discriminating between the two most widely used foot control concepts, open-sided and side-shielded, requires, among other things, an understanding of reciprocating and pivoting foot motions. In single cycle machine operations, it was found that the hands are steadier when foot controls are activated by pivoting about the heel as opposed to reciprocating. Furthermore, the study reveals the counterintuitive result that the reciprocating motion delivers slightly more activations per unit time than the pivoting action. If safety is not a consideration, stroke rate, operator comfort and hand steadiness are maximized when foot controls are actuated by “riding the pedal” or “hold down/release.”
Reports on the topic "Pet Food Safety"
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Nguyen, Thi Dien, Thi Minh Hanh Nguyen, Thi Minh Khue Nguyen, and Ayako Ebata. Policies to Improve Migrant Workers’ Food Security in Vietnam. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.019.
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Migrant workers in Vietnam make up 7.3 per cent of the population. Despite rapid economic growth, they suffer from precarious working conditions and food insecurity, which Covid-19 control measures have exacerbated. Urgent action is needed to improve migrant workers’ access to nutritious food during crises and increase resilience to future economic shocks through: (1) short-term responses that provide nutritious food; (2) improving living conditions through effective enforcement of existing policies; (3) expanding coverage of the government social safety net; and (4) progressive reform of labour law to reduce their vulnerability to job loss and increase their bargaining power.
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Narvaez, Liliana, and Caitlyn Eberle. Technical Report: Southern Madagascar food insecurity. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/jvwr3574.
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Southern Madagascar’s worst drought in 40 years had devastating cumulative effects on harvest and livelihoods. On top of this, frequent sandstorms and pest infestations have led to severe stress on vegetation triggering a drastic decline in rice, maize and cassava production. These environmental aspects, combined with a lack of livelihood diversification and ongoing poverty, the presence of cattle raiders and restrictive government decisions, have driven the population of southern Madagascar to acute food insecurity conditions. By December 2021, more than 1.6 million people were estimated to have been suffering high levels of food insecurity. This case is an example of how multiple, complex environmental and social factors can combine to trigger a profound crisis in a territory, where vulnerable groups, such as children under five, tend to be particularly affected. Environmental degradation, together with socioeconomic and political dynamics are leaving vulnerable people even more exposed to food crises with few livelihood options or safety nets to cope with disasters. This technical background report for the 2021/2022 edition of the Interconnected Disaster Risks report analyses the root causes, drivers, impacts and potential solutions for the Southern Madagascar food insecurity through a forensic analysis of academic literature, media articles and expert interviews.
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Rafaeli, Ada, Wendell Roelofs, and Anat Zada Byers. Identification and gene regulation of the desaturase enzymes involved in sex-pheromone biosynthesis of pest moths infesting grain. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7613880.bard.
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The original objectives of the approved proposal included: 1. Establishment of the biosynthetic pathways for pheromone production using labeled precursors and GC-MS. 2. The elucidation of a circadian regulation of key enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway. 3. The identification, characterization and confirmation of functional expression of the delta-desaturases. 4. The identification of gene regulatory processes involved in the expression of the key enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway. Background to the topic: Moths constitute one of the major groups of pest insects in agriculture and their reproductive behavior is dependent on chemical communication. Sex-pheromone blends are utilized by a variety of moth species to attract conspecific mates. The sex pheromones used are commonly composed of blends of aliphatic molecules that vary in chain length, geometry, degree and position of double bonds and functional groups. They are formed by various actions of specific delta-desaturases to which chain shortening, elongation, reduction, acetylation, and oxidation of a common fatty acyl precursor is coupled. In most of the moth species sex-pheromone biosynthesis is under circadian control by the neurohormone, PBAN (pheromone-biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide). The development of specific and safe insect control strategies utilizing pheromone systems depends on a clear knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved. In this proposal we aimed at identifying and characterizing specific desaturases involved in the biosynthetic pathway of two moth pest-speciesof stored products, P. interpunctella and S. cerealella, and to elucidate the regulation of the enzymes involved in pheromone biosynthesis. Due to technical difficulties the second stored product pest was excluded from the study at an early phase of the research project. Major conclusions: Within the framework of the planned objectives we confirmed the pheromone biosynthetic pathway of P. interpunctella and H. armigera by using labeled precursor molecules. In addition, in conjunction with various inhibitors we determined the PBAN-stimulated rate-limiting step for these biosynthetic pathways. We thereby present conclusive evidence that the enzyme Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase is activated as a result of PBAN stimulation. We also found that P. interpunctella produce the main pheromone component Z9, E12 Tetradecenyl acetate through the action of a D11 desaturase working on the 16:Acid precursor. This is evidenced by the high amount of incorporation of ²H-labeled 16:Acid into pheromone when compared to the incorporation of ²H-labeled 14:Acid. However, in contrast to reports on other moth species, P. interpunctella is also capable of utilizing the 14:Acid precursor, although to a much lesser extent than the 16:Acid precursor. Despite the discovery of nine different desaturase gene transcripts in this species, from the present study it is evident that although PCR detected all nine gene transcripts, specific to female pheromone glands, only two are highly expressed whereas the other 7 are expressed at levels of at least 10⁵ fold lower showing very low abundance. These two genes correspond to D11-like desaturases strengthening the hypothesis that the main biosynthetic pathway involves a D11 desaturase.
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COVID-19 consumer tracker survey Summary report (Waves 1 – 19). Food Standards Agency, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.gnu416.
Full textAbstract:
The Food Standards Agency commissioned social research to develop its evidence base on issues affecting consumers and businesses in order to inform its COVID-19 response. The COVID-19 consumer tracker ran for 19 months (19 waves) from April 2020 to October 2021, resulting in three reports (waves 1-5, 1-12 and 1-19). The monthly tracker was intended to understand consumers’ concerns around food insecurity and their experience of food unavailability, to understand and observe food behaviours that put consumers health and safety at risk and to understand the pattern and changes in food consumption and purchasing behaviours over the pandemic. The tracker has now been replaced with the ‘Consumer Insights Tracker’ (from November 2021 onwards) where similar measures are covered. Ipsos Mori were commissioned to track consumer attitudes through an omnibus survey. Bright Harbour were commissioned to produce qualitative reports on the lived experience of people living in food insecurity during COVID-19 and the impact on consumers’ engagement with the food system in June and July 2020. Additionally, we undertook in-house social media listening to support our insight gathering around the impact of COVID-19 on food safety, food authenticity and food regulation. In addition, the COVID-19 expert panel was set up to help identify the most important implications of the COVID-19 outbreak in relation to food policy. The FSA drew on its networks of leading researchers and industry experts between April and June 2020