Journal articles: 'PES/PVP Ultrafiltration membrane'

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Pasaoglu, Mehmet Emin, Serkan Guclu, and Ismail Koyuncu. "Polyethersulfone/polyacrylonitrile blended ultrafiltration membranes: preparation, morphology and filtration properties." Water Science and Technology 74, no. 3 (June 4, 2016): 738–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.252.

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Polyethersulfone (PES)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membranes have been paid attention among membrane research subjects. However, very few studies are included in the literature. In our study, asymmetric ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared from blends of PES/PAN with phase inversion method using water as coagulation bath. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) with Mw of 10,000 Da was used as pore former agent. N,N-dimethylformamide was used as solvent. The effects of different percentage of PVP and PES/PAN composition on morphology and water filtration properties were investigated. Membrane performances were examined using pure water and lake water filtration studies. Performances of pure water were less with the addition of PAN into the PES polymer casting solutions. However, long-term water filtration tests showed that PES/PAN blend membranes anti-fouling properties were much higher than the neat PES membranes. The contact angles of PES/PAN membranes were lower than neat PES membranes because of PAN addition in PES polymer casting solutions. Furthermore, it was found that PES/PAN blend UF membranes' dynamic mechanical analysis properties in terms of Young's modules were less than neat PES membrane because of decreasing amount of PES polymer.

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Gryta, Marek, and Piotr Woźniak. "The Resistance of Polyethersulfone Membranes on the Alkaline Cleaning Solutions." Membranes 14, no. 2 (January 23, 2024): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes14020027.

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Polyethersulfone (PES) is a polymer popularly used to produce ultrafiltration (UF) membranes. PES is relatively hydrophobic; thus, hydrophilic ingredients are added to the membrane matrix to reduce the fouling intensity. Ingredients such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) reduce the resistance of PES to NaOH solutions. This study investigated the possibility of using PES membranes for the separation of alkaline cleaning solutions. For this purpose, self-made PES membranes and commercial ultrafiltration PES membranes (UE10—10 kDa and UE50—100 kDa) containing PVP additive were used. The membranes were soaked for 18 months in alkaline (pH = 11.3–11.5) solutions of car washing fluids. It has been found that long-term contact with these solutions caused changes in the structure of the surface layer, especially of membranes containing PVP. As a result, the separation of dextran (100–200 kDa) decreased by 30–40% for PES membranes, 30–40% for UE10 and 40–60% for UE50. Despite these changes, the separation efficiency (rejection of COD, NTU and anionic surfactants) of synthetic car wash wastewater (mixture of surfactants and hydrowax) was similar to the results obtained for pristine membranes.

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Zhao, Huyang, Ting He, Shuang Yao, Long Tao, Xinhai Zhang, Zhaohui Wang, Zhaoliang Cui, and Rizhi Chen. "Improved Protein Removal Performance of PES Hollow-Fiber Ultrafiltration Membrane with Sponge-like Structure." Polymers 16, no. 9 (April 25, 2024): 1194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16091194.

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The research used polyethersulfone (PES) as a membrane material, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) k30 and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) as water-soluble additives, and dimethylacetamide (DMAc) as a solvent to prepare hollow-fiber ultrafiltration membranes through a nonsolvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) process. The hydrophilic nature of PVP-k30 and PEG caused them to accumulate on the membrane surface during phase separation. The morphology, chemical composition, surface charge, and pore size of the PES membranes were evaluated by SEM, FTIR, zeta potential, and dextran filtration experiments. The paper also investigated how different spinning solution compositions affected membrane morphology and performance. The separation efficiency of membranes with four different morphologies was tested in single-protein and double-protein mixed solutions. The protein separation effectiveness of the membrane was studied through molecular weight cutoff, zeta potential, and static protein adsorption tests. In addition, the operating pressure and pH value were adjusted to improve ultrafiltration process conditions. The PES membrane with an intact sponge-like structure showed the highest separation factor of 11, making it a prime candidate membrane for the separation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme (LYS). The membrane had a minimal static protein adsorption capacity of 48 mg/cm2 and had excellent anti-fouling properties. When pH = 4, the BSA retention rate was 93% and the LYS retention rate was 23%. Furthermore, it exhibited excellent stability over a pH range of 1–13, confirming its suitability for protein separation applications.

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Dang, Jingchuan, Yatao Zhang, Zhan Du, Haoqin Zhang, and Jindun Liu. "Antibacterial properties of PES/CuCl2 three-bore hollow fiber UF membrane." Water Science and Technology 66, no. 4 (August 1, 2012): 799–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.238.

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In this study, a three-bore polyethersulfone (PES) hollow fiber ultrafiltration (UF) membrane with antibacterial properties was prepared by phase inversion, using PES as the membrane material, N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) as solvent, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and CuCl2 as additives. The effect of CuCl2 content on the water flux and rejection was studied and the antibacterial properties of PES hollow fiber UF membrane were also investigated. The water flux results indicated that the hydrophilic properties of PES UF membranes were improved after adding CuCl2. The rejection of PVA-50000 was expected to drop slightly but remain high above 96%. The membranes showed good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) after adding CuCl2 and the antibacterial rate of PES/CuCl2 UF membranes was close to 100% after running for 48 h. PES hollow fiber UF membranes with antibacterial properties were prepared through the formation of the water-soluble PVP/Cu2+ complex with spatial network structure, which have good antibacterial and hydrophilic properties. Therefore, this study could provide an effective method for membrane antifouling.

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Chen, Yifeng, Jingchuan Dang, Yatao Zhang, Haoqin Zhang, and Jindun Liu. "Preparation and antibacterial property of PES/AgNO3 three-bore hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes." Water Science and Technology 67, no. 7 (April 1, 2013): 1519–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.023.

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In this study, a three-bore polyethersulfone (PES) hollow fiber ultrafiltration (UF) membrane with antibacterial properties was prepared by phase inversion, using PES as the membrane material, N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) as solvent, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and AgNO3 as additives. The silver particles were detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The effect of AgNO3 content on the antibacterial properties and separation performance was studied in detail. The membranes showed good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli after adding AgNO3 and the antibacterial rate of PES/AgNO3 UF membrane with AgNO3 content of 1 wt% could reach 99.9% after running for 48 hours. Moreover, the bovine serum albumin solution filtration results indicated that the PES/AgNO3 membranes had a certain degree of antifouling performance. Therefore, three-bore PES/AgNO3 membranes have a potential application to reduce both bacterial and organic fouling in water treatment.

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Gryta, Marek, Piotr Woźniak, and Sylwia Mozia. "Effects of Alkaline Cleaning Agents on the Long-Term Performance and Aging of Polyethersulfone Ultrafiltration Membranes Applied for Treatment of Car Wash Wastewater." Membranes 14, no. 6 (May 24, 2024): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes14060122.

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The commercial ultrafiltration polyethersulfone (PES) membranes (10 and 100 kDa) blended with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were applied for the filtration of car wash wastewater. Periodical membrane rinsing with water did not prevent fouling and a decrease in permeate flux was observed. Fouling was reduced by washing the membranes with cleaning agents, which are used in car washes to clean wheels and remove insects. In addition to surfactants, these agents contain NaOH, hence the pH value of cleaning solutions was over 11. Long-term contact with such solutions resulted in the removal of PVP from the membrane matrix and an increase in pore size. The PES membranes were soaked in an alkaline solution (pH = 11.5) for 20 months, after which the 200 kDa dextran rejection decreased from 95% to 80%. To compare with the static degradation conditions, 8 weeks of alkaline agent filtration was realized, after which the dextran (200 kDa) rejection decreased below 50%. This indicated that the cross-flow of alkaline agents can accelerate the removal of components building the membrane matrix. Despite membrane degradation, the separation efficiency (the rejection of chemical oxygen demand—COD, turbidity, and surfactants) during the treatment of synthetic car wash wastewater was similar to that obtained for pristine membranes.

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Pellegrin, B., E. Gaudichet-Maurin, and C. Causserand. "Mechano-chemical ageing of PES/PVP ultrafiltration membranes used in drinking water production." Water Supply 13, no. 2 (March 1, 2013): 541–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2013.056.

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In water treatment by microfiltration and ultrafiltration, a major concern is the integrity loss or failure of membrane induced by onsite operations, potentially leading to permeate water contamination. This study aims to provide a better understanding of the phenomena responsible for membrane damage by analyzing its causes and effects. The role of sodium hypochlorite exposure conditions and the impact of mechanical stress on membrane characteristics were investigated. Monitoring of hydraulic response, mechanical properties and the evolution of the chemical structure showed, on multiple scales, strong indications of membrane chemical degradation, involving radical mechanisms, accelerated by tensile stress application.

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Causserand, Christel, Bastien Pellegrin, and Jean-Christophe Rouch. "Effects of sodium hypochlorite exposure mode on PES/PVP ultrafiltration membrane degradation." Water Research 85 (November 2015): 316–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2015.08.028.

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Abdallah, Heba, Tarek S. Jamil, A. M. Shaban, Eman S. Mansor, and Eglal R. Souaya. "Influence of the polyacrylonitrile proportion on the fabricated UF blend membranes’ performance for humic acid removal." Journal of Polymer Engineering 38, no. 2 (February 23, 2018): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2017-0003.

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Abstract Asymmetric blend membranes of polyethersulfone (PES)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) were prepared and developed for ultrafiltration applications. The membranes were prepared by dissolving two polymers in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent with diethylene glycol (DEG) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as non-solvent and pore former, respectively. The produced membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and the hydrophilicity of membranes was tested by contact angle measurements. The performance of prepared membranes was carried out by an ultrafiltration testing unit, where the efficiency of membranes was determined according to the humic acid separation and treated water permeate flux. The results indicated that using 1 wt.% of PAN in polymer mixture provided a blending membrane with high mechanical properties and high performance; the humic acid rejection reached 92.47% with treated water permeate flux 70 l/m2·h at feed pressure 6 bar.

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Irfan, Muhammad, Masooma Irfan, Ani Idris, Abdullah Saad Alsubaie, Khaled H. Mahmoud, Noordin Mohd Yusof, and Naeem Akhtar. "Dual Optimized Sulfonated Polyethersulfone and Functionalized Multiwall Carbon Tube Based Composites High Fouling Resistance Membrane for Protein Separation." Membranes 12, no. 3 (March 16, 2022): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12030329.

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Commercial grade sulfonated-Polyethersulfone (S-PES) and functionalized multiwall carbon nanotube (f-MWCNT)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanocomposites (NCs) were used to enhance and optimize the antifouling, protein resistance and protein separation properties of the S-PES ultrafiltration membranes. The polarities of sulfonic groups of S-PES, carbonyl carbon of pyrrolidone, hydroxyl and carboxyl groups of f-MWCNT in the membrane composition helped to strongly bind each other through hydrogen bonding, as shown by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). These binding forces greatly reduced the leaching of NCs and developed long finger-like projection, as confirmed by elution ratio and cross-sectional studies of the membranes via field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The contact angle was reduced up to 48% more than pristine PES. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was employed to study the various parameters of surface roughness with 3d diagrams, while grain analysis of membrane surface provided a quantitative estimation about volume, area, perimeter, length, radius and diameter. The NCs/S-PES enhanced the flux rate with an impressive (80–84%) flux recovery ratio and (58–62%) reversible resistance (Rr) value in situ, with 60% and 54.4% lesser dynamic and static protein adsorption. The best performing membrane were reported to remove 31.8%, 66.3%, 83.6% and 99.9% for lysozyme-(14.6 kDa), trypsin-(20 kDa), pepsin-(34.6 kDa) and bovine serum albumin (BSA-66 kDa), respectively.

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Pellegrin, Bastien, Romain Prulho, Agnès Rivaton, Sandrine Thérias, Jean-Luc Gardette, Emmanuelle Gaudichet-Maurin, and Christel Causserand. "Multi-scale analysis of hypochlorite induced PES/PVP ultrafiltration membranes degradation." Journal of Membrane Science 447 (November 2013): 287–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2013.07.026.

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Mutlu Salmanli, Öykü, Sevgi Güneş Durak, Güler Türkoğlu Demirkol, and Neşe Tüfekci. "Effect of PVP concentration on prepared PEI membranes for potential use on water treatment: effect of additive on membranes prepared for water treatment." Water Supply 19, no. 7 (June 4, 2019): 2072–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2019.084.

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Abstract In this work, a series of polyetherimide (PEI) flat sheet membranes were produced with different concentrations of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) addition via the phase inversion method. The effects of additions on membrane morphology and performance were investigated. Synthesized membrane had the properties of ultrafiltration membrane. Although PEI is not widely used for water treatment, in this study, the ferrous iron removal rate was investigated and good results were obtained. Through the membrane production experiments, the PEI content was 22 wt%. PVP was added as a pore-forming agent with concentrations of 2, 4 and 8 wt%. N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was used as solvent. Distilled water was used for the coagulation bath. After production, all membranes were characterized by using contact angle, permeability, porosity, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT/IR) analyses. With the increasing doses of PVP addition, the permeability of the PEI membranes produced in this study increased, while porosity results were changeable. The permeability was 23 L/m2h bar for the membrane with 2 wt% PVP content, while the permeability for the membrane with 8 wt% PVP content was 32 L/m2h bar. Contact angles increased with PVP addition to PEI membranes. With the increasing PVP concentration, the finger-like pores and the pores located in the sub-layer expanded.

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Güneş-Durak, Sevgi, Türkan Ormancı-Acar, and Neşe Tüfekci. "Effect of PVP content and polymer concentration on polyetherimide (PEI) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based ultrafiltration membrane fabrication and characterization." Water Science and Technology 2017, no. 2 (March 27, 2018): 329–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2018.142.

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Abstract In this study, four different membranes were fabricated by using polyetherimide and polyacrylonitrile polymers, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) via phase inversion method to improve the membrane performance in fruit juice wastewater (FJWW) treatment. The addition of PVP to the casting solution increased membrane hydrophilicity, water content, contact angle, porosity, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy peaks, membrane thickness, average roughness and viscosity of cast solutions compared to the bare membrane. It can be said that the addition of a lower polymer concentration and PVP intensively increases the pure water flux of the membrane. However, as the flux increased, a small decrease in FJWW rejection was observed.

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Vatsha, Banele, Jane Catherine Ngila, and Richard M. Moutloali. "Preparation of antifouling polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP 40K) modified polyethersulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane for water purification." Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 67-69 (2014): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2013.09.021.

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Meng, Xiao Rong, Liang Zhao, Lei Wang, and Dan Xi Huang. "Anti-Pollution Behavior Analysis of PVDF UF Membrane Added Different Addition to Filter the Secondary Treated Water of Urban Sewage." Advanced Materials Research 374-377 (October 2011): 1076–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.374-377.1076.

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In this study, the poly(vinylidene ﬂuoride) (PVDF) Flat ultrafiltration membrane was prepared the gel phase inversion method using different polymer(PEG,PMMA,PVA,PVP) as addition. The flux attenuation and resistance of membrane used for treating the secondary treated water of Urban sewage were studied by ultraﬁltration (UF) experiments. The influence of addition to the morphology structure and anti-fouling performance of PVDF UF membrane was analyzed.Result show that using PVA and PVP as addition, the PVDF membranes had through macropore structure in cross-section and the appearance of larger macrovoids in the porous substructure,with the lower contact angle, high efficiency producing water percentage, good washing recovery rate. Meanwhile, adding PEG and PMMA in membrane,which was easy to form irreversible plugging hole pollution owing to distribute some teardrop deadend hole.

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Russo, Francesca, Claudia Ursino, Burcu Sayinli, Ismail Koyuncu, Francesco Galiano, and Alberto Figoli. "Advancements in Sustainable PVDF Copolymer Membrane Preparation Using Rhodiasolv® PolarClean As an Alternative Eco-Friendly Solvent." Clean Technologies 3, no. 4 (October 19, 2021): 761–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol3040045.

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In this work, Rhodiasolv® PolarClean was employed as a more sustainable solvent for the preparation of poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) flat sheet membranes via phase inversion technique by coupling vapour induced phase separation (VIPS) and non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) processes. Preliminary calculations based on Hansen solubility parameters well predicted the solubilization of the polymer in the selected solvent. The effect of exposure time on humidity and the influence of polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and sulfonated polyether sulfone (S-PES) on membrane properties and performance, were evaluated. Three different coagulation bath compositions were also explored. The obtained membranes, prepared using a more sustainable approach, were compared with those produced with the traditional toxic solvent N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and characterised in terms of morphology, porosity, wettability, pore size, surface roughness and mechanical resistance. The potential influence of the new solvent on the crystallinity of PVDF-HFP-based membranes was also evaluated by infrared spectroscopy. The adjustment of the parameters investigated allowed tuning of the membrane pore size in the microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) range resulting in membranes with various morphologies. From the water permeability and rejection tests, performed with methylene blue dye, the prepared membranes showed their potentiality to be used in MF and UF applications.

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Sun, Mengping, Yanlei Su, Chunxia Mu, and Zhongyi Jiang. "Improved Antifouling Property of PES Ultrafiltration Membranes Using Additive of Silica−PVP Nanocomposite." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 49, no. 2 (January 20, 2010): 790–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie900560e.

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Pellegrin, Bastien, Fernanda Mezzari, Yamina Hanafi, Anthony Szymczyk, Jean-Christophe Remigy, and Christel Causserand. "Filtration performance and pore size distribution of hypochlorite aged PES/PVP ultrafiltration membranes." Journal of Membrane Science 474 (January 2015): 175–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2014.09.028.

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Gayatri, Rianyza, Ahmad Noor Syimir Fizal, Erna Yuliwati, Md Sohrab Hossain, Juhana Jaafar, Muzafar Zulkifli, Wirach Taweepreda, and Ahmad Naim Ahmad Yahaya. "Preparation and Characterization of PVDF–TiO2 Mixed-Matrix Membrane with PVP and PEG as Pore-Forming Agents for BSA Rejection." Nanomaterials 13, no. 6 (March 12, 2023): 1023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13061023.

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Polymeric membranes offer straightforward modification methods that make industry scaling affordable and easy; however, these materials are hydrophobic, prone to fouling, and vulnerable to extreme operating conditions. Various attempts were made in this study to fix the challenges in using polymeric membranes and create mixed-matrix membrane (MMMs) with improved properties and hydrophilicity by adding titanium dioxide (TiO2) and pore-forming agents to hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). The PVDF mixed-matrix ultrafiltration membranes in this study were made using the non-solvent phase inversion approach which is a simple and effective method for increasing the hydrophilic nature of membranes. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as pore-forming chemicals were created. Pure water flux, BSA flux, and BSA rejection were calculated to evaluate the mixed-matrix membrane’s efficiency. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution was employed in this study to examine the protein rejection ability. Increases in hydrophilicity, viscosity, and flux in pure water and BSA solution were achieved using PVP and PEG additives. The PVDF membrane’s hydrophilicity was raised with the addition of TiO2, showing an increased contact angle to 71°. The results show that the PVDF–PVP–TiO2 membrane achieved its optimum water flux of 97 L/(m2h) while the PVDF–PEG–TiO2 membrane rejected BSA at a rate greater than 97%. The findings demonstrate that use of a support or additive improved filtration performance compared to a pristine polymeric membrane by increasing its hydrophilicity.

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Kusumadewi, Sylvia, and Samuel P. Kusumocahyo. "Development of Ultrafiltration Membrane from Polyethylene Terephthalate (Pet) Bottle Waste." ICONIET PROCEEDING 2, no. 1 (February 12, 2019): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33555/iconiet.v2i1.10.

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Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) bottle is used as beverage packaging, which is very convenient as one time use packaging. However, the huge amount of PET bottle waste has been becoming a serious problem for the environment. The utilization of PET bottle waste is very important to reduce the environmental problem. In this work, PET bottle waste was used a raw material to develop an ultrafiltration (UF) membrane. The membrane was prepared by using a phase inversion technique. The effect of the type of solvent, additive, and non-solvent on the microstructure and ultrafiltration performance of the membrane was studied. Different type of solvent, phenol, m-cresol, and DMSO were used to dissolve PET bottle as the source of membrane polymer. Two different additives, Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) and Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP) were used. Membrane 3 with the composition of PET, phenol as solvent, and PEG as additive was prepared successfully. The variation of aqueous alcohol solutions as non-solvent resulted in different microstructures of the membranes as shown by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The permeation experiment result using pure water as the feed showed that membrane 3 using aqueous butanol as non-solvent (membrane 3-ButOH) exhibited the highest permeate flux compared to that of membrane 3 using aqueous propanol (membrane 3-PrOH) or ethanol as non-solvent (membrane 3-EtOH). The ultrafiltration experiment was carried out using a feed solution of water containing polyethylene glycol (PEG) 20,000. The membrane 3-EtOH showed the lowest permeate flux of 3.24 kg/m h, but the highest rejection of PEG 20,000 of 65.87%. The membrane 3-PrOH had a permeate flux of 11.57 kg/m h and a rejection of 64.73%. Whereas the membrane 3-ButOH showed the highest permeate flux of 27.78 kg/m h, but the lowest rejection 16.93%. This result was obtained due to the different membrane microstructures which were strongly affected by the type of non-solvent.

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Kuzminova, Anna, Mariia Dmitrenko, Roman Dubovenko, Margarita Puzikova, Anna Mikulan, Alexandra Korovina, Aleksandra Koroleva, et al. "Development and Study of Novel Ultrafiltration Membranes Based on Cellulose Acetate." Polymers 16, no. 9 (April 28, 2024): 1236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16091236.

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Recently, increasing attention of researchers in the field of membrane technology has been paid to the development of membranes based on biopolymers. One of the well-proven polymers for the development of porous membranes is cellulose acetate (CA). This paper is devoted to the study of the influence of different parameters on ultrafiltration CA membrane formation and their transport properties, such as the variation in coagulation bath temperature, membrane shrinkage (post-treatment at 80 °C), introduction to casting CA solution of polymers (polyethylene glycol (PEG), polysulfone (PS), and Pluronic F127 (PL)) and carbon nanoparticles (SWCNTs, MWCNTs, GO, and C60). The structural and physicochemical properties of developed membranes were studied by scanning electron and atomic force microscopies, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements. The transport properties of developed CA-based membranes were evaluated in ultrafiltration of bovine serum albumin (BSA), dextran 110 and PVP K-90. All developed membranes rejected 90% compounds with a molecular weight from ~270,000 g/mol. It was shown that the combination of modifications (addition of PEG, PS, PL, PS-PL, and 0.5 wt% C60) led to an increase in the fluxes and BSA rejection coefficients with slight decrease in the flux recovery ratio. These changes were due to an increased macrovoid number, formation of a more open porous structure and/or thinner top selective, and decreased surface roughness and hydrophobization during C60 modification of blend membranes. Optimal transport properties were found for CA-PEG+С60 (the highest water—394 L/(m2h) and BSA—212 L/(m2h) fluxes) and CA-PS+С60 (maximal rejection coefficient of BSA—59%) membranes.

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Jang, Kyunghoon, Thanh-Tin Nguyen, Eunsung Yi, Chang Seong Kim, Soo Wan Kim, and In S. Kim. "Open Pore Ultrafiltration Hollow Fiber Membrane Fabrication Method via Dual Pore Former with Dual Dope Solution Phase." Membranes 12, no. 11 (November 13, 2022): 1140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12111140.

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Hollow-fiber membranes are widely used in various fields of membrane processes because of their numerous properties, e.g., large surface area, high packing density, mass production with uniform quality, obvious end-of-life indicators, and so on. However, it is difficult to control the pores and internal properties of hollow-fiber membranes due to their inherent structure: a hollow inside surrounded by a wall membrane. Herein, we aimed to control pores and the internal structure of hollow-fiber membranes by fabricating a dual layer using a dual nozzle. Two different pore formers, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), were separately prepared in the dope solutions and used for spinning the dual layer. Our results show that nanoscale pores could be formed on the lumen side (26.8–33.2 nm), and the open pores continuously increased in size toward the shell side. Due to robust pore structure, our fabricated membrane exhibited a remarkable water permeability of 296.2 ± 5.7 L/m2·h·bar and an extremely low BSA loss rate of 0.06 ± 0.02%, i.e., a high BSA retention of 99.94%. In consideration of these properties, the studied membranes are well-suited for use in either water treatment or hemodialysis. Overall, our membranes could be considered for the latter application with a high urea clearance of 257.6 mL/min, which is comparable with commercial membranes.

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Borneman, Z. "Selective removal of polyphenols and brown colour in apple juices using PES/PVP membranes in a single-ultrafiltration process." Journal of Membrane Science 134, no. 2 (October 29, 1997): 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0376-7388(97)00105-1.

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Borneman, Z. "Selective removal of polyphenols and brown colour in apple juices using PES/PVP membranes in a single ultrafiltration process." Separation and Purification Technology 22-23, no. 1-2 (March 1, 2001): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1383-5866(00)00142-8.

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Russo, Francesca, Tiziana Marino, Francesco Galiano, Lassaad Gzara, Amalia Gordano, Hussam Organji, and Alberto Figoli. "Tamisolve® NxG as an Alternative Non-Toxic Solvent for the Preparation of Porous Poly (Vinylidene Fluoride) Membranes." Polymers 13, no. 15 (August 3, 2021): 2579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13152579.

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Tamisolve® NxG, a well-known non-toxic solvent, was used for poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes preparation via a non-solvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) procedure with water as a coagulation bath. Preliminary investigations, related to the study of the physical/chemical properties of the solvent, the solubility parameters, the gel transition temperature and the viscosity of the polymer–solvent system, confirmed the power of the solvent to solubilize PVDF polymer for membranes preparation. The role of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and/or poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), as pore former agents in the dope solution, was studied along with different polymer concentrations (10 wt%, 15 wt% and 18 wt%). The produced membranes were then characterized in terms of morphology, thickness, porosity, contact angle, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Pore size measurements, pore size distribution and water permeability (PWP) tests placed the developed membranes in the ultrafiltration (UF) and microfiltration (MF) range. Finally, PVDF membrane performances were investigated in terms of rejection (%) and permeability recovery ratio (PRR) using methylene blue (MB) in water solution to assess their potential application in separation and purification processes.

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Bajaj, Pooja, Albin Berzinis, Rachel Halbfinger, Carl Strom, Lars Peters, Matthias Wessling, and Naomi Kotwal. "From Flat Membranes to Fabrication of Hollow Spun Fibers of Polyethersulfone/ Polyvinylpyrillidone (PES/PVP) - Correlative Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), 3-D X ray Microscopy and Ultrafiltration Properties." Microscopy and Microanalysis 21, S3 (August 2015): 319–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927615002391.

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Wai, Kok Poh, Chai Hoon Koo, Yean Ling Pang, Woon Chan Chong, and Woei Jye Lau. "Synthesizing Ag/PDA/PES Antibacterial Membrane for Natural Organic Molecules Removal." E3S Web of Conferences 65 (2018): 05023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186505023.

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Silver nanoparticles (NP) was successfully immobilized on polydopamine (PDA) supported polyethersulfone (PES) membrane via a redox reaction. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was added into membrane dope solution as a pore-forming agent. Four pieces of membranes (M1, M2, M3 and M4) were fabricated with different active layer coatings to compare their morphological and performance properties. The differences between each sample were highlighted as follow: M1 (pristine PES), M2 (PES+PVP), M3 (PDA/PES+PVP) and M4 (Ag/PDA/PES+PVP). All membranes were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and contact angle analysis. The membrane performance was examined using pure water permeability (PWP) test, antibacterial test and humic acid (HA) rejection test. Pristine M1 membrane showed that PWP of 27.16 LMH/bar and HA rejection of 84 %. In this study, it was found that the addition of PVP as a pore agent into the membrane M2 increased water flux but slightly deteriorated HA rejection. Coating of PDA on M3 and immobilizing silver NP on M4 membrane surface have improved HA rejection but compromised PWP. The results showed that membrane M4 carried excellent antibacterial property and highest HA rejection among all fabricated membranes.

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Junaidi, Nurul Fattin Diana, Nur Hidayati Othman, Munawar Zaman Shahruddin, Nur Hashimah Alias, Woe Jye Lau, and Ahmad Fauzi Ismail. "Effect of graphene oxide (GO) and polyvinylpyrollidone (PVP) additives on the hydrophilicity of composite polyethersulfone (PES) membrane." Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 15, no. 3 (June 25, 2019): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v15n3.1209.

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Membrane based separation system is considered as a promising technology to purify water, owing to its simplicity and efficiency in operation. However, the application is limited by membrane fouling, which can lead to the declination of water flux and premature failure of membrane. The fouling can be controlled through membrane surface modification by blending hydrophilic materials during the casting solution preparation. Polyethersulfone (PES) membrane is naturally hydrophobic due to lack of oxygen functional group, which limits its application in the filtration of water. Therefore, modification of PES-based membranes is required. In this work, modification of the PES membrane was carried out by incorporating carbon-based nanomaterials (graphene oxide (GO)) and a well-known organic polymer (polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)). The effect of each additive toward the hydrophilicity of composite PES membrane was then investigated. GO was synthesized using modified Hummers method due to its simpler and shorter process. Each additive was added during the casting solution preparation and the amount added was varied from 0.5 to 1.0 wt%. The resultant composite PES membranes were characterized using XRD, FTIR and TGA prior to hydrophilicity and pure water flux (PWF) measurement. It was observed that the additives (PVP and GO) have significantly affected the membranes hydrophilicity, resulting in lower contact angle and higher pure water flux. The highest value of PWF (230 L/m2.h) with lowest contact angle (42 °) were observed for PES-1.0GOPVP membrane due to high amount of GO and PVP. Improved PWF performance of composite PES-1.0GOPVP membrane was attributed to the better dispersibility of the PVP and GO and increased surface hydrophilicity of the modified composite membranes. This study indicated that PVP and GO are effective modifiers to enhance the performance of PES membrane

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Ma, Feng, Yu Zhong Zhang, Xiao Li Ding, Li Gang Lin, and Hong Li. "Preparation and Characterization of PES/SPSF Blend Ultrafiltration Membrane." Advanced Materials Research 221 (March 2011): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.221.37.

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Polyethersulfone(PES)/Sulfonated polysulfone(SPSF) blend ultrafiltration membranes at different SPSF contents were prepared using a phase inversion technique. The morphological structures of PES/SPSF blend ultrafiltration membranes with different sulfonation degree were characterized using SEM. The results shown that the PES/SPSF blend ultrafiltration membranes had good retention to PEG1000 (99.8%) and high water permeate flux (27.2Lm-2h-1) at 0.1MPa.

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Han, Mei, Qiang Liu, Baihai Su, Shudong Sun, and Changsheng Zhao. "Bioinspired Polyethersulfone Membrane Design via Blending with Functional Polyurethane." International Journal of Polymer Science 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2158124.

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Polyurethanes (PUs) are currently considered to be biocompatible materials but limited by a low resistance to thrombus. We therefore design a heparin-like PU (HLPU) to modify polyethersulfone (PES) membranes approaching integrated antifouling and antithrombotic properties by bioinspiration of heparin structure. Poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)-HLPU (PVP-HLPU) was synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization of VP using PU as a macroinitiator and then sulfonated by concentrated H2SO4. FTIR and NMR results demonstrated the successful synthesis of PVP-HLPU. By incorporation of PVP-HLPU, the cross-sectional structure of PES composite membranes altered from finger-like structure to sponge-like structure resulting in tunable permeability. The increased hydrophilicity verified by water contact angles benefited both the permeability and antifouling property. As a consequence, the composite membranes showed good blood compatibility, including decreased protein adsorption, suppressed platelet adhesion, lowered thrombin-antithrombin III generation, reduced complement activation, and prolonged clotting times. Interestingly, the PVP-capped HLPU showed better blood compatibility compared to polyethyleneglycol-capped and citric acid-capped HLPUs. The results demonstrated the enhanced antifouling and antithrombotic properties of PES hemodialysis membranes by the introduction of functional HLPUs. Also, the proposed method may forward the fabrication of hemocompatible membranes via bioinspired surface design.

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Wu, Haiyan, Ling Wang, Wentao Xu, Zehai Xu, and Guoliang Zhang. "Preparation of a CAB−GO/PES Mixed Matrix Ultrafiltration Membrane and Its Antifouling Performance." Membranes 13, no. 2 (February 17, 2023): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13020241.

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Serious membrane fouling has limited the development of ultrafiltration membrane technology for water purification. Synthesis of an ultrafiltration membrane with prominent anti-fouling ability is of vital importance. In this study, CAB−GO composite nanosheets were prepared by grafting graphene oxide (GO) with a zwitterionic material cocamidopropyl betaine (CAB) with strong antifouling properties. Anti-fouling CAB−GO/PES mixed matrix ultrafiltration membrane (CGM) was prepared by the phase inversion method with polyethersulfone (PES). Due to its electrostatic interaction, the interlayer distance between CAB−GO nanosheets was increased, and the dispersibility of GO was improved to large extent, thereby effectively avoiding the phenomenon of GO agglomeration in organic solvents. Based on the improvement of the surface porosity and surface hydrophilicity of the CAB−GO/PES mixed matrix membrane, the pure water flux of CGM−1.0 can reach 461 L/(m2·h), which was 2.5 times higher than that of the original PES membrane, and the rejection rates toward BSA and HA were above 96%. Moreover, when the content of CAB−GO was 0.1 wt%, the prepared CAB−GO/PES membrane exhibited very high BSA (99.1%) and HA (98.1%) rejection during long-term operation, indicating excellent anti-fouling ability.

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Prihandana, Gunawan Setia, Sayed Sulthan Maulana, Rahmat Santoso Soedirdjo, Venni Tanujaya, Desak Made Adya Pramesti, Tutik Sriani, Mohd Fadzil Jamaludin, Farazila Yusof, and Muslim Mahardika. "Preparation and Characterization of Polyethersulfone/Activated Carbon Composite Membranes for Water Filtration." Membranes 13, no. 12 (December 12, 2023): 906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13120906.

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Ultrafiltration membrane technology holds promise for wastewater treatment, but its widespread application is hindered by fouling and flux reduction issues. One effective strategy for enhancing ultrafiltration membranes involves incorporating activated carbon powder. In this study, composite polyethersulfone (PES) ultrafiltration membranes were fabricated to include activated carbon powder concentrations between 0 and 1.5 wt.%, with carbon size fixed at 200 mesh. The ultrafiltration membranes were evaluated in terms of membrane morphology, hydrophilicity, pure water flux, equilibrium water content, porosity, average pore size, protein separation, and E-coli bacteria removal. It was found that the addition of activated carbon to PES membranes resulted in improvements in some key properties. By incorporating activated carbon powder, the hydrophilicity of PES membranes was enhanced, lowering the contact angle from 60° to 47.3° for composite membranes (1.0 wt.% of activated carbon) compared to the pristine PES membrane. Water flux tests showed that the 1.0 wt.% composite membrane yielded the highest flux, with an improvement of nearly double the initial value at 2 bar, without compromising bovine serum albumin rejection or bacterial removal capabilities. This study also found that the inclusion of activated carbon had a minor impact on the membrane’s porosity and equilibrium water content. Overall, these insights will be beneficial in determining the optimal concentration of activated carbon powder for PES ultrafiltration membranes.

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Arahman, Nasrul, Cut Meurah Rosnelly, Diki Sukma Windana, Afrillia Fahrina, Silmina Silmina, Teuku Maimun, Sri Mulyati, et al. "Antimicrobial Hydrophilic Membrane Formed by Incorporation of Polymeric Surfactant and Patchouli Oil." Polymers 13, no. 22 (November 9, 2021): 3872. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13223872.

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Membrane properties are highly affected by the composition of the polymer solutions that make up the membrane material and their influence in the filtration performance on the separation or purification process. This paper studies the effects of the addition of pluronic (Plu) and patchouli oil (PO) in a polyethersulfone (PES) solution on the membrane morphology, membrane hydrophilicity, and filtration performance in the pesticide removal compound in the water sample. Three types of membranes with the composition of PES, PES + Plu, and PES + Plu + patchouli oil were prepared through a polymer phase inversion technique in an aqueous solvent. The resulting membranes were then analyzed and tested for their mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, antimicrobial properties, and filtration performance (cross-flow ultrafiltration). The results show that all of the prepared membranes could reject 75% of the pesticide. The modification of the PES membrane with Plu was shown to increase the overall pore size by altering the pore morphology of the pristine PES, which eventually increased the permeation flux of the ultrafiltration process. Furthermore, patchouli oil added antimicrobial properties, potentially minimizing the biofilm formation on the membrane surface.

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Mohamad, Siti Hawa, M. I. Idris, and Hasan Zuhudi Abdullah. "Preparation of Polyethersulfone Ultrafiltration Membrane Surface Coated with TiO₂Nanoparticles and Irradiated under UV Light." Key Engineering Materials 594-595 (December 2013): 877–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.594-595.877.

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This paper focuses on performance of polyethersulfone (PES) ultrafiltration membrane coated with titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles and irradiated with UV light. The flat sheet membrane was prepared via phase inversion method, with two types of membrane; TiO2 coated PES membrane and UV irradiated TiO2 coated PES membrane. TiO2 suspension with concentration of 0.01, 0.03 and 0.05 wt.% were prepared and coated on the PES surface via dip coating. Membrane was immersed in all suspension for 15 minutes and 30 minutes. Then, prepared coated membranes were irradiated by 184 Watts UV lamp for 15 minutes. The performance of membranes was examined by permeation of humic acid. The morphology of membranes was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was revealed that the pure water flux and humic acid permeation of UV irradiated TiO2 coated membrane was higher than TiO2 coated membrane. It can be concluded that TiO2 coated with 0.03 wt.% of suspension, 30 minutes and 15 minutes UV irradiation with 184 Watt light were determined as the optimum conditions for preparation ultrafiltration PES membrane.

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Widiyanti, Silvia, Mita Nurhayati, Hendrawan Hendrawan, Boon Seng Ooi, and Fitri Khoerunnisa. "Synthesis and Characterization of PES/PEG/PVA/SiO2 Nanocomposite Ultrafiltration Membrane." Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites 2, no. 2 (October 30, 2023): 111–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.55043/jfpc.v2i2.120.

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This study aims to synthesis and characterize PES/PEG/PVA/SiO2 composite membranes. The composite membranes were synthesized by phase inversion method with composition (% w/w) Polyethersulfone/ PES (17.25), Polyvinylalcohol/ PVA (3.58; 0.85; 1.43; 2.57; 3.57, Polyethylene glycol/ PEG (3.72), Silica/SiO2 (0.35; 0.85; 1.43; 2.57; 3.57), and Dimethyl acetamide/DMAc solvent. Composite membranes were characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and water contact angle. The results showed that the interaction between PES, PVA, and SiO2 was indicated by a shift in the typical absorption spectrum of the FTIR. SEM cross-sectional photos showed that the addition of PVA and SiO2 caused significant changes in the morphology and pore structure of the PES membrane. The results of the X-ray diffractogram (X-Ray) showed a shift in the typical diffraction peaks of PES, PEG, PVA and the presence of new diffraction peaks of SiO2. The crystallinity of the membrane increased from 34.99% to 57.25% which indicated that the composite membrane was successfully synthesized. The addition of PEG/PVA/SiO2 also increased the hydrophilicity of the composite membrane. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the PES/PEG/PVA/SiO2 composite membrane has been synthesized through the phase inversion method with the optimum composition of PES: PEG: PVA: SiO2 was 17.25%: 3.72%: 0.85%: 0.35%, respectively. The addition of PEG/PVA/SiO2 increased the hydrophilicity and modified the morphological structure of the PES membrane.

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Syahputri, G. A., U. Santoso, and Supriyanto. "Ultrafiltration for the separation of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase and its effect on physicochemical and antioxidant properties of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) water." Food Research 5, no. 4 (July 25, 2021): 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.5(4).013.

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Coconut water is a nutritious, natural, and refreshing drink. However, a challenge for the coconut water industry is its fast deterioration caused by naturally occurring enzymes mainly polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD). This study aimed to separate the PPO and POD using ultrafiltration and to evaluate its effect on the physicochemical properties and antioxidant attributes of tender and mature coconut water. The membrane used was polyethersulfone (PES) with two molecular weight cut-offs, namely 30 kDa (PES 30) and 50 kDa (PES 50) and conducted in a vacuum filter unit. The results showed that ultrafiltration with PES 30 completely separated the POD activity of both tender and mature coconut water. The ultrafiltration was also able to separate 86.07% PPO activity of tender coconut water and 100% separation on mature coconut water. While PES 50 could separate 49.60% PPO activity in tender coconut water. The ultrafiltration process also increased the clarity of mature coconut water and maintained the total sugar, sodium, and potassium contents in both maturities. However, ultrafiltration using these membrane types reduced total phenolic content and radical scavenging activity. In conclusion, this study revealed that ultrafiltration can remove the oxidative enzymes to extend the shelf life against oxidation deterioration. Further studies should be conducted to investigate the separation of enzymes without high significance loss of polyphenols, antioxidants, and nutritional properties

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Md Zain, Masniroszaime, and Abdul Wahab Mohammad. "Clarification of Glucose from Cellulose Hydrolysate by Ultrafiltration with Polyethersulfone Membrane." International Journal of Biomass and Renewables 5, no. 1 (June 18, 2016): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.61762/ijbrvol5iss1art13916.

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Ultrafiltration was used to clarify glucose from cellulose hydrolysate using polyethersulfone (PES) membrane. The flux behavior of PES membrane was studied in concentrating glucose from cellulose hydrolysate during dead end ultrafiltration in different pH of solutions and Kumar’s model was applied to analyse the fouling mechanism. The permeation of glucose achieved more than 93% for all the different pH solution. The permeate flux decreased over time as a result of membrane fouling. The minimum fouling was obtained at pH solution above the IEP due to protein-protein and membrane-protein repulsions alleviating aggregation and fouling. Cake formation blocking was identified as the dominant mechanism for flux decline. Keywords: glucose, enzyme hydrolysis, lignocellulosic biomass, ultrafiltration, polyethersulfone

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Yang, Eunmok, Shinyun Park, Yeji Kim, Numan Yanar, and Heechul Choi. "Fabrication and Investigation of Acid Functionalized CNT Blended Nanocomposite Hollow Fiber Membrane for High Filtration and Antifouling Performance in Ultrafiltration Process." Membranes 13, no. 1 (January 5, 2023): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13010070.

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In this study, we fabricated a nanocomposite polyethersulfone (PES) HF membrane by blending acid functionalized carbon nanotubes (FCNT) to address the issue of reduced membrane life, increased energy consumption, and operating costs due to low permeability and membrane fouling in the ultrafiltration process. Additionally, we investigated the effect of FCNT blending on the membrane in terms of the physicochemical properties of the membrane and the filtration and antifouling performance. The FCNT/PES nanocomposite HF membrane exhibited increased water permeance from 110.1 to 194.3 LMH/bar without sacrificing rejection performance and increased the flux recovery ratio from 89.0 to 95.4%, compared to a pristine PES HF membrane. This study successfully developed a high filtration and antifouling polymer-based HF membrane by blending FCNT. Furthermore, it was validated that blending FCNT into the membrane enhances the filtration and antifouling performance in the ultrafiltration process.

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Ghadhban, Maryam Y., Hasan Shaker Majdi, Khalid T. Rashid, Qusay F. Alsalhy, D. Shanthana Lakshmi, Issam K. Salih, and Alberto Figoli. "Removal of Dye from a Leather Tanning Factory by Flat-Sheet Blend Ultrafiltration (UF) Membrane." Membranes 10, no. 3 (March 18, 2020): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes10030047.

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In this work, a flat-sheet blend membrane was fabricated by a traditional phase inversion method, using the polymer blends poly phenyl sulfone (PPSU) and polyether sulfone (PES) for the ultrafiltration (UF) application. It was hypothesized that adding PES to the PPSU polymer blend would improve the properties of the PPSU membrane. The effect of the PES concentration on the blend membrane properties was investigated extensively. The characteristics of PPSU-PES blend membranes were investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle measure, and contaminant (dye) elimination efficiency. This study showed that PES clearly affected the structural formation of the blended membranes. A considerable increase in the average roughness (about 93%) was observed with the addition of 4% PES, with a higher mean pore size accompanied by a rise in the pores’ density on the surface of the membrane. The addition of up to 4% PES had a significant influence on the hydrophilic character of the PPSU-PES membrane, by lowering the value of the contact angle (CA) (i.e., to 56.9°). The performance of the PPSU-PES composite membranes’ UF performance was systematically investigated, and the membrane pure water permeability (PWP) was enhanced by 25% with the addition of 4% PES. The best separation removal factor achieved in the current investigation for dye (Drupel Black NT) was 96.62% for a PPSU-PES (16:4 wt./wt.%) membrane with a 50% feed dye concentration.

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Hou, Qin, Xiao Li Ding, Yu Zhong Zhang, Li Gang Lin, and Hong Li. "Preparation and Characterization of Low MWCO PES/SPSF Blend Ultrafiltration Membrane." Advanced Materials Research 548 (July 2012): 87–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.548.87.

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The polyethersulfone/sulfonated polysolfone (PES/SPSF) blend ultrafiltration (UF) membranes with excellent performance were prepared by immersion phase inversion technique. The effects of degree of sulfonation (DS) of SPSF, PES/SPSF ratio, temperature of coagulation bath on the membrane porosity, pure water flux and rejection of PEG were investigated. The results show that the membrane performance with low molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) is excellent when the SPSF with 30% DS is added and the blending ratio of PES/SPSF is 4/1. The temperature of coagulation bath affects the structure of the membrane.

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Lubis, M. R., S. Suraiya, F. Fazira, A. N. H. Dasmara, Z. Zuhra, A. Muhammad, M. H. Hidayat, et al. "Fabrication of polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membrane for reducing organic compounds in water." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1183, no. 1 (May 1, 2023): 012065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1183/1/012065.

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Abstract Research has been carried out on hydrophobic membranes based on polyethersulfone (PES) polymers using Mg(OH)2 additives. PES membranes are made by blending polymers using Mg(OH)2 additive because structurally bound OH groups play an important role. In addition, Mg(OH)2 is also cheap and easy to obtain and non-toxic. This study aims to improve the performance of PES membranes, by studying the effect of adding Mg(OH)2 additives into the membrane system which was evaluated by analyzing changes in surface shape using scanning electron microscope, changes in chemical structure using ATR-FTIR, membrane porosity, and membrane mechanical properties. The performance of the membrane being reviewed is water permeability testing and rejection of organic compounds. The results of SEM photos showed that the addition of additives affects changes in the membrane structure, where large macrovoids formed on the modified membrane decreases the tensile strength of the membrane. Additives also increases the porosity of the membrane in the range of 12–40%. The addition of additives also leads to an increase in membrane performance, with a higher permeability of 56.4 L/m2·h·bar with 65% rejection. These findings indicate that PES ultrafiltration membrane with Mg(OH)2 additive can be used to reduce organic compounds in water.

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Sriani, Tutik, Budi Arifvianto, Ario Sunar Baskoro, Yudan Whulanza, Farazila Yusof, Gunawan Setia Prihandana, and Muslim Mahardika. "Easy Fabrication of Ultrafiltration Membrane via Polyethersulfone-Fumed Silica." Applied Sciences 14, no. 16 (August 19, 2024): 7290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14167290.

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This study investigated the effect of low-concentration fumed silica (FS) in polyethersulfone (PES) membranes. The PES/FS blend membrane was fabricated using a wet phase inversion technique as a flat sheet membrane. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed improved pore connectivity and rounder middle structures due to the addition of fumed silica. The experimental results indicated that the fabricated membranes fell within the ultrafiltration range, with pure water flux increasing as fumed silica concentration rose. The pure water flux improved by 64% compared to the native PES membrane. Furthermore, the blend membranes exhibited better selectivity, rejecting pepsin and lysozyme 11% and 19% more efficiently, respectively. Although the low concentration of fumed silica had minimal impact on the water contact angles of the membrane surface, all membranes demonstrated hydrophilicity. This cost-effective approach enhances permeability while maintaining separation characteristics, making it suitable for clean water applications.

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Liu, Xiao Mian, Zong Hua Wang, Bing Yu, Hai Lin Cong, Xiu Ling Gao, and Xin Yu Guo. "PMMA Modified PVDF Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration Membranes." Advanced Materials Research 465 (February 2012): 229–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.465.229.

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Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) modified poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes were prepared by wet spinning method using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as pore-foaming agent and mixture of dimethyl formamide (DMF)/methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) as solvent. The effects of PVDF, PMMA, PVP, and solvent ratios in the spinning solution on the permeation properties of the formed membranes were studied. The results showed that the performance of the membrane is the best with a pure water flux of 117 L/m2•h and rejection rate of 82% to bovine serum albumin (BSA), when the concentrations of PVDF, PMMA, PVP, DMF and MEK are 17, 3, 3, 60 and 17 wt%, respectively.

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Abdullah, Mohd Amirul Mukmin, Nur Aisyah Shafie, Mazrul Nizam Abu Seman, and Syamsul B. Abdullah. "Performance Evaluation of Forward Osmosis Membranes for Desalination Applications." Chiang Mai Journal of Science 51, no. 2 (March 29, 2024): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2024.026.

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Forward osmosis (FO) has become a technology with great potential for numerous applications, including water desalination. One of the critical factors in determining the FO performance is the selection of the appropriate membrane material that compatible with draw solution. In this study, commercial cellulose triacetate (CTA) and aquaporin-based membranes, as well as a fabricated PES/PVP membrane, were used, with 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Bmim][BF4]) as the thermo-responsive ionic liquid (TRIL) draw solution. The bench scale of FO system was setup upon co-currently flow rate of 60.0 mL/ min at room temperature. The 7 % PVP with 15 % PES had the best performance, with the highest water flux (Jw) (4.93 LMH), lowest reverse solute diffusion (RSD) (0.43 gMH). The fabricated membrane demonstrated a significantly higher performance compared to the commercial aquaporin-based FO membrane, with an improvement of approximately 60%.

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Dzihninafira, Haifa, Abd Mujahid Hamdan, and Fachrul Razi. "Microplastic Removal in Krueng Aceh River Water Using Ultrafiltration Membrane from Polyethersulfone Polymer (PES)." IJCA (Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis) 6, no. 2 (September 1, 2023): 151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.20885/ijca.vol6.iss2.art7.

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The Company's input pipes contained microplastics, per the preliminary test findings. While the water yield produced by PDAM Tirta Daroy contains 150 particles/L, the Tirta Daroy Drinking Water Area has 275 particles/L. Microplastics found in the water pose a major risk to living beings if they are consumed. This work aims to characterize the properties, flux, and polyethersulfone (PES) membrane rejection coefficient, which were made utilizing the phase inversion technique with a solvent and additives called N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). In Sungai Krueng Aceh, titanium dioxide (TiO2) is utilized to filter out microplastics from the water. Results of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) examination of Membrane Morphology demonstrate that the resulting membrane is an asymmetrical membrane of two layers, the upper layer relatively thin and the lower layer porous. When compared to the PES membrane when it was 15% DMF/TiO2, the 20% DMF/TiO2 membrane exhibits a finger-like cross-sectional structure called a macrovoid) with more and larger numbers. Analysis of the microplastic rejection coefficients proved the effectiveness of PES, DMF, and TiO2 membranes in removing microplastics. Results of tests on the effectiveness of rejecting microplastics after undergoing process filtration with a microplastic rejection coefficient of 94% and 14.2 particles/L utilizing a 20% PES/DMF/TiO2 membrane Performance of PES membranes: The PES membrane with 20% DMF/TiO2 has a water flux of 0.467 L/m2.hour compared to 15% DMF/TiO2 0.733 L/m2.hour. This study's findings on membrane Ultrafiltration have the potential to be used as a water filter standard in PDAM.

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Wang, Mingming, Feiyun Sun, Haojie Zeng, Xiaoli Su, Guofei Zhou, Hao Liu, and Dingyu Xing. "Modified Polyethersulfone Ultrafiltration Membrane for Enhanced Antifouling Capacity and Dye Catalytic Degradation Efficiency." Separations 9, no. 4 (April 4, 2022): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations9040092.

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Catalytic membranes, as a combination of heterogeneous advanced oxidation and membrane technology reaction systems, have important application prospects in the treatment of dyes and other organics. In practical applications, it is still challenging to construct catalytic membranes with excellent removal efficiency and fouling mitigation. Herein, molybdenum disulfide-iron oxyhydroxide (MoS2-FeOOH) was fabricated using iron oxide and MoS2 nanoflakes, which were synthesized by the hydrothermal method. Furthermore, by changing the concentration of MoS2-FeOOH, the MoS2-FeOOH/polyethersulfone (PES) composite ultrafiltration membrane was obtained with improved hydrophilicity, permeability, and antifouling capacity. The pure water flux of the composite membrane reached 385.3 L/(m2·h), which was 1.7 times that of the blank PES membrane. Compared with the blank membrane, with the increase of MoS2-FeOOH content, the MoS2-FeOOH/PES composite membranes had better adsorption capacity and catalytic performance, and the membrane with 3.0% MoS2-FeOOH content (M4) could be achieved at a 60.2% methylene blue (MB) degradation rate. In addition, the membrane flux recovery ratio (FRR) of the composite membrane also increased from 25.6% of blank PES membrane (M0) to more than 70% after two cycles of bovine serum albumin (BSA) filtration and hydraulic cleaning. The membrane with 2.25% MoS2-FeOOH content (M3) had the best antifouling performance, with the largest FRR and the smallest irreversible ratio (Rir). Catalytic self-cleaning of the composite membrane M3 recovered 95% of the initial flux with 0.1 mol/L H2O2 cleaning. The MoS2-FeOOH/PES composite membranes with the functions of excellent rejection and antifouling capacity have a good prospect in the treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater composed of soluble dyes.

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Asif Khan, Raja Muhammad, Nasir M. Ahmad, Habib Nasir, Azhar Mahmood, Mudassir Iqbal, and Hussnain A. Janjua. "Antifouling and Water Flux Enhancement in Polyethersulfone Ultrafiltration Membranes by Incorporating Water-Soluble Cationic Polymer of Poly [2-(Dimethyl amino) ethyl Methacrylate]." Polymers 15, no. 13 (June 29, 2023): 2868. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15132868.

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Novel ultrafiltration (UF) polymer membranes were prepared to enhance the antifouling features and filtration performance. Several ultrafiltration polymer membranes were prepared by incorporating different concentrations of water-soluble cationic poly [2-(dimethyl amino) ethyl methacrylate] (PDMAEMA) into a homogenous casting solution of polyethersulfone (PES). After adding PDMAEMA, the effects on morphology, hydrophilicity, thermal stability, mechanical strength, antifouling characteristics, and filtration performance of these altered blended membranes were investigated. It was observed that increasing the quantity of PDMAEMA in PES membranes in turn enhanced surface energy, hydrophilicity, and porosity of the membranes. These new modified PES membranes, after the addition of PDMAEMA, showed better filtration performance by having increased water flux and a higher flux recovery ratio (FRR%) when compared with neat PES membranes. For the PES/PDMAEMA membrane, pure water flux with 3.0 wt.% PDMAEMA and 0.2 MPa pressure was observed as (330.39 L·m−2·h−1), which is much higher than that of the neat PES membrane with the value of (163.158 L·m−2·h−1) under the same conditions. Furthermore, the inclusion of PDMAEMA enhanced the antifouling capabilities of PES membranes. The total fouling ratio (TFR) of the fabricated PES/PDMAEMA membranes with 3.0 wt.% PDMAEMA at 0.2 MPa applied pressure was 36 percent, compared to 64.9 percent for PES membranes.

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Chen, Yuliang, Libo Ba, Yini He, and Xuesong Yi. "Removal Efficiency of Sulfapyridine from Contaminated Surface Water by Carboxylated Graphene Oxide Blended PVDF Composite Ultrafiltration Membrane with Activated Carbon." Polymers 14, no. 21 (November 7, 2022): 4779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14214779.

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In this study, sulfapyridine (SPY), an antibiotic that is less commonly treated by membrane filtration techniques but is frequently detected in the aqueous environment and at higher concentrations than other detected antibiotics, was selected for investigation. A composite ultrafiltration membrane for the removal of sulfapyridine (SPY) antibiotics from water was fabricated using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and carboxyl-functionalized graphene oxide (CFGO) as additives. The changes in retention rate and pure water flux of sulfapyridine by the composite ultrafiltration membrane were investigated by changing the ratios of the prepared ultrafiltration membrane materials under the conditions of low-pressure operation to explore the optimal experimental conditions. The results showed that the addition of PVP and CFGO significantly increased the number of membrane pores and their pore size. The addition of CFGO in the membrane significantly improved the hydrophilicity of the membrane. The contact angle decreased from 83.7 to 31.6°. Compared to ordinary PVDF ultrafiltration membranes, the membrane’s pure water flux increased nearly three times to 2612.95 L/(m2·h). The removal rate of SPY was 56.26% under the optimal conditions. When the composite ultrafiltration membrane was combined with activated carbon, the removal rate of SPY was 92.67%, which was nine times higher than that of activated carbon alone. At this time, the flux of the composite membrane was 2610.23 L/(m2·h). This study proposes a simple, efficient, and low production cost solution for the removal of sulfapyridine from water.

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Bai, Yang, Zhen Liu, and Dao Bao Sun. "Preparation and Performance of Polysulfone Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration Membranes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 457-458 (October 2013): 309–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.457-458.309.

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Polysulfone (PSF) hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes were successfully prepared by dry-wet spinning technology. Dimethylacetamide (DMAC) was used as a solvent, water was used as bore liquid and coagulation bath, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used as polymeric additive. The effects of spinning conditions on membrane structures and properties were investigated in present study. The results indicated that with the increase of PVP concentration, pure water flux increased and developed finger-like pores were formed. High coagulation bath temperature restricted pure water flux, 30°C was the best for the preparation of high-performance ultrafiltration membranes. When the air length was 11cm, the membrane comprehensive performance was the best.

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Yamashita, Akihiro C., Toshiki Kakee, Takahisa Ono, Jun Motegi, Satoru Yamaguchi, and Takashi Sunohara. "Semi-Quantitative Evaluation of Asymmetricity of Dialysis Membrane Using Forward and Backward Ultrafiltration." Membranes 12, no. 6 (June 15, 2022): 624. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12060624.

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Performance of the dialysis membrane is strongly dependent upon the physicochemical structure of the membrane. The objective of this study is to devise a new in vitro evaluation technique to quantify the physicochemical structures of the membrane. Three commercial dialyzers with cellulose triacetate (CTA), asymmetric CTA (termed ATA®), and polyether sulfone (PES) membranes (Nipro Co., Osaka, Japan) were employed for investigation. Forward and backward ultrafiltration experiments were performed separately with aqueous vitamin B12 (MW 1355), α-chymotrypsin (MW 25,000), albumin (MW 66,000) and dextran solutions, introducing the test solution inside or outside the hollow fiber (HF), respectively. Sieving coefficients (s.c.) for these solutes were measured under the test solution flow rate of 200 mL/min and the ultrafiltration rate of 10 mL/min at 310 K, according to the guidelines provided by Japanese academic societies. We defined the ratio of s.c. in the backward ultrafiltration to that in the forward ultrafiltration and termed it the index for asymmetricity (IA). The IA values were unity for vitamin B12 and α-chymotrypsin in all three of the dialyzers. The IA values for albumin, however, were 1.0 in CTA, 1.9 in ATA®, and 3.9 in PES membranes, respectively, which corresponded well with the fact that CTA is homogeneous, whereas ATA® and PES are asymmetrical in structure. Moreover, the asymmetricity of ATA® and PES may be different by twofold. This fact was verified in continuous basis by employing dextran solution before and after being fouled with albumin. These findings may contribute to the development of a novel membrane for improved success of dialysis therapy.

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Journal articles on the topic 'PES/PVP Ultrafiltration membrane'

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