Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Personnalism'
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Bouquet, Natacha. "Le travail comme constitutif d'une identite individuelle, culturelle et/ou personnelle (questionnement dans le cadre post-moderne)." Grenoble 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE29013.
Full textFor study the function of the work in the individual identity construction in the post-modern cultures, we want to know if the individual identity is implied in and by the post-modern work, and how it collaborate on his construction. We think that a certain work, the production work, is fundamental in the post- modern cultures. It's for this reason that it influence the identity, positively and negatively. Identity and work are human fact; but their realisation is cultural and personal. The work is a production work, and is in relation with the production and the consumption. This work influence the individual identity, but only on his cultural dimension. The personal dimension of the identity is forgotten. The reactions at the problems in relation with the work exist only at the level of the cultural dimension of the identity. They are subjected to the illusion process. It is possible to find a solution by questioning the reels reasons of personal problems. These reasons are in relation with the submission of + be ; to + have
Hardy, Quentin. "Irrésistible progrès ? : essayistes-philosophes au cœur de la querelle du machinisme dans la France de l’entre-deux-guerres." Thesis, Paris 1, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA01H206.
Full textBased on a corpus of French essayist-philosophers from the 1930s, this thesis is a contribution to the history of the critics of the idea of progress in the 20th century. It argues that these critics promoted the concept of machinism as a legitimate category for thinking the contemporary world, which should widen the field of philosophy in return. In these essayists’ point of view, philosophy should think the tragedy of/in the ordinary by paying attention to historical contingencies and real people. These marginalized authors considered industrial modernity, capitalism, and sovietism as processes falling under the category of productivism. In order to identify the ideological specificities of the interwar period and to better understand what is at stake the controversy over machinism, this thesis surveys the discourses on modernity of this period. The "Machine" became the major focus of these authors’ attempts to capture the meaning of industrial modernity. A tension emerged between the imperative of rationalisation associated with productivism, and the rejection of what was perceived as a heteronomous order, dispossessing individuals and societies of their own futures. After having identified the issues at stake in the discourses on modernization, we distinguish two types of critics: a spiritualist cultural critique and a socio-political critique of industrial society, where capitalism and sovietism merged in a common cult of productivism. While most authors of our corpus here spoke out against the hegemonic philosophy of history with its promise of a linear progress, some essayist-philosophers tried to elaborate a disoriented history, open to revolutionary transformation
Beaujouan, Yves-Marie. "La structure factorielle de l'opq (occupational personality questionnaireʿ? dans huit pays." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA05H003.
Full textCousson-Gélie, Florence. "L'évolution différentielle de la maladie et de la qualité de vie de patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein : rôle de certains facteurs psychologiques, biologiques et sociaux : une étude semi-prospective en psychologie de la santé." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR21015.
Full textTo test the multifactorial model of health psychology, we have studied the impact of certain biological, psychological and social factors on breast cancer evolution and quality of life. 75 breast cancer patients aged from 30 to 70 years and treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy have been followed for two years, since breast cancer diagnosis. The data relative to sociobiographical and personality characteristics (predictors) were collected before the announcement of the diagnosis. The adjustment strategies (mediators) were evaluated three weeks after the diagnosis. Quality of life and evolution of the disease were estimated two years after the announcement of the diagnosis. Results shows that breast cancer patients have recourse to four qualitatively different coping strategies : perceived control, problem-focused strategy, hopelessness and perceived social support. High trait anxiety, unfavorable body perception, presence of progesterone receptors are associated with the perceived control strategy. High trait anxiety, favorable body perception, patient's poor health and inflammatory tumor are linked to hopelessness. High number of life events and presence of estrogen receptors predicted the use of problem-focused strategy. Separation or husband's loss and a high histologic grade were associated with perceived social support. Furthermore, results shows that a large number of children, high trait anxiety, patient's poor health, inflammatory tumor, absence of menopause and hopelessness reaction to the diagnosis, perceived control and problem-focused strategies predicted a poor quality of life. Absence of previous psychiatric problems, widowhood, inflammatory tumor and hopelessness are associated with an unfavorable evolution of the disease. The results also indicate that there is a mediator effect of coping strategies between some predictors and quality of life
Johnston, Gladys. "L'enfant asthmatique en periode de latence. Proposition d'une strategie therapeutique." Caen, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CAEN1317.
Full textChang, Bingbing. "Évaluation du stress au travail et méthodes de prévention." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS214.
Full textThis thesis aims to develop and validate experimentally a method of assessing professional stress inspired by the “Job Demands-Resources” model in a company and in Ph.D students. Two questionnaires customized to these two populations (employees vs. Ph.D students) were created and validated. The results show that our two questionnaires are reliable, valid and flexible to various professional contexts. Measures of coping, well-being and lifestyle allow for an overall assessment of the stressful situation and its repercussions on the individual. Stress profiles and coping combinations identified by Cluster analysis provide a better understanding of the complexities of psychological problems. The final part is devoted to a protocol of induction of psychological stress in a laboratory setting to evaluate and treat an inherent state of stress in a professional context. This protocol of stress induction inspired by the Trier Social Stress Test was set up to study the associations among personality, coping, emotions and heart rate variability. Anxiety traits, neuroticism, extraversion, and consciousness play important roles in stress, coping, and heart rate variability. Fear and shame have been identified as the negative emotions of stress. Mitigation of certain positive emotions has been revealed under stress. These studies offer new directions for the psychological risks’ prevention and serve as a basis for an innovative, inexpensive and adapted tool to a wider variety of professions for the detection and management of occupational stress
Ferchaud, Dominique. "Humour et personnalité." Nice, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NICE2011.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to determine whether humoristic creation is influenced by somme affective data of personality. We both used the Rosezweig picture frustation study and some cartoons without caption, also based on the main "hero"'s frustation. Subjects were instructed to find some captions as funny and amusing as possible for the 21 selected cartoons. The captions were scored with the test's criteria of agression. Then, each subject's aptions were compared with his final scring of agression in the Rosenzweig's test. The comparison between the test and the cartoons showed that the extrapunitive subjects found more ironic captions. Intropunitive and impunitive subjects was previously interviewed on laugh and humor. A clinical investigation of these interviews was done. 50 subjects composed our sample : they were different in age, sex and social classes. It disclosed the importance of laugh in each subject's every day life, his self-evaluation of his humoristic abilities and its consequence on his participation to the cartoon, the kind of connections he put up with other people thaks to laugh and the kind of defense he set up in theses connections
Ben, Ticha Sonia. "Recommandation personnalisée hybride." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0168/document.
Full textFace to the ongoing rapid expansion of the Internet, user requires help to access to items that may interest her or him. A personalized recommender system filters relevant items from huge catalogue to particular user by observing his or her behavior. The approach based on observing user behavior from his interactions with the website is called usage analysis. Collaborative Filtering and Content-Based filtering are the most widely used techniques in personalized recommender system. Collaborative filtering uses only data from usage analysis to build user profile, while content-based filtering relies in addition on semantic information of items. Hybrid approach is another important technique, which combines collaborative and content-based methods to provide recommendations. The aim of this thesis is to present a new hybridization approach that takes into account the semantic information of items to enhance collaborative recommendations. Several approaches have been proposed for learning a new user profile inferring preferences for semantic information describing items. For each proposed approach, we address the sparsity and the scalability problems. We prove also, empirically, an improvement in recommendations accuracy against collaborative filtering and content-based filtering
Yildirim, Gulsen. "L'autonomie financiere dans la communaute de vie." Limoges, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIMO0475.
Full textDang, Ngoc Frédéric. "Moteur de recherche personnalisé et décentralisé." Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA112010.
Full textIn this thesis, we will describe the search engine maay that we have conceived. The motivation is to propose an alternative to web search engines (google, yahoo!, etc. ) whose lack of transparency makes less credible (skewed results, censorship, privacy, etc. ). In the system, we propose to use the users, more particularly, their actions in the system, to personalize results. In maay, publications, indexations and searches are decentralized on user's computers. Each computer (peer) learns semantic profiles of other peers and of documents from observations of search and download messages. By preferentially querying peers with similar semantic profiles, and by ranking documents according to the requester profile, users may find documents which are relevant for them. That is what we show through simulations. To do so, we propose a user and document model, and several measures to evaluate the efficiency of a search system to provide personalized answers to its users. The results that we have obtained show that maay succeeds in adapting to its users by providing them personalized answers. Finally, we have implemented a prototype of maay to test its feasibility and the functionalities that will be implemented in the final version of our system
Compain, Jean-Marie. "La personnalité de Montaigne." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040185.
Full textThis doctoral thesis is a psychological and biographical study of Michel de Montaigne. Historical documents (such as testaments, letters, diary: Journal de voyage) are used, but also the essays' self-portrait examined critically. Montaigne's personality (physical constitution, mind, social behavior and life interior) is examined, essentially from a new viewpoint, psychological and psychoanalytical
Hahusseau, Stéphanie. "Troubles de la personnalité et thérapie cognitivo-comportementale." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR23039.
Full textLandry, Gilles. "Méthode Outdoor et développement des composantes psychologiques de la personnalité." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR28372.
Full textHua, Jiewen. "Psychophysiological adaptation to acute and chronic stress and the role of individual differences." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA113008.
Full textThe primary objective of this thesis is to understand the psychophysiological adaptation of individuals to acute and chronic stress and how individual differences influence it. For this aim, we conducted two large studies with regards to acute and chronic stress, respectively. In the first experimentation, we presented a laboratory induced stress protocol (a public speaking task), which proved successful in eliciting acute psychosocial stressor. Next, we took into account the multidisciplinary assessment (i.e., psychological, physiological and behavioural) to study stress responses and performance. We found that the failure of stress performance was associated mainly with personality trait (i.e., trait anxiety), emotions, cognitive appraisals and coping. Moreover, we suggested a mediation model showing that trait anxiety linked to poor performance indirectly through coping, indicating an important role of the stress management ability. Finally, we found that emotion regulation deficit, i.e., alexithymia was associated with significant increased HPA activity on cortisol, suggesting alexithymia modulate physiological stress response. In the second part, we studied the chronic stress consequences on disordered eating in a total of 675 university student athletes in China and France. Results supported a mediation effect on the negative relationship between the secure parental attachment and disordered eating through alexithymia and neuroticism. Furthermore, despite a higher prevalence was observed in the Chinese sample than in French, our results suggested this stress-related eating behaviour was a general psychological problem rather than a cultural issue. This thesis has practical meanings in providing an acute stress protocol which can be put into training. By understanding risk factors for stress responses, performance and stress-related illness, we may indeed help individual to cope better with stress and increase their well-being
Petit, Jean-François. "Le personnalisme d'Emmanuel Mounier dans la modernité." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040107.
Full textIs the personnalism of Emmanuel Mounier able to answer to the philosophical exigencies of the modernity ? This thesis shows his dialogue with philosophies of his time : constitutive dialogues (Bergson, Pascal, Descartes), “political” dialogues ( with idealism, marxism, fascism), “maturity” dialogues (Nietzsche, Freud, Sartre, Heidegger). This exploration establishes the rich of the personnalism but therefore the problematic articulation between philosophy and christianity in his bosom. The desirable positionnement and the conditions of his placing in work are after redeemed. His central concepts (the person and the community) must be reelaborated. His method, attentive to the pluralism, deserve to be prolonged. Lastly, to a pratical plan, personnalism can participate to the regeneration of the discourse on the democracy and to the redirecting of the christianity in the society
Dubernat, Sandrine-Alexia. "La non-patrimonialité du corps humain." Bordeaux 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR40006.
Full textDuplessis, Élisabeth. "Intolérance à l'incertitude et personnalité." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2801.
Full textPernot, Denis. "La société sans personnalité morale." Besançon, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BESA0001.
Full textIn french law, the companies are acknowledged moral status from the moment when they get registered in the trade and companies registers. The partnerschips (la societe en participation et la societe creee de fait) are exceptions, in so far as they are not subject to the legal necessity of publicity and to registration. In consequence, they do not constitute corporate bodies separate from the partners who from them. They have no patrimony of their own, no legal competency. The object of this work with its references is to study the legal requisites of these partnerships which, in their similarities, are so original
Chevallier, François. "Personnalité juridique et subjectivité philiosophique." Aix-Marseille 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX32076.
Full textThe notion of juridic personality which refers to that of subjectivity emerges in the history of law, contemporarily with the concept of subject in the history of philosophy. Juridic personality and philosophical subjectivity develop in convergence with the advent of modernity up to the classical period, then they diverge. While the concept of subject is affected during the « post-modern » period, the juridical science in its approach of personal phenomenon seems to conserve in a privileged way, the philosophical basis of reference of Descartes and Kant. This gap has a epistemological nature. A conceptual analysis of personality and subjectivity, and a practical approach of subjectivity in the domain of culpability and responsibility, lead to the conclusion of a necessity for the law science to take more distance with the two great traditional figures of transcendence : the divine and the subject, in rehabilitating the philosophical tradition of immanence
Schoenacker, Françoise. "La personnalité des enfants myopathes." Toulouse 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU20119.
Full textMyopathy is a degenerative muscle disease which doams the patirnt to a premature death (between 18 and 25 years) by breathing failure. As a moving handicap. Degenerative short term mortal pathology. Myopathy causes repercussions on psycholo gycal structure of the child because it plays upon all which is at the origin of psychoaffective social and cognitive developpement. The target of this work is to study repercussions of myopathy upon own structuration of the patient. And particularly to see how the pathologic process may be at the origin of some atti tudes. Comportements and stroke of character. Results show that. Despite individual variations, some constants about personality of the myopath (dependance retiring within ownself,agressivity, immaturity. . . ) stroke that are not typically found by other moving handicaped patients. Howener, it does not seam that we can really speak about a special structure of personality by every myopath. Common stroke indeed are not inducted by myopathy and its cause. But must be set on particular situation drawed by myopathy. What is typical. Is the common situation but a wide variety of answers in front of it explains individual differences. It seems that individual variations result from 2 factors : mental capacity and attitude circle family especially. Despite progresses of research, myopathy is still an incura ble disease. Facing ineluctable, child and his family find themselves in a distress
Ould, Amer Nawal. "Recherche sociale et personnalisée d'Information." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALM071.
Full textA wide range of services and platforms make the user more and more interactive with the web. A lot of information that concerns both users and resources (documents, images, videos, comments, tweets, tags, etc.) is constantly generated. This information can be very useful in information retrieval tasks, for user modeling. However, classical information retrieval models do not integrate the social context of the user.Therefore, a lot of research has been interested in combining these two areas of information retrieval and social networks, which has given rise to models of social information retrieval and personalised social information retrieval.The extraction, analysis and representation of information about the social activities of users play an important role in the personalized information retrieval systems. Hence, it is crucial to create accurate user models and infer their interests from all this information.In this thesis, we investigate how to create a user profile using folksonomies. We study the problem of terms weighting. Specifically, how to estimate among all the user data, the useful information that can be used to represent his interests.In the first part of this thesis, we present a review of state-of-the-art research on information retrieval and personalized social information retrieval work.In the second part, we describe our two main contributions. The first contribution of this thesis lies in the definition of a user tag-based model, where these tags cover the topics of the documents to which they are associated. Our approach is distinguished by the integration of the document content into the estimation of user tag weights.The second contribution of this thesis concerns the definition of a new approach of user modeling based on documents. The particularity of this model is to use user tags to estimate the relevant document terms. The goal is to select only the terms that describe the document topics, which interest the user.The last part of the thesis is dedicated to the evaluation of our proposals. The results obtained are very encouraging and our approaches improve the performance of the IR systems
Fleury, Adeane Cristina. "Vulnérabilité psychique, personnalité et cancer : est-il légitime d'établir une relation entre personnalité et cancer ?" Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081593.
Full textMorelli, Nicolas. "L'exception de personnalité morale : ou la personnalité juridique de la société envisagée comme moyen de défense." Aix-Marseille 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX32006.
Full textThe subject can be defined as the use, within the context of a trial, of the side effects of the corporate veil. It allows us to conceptualize the corporate veil both as "an inviolable end" and a "finalized and regulated means of the law". This affirmation appears to be very simple. Nevertheless, the very fact of envisaging the corporate veil as an end of the law is not obvious: it is usually seen as a concept, both contested and limited. One could have expected a silent shift in the understanding of the corporate veil from an "idealistic" to a "realistic" approach. But the examination of the precedent encourages us to apprehend the corporate veil as a dynamic, invariable concept, and to notice the existence of a profound tendency to promote it as a true (and thus exclusive) support of the liabilities. Paradoxically, this understanding of the corporate veil is today completed rather than contested by contemporary expressions of the theory of the lifting of the corporate veil
Boisard-Petrissans, Julie. "Couple et protection de la personnalité." Pau, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PAUU2007.
Full textThe advent of a society focused on the individual ranks the search of happiness up to a genuine social requirement. Nothing must interfere with, couple’s relations included. Such a militant individualism stands though actually in the way of living together. In fact, the notion of a tie inherent in the pair proves to be a priori antinomic with the demand of a support of personality : individuality goes against unity. Does it mean therefore that the yearnings for identity, typical of our post-modern society lead to consider the relation between woman and man as fellowship of two strictly independent individualities? Everyone can, by instinct, easily discern it can’t be so. The pair never shows any indifference to the fate of protection of personality : an enrichment of the personality, thanks to the couple, will suit to the imparing of the support of personality by the pair. This impact, both negative and positive of the couple on the protection of personality isn’t though unvarying. It differs not only according to the means of personality 5rignhts of personality and civil freedoms) but also according to ways of living together. Differences between couples aren’t obliterated. They reveal the deep motive of each way of living together
Teyssier, Julien. "La personnalité interculturelle : socialisation, enculturation, interculturation." Amiens, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AMIE0017.
Full textChauvin, Bruno. "Personnalité, croyances, et perception des risques." Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT3034.
Full textThe main purpose of this dissertation was to examine the relationship between two kinds of individual variables – New Age beliefs and personality facets – and risk perception. 795 respondents were asked to estimate a) a broad range of hazards reported by Bouyer & al (2001) and evaluated by means of psychometric paradigm (Slovic, Fischhoff & Lichtenstein, 1985a); b) an array of paranormal beliefs that were investigated by Sjöberg & af Wahlberg (2002); And, c) a whole set of personality items extracted from a methodological framework AB5C IPIP (Goldberg, 1999). A eight-factor solution was retained to depict risk perception: Common individual hazards, Pollutants, Energy production, Sex and addictions, Psychotropic drugs, Weapons, Outdoor activities and Medical care. Variables age, sex, and educational level were investigated. Only about 5% of the variance of perceived risk was accounted for by these demographic characteristics. New Age beliefs contributed positively but weakly to the prediction of perceived risk. Energy production was proved to be the most predicted risk factor by New Age beliefs (6% of the variance). Key personality facets pertaining to each of Big Five factors were identified. They were most predictive of risk perception. These facets were Self-disclosure, Tenderness, Rationality, Imperturbability, and Creativity. These facets are effective individual explanatory determinants of perceived risk and should be taken into account for understanding individual risk perception in depth
Bernoussi, Amal. "Addiction au cannabis et personnalité limite." Toulouse 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU20036.
Full textThe research presented originates in a double set of problems : on the one hand revelation of cannabis addiction and on the other hand the link between cannabis addiction and borderline personality adaptation ("character neurosis" and "character psychosis"). With this aim in mind, we hypothesized that self esteem, behavioral involvement, activity system and representation of the rules and expectations of society define the type of personality adjustment of cannabis addict ("character neurosis" et "character psychosis"). The first phase of our research consisted of characterization of the sample. Our population consisted of 70 cannabis addict selected according to precise inclusion criteria (the cannabis dependency questionnaire, the Addiction severity index and criteria of bordreline personnahty according to the DSM IV). The second phase investigated our general hypothesis based on self-esteem, behavioral involvement, activity system and representation of the rules and expectations of society. In order to test our hypothesis and its correlations, we used the following evaluation tools : the Self esteem inventory, Hand test, the Telic dominance scale and the semi-structured interview mode. Self esteem, activity system and representation of the rules and expectations of society are in fact discriminant components of the cannabis addicts in our sample. Behavioral involvement was weakly significant in differentiating cannabis addicts according to personality adjustment. In conclusion, the personality adjustment of the cannabis addict, has an influence on cannabis consumption. Cannabis addiction is controlled if personality adjustment is of "character neurosis" type, but on the other hand addiction will be reinforced if the adjustment is of "character psychosis" type
Del, Prete Michela. "Thérapie radionucléidique personnalisée des tumeurs neuroendocrines." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/35285.
Full textCette thèse de doctorat porte sur le traitement personnalisé des tumeurs neuroendocrines (TNE) en utilisant la thérapie radiométabolique par 177Lu-octréotate. Comme la plupart des TNE surexpriment des récepteurs de la somatostatine (RSST)s, les analogues de la somatostatine radiomarqués sont utilisés dans le diagnostic des TNE par imagerie moléculaire, ainsi que pour la radiothérapie interne en utilisant des radionucléides émetteurs bêta (PRRT : peptide receptor radionuclide therapy). Les protocoles actuels de la PRRT impliquent l’administration de 4 cycles d’une activité fixe de 177Lu-octréotate (p. ex. 7,4 GBq), ce qui donne des doses de radiation absorbée très variables pour les organes critiques et les lésions tumorales. Les faibles taux de toxicité sérieuse rénale et hématopoïétique (< 1 %) après traitement au 177Lu-octréotate suggèrent que la plupart des patients reçoivent un traitement sous-optimal. La mise en place d’une personnalisation de l’activité administrée en fonction de la dosimétrie individualisée par imagerie moléculaire quantitative pourrait donc permettre de maximiser la réponse chez chaque patient, comparativement au régime empirique, et ce, en augmentant la dose tumorale absorbée sans dépasser les seuils de toxicité aux organes critiques. Les objectifs de cette thèse étaient donc, (i) de simuler un régime de PRRT personnalisée (P-PRRT) à partir d’une cohorte de patients atteints de TNE traités par PRRT empirique, (ii) de rapporter les premiers résultats dosimétriques, d’efficacité et de toxicité de notre essai prospectif de PRRT personnalisée (NCT02754297) et finalement (iii) d’évaluer l’exactitude et la reproductibilité interobservateurs des protocoles simplifiés de dosimétrie à deux temps (Jour 1 et 3) ou à un temps unique (Jour 3) basés sur la tomographie quantitative par émission de photon (QSPECT : quantitative single-photon emission computed tomography) effectuée après chaque administration de thérapie. Un autre objectif de la dernière étude était la mise à jour de notre protocole personnalisé de prescription de l’activité injectée (AI). (i) Pour répondre au premier objectif, nous nous sommes basés sur une étude rétrospective afin de concevoir un protocole personnalisé de PRRT basé sur les calculs dosimétriques. Par la suite, une simulation de ce protocole a été effectuée rétrospectivement chez des patients atteints de TNE traités par PRRT depuis 2012 à l’Hôpital de l’Hôtel-Dieu de Québec. Selon notre régime personnalisé de PRRT, la dose rénale absorbée par AI était prédite en fonction de la surface corporelle (SC) et le taux de filtration glomérulaire (TFG) pour le premier cycle de traitement, et par la dosimétrie rénale du cycle précédent (ou la moyenne de la dosimétrie rénale des deux derniers cycles) pour les cycles suivants. En normalisant la dose rénale absorbée administrée pendant les cycles d’induction, notre approche personnalisée a démontré une augmentation moyenne significative de 1,48 fois la dose cumulative maximale absorbée par la tumeur par rapport au régime empirique, augmentant potentiellement le bénéfice thérapeutique sans dépasser le seuil de toxicité rénale. (ii) Sur la base de notre étude rétrospective, et en appliquant le protocole de PRRT personnalisée développé aux patients atteints de TNE métastatique traités depuis avril 2016 à l’Hôpital de l’Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, nous avons rapporté les premiers résultats dosimétriques sur l’efficacité et la toxicité de notre essai prospectif de PRRT personnalisée. Notre approche personnalisée a démontré une augmentation significative de la dose tumorale absorbée médiane de 1,26 fois par rapport au régime de PRRT empirique simulé sans augmenter le taux de toxicité sérieuse des organes critiques liée au traitement. Le traitement personnalisé a donné un taux de réponse partielle ou mineure de 59 % avec une stabilité dans 33,3 % des cas. En particulier, la PRRT personnalisée a induit une réponse partielle ou mineure chez 84,6 % des patients atteints de TNE d’origine pancréatique (pTNE). Finalement, le profil de sécurité est similaire à celui du régime empirique alors qu’aucun patient n’a présenté d'insuffisance rénale sévère. (iii) La dosimétrie, obtenue à l’aide de petits volumes d’intérêt pour l'échantillonnage de concentration d’activité pour le rein, la moelle osseuse et la tumeur dominante, est basée sur trois temps (Jour 0, 1 et 3) selon la pratique courante. Toutefois, en raison de la complexité de cette procédure, des méthodes de dosimétrie plus pratiques mais robustes sont nécessaires pour une adoption clinique étendue. Nous avons démontré qu’un protocole simplifié de dosimétrie basé sur des images QSPECT à deux temps fournit des estimations de dose reproductibles et plus précises que les techniques basées sur un seul temps. Nous avons aussi observé une excellente reproductibilité interobservateurs, en particulier pour la dose rénale, en utilisant les deux méthodes les plus précises basées sur trois ou deux temps avec des erreurs moyennes < 1 % et des écarts-types ≤ 5 %. Finalement, nous avons mis à jour notre protocole de P-PRRT : la dose rénale absorbée peut être normalisée en personnalisant l’AI en fonction du produit du TFG avec la SC pour le premier cycle et de la dosimétrie rénale précédente pour les cycles subséquents. En conclusion, nous avons conçu et validé un protocole de personnalisation de la PRRT au 177Lu-octréotate basé sur la dosimétrie, dans lequel la dose absorbée au rein est contrôlée et normalisée. La personnalisation de la PRRT permet d’augmenter de façon significative la dose absorbée à la tumeur, et ainsi la probabilité d’obtenir une meilleure réponse thérapeutique, tout en limitant le risque de toxicité aux organes critiques. Nous proposons également un protocole de dosimétrie simplifiée, basé sur l'imagerie QSPECT en deux temps, en utilisant des petits volumes d’intérêt. Cette méthode donne des résultats de dosimétrie précis, notamment pour les reins et la tumeur, et une reproductibilité interobservateur élevée.
(ii) Sur la base de notre étude rétrospective, et en appliquant le protocole de PRRT personnalisée développé aux patients atteints de TNE métastatique traités depuis avril 2016 à l’Hôpital de l’Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, nous avons rapporté les premiers résultats dosimétriques sur l’efficacité et la toxicité de notre essai prospectif de PRRT personnalisée. Notre approche personnalisée a démontré une augmentation significative de la dose tumorale absorbée médiane de 1,26 fois par rapport au régime de PRRT empirique simulé sans augmenter le taux de toxicité sérieuse des organes critiques liée au traitement. Le traitement personnalisé a donné un taux de réponse partielle ou mineure de 59 % avec une stabilité dans 33,3 % des cas. En particulier, la PRRT personnalisée a induit une réponse partielle ou mineure chez 84,6 % des patients atteints de TNE d’origine pancréatique (pTNE). Finalement, le profil de sécurité est similaire à celui du régime empirique alors qu’aucun patient n’a présenté d'insuffisance rénale sévère. (iii) La dosimétrie, obtenue à l’aide de petits volumes d’intérêt pour l'échantillonnage de concentration d’activité pour le rein, la moelle osseuse et la tumeur dominante, est basée sur trois temps (Jour 0, 1 et 3) selon la pratique courante. Toutefois, en raison de la complexité de cette procédure, des méthodes de dosimétrie plus pratiques mais robustes sont nécessaires pour une adoption clinique étendue. Nous avons démontré qu’un protocole simplifié de dosimétrie basé sur des images QSPECT à deux temps fournit des estimations de dose reproductibles et plus précises que les techniques basées sur un seul temps. Nous avons aussi observé une excellente reproductibilité interobservateurs, en particulier pour la dose rénale, en utilisant les deux méthodes les plus précises basées sur trois ou deux temps avec des erreurs moyennes < 1 % et des écarts-types ≤ 5 %. Finalement, nous avons mis à jour notre protocole de P-PRRT : la dose rénale absorbée peut être normalisée en personnalisant l’AI en fonction du produit du TFG avec la SC pour le premier cycle et de la dosimétrie rénale précédente pour les cycles subséquents. En conclusion, nous avons conçu et validé un protocole de personnalisation de la PRRT au ¹⁷⁷Lu-octréotate basé sur la dosimétrie, dans lequel la dose absorbée au rein est contrôlée et normalisée. La personnalisation de la PRRT permet d’augmenter de façon significative la dose absorbée à la tumeur, et ainsi la probabilité d’obtenir une meilleure réponse thérapeutique, tout en limitant le risque de toxicité aux organes critiques. Nous proposons également un protocole de dosimétrie simplifiée, basé sur l'imagerie QSPECT en deux temps, en utilisant des petits volumes d’intérêt. Cette méthode donne des résultats de dosimétrie précis, notamment pour les reins et la tumeur, et une reproductibilité interobservateur élevée.
(ii) Based on our retrospective study and applying our developed personalized PRRT protocol to the patients with metastatic NET treated since April 2016 at l’Hotel-Dieu de Québec hospital, we reported the preliminary data on dosimetry, efficacy and safety from our prospective PRRT trial. Our personalized approach yielded a significant increase in the median absorbed tumor dose (1.26 fold) compared with the simulated empirical PRRT regimen, without increasing the rate of serious treatment-related toxicity for critical organs. The personalized treatment gave a partial or minor response rate of 59 % and stability in 33.3 % of cases. In particular, the personalized PRRT regime resulted in a partial or minor response in 84.6 % of patients with NET of pancreatic origin (pNET). Finally, the safety profile was similar to that of the empirical regimen whereas, no patient has had severe renal impairment. (iii) According to the current practice, the dosimetry, obtained using small volumes of interest activity for concentration sampling in the kidney, bone marrow and the dominant tumor, is based on three time points (day 0, 1 and 3). However, due to the complexity of this procedure, more practical yet robust dosimetry methods are required for extended clinical use. We have observed that a simplified dosimetry protocol based on two-time point QSPECT scanning on Day 1 and 3 after PRRT treatment provides reproducible and more accurate dose estimates than the techniques relying on a single time point for noninitial or all cycles. We also observed an excellent inter-observer reproducibility, in particular for the renal absorbed dose using the two most precise dosimetry methods based on three or two time points with mean relative errors < 1 % and standard deviations ≤ 5 %. In addition, we have updated our P-PRRT protocol. In particular, renal absorbed radiation dose over a four-cycle induction PRRT course can be standardized by personalizing IA based on the product of estimated GFR with BSA for the first cycle, and on prior renal dosimetry for the subsequent cycles. In conclusion, we have designed and validated a personalized PRRT protocol with ¹⁷⁷Lu-octreotate based on dosimetry, in which the absorbed dose to the kidney is controlled and standardized. The personalization of PRRT can significantly increase the dose absorbed to the tumor, and thus the probability of obtaining a better therapeutic response, while limiting the risk of toxicity to critical organs. We also proposed a simplified dosimetry protocol, based on two time-points QSPECT scans, using small volumes of interest. This method gives accurate dosimetry results, especially for the kidneys and the tumors, and high interobserver reproducibility.
This doctoral thesis is focused on the personalized treatment of neuroendocrine tumours (NET) using ¹⁷⁷Lu-octreotate radiometabolic therapy. Since NETs overexpress somatostatin receptors (SSRT)s, radiolabeled somatostatin analogues are used in the diagnosis of NETs by molecular imaging, and for internal radiotherapy using beta-emitting radionuclides (PRRT: peptide receptor radionuclide therapy). The existing protocols for PRRT involve the administration of 4 cycles of a fixed activity of ¹⁷⁷Lu-octreotate (i.e., 7.4 GBq), which gives highly variable absorbed radiation doses to critical organs and tumor lesions. The low incidence of serious renal and hematopoietic toxicities (< 1 %) of ¹⁷⁷Luoctreotate suggests that the majority of patients are undertreated. The personalization of the administered activity according to the individualized dosimetry obtained from quantitative molecular imaging could make possible to maximize the response in each patient, compared to the empirical regime, without exceeding the thresholds of toxicity to the critical organs. The objectives of this thesis were, therefore (i) to simulate a personalized PRRT (P-PRRT) regime in a cohort of patients with NET treated with empiric PRRT, (ii) to report the preliminary data on dosimetry, efficacy and safety from our prospective PRRT trial and (iii) to assess the accuracy and the inter-observer reproducibility of simplified two time points (Day 1 and 3) or one time point (Day 3) dosimetry protocols based on quantitative single-photon emission computed tomography (QSPECT) performed after each PRRT cycle. Another objective of the last study concerned the update of our P-PRRT protocol. (i) We first reviewed retrospective data on patients with NETs treated with PRRT since 2012 at l’Hôtel-Dieu de Québec hospital. According to our P-PRRT regimen, the renal absorbed dose per injected activity (IA) was predicted by the body surface (BSA) and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for the first induction cycle, and by the renal dosimetry of the previous cycle (or the average renal dosimetry of the last two cycles) for the following cycles. By normalizing the absorbed renal dose administered during the induction cycles, our personalized approach resulted in an average 1.48-fold increase in the maximum cumulative tumour absorbed dose compared with the empiric regimen, potentially increasing the therapeutic benefit without exceeding the threshold of renal toxicity.
Melchior, Jean-Philippe. "Communisme et culte de la personnalité." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010282.
Full textThe ideological and organised centralisation, carried to its extreme by Stalinism, gave way to a group conciousness among communists who were about to develope exaltation in their collective mission. Rapidly after the taking of power, the organisation transposed the feelings of fascination submission towards the leader into a national scale; until then these feelings had concerned with the militants only. The communist party, the possessor of the supposed true and only thought, exerted its monopolistic power on the society which it was looking to unify around all its values and its historical project. In this goal, the leader should facilitate by his words and his symbolical omnipresence the unification of the social body. The worship of Lenin, inseparable from the search for legitimacy by the new power, and the first greatest soviet ritual, was envisioned as the encounter of the political ambition to strengthen the still fragile regime with some part of the culture before the revolution. The worship of Stalin, ideal pattern of the cult in the communist party, began to take shape from a charismatic image. The individuals, isolated by stalin's totalitarism, were bound to have a single point of reference : an infaillible leader
Hébert, Étienne. "Personnalité et acte sportif : perspective psychodynamique." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/62996.
Full textLepage-Janelle, Isabelle. "Profils de personnalité et styles parentaux." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2013. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/7313/1/030619092.pdf.
Full textParsons, Hentges Jane. "Double je et jeux du double dans les romans d'Angela Carter." Bordeaux 3, 1999. https://extranet.u-bordeaux-montaigne.fr/memoires/diffusion.php?nnt=1999BOR30041.
Full textAbbas, Karine. "Système d'accès personnalisé à l'information : application au domaine médica." Lyon, INSA, 2008. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2008ISAL0092/these.pdf.
Full textThe thesis work relays on a central problematic : the personalisation access to information. Indeed, with the considerable growth of data, the heterogeneity of roles and needs and the spread development of mobile systems, it becomes important to propose a personalised system to get relevent information. This system allows to user to provide relevent and adapted information. This system takes into account the different user characteristics as well as the different contextual situations which influence his behavior during the information access process. The personalised access system we propose is based on the profiles management. A generic profile model is defined to cover all personalisation facets. The model is able to collect information on user and his context of use and to represent all personalisation needs. The personalised system is mainly founded on three elements : the profiles, the context and the services. The profiles are containers of knowledge on users. The context defines a set of parameters characterising the user environment when the system is used. The services are autonomous programs able to execut the personalisation tasks. The personalisation process starts when the user sends a request that produces the extraction of data useful for it
Naderi, Hassan. "Accès personnalisé à l'information-adaptation au contexte de l'utilisateur." Lyon, INSA, 2008. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2008ISAL0005/these.pdf.
Full textLes informations disponibles sur l'Internet se développent à un rythme tel que bientôt les méthodes de recherche textuelle utilisant la fréquence des termes ne seront plus suffisantes. Un courant de pensée est consacré à la personnalisation de la recherche, à savoir prendre en compte des traits spécifiques et le contexte de l’utilisateur pour répondre à sa requête. Nous pensons que le profil, la communauté, et le contexte de l'utilisateur sont les trois concepts essentiels à envisager pour faire face au problème de la croissance du World Wide Web. La thèse étudie la combinaison de ces trois courants de pensée. Dans la première partie de cette thèse, nous développons un système de recherche d’information personnalisé et collaboratif (appelé PERCIRS), qui utilise les deux premiers concepts (le profil et la communauté). PERCIRS crée une liste classée de documents pertinents, pour la requête q de l'utilisateur U. Cette classification se fait sur la base des documents sélectionnés pour les requêtes semblables à q par les utilisateurs au profil similaire à celui de U. Le choix de la méthode de recherche d’utilisateurs similaires joue un rôle important dans l’efficacité de PER-CIRS. À cette fin, nous avons proposé trois catégories de formules pour calculer la similarité entre deux profils d'utilisateurs: formule fondée sur l'égalité, formule fondée sur la similarité et enfin une formule fondée sur les graphes. Afin de trouver la catégorie optimale, nous avons proposé deux mécanismes d'évaluation: fondés sur les concepts de la catégorisation et de la classification. Ces deux mécanismes s’appuient sur les formules de calcul de profil utilisateur fondées sur les graphes. PERCIRS étant un système de recherche d’information (SRI) personnalisé (en raison de la prise en compte des profils d'utilisateur), il ne peut pas être évalué par des mécanismes d'évaluation tels que Cranfield (par exemple TREC). Par conséquent, dans cette thèse, nous proposons un nouveau mécanisme qui permet de l'évaluer en même temps que les autres SRI classiques tels que BM25 – Okapi. Dans la deuxième partie de ce travail de thèse,, le contexte de l'utilisateur est utilisé pour adapter, aux préférences de l'utilisateur, un document trouvé par PERCIRS. Nous proposons d'adapter physiquement et sémantiquement un document selon le profil de l'utilisateur et selon le profil de contexte. Un mécanisme est également proposé pour naviguer dans des documents adaptés en fonction des préférences de l'utilisateur
Daizé, Fabienne. "L'usurpation d'un signe de la personnalité à titre de marque : contribution à l'étude des droits de la personnalité." Montpellier 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON10042.
Full textDamiens-Elkaim, Marguerite. "Diagnostic de personnalité à travers quatre instruments." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100078.
Full textIn this research, four models of systems that allow estimating the extraversion introversion and nevrosism are compared: self-observation system with no instrument, self. Observation system with au instrument, (Eysenck personality inventory), observation, system with no instrument by two observers, observation system with au instrument by two observers (behavior seale) -the sample is composed by one hundred and twenty women students in psychology first years in Nanterre university. The first hypothesis concern intern validity of behavior seales - the third and the fourth hypothesis concern the connection between Eysenck personality inventory and behavior seales. The firth and the sixth hypothesis concern the observation with no instrument. The seventh and light hypothesis concern social desirability the last hypothesis concern the personality dimensions themselves
Tachon-Sudrie, Josette. "La suggestibilité : une dimension de la personnalité." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100040.
Full textFilippone, Corinne. "La contractualisation des droits de la personnalité." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010318.
Full textSarlat, Ludivine. "Intégration multisensorielle, réalité virtuelle et personnalité schizotypique." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066548.
Full textBallester, Sandrine. "Pardon à autrui : Conceptualisations, Motivations et Personnalité." Toulouse 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU20009.
Full textThis research aims at examining if there are links between conceptualizations detained in forgiveness, different motives called to clarify the choice of forgiveness, unforgiveness and revenge and overall propensity to forgive shown in everyday life by the general public. The existing relations between conceptualizations of forgiveness, motives and personality are also examined. The main findings indicate that conceptualizations of forgiveness “liberating process”, “intimate process” or “change of heart” are linked to the tendency to forgive in daily life. The conceptualization of forgiveness “immoral behavior” is linked to the tendency to block forgiveness and to perpetrate vengeful acts. Agreeableness has a positive relation with the conceptualizations of forgiveness “liberating process” and a negative relation with the conceptualizations of forgiveness “immoral behavior”. As for motives, forgiveness motives “conformist” are linked to the willingness to forgive in everyday life. Different motives put forward to explain the choice of unforgiveness or revenge are linked to the willingness not to forgive or to avenge in daily life. Agreeableness is linked to the mention of forgiveness motives “alloic-sympathy” (desire to forgive by empathy). Neuroticism is linked to the mention of unforgiveness motives “autic-mastery” (desire not to forgive by self-protection) and of unforgiveness motives “alloic-mastery” (desire not to forgive to provoke a change of attitude from the offender). Age, gender, study level do not have a major role neither in the way to conceptualize forgiveness nor in the mention of such or such motives
Van, Den Abbeele Maxim. "Modélisation Musculo-Squelettique Personnalisée du Rachis Cervical." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENAM0037.
Full textWithin the context of the scientific program chaired by BiomecAM, the musculoskeletal modelling of the cervical spine responds to various needs: understanding the damage mechanisms to this functional and essential structure, augmenting the efficiency level of pathology prevention, contributing to the design of new medical devices (orthoses or implants) and enabling orthopaedic and surgical treatment planning. Strong advancements have been made during the recent past years to evolve towards personalised modelling: innovative finite element mesh generation methods, in vivo quantitative analysis techniques to personalise the assignment of material properties to the intervertebral disc and the muscular system and preliminary models incorporating muscle activation have been developed.The aim of this PhD project is to exploit these scientific advancements to evolve towards a personalised musculoskeletal model of the intact, degenerated and instrumented cervical spine, thus contributing to the understanding of the degeneration mechanisms of the cervical spine and offering a means of orthopaedic and surgical treatment planning
Ozil, Stéphane. "Jules Renard : personnalité littéraire et figure d'auteur." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON30010.
Full textThe author remains a complicated notion to be defined, on account of his dependence on both parameters rationally incompatible which are the writer’s biography, and the timeless essence of the work he handed on. Each approach to a work over its global aspect, lets break through however a definite number of specific characteristics covered by the term : literary personality ; which as it is confronted to the individuality of the reader, will generate for him an unpublished author figure. We intend to go deeper into these perspectives within the scope of study of a precise author, Jules Renard, who wrote among others L’Ecornifleur - The Scrounger (1892), Poil de Carotte – Carotty-haired Boy (1894), and the Diary as well (1887-1910). The latter allows to become aware of the uncommon connection Jules Renard keeps with literary art : the Diary is the place where the writer locates himself faced with the man of letters that he is conscious he should be, as if propelled by the duty to examine himself scrupulously in order to be at last up to the destiny he is appointed to, that is author. The method of analysis adopted is modeling on the original phenomenon of literary exodus to define the notion of author figure, based on the postulate that any work understates at the same time a need of self-liberation, a corpus of artistical principles, a literary dedication of these principles, and finally an ultimate target they aim at. The idea of exodus, because it depends on that of motion, will help to avoid the danger of a rigid representation of the author, while he is constantly evolving in the representations the successive readers make of him
Gisclard, Thibault. "La personnalité humaine comme élément du patrimoine." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010321.
Full textElhoueiss, Jean-Luc. "Personnalité et territorialité en droit international privé." Paris 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA020018.
Full textMobonda, Honoré. "La personnalité et l'oeuvre de Roger Williams." Paris 12, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA120029.
Full textRoger williams, the man who founded rhode island, is the seventeenth century american personality whose life has become familiar to many twentieth century intellectuals. Despite their relevance, the analyses by contemporaries, biographers and historians have not thrown full light on a number of points. Historical evidence, supported by the cases of bunyan, penn, and paine concludes that williams became a puritan when aged nine. His separatism explains his flight to america, where his advocacy of separation of church and state, based on the paramount value of the new testament and christ's teachings, together with his "plebsbytarian" inclinations, provoked his bannishment from massachusetts, forcing him to found a colony nurturing the separation of church and state, religious freedom, and democracy, thereby placing rhode island far in advance of its times. Despite inconsistencies, williams became one of the rare new england whites who did not really hate the american indians. Thanks to his tact, willimas avoided many wars between the "indian" nation and britain. Striking resemblances with penn's thought suggest that williams may have influenced william penn. Yet, there is evidence that he had influenced isaac backus and stephen hopkins, two giants of the propaganda fo the american revolution
Chakirian, Laurence. "La protection de la personnalité du mineur." Lyon 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO33024.
Full textLazzarin, Guillaume. "La personnalité publique dans la jurisprudence administrative." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN20011.
Full textRecent years have witnessed a rapprochement between public law and private law. An administrative act is now in case law subjected to the market. Private law logics include the regime of liability and tender agreement. This trend is usually arrested by the privatist doctrine through the analysis of activities under public law. The privatization of public law would respond to a loss of specificity of public service and a dilution of the concept of public interest. However, two findings encouraged to change the way to analyse this: first the sustainability of a judicial dualism and then the distinction between two categories of legal persons, public entities and private individuals. We therefore propose to study interactions between the evolution of administrative case law and the concept of public legal person
Gélinas, Christiane. "Personnalité des fils adultes de père alcoolique." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1995. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/4878/1/000623138.pdf.
Full textLabonté, Stéphane. "Trait d'anxiété et troubles de la personnalité." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1989. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5623/1/000577732.pdf.
Full textPaquette, Jean. "Le souvenir des rêves et la personnalité." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1988. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5781/1/000572513.pdf.
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