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Journal articles on the topic "Personality tests – history"
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Buciuta, Andrei. "A brief history of personality tests." Psihiatru.ro 1, no. 60 (2020): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.26416/psih.60.1.2020.3109.
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Zabegalin, Oleg, Julia Melnichuk, and Victoria Vishnitskaya. "Test as a Method of Psychology. Development History and Basic Requirements." Bulletin of the Innovative University of Eurasia 93, no. 1 (March 26, 2024): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37788/2024-1/31-39.
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Main problem: The article highlights the problem of tests as methods of psychology, the influence of validity and reliability on the results of psychological research. Purpose: Uncovering the significance of validity and reliability on psychological research results. Results and their significance: Testing is an important method in psychology, allowing measuring various aspects of the psyche and behavior of a person. The history of the development of tests in psychology goes back more than a century and began with the work of Francis Galton and Alfred Binet. Over time, the tests have become widely used in various fields such as education, personnel selection, clinical diagnosis and research. Basic requirements for tests include reliability (repeatability of results), validity (measurement accuracy), standardization (same test conditions) and objectivity (lack of subjectivity in assessment). Tests must be designed using psychometric principles to ensure accuracy and validity of results. Modern tests include a variety of measurement techniques, such as tests of personality, intelligence, aptitude, and professional skills. The use of tests in psychology requires professional training to correctly interpret the results and make valid conclusions. Testing as a method of psychology continues to evolve, and its role remains key in the study of the human psyche and behavior. Testing in psychology has a wide range of applications, including assessing personality traits, identifying psychological disorders, and predicting behavior and success in various areas of life. The development of computer-based tests and online platforms makes testing more efficient and convenient for researchers and participants. Modern tests increasingly take into account cultural differences and the diversity of individual characteristics, which contributes to more accurate and tailored assessments. It is important to remember that the use of tests requires ethics, confidentiality and compliance to ensure the reliability and validity of the data obtained.
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Derksen, Maarten. "Discipline, subjectivity and personality: an analysis of the manuals of four psychological tests." History of the Human Sciences 14, no. 1 (February 2001): 25–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095269510101400102.
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Tasios, K., A. Douzenis, R. Gournellis, and I. Michopoulos. "Empathy in patients with schizophrenia and antisocial personality disorder." European Psychiatry 66, S1 (March 2023): S428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.920.
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IntroductionViolent behavior has been linked to deficits in social cognition, namely cognitive and affective aspects of empathy. Schizophrenia and antisocial personality disorder have been associated with violence and empathy deficits.ObjectivesOur main objective is to search for differences in empathy between patients with schizophrenia who have committed a violent offence, patients with schizophrenia with no history of violent offence and patients with antisocial personality disorder.MethodsA total sample of Ν=100 participants was divided into four groups: 1) 27 patients with schizophrenia and history of committing a violent offence, 2) 23 patients with schizophrenia with no history of committing a violent offence, 3) 25 participants with antisocial personality disorder and 4) 25 general population participants comprising the control group. Symptoms of schizophrenia were rated using the Positive(P), Negative(N) and General Psychopathology (G) subscales of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Empathy was evaluated using a) The Empathy Quotient (EQ). Theory Of Mind was evaluated using a) The First Order False Belief task, b) The Hinting task, c) The Faux pas Recognition Test and d) The Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (Revised).ResultsThe four groups differed in PANSS scoring (p<0.001), EQ scoring (p<0.001) and Theory of Mind tests (p<0.001), but this difference was only significant between the controls and the three groups of patients. The three groups of patients did not differ to each other in any of the Theory of Mind tests. No difference was also found between the two groups of psychotic patients.ConclusionsPatients with antisocial personality disorder, schizophrenia and schizophrenia with a history of violent offence do not seem to perform differently in affective and cognitive empathy tests.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
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Almonacid, C., A. Castillo, M. Lloret, M. Harto, A. Tatay, and R. Calabuig. "Psychoactive substance abuse and personality disorders in psychiatric inpatients." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)71716-3.
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IntroductionComorbidity between Substance Use Disorder (SUD) and other psychiatric disorders, known as Dual Diagnosis, is an issue of growing interest in Mental Health. The high association between Personality Disorders (PD) and substance use is reported in scientific literature. However, not many studies have been published regarding the prevalence of this disorder in a psychiatric unit. AIMSTo determine the prevalence of substance abuse among patients with a Personality Disorder in a psychiatric unit.MethodologyA retrospective descriptive study was carried out among all patients admitted to our psychiatric unit during one year. The data collected from the discharge clinical records of patients were: demographic variables, personal psychiatric history and substance use, urine tests and clinical diagnoses at discharge.ResultsWe obtained a sample of 334 patients. There was comorbidity between Mental Disorder and SUD in 10.17% of subjects; including 4% diagnosed with Personality Disorder (80% belong to Cluster B). 53.3% of patients with PD substance abuse was reported. Excluding nicotine dependence and benzodiazepines, the most common substances used were cannabis (50%), alcohol (37.5%) and cocaine (25%).ConclusionsThis study shows that Personality Disorder is the Mental Disorder most commonly associated with SUD, among inpatients in our psychiatric unit. In order to detect cases of Dual Diagnosis, we suggest optimize recording in clinical history substance use and systematic urine tests in all patients admitted, which would benefit from specific treatment for their condition.
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Firkola, Peter. "Review of Career Assessment Tools." Archives of Business Research 9, no. 11 (December 4, 2021): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.911.11299.
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This paper provides an overview of career assessment tools. Background on key career concepts is first introduced. A number of career assessment tools are then examined. These assessment tools included reviewing personal history, interest inventories, values assessments, personality assessments, and aptitude tests. The importance and limitations of these career assessment tools are then discussed.
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Cano-Ramirez, Hugo, Lina Diaz-Castro, and Kurt Leroy Hoffman. "Analysis of Educational Attainment in a Mexican Psychiatric Patient Population with Bipolar or Psychotic Disorders." Brain Sciences 13, no. 6 (May 30, 2023): 881. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13060881.
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Schizophrenia has been associated with premorbid poor educational performance and low educational attainment (EA). However, some studies have found positive associations between psychotic disorders and excellent scholastic performance. In the present study, we examined the association between EA and several clinical and nonclinical characteristics in psychiatric patients diagnosed with psychotic or bipolar disorders. Data were obtained from the files of 1132 patients who entered a major Mexico City psychiatric hospital during the years 2009–2010 for the treatment of psychotic symptoms and who were subsequently diagnosed with schizophrenia, bipolar, schizoaffective, or another psychotic disorder. Chi-squared tests, t-tests, and Cox regression analysis were applied to explore associations between EA and factors including gender, familial history of mental illness, premorbid personality characteristics, age of symptom onset, diagnosis, civil status, and current employment. Family history of mental illness decreased the hazard of having lower EA (B = −0.137, p = 0.025, ExpB = 0.872, 95% CI = 0.774–0.983), while a schizophrenia diagnosis independently increased it (B = 0.201, p = 0.004, ExpB = 1.223, 95% CI = 1.068–1.401). In male patients (but not in females), family history of mental illness was significantly associated with higher EA, while in female patients, premorbid schizoid-like personality characteristics were associated with lower EA. For both genders, lower EA was associated with having more children and being employed in manual labor, while higher EA was associated with professional employment. Conclusions: Compared with bipolar disorder, a schizophrenia diagnosis is associated with lower EA; however, familial history of mental illness and premorbid schizoid-like characteristics independently favor higher and lower EA in males and females, respectively. Since lower EA is generally associated with a lower economic status, special preventative attention should be given to students at high risk for schizophrenia, particularly those displaying a schizoid-like personality.
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Starikova, V. O., M. G. Debolskiy, and D. S. Oshevsky. "Traits of antisocial personality of juvenile offenders." Psychology and Law 7, no. 4 (2017): 79–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2017070407.
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The article presents the results of an empirical study of the so-called traits of an «antisocial personality» in juvenile offenders. In the educational colony of the PKU, the Aleksinsky VK of the UFSIN of Russia in the Tula region and the GSPU "Financial College No. 35" in Moscow, 28 convicts and 17 teenagers with conditional-normative behavior were examined. To describe the individual characteristics that characterize the traits of «antisocial personality», a set of psychological techniques (tests and questionnaires) is selected. A survey map is drawn up, which includes parameters relating to the history of the life of adolescent offenders. It is shown that juvenile convicts are marked by a number of traits that can be considered as predictors of unlawful behavior. In accordance with the foreign medical classifiers (ICD-10, DSM-5) and structured evaluation methods (PCL-R), they are designated as traitsof an «antisocial personality». The individual specificity of the traitsof the «asocial personality» has been determined.
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Koch, Tobias, T. M. Ortner, M. Eid, J. Caspers, and M. Schmitt. "Evaluating the Construct Validity of Objective Personality Tests Using a Multitrait-Multimethod-Multioccasion-(MTMM-MO)-Approach." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 30, no. 3 (January 1, 2014): 208–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000212.
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Although Objective Personality Tests (OPTs) have a long history in psychology and the field of psychological assessment, their validity, and reliability have not yet been sufficiently studied. In this study, we examined the convergent and discriminant validity of objective (personality) tests, Implicit Association Tests (IATs), and self-report measures for the assessment of conscientiousness and intelligence. Moreover, the convergent and discriminant validity of these measures was assessed on the trait (stable) and occasion specific (momentary) level by using the multimethod latent state-trait (MM-LST) model proposed by Courvoisier, Nussbeck, Eid, and Cole (2008) which allows for the decomposition of different sources of variance. Data from 367 students assessed on three different measurement occasions was incorporated. Results indicate generally low convergence of OPTs with data gained by other approaches. Additional analyses revealed that the OPTs used assess stable rather than momentary components of the constructs. Reliabilities of different tests ranged from .54 to .95. Furthermore, a substantial amount of trait method specificity revealed that different methods assess trait components that are not shared between OPTs and other measures. Data on the criterion validity of the objective conscientiousness test revealed that it is related to the punctuality of test takers in the laboratory.
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Mi, Zhou, and A. K. Mynbayeva. "Historical sketch of the development of psychometry and pedagogical measurements in China in the 20th century." BULLETIN of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. PEDAGOGY. PSYCHOLOGY. SOCIOLOGY Series 143, no. 2 (2023): 374–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-6895-2023-143-2-374-386.
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The article reveals the historical stages and describes a sketch of the development of psychometry, diagnostics, and pedagogical measurements in China in the 20th century. Stages are highlighted: 1910-30s - the utilization of the achievements of European psychometry and measurements in education; 1940-1978s - reduction of the use of tests due to the war and political, ideological changes and the Cultural Revolution; 1980-90s - revival and intensive flourishing of psychometry, pedagogical measurements and psychodiagnostics. Therefore, there is a undulating development of psychometry, psychodiagnostics and pedagogical measurements in China: from a powerful rise in the early twentieth century to a decline due to war and ideological grounds in the middle of the twentieth century, and then to a revival and great prosperity towards the end of the twentieth century. The intrascientific development of psychometry and psychodiagnostics in China also repeated the global trend: from intelligence tests to tests of personality characteristics, scales of personality and private interests of a person. Psychometry and pedagogical measurements are closely linked by history, theoretical development and practical application. The application of a polycentric approach in the development of psychometry and pedagogical measurements in Asia is shown on the example of China at the end of the 20th century.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Personality tests – history"
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Penke, Lars. "Approaches to an evolutionary personality psychology." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15658.
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Evolutionäre Herangehensweisen hatten in der Persönlichkeitspsychologie nicht den gleichen Erfolg wie in anderen Bereichen der Psychologie. In dieser Dissertation werden zwei alternative evolutionäre Herangehensweisen an die Persönlichkeitspsychologie diskutiert und angewendet. Die evolutionsgenetische Herangehensweise fragt, warum genetische Varianz in Persönlichkeitsunterschieden existiert. Im ersten Teil dieser Dissertation werden verschiedene evolutionsgenetische Mechanismen, die genetische Varianz erklären können, verglichen. Auf Grundlage evolutionsgenetischer Theorie und empirischen Befunden aus der Verhaltensgenetik und Persönlichkeitspsychologie wird geschlussfolgert, dass ein Mutations-Selektions-Gleichgewicht genetische Varianz in Intelligenz gut erklären kann, während ausgleichende Selektion durch Umweltheterogenität die plausibelste Erklärung für genetische Unterschiede in Persönlichkeitseigenschaften ist. Komplementär zur evolutionsgenetischen Herangehensweise beginnt die „Life History“-Herangehensweise damit, wie Menschen ihre Ressourcen in evolutionär relevante Lebensbereiche investieren. Im zweiten Teil der Dissertationsschrift wird diese Herangehensweise am Beispiel von Investitionsunterschieden in Langzeit- versus Kurzzeit-Paarungstaktiken (wie im Konstrukt der Soziosexualität abgebildet) erläutert. Zwei neue Maße zur Erfassung von Soziosexualitätskomponenten werden vorgestellt. Während das revidierte Soziosexuelle Orientierungsinventar (SOI-R) ein Fragebogen zur Erfassung der Facetten „Verhalten“, „Einstellung“ und „Begehren“ ist, wurde mit dem Single-Attribute Impliziten Assoziationstest (SA-IAT) eine neue Methode zur indirekten Erfassung impliziter Soziosexualität entwickelt. Beide Maße zeigten konkurrente Validität in Onlinestudien, aber nur der SOI-R erwies sich als prädiktiv für Paarungstaktiken, einschließlich beobachtetem Flirtverhalten sowie der Zahl der Sexualpartner und Veränderungen im Beziehungsstatus innerhalb der nächsten 12 Monate.Evolutionary approaches have not been as successful in personality psychology as they were in other areas of psychology. In this thesis, two alternative evolutionary approaches to personality psychology are discussed and applied. The evolutionary genetic approach asks why genetic variance in personality differences exists. In the first part of this thesis, three evolutionary genetic mechanisms that could explain genetic variance in personality differences are assessed: selective neutrality, mutation-selection balance, and balancing selection. Based on evolutionary genetic theory and empirical results from behavior genetics and personality psychology, it is concluded that selective neutrality is largely irrelevant, that mutation-selection balance seems best at explaining genetic variance in intelligence, and that balancing selection by environmental heterogeneity seems best at explaining genetic variance in personality traits. Complementary to the evolutionary genetic approach, the life history approach starts with how people allocate their resources to evolutionarily relevant life tasks. In the second part of this thesis, differences in the allocation to long-term versus short-term mating tactics (as reflected in the construct of sociosexuality) are used as a case to exemplify this approach. Two new measures for the assessment of sociosexuality components are presented. While the revised Sociosexual Orientation Inventory (SOI-R) is a questionnaire that assesses the facets Behavior, Attitude and Desire, the sociosexuality Single-Attribute Implicit Association Test (SA-IAT) is a new methodic development aimed to assess implicit sociosexuality indirectly. Both measures showed concurrent validity in online studies, but only the SOI-R facets were predictive of mating tactics, including observed flirting behavior, as well as for the number of sexual partners and changes in romantic relationship status over the following 12 months.
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Paes, Mariana Armond Dias. "Sujeitos da história, sujeitos de direitos: personalidade jurídica no Brasil escravista (1860-1888)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2139/tde-21082017-150447/.
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Nesta pesquisa, argumentamos que os escravos brasileiros, pelo menos a partir da década de 1860, tinham personalidade jurídica. Essa personalidade jurídica era limitada e precária. No primeiro capítulo, analisamos o conceito de personalidade jurídica na civilística brasileira e portuguesa. Já no segundo capítulo, nosso foco é o direito de ação. Por meio da análise da documentação selecionada, discorremos sobre diferentes aspectos desse direito: a) possibilidade dos escravos figurarem como partes em processos judiciais; b) imposição do requisito da vênia; c) necessidade de representação por curador; d) atuação do Procurador da Coroa em ações de definição de estatuto jurídico; e) diversos tipos de procedimentos para discussão de estatuto jurídico; e f) instituto do depósito. No terceiro capítulo, tratamos dos direitos civis dos escravos. Discutimos: a) a concessão de alforrias por mulheres casadas; b) o reconhecimento jurídico da família escrava; c) o direito de propriedade dos escravos e sua capacidade contratual; e d) os direitos sucessórios dos escravos. Por sua vez, no quarto capítulo, discutimos a questão da posse da liberdade e suas relações com o instituto da personalidade jurídica. Essa questão é analisada sob três aspectos: a) prescrição aquisitiva; b) fundamentos jurídicos das ações de manutenção de liberdade; e c) prescrição extintiva. O quinto capítulo tem como objetivo discutir a influência do voluntarismo do direito civil no reconhecimento e na efetivação da personalidade jurídica dos escravos. Por fim, no sexto capítulo, abordamos o tratamento dado à personalidade jurídica dos escravos pelos juristas brasileiros e portugueses da época. Também analisamos dois exemplos de pessoas cujo estatuto jurídico era, marginalmente, abordado pela civilística: os escravos em condomínio e os escravos alforriados condicionalmente. Como fontes desta pesquisa, foram utilizadas 41 ações de definição de estatuto jurídico, que integram os acervos do Arquivo Nacional do Rio de Janeiro e do Arquivo Edgard Leuenroth. Também foram utilizados livros e periódicos jurídicos, bem como diversos atos normativos emanados pelo poder público como, por exemplo, alvarás, avisos, decisões e provisões. Ao final, concluímos que os escravos brasileiros, entre 1860 e 1888, eram, juridicamente pessoas, o que não era incompatível com sua condição de objeto de propriedade e, tampouco, amenizava a violência da escravidão brasileira. Ademais, os direitos civis dos escravos eram regulados pelas normas e princípios hermenêuticos que regiam o direito civil em geral: o direito da escravidão não era um direito de exceção, mas compatível com o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro da segunda metade do século XIX.In this research, I argue that Brazilian slaves, at least since the 1860s, had legal personality. This legal personality was limited and precarious. In the first chapter, I analyze the concept of \"legal personality\" in Brazilian and Portuguese legal doctrine. In the second chapter, our focus is slaves right action. Through the analysis of the selected documents, I discuss various aspects of this right: a) slaves standing; b) the requirement of vênia; c) slaves representation by a curator; d) the performance of the Procurador da Coroa in status definition lawsuits; e) the various types of procedures that made possible the discussion of legal status; and f) the deposit. In the third chapter, I discuss slaves rights in Civil Law. More specifically, I analyze: a) the grant of manumission by married women; b) the legal recognition of the slave family; c) the right of ownership of slaves and their contractual capacity; and d) slaves rights regarding succession. In the fourth chapter, I discuss the issue of possession of freedom and its relationship with legal personality. I focus on three aspects of this issue: a) adverse possession; b) the legal grounds of maintenance of freedom lawsuits; and c) extinctive prescription. In the fifth chapter, I analyze the role of volition in Civil Law and in the recognition of slaves legal status. Finally, in the sixth chapter, I discuss slaves legal personality in Portuguese and Brazilian legal doctrine. I also analyze two examples of people whose legal status was seldom addressed by jurists: slaves in condominium and conditionally freed slaves. As sources of this research, I use 41 status determination lawsuits, which integrate the collections of the National Archives of Rio de Janeiro and of Edgard Leuenroth Archives. I also use legal books and legal periodicals, as well as various normative acts issued by state authorities. At the end, I conclude that Brazilian slaves, between 1860 and 1888, were legal persons, a status that compatible with their status as object of property. In addition, their juridical personality did not softened the violence of Brazilian slavery. Moreover, slaves legal status was regulated by the rules and hermeneutical principles that governed the Civil Law in general: the law of slavery was not a law of exception, but it was compatible with the Brazilian legal system of the second half of the nineteenth century
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Zaniboni, Paulo Andre Moreira. "A transferência do Colégio das Artes aos jesuítas. A atuação de D. João III à margem do pressuposto de personalidade (1540-1557)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-04022012-114437/.
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O Colégio das Artes constituiu-se ao longo dos anos em um poderoso monumento da história portuguesa. Concebido originalmente para ser uma escola regida pelos preceitos do Humanismo e, desse ponto de vista seruma escola diferenciada em relação aos demais colégios monásticos que então vigoravam em Portugal, acabou por não conseguir estabelecer-se duradouramente em sua proposta primeira. Dono de uma trajetória tumultuada, marcada pela morte repentina de seu primeiro diretor, por inúmeros conflitos entre professores e pela instauração de processos inquisitoriais a trêsde seus professores mais conceituados, o Colégio das Artes, em uma decisão jamais oficializada por D.João III, acabou porser transferido em 1555 à Companhia de Jesus.The Art School was built along the years in a powerful monument of Portuguese History. Originally conceived to be a school ruled by the humanist principles and, from that point of view, to be a different school compared to the other monastic centres which existed in Portugal, it ended up not lasting long in its first proposal. Being the owner of a troubled trajectory, marked by the sudden death of its first principal, by countless conflicts among teachers and by the start of inquisitional processes towards three of its most important teachers, the Art School, in a never oficialized decision by D. Joao III, was transferred to Jesuss company in 1555. In fact, after ten years of remain of Inacians, the original space of the Art School has its functionality extinct being handed down to the inquisition, which would implement changes according to the new end which would be attributed to it. Actually, nowadays the space which was once used as a school is an antiquate area in Coimbra, a bother to the public power. Certainly for Portuguese historiography, its unlucky fate signs the sadness which characterizes Joanino´s Kingdom. In fact, for her, it was D. João III the greatest responsible for the tragic fate that set upon the school. Portraited in the past as a fanatic and nowadays as a hesitating man, it was this misunderstandable king´s personality that ended up sealing the destiny of his own work. This dissertation seeks an explanation for the history of the Art School, especially, the matter of its transference to the Jesuits which escaped from the King´s personality
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Saadeh, Alexandre. ""Transtorno de identidade sexual: um estudo psicopatológico de transexualismo masculino e feminino"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5142/tde-09082005-115642/.
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Esse estudo propôs-se avaliar presença de transtornos de eixo I, personalidade e caracterizar demograficamente 33 transexuais (masculinos e femininos). Outros objetivos foram comparar Depressão e Transtornos de Personalidade após dois anos de psicoterapia grupal e estruturar um temário específico para ela. Foram aplicados: SCID-I/P, Beck, Hamilton e Entrevista Estruturada para Distúrbios da Personalidade pelo DSM-III-R. As características demográficas gerais não variaram nos grupos. Não houve nenhum diagnóstico psiquiátrico prevalente. Houve predomínio de sintomas depressivos e não de quadros clínicos de depressão. Quanto aos transtornos e traços de personalidade, nenhum dado estatisticamente significativo foi encontrado. Temas para psicoterapia foram estabelecidos.This study aimed to evaluate the presence of personality disorders of axis I as well as to characterize demographically 33 transsexuals (male and female). Other objectives were to compare depression and personality disorders after two years of group therapy and structure a specific theme list to it. SCID-I/P, Beck, Hamilton and Structured Interview for Personality disorders by the DMS-III-R were applied. General demographic characteristics did not vary among the groups. There was no prevailing psychiatric diagnosis. As for disorders and personality traits, no statistically significant data was found. Psychotherapy themes were established.
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Briney, Carol E. "My Journey with Prisoners: Perceptions, Observations and Opinions." Kent State University Liberal Studies Essays / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1373151648.
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Luther, Roxanne. "An in-depth exploration of the personality structure of adult female psychiatric patients with a history of childhood trauma by utilising personality assessment." Diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25876.
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The experience of complex childhood trauma produces a ripple-effect that psychologically impacts trauma survivors’ functioning in multiple areas. The aim of the current study was to investigate and describe the interplay between complex trauma, subsequent personality development and later psychopathology by means of the multiple case study method of six female psychiatric patients attending treatment at a tertiary psychiatric hospital within Gauteng, South Africa. This was accomplished by assessing and qualitatively analysing the results of a carefully selected battery of personality and other psychometric assessments presented to study participants. The results indicated that the experience of complex childhood trauma impacted the study participants’ personality in predictable ways, which further influenced the psychopathology they displayed as psychiatric patients. These findings aid in describing the psychological impact of complex trauma on the research participants, and also offers support for reconnecting past traumas to the current psychopathologies of psychiatric patients.Psychology
M.A. (Clinical Psychology)
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Oosthuizen, Susan. "The third quest for the historical Jesus and its relevance for popular religion : Marcus J Borg as a test case." 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/15715.
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The most popular paradigm for Jesus is 'Jesus as the Divine Saviour'. This image is inadequate
for understanding the historical Jesus, because it is also inaccurate as an image for the Christian
life. Marcus J Borg claims that the Christian life is about a relationship with God that involves
us in a journey of transformation. In advocating the 'Third Quest', Borg develops an alternative
image of 'Jesus as Jewish mystic ', contrary to the idea of 'Jesus as Jewish/Christian Messiah '.
The image of Borg involves five universal religious personality types. The paradigm shift from
'Jesus as the Divine Saviour' to that of 'Jesus as Jewish mystic' is investigated as well as the
relevance and consequences of this, for everyday religion and the conventional church. A plea
for a positive assessment of the issue of the historical Jesus is presented. This could have
existential implications for South African society as a whole.Biblical and Ancient Studies
M.Th. (New Testament)
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Wessels, Sally. "Factors predicting success in the final qualifying examination for chartered accountants." Diss., 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18498.
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Anyone desiring to qualify as an accountant or auditor is required to pass an examination as
approved by the Public Accountants' and Auditors' Board to establish whether candidates have
attained the required standard of academic knowledge in terms of the syllabi laid down by the
Board, as well as whether they are able to apply that knowledge in practice (P AAB, 1995).
However each year many students fail this very important examination. The reasons for this are
not clear and the purpose of this research is to determine whether: personality; vocational
interests; intelligence; matriculation Mathematics and home language (English/ Afrikaans) results,
predict success in the QE, by comparing a group of successful and unsuccessful QE candidates.
The logistic regression, discriminant analysis and t-test statistical procedures, indicated that:
warmth (A), liveliness (F), rule-consciousness (G), social boldness (H), apprehension (0),
self-reliance (Q2), perfectionism (Q3), tension (Q4), computational interest, social services
interest, mechanical interest, Mental Alertness and matriculation home language, are significant
factors to consider when identifying candidates likely to be successful in the QE.Industrial & Organisational Psychology
MCOM (Industrial Psychology)
Books on the topic "Personality tests – history"
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Emre, Merve. The personality brokers: The strange history of Myers-Briggs and the birth of personality testing. New York: Doubleday, 2018.
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The homes and homeless of post-war Britain. Carnforth: Parthenon Press, 1985.
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Are we getting smarter?: Rising iq in the twenty-first century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.
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Meier, Scott T. The chronic crisis in psychological measurement and assessment: Ahistorical survey. Buffalo, N.Y: Academic Press, 1994.
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Gould, Stephen Jay. The mismeasure of man. London: Penguin, 1997.
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Gould, Stephen Jay. The mismeasure of man. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1992.
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Gould, Stephen Jay. The mismeasure of man. New York: W.W. Norton, 2008.
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Gould, Stephen Jay. The mismeasure of man. New York, N.Y: W.W. Norton, 1996.
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Gould, Stephen Jay. The mismeasure of man. New York: Norton, 1996.
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Rando, Giuseppe. La personalità del testo: Saggi su Parini, Leopardi, Boner, Pirandello. Manziana (Roma): Vecchiarelli, 2004.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Personality tests – history"
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Tortarolo, Edoardo. "Fosco Maraini e la cultura giapponese. Note di lettura." In Connessioni. Studies in Transcultural History, 159–69. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0242-8.12.
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Nel Novecento italiano Fosco Maraini (1912–2004) spicca per la sua forte e creativa personalità di antropologo, fotografo, viaggiatore, alpinista e scrittore. Fattore unificante di queste attività fu il concetto di alterità delle culture, così come questo era stato elaborato dall’antropologia di Boas, Kroeber e Benedict. In particolare nei suoi scritti sul passato e sul presente del Giappone è riscontrabile una visione simpatetica e fondamentalmente essenzialista delle società umane. Formatosi soprattutto sui testi dell’antropologia americana del periodo tra le due guerre, Maraini affrontò una tensione difficilmente risolvibile tra la permanenza delle componenti originarie, che definiscono ogni cultura attraverso i secoli, e l’inarrestabile processo di trasformazione interno indotto dalla modernizzazione.
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Diamant, Ilan. "Advantages and Challenges Using Psychological Tests in the Assessment of Suicide Bombers and Lone Actors." In NATO Science for Peace and Security Series – E: Human and Societal Dynamics. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/nhsdp210017.
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This report discusses the advantages and challenges in using direct psychological personality profile and psychodynamic assessments (corresponding to Otto Kernberg’s model of personally organization) of suicide bombers and lone actors. Two studies that administered various psychological instruments (i.e., self-report inventories, semi-structured interviews, and projective tests) were used to assess these subjects in a prison setting, before or after their trial. Main findings showed that suicide bombers displayed low levels of ego strength with dependent and/or avoidant personality styles, while most of the lone actors presented evidence of psychiatric histories. Also, the main methodological advantages and challenges of the assessment procedures and instruments utilized are discussed. Self-report inventories were found to be less valid. In contrast, semi-structured interviews assisted in identifying a more comprehensive theoretical understanding of both personality dynamics and the discerning of traumatic experiences in participants’ background related primarily to their family history. Projective tests had limited and restricted responses i.e., lacked the necessary complexity. This pattern likely reflected those participants with either limited mental resources, maladaptive personality styles, or hostile responses toward their assessors. Future directions are discussed in a psycho-cultural theoretical perspective regarding the development risk/threat assessment instruments to discern potential perpetrators who are victims of trauma in families living under specific cultural contexts. We assume that these victims’ manifest dissociation defences, present tendencies to activate mobilization, and immobilization energetic systems. These systems evoke complex behaviour patterns triggering suicidal tendencies coupled with rage tendencies aiming to end the lives of others, in this context, perceived political enemies.
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Black, Donald W. "Naming the Problem." In Bad Boys, Bad Men 3rd edition, 77–98. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197616918.003.0004.
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This chapter details the process of diagnosis and assessment of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). The first step in evaluating patients is to construct an accurate history through a careful interview. Because lab tests, x-rays, and brain scans have little, if any, diagnostic value—aside from their capacity to rule out medical problems—the patient’s history is the most important basis for diagnosing ASPD. The chapter then considers mental status examination (MSE), the psychiatrist’s equivalent of the physical examination, and personality and cognitive testing. When the history has been pieced together, the time comes to consider potential explanations for the patient’s chief complaint and current problems, a process that results in the differential diagnosis, a set of possibilities ranked from most to least probable. Ultimately, psychiatric diagnosis carries several important functions and can help guide troubled patients to make important changes in their life.
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"Applying Different Learning Styles to a Multicultural Environment." In Differentiated Instructional Design for Multicultural Environments, 28–54. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5106-5.ch002.
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In this chapter, there will be a presentation of information on the development of curriculum and how curriculum is impacted by different learning styles. Different learning styles impact the development of curriculum and impacts the management of the classroom. Different learning styles are an important part of managing a diversified curriculum for a multicultural environment. It is important to understand the history of learning styles and how learning styles can be used to develop curriculum that will increase a learner's educational progress. Since students are unique in their learning process, understanding different learning styles can be useful to develop lessons that include Visual, Auditory, Verbal, Physical, Logical, Social (interpersonal), Solitary (intrapersonal) approaches is important. Following are key areas that will be discussed; history of learning styles, learning styles that impact a student's success, teachers impact on learning styles, managing a student's strengths and weaknesses by understanding different learning styles, different learning styles: Visual, Auditory, Verbal, Physical, Logical, Social (interpersonal), Solitary (intrapersonal), learning style tests/Personality Tests and maximizing learning styles in a multicultural environment.
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Mapou, Robert L. "Research-Informed Assessment of Adult Learning Disabilities and ADHD." In Adult Learning Disabilities and Adhd, 69–128. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195371789.003.0004.
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Abstract This chapter outlines a research-informed approach to assessment. First, an argument is made for why comprehensive assessment is important for adults and how this type of assessment differs from that focused on neurological disorders. Next, an overview of the assessment is provided, followed by a detailed description of the individual components. These components include the history and record review, tools for assessment of ADHD, neuropsychological assessment, personality assessment, and methods for assessment of feigned learning disabilities and ADHD. Next, the chapter offers suggestions for how abbreviated batteries can be devised when time and/or cost is an issue. This is followed by a more detailed discussion of diagnosis and how research can be used to select neuropsychological domains and test measures for assessment of specific learning disabilities and ADHD. Differential diagnosis is discussed next. The chapter concludes with additional considerations regarding assessment of difficulty learning a foreign language, assessment of learning disabilities and ADHD in individuals with English as a second language, and ways to make evaluation assessment a positive experience for adults who have struggled with academic skills and tests for many years.
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McCord, David M., and Carlo O. C. Veltri. "The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventories." In The Oxford Handbook of Personality and Psychopathology Assessment. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190092689.013.13.
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Abstract The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) family of assessment instruments now includes six versions in its history, which dates back formally to 1943. Current versions are the MMPI-3 (2020) for adults and the MMPI-A-RF (2016) for adolescents. These are multiscale instruments that are standardized, normed self-report questionnaires with a true–false response format. Earlier versions of the MMPI were developed to assess traditional syndromes or “disorders”; current versions have been restructured to align with emerging hierarchical–dimensional models of psychological dysfunction, such as the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology. The MMPI instruments are widely used in both inpatient and outpatient clinical settings as well as many specialized settings, including medical and forensic applications (e.g., child custody evaluations, presurgical evaluations, and police candidate evaluations). This chapter offers a brief description of MMPI history and the previous versions of the test, with more detailed description of the two current versions.
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Miranda, Marina. "La storia del PCC e le sue reinterpretazioni Le recenti ‘Risoluzioni’ al centenario del Partito." In Interpretazioni della storia in Cina Uso politico e letture del passato. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-735-7/001.
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This essay examines the ‘Resolutions’ on the history of the Chinese Communist Party published in 2021, on the occasion of the centenary of the Party. The paper also offers a comparative analysis of this document with other similar texts issued in 1945 and 1981, which also provide the contextual framework for the official interpretation of history. Moreover, there are striking similarities between the ‘Resolutions’ issued by Xi Jinping and those formulated by Mao Zedong. In addition, this essay investigates elements of Xi’s ‘New Era’, such as the revised periodisation of PRC’s history, the cultivation of Xi’s personality cult, and the so-called ‘Four Histories’.
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Stepanova, Nadezhda S. "The concept of “estate”in the autobiographical prose of Vladimir Nabokov." In Russian Estate in the World Context, 235–45. A.M. Gorky Institute of World literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/978-5-9208-0623-9-235-245.
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The article is devoted to the study of the role and participation of the Russian noble estate as a way of life in the formation of personality on the material of the Vladimir Nabokov’s autobiographical prose. In the literary space of the writer’s texts the world of the Russian estate appeared as one of the key symbols of Russia, as a lost value and an integral part of Russian culture, literature, philosophy, history, necessary for self-identification, self-knowledge and self-preservation.
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Wallace, Daniel J., and Janice Brock Wallace. "I’m Not Crazy!" In All About Fibromyalgia. Oxford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195147537.003.0026.
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“You look fine, and I can’t find anything wrong with you. Maybe you’re just depressed or stressed out.” Nearly all of my patients have heard this before. And they start to wonder: Am I really crazy? How could it all be in my mind? This chapter will summarize the small number of behavioral surveys that rheumatologists and psychiatrists have performed on fibromyalgia patients. The treatment of fibromyalgia will be reviewed in Parts VI and VII. Why are there so few studies that we can rely upon? First, most research is conducted at university medical centers, where fibromyalgia patients tend to be more symptomatic and have not responded to interventions by community physicians. Second, depression itself is associated with high rates of musculoskeletal pain. Also, few people have had comprehensive psychological evaluations before they became ill that can be used for comparison. Finally, instruments of psychological assessment were devised before we knew what fibromyalgia was, and popular tests such as the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) cannot distinguish between pain from a disease and pain from depression. Is fibromyalgia a manifestation of depression or the reverse? Well-designed studies have addressed this issue, but many used different methods, populations, ethnic groupings, referral sources, and geographical distributions. In any case, the results were reasonably similar. On average, these studies showed that about 18 percent of fibromyalgia patients have evidence of a major depression at any office visit and 58 percent have a history of major depression in their lifetime. What does this mean? At any point in time, the overwhelming majority of fibromyalgia patients are not seriously depressed. And if they are depressed, it’s usually because they do not feel well. This condition is called reactive depression and is reversible with treatment, as opposed to endogenous depression, which is caused by chemical imbalances and is much harder to treat. A well-designed study of depressed patients demonstrated that fewer than 10 percent had two or more tender points. Certain life events or historical factors are statistically present more often in fibromyalgia patients than in those without the disorder.
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Lewis, Katie C., and A. Jill Clemence. "Clinical Use of the Thematic Apperception Test and Other Non-Normed Idiographic Assessment Methods." In The Oxford Handbook of Personality and Psychopathology Assessment, C17S1—C17S20. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190092689.013.17.
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Abstract Performance-based assessment methods provide important insight into psychological functioning in ways that differ from those afforded by more structured tasks. Data obtained through performance-based methods can reveal the underlying issues, concerns, and preoccupations that are salient in understanding a respondent’s personality functioning and provide important insight into how they integrate information, approach novel situations and dilemmas, and utilize internal resources to achieve desired outcomes or avoid undesirable ones. This chapter reviews several commonly used performance-based measures, including the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), Early Memories Task, and human figure drawing tasks. The chapter explores how data yielded by these measures can assist clinicians in evaluating patterns of personality that unfold over time and across relational contexts and identifies how contextual factors might influence trait expression in ways that are otherwise difficult to determine in assessment contexts. The chapter reviews the history, administration process, and general scoring and interpretation procedures of these measures, focusing primarily on the TAT, and provides a discussion of the limitations of these measures and areas in need of further study and development.
Conference papers on the topic "Personality tests – history"
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Rahman, Md Sharifur, and Girijesh Prasad. "A Comprehensive Study on Machine Learning Methods to Increase the Prediction Accuracy of Classifiers and Reduce the Number of Medical Tests Required to Diagnose Alzheimer's Disease." In 3rd International Conference on Machine Learning Techniques and Data Science (MLDS 2022). Academy and Industry Research Collaboration Center (AIRCC), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2022.122107.
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Alzheimer's patients gradually lose their ability to think, behave, and interact with others. Medical history, laboratory tests, daily activities, and personality changes can all be used to diagnose the disorder. A series of time-consuming and expensive tests are used to diagnose the illness. The most effective way to identify Alzheimer's disease is using a Random-forest classifier in this study, along with various other Machine Learning techniques. The main goal of this study is to fine-tune the classifier to detect illness with fewer tests while maintaining a reasonable disease discovery accuracy. We successfully identified the condition in almost 94% of cases using four of the thirty frequently utilized indicators.
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Jursova zacharova, Zlatica, Lenka Sokolova, and Miroslava Lemesova. "INTERACTIVE TEACHING OF PSYCHOLOGY: USING DESIGN-BASED RESEARCH IN DEVELOPING AN INTERACTIVE PSYCHOLOGY COURSE." In eLSE 2015. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-15-118.
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In many European countries psychology is taught as an optional secondary school subject and as an introductory course in variety of university programmes for "non-psychologists" (e.g. teachers, social workers etc.). It might be challenging to teach psychology in an innovative way (using digital content within technology-rich learning environment) and to reach the objectives of developing student?s personality and psychological literacy at the same time. We applied the design-based research to design an innovative course of psychology for the secondary education. In the first phase quasi-experiment design was used (n=33). Eight lessons of psychology were taught in an experimental group in the technology-rich learning environment (using variety of online exercises, experiments, presentations and tests) and in a control group using traditional materials. Based on the students? feedback (didactic tests (n=73) and individual semi-structured interviews (n=11) we got an image of students? perception of the implementation of technology into psychology teaching and learning. Secondarily we analysed written narratives on the outcomes and the pitfalls of an introductory psychology course in the university teacher training (n=46). Content analyses revealed that both groups of students find psychology rather abstract and they need visualisations, practical interconnections, and learning in the context to enhance understanding psychology. On the other hand students prefer experiential social learning, social interactions, discussions and group work within psychology courses. Based on these data we designed an interactive course combining both digital and traditional materials and recommended methods of instructions. Such a course design allows teachers to implement various teaching scenarios with interactions among students, teacher, technology and visually attractive digital content. The course covers four areas included in general psychology curriculum in the secondary education and in the most of introductory psychology courses for non-psychologists in Slovakia: history of psychology, cognitive processes, personality and inter-individual differences, and social psychology. The study is a part of project KEGA 021UK-4/2013 "Teaching of psychology and the subjects of personal and social development - set of teaching materials".
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ŢVIC, Irina. "The study of a literary text through the prism of culture and history." In Ştiință și educație: noi abordări și perspective. "Ion Creanga" State Pedagogical University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46727/c.v3.24-25-03-2023.p81-86.
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The article «THE STUDY OF A LITERARY TEXT THROUGH THE PRISM OF CULTURE AND HISTORY» is devoted to the study of the historical and cultural component of a literary text for educational purposes. The article draws attention to the fact that historical and cultural information is the most important component of the content of a literary text, which is associated with the reflection / expression of the historical context and cultural background of the epoch, country, society. The author argues for the need to study texts in these aspects, reveals the essence of both the historical aspect, which makes it possible to study and disclose the interrelationships / relationships of such concepts as „personality, generation, people, nation, fatherland”; and the uniqueness of the culturological approach, which is due to the fact that the artistic text is one of the most important cultural objects. The author examines the forms of manifestation of the cultural component in the text and suggests possible options for the types of tasks for studying the text in a given key.
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Романова, М. Ю., and Н. В. Быкова. "Creative tasks to overcome difficulties in teaching the subject of "Social Studies" in primary school in the section "Politics"." In Современное социально-гуманитарное образование: векторы развития в год науки и технологий: материалы VI международной конференции (г. Москва, МПГУ, 22–23 апреля 2021 г.). Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37492/etno.2021.84.77.076.
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в статье представлены творческие задания для устранения трудностей в изучении предмета «Обществознание» в основной школе по теме «Политика». Задания могут использоваться учителями обществознания для формирования предметных знаний базового уровня, универсальных учебных действий и развития качеств личности обучающихся, а также для проведения текущего и итогового контроля, подготовки к сдаче ЕГЭ, выполнению всероссийской проверочной работы, олимпиады по обществознанию. Задания прошли успешную апробацию при изучении предметов социально-гуманитарного цикла в основной школе, в частности, «Обществознание» и «История», в МАОУ «Гимназии имени Александра Александровича Пушкина» г. о. Бронницы Московской области. the article presents creative tasks to eliminate difficulties in studying the subject of "Social Studies" in the main school on the topic "Politics". Tasks can be used by social studies teachers to form basic level subject knowledge, universal educational actions, and the development of personality traits of students, as well as for conducting current and final control, preparing for the unified state exam, performing the All-Russian test work, the Olympiad in social studies. The tasks have been successfully tested in the study of subjects of the social and humanitarian cycle in the main school, in particular, "Social Studies" and "History", in the "Alexander Alexandrovich Pushkin Gymnasium", Bronnicy, Moscow region.
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Predoiu, Radu, Constantavalentina Mihaila, Georgeta Mitrache, and Alexandra Predoiu. "IDENTIFYING THE WORK STYLES OF 1ST YEAR STUDENTS FROM UNEFS USING COMPUTERIZED ASSESSMENT." In eLSE 2020. University Publishing House, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-20-223.
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Style refers to the significant and specific characteristics through which the uniqueness of personality or aptitudes, various types of capacities is expressed. Psychological vulnerability implies the existence of imbalances that disturb the development and the affective, intellectual, relational activity. Its appreciation is part of the multidisciplinary research and leads to preventive and therapeutic interventions. Stress vulnerability is defined as the characteristic feature of certain individuals, to easily develop stress reactions, towards a wide range of stressors. Although it also has genetic determination, it is constituted throughout the personal history of the individual. The aim of the investigation was to identify the work styles of 1st year students from the National University of Physical Education and Sport Bucharest (UNEFS) in order to facilitate their personal and professional development. At the research participated a total of 93 students from UNEFS, 67 male and 26 female, aged between 19 and 21 years old. In the study we used the SWS questionnaire (Survey of Work Styles) which was applied online through a computerized platform. Dimensions such as impatience, anger, work involvement, time urgency, work dissatisfaction and competitivity (scales of SWS), which directly influence the stress level of the students, were analyzed. Gender differences were also highlighted. Using the t test for two independent sample significant differences were found considering competitivity. After we underlined the profile of 1st year students from UNEFS, separately for boys and girls, in the case of each of the six scales mentioned above, suggestions for personal development have been made.
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Stikute, Elita, and Anita Skalberga. "Secondary School Level Creative Tasks for Studying Poetry." In 81th International Scientific Conference of the University of Latvia. University of Latvia Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/htqe.2023.53.
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The present study endeavors to analyze the challenges encountered by readers when interpreting poetry, and the development of their creative potential. Voluminous decoding of poetry texts is possible in the learning process if creative process is offered, which in turn enables to look for new ways of reading and explore comprehension labyrinths. Literature studies at secondary school require the development of creative task taxonomy, which would assist the reader – student to explore their creative potential and develop it deliberately. Creativity is beneficial in any area and can enrich every aspect of one’s life. It is not an inherent gift but a mastered ability to see the world, interact with it and respond accordingly. The main components of creativity can be categorised in two groups: cognitive (divergent thinking, general knowledge and thinking skills) and personality (focusing on the task and determination to complete it, motivation, tolerance towards the unknown) components. The prerequisites for creativity are connected with the educator’s attitude and expectations, as well as the ability to create a suitable environment, situations, learning tasks, because without them neither creative thinking nor action can be manifested. The educator is the initiator as well as the facilitator of the creative process, thinking and action. Based on the study of poetry of A. Čaks at secondary school, the article introduces the requirements and criteria for the development of creative tasks. The aim of the research is, based on the study of A. Čaks’ poetry in secondary school, to identify the conditions and criteria for developing creative tasks. The study was conducted using qualitative content analysis of students’ works and a case study as the research methods. The results of the case study indicate that when the teacher creates an appropriate environment and atmosphere, students are offered various creative tasks, and students can choose them according to their abilities, students willingly engage in the performance of various creative tasks. The developed methodological framework for introducing A. Čaks’ poetry is original and unprecedented in the history of literature methodology. The developed methodology can be used for the study of the personality and creative work of a specific poet (A. Čaks) as well as adapted and adjusted for the study of other writers. The ideas can be used by both practising and future literature teachers. The developed methodological framework and its results have been presented to prospective educators in the course “Methods of Teaching Latvian Literature,” educators in various continuing education courses, and at the scientific conference of the University of Latvia. Educators have highly appreciated the developed materials.
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M. Ali Jabara, Kawthar. "The forced displacement of Jews in Iraq and the manifestations of return In the movie "Venice of the East"." In Peacebuilding and Genocide Prevention. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicpgp/1.
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The character of the Jew was absent from Iraqi cinematic works, while it was present in many Arab cinematic works produced in other Arab countries, and the manner of presenting these characters and the goals behind choosing that method differed. While this character was absent from the Iraqi cinematic narration, it was present in the Iraqi novelist narration, especially after the year 2003. Its presence in the Iraqi narration was diverse, due to the specificity of the Iraqi Jewish character and its attachment to the idea of being an Iraqi citizen, and the exclusion and forced displacement that Jews were subjected to in the modern history of Iraq. This absence in the cinematic texts is a continuation of this enforced absence. The Jewish character was never present in the Iraqi cinematic narration, as far as we know, except in one short fictional movie, which is the subject of this research. The research dealt with the movie “Venice of the East 2018” by screenwriter Mustafa Sattar Al-Rikabi and director Bahaa Al-Kazemi. We chose this movie for several reasons, some technical and some non-technical. One of the non-technical reasons is that feature cinematic texts rarely dealt with Jewish characters. The movie is the only Iraqi feature movie, according to our knowledge, produced after 2003, dealt with these characters, and assumed that one of them would return to Iraq. Therefore, our choice was while we were thinking of a research sample dealing with the personality of the Iraqi Jew and what is related to him and how it was expressed graphically. As for the technical reasons, it is due to the quality of the cinematic language level that the director employed to express what he wants in this movie, whose only hero is the character of the unnamed Jewish man played by the Iraqi actor (Sami Kaftan). As well as, many of the signs contained in the visual text that provide indications that may be conscious or unconscious of the situation of this segment of Iraqis, and this will become clear in the course of the research. 4 The research is divided into a number of subjects, including historical theory and applied cinema. The historical subjects included a set of points, namely (the Jews who they are and where they live) and (their presence in Iraq). The research then passed on the existence of (the Jewish character in the Iraqi narrative narrative), and how the Iraqi novelist dealt with the Jew in his novels after 2003, and does the Iraqi narration distinguish between the Jew and the Israeli or the Zionist. The applied part of the research followed, and included a (critical view of the movie) and then passed on the cinematic narration of events in the last subject (the narration of the cinematography). We studied the cinematic narration from three perspectives (cinematic shots, camera movement, camera angle and point of view), the research concluded with a set of results from criticism and analysis. It is worth mentioning that this research is an integral part of a previous unpublished study entitled (Ethnographic movie as artistic memory), which is an ethnographic study of the personality of the Jew in the Iraqi short movie.
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Mariano, Lunizia Mattos, Guilherme dos Santos Sousa, Lucas Barbosa Napolitano de Moraes, Yasmim Nadime José Frigo, Ana Flavia Andrade Lemos, Arthur Oscar Schelp, and Luiz Eduardo Betting. "Use of lamotrigine in impulse control and social cognition in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy." In XIV Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.141s1.654.
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Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a type of focal epilepsy that can begin in one or more regions of the temporal lobe and spread to adjacent brain tissue via neural connections and can be divided into two types according to the Classification of Epileptic Syndromes (ILAE 2017). The most common is mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, which affects temporal regions such as the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, amygdala, and parahippocampal gyrus. The second type is lateral or neocortical, where seizures occur in the temporal neocortex (superior, medial and inferior temporal, temporooccipital and temporoparietal gyri and associative senses for auditory, visual and verbal functions). Approximately 60% of patients with mesial TLE associated with hippocampal atrophy are unable to control their seizures even after optimal treatment with various antiepileptic drugs. For these patients, epilepsy surgery can be an effective alternative treatment. After a series of preoperative studies, including medical history and careful neurological examination, complex neurophysiological studies (surface, surface and invasive electroencephalographic video electroencephalogram), neuroimaging studies and neuropsychological evaluations for selected cases. Notably, according to Wiebe and Engel, 2012, surgical treatment of TLE is superior to long-term medical therapy in these selected cases. Because the pathophysiological course of mesial TLE may favor preservation of epileptogenesis even after removal of the primary regions, effective cure in these patients is not always guaranteed. Furthermore, due to the location of mesiotemporal lesions, patients with TLE suffer from stigma, associated with seizure and psychiatric disorders, which affects the quality of life and functioning of these patients. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the efficacy of using antiseizure medications, especially lamotrigine on impulse control, which is also impaired in some mood disorders. Bear Fedio Inventory (BFI) was used to study the effect of lamotrigine and other antizeiures medications on impulse control in patients with TLE. Patients with TLE confirmed by clinical semiology and magnetic resonance imaging findings treated with lamotrigine or other antiseizure medications were included. Only patients older than 18 years and younger than 60 years were investigated. Patients with psychotic symptoms were excluded from this analysis. The BFI was used and applied together with the International Personality Disorder Examination (IPDE). All participants received the questionnaires and were allowed to omit any demographic data that they felt might lead to disclosure of their identity. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Botucatu Medical School. The inventory consists of 100 items that must be marked as true or false. Each group of five statements examines one of the following areas: writing tendencies, hypermorality, religious beliefs, anger and impatience, tendency to organize or order, decreased libido, fear and anxiety, guilt, seriousness, sadness, emotion, suspicious and detail-oriented, cosmic interest, belief in personal predestination, persistence and reproducibility, hatred and revenge, addiction, euphoria, and somatization. A high score is 2 or more true items in each domain, or 20 or more items marked true in total. The IPDE, on the other hand, describes personality traits according to ICD-10 and identifies them based on a set of 5 responses with at least two being true to assume that the respondent has that trait, such as impulsivity or borderline. 36 respondents answered the questionnaires and the responses were stored and categorized into two groups, those who take lamotrigine medication and those who do not. With this separation in mind, the answers that defined the personality trait according to the inventories were selected and grouped, the answers were yes or no, and the accumulation of the answers and the score of the accumulation were applied, and the positive and negative cases for the trait were grouped so that the chi-square test could be applied. Nine of the 36 respondents were taking lamotrigine and 27 were taking other medications. For the IPED with the score of impulsivity, there were 7 positives and 2 negatives, the 27 who did not use lamotrigine, 21 with a positive score and 6 negatives. For the BFI, the Hate and Vengeance and Euphoria traits were selected for comparison and to test the hypothesis of decreased impulsivity traits. There was no change in the respondents who use lamotrigine, of the 9, only 2 had a positive score and 7 a negative score, for the non-users tested in this criterion 16 positive and 11 negative. There was not difference for hatred and revenge trail between the groups (P = 0.0543). For the euphoria trait, the values for lamotrigine users were 8 positive and 1 negative, and for non-users were 21 positive and 6 negative (P = 0.466). This preliminary investigation did not show difference for impulse control between patients taking lamotrigine or not. A larger sample size is currently underway to support this observation.
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Schleicher, Dean M. "Bringing Science and Technology to the Waterfront - Donald L. Blount." In SNAME Chesapeake Power Boat Symposium. SNAME, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/cpbs-2012-001.
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Donald Blount is recognized around the world for his contributions to high-speed marine vehicles of various types for more than 50 years. A highlight of his career has been the revolutionary high-speed craft, DESTRIERO, which holds the combined east- and west-bound Atlantic crossing elapsed time record and the fastest east-bound crossing record for which its development history has been presented in numerous forums. An in-depth look at his career beyond this singular achievement will be shared in honor of his numerous contributions to the marine industry during his lifetime of bringing science and technology to the waterfront. Donald Blount began his formal career in 1954 as an intern at David Taylor Research Center while a student at Virginia Polytechnic Institute. He was hired by DTRC and worked in the model test basin and in the tests and trials branch. In 1959 he successfully tested into a naval architecture position. He concluded his degree in Mechanical Engineering at George Washington University in 1963. Also in 1963, Gene Clement and Donald published "Resistance Tests of a Systematic Series of Planing Hull Forms" in SNAME Transactions which concluded two years of testing in Tank 3 at DTRC and of the subsequent analysis of Model Series 62. He worked in Jacques Hadler's division conducting individual research and directing engineering programs relating to emerging technology in the field of hydrodynamics. He served as Project Engineer in the ship powering, small craft, propeller and full-scale trials branches. He volunteered and served two years as a civilian with NRDUV (Naval Research and Development Unit, Viet Nam) including being in Viet Nam during the summer of 1968. Throughout 1967 while acting as branch head, he received casualty reports from the field for trend monitoring. During his in-country tour in 1968, he personally participated in nine missions on the rivers of the Mekong Delta and offshore. Upon returning from his service he found that his position as Trials Branch Head at DTRC was no longer available and he chose to transfer to the Combatant Craft Engineering Department in Norfolk, Virginia as Technical Manager in 1969. He was responsible for planning, organizing and monitoring research and development programs for small craft and their systems. He also evaluated technological trends and selected promising approaches to achieve significant advances in performance. Department of Defense and other governmental agencies. He was promoted to Department Head in 1981 where he was responsible for design, engineering and testing of all non-commissioned navy craft. He supervised 80 government employees and an additional 45 contracted technical staff. The department developed contract plans and specifications used to procure navy boats and craft. He served as advisor to all levels of the Department of Defense on issues relating to state-of-the-art technologies required for producing high-speed small craft. Throughout his civil service tenure he maintained a small, private consulting practice for the recreational boating industry and when he retired from the Civil Service in 1990, he took his consulting practice full time as a naval architect and professional engineer providing hydrodynamic expertise with an emphasis on sea-keeping, propulsion, maneuvering, control and dynamic stability for high speed and special purpose commercial, military and recreational craft. Donald has published numerous papers and has received several honors in recognition of his contributions. He maintains several professional society memberships, is a professional engineer registered in Virginia and North Carolina and has professional interests including marine archaeology and the collection of antiquarian naval architectural books about boat and yacht design. He is currently writing a book regarding the technical design of small craft. An attempt is made here to present Donald's many contributions in bringing science and technology to the waterfront.
Reports on the topic "Personality tests – history"
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Boruchowicz, Cynthia, Florencia López Bóo, Benjamin Roseth, and Luis Tejerina. Default Options: A Powerful Behavioral Tool to Increase COVID-19 Contact Tracing App Acceptance in Latin America? Inter-American Development Bank, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002983.
Full textAbstract:
Being able to follow the chain of contagion of COVID-19 is important to help save lives and control the epidemic without sustained costly lockdowns. This is especially relevant in Latin America, where economic contractions have already been the largest in the regions history. Given the high rates of transmission of COVID-19, relying only in manual contact tracing might be infeasible. Acceptability and uptake of contact tracing apps with exposure notifications is key for the implementation the “test, trace and treat” triad. In the first study of its kind in Latin America, we find that for a nationally representative sample of 10 countries, an opt-out regime with automatic installation significantly increases the probability of acceptance of such apps in almost 22 p.p. compared to an opt-in regime with voluntary installation. This triples the size and is of opposite sign of the effect found in Europe and the United States. We see that an opt-out regime is more effective in increasing acceptability in South America compared to Central America and Mexico; for those who claim not to trust the national government; and for those who do not use their smartphones for financial transactions. The severity of the pandemic at the place of residence does not seem to affect the effectiveness of the opt-out regime versus an opt-in one, but feeling personally at risk does increase the willingness to accept contact tracing apps with exposure notifications in general. These results can shed light on the use of default options in public health in the context of a pandemic in Latin America.