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Journal articles on the topic 'Pests of paddy'

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Published: 18 May 2024

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1

Prof. Barry Wiling. "Monitoring of Sona Massori Paddy Crop and its Pests Using Image Processing." International Journal of New Practices in Management and Engineering 6, no. 02 (June 30, 2017): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijnpme.v6i02.54.

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Nowadays plant diseases are the major cause of low agriculture yield. So significance of detecting diseases in early stages and treating it will improve the agriculture yield. In India the major agriculture crop is paddy and in central part of south India there is a specific paddy crop called Sona Massori. In our work we concentrated on Sona Masori paddy crop health and pest monitoring using image processing. Here image processing technique is used to observe the image of the leaf and based on the image the diseases are identified using the following process such as image acquisition, pre-processing, segmentation, feature extraction and classification. Mostly diseases are caused by pests, insects and pathogens. In Sona Massori paddy crop 99% of diseases are caused by pests, So detecting pests also plays an important role in improving yield. Here pests are detected by image processing techniques such as Gaussian blur and morphological operations.
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Devie Rosa Anamisa, Budi Dwi Satoto, Muhammad Yusuf, Moch. Kautsar Sophan, and Fifin Ayu Mufarroha. "Application of Fuzzy Inference System Takagi-Sugeno Methods for Diagnosis of Diseases and Pests of Madura Paddy Rice Based on Symptoms." Technium: Romanian Journal of Applied Sciences and Technology 16 (October 29, 2023): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/technium.v16i.9958.

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Diseases and pests of lowland rice are one of the factors that can cause a decrease in rice yields. Therefore, it is necessary to have a diagnostic system to identify diseases and pests of paddy rice from an early age based on damage symptoms. The process of diagnosis requires expertise, knowledge, and experience from experts. Therefore, this research tries to build an expert system that can diagnose diseases and pests of paddy rice early by applying the Fuzzy Inference System Takagi with the Sugeno method. Fuzzy Inference System Takagi forms fuzzy sets using implication functions (rules). Rule composition is obtained from a data set of relationships between regulations, where the affirmation (defuzzification) and input from defuzzification is a constant or linear equation. The Sugeno method is used to diagnose diseases and pests of rice plants based on the symptoms experienced. This research aims to help plant pest control officers diagnose diseases and pests of paddy rice plants from the symptoms that attack the rice. The testing technique used is system accuracy testing and Mean Opinion Score (MOS) testing. The MOS test was carried out by involving 30 respondents consisting of 10 farmers and 20 extension workers, where 4.27 was obtained on a scale of 5 which was categorized into a good system. while testing the accuracy obtained from testing the system on two experts on diseases and pests of Madura paddy rice plants in 30 different cases has resulted in an accuracy rate of 86.66%. The expert system built in this study was able to diagnose 13 diseases and pests of Madura paddy based on the knowledge of two experts on 38 symptoms, and the plan was feasible to use and categorized into a good system.
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Herlinda, Siti, Hendri Candro Nauli Manalu, Rinda Fajrin Aldina, Suwandi Suwandi, Andi Wijaya, Khodijah Khodijah, and Dewi Meidalima. "KELIMPAHAN DAN KEANEKARAGAMAN SPESIES LABA-LABA PREDATOR HAMA PADI RATUN DI SAWAH PASANG SURUT." Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 14, no. 1 (January 5, 2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.1141-7.

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ABSTRACTAbundance and Species Diversity of Predatory Spiders for Insect Pests Inhabiting Ratoon Paddy in Tidal Lowland. Ratoon paddy productivity is lower than the main crop. Increasing productivity of the ratoon paddy is to protect the paddy from pests and diseases. This study aimed to analyze the abundance and species diversity of predatory spiders of rice pests on ratoon paddy in tidal lowland. Ratoon paddy field observed was from the main crop that has been harvested and cut 20 cm height. Paddy area observed was 2 ha field planted using Ciherang and Inpara varieties. Spiders inhabiting canopy were sampled using insect nets but soil dwelling spiders were trapped using pitfall traps. The result showed that spider species inhabiting canopy of ratoon paddy were Pardosa pseudoannulata, Lycosa chaperi, Araneus inustus, Cylosa insulana, Atypena adelinae, Erigone bifurca, Erigonidium graminicola, Oxyopes javanus, Argyrodes miniaceus, and Marpisa magister. Spider species found soil dwelling were 11 species, namely Pardosa pseudoannulata, Pardosa sumatrana, Pardosa mackenziei, Pardosa oakleyi, Hogna rizali, Araneus inustus, Cylosa insulana, T. vermiformis, Runcinia albostriata, Coleosoma octomaculatum, and Marpisa magister. Abundance, species number, species diversity for soil dwelling spiders were higher than those for canopy inhabiting spiders. However, the abundance, species number, species diversity for the soil dwelling spiders tended to be higher on the ratoon paddy 3, 4, and 5 week old than those on 1, 2, and 6 week old. From the result, we concluded that abundance, species number, species diversity of spiders found in the ratoon paddy were higher or tended similar to those on the main crop.
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Karthikeyan, K., and P. S. Swathy. "IPM approach against major pests of paddy." Journal of Entomological Research 44, no. 2 (2020): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-4576.2020.00041.9.

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5

Juanda, Juanda, Jannus Marpaung, Leonardus Sandy Ade Putra, Fitri Imansyah, and Redi Retiandi Yacoub. "PADDY PAST TRAP SYSTEM BASED ON LONG RANGE COMMUNICATION." Telecommunications, Computers, and Electricals Engineering Journal 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2023): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/telectrical.v1i1.69895.

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Indonesia is an agricultural country that produces rice plants. The decline in crop yields was caused by pests and had an impact on rice plants which experienced yellowing leaves, broken stems, until the rice fruit became empty. Test results data in the form of numbers in certain units will be presented in the form of tables and graphs. To find out the symptoms or behavior of the system at the time of testing, an analysis is carried out. The research was conducted for 5 nights starting at 18.00 until 06.00 WIB. The LoRa sender will send data when a pest lands on a 1000-1500 VDC wire net. In the research conducted, a total of 97 pests were found. The peak of pest attacks occurs at 19:00 to 20:00 WIB. Walang sangit attacks rice plants in all phases, so it is not surprising that this pest has the largest number, namely 87 pests. The rain that falls makes the lights dim thereby reducing the interest of the pests in the pest traps. Lamps with a wavelength of 500 nm can attract the attention of nocturnal pests that attack rice plants at night.
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6

Jannah, Atiatul, Yusriadi Marsuni, Samharinto Soedijo, and Samharinto Soedijo. "Keanekaragaman Arthropoda dan Penyakit Tanaman Padi di Desa Kusambi Hilir Kecamatan Lampihong." JURNAL PROTEKSI TANAMAN TROPIKA 6, no. 2 (May 31, 2023): 666–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jptt.v6i2.1848.

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The purpose of this study was to identify the types of arthropods and diseases in rice plants, especially those in Kusambi Hilir Village, Lampihong District. The method used is a survey method by taking arthropod samples, using insect nets and light traps, observing symptoms of rice plant diseases. The results of the study found that the number of arthropods in paddy fields near the rubber plantations was 219 consisting of 162 individuals (73.97%) pests, 43 individuals (19.63%) predators, 6 individuals (2.73%) parasitoids and 8 individuals ( 3.65%) other arthropods. The number of arthropods in paddy fields near the main road was 159 individuals consisting of 100 individuals (62.89%) pests, 45 individuals (28.30%) predators and 14 individuals (8.81%) parasitoids. The dominant arthropods and diseases in rice are Scirpophaga incertulas Walker and bacterial leaf blight. The diversity index of arthropods is categorized as low because a diversity index of 2.577 is obtained in paddy fields near the main road and (H') is 2.348 in paddy fields near rubber plantations.
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7

S. K. Nandal, B. K. Beheral, D. Beheral, A. K. Goel, and P. L. Pradhan. "Efficacy of Sprayers Against Pests in Paddy Crop." Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) 45, no. 4 (December 31, 2008): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.52151/jae2008454.1345.

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An experiment was conducted to study the efficacy of three sprayers, namely spinning disc type low volume sprayer, hand compression sprayer and air assisted power sprayer in controlling some commonly found pests in paddy crop. The spray characteristics revealed that the ratio of VMD to NMD was near to unity (1.06) in case of low volume sprayer followed by 1.33 in hand compression sprayer and 1.39 in power sprayer with a droplet density of 37.67, 25.67 and 21.0 numbers/cm2. The efficacy of the power sprayer in controlling the stem borer (Dead Heart), stem borer (White Ear Head), Leaf Folder Damaged Leaf (LFDL), Whorl Maggot (WM), White Back Plant Hopper (WBPH) and Brown Plant Hopper (BPH) was significantly (P<0.05) higher than low volume sprayer and hand compression sprayer with damage control of 82.90, 59.20, 88.25, 87.85 75.30 and 92.40% respectively. Damage control of Gall Midge (Silver Shoot) did not vary significantly between power sprayer (15.30%) and hand compression sprayer (13.05%). The low volume sprayer and hand compression sprayer were found equally good to control White Ear Head (53.76% and 52.60%) and Whorl Maggot (72.45% and 68.85%). The field capacities of the sprayers were 0.08, 0.1 1 and 0.30 hah in low volume sprayer, hand compression sprayer and power sprayer respectively. The cost of spraying was found to be Rs. 65.00, Rs. 114.00 and Rs. 134.00lha in low volume sprayer, hand compression sprayer and power sprayer respectively.
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Amin, Javeria, Muhammad Almas Anjum, Rida Zahra, Muhammad Imran Sharif, Seifedine Kadry, and Lukas Sevcik. "Pest Localization Using YOLOv5 and Classification Based on Quantum Convolutional Network." Agriculture 13, no. 3 (March 13, 2023): 662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13030662.

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Pests are always the main source of field damage and severe crop output losses in agriculture. Currently, manually classifying and counting pests is time consuming, and enumeration of population accuracy might be affected by a variety of subjective measures. Additionally, due to pests’ various scales and behaviors, the current pest localization algorithms based on CNN are unsuitable for effective pest management in agriculture. To overcome the existing challenges, in this study, a method is developed for the localization and classification of pests. For localization purposes, the YOLOv5 is trained using the optimal learning hyperparameters which more accurately localize the pest region in plant images with 0.93 F1 scores. After localization, pest images are classified into Paddy with pest/Paddy without pest using the proposed quantum machine learning model, which consists of fifteen layers with two-qubit nodes. The proposed network is trained from scratch with optimal parameters that provide 99.9% classification accuracy. The achieved results are compared to the existing recent methods, which are performed on the same datasets to prove the novelty of the developed model.
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9

Rofidah, Erna, Siti Arofah, and Indah Trisnawati Dwi Tjahjaningrum. "THE EFFECT OF HABITAT MODIFICATION ON PADDY VARIETY IR 64 FIELD WITH TRAP CROP APPLICATION USING LEMON GRASS (Andropogon nardus ) AND WITHOUT TRAP CROP APPLICATION TOWARDS THE COMPOTITION, ABUNDANCE, AND DIVERSITY OF ARTHROPODS." KnE Life Sciences 2, no. 1 (September 20, 2015): 605. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kls.v2i1.226.

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<p>The trap crop technique relies on the attraction of insect pests to plantings other than the main crop. Application using of lemon grass for Habitat modification on paddy field can alter species composition and community structure including Arthropods from insect groups. The lemon grass was planted 20 day before main crop (paddy variety IR 64). This study was conducted in Pasuruan, East Java. Samples were taken using sweep net on vegetative paddy phase, generative paddy phase and ripening paddy phase. Sampling periods from Desember 2012 to March 2013. Each sample was sorted and identified to the family and morphospecies or species. Samples are identified in Zoological laboratory on department of biology, ITS. Study on Arthropoda diversity at different habitats by comparing the species richness is useful for determining ecological indicators at each habitat. The arthropods caught were then classified into some classes: pest (herbivore), natural enemy (parasitoid and predator), and other arthropods. After that, the Species Diversity Index was determined using its Shannon-Wiener Index (H’), Evenness (e), and Species Similarity Index (IS). The compotition of arthropods were classes from herbivore, predator, parasitoid and detritivore. The sum of H’ is higher on paddy field with trap crop application than paddy field without trap crop application. Indicate that a stable relationship could be maintained between rice insect pests and their arthropod natural enemies. </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong> : Habitat modification, Trap crop, Arthropods, compotition, abundance, diversity</p>
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10

Ainunnisa, I., and H. Haerani. "The identification of pests and diseases of rice plants using sentinel-2 satellite imagery data at the end of the vegetative stage." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1230, no. 1 (September 1, 2023): 012148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1230/1/012148.

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Abstract One of the factors that affect production yield of cultivation crops, including rice plants, is pest/disease attacks. Various types of pests/diseases are often found in rice cultivation such as rats, stem borers and rice leaf folders. The damage caused by these pests/diseases can lead to production decreases and crop failure. To prevent an increase in pest infestation, monitoring can be carried out by employing remote sensing technologies such as Sentinel 2 satellite imagery. The identification of rice plant pests/diseases can be done using Vegetation Indices such as NDVI and NDRE, due to their sensitivity to plant chlorophyll. The purpose of this study was to identify infected pest and disease of rice plants in paddy fields by using Sentinel-2 satellite imagery. The methods of this study were spatial analysis and simple linear regression analysis, by looking at the relation between Vegetation Indices and rice productivity. The research results showed that based on the low value of NDVI and NDRE at the end of vegetative stage, some of rice fields were infected with pests and diseases. From field observation, it was found that the pests and diseases included rats, rice leaf folders, borers and blasts. Pests/diseases infestation in paddy fields lead to a low Vegetation Index value which results in low rice production. Comparing the NDVI and NDRE, NDRE was better in detecting pests and diseases due to its sensitivity to the plants’ chlorophyll.
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11

Singh, Rajendra, Sudhir Kumar, Deepak Kumar, Ritesh Sharma, and Amit. "Bioefficacy Evaluation of Pymetrozine against Insect Pests of Paddy." Vegetos- An International Journal of Plant Research 30, special (2017): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2229-4473.2017.00030.1.

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12

Gudadur, Krishna, and S. S. Dolli. "Farmers Knowledge on Pesticide Usage in Paddy and Cabbage Crops." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 11 (October 13, 2023): 719–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i113218.

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The study was conducted to investigate the knowledge of the farmers on pesticide use in selected crops during 2019-22. Two crops namely paddy and cabbage were selected and tow districts that have higher area namely Koppal and Belagavi were selected. In each district, two taluks and eighty farmers were selected for each crop by simple random procedure to form a total sample of 160 farmers. Overall knowledge index of pesticides by farmers was higher in case of paddy (73.57%) and cabbage (64.76%) farmers. Among the various dimensions, knowledge index was highest with respect to concentration and application practice (96.72% & 82.97%), types of sprayers and maintenance (91.25% & 87.50%), IPM practices (73.75% & 70.00) among paddy, and cabbage. Further, knowledge with respect to pest identification (69.06% & 57.66%), toxicity of pesticide and labels signs (68.59% & 61.09%) and disposal of pesticides and personal hygiene (67.86% & 61.09%) was around sixty percent among cabbage and paddy growers respectively. Further, low index was observed with respect to pesticide selection (26.88% & 38.54%) in case of paddy and cabbage growers respectively. Regarding overall knowledge of the pesticide use the findings revealed that Majority (72.50%) of the growers belongs to medium knowledge of pesticide category in case of paddy, low knowledge category in cabbage crop (38.75%) there is need for orientation to the farmers on different insect pests and pathogens through training and digital media. The short video on pests in different crops may be prepared and made access to upload on smart phones of farmers.
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Nor Azura Husin, Vishnuu Sivajiganason, Nurul Nadhrah Kamaruzza man, Norida Mazlan, and Imas Sukaesih Sitanggang. "iRICE Decision Support System: Time-Series Forecasting Model for the Risk Management System." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 33, no. 2 (November 1, 2023): 160–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/araset.33.2.160173.

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The development of a decision support system (DSS) called the IRice Risk Management System aims to empower farmers in making well-informed decisions, ultimately enhancing rice field production. This system focuses on providing a monitoring mechanism that optimizes monitoring and control efforts in paddy plantations. By employing predictive modeling, integrated pest monitoring, and decision support systems for pests, weeds, abiotic variables, and rainfall patterns, it predicts the likelihood and consequences of potential weed infestations, pest outbreaks, and changes in weather patterns like temperature and rainfall. By leveraging precision agriculture technologies and data-driven insights, the Risk Management System keeps a vigilant watch on disease and pest presence in paddy fields. It promptly alerts farmers when specific thresholds are surpassed, enabling them to take immediate action. The system facilitates effective data analysis for extension officers, enabling them to swiftly respond to emergency situations. Overall, this method offers a practical and efficient response to the challenges faced by paddy farmers. It equips them with the ability to make informed decisions, increase production, and effectively manage diseases and pests, ultimately leading to improved agricultural outcomes.
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Kumar, Sandeep, S. Nath, S. K. Kannaujia, A. D. Gautam, and Bishnu Pratap Singh. "Assessment of the Integrated Pest Management against Insect Pests of Paddy in Eastern Uttar Pradesh." Journal of Krishi Vigyan 8, no. 2 (2020): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2349-4433.2020.00003.3.

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15

Rizal, Samsul, and Mochamad Hadi. "Inventarisasi Jenis Capung (Odonata) Pada Areal Persawahan Di Desa Pundenarum Kecamatan Karangawen Kabupaten Demak." Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi 17, no. 1 (June 17, 2015): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/bioma.17.1.16-20.

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Paddy fields is one of the important ecosystem that support human life because here produced rice that is the main food to the human. Besides, paddy field ecosystem also have many diversity of insect, including dragonfly (Odonata). Dragonfly (Odonata) is one of the insect that used to be a predators to the pests in the paddy fields, such as Chilo sp and Nilaparvata lugen. The study on dragonfly was conducted in Pundenarum village, Karangawen, Demak. The objectives of this study is to identify the odonata specieses that lived in paddy field. Inventory of odonata specieses done with field by field method and direct catch using insect net. The result of this study is that 5 specieses of odonata were identified in paddy field, i.e: Orthetrum sabina, Crocothemis servillia, Pantala flavescens, Agriocnemis femina dan Agriocnemis pygmea. The odonata specieses that identified is part of 2 family, i.e: Libellulidae and Coenagrionidae. It is also found that all species is part of the suborder Anisoptera (dragonfly) and Zygoptera (damselflies). Key word : dragonfly, Odonata, inventory, paddy field.
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Lakani, Irwan, Jusriadi, Nur Edi, and Axel Riyadi Tampa’i. "Resistance testing of several genotypes of Kamba Local Paddy (Oryzae sativa L.) to leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1253, no. 1 (October 1, 2023): 012053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1253/1/012053.

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Abstract One of the important diseases of paddy plants is bacterial leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Kamba is one of the local paddy plants in Central Sulawesi’s germplasm collection that is superior in origin from the Lore (Bada, Napu and Lindu). Until now, no scientific testing has been conducted on the resistance of local kamba paddy to leaf blight. This study aims to compare the level of resistance of several kamba paddy genotypes to leaf blight caused by the bacterium Xoo This research was conducted at the Disease Laboratory and Plant Pests and Diseases Gauze House, Faculty of Agriculture, Tadulako University, Palu. Stages of research implementation include propagation of Xoo, Preparation of test plants, and Transmission of Xoo. Observation variables include symptoms on plants, incubation period, disease severity and level of resistance to Xoo. The results showed that Paddy cultivars Kamba Bulili Kasar and Kamba Bulili Halus showed resistance reactions to Bacterial Leaf Blight (HDB) caused by Xoo bacteria. Both paddy cultivars also showed a disease incubation period of 6 days, longer than the susceptible comparison varieties.
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Madhuri, G., P. C. Dash, and K. K. Rout. "Effect of Weather Parameters on Population Dynamics of Paddy Pests." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 6, no. 10 (October 10, 2017): 2049–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.610.243.

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18

Hongxing, Xu, Zhao Xianxin, Lü Zhongxian, and Li Fei. "Research Progress of Genomes of Insect Pests in Paddy Field." Rice Science 30, no. 5 (September 2023): 369–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rsci.2023.03.013.

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19

Pramudi, M. Indar, Harmi Harmi, and Yusriadi Marsuni. "Arthropod Preference Test Against Zinnia sp. in Oryza Sativa L." TROPICAL WETLAND JOURNAL 8, no. 1 (July 25, 2022): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/twj.v8i1.106.

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Arthropoda Preference Test has been carried out on Zinnia Sp. In paddy plantations (Oryza sativa L.). This study aims to determine the level of arthropod diversity in paddy cultivation areas using Zinnia sp. compared to rice without Zinnia sp. The method used is a survey method with purposive sampling which was determined intentionally. The results of the comparison of the 2 treatments showed that in the vegetative phase the number of pests, predators, and parasitoids was more without treatment than using treatment, while the generative phase used less treatment than without treatment. Indeed, from the number of species obtained, there was no signicant difference, but it was seen from the number of fewer pests and more predators with refugia plantations compared to those without refugia. This is evidenced by the comparison of rice yields obtained more with treatment than without treatment 561:429 in units of kg.
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Rani, A. Pushpa Athisaya Sakila, and Dr N. Suresh Singh. "Pest and Disease Identification in Paddy by Symptomatic Assessment of The Leaf using Hybrid CNN-LSTM Algorithm." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) 10, no. 6 (March 30, 2022): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.f6795.0310622.

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The crop damage is caused by various types of pests that feed on the leaf, stem, roots or entire part of the plants and also by fungal, bacterial and viral infections. In most cases, the diseases are transmitted from one plant to another by vectors. The pests act as vectors in spreading most of the viral infections. It is necessary to identify the disease incidence or pest infestation in the early stages itself and contains its spread before it causes any damage to plants. Several machine and deep learning approaches are involved in rice disease and pest identification. In the preceding works Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and CNN algorithms respectively were used in identification and classification of the disease and pest that affects paddy. Here, a Hybrid CNN-LSTM method is applied for rice disease and pest identification using the various symptoms exhibited in paddy leaves. The accuracy of 97.8% in pest and disease identification proves the superiority of this method over the existing methods.
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Meena, R. S., Puneet Kumar, and Prerana S.B. "Bio-Efficacy of Newer Insecticides on Major Insect Pests of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)." Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology 23, no. 5 (March 29, 2024): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i5546.

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Present study was carried out at the Farm of Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi during 2022-23. In order to study the bio-efficacy of insecticides; field experiment was laid with six treatments viz., chlorantraniliprole 0.53%G @ 29.81 g a.i/ha,chlorantraniliprole 0.53%G@39.75g a.i/ha, chlorantraniliprole 0.53%G@49.69 g a.i/ha, chlorantraniliprole 0.4G@ 40 g a.i/ha and fipronil 0.3G @75 g a.i/ha including the untreated control. In case of stem borer and leaf folder chlorantraniliprole 0.53%GR @39.75g a.i/haprovided significantly better control followed by chlorantraniliprole 0.53% GR @ 49.69g a.i/ha, Fipronil 0.30% GR@ 75g a.i/hachlorantraniliprole 0.53%G @ 29.81 g a.i/ha and Chlorantraniliprole 0.40% GR@ 49.69g a.i/ha. It was concluded that the Bio-efficacy of insecticidal treatments against major pests of paddy showed that chlorantraniliprole 0.53%G 39.5g a.i/ha was first best insecticidal treatment against both Lepidopteran insect pests of paddy.
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Abd Hamid, Izzah, Wan Asrina Wan Yahaya, and Hairazi Rahim. "Native Paddy Cultivation: Understanding of the Practice and Crop Management among Sarawak’s Farmers." Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH) 7, no. 12 (December 31, 2022): e001972. http://dx.doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v7i12.1972.

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Native paddy is widely acknowledged for its authentic taste and fragrance but is often reported with low yield. Hence, the objective of this paper was to identify the practice and crop management of native paddy in Sarawak. About 56 targeted participants who actively cultivated native paddy were surveyed from January to June 2021. Our results have revealed their background and management contributed the most to the yield where no irrigation system, low fertiliser application, and the possibility of impurity seedlings become the significant constraints. Besides, unpredictable weather and long-distance travel to buy agricultural supplies worsened this problem. The participants apply fertiliser in low amounts compared to their cultivation areas (>2.5 ha), and those who mixed cropping will share the fertiliser with another crop. Paddy varieties such as Rotan (Wai), Biris, and others need a longer period of growth (5½ months) and are cultivated once a year. This showed unproductive production and a high infestation of pests and diseases. Therefore, we suggest intensive paddy cultivation by addressing the issues found in this study.
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Karthikeyan, K. "Evaluation of IPM module against paddy major pests in Palakkad, Kerala." Journal of Entomological Research 47, no. 1 (2023): 146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-4576.2023.00025.7.

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24

Nurhasan, H. L. Susilawati, and Supriatna. "The dynamic of pests and plant diseases during three consecutive rice growing seasons." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1039, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1039/1/012030.

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Abstract Pests and diseases are significant factors that affecting global rice production. There is a need that pests and diseases have continuously been controlled, in order to solve the pest and disease problem. The aim of this study was to observe the population dynamics of pests and diseases infestation in lowland rice field during different cropping seasons. The data of pest and disease infestation in Pati District, Central Java Province, Indonesia during the Rainy Season (RS) 2018/2019, the Dry Season (DS) 2019, and the RS 2019/2020 were observed and analyzed. The results showed that the rice fields in Pati were susceptible to stem borer, brown plant hopper, rats, fake white pests, blast and bacterial blight during three consecutive seasons. Tungro was not found. During both the RS and DS, the areas of rice paddy in Pati approximately 470 ha season−1 were affected by stem borer. The second largest damage rice area approximately 221 ha season−1 was affected by blast. Grain loses due to pests and diseases infestation during the RS was higher than during the DS. Micro-climate significantly affected pests and plant diseases. The dynamic of pests and plant disease infestation provide information early warning for high-risk areas of rice production and for pests-diseases management.
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Babu, Nishi, Anasuya Anand, and G. Prasad. "Social tolerance of spider Stegodyphus sarasinorum Karsch (1891) between their colonies under controlled and field conditions." ENTOMON 45, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 307–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33307/entomon.v45i4.575.

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Investigation on social interaction between the individuals of Stegodyphus sarasinorum of two different colonies and their cooperation in prey capture showed that members of different colony were socially accepted by both adults and juveniles. The study also revealed that this species prey upon rice ear bugs and cercopids which form major pests in paddy fields and banana plantation respectively.
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Witriyanto, Roma, Mochamad Hadi, and Rully Rahadian. "Keanekaragaman Makroarthropoda Tanah di Lahan Persawahan Padi Organik dan Anorganik, Desa Bakalrejo Kecamatan Susukan Kabupaten Semarang." Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi 17, no. 1 (June 17, 2015): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/bioma.17.1.21-26.

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Inorganic paddies system has a negative impact as pests become resistant, environmental pollution and residual hazard. People who are aware of the impact of the application of synthetic chemicals have been applying organic farming. This research aimed to compare the abundance, diversity and dominance of soil macroarthropods in the organic and inorganic paddies field in Village Bakalrejo, Susukan District of Kabupaten Semarang. Sampling of soil macroarthropods method used pit fall traps . Fifteen pit fall traps were set up in the research area and they were divided into three line whith respective line are 5 pit fall traps. Soil macroarthropods which has been found were identified up to family taxon. The results of the research shows abundance of soil macroarthropods organic rice in paddy fields higher (297) than in inorganic paddy fields (236). Diversity of soil macroarthropods in every phase of rice growth (vegetative, reproductive, ripening and post-harvest) was higher in organic paddy fields (1,479; 1,644; 1,561; 1,019) than inorganic paddy fields (1.391; 0.595; 1.286; 1.002). Based on the relative abundance index, soil macroarthropods family dominated organic paddy fields in every phase of rice growth (vegetative, reproductive, ripening, and post-harvest) was lower (Gryllidae: 39.4%; Carabidae: 46.7%; Formicidae: 44.1 %; Formicidae: 48.8%) than in the inorganic paddy fields (Carabidae: 35.5%; Carabidae: 57.4%; Formicidae: 56.3%; Formicidae: 77.6%). Key words : biodiversity, soil macroarthropods, organic farming.
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Balasubramanyam, M., M. J. Christopher, and K. R. Purushotham. "Field evaluation of three anticoagulant rodenticides against rodent pests in paddy fields." Tropical Pest Management 31, no. 4 (January 1985): 299–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09670878509371005.

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Trematerra, Pasquale, Maria C. Z. Paula, Andrea Sciarretta, and Sonia M. N. Lazzari. "Spatio-temporal analysis of insect pests infesting a paddy rice storage facility." Neotropical Entomology 33, no. 4 (August 2004): 469–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-566x2004000400012.

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Putri, I. A., A. Saepuloh, F. R. Lubis, and A. H. Asnawi. "Rat composition and population in mature oil palm adjacent to paddy field." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1308, no. 1 (February 1, 2024): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1308/1/012015.

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Abstract Rat is one of the main pests in an oil palm plantation, impacted at various types and stages of oil palm growth. Ungkaya estate has a historical & endemic infestation of rats, especially in several fields adjacent to paddy fields. This study aimed to find out the seasonal migration of rats from paddy fields to oil palm fields in Ungkaya Estate. Five plots were used for trapping, identifying rat species, monitoring of rat population, rat damage intensity, and rat habitat preference at each stage of the paddy season. Trapped rats were identified as Rattus tiomanicus (56.91%), Rattus argentiventer (36.17%), and Rattus tanezumi (6.91%). The intensity of rat damage to the palm was high during the vegetative phase of paddy season and the full moon phase. The regression analysis results showed that the number of trapped rats has a positive relationship to rat damage intensity for the vegetative and harvesting stage at full moon. The number of trapped R. argentiventer at vegetative stage was higher than the generative & harvesting phase of the paddy season. Moreover, there were rat footprints observed on the riverside leading to the oil palm field. The results of all observation parameters concluded that there was seasonal migration of rats between the oil palm fields and the paddy fields in Ungkaya estate. The information is pivotal in drawing up suitable mitigation measures to control and minimize rat damage to the oil palm.
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Sakthivel, P., and P. Neelanarayanan. "Efficacy of Germinated Cereals as Bait Carrier for Zinc Phosphide and Bromadiolone against Field and Commensal Rodent Pests: A Laboratory Evaluation." Advances in Zoology 2014 (August 7, 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/565306.

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Both sexes of rodent pests such as Bandicota bengalensis, Millardia meltada, Mus booduga, and Rattus rattus were subjected to toxicity tests (acute rodenticide: 1.5% and 2% zinc phosphide and chronic rodenticide: bromadiolone (0.005%), under no-choice and choice tests) by using their preferred germinated cereals, namely, paddy, pearl millet, and finger millet, as bait base, individually. The results indicated that the poison baits in the germinated cereals induced all the chosen four species of rodent pests to consume greater quantities of bait perhaps due to the bait carrier’s palatability and texture. Besides these, the chosen three germinated cereals proved themselves that they are also capable of acting as suitable bait base for both selected rodenticides in bringing maximum mortality among the tested rodent pests under both no-choice and choice tests. Therefore, these germinated cereals may be recommended as a bait carrier for both zinc phosphide (2%) and bromadiolone (0.005%) poisons for the control of all these four species of rodent pests under field conditions. However, this requires field based trials with rodenticides for making a final recommendation.
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Suprihadi, Eddy, Bayu Firmanto, and Taufik Kurrahman. "Aplikasi Alat Pengendali Wereng Berbasis Solar Cell Di Desa Bringin Kabupaten Malang." Prosiding Konferensi Nasional Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat dan Corporate Social Responsibility (PKM-CSR) 2 (December 15, 2019): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.37695/pkmcsr.v2i0.464.

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Planthopper attacks often occur suddenly in the Bringin village, Malang Regency. Efforts to spray using pesticides to eradicate plant hopper attacks have been carried out, but this method is less effective due to sporadic flying ability when spraying. For this reason, an integrated pest control technique is needed in addition to using pesticides so that pest control can be carried out effectively. The Community Partnership Program aims to help farmers overcome planthopper pests in rice fields by using pest traps based on solar cell technology. The method used in the implementation of this partnership program is to provide training in integrated pest control techniques and the manufacture of prototypes of planthopper pest control based on solar cell technology, and assistance to partner farmer groups during the application of tool technology in paddy fields to monitor the effectiveness of the use of tools to control pests leafhopper. The results of the program's implementation are indicated by the installation of four units of planthopper exterminator in one of the partner's paddy fields as the location of the demonstration plot. The results of using solar cell-based pest traps on land during the dry season showed that the tool was not only able to kill the planthopper but was also effective in trapping other pests that were flying around the location of the demonstration plot. It is hoped that after the implementation of the partnership program it can motivate other farmers to implement integrated pest management that is environmentally friendly
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KAVALLIERATOS, NICKOLAS G., CHRISTOS G. ATHANASSIOU, ANN N. HATZIKONSTANTINOU, and HELEN N. KAVALLIERATOU. "Abiotic and Biotic Factors Affect Efficacy of Chlorfenapyr for Control of Stored-Product Insect Pests." Journal of Food Protection 74, no. 8 (August 1, 2011): 1288–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-10-575.

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Laboratory bioassays were conducted to assess pyrole chlorfenapyr as a potential grain protectant against adults of Rhyzopertha dominica, Sitophilus oryzae, Prostephanus truncatus, Tribolium confusum, and Liposcelis bostrychophila. Factors such as dose (0.01, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, and 10 ppm), exposure interval (7 and 14 days), temperature (20, 25, and 30°C), relative humidity (RH; 55 and 75%), and commodity (wheat, maize, barley, and paddy rice) were evaluated. Progeny production was assessed after 74 days of exposure. For L. bostrychophila and T. confusum the increase of dose increased mortality. After 7 or 14 days of exposure, mortality was low at doses of ≤1 ppm and did not exceed 23 or 36%, respectively, for L. bostrychophila or 13 or 58%, respectively, for T. confusum. After 14 days of exposure, mortality of S. oryzae at 30°C and 75% RH was 82.2%. Mortality of P. truncatus was considerably higher than that of the other species. At 0.5 ppm, mortality exceeded 81% after 7 days of exposure and 91% after 14 days of exposure. Progeny production of L. bostrychophila was extremely high. Very few progeny were found for T. confusum. For S. oryzae, offspring emergence was high, except at 20°C and 55% RH. For P. truncatus, progeny production in the treated maize was not avoided, even at 10 ppm. In the case of S. oryzae, at 0.1 ppm and after 14 days of exposure, mortality in wheat was higher than in the other three commodities. For R. dominica, mortality was low at 0.1 and 1 ppm for paddy rice but reached 74.4% in barley after 14 days of exposure. For T. confusum, mortality was low at 0.1 and 1 ppm in all commodities. For progeny production counts, for S. oryzae or R. dominica, adult emergence was higher in paddy rice than in the other three commodities. Finally, overall T. confusum progeny was low. Chlorfenapyr efficacy varied remarkably among the combinations tested, and it may be a viable grain protectant in combination with other insecticides.
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AR, Trisnawaty, Nining Triani Thamrin, Wahyudi Sofyan, Reza Asra, Aksal Mursalat, and Muh Irwan. "PEMBERDAYAAN KELOMPOK TANI MELALUI PEMANFAATAN LIGHT TRAP BERBASIS ENERGI SURYA PADA LAHAN SAWAH UNTUK MENGURANGI PENGGUNAAN PESTISIDA." Jurnal Dinamika Pengabdian 9, no. 1 (November 6, 2023): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/jdp.v9i1.30805.

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Penggunaan light trap sebagai upaya mengurangi penggunaan pestisida sintetik dalam pengendalian hama yang ramah lingkungan merupakan usaha altematif yang lebih efektif dalam mengendalikan populasi dan penyebaran serangga hama. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pendampingan dan pembinaan secara berkala kepada kelompok tani Desa Carawali terkait pengaplikasian light trap di lapangan. Kegiatan Pengabdian pada masyarakat ini meliputi dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari – Maret 2023 di desa Carawali, Kec. Watang Pulu, Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang. Kegiatan meliputi: a.) Obeservasi dan survei lokasi; b) Sosialisasi; c) Pelaksanaan pendampingan; d) Pengamatan, serta e) Monitoring dan Evaluasi. Hasil pengamatan tangkapan alat perangkap hama light trap berbasis energi surya yang telah dipasang pada lahan sawah petani memperlihatkan hasil tangkapan yang cukup banyak dan setelah minggu ke-4 populasi hama serangga di areal penanaman padi makin berkurang. pemanfaatan light trap berbasis energi surya merupakan solusi yang efektif untuk mengurangi penggunaan pestisida pada lahan sawah. Penggunaan light trap membantu mengurangi jumlah hama yang masuk ke lahan sawah tanpa mengandalkan pestisida. Kata kunci: Energi surya, light trap, pestisida, sawah. ABSTRACT The use of light traps as an effort to reduce the use of synthetic pesticides in environmentally friendly pest control is a more effective alternative in controlling the population and spread of insect pests. This activity aims to provide regular assistance and guidance to Carawali Village farmer groups regarding the application of light traps in the field. This community service activity includes being held in January - March 2023 in the village of Carawali, Kec. Watang Pulu, Sidenreng Rappang Regency. Activities include: a.) Observation and site surveys; b) Socialization; c) Implementation of assistance; d) Observation, and e) Monitoring and Evaluation. The results of observing the catch of solar energy-based light traps that have been installed in farmers' paddy fields show quite a lot of catches and after the 4th week the population of insect pests in the rice planting area decreases. the use of solar energy-based light traps is an effective solution to reduce the use of pesticides in paddy fields. The use of light traps helps reduce the number of pests that enter paddy fields without relying on pesticides. Keywords: Solar cell, light traps, pesticide, ricefield.
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Mario, M. Bayu, William Yeremia Patasik, Muh Ridha Taqwa Tang, Mukhti Muhammad, Amrina Rosyada, Ahmad Arisandi Jamal, Nurwahida Nurwahida, et al. "An Overview of Natural Inert Dust Utilization Against Stored-Product Pests as Part of Integrated Pest Management." Journal of Tropical Life Science 14, no. 1 (January 25, 2024): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.11594/jtls.14.01.15.

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Natural inert dust has been used as a grain protectant since the ancient Aztecs of Mexico to this modern era. Natural inert dust is divided into three groups: the first group includes sand, kaolin, paddy husk ash, wood ash, and clay; the second group includes mineral dust; and the third group includes natural silicas such as diatomaceous earth and zeolite. Natural inert dust has a unique mechanism for killing insect pests. Inert dust particles penetrate the insects’ exoskeleton, causing dehydration through the cuticle. Relative humidity is a crucial factor affecting the efficacy of inert dust application. Inert dust has been traditionally used by farmers, which impacts the insects, such as decreasing population, no insect resistance, and being environmentally friendly. Problems of using inert dust include visible residues on grain, airborne dust, reduced flowability, bulk density reduction, and adverse effects on downstream processing machinery. Moreover, inert dust is a very light product, thus it may cause human respiratory illness. The inert dust can be applied to the smaller or larger storage containers. Natural silica can be readily integrated into modern agriculture as a pest management solution.
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ZHANG, HONG, RONGPING ZHU, and LANSUN CHEN. "ON A PERIODIC TIME-DEPENDENT IMPULSIVE SYSTEM OF STRATEGIES FOR CONTROLLING THE APPLE SNAIL IN PADDY FIELDS." Journal of Biological Systems 15, no. 03 (September 2007): 397–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218339007002271.

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This paper deals with a periodic coefficients predator-prey system with impulsive harvesting for the predator, in which the prey has a history that takes them through two stages, juvenile and adult. We apply this system to model strategies for controlling apple snails which are serious pests of young rice seedlings in paddy fields. A sufficient and necessary condition to guarantee permanence of the system is provided. Finally, we give a brief discussion of our result.
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Wicaksono, Tri Bagus, Saifuddin Hasjim, and Nanang Tri Haryadi. "PEMANFAATAN DAUN KIPAHIT (Tithonia diversifolia) SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENGENDALIAN HAMA KEONG MAS (Pomacea canaliculata L.) PADA TANAMAN PADI." JURNAL BIOINDUSTRI 2, no. 1 (December 10, 2019): 399–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.31326/jbio.v2i1.505.

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Golden snail (Pomacea canaliculata L.) is one of the main pests that attack young paddy plants. Golden snail pest attack on paddy plants has the potential to reduce yields and even crop failure. Kipahit plants (T. diversifolia) have the potential as bio molluscides because they contain toxic compounds against golden snails. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of bio molluscicide concentration of kipahit leaf extract (T.diversifolia) on mortality of golden snails at two phases of age and damage intensity of paddy plants. The. The research was conducted in December 2017 until May 2018. The research was carried out in Lampeji Village, Mumbulsari District, Jember Regency. The researh used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 concentrations of kipahit leaf extract, tested on 2 different age phases of golden snail and 3 times repeated. The variables observed were golden snail mortality, crop damage intensity (DI), Lethal Concentration 50 (LC50) and Lethal Time 50 (LT50). The data obtained were then analyzed by probit analysis and Duncan test with a confidence level of 95%. The results showed that the concentration of 60 g/L was the most efficient and effective concentration in controlling golden snails at various age phases as well as suppressing the intensity of damage to paddy plants. Keywords: golden snail, kipahit leaves (T. diversifolia), molluscicide, mortality
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Kanti, Rongali Divya, G. Sasibhusana Rao, S. Aruna, and Rajkumar Goswami. "A Novel Paddy Leaf Disease Detection Framework using Optimal Leaf Disease Features in Adaptive Deep Temporal Context Network." International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 11, no. 6 (July 19, 2023): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v11i6.7293.

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Since paddy has become the staple food for all human beings, crop productivity is highly demanded. Nowadays, the agriculture industry faces the leaf disease issue as the insect or pests affects the plant leaves to hinder further growth. Owing to this, the productivity gets affected that makes the farmers have economic loss. In earlier time, several methods have been explored to detect the disease significantly. However, such methods become more time consuming, structure complexity and other issues. To alleviate such complex, a new paddy leaf disease detection model is proposed using adaptive methodology. Initially, images related with paddy leaf are gathered from standard resources and offered as the input to segmentation region. Here, segmentation is performed by Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) to get the abnormal regions. Then, the segmented images are fed to ensemble feature extraction region to attain different features like deep, textural, morphological, and color features. Further, the acquired ensemble features are provided to concatenation phase to obtain the concatenate features and the optimal features are selected by the Fire Hawk Optimizer (FHO). Finally, the optimal features are subjected to paddy leaf detection phase, where leaf disease will be detected by Adaptive Deep Temporal Context Network (ADTCN), where the parameters are tuned by the FHO. Hence, the developed model secures efficient leaf disease detection rate than the classical techniques in the experiential analysis.
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Siregar, A. Z., H. Herwina, and I. Trisnawati. "Biodiversity of paddy insects in Northern Sumatera." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1241, no. 1 (September 1, 2023): 012110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1241/1/012110.

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Abstract Biodiversity and food security are related to four dimensions: availability, accessibility, utilization and stability. The aim the study to determine the diversity and functional roles of local insects in paddy plantation; and to knowing the interaction of environmental variables and agroecosystem management. The research was done during July-August 2022 in Sei Beraskata Villages, which trap sample point were determined diagonally (20 x 20m) by 3 plots each using 5 traps (Sweep Net=10 swings; Color Pan Trap=4 replications; Core Sampler=4 replications; Yellow Sticky Trap=5 replications; and Light Trap=1 replication) at 4 times sampling with weekly intervals. The results showed the highest individual abundance and diversity were identified from YST traps (479 individuals, 47 species), followed by LT trap (288 individuals, 14 species) and SN trap (236 individuals, 36 species), while the smallest from the CPT traps (66 individuals, 14 species). A total of pests dominated of Chironomus sp, Anopheles sp, Tetragnatha sp, Leptocorisa oratorius, and Chilo supressalis. While the smallest species of Panstenon sp, Euscyrtus concinnus, Temelucha philippinensis. The calculation of the Biological index, R1=2.70-3.25, (E=0.54-0.78), H’=2.02-2.38 and (D=0.60-0.84). Biodiveristy of paddy insects in Northern Sumatera is quite high and reflect to agroecosystem services.
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Kaparang, Aurelia Margaretha, Noortje Marselianie Benu, and Vicky Richard B. Moniaga. "PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI USAHATANI PADI SAWAH PADA KELOMPOK TANI SOKO MERAS DI KELURAHAN TARATARA SATU KECAMATAN TOMOHON BARAT KOTA TOMOHON." AGRI-SOSIOEKONOMI 16, no. 1 (January 8, 2020): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35791/agrsosek.16.1.2020.27050.

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This study aims to determine the application of paddy farming technology in the Soko Meras farmer group in Taratara Satu Village, Tomohon Barat District, Tomohon City. This research was conducted in July - September 2019. Types of data used in this study are primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected from interviews conducted with all 13 members of the Soko Meras farmer group using a survey method (census) using a questionnaire. Secondary data is data obtained from the Statistics Office of Tomohon City. The results showed that the Soko Meras farmer group had applied agricultural technology in the paddy field farming. All members of the farmer group have implemented agricultural machinery such as tractors for land management, already applying the jajar legowo method in planting. Using sprayers to control pests and diseases. At the threshing stage of rice that has used threshing machines for harvesting. * eprm *
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Usman, Fahruddin, Paulina Taba, and I. Gede Suarthawan. "Potential of tuba plant root (Derris elliptica) as a vegetable pesticide ingredient: A review." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1253, no. 1 (October 1, 2023): 012122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1253/1/012122.

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Abstract Tuba plant is a species of Derris that can be found in Southeast Asia such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunai, Thailand and the Philippines. This plant contains the toxic substance rotenone and is used by the community as a poison to catch fish. The toxicity of rotenone to fish varies between species. Therefore, there is a significant risk of non-target fish species being poisoned when rotenone is used. In addition to poisoning fish, this substance can be used to kill corn cob borers, kill cat lice, eradicate rice snails, and control caterpillar populations. The results of the review of rotenone contained in tuba plants from several studies show that the use of rotenone is effective for eradicating pests, including in Fisheries Management can eradicate unwanted pests and predatory fish, exterminating corn cob borers can control cob borers (Helicoverpa armigeran Hubner) with an initial death time of 26, 50 hours, LT50 67.50 hours and total larval mortality 87.5%, Cat lice repellent can kill cat lice (Siphonaptera), exterminate paddy snails by giving 75% and 100% tuba root extract concentration, and control the population of caterpillars by giving 50% rotenone extract. It can therefore be concluded that that tuba root extract (Derris elliptica) can be used as a vegetable pesticide because it is proven to be effective in eradicating fisheries management pests, borers on corn cobs, lice pests in cats, rice snails in rice plants, and caterpillar pests in fruit plants.
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Lu, Shaohua, Lingfang Zhang, Yujie Lu, Mingshun Chen, and Zhengyan Wang. "Host Volatiles Potentially Drive Two Evolutionarily Related Weevils to Select Different Grains." Insects 15, no. 5 (April 23, 2024): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects15050300.

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The Sitophilus zeamais (maize weevil) and Sitophilus oryzae (rice weevil) are two insect pests that have caused huge economic losses to stored grains worldwide. It is urgent to develop an environmentally friendly strategy for the control of these destructive pests. Here, the olfactory-mediated selection preference of the two weevil species to three stored grains was analyzed, which should help establish a pull–push system in managing them. Bioassays showed that maize weevil adults prefer to select maize, followed by paddy and wheat, while rice weevil adults mainly migrate towards wheat. Volatile analyses revealed that 2-ethylhexanol, piperitone, and (+)-Δ-cadiene are the major components in volatiles from both maize and wheat, but the abundance of these chemicals is much lower in maize than that in wheat. The volatile limonene was only detected in paddy. Y-tube bioassays suggest that 2-ethylhexanol, piperitone, and (+)-Δ-cadiene were all attractive to both weevils, whereas limonene was attractive only to rice weevils. Overall, maize weevil appeared more sensitive to the tested volatiles based on having much lower effective concentrations of these volatiles needed to attract them. The differences in volatile profiles among the grains and the sensitivity of the two species towards these volatiles may explain the behavioral differences between maize and rice weevils in selecting host grains. The differences in sensitivity of maize and rice weevils towards host volatile components with abundance differences are likely determinants driving the two insect species to migrate towards different host grains.
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Cing, Jap Mai, Djarot Sasongko Hami Seno, and Tri Joko Santoso. "Identification of Aroma Gene (Mutated badh2) and Properties of Aroma on Aromatic BC5F2 Ciherang." Current Biochemistry 2, no. 1 (April 20, 2015): 42–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/cb.2.1.42-51.

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Aromatic rice varieties have some weaknesses such as low productivity, and less resistant to pests and diseases. This study aimed to obtain homozygous strain of BC5F2 Ciherang aromatic through the identification of aroma gene (mutated badh2) and properties of the aroma. Ciherang paddy (nonaromatic paddy) was used as the female parent, whereas Mentik Wangi paddy (aromatic paddy) was used as the male parent. The experiment was conducted in BC5F2 because it is expected to generate plants with properties 98.4% close to female parent. The DNA from five strains of paddy plants BC5F2Ciherang X Mentik Wangi was isolated by a modified CTAB method. The concentration of DNA was determined by measuring absorbance at 260 nm wavelength, while its purity was determined from the ratio of the absorbance at a wavelength of 260/280 nm. PCR-based molecular selection was done by using the Bradbury primers. PCR results showed that of the 250 samples, there were 66 samples had DNA fragment of the same size as that of Mentik Wangi, i.e. 257 bp, 67 samples had the same size as the DNA fragment of Ciherang, i.e. 355 bp, and 117 samples had the same size with the both of DNA fragments, i.e. 257 bp and 355 bp. Plants with amplified 257 bp DNA fragment was subjected to leaf aroma test using 1.7% KOH. The results showed that 42 positive samples, out of 66 samples. Samples positive on leaf aroma test were tested again on rice aroma test. Rice aroma test results showed the majority (85.4%) samples that are positive on leaf aroma test is also positive on the rice aroma test.
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Tunardi, Yovita, and Suharjito Suharjito. "Fuzzy Expert System for Classifying Pests and Diseases of Paddy Using Bee Colony Algorithms." International Review on Computers and Software (IRECOS) 11, no. 5 (May 31, 2016): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.15866/irecos.v11i5.8658.

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Matsuno, Kazuo, Hidehiro Inagaki, Tomohiro Ohishi, and Tomoki Takahashi. "Occurrence of Rice Pests in Paddy Fields Used for Carrying Out Environmental Education Activities." JOURNAL OF RURAL PLANNING ASSOCIATION 28 (2010): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2750/arp.28.261.

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Singh, Rajendra, Neelam Kumari, Vimla Paul, and Sudhir Kumar. "Bio-efficacy of novel insecticides and pymetrozine 50% WG against insect pests of paddy." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT PROTECTION 11, no. 1 (April 15, 2018): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijpp/11.1/23-29.

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46

Itoh, K., E. Kanda, and J. Jiao. "Rice cool injury, major rice pests and paddy weeds in Heilongjiang China in 2002." Journal of Weed Science and Technology 48, Supplement (2003): 126–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3719/weed.48.supplement_126.

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47

Covele, Gervâncio, Anacleto Gulube, Lucas Tivana, Ana I. Ribeiro-Barros, Maria Otilia Carvalho, Alexis Ndayiragije, and Rafael Nguenha. "Effectiveness of hermetic containers in controlling paddy rice (Oryza sativa L.) storage insect pests." Journal of Stored Products Research 89 (December 2020): 101710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2020.101710.

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48

Howlader, A. J., and A. S. M. A. Matin. "Observations on the pre-harvest infestation of paddy by stored grain pests in Bangladesh." Journal of Stored Products Research 24, no. 4 (October 1988): 229–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-474x(88)90024-0.

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49

Meenatchi, R., R. P. S. J. Alice, and P. P. Paulin. "Synergistic Effect of Phosphine and Carbon Dioxide on the Mortality of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in Paddy." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 7 (June 8, 2018): 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n7p503.

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Phosphine (PH3) is widely used as a fumigant for the control of stored product pests. Indiscriminate use of PH3 leads to the development of resistant strains. Thus, an experiment was conducted in a laboratory scale fumigation chamber to determine the synergistic effect of carbon dioxide (CO2) and PH3 on the mortality of Tribolium castaneum during fumigation of paddy. PH3 gas generation varies depending upon grain moisture content and dosage of PH3 used for fumigation treatment. Thus, the maximum PH3 concentration with respect to saturation time was achieved when paddy were treated with 98% CO2 + 3 ppmPH3 at 17% moisture content, leading to a quick mortality of different life stages of T. castaneum with minimum LT50 and LT99 value. Among the different stages of T. castaneum, pupal stage was more resistant to all the treatments compared to larva and adult stages. PH3 residues in all the treatments were below the recommended level and it can be considered as safe for consumption.
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Ramadhan, Rendi Henda, Begem Viantimala, and Serly Silviyanti. "PERANAN PENYULUH PERTANIAN LAPANG (PPL) DALAM ADOPSI PENGELOLAAN TANAMAN TERPADU (PTT) USAHATANI PADI SAWAH DI KECAMATAN SEPUTIH RAMAN." Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Agribisnis 7, no. 2 (August 15, 2019): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jiia.v7i2.262-267.

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This study aims to determine the level of role of agricultural extension workers on adopting integrated crop management, determine the level of adoption of integrated crop management of paddy rice in increasing productivity, analyze the relationship between the role of agricultural extension workers and adoption of integrated crop management, and analyze the relationship between adoption of integrated crop management and the productivity of lowland rice. Determination of sampling conducted by proporsional random sampling and obtained 99 people divided into eight agricultural extension work areas. The research data is analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics of Rank Spearman correlation test. The results of the study showed that the role of field agricultural extension workers in the management of integrated crops of paddy fields was in the medium classification; these roles included activities in education, dissemination, facilitation, consultation, supervision, monitoring, and evaluation. Adoption of integrated plant management based on the use of quality seeds and planting systems, irrigation, fertilization, control of plant pests, handling of harvests to post-harvest were in the medium classification. The role of field agricultural extension workers was significantly correlated with the adoption of integrated crop management, while adoption of integrated crop management was related to the productivity of lowland rice.Key words : adoption, agricultural extension workers, integrated crop management, paddy, roles
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