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Sydow, André, and Gustav Wicklén. "Persuasive design ikontexten e-handel : Persuasive Systems Design-modellen som verktyg för utvärdering av Persuasive design-element inom området e-handel." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-29697.
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In this paper, we examine the persuasive design in e-commerce. This is an area with a strong representation of the design elements that can be classified as persuasive (Alhammand & Gulliver, 2014). Despite this, the spread of studies investigating persuasive design elements in e-commerce basically non-existent. We use the PSD model (Oinas-Kukkonen & Harjumaa, 2009) to identify the presence of persuasive design element on four e-commerce sites through quantitative mapping. The quantitative mapping allows us to carry out a qualitative study of the PSD model as a tool for the identification of these elements in the context of e-commerce sites. We could see that a majority of the design principles were found on the investigated e-commerce sites, the presence was highest among the design principles that is about the system's credibility, as well as those that guide the user to the intended target behavior. In the evaluation of PSD model, we identified direct dependencies between individual design principles and the need for user evaluations. We found some problems with interpreting the design principles to be applied to them in the context of e-commerce, which suggests that a clarification of designprincipera would be desirable.I den här uppsatsen undersöker vi persuasive design inom e-handel. Detta är ett område som uppvisar en kraftig representation av design-element som kan klassificeras som persuasive (Alhammand & Gulliver, 2014). Trots detta så är utbredningen av studier som undersöker persuasive design-element inom e-handel i princip obefintlig. Vi använder oss av PSD-modellen (Oinas-Kukkonen & Harjumaa, 2009) för att identifiera förekomsten av persuasive design-element på fyra stycken e-handelsplatser genom en kvantitativ kartläggning. Den kvantitativa kartläggningen gör vi för att kunna genomföra en kvalitativ undersökning av PSD-modellen som verktyg för identifiering av dessa element i kontexten e-handelsplatser. Vi kunde se att en majoritet av designprinciperna återfanns på de undersökta e-handelsplatserna, förekomsten var högst hos de designprinciper som handlar om systemets kredibilitet samt de som guidar användaren till det tänkta målbeteendet. I utvärderingen av PSD-modellen identifierade vi direkta beroenden mellan enskilda designprinciper och ett behov av användarutvärderingar. Vi fann vissa problem med att tolka designprinciperna för att kunna appliceras dem på kontexten e-handelsplats, vilket talar för att ett förtydligande av designprincipera skulle kunna vara eftersträvansvärt.
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Hatschek, Jonas, and Frej Isaksson. "Verktygslåda för Persuasive design inom eHälsa." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Informationssystem, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-327942.
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The fast technical development enables new application areas within health care, and theimportance of eHealth increases. Meanwhile, conscious behavioral change throughpersuasive technology has shown to be a functional and effective method. This studyaimed at producing a design model, customized for persuasive design within eHealth. Themodel took the shape of a toolbox, containing tools which aim to respond to key aspectsassociated with the field, and was qualitatively evaluated through interviews with expertswho assessed the quality. The interview recordings were abductively analyzed, and themodel revised by the analysis’ results. The findings contributed to a widenedcomprehension of the area and resulted in a new version of the model, and other valuableinsights about the aspect of context within persuasive design and eHealth.Den snabba tekniska utvecklingen möjliggör nya användningsområden inom hälsoområdet,och vikten av eHälsa ökar. Samtidigt har medveten beteendeförändring genom persuasivedesign visat sig vara en funktionell och effektiv metod. I den här studien var målet attproducera en modell, anpassad för design inom eHälsa. Modellen tog formen av enverktygslåda, innehållande verktyg avsedda att besvara nyckelfaktorer inom fältet, ochevaluerades kvalitativt genom intervjuer med experter för att öka dess kvalité.Intervjuinspelningarna analyserades abduktivt, och modellen reviderades efter analysensresultat. Resultaten bidrar till en utvidgad förståelse inom fältet, en ny version av modellenoch andra värdefulla insikter angående kontext som en aspekt inom persuasive design ocheHälsa.
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Thapa, A. (Ashish). "Implementation and analysis of a support tool for the persuasive systems design model." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2016. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201605221854.
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The primary objective of this study was to develop a novel artifact to provide categorized and ethical examples of design principles of Persuasive System Design (PSD) model. PSD model is considered as a fundamental design and analysis tool for creating systems that aim at behavior and attitude change ethically. With the increased attention in persuasive system design field and rise in Behavior Change Support Systems (BCSS), we can expect an in increase in adoption of PSD model in design and development of such systems.
Despite these developments, examples of design principles from PSD model are neither readily available nor categorized. In response to this obstacle, we created and evaluated a support tool where users could share, obtain, and rate examples from each design principle. We utilized design principles from PSD model to implement the rating feature. We used Design Science Research Methodology (DSRM) to create the artifact. We tested desirability using Product Reaction Cards to understand user’s feeling about the support tool. We also evaluated perceived effectiveness of both rating feature and app as a whole to identify the perceived effectiveness. From the results, we deduced intention to use and predicted actual usage in the future.
The support tool may be useful for persuasive system designers, researchers or beginners on this field to see real life examples of design principles of PSD model. Hopefully, it could support them on designing more ethical persuasive system or contribute towards the persuasive system design area.
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Shevchuk, N. (Nataliya). "Application of persuasive systems design for adopting green information systems and technologies." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2019. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526223780.
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Abstract Critical environmental situation requires academics and practitioners of various disciplines join efforts at planning sustainable development of the society. In information systems research, Green Information Systems and Technologies domain is the one that directly contributes to strengthening environmental values of individuals, communities, and organizations. Abundance of technology influences people most of the time. Although this influence is not always positive, research on persuasive technologies and behavior change support systems searches for the beneficial ways to utilize the impact of information systems on the daily activities of individuals. Ability to assist with encouraging certain behaviors is a defining characteristic of many contemporary systems and devices. Building on the knowledge obtained from the health domain, this dissertation investigates using persuasive technologies for fostering pro-environmental behavior change. Theoretical frameworks of the articles included in the dissertation are based primarily on the Persuasive Systems Design (PSD) model, accompanied by the other prominent socio-psychological theories commonly utilized in information systems research. This dissertation focuses on finding out how to encourage people to adopt and continue using mobile applications designed to assist with acquiring sustainable habits and behaviors. The dissertation is composed of the historical analysis, systematic literature review, and four experimental studies that explore different aspects of persuasive Green IS/IT. Besides analyzing existing research using PSD model as a tool for evaluation, new empirical studies provide fresh insights on Green IS/IT designed for behavior change. Addressed topics include technology adoption and continuance intention, perceived persuasiveness, self-disclosure and risk, endogenous motivations, gamification, and cognitive absorption. Conducted statistical analyses investigate relationships among PSD constructs and other related concepts to discover factors that can convince people initiate and continue using Green IS/IT to develop or maintain environmentally sound practices. Overall, the results reveal a high potential of the PSD model to become a vehicle for enhancement of the existing Green IS/IT. The dissertation provides implications for both academics and practitioners as well as suggestions for the future evolvement of persuasive Green IS/IT researchTiivistelmä Ympäristön ja ilmaston vakava tilanne vaatii kaikilta osapuolilta kestävää kehitystä tukevaa toimintaa. Niin sanotut ‘vihreät’ tietojärjestelmät ja informaatioteknologiat pyrkivät vaikuttamaan ihmisten käyttäytymiseen vahvistamalla yksilöiden, yhteisöjen ja organisaatioiden ympäristöarvoja ja niiden mukaista käyttäytymistä. Yltäkylläinen teknologiatarjonta vaikuttaa käyttäytymiseemme koko ajan. Vaikka tämä vaikutus ei aina olekaan positiivista, vakuuttavien ja suostuttelevien teknologioiden sekä käyttäytymisen muutosta tukevien järjestelmien tutkimus pyrkii etsimään niitä hyödyllisiä keinoja, joilla tietojärjestelmien avulla voidaan vaikuttaa myönteisesti jokapäiväiseen elämäämme. Monien nykyaikaisten järjestelmien ja laitteiden perusominaisuutena voidaankin nykyään pitää niiden kykyä rohkaista ja kannustaa käyttäjiä myönteiseen kohdekäyttäytymiseen. Tämä väitöskirja rakentuu erityisesti terveystoimialalta omaksuttuun suostuttelevia teknologioita koskevaan tutkimustietoon ja pyrkii soveltamaan tätä ympäristöystävällisen käyttäytymisen vahvistamiseen. Tämän väitöstutkimuksen johtavana teoreettisena viitekehityksenä toimii Persuasive Systems Design -malli (PSD). Sen lisäksi hyödynnetään joitakin muita tietojärjestelmätutkimuksessa hyödynnettyjä sosiaalipsykologian teorioita. Väitöskirja keskittyy tarkastelemaan, miten voidaan kannustaa ottamaan käyttöön mobiilisovelluksia, jotka on jo alun perin suunniteltu tukemaan kestävän kehityksen kannalta myönteistä käyttäytymistä ja käyttäytymisen muutosta, sekä jatkamaan niiden käyttöä. Väitöskirja koostuu aihealueen historiallisesta analyysistä ja systemaattisesta kirjallisuuskatsauksesta sekä neljästä kokeellisesta tutkimuksesta, jotka tutkivat ’vihreiden’ tietojärjestelmien ja informaatioteknologioiden vakuuttavia ja suostuttelevia ohjelmisto-ominaisuuksia. Sen lisäksi että olemassa olevaa kirjallisuutta on analysoitu PSD-mallia käyttäen, samaan malliin pohjautuvat empiiriset tutkimukset tuottavat tuoreita oivalluksia käyttäytymisen muutosta tukevaan suunnitteluun liittyen. Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan teknologian käyttöönottoa, aikomuksia jatkaa teknologian käyttöä, koettua vakuuttavuutta ja suostuttelevuutta, sensitiivisten tietojen jakamista ja siihen liittyviä riskejä, sisäsyntyistä motivaatiota, pelillistämistä sekä kognitiivista absorptiota. Tilastollisten analyysien avulla tarkastellaan PSD-mallin ydinkäsitteiden ja muiden konstruktien välisiä suhteita, jotta tunnistettaisiin niitä tekijöitä, joiden avulla voidaan vaikuttaa hyödyllisten ‘vihreiden’ tietojärjestelmien ja informaatioteknologioiden käyttöönottoon ja käytön jatkamiseen, ja yleisemmin kannustamaan ympäristöystävällisiin käytänteisiin. Tutkimustulokset osoittavat PSD-mallin merkityksen kestävää kehitystä tukeville tietojärjestelmille ja informaatioteknologioille. Suoritetun tutkimuksen perusteella ehdotetaan teemoja jatkotutkimusta varten. Väitöstutkimuksen tuloksilla on merkitystä sekä tieteenharjoittajille että käytännön soveltajille
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Bae, Eunjin. "Musical hand shaker toward sustainable behavioral changes : Designing of persuasive interaction through emotion arousing." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-94183.
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Context. This paper aims to investigate the potential of sustainable interaction system by employing persuasive design process. Sustainable Human Computer Interaction community (HCI) strives to find effective ways to change human behavior toward pro-environment. The sustainable HCI community seems to propose ambient display interface as one of its major interaction methods, which have an impact in quiet and static surroundings. However, when it comes to crowded public places where public resources are heavily wasted, ambient interfaces hardly get people’s attention and provide timely information to people. Goals. The author proposes an embodied sound interface as an alternative in the crowded places. The embodied sound interface serves to alert people at the right moment in a fun and pleasant way to induce people to engage in an intended behavior spontaneously. A sensor system prototype embedding an embodied sound interface, musical hand shaker (MHS), was developed aiming at reducing the use of paper towels. The MHS is placed near the water tap in a restroom and it respond with a music to the hand shaking of the user in front of the MHS. The system encourages people to experience how easy it is to save paper towel and do a green activity in their daily life. Methods. This study is grounded on three HCI fields: ambient information systems, affective interaction, and persuasive technology. The MHS prototype went through the persuasive design process which includes iterative steps of prototype implementation and evaluation. This design process centered on the eight steps of design process and Fogg behavior model. The persuasive qualities of embodied sound interface such as understandability, recognition of the system goal, and persistency of raised awareness of sustainability were examined. Results. The final outdoor evaluation in the restroom of a mall confirmed the impact of the MHS on people’s habit of using paper towels as well as its effectiveness of persuasion. Since it is a pilot study, there remain some unresolved issues and open questions for researcher in HCI and psychology fields.
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Hellberg, Erica, and Therese Lindström. "Vad får användare att spara i Dreams?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446305.
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The younger generation shows a different consumption behavior compared to previousgenerations where the attitude towards debt and loans is more relaxed. In addition, manypeople also experience difficulties with saving money and the human brain is a major factorin the connection between money and consumption behavior. Dreams is an application whereyou can save money and they argue that they increase the user’s wellbeing, feeling of safetyand motivation towards saving money. Dreams is designed for the users to be able to savemoney in an easy, fun and innovative way. The black background with white text bothclarifies and creates contrast for the user. This qualitative study that is based on semistructured interviews will analyze how Dreams persuade their users to save money. The studyis based on Fogg’s behavior model for persuasive design and Persuasive system designmodel. Both models explain persuasive design that influences behavior. The results show thatthere are design factors that contribute to users saving in Dreams as well as design factorsthat would make Dreams more persuasive.Den yngre generationen visar ett annorlunda konsumtionsbeteende jämfört med tidigaregenerationer, där inställningen till skulder och lån är mer avslappnad. Dessutom upplevermånga svårigheter med att spara pengar och den mänskliga hjärnan är en stor faktor ikopplingen mellan pengar och konsumtionsbeteende. Dreams är en app där man kan sparapengar och de argumenterar att de ökar användarens välmående, trygghet och motivation attspara pengar. Dreams är designad för att användarna ska kunna spara pengar på ett enkelt,roligt och innovativt sätt. Den svarta bakgrunden och vita texten som tydliggör och skaparkontraster för användaren. Den här kvalitativ studien som är baserad på semistruktureradeintervjuer kommer analysera hur Dreams övertygar sina användare att spara pengar. Studienutgår från Foggs beteendemodell och Persuasive system design model. Båda modellernaförklarar övertygande design som påverkar beteende. Resultatet visar att det finnsdesignfaktorer som bidrar till att användare sparar i Dreams samt designfaktorer som skullegöra Dreams mer övertygande.
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Langrial, S. (Sitwat). "Exploring the influence of persuasive reminders and virtual rehearsal on the efficacy of health behavior change support system." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2014. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526204765.
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Abstract Information technologies have opened new opportunities to develop persuasive systems that support people to adopt and sustain healthy behaviors. Both web-based and ubiquitous information systems have shown promising results in supporting people to adopt healthy routines. Persuasive systems have therefore received increasing attention from researchers over the past decade. Behavior Change Support Systems are an object of persuasive technology. These systems are designed to facilitate behavior change process over an extended period of time. This dissertation comprises of six studies, including two investigative, two experimental, and two field studies. An effort has been made to consecutively build these studies to formulate a central research question: To what extent virtual rehearsal augmented with reminders influence overall efficacy of health Behavior Change Support Systems? The primary theoretical underpinning is the Persuasive Systems Design model, which highlights seven postulates and twenty-eight software features for developing Behavior Change Support Systems. However, in the presented work, reminders and virtual rehearsal are explicitly studied. The interplay between these software features is examined through using a mixed-method research approach, using qualitative methodology as a core research approach. The results indicate that carefully selected and integrated persuasive software features have significant impact on the overall efficacy of Behavior Change Support Systems. Presented work addresses health behavioral change as a critical aspect of healthcare, and also extends contemporary research on critical issues in healthcare including task adherence, attrition and complianceTiivistelmä Uudet informaatioteknologiat ovat mahdollistaneet sellaisten vakuuttavien järjestelmien kehittämisen, jotka voivat tukea terveellisten käyttäytymismallien omaksumisessa ja niiden ylläpitämisessä. Sekä web-pohjaisilla että jokapaikan tietojärjestelmillä on saatu lupaavia tuloksia terveellisten rutiinien omaksumisessa. Vakuuttavat järjestelmät ovat näin viimeisen vuosikymmenen aikana saaneet kasvavaa huomiota tutkijoilta. Yksi vakuuttavan teknologian tutkimuskohteista on käyttäytymisen muutoksen tukijärjestelmät. Nämä järjestelmät on suunniteltu helpottamaan käyttäytymisen muutoksessa pitkähkön aikajakson kuluessa. Tämä väitöskirja koostuu kuudesta tutkimuksesta, sisältäen kaksi eksploratiivista, kaksi kokeellista ja kaksi kenttätutkimusta. Kyseiset tutkimukset on suunnitelut siten, että on voitu muodostaa yksi keskeinen tutkimuskysymys: Missä määrin virtuaalinen harjoittelu yhdessä muistutusten kanssa voi vaikuttaa käyttäytymisen muutoksen tukijärjestelmien tehokkuuteen? Pääasiallisena teoreettisena pohjana toimii vakuuttavien järjestelmien PSD-suunnittelumenetelmä (Persuasive Systems Design Model), joka korostaa seitsemää perusoletusta ja 28 ohjelmisto-ominaisuutta tällaisten käyttäytymisen muutoksen tukijärjestelmien kehittämisessä. Tässä väitöskirjassa on keskitytty tutkimaan erityisesti virtuaalisia muistutuksia ja virtuaalista harjoittelua. Kyseisiä ohjelmisto-ominaisuuksia on tarkasteltu käyttämällä mixed-method -tutkimustapaa erityisesti laadullisella tutkimusotteella. Tässä tutkimuksessa saadut tulokset osoittavat, että järjestelmien huolella valituilla ja toteutetuilla vakuuttavilla ominaisuuksilla on merkittävä vaikutus käyttäytymisen muutoksen tukijärjestelmien tehokkuuteen. Väitös osoittaa terveyskäyttäytymisen muutoksen olevan kriittinen osa terveydenhoitoa. Väitöstyö myös lisää terveydenhoidon tietämystä sen kriittisissä ongelmissa, erityisesti harjoituksiin sitoutumisessa tai vastaavasti harjoitusten tekemättä jättämisessä ylipäätään ja ohjeiden noudattamisessa
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Birgander, Viktor, and Jens Bleckert. "Tillämpning av persuasive design på kursvärderingsverktyg." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446183.
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Vid Institutionen för informatik och media vid Uppsala Universitet (IM) används ett digitalt kursvärderingsverktyg (IMKV) som en central metod att samla in feedback från kursdeltagare som underlag för kvalitetsarbete och för reflektion åt kursdeltagaren. Vid IM är svarsfrekvensen låg och således är underlaget för kvalitetsarbete lågt och IMKV riskerar visa på resultat som inte är reliabla eller representativa. Syftet med arbetet var att utveckla en it-artefakt som alternativ till IMKV med stöd från empirin om användarbeteende och persuasive design, följt av en utvärdering om huruvida denna prototyp skulle kunna förbättra användarupplevelsen och på så vis höja svarsfrekvensen. Problemet om låg svarsfrekvens med IMKV analyserades utifrån följande modeller om beteende: Foggs beteendemodell (FBM) som beskriver hur motivation och förmåga påverkar ett målbeteende, samt Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) och Hedonic-Motivation System Adoption Model (HMSAM) som beskriver hur användarbeteende styrs av användarupplevelse och den upplevda nyttan i användande. En klon av IMKV skapades (se bilaga 1) och en webbaserad prototyp (se bilaga 2) av ett nytt kursvärderingsverktyg togs fram ur designprinciper för persuasive designdär förbättringar i användarupplevelse och ökad upplevd nytta låg i fokus. Deltagare i studien delades slumpmässigt i två grupper där ena testade IMKV-klonen och andra prototypen och sedan utvärderade respektive version med det webbaserade verktyget AttrakDiff som kvantifierar användarupplevelsen. Datan analyserades med t-test. IMKV analyserades utifrån teori om persuasive design och beteende. Möjliga problem identifierades där persuasive design skulle kunna förbättra användarupplevelsen. Designprocessen började med brainstorm, sedan iterativ utveckling. I samtliga t-test påvisades en statistisk signifikant skillnad mellan grupperna, där de som testade prototypen hade en bättre användarupplevelse. Att utnyttja principer för persuasive designkan ge stor effekt på användarupplevelsen vid webbaserad kursvärdering och i längden eventuellt öka deltagandet. Resultaten i denna studie skulle kunna bidra vid framtida utveckling av kursvärderingsverktyg.
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Marquardson, James. "Achieving Alignment: System Design and Attitudinal Considerations to Increase the Persuasive Power of Technology." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/556848.
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Increasing amounts of data are being produced and consumed on a daily basis. Every mouse movement and click on a website can be analyzed to discover usage patterns and cognitive load (Jenkins et al., 2014), companies mine purchase histories to discover customer shopping patterns (Brin et al., 1997) and historical business transaction information can be used to improve business processes (Ghattas et al., 2014). Using sophisticated algorithms, data can be turned into information that helps guide marketers, policy makers, business managers, and other decision-makers. However, history has shown that increases in the amount and quality of information do not necessarily lead to better decision outcomes (Dawes et al., 1989). Human decision-makers may fail to understand the information, ignore it, or simply not believe it. Methods for effectively conveying information to humans must be studied so that the full value of information systems can be realized. This dissertation uses three studies to explain the factors that make technology persuasive. In the first study, attitudes toward technology measure how beliefs about technology influence the way people process information. Ordering effects are also examined to determine how people view information from decision support systems, and to find the optimal time to present information to decision-makers. In the second study, the persuasive power of text and audio modalities are compared. Additionally, the loss aversion bias is investigated to determine the utility of leveraging this cognitive bias in a technology context. In the third study, Protection Motivation Theory (Rogers, 1983) is used to extend the loss aversion model from study two. The study also investigates how message vividness and user participation through software personalization influence attitudes and behavior. Together, these experiments extend existing theoretical frameworks while giving actionable guidance to information systems practitioners. The studies demonstrate the importance of understanding cognitive biases, attitudes toward technology, and message delivery in a decision support scenario. These investigations are the first step in creating a more comprehensive model of factors that influence the persuasive power of technology.
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Johansson, Björn. "Model management for computational system design /." Linköping : Univ, 2003. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2003/tek857s.pdf.
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Dedinja, Semra. "Walk with me : An iterative design process involving senior citizens in the making of a persuasive eHealth system." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-160769.
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Digitization of data offers more opportunities for future health and medicine care due to the availability of information technology in our everyday lives. Several studies have provided us with insights in designing persuasive eHealth services, but only a few studies have investigated the design of a persuasive eHealth application by using presently available smartphones and while including the target group. By pursuing an iterative design process, three smartphone application prototypes were created and tested with senior citizens by using cognitive walkthroughs, use case scenarios and semi-structured interviews. The results indicated that the target group involvement had positive influences on the design of the prototypes, with user insights uncovering setbacks and opportunities in the design. Thus, the study presents a set of primary characteristics for designing a persuasive eHealth application to be usable with smartphones and how the iterative design process with the involvement of senior citizens shaped the design.
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Löthman, Anna, and Malin Liljeblad. "Committed to Exercise : A qualitative study on the persuasive effect and potential of a gym’s online booking system." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för informatik (IK), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-106818.
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While physical activity has many important benefits on our health and well-being, many people find it hard to establish and maintain long-lasting exercise routines. Technology can be an effective tool to combat this issue by increasing users’ motivation to exercise and encouraging them to make healthier choices. In this qualitative study, we explored the persuasive effect and potential of an online booking system (OBS) implemented in a gym in the South West of United Kingdom to limit the amount of people in the facilities during the Covid-19 pandemic. The purpose of our research was to examine gym members’ experiences of the system, how it had impacted their motivation to exercise, and to explore how their experiences could be used in a digital system aiming to promote regular gym-use and long-lasting exercise routines. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews, carried out with five gym members. The results demonstrate that all informants had ambivalent feelings towards the OBS, with both positive and negative attitudes towards the system. Three key findings were identified. First, the system forced the users to adapt their exercise routines and daily activities in general to its new constraints which, in some instances, reduced their motivation to exercise. Second, the activity of booking and scheduling gym sessions gave the users a sense of commitment and determination, which increased their motivation to adhere to their planned exercise regime. Third, the users experienced the increased familiarity in the gym as a positive outcome of the OBS. Based on the empirical findings, we proposed a set of recommended features and three key components which can be beneficial to include in a digital system aiming to increase gym user’s motivation to exercise, and that could come of use to designers developing interactive systems for gym settings.
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Oates, William Sumner. "Piezoelecytric pump design and system dynamic model." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17679.
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Huang, GongWen 1948. "Computer aided model structuring in system design." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276903.
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As a CAD tool, the Computer Aided Model Structuring System (call MOSTS in the following text) for model structuring in system design and system simulation has been designed and implemented. First, this MOSTS allows system design experts to create and save System Data Bases (SDBs) for model structuring in system design and simulation. Then, these SDBs can be retrieved, modified, and finally used to structure system models by design engineers. The MOSTS pursues the model structuring process in such a way that the model structure having the best performance (according to the expert's knowledge and the design engineer's design criteria) will be generated first, and then the second best model, the third best model, and so on.
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Larsson, Gustav, and Anna Cumlin. "Hur svenska användare uppleverövertygande design i sociala medier." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446316.
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När individer tillbringar en betydande del av vardagen vid sociala medier får sociala mediermöjlighet att påverka och motivera en användares beteende och attityd. Denna påverkan skergenom övertygande design, en implementerad teknik i IT-system, som genom sin design syftartill att övertyga en användare till att ändra sitt beteende och attityd. Övertygande design upplevsofta som positiv då övertygande design personifierar och stödjer individen i sitt användande avett system. När en användare övertygas till att ändra sitt beteende och sin attityd ska detta skeutan bedrägeri eller tvång. Forskning visar dock att det finns en negativ aspekt av övertygandedesign då den för användaren kan vara vilseledande i sin övertygelse.Uppsatsen ämnar undersöka hur användare av sociala medier upplever övertygande design iapplikationerna och om användarna upplevt sociala medier som vilseledande. Studiengenomfördes genom kvalitativa intervjuer och resultatet analyserades med hjälp av modellenPersuasive System Design. Studiens resultat visar att användare inte reflekterar överövertygande design i sociala medier under tiden de använder sociala medier. Resultatet visardock att användare i efterhand upplever att de påverkas av övertygande design på ett sätt somtill stor del upplevs som negativt. Uppsatsen ger en grund till hur övertygande design upplevs isociala medier. Framtida forskning bör förslagsvis fokusera på att bygga en mer generaliseradbild av hur övertygande design upplevs.
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Franzén, Johanna, and Johannes Swenson. "Persuasive design i praktiken : Hur fyra SNS tillåter, motiverar samt triggar användare att nå målbeteenden." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-30742.
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Social networking sites and their functions are in constant change and with every new innovation different user behaviors are encouraged or prevented. Persuasive design is one way of designing a system to encourage a certain behavior. In this study we conducted four surveys of Sweden’s four most popular Social networking sites and how they are used. We followed up with ten interviews to gain understanding of why the users use these sites in a certain way. We identified four different target behaviors on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and LinkedIn with help from the results we gathered from our surveys and our interviews. We then used a behavior model for persuasive design (FBM) to identify the different factors of the model in Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and LinkedIn’s design. The three factors of the behavior model are: motivation, ability and triggers. To gain further understanding of how Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and LinkedIn motivates, allows and triggers users to perform target behaviors we analyzed our findings using theories from research already done on persuasive design. We found that persuasive design was a powerful tool when it comes to making users perform a certain target behavior. Where the target behavior was not being performed we identified where the design did not correspond with the behavior model. Our goal was to expand on the behavior model by providing it with real world examples. By doing so we hope to help designers gain further understanding about how persuasive design works and how to put it into practice.
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M, Venkata Raghu Chaitanya. "Model Based Aircraft Control System Design and Simulation." Thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-19264.
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Development of modern aircraft has become more and more expensive and time consuming. In order to minimize the development cost, an improvement of the conceptual design phase is needed. The desired goal of the project is to enhance the functionality of an in house produced framework conducted at the department of machine design, consisting of parametric models representing a large variety of aircraft concepts.
The first part of the work consists of the construction of geometric aircraft control surfaces such as flaps, aileron, rudder and elevator parametrically in CATIA V5.
The second part of the work involves designing and simulating an Inverse dynamic model in Dymola software.
An Excel interface has been developed between CATIA and Dymola. Parameters can be varied in the interface as per user specification; these values are sent to CATIA or Dymola and vice versa. The constructed concept model of control surfaces has been tested for different aircraft shapes and layout. The simulation has been done in Dymola for the control surfaces.
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Flanagan, Genevieve (Genevieve Elise Cregar). "Key challenges to model-based design : distinguishing model confidence from model validation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76492.
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Thesis (S.M. in Engineering and Management)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, System Design and Management Program, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 93-97).
Model-based design is becoming more prevalent in industry due to increasing complexities in technology while schedules shorten and budgets tighten. Model-based design is a means to substantiate good design under these circumstances. Despite this, organizations often have a lack of confidence in the use of models to make critical decisions. As a consequence they often invest heavily in expensive test activities that may not yield substantially new or better information. On the other hand, models are often used beyond the bounds within which they had been previously calibrated and validated and their predictions in the new regime may be substantially in error and this can add substantial risk to a program. This thesis seeks to identify factors that cause either of these behaviors. Eight factors emerged as the key variables to misaligned model confidence. These were found by studying three case studies to setup the problem space. This was followed by a review of the literature with emphasis on model validation and assessment processes to identify remaining gaps. These gaps include proper model validation processes, limited research from the perspective of the decision-maker, and lack of understanding of the impact of contextual variables surrounding a decision. The impact these eight factors have on model confidence and credibility was tested using a web-based experiment that included a simple model of a catapult and varying contextual details representing the factors. In total 252 respondents interacted with the model and made a binary decision on a design problem to provide a measure for model confidence. Results from the testing showed several factors proved to cause an outright change in model confidence. One factor, a representation of model uncertainty, did not result in any differences to model confidence despite support from the literature suggesting otherwise. Findings such as these were used to gain additional insights and recommendations to address the problem of misaligned model confidence. Recommendations included system-level approaches, improved quality of communication, and use of decision analysis techniques. Applying focus in these areas can help to alleviate pressures from the contextual factors involved in the decision-making process. This will allow models to be used more effectively thereby supporting model-based design efforts.
by Genevieve Flanagan.
S.M.in Engineering and Management
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Moreau, Marika, and Martin Bui. "A conceptual model for future wear-able augmented reality system: Influence user behaviour into choos-ing stairs over elevator." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20941.
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We set out to find connections between different areas of interest in a persuasive aug-mented reality system, in an effort to change behaviour. To limit the scope of the study we chose to create a scenario, namely persuading users to take the stairs and not the elevator when trying to reach higher floors of a building. During a thorough literature study, we found Cialdini’s work about influencing human behaviour and Fogg’s behavioural model, which describes why we make the choices as we do. A small semi-structured interview was conducted on respondents that was using the stairs and elevator in a building to verify these findings, which our analysis did. We then found information and methods from gamification and color theory that was applicable in or-der to change or support these behaviours. Our predetermined scenario and the theo-retical framework were combined into a conceptual model. The conceptual model in-cludes what we call “Vision scenario”; It is a collection of manipulated images, of how the methods could be visualized through the augmented reality glasses when used. Persuasive technology systems come with some ethical dilemmas, which are discussed during the latter part of our thesis. We concluded that there are connections to be made between these areas of interest. However, further research is needed in order to improve our conceptual model. We as Authors are aware that there is much to be ex-plored and connections of other areas that could be made in our conceptual model but the time and our previous knowledge was limited.
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Zhong, Zhaohui. "Ecopro, an exercise in model-based interactive system design." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ60520.pdf.
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Amaechi, Austin Oguejiofor. "A conceptual system design and managerial complexity competency model." Thesis, Brunel University, 2013. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/8555.
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Complex adaptive systems are usually difficult to design and control. There are several particular methods for coping with complexity, but there is no general approach to build complex adaptive systems. The challenges of designing complex adaptive systems in a highly dynamic world drive the need for anticipatory capacity within engineering organizations, with a goal of enabling the design of systems that can cope with an unpredictable environment. This thesis explores this question of enhancing anticipatory capacity through the study of a complex adaptive system design methodology and complexity management competencies. A general introduction to challenges and issues in complex adaptive systems design is given, since a good understanding of the industrial context is considered necessary in order to avoid oversimplification of the problem, neglecting certain important factors and being unaware of important influences and relationships. In addition, a general introduction to complex thinking is given, since designing complex adaptive systems requires a non-classical thought, while practical notions of complexity theory and design are put forward. Building on these, the research proposes a Complex Systems Life-Cycle Understanding and Design (CXLUD) methodology to aid system architects and engineers in the design and control of complex adaptive systems. Starting from a creative anticipation construct - a loosening mechanism to allow for more options to be considered, the methodology proposes a conceptual framework and a series of stages to follow to find proper mechanisms that will promote elements to desired solutions by actively interacting among themselves. To illustrate the methodology, a financial systemic risks infrastructure systems architecture development case study is presented. The final part of this thesis develops a conceptual model to analyse managerial complexity competency model from a qualitative phenomenological study perspective. The model developed in this research is called Understanding-Perception-Action (UPA) managerial complexity competency model. The results of this competency model can be used to help ease project manager’s transition into complex adaptive projects, as well as serve as a foundation to launch qualitative and quantitative research into this area of project complexity management.
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Pan, Ning 1962. "A LISP-based shell for model structuring in system design." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277040.
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This thesis builds a knowledge-based, computer-aided decision making shell, written in LISP, for assistance in generic engineering system design problems. The theoretical framework presented in the thesis places system design processes in the environment of multifaceted modelling methodology and artificial intelligence techniques. A new reliable and efficient knowledge representation scheme--FRASES is introduced into the knowledge base design. The scheme combines system entity structure and frame and production rule system, and allows us to easily acquire, represent, and infer knowledge and information about the system being designed. In the design of the inference engine, multiple inference algorithms are supported in the shell. They infer a set of desired system configurations with respect to the designer's objectives and requirements. In comparison, top-down reasoning with depth-first offers the most efficient reasoning algorithm when using the FRASES knowledge representation scheme.
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Vasapollo, Marco. "Model driven design for embedded systems." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/6529/.
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Fisher, John Sheridan. "Application of model driven architecture design methodologies to mixed-signal system design projects." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1143218375.
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Orso, Julien d'. "New directions in symbolic model checking /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3753.
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Hicks, Dawn L. "Optimal design of digital model-following systems." Thesis, University of Salford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284423.
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Lam, James. "Model reduction of delay systems." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.277881.
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Båtelsson, Niklas, and Simon Alfredsson. "Assembly system design - : Case study of a mixed model production." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-103276.
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The report, which is a part of the course "MG202X Examensarbete", has been written for the institution Industrial Production at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) with guidance from Antonio Maffei. The work has been focused on creating an assembly system at a production facility for Schneider Electric in Nyköping. The Authors has divided the report into a literature review containing Lean production and assembly systems, an analysis of the initial state and a solution. The literature review presents three separate parts which creates the framework of our analysis. The first part regards assembly system and describes different types of design alternatives and which losses that can be found in an assembly system. Furthermore the second part contains Lean production where selected parts of the philosophy are described. The last part of the literature review treats the design of the workstation with regards to ergonomics and part presentation. The analysis at Schneider Electric has been conducted during a three month period and has included time studies, observations and interviews. To analyze the initial state a model for estimating assembly times and workload were needed. An in depth understanding of the initial state was the foundation to be able to create an adapted and accepted assembly system. The work resulted in two suggested assembly systems. One system contains only one workstation and was to be used for a simple assembly process. The second system is to be used for more complex products and has a higher capacity as it contains three workstations. As the assembly system contains three separate workstations it means that the assembly process has been divided which were done through a consideration between logical split and balancing of the system. Both systems used a continuous supply system for components.Rapporten, som är en del av kursen "MG202X Examensarbete", har skrivits för institutionen Industriell Produktion på KTH under handledning av Antonio Maffei. Arbetet har inriktats på att utveckla ett monteringssystem hos Schneider Electrics produktionsanläggning i Nyköping. Författarna har delat upp rapporten mellan en litteraturstudie kring Lean produktion och monteringssystem, en analys av den aktuella situationen och en presentation av lösning. Litteraturstudien presenterar tre separata delar som bildar ramverket till vår analys. Den första delen är monteringssystem vilket beskriver olika typer av designalternativ samt vilka förluster som finns i ett monteringssystem. Vidare består den andra delen av Lean produktion där utvalda delar av filosofin har beskrivits. Den sista delen av studien behandlar utformandet av den enskilda arbetssituationen med hänsyn till ergonomi och komponentpresentation. Analysen av situationen hos Schneider Electric har gjorts under en tremånadersperiod inkluderat tidsanalyser, observationer och intervjuer. För att analysera dagens system krävdes en modell för uppskattning av monteringstider och arbetsbelastning. En djupgående förståelse av dagsläget var grunden för att skapa ett anpassat och accepterat monteringssystem. Arbetet resulterade i två förslag till monteringssystem. Det ena systemet bestod endast av en arbetsstation för enklare monteringsförfarande. Det andra systemet skall användas till mer komplexa produkter och har en högre kapacitet då den består av tre arbetsstationer. Då monteringssystemet består av tre skiljda arbetsstationer innebär detta att monteringsprocessen har delats vilket skedde genom att en avvägning mellan logisk delning och balansering. Båda systemen använde sig av ett kanbansystem för komponenttillförsel.
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Rajendran, Rajarajan. "Model, design and demonstrate an integrated optical pulse distribution system /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1426095.
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Merkoulova, Daniel. "Optimal Input Design by Model Predictive Control for System Identification." Thesis, KTH, Reglerteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-215712.
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Mathematical models are an essential part of analysis of autonomous systemsas they ease the formulation of control laws and allow experiments tobe performed in a simulation environment. For complex systems, parts of themodel may be missing which increases uncertainties and limits practical applications.Using input-output measurements makes it possible to estimate themodel, but requires the measurements to be informative. The idea in so-calledinput design is to find an input sequence for the system such that the measurementsreveal the properties and dynamics of the true system as much aspossible. This is commonly formulated as an optimization problem.This thesis focuses on formulating an optimization algorithm for inputdesign, which is implemented as an open-loop receding horizon optimizationproblem. The problem consists of classical A-, D-, E-optimality criteria andfinite combinatorial constraints on the input signal. The resulting optimizationproblem is non-convex. Two approaches are explored to solve the problem;a combinatorial and a convex relaxation. The method is finally evaluated ina simulation environment on a second-order system and first-order linearizedwater tank system.Matematiska modeller är essentiella när det kommer till autonoma systemeftersom det förenklar formuleringar av styrlagar och tillåter tester i simuleringsmiljöer.För komplexa system kan delar av modellen saknas vilket ökarosäkerheten hos modellen och begränsar praktiska tillämpningar. Genom attanvända in-ut data är det möjligt att estimera modellen men det kräver attmätningarna är av relativ kvalitet. Idén är således att finna en sekvens av indataså att dynamiken hos systemet avslöjas vilket kan formuleras som ettoptimeringsproblem.Det här arbetet fokuserar på att formulera ett optimeringsproblem somska implementeras i modell prediktiv reglering. Problemet består utav klassiskA,D, E-optimalitet med begränsade diskreta bivillkor på insignalen. Metodenevalueras i simulering på ett godtyckligt andra ordningens system och på ettlineariserat första ordningens vattentankssystem.
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Liu, Heng. "Biological Development model for the Design of Robust Digital System." Thesis, University of York, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485103.
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This thesis presents a biologically-inspired developmental model for the design of digital circuits. Circuits have been evolved that exhibit the ability to self-repair and correct transient faults to recover correct functionality. The method devised gives no explicit coordinate information to the evolved cell circuits. The method presented has been implemented fully in electronic hardware. This allowed developmental circuits to be evolved considerably more quickly than in software simulation. The methods presented have been applied to produce a self-repairing two bit multiplier and an autonomous robot controller circuit. Results are presented that shows that after introduction of faults, both circuits can autonomously recover correct functionality.
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Al-Saadi, Maithem. "Incorporating safety design assessment process model in planning and design system for airport airsides." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8295/.
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Airport airside planning and design is an essential process to provide guidance for construction, rehabilitation and development phases and to accommodate the required capacity and efficiency for airport operations based on international safety standards, recommendations, regulations and local limitations. However, airport operators are suffering from infrequent and unexpected risks that could occur and lead to reduced safety margins in airport airsides. Furthermore, safety is one of the most common challenges in airside operations; it should be periodically assessed and deeply investigated, tracking the causes of the risks and their potential impacts. To cope with these challenges, this thesis demonstrates a novel approach of safety design assessment process models to assess, review and manage planning and design during the existing conditions of an airport airside lifecycle by combining three techniques. This is a new methodology for incorporating risk assessment in airport airside planning and design systems and provides a helpful and periodical evaluation and decision-making tool. It is a useful model for airport stakeholders to investigate, quantify, and mitigate the possible functional safety threats to their operation. It will help to avoid underlying precursory hazards that contribute to airside safety risks and could increase awareness of potential risk situations.
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Betzeki, Christina, and Leyla Swedan. "Persuasive design som medel för miljövänligt agerande : En studie om hur funktioner i miljöfrämjande mobilapplikationer kan motivera användare att agera miljövänligt." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Medieteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-32112.
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Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur en miljöfrämjande mobilapplikation kan motivera användare till att agera mer miljövänligt genom persuasiva designprinciper. I denna studie föreslås en uppsättning designprinciper att ha i åtanke vid utveckling av övertygande mobilapplikationer som syftar till miljövänliga beteendeförändringar. Det utvärderades tre existerande miljöfrämjande mobilapplikationer med hjälp av PSD-modellens designprinciper, varav en valdes ut för användarundersökningen. Totalt sex personer deltog i studien och fick testa den valda mobilapplikationen under en veckas tid, i syfte att bekanta sig med applikationens funktioner. I samband med detta fick deltagarna besvara en enkät med allmänna frågor kring deras miljövänliga vanor. Den slutliga fasen inkluderade intervjun, som innehöll frågor gällande deltagarnas åsikter om funktioner och motivationsfaktorer för att använda miljöfrämjande applikationer. Resultatet visade att designprinciperna belöning, individualisering, simulering, självkontroll, normativt inflytande, samarbete, social jämförelse, konkurrens och påminnelser hade störst inflytande på användarnas motivation att använda applikationen och agera miljövänligt. De utvalda designprinciperna berodde huvudsakligen på individuella, sociala och praktiska faktorer.This study aims to investigate how an environmental mobile application can motivate users to act more eco-friendly by using persuasive design principles. In this study, we identify a set of key principles to consider when designing mobile persuasive technology in order to motivate and influence pro-environmental behavior change. We evaluated three existing mobile applications by using PSD design principles. After the evaluation, one mobile application was selected for usertesting, with a total of six participants. The participants received one week to get familiar with the application and its functionalities . Furthermore, the participants received a survey with general questions about their eco-friendly habits. The upcoming phase included the interview we conducted, which contained questions to bring forward the participants opinions about functions and motivation factors that could affect their usage of eco-friendly applications. The result showed that the design principles rewards, personalization, simulation, self-monitoring, normative influence, cooperation, social comparison, competition and reminders had the greatest influence on the users motivation to use the application and act eco-friendly. The reason of importance for the chosen design principles was mainly due to individual, social and practical factors.
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De, Villiers Stephanie. "The observing self as a catalyst for behaviour change and wellbeing: Effective personal informatics system design to promote behaviour change in the changing health paradigm." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27443.
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The current study is a user-centred enquiry into how wellness-related personal informatics (PI) systems can be more effectively designed to better promote lasting behaviour change and sustained wellbeing in the context of the changing health paradigm. Until recently, the Western biomedical model with its disease focus has been effective in delivering health care; however, this paradigm does not efficiently support a system in crises - the contemporary health care system which is confronted with complex challenges of modern lifestyle diseases and behavioural disorders. Enabled by the technological revolution, a Systems Medicine model - a preventative, personalised, predictive and participatory (P4) approach - is emerging and PI systems play a significant role in realising this pre-clinical, patient-centric, behaviour-focussed shift in health care. This viewpoint paper argues that design strategies applied in PI systems to promote behaviour change play a vital role in supporting health outcomes, specifically, persuasive and mindful user experience (UX) strategies. By applying a phenomenographic research methodology, a user-centred approach is taken to understand qualitatively different ways in which PI systems (and their inherent design strategies) are experienced by users, to inform more intuitive design of PI systems that balance behaviour change strategies to support more lasting shifts and sustainable states of wellbeing. Drawing together ideas from systems medicine, complexity theory, persuasive and mindful design approaches in conjunction with phenomenography, this study aims to understand experiential nuances to offer implications for the future design of health care through PI systems. The theory built through the research process is applied in a prototype design, which is presented as an example of a PI system design that balances persuasive and mindful strategies and aims to promote lasting behaviour change and enduring states of wellbeing more effectively.
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Gozluklu, Burak. "A new project management system dynamics model and simulator." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/113517.
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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 56-57).
Simulators generated from project management system dynamics models are exercised for training the future project managers. In today's' high dynamic, vibrant and complex markets, the models should incorporate more business dynamics and also provide more tools to the players who can flexibly steer in the project games. Along with that objective, this study brings new dynamics and modeling approach to the original multi-phase project system dynamics model of Ford and Sterman, 1998. The new dynamics include the development of new features in the market growing the customer expectation, reflection of customer expectation to project economics, supersede of project concurrencies by rushing the tasks, allowing the defects delivered to customers to be compensated by lifetime repair cost and free positioning of the phase schedules while maintaining concurrencies. A new formulation for completion putthrough, option to include final downstream defect correction and elaborate project econometrics are also included. The model is built in modules that can be utilized to increase the number of phases and/or explain the model to the trainees more easily. The project model employs two options; a zero-defect policy and allowed defect policy where the latter is newly introduced by the repair cost. The system dynamics model is tested by proposed extreme project manager traits which are implemented as table function to use one or more modules to pursue an ultimate objective within a certain logic. A construction project principally mimicking the cases provided by Parvan et al. 2015 is simulated with the manager traits. The results initiate interesting tradeoffs such as the influence of project delivery time versus repair cost, accepting new tasks versus creating more defects or rescheduling the project or positioning the workforce before the ramping up of testing and defective task correction activities. The model necessitates a deeper understanding and analyses of long-term phenomenon such as the lifetime repair cost, the financial consequences of defects and lifetime earnings of products as well as the continuous feature development in the market and its economic value. It is found that the current model proposes an enhanced tool for the training of future project managers. Keywords: System dynamics, project management, simulation, defect policy, numerical modeling.
by Burak Gozluklu.
S.M. in Engineering and Management
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Escobido, Matthew George (Matthew George Orias). "A dynamic model of competition." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47858.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2009.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-78).
The Lotka-Volterra competition model has been extensively used in the study of technology interaction. It looks at the growth rate of a certain parameter of the interacting technologies through coupled nonlinear differential equations. The interaction is then modeled as a competition with a constant competition coefficient that adversely affects the growth rate. Various studies, however, have suggested that the interaction is not only pure competition and that other interactions are possible. These suggestions have remained mostly conceptual and descriptive - lacking a definite mathematical form of the interaction that can accommodate the suggested variations and the specific implication of those variations. This thesis presents a specific form of the competition coefficient that depends on the cost and benefit of the competition to a particular technology. The cost and benefit functions are patterned after density-dependent (size) interactions in ecology. The resulting competition coefficient is not a constant but varies as the density of the competing technologies changes. Based on the variable coefficient, we extracted steady states and derived conditions of stability to analyze the dynamics of the competition. Results show that the model can provide a richer set of possibilities compared to the constant coefficient. It accommodates different modes of interactions such as symbiosis and predator-prey aside from pure competition in the steady state coexistence between technologies. It allows for shifts from one mode to another during the evolution of the technologies. Lastly, it provides modifications to strategies meant to achieve "winner-take-all" scenario coveted in business.
by Matthew George Escobido.
S.M.
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Larson, Bradley Jared. "Mathematical Framework for Early System Design Validation Using Multidisciplinary System Models." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3000.
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A significant challenge in the design of multidisciplinary systems (e.g., airplanes, robots, cell phones) is to predict the effects of design decisions at the time these decisions are being made early in the design process. These predictions are used to choose among design options and to validate design decisions. System behavioral models, which predict a system's response to stimulus, provide an analytical method for evaluating a system's behavior. Because multidisciplinary systems contain many different types of components that have diverse interactions, system behavioral models are difficult to develop early in system design and are challenging to maintain as designs are refined. This research develops methods to create, verify, and maintain multidisciplinary system models developed from models that are already part of system design. First, this research introduces a system model formulation that enables virtually any existing engineering model to become part of a large, trusted population of component models from which system behavioral models can be developed. Second, it creates a new algorithm to efficiently quantify the feasible domain over which the system model can be used. Finally, it quantifies system model accuracy early in system design before system measurements are available so that system models can be used to validate system design decisions. The results of this research are enabling system designers to evaluate the effects of design decisions early in system design, improving the predictability of the system design process, and enabling exploration of system designs that differ greatly from existing solutions.
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Chan, Iok Sam. "A meta-model design of a highly customizable workspace collaboration system." Thesis, University of Macau, 2009. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2100829.
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Tavahodi, Mana. "Mixed model predictive control with energy function design for power system." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16374/.
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For reliable service, a power system must remain stable and capable of withstanding a wide range of disturbances especially for the large interconnected systems. In the last decade and a half and in particular after the famous blackout in N.Y. U.S.A. 1965, considerable research effort has gone in to the stability investigation of power systems. To deal with the requirements of real power systems, various stabilizing control techniques were being developed over the last decade. Conventional control engineering approaches are unable to effectively deal with system complexity, nonlinearities, parameters variations and uncertainties. This dissertation presents a non-linear control technique which relies on prediction of the large power system behaviour. One example of a large modern power system formed by interconnecting the power systems of various states is the South-Eastern Australian power network made up of the power systems of Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia. The Model Predictive Control (MPC) for the total power system has been shown to be successful in addressing many large scale nonlinear control problems. However, for application to the high order problems of power systems and given the fast control response required, total MPC is still expensive and is structured for centralized control. This thesis develops a MPC algorithm to control the field currents of generators incorporating them in a decentralized overall control scheme. MPC decisions are based on optimizing the control action in accordance with the predictions of an identified power system model so that the desired response is obtained. Energy Function based design provides good control for direct influence items such as SVC (Static Var Compensators), FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission System) or series compensators and can be used to define the desired flux for generator. The approach in this thesis is to use the design flux for best system control as a reference for MPC. Given even a simple model of the relation between input control signal and the resulting machine flux, the MPC can be used to find the control sequence which will start the correct tracking. The continual recalculation of short time optimal control and then using only the initial control value provides a form of feedback control for the system in the desired tracking task but in a manner which retains the nonlinearity of the model.
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Shi, Jianlin. "Model and tool integration in high level design of embedded system /." Stockholm : Maskinkontruktion, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4589.
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Ellis, David. "The derivation of a behavioural model for information retrieval system design." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1987. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2975/.
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This study outlines the derivation of a behavioural model intended to underpin thinking on questions concerning the design of information retrieval systems for academic social scientists. The historical background of information retrieval research is reviewed and the behavioural assumptions made in that research, characterised as the information retrieval model, are examined. Developments in the research tradition following from the early empirical tests on information retrieval systems are discussed, and problems experienced in the attempt to develop a coherent and practically useful research programme around the notion of relevance as a quantitative concept are analysed. A major alternative to work employing the information retrieval model has been the cognitive approach to information retrieval system design. In research so far undertaken in this approach the system has had to construct a cognitive model of the searcher's requirements in order for retrieval to take place. It is argued that the characteristics of social science information present particular difficulties for building such a model, and that the step of the system building a cognitive model of the searcher's requirements as a pre—requisite for retrieval is unnecessary. Instead, a behavioural approach to system design is recommended. The information seeking patterns of a variety of academic social scientists, derived from transcripts of interviews, were analysed and broken down into six characteristics, starting, chaining, browsing, differentiating, monitoring, and extracting. These characteristics seemed sufficient to exhaust the different generic features of the various patterns, and to provide a flexible behavioural model to underpin thinking about information retrieval system design. The features of an exploratory retrieval system for social scientists based on the characteristics of their information seeking patterns are outlined, the extent to which such features are available in existing systems, and the requirements for implementing the model on an operational system are considered. The argument of the study is that the behavioural approach, and the analysis of information seeking patterns into their characteristics, represents a coherent and practically useful basis for the design of exploratory information retrieval systems for academic social scientists.
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Dunn-Norman, Shari. "A computational model and knowledge based system for well completion design." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1520.
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Karlsson, Kenneth. "Systematic design of competitive production systems : towards a decision model for manufacturing system flow design /." Stockholm, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-1757.
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Xu, Song S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "A shifting method for dynamic system Model Order Reduction." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41726.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Computation for Design and Optimization Program, 2007.Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-86).
Model Order Reduction (MOR) is becoming increasingly important in computational applications. At the same time, the need for more comprehensive models of systems is generating problems with increasing numbers of outputs and inputs. Classical methods, which were developed for Single-Input Single-Output (SISO) systems, generate reduced models that are too computationally inefficient for large Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems. Although many approaches exclusively designed for MIMO systems have emerged during the past decade, they cannot satisfy the overall needs for maintaining the characteristics of systems. This research investigates the reasons for the poor performances of the proposed approaches, using specific examples. Inspired by these existing methods, this research develops a novel way to extract information from MIMO systems, by means of system transfer functions. The approach, called Shifting method, iteratively extracts time-constant shifts from the system and splits the transfer function into several simple systems referred to as contour terms that outline the system structure, and a reducible system referred to as remainder system that complement the Contour Terms. This algorithm produces a remainder system that existing approaches can reduce more effectively. This approach works particularly well for systems with either tightly clustered or well separated modes, and all the operations are O(n). The choice of shifts is based on an optimization process, with Chebyshev Polynomial roots as initial guesses. This paper concludes with a demonstration of the procedure as well as related error and stability analysis.
by Xu, Song.
S.M.
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Hansen, Joakim, and Jens Molin. "Design and Evaluation of an Automatically Generated Diagnosis System." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8029.
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Throughout recent years, legislations concerning emission levels for vehicles have become more restrictive and will be even more restrictive in the future. In the recent European environmental standards, EURO 4 (2006) and EURO 5 (2008), further requirements have been added on top of low emission demands. All heavy duty trucks have to be equipped with an OBD-system. Scania CV AB has today an existing OBD-system that consists of several tests. Typically, a test is designed to check if a signal is inside specified limits or thresholds. To improve the system, Scania CV AB and Vehicular Systems at Linköping University have developed a method to design diagnosis systems in an automatic way, implemented in a toolbox called DSAME.
In this thesis, an automatic designed OBD-system has been created with DSAME and the corresponding parts in a manually designed OBD-system have been identified. The two systems have been compared. The result shows that both systems are equally at detecting faults but the automatic designed OBD-system is a lot better to isolate the faults than the existing OBD-system.
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Chiang, Nhan Tu. "Mesh network model for urban area." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44698.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (p. 52, 2-7 (2nd group)).
Decreasing population, high crime rate, and limited economic opportunities are all symptoms of urban decline. These characteristics are, unfortunately, evident in major cities and small towns. Local municipalities in these cities and towns with the aid of state and federal government have attempted to reverse urban decline through the traditional approach of urban renewal. Their idea was to create low cost housing to attract people back to urban areas. Their approach has shown mixed results with most attempts having no effect on the deterioration. The goal of this thesis is to propose a higher system approach to answer urban decline through the application of new technology, wireless mesh networks. A wireless mesh network can provide improved security, public safety, new economic opportunities, and a bridge that crosses the digital divide. Married to the appropriate applications, a wireless mesh network creates a business model that is both favorable and sustainable. More importantly, the business model brings about the human capital necessary for urban revitalization.
by Nhan Tu Chiang.
S.M.
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Braswell, Ray. "Toward an adapted systems design model for instructional development." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74759.
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This study was conducted primarily to discern ways of adapting traditional instructional design models to better guide educators whose most typical design problem is one of "repurposing" commercial materials to meet already established instructional needs. The problem of using existing materials to satisfy already established goals and objectives is considered in this study to be a uniquely different situation than was envisioned in those cases where designers use systems approaches to develop complete instructional packages. Yet, many educators will find this ideal version of design work difficult to satisfy and rarely have the opportunity (with appropriate resources) to design instruction "according to the book". This research, therefore, was undertaken to provide a practical example of design work, utilizing an interactive video design problem.
The strategy adopted in this study consisted of the following: 1) The author produced an interactive video lesson which could exemplify the potential of repurposing and reveal the design problems encountered; 2) Each of the design "steps" or moves made by the author was preserved through an extensive set of designer notes as well as an audiotaped record of designer and participant comments. In this study, the author's think-aloud protocols were used as data along participant's comments; 3) These process data, the design notes and the audiotaped records were subjected to qualitative analyses borrowed and adapted from standard ethnographic research procedures; 4) Subsequent considerations for repurposing were abstracted from the qualitative analyses and presented as practical guidelines for designers working in an interactive environment.
Of primary interest is the adapted systems design model developed for this study. This model illustrates five considerations for repurposing which deserve special attention: 1) repurposing actually beginning in the middle of the typical design sequence; 2) the matching process which exists between available materials and the existing goals and objectives which has to be satisfied; 3) the effective utilization of repurposed materials in instructional lessons; 4) the reconstruction of the repurposed materials into an acceptable instructional lesson; 5) the creation and incorporation of additional materials which are needed in the instructional unit. Visual illustrations showing the relationships between these considerations and the typical design scenario are presented in the study. The adapted model presented in this study provides for those instructional designers, who rarely have the time or expertise, a practical set of procedural considerations.Ed. D.
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Huang, Ken S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Towards an information technology infrastructure cost model." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42365.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2007.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 66-67).
Ever since the introduction of the Internet in 1994, one of the defining characteristics of the global economy, particularly in the US, is a dramatic increase in expenditures on Information Technology. While this trend is expected to continue, a major issue for companies of all sizes is the manner in which precise forecasting of future IT cost may be undertaken. The present thesis investigates the possibility that a set of the essential deterministic cost drivers with varying weighted factors may prove capable of estimating total IT infrastructure costs. An online questionnaire was developed for this purpose, and was used to survey senior IT leadership teams. The data collected from this survey was then computed with Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to illustrate the relative importance of different cost drivers. The study revealed three primary findings. First, that a set of essential deterministic cost drivers with varying weighted factors could be used as a general tool for estimating the total cost of IT infrastructure. Second, these different sectors prioritize cost drivers differently from each other. In the Financial Services sector, for instance, the security of the IT network was reported to be of greater importance than the service call response time. In the Technology sector, however, the opposite was true. Third, numerous correlations were found to exist within each cost driver category defined. The correlated nature of these cost parameters may mean that a more parsimonious model may be more predictive of total IT infrastructure costs. It is hoped that these findings may be of benefit to a variety of large and small commercial and government entities, which may be able to use the predictive cost drivers to help eliminate problems related to inaccurate IT cost estimates.
(cont.) It is believed that the cost model proposed may be applicable across a variety of economic sectors. In this thesis, its applicability is demonstrated within the 3 financial services and technology sectors. Future research may be useful in evaluating the model further, by increasing the sample size, and by testing the reliability and validity of the cost model within additional economic sectors.
by Ken Huang.
S.M.
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Huang, Bin S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "A tactical planning model for a serial flow manufacturing system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61890.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Computation for Design and Optimization Program, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 55).
This project aims to improve the operation and planning of a specific type of manufacturing system, a serial flow line that entails a sequence of process stages. The objective is to investigate inventory policy, raw material ordering policy, production planning and scheduling policy, in the face of demand uncertainty, raw material arrival uncertainty and in-process failure. The tactics being explored include segmenting the serial flow line with decoupling buffers to protect against demand and raw material arrival uncertainty, and production smoothing to reduce production-related costs and the variance in upstream processes. Key policies for each segment include a work release policy from the decoupling buffer before the segment, and a production control policy to manage work-in-process inventory level within the segment and to meet inventory targets in each downstream decoupling buffer. We also explore raw material ordering policy with fixed ordering times, long lead-times and staggered deliveries in a make-to-order setting. A tactical model has been developed to capture the key uncertainties and to determine the operating tactics through analysis and optimization. This study also includes extensive numerical tests to validate the output of the tactical model as well as to gain a better understanding of how the tactical model reacts to different parameter variations.
by Bin Huang.
S.M.
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Deb, Abhijit Kumar. "System Design for DSP Applications with the MASIC Methodology." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Microelectronics and Information Technology, IMIT, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3820.
Full textAbstract:
The difficulties of system design are persistentlyincreasing due to the integration of more functionality on asystem, time-to-market pressure, productivity gap, andperformance requirements. To address the system designproblems, design methodologies build system models at higherabstraction level. However, the design task to map an abstractfunctional model on a system architecture is nontrivial becausethe architecture contains a wide variety of system componentsand interconnection topology, and a given functionality can berealized in various ways depending on cost-performancetradeoffs. Therefore, a system design methodology must provideadequate design steps to map the abstract functionality on adetailed architecture.
MASICMaths to ASICis a system design methodologytargeting DSP applications. In MASIC, we begin with afunctional model of the system. Next, the architecturaldecisions are captured to map the functionality on the systemarchitecture. We present a systematic approach to classify thearchitectural decisions in two categories: system leveldecisions (SLDs) and implementation level decisions (ILDs). Asa result of this categorization, we only need to consider asubset of the decisions at once. To capture these decisions inan abstract way, we present three transaction level models(TLMs) in the context of DSP systems. These TLMs capture thedesign decisions using abstract transactions where timing ismodeled only to describe the major synchronization events. As aresult the functionality can be mapped to the systemarchitecture without meticulous details. Also, the artifacts ofthe design decisions in terms of delay can be simulatedquickly. Thus the MASIC approach saves both modeling andsimulation time. It also facilitates the reuse of predesignedhardware and software components.
To capture and inject the architectural decisionsefficiently, we present the grammar based language of MASIC.This language effectively helps us to implement the stepspertaining to the methodology. A Petri net based simulationtechnique is developed, which avoids the need to compile theMASIC description to VHDL for the sake of simulation. We alsopresent a divide and conquer based approach to verify the MASICmodel of a system.
Keywords:System design methodology, Signal processingsystems, Design decision, Communication, Computation, Modeldevelopment, Transaction level model, System design language,Grammar, MASIC.