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1

Bagby, R. Michael, and Parnian Pajouhandeh. "The Detection of Faking Good on the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4." Assessment 4, no. 3 (September 1997): 305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107319119700400310.

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The aim of this study was to examine the ability of the fake good indicators on the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4 (PDQ-4) for DSMIV Axis II disorders to assess fake good responding. A sample of 99 university students completed the PDQ-4 under respond honestly and fake good instructions. Participants were able to significantly alter their clinical profiles. However, although the two validity scales on the PDQ-4 differed significantly under the instructional set, the overall classification rates of these scales were too low to warrant use in a clinical setting.
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2

Ling, Hui, Ming-yi Qian, and Bing-jun Yang. "Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+: A study with Chinese college students." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 38, no. 3 (April 1, 2010): 311–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2010.38.3.311.

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The Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4+) has been regarded as an effective instrument for screening people with personality disorders in Western countries. Recently, it has also been widely used in research of personality disorders on the Chinese mainland. Using a sample of 4,811 Chinese college students, the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the PDQ-4+ (Yang, Rorbert, & Paul, 2000) were examined. Results indicated that the internal consistency and test-retest reliability of PDQ-4+ subscales were psychometrically acceptable. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in a 3-factor solution, which conforms to the conceptual categorization of personality disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Disorders - III (American Psychiatric Association, 1987). Significant correlation was found between PDQ-4+ subscale scores and the factor scores of the Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse Questionnaire (Bifulco, Bernazzani, Moran, & Jacobs, 2005). The sensitivity and specificity of the PDQ-4+ in the Chinese mainland population need further study.
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3

van Alebeek, Anne, Paul T. van der Heijden, Christel Hessels, Melissa S. Y. Thong, and Marcel van Aken. "Comparison of Three Questionnaires to Screen for Borderline Personality Disorder in Adolescents and Young Adults." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 33, no. 2 (March 2017): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000279.

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Abstract. One of the most common personality disorders among adolescents and young adults is the Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). The objective of current study was to assess three questionnaires that can reliably screen for BPD in adolescents and young adults (N = 53): the McLean Screening Instrument for BPD (MSI-BPD; Zanarini et al., 2003 ), the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire 4th edition – BPD scale (PDQ-4 BPD; Hyler, 1994 ), and the SCID-II Patient Questionnaire – BPD scale (SCID-II-PQ BPD). The nine criteria of BPD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV; APA, 1994 ) were measured with the Structural Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II disorders – BPD scale (SCID-II; First, Spitzer, Gibbon, Williams, & Benjamin, 1995 ). Correlations between the questionnaires and the SCID-II were calculated. In addition, the sensitivity and specificity of the questionnaires were tested. All instruments predicted the BPD diagnosis equally well.
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4

Sansone, Randy A., Anne Reddington, Karen Sky, and Michael W. Wiederman. "Borderline Personality Symptomatology and History of Domestic Violence Among Women in an Internal Medicine Setting." Violence and Victims 22, no. 1 (February 2007): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/vv-v22i1a008.

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In this study of primary care patients, we examined the relationship between a history of domestic violence (measured with the Severity of Violence Against Women Scale [SVAWS]) and borderline personality (measured with the Self-Harm Inventory [SHI] and the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4 [PDQ-4]). We elected borderline personality for examination because several diagnostic criteria sets describe relationship features suggestive of partner abuse. In this study, both measures of borderline personality were highly related to each other (r = .73, p < .001) as well as to the SVAWS (r = .70, p < .001, for the SHI; r = .73, p < .001, for the PDQ-4). Using diagnostic cutoff scores on the measures for borderline personality, 64.0% of those with histories of domestic violence scored in the positive range on either or both measures, while only 11.1% of nonabused women did. We discuss the clinical implications of these findings.
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5

Ling, Hui, and Ming-yi Qian. "Relationships between attachment and personality disorder symptoms of chinese college students." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 38, no. 4 (May 1, 2010): 571–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2010.38.4.571.

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Links between attachment in childhood and the appearance of personality disorders later in life have been traced in recent years. In this study we explored the relationship between attachment quality and personality disorder symptoms of 1,611 college students in mainland China. The results indicated that there were significant positive correlations between scores gained on the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire (PDQ-4+; Hyler, 1994) and factor scores gained on the Adult Attachment Questionnaire (AAQ3.1; Hazen & Shaver, 1987). Significant positive correlations were also found between scores gained on the PDQ-4+ and attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety on the Experiences in Close Relationship Inventory (ECR; Fraley, Waller, & Brennan, 2000). These results suggest that attachment and personality are significantly related to each other.
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Allard, Gregory, Julian Butler, David Faust, and M. Tracie Shea. "Errors in hand scoring objective personality tests: The case of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire—Revised (PDQ—R)." Professional Psychology: Research and Practice 26, no. 3 (June 1995): 304–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.26.3.304.

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7

Calvo, N., O. Andion, M. Ferrer, X. Caseras, and R. Torrubia. "Screening of personality disorders for gender among Spanish college students by personality diagnostic questionnaire-4+ (Pdq-4+)." European Psychiatry 23 (April 2008): S92—S93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.01.708.

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8

Sansone, Randy A., J. David Sinclair, and Michael W. Wiederman. "Borderline Personality among Outpatients Seen by a Pain Management Specialist." International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 39, no. 3 (September 2009): 341–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/pm.39.3.i.

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Objective: We examined the prevalence of borderline personality disorder among a sample of outpatients who were being initially evaluated by a pain management specialist. Method: Using two self-report measures for borderline personality disorder, the borderline personality scale of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4 (PDQ-4) and the Self-Harm Inventory (SHI), we explored prevalence rates of this Axis II disorder in a sample of 117 participants. Results: According to the PDQ-4 and the SHI, 9.4% and 14.5% of participants, respectively, met the criteria for borderline personality, with 6.8% meeting criteria on both measures. Conclusions: In this insured population of pain patients, rates of borderline personality, as determined by both measures, were comparable to rates of borderline personality in the general population.
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Dowson, J. H. "Assessment of DSM–III–R Personality Disorders by Self-Report Questionnaire: the Role of Informants and a Screening Test for Co-morbid Personality Disorders (STCPD)." British Journal of Psychiatry 161, no. 3 (September 1992): 344–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.161.3.344.

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A modified version of the revised Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire (PDQ–R), based on DSM–III–R personality disorders (PDs), was completed by 60 psychiatric patients. An informant's version was also completed by 60 relatives or friends nominated by each subject. Discrete DSM–III–R PDs were rare; the mean number of PDs per subject was 4.5. Cluster analysis showed that only antisocial PD was a basis for classification of patients, while most patients formed two groups which were mainly distinguished by quantitative differences related to the total scores of positive PD criteria. A shorter version of the questionnaire can be used as a screening test for co-morbid PDs (STCPD) which can predict the number of co-morbid DSM–III–R PDs. The total scores of positive PD criteria from the STCPD were usually (and significantly) higher than the corresponding scores from informants' questionnaires but when an informant's total score exceeded that of the patient, this indicated a subject's under-reporting.
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Martskvishvili, Khatuna, and Maia Mestvirishvili. "THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND PERSONALITY DISORDER SYMPTOMATOLOGY." Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century 8, no. 2 (December 25, 2014): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/ppc/14.08.143.

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Disturbances in emotion are associated with the most of the diagnostic criteria of the personality disorders, though the role of emotional intelligence in the diagnosis of personality disorders has been the subject of limited research. The present study was designed to investigate the relationships between trait emotional intelligence (trait EI) and personality disorder symptomatology in an undergraduate student sample. One hundred and twenty university students (28.3% male and 71.7 % female; M of age = 19.23, SD=2.45) were administered with (1) Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue) (Petrides, 2009), along with (2) The Personality Disorder Questionnaire-4 (PDQ-4) (Hyler E. Steven, 1994). A multivariate analysis of variance revealed a significant main effect for group with individuals without any personality disorder symptomatology scoring significantly higher than individuals with some personality accentuations on most TEIQue facets. The results suggest that different components of emotional intelligence contribute to the development of different personality disorder symptomatology, but more research is required to replicate the results with the clinical population. Key words: emotional intelligence, personality disorders.
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11

Abdin, Edimansyah, Kenneth G. W. W. Koh, Mythily Subramaniam, Meng-En Guo, Timothy Leo, Colin Teo, Ee Ee Tan, and Siow Ann Chong. "Validity of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire—4 (PDQ-4+) among Mentally Ill Prison Inmates in Singapore." Journal of Personality Disorders 25, no. 6 (December 2011): 834–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi.2011.25.6.834.

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12

Davison, Sophie, Morven Leese, and Pamela J. Taylor. "Examination of the Screening Properties of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire 4+(PDQ-4+) in a Prison Population." Journal of Personality Disorders 15, no. 2 (April 2001): 180–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi.15.2.180.19212.

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13

Fossati, Andrea, Cesare Maffei, Maria Bagnato, Deborah Donati, Michela Donini, Monica Fiorilli, Liliana Novella, and Michela Ansoldi. "Brief Communication: Criterion Validity of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4+) in a Mixed Psychiatric Sample." Journal of Personality Disorders 12, no. 2 (June 1998): 172–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi.1998.12.2.172.

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14

El Hosseiny, Walid, Mervat Abu-Nazel, Nehad Mahdy, and Gehan Mounir. "Validity of the Arabic Version of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire [PDQ-4+] in a University Youth Sample." Journal of High Institute of Public Health 34, no. 2 (April 1, 2004): 437–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jhiph.2004.189887.

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15

Calvo, Natalia, Naia Sáez-Francàs, Sergi Valero, Jesús Castro-Marrero, José Alegre Martín, and Miquel Casas. "Diagnostic Concordance Between Categorical and Dimensional Instruments to Assess Personality Disorder in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 33, no. 3 (July 2017): 158–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000281.

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Abstract. The study examines the relationship between a categorical and a dimensional personality assessment instrument in patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). A total of 162 CFS patients were included in the study (91.4% women; mean age 47.5 years). All subjects completed the Spanish versions of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4+) and the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised (TCI-R). Results: 78 (48.1%) of the patients presented a Personality Disorder (PD), the most frequent being Cluster C, specifically Obsessive-compulsive disorder, followed by Avoidant disorder. PDs showed a specific pattern of correlation with temperament scales. All PD clusters correlated positively with Harm Avoidance and Self-Transcendence, and negatively with Reward Dependence, Self-Directedness, and Cooperativeness. In a logistic regression analysis, Self-Directedness and Cooperativeness predicted PD presence. The findings are consistent with previous studies in non-CFS samples and suggest that the combination of the Temperament and Character dimensions (low Self-Directedness and Cooperativeness and high Harm Avoidance and Self-Transcendence) correlates with PD severity, and that Self-Directedness and Cooperativeness are associated with PD presence in CFS patients. The integration of these two perspectives expands the current comprehension of personality pathology in CFS patients.
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Somma, Antonella, Serena Borroni, Giulia Gialdi, Davide Carlotta, Laura Emanuela Giarolli, Margherita Barranca, Carlotta Cerioli, et al. "The Inter-Rater Reliability and Validity of the Italian Translation of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Alternative Model for Personality Disorders Module I and Module II: A Preliminary Report on Consecutively Admitted Psychotherapy Outpatients." Journal of Personality Disorders 34, Supplement C (December 2020): 95–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2020_34_511.

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To evaluate the reliability and convergent validity of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (SCID-5-AMPD) Module I and Module II, 88 adult psychotherapy participants were administered the Italian translations of the SCID-5-AMPD Module I and Module II, Level of Personality Functioning Scale-Brief Form (LPFS-BF), Level of Personality Functioning Scale-Self Report (LPFS-SF), Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5), Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4+), and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Personality Disorders (SCID-5-PD) relying on a Williams crossover design. SCID-5-AMPD Module I and Module II showed excellent inter-rater reliability. In terms of convergent validity, meaningful associations were observed between SCID-5-AMPD Module I scores and self-report measures of Criterion A; similarly, SCID-5-AMPD Module II trait scores were meaningfully related to PID-5 trait scores. As a whole, our preliminary findings supported the clinical utility of DSM-5 AMPD.
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17

Tye, Christine S., and Paul E. Mullen. "Mental Disorders in Female Prisoners." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 40, no. 3 (March 2006): 266–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2006.01784.x.

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Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the rates of mental disorder among women in prison in Victoria, and to compare with community rates. Design: A midnight census of all women in prison in Victoria was undertaken. Respondents were interviewed with a version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), an adapted version of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire (PDQ-4+) and a demographics questionnaire. Main Outcome Measures: Twelve-month prevalence rates of ICD-10 mental disorders including depressive disorders, anxiety disorders and drug-related disorders were examined. Prevalence of personality disorders was also investigated. Results: Eighty-four per cent of the female prisoners interviewed met the criteria for a mental disorder (including substance harmful use/dependence) in the year prior to interview. This rate was reduced to 66% when drug-related disorders were excluded. Fortythree per cent of subjects were identified as cases on a personality disorder screener. For all disorders, (except obsessive-compulsive disorder and alcohol harmful use) women in prison had a significantly greater likelihood of having met the 12-month diagnostic criteria when compared to women in the community. The most prevalent disorders among the female prisoners were: drug use disorder (57%), major depression (44%), Posttraumatic stress disorder (36%), and personality disorders. Almost a quarter (24%) of respondents were identified as a ‘case’ on the psychosis screen. Conclusions: In the present study female prisoners had significantly higher rates of the mental disorders investigated (with the exceptions of OCD and alcohol harmful use) when compared with women in the community. The pattern of disorder found among female prisoners is consistent with the abuse literature, suggesting that histories of abuse among the prison population may account for part of the discrepancy. These results highlight the need for improved assessment and treatment resources to meet the demands of this population.
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18

Johnson, Jeffrey G., and Robert F. Bornstein. "Personality diagnostic questionnaire-revised (PDQ-R) personality disorder scores and negative life events independently predict changes in hopkins symptom checklist (SCL-90) Psychopathology Scores." Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment 13, no. 1 (March 1991): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00960740.

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Fossati, Andrea, Carla Sharp, Serena Borroni, and Antonella Somma. "Psychometric Properties of the Borderline Personality Features Scale for Children-11 (BPFSC-11) in a Sample of Community Dwelling Italian Adolescents." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 35, no. 1 (January 2019): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000377.

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Abstract. The aims of the current study were to assess the psychometric properties of the Borderline Personality Features Scale for Children-11 (BPFSC-11) in adolescence. In particular, we aim at evaluating: the internal consistency and six-month test-retest reliability of the Italian translation of the BPFSC-11, its factor structure, and its convergent validity. Eight hundred five community dwelling adolescents were administered the Italian translations of the BPFSC-11 and Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+(PDQ-4+) Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) scale. The BPFSC-11 showed adequate internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = .78) and moderate six-month test-retest stability. Although confirmatory factor analysis did not support a one-factor model of the BPFSC-11 items, a bi-factor model (RMSEA = .04) showed that all BPFSC-11 items loaded significantly onto a general common factor, with two specific factors capturing largely residual variance due to distribution artifacts. In this study, the bivariate correlation between the BPFSC-11 and the PDQ-4+BPD scale was .64 ( p < .001). Finally, the BPFSC-11 showed gender invariance across items. In summary, our findings support the reliability and validity of the BPFSC-11 as a measure of self-reported borderline personality features in community dwelling adolescents.
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Chen, Fenglan, Xiujin Lin, Yuli Pan, Xuan Zeng, Shengjie Zhang, Hong Hu, Miaoyu Yu, and Junduan Wu. "Insomnia partially mediates the relationship between pathological personality traits and depression: a case-control study." PeerJ 9 (March 30, 2021): e11061. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11061.

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Background and Objective Personality disorders are frequently associated with insomnia and depression, but little is known about the inter-relationships among these variables. Therefore, this study examined these inter-relationships and the possible mediating effect of insomnia on the association between specific personality pathologies and depression severity. Methods There were 138 study participants, including 69 individuals with depression and 69 healthy controls. The main variables were measured by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-24 (HAMD-24), Athens Sleep Insomnia Scale (AIS), and the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire (PDQ-4+). Multivariate linear regression and mediation analysis were conducted. Results With the exception of the antisocial personality score, all the PDQ-4+ scores and AIS scores were significantly higher in the depression group than in the healthy control group (p < 0.001). In the total sample, all personality pathology scores (p < 0.001), except the antisocial personality score, had significant positive correlations with the AIS scores and HAMD-24 scores, and the AIS scores and HAMD-24 scores were positively correlated (r = 0.620, p < 0.001). Regression analysis revealed that borderline personality, passive-aggressive personality, and insomnia positively predicted the severity of depression, after adjusting for sociodemographic covariates, and that insomnia partially mediated the associations of borderline personality and passive-aggressive personality with depression severity. Conclusions Borderline personality, passive-aggressive personality, and insomnia tend to increase the severity of depression, and the effect of borderline and passive-aggressive personality on depression severity may be partially mediated by insomnia. This is the first study to report these findings in a Chinese sample, and they may help researchers to understand the pathways from specific personality pathologies to the psychopathology of depression better, which should be useful for designing interventions to relieve depression severity, as the impact of specific personality pathology and insomnia should be considered.
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Fossati, Andrea, Antonella Somma, Serena Borroni, Cesare Maffei, Kristian E. Markon, and Robert F. Krueger. "A Head-to-Head Comparison of the Personality Inventory forDSM-5(PID-5) With the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4 (PDQ-4) in Predicting the General Level of Personality Pathology Among Community Dwelling Subjects." Journal of Personality Disorders 30, no. 1 (February 2016): 82–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2015_29_184.

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22

MARCUS, DAVID K., SCOTT O. LILIENFELD, JOHN F. EDENS, and NORMAN G. POYTHRESS. "Is antisocial personality disorder continuous or categorical? A taxometric analysis." Psychological Medicine 36, no. 11 (July 12, 2006): 1571–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291706008245.

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Background. Although the DSM-IV-TR is organized into discrete disorders, the question of whether a given disorder possesses a dimensional or a categorical latent structure is an empirical one that can be examined using taxometric methods. The objective of this study was to ascertain the latent structure of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD).Method. Participants were 1146 male offenders incarcerated in state prisons (n=569), or court-ordered to residential drug treatment (n=577). Participants were interviewed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders (SCID-II) to assess ASPD symptoms; they also completed the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4 (PDQ-4) ASPD scale. Taxometric analyses were performed to examine whether ASPD is underpinned by a discrete category or a dimensional construct.Results. Multiple taxometric procedures using two different sets of indicators provided no evidence that ASPD has a taxonic latent structure. Instead, the results were far more consistent with the proposition that ASPD exists on a continuum, regardless of whether it is assessed using a structured interview or a self-report measure.Conclusions. Evidence that ASPD is dimensional suggests that it is best studied using continuous measures and that dichotomizing individuals into ASPD versus non-ASPD groups will typically result in decreased statistical power. The findings are also consistent with a multifactorial etiology for ASPD and with recent attempts to conceptualize ASPD within the framework of extant dimensional models of personality.
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Ovchinnikov, B. V., and I. V. Tyuryapina. "Diagnostic Problem of Personality Accentuations: Accented Radicals Questionnaire." Bulletin of the South Ural State University series "Psychology" 9, no. 1 (2016): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/psy160103.

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Hyler, Steven E., Ronald O. Rieder, Janet B. W. Williams, Robert L. Spitzer, Judith Hendler, and Michael Lyons. "The Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire: Development and Preliminary Results." Journal of Personality Disorders 2, no. 3 (September 1988): 229–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi.1988.2.3.229.

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UEHARA, TORU, KAORU SAKADO, and TETSUYA SATO. "Test—retest reliability of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire: Revised." Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 51, no. 6 (December 1997): 369–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1819.1997.tb02601.x.

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Fonseca-Pedrero, Eduardo, Mercedes Paino, Serafín Lemos-Giráldez, and José Muñiz. "Maladaptive personality traits in adolescence: Psychometric properties of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+." International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology 13, no. 3 (September 2013): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1697-2600(13)70025-5.

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Huang, Xiting, Hui Ling, Bingjun Yang, and Gang Dou. "Screening of Personality Disorders Among Chinese College Students by Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+." Journal of Personality Disorders 21, no. 4 (August 2007): 448–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi.2007.21.4.448.

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Johnson, Jeffrey G., and Robert F. Bornstein. "Utility of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire—Revised in A Nonclinical Population." Journal of Personality Disorders 6, no. 4 (December 1992): 450–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi.1992.6.4.450.

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29

Wierzbicki, Michael, and Joseph L. Gorman. "Correspondence between Students' Scores on the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-II and Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-Revised." Psychological Reports 77, no. 3_suppl (December 1995): 1079–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1995.77.3f.1079.

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The relation between two measures of personality disorders was examined in a nonclinical sample of 113 college students (86 women, 27 men) who completed the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-II and the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-Revised. Raw scores for 10 of 11 corresponding scales on the two instruments were significantly correlated (median r = .49). Compared to Millon's inventory, the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-Revised designated more subjects as having eccentric personality disorders but fewer as having anxious personality disorders. The significant association between scores on the inventories suggests that they assess personality traits that vary continuously in nonclinical samples. However, the finding that they differ significantly in their assignment of clinical labels shows that they should not be used to diagnose personality disorders in nonclinical populations.
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Hopwood, Christopher J., M. Brent Donnellan, Robert A. Ackerman, Katherine M. Thomas, Leslie C. Morey, and Andrew E. Skodol. "The Validity of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire–4 Narcissistic Personality Disorder Scale for Assessing Pathological Grandiosity." Journal of Personality Assessment 95, no. 3 (May 2013): 274–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2012.732637.

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Gallucci, Nicholas T., and James E. Ambler. "Differentiating under- and Overcontrolled Behavior of Adolescent Outpatients with the High School Personality Questionnaire." Psychological Reports 60, no. 1 (February 1987): 335–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1987.60.1.335.

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This study evaluated whether the High School Personality Questionnaire could reliably distinguish between groups of adolescents with under- and overcontrolled behavior as identified by DSM-III diagnoses. Clients for outpatient psychotherapy from a mental health agency completed these questionnaires at intake and were later assigned DSM-III diagnoses by their therapists without reference to the questionnaires. As predicted, subscales of the questionnaire reliably discriminated diagnostic groups; however, mean differences for the discriminating variables were small. While the High School Personality Questionnaire has limited utility in the diagnostic process with adolescents, it did provide information concerning potential strengths or behavioral assets.
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de Reus, Rob J. M., Julia F. van den Berg, and Paul M. G. Emmelkamp. "Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire 4+ is not Useful as a Screener in Clinical Practice." Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy 20, no. 1 (July 19, 2011): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpp.766.

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33

Jacobsberg, Lawrence, Samuel Perry, and Allen Frances. "Diagnostic Agreement Between the SCID-II Screening Questionnaire and the Personality Disorder Examination." Journal of Personality Assessment 65, no. 3 (December 1995): 428–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa6503_4.

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Hyler, Steven E., Andrew E. Skodol, John M. Oldham, H. David Kellman, and Norman Doidge. "Validity of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-Revised: A replication in an outpatient sample." Comprehensive Psychiatry 33, no. 2 (March 1992): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-440x(92)90001-7.

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35

Bach, Bo, Erik Simonsen, Peter Christoffersen, and Levente Kriston. "The Young Schema Questionnaire 3 Short Form (YSQ-S3)." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 33, no. 2 (March 2017): 134–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000272.

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Abstract. Early Maladaptive Schemas, as measured with the Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ), are proposed to underlie a variety of mental health problems, in particular Personality Disorders. The latest short version of the instrument measuring all 18 schemas, the YSQ-S3, has only been examined to a limited extent, and its associations with Personality Disorders have not yet been tested in a psychiatric setting. We investigated psychometric properties of the Danish YSQ-S3 including its associations with Personality Disorders. A mixed Danish sample of clinical and nonclinical participants (N = 567) completed the YSQ-S3, whereas a clinical subsample (n = 142) was also assessed with a diagnostic interview for Personality Disorders. We performed reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, regression analysis, and tested for group differences using analysis of variance. The Danish YSQ-S3 proved to be a reliable and valid measure. Its theoretical factorial structure was weakly but sufficiently supported. Its scales were meaningfully associated with specific Personality Disorders and discriminated between relevant groups. We conclude that the YSQ-S3 is a psychometrically valuable instrument for the assessment of Early Maladaptive Schemas in both clinical and research settings. Findings are discussed in relation to Personality Disorders and the Schema Therapy model.
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Schotte, C. K. W. "Assessment of borderline personality disorder: considering a diagnostic strategy." Acta Neuropsychiatrica 14, no. 2 (April 2002): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1601-5215.2002.140201.x.

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Background:Borderline personality disorder (BPD) represents a highly prevalent, severe and difficult-to-treat mental health problem.Objective:This paper considers methods, instruments and strategies for assessing BPD as described within the frame of the DSM-IV classification.Conclusions:Following the general diagnostic approach introduced by Van Praag in biological psychiatry, a two-tier diagnostic strategy for the descriptive diagnostic assessment of BPD is recommended. Axis one results in a DSM-IV Axis II categorical diagnosis, whereas axis two refers to a symptomatological, dimensional or functional approach, in which the psychological dysfunctions of the nosological syndrome are depicted. Moreover, in a clinical context a basic aim of the diagnostic evaluation is to obtain therapeutically valid information that leads to a constructive conceptual framework, to a case formulation in which therapeutic interventions are understood, selected and implemented. This framework should be based on a biopsychosocial theoretical model and its application in the clinical context involves feedback to the patient, in which the descriptive evaluation is integrated with etiological; and pathogenic elements using an idiographic approach. This therapeutically orientated diagnostic strategy is illustrated by the use of the ADP-IV (Assessment of DSM-IV personality disorders) questionnaire within a cognitive behavioral orientation.
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van Velzen, Carol J. M., Frans Luteijn, Agnes Scholing, Wiljo J. P. J. van Hout, and Paul M. G. Emmelkamp. "The efficacy of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-revised as a diagnostic screening instrument in an anxiety disorder group." Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy 6, no. 5 (November 1999): 395–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0879(199911)6:5<395::aid-cpp214>3.0.co;2-g.

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Fournier, J. C., R. J. DeRubeis, and A. T. Beck. "Dysfunctional cognitions in personality pathology: the structure and validity of the Personality Belief Questionnaire." Psychological Medicine 42, no. 4 (September 13, 2011): 795–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291711001711.

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BackgroundThis study examines the structure of the Personality Belief Questionnaire (PBQ), a self-report instrument designed to assess dysfunctional beliefs associated with personality pathology, as proposed by the cognitive theory of personality dysfunction.MethodThe PBQ was examined using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with responses from 438 depressed out-patients, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with responses from 683 treatment-seeking psychiatric out-patients. All participants were assessed for personality disorder (PD) using a standard clinical interview. The validity of the resulting factor structure was assessed in the combined sample (n=1121) by examining PBQ scores for patients with and without PD diagnoses.ResultsExploratory and confirmatory analyses converged to indicate that the PBQ is best described by seven empirically identified factors: six assess dysfunctional beliefs associated with forms of personality pathology recognized in DSM-IV. Validity analyses revealed that those diagnosed with a PD evidenced a higher average score on all factors, relative to those without these disorders. Subsets of patients diagnosed with specific DSM-IV PDs scored higher, on average, on the factor associated with their respective diagnosis, relative to all other factors.ConclusionsThe pattern of results has implications for the conceptualization of personality pathology. To our knowledge, no formal diagnostic or assessment system has yet systematically incorporated the role of dysfunctional beliefs into its description of personality pathology. The identification of dysfunctional beliefs may not only aid in case conceptualization but also may provide unique targets for psychological treatment. Recommendations for future personality pathology assessment systems are provided.
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Yeung, Albert S., Michael J. Lyons, Christine M. Waternaux, Stephen V. Faraone, and Ming T. Tsuang. "Empirical determination of thresholds for case identification: Validation of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-Revised." Comprehensive Psychiatry 34, no. 6 (November 1993): 384–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-440x(93)90062-9.

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Lioznova, E. V. "The Diagnostic Method Features of Communication Subject Development (ORSO)." Psychological-Educational Studies 6, no. 2 (2014): 334–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psyedu.2014060228.

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The purpose of the article is familiarization with the development of questionnaire "Features of communication subject development" (ORSO). This new psychodiagnostic tool assesses communicative personality traits, its characteristics as the subject of communication. We present the theoretical foundation of the approach to the personality as a subject of communication, propose a structure of such subject, including two levels of properties: generic and specific. The latter include the responsibility in communication, unconditional acceptance of self, attitude to the partner as an absolute value. The questionnaire comprises five scales and measures the level of these features, as well as integrated communication success rate. The accuracy of responses is controlled by the scale of the adequacy of self-esteem. We describe communication styles, revealed by the ratio of the generic properties. The test is intended for men and women older than 12 years and allows to predict the success of communication with different partners in different situations and features of communicative behavior, attitudes, experiences of the respondent. We presented satisfactory performance criteria of test quality: reliability, validity and representativeness of the ORSO technique, provide examples of its application in scientific and applied purposes and prospects for future work.
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Peri, Josep M., Ana Muñoz-Champel, Rafael Torrubia, and Fernando Gutiérrez. "The General Criteria for Personality Disorders Assessed by Interview: Do They Still Have a Role to Play?" Journal of Personality Disorders 33, no. 4 (August 2019): 515—S9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2018_32_356.

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On the path to developing dimensional models of personality disorder (PD), we are at risk of leaving key diagnostic aspects behind. The general criteria for PD may be important ones because they reflect the defining aspects of personality pathology: long duration, independence from psychopathological states, and harmfulness. We assessed these criteria by interview in a sample of 362 psychiatric outpatients after administering the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire–4+. The result was a 42.5% fall in self-reported endorsements, due to misinterpretations (11.5%), short duration of traits or contamination by state psychopathology (9.8%), and traits being non-harmful (21.2%). However, not all personality traits and disorders underwent correction to the same extent, and ultimately, the interview did not improve the prediction of clinical variables. These findings raise doubts about the practical relevance of the general criteria for PD and support the role of self-report questionnaires for diagnostic purposes.
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Saunders, K. E. A., A. C. Bilderbeck, J. Price, and G. M. Goodwin. "Distinguishing bipolar disorder from borderline personality disorder: A study of current clinical practice." European Psychiatry 30, no. 8 (October 21, 2015): 965–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.09.007.

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AbstractBackgroundDiagnosing mental illness is a central role for psychiatrists. Correct diagnosis informs both treatment and prognosis, and facilitates accurate communication. We sought to explore how psychiatrists distinguished two common psychiatric diagnoses: bipolar disorder (BD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD).MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study of psychiatrists to explore their practical experience. We then sought to validate these results by conducting a questionnaire study testing the theoretical knowledge and practical experience of a large number of UK psychiatrists. Finally we studied the assessment process in NHS psychiatric teams by analysing GP letters, assessments by psychiatrists, and assessment letters.ResultsThere was broad agreement in both the qualitative and questionnaire studies that the two diagnoses can be difficult to distinguish. The majority of psychiatrists demonstrated in survey responses a comprehensive understanding DSM-IV-TR criteria although many felt that these criteria did not necessarily assist diagnostic differentiation. This scepticism about diagnostic criteria appeared to strongly influence clinical practice in the sample of clinicians we observed. In only a minority of assessments were symptoms of mania or BPD sufficiently assessed to establish the presence or absence of each diagnosis.ConclusionClinical diagnostic practice was not adequate to differentiate reliably BD and BPD. The absence of reliable diagnostic practice has widespread implications for patient care, service provision and the reliability of clinical case registries.
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Kokurin, A. V., and V. E. Petrov. "Features of the application of five-factor personality questionnaire in the activities of psychologists of the bodies of internal affairs." Psychology and Law 6, no. 3 (2016): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2016060304.

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The article is devoted to the study opportunities five-factor personality questionnaire as diagnostic tools for the study of the personality of employees of internal Affairs bodies in different categories. Subject of research – the practice of application of this methodology in the activities of the departmental psychologists. The research urgency is caused by necessity of scientific verification of the questionnaire for the decision of tasks of internal Affairs bodies. The study was conducted by psychological testing and expert evaluation. As the mathematical tools used descriptive statistics (frequency analysis and grouping), criterion *2 and student's t-test. The novelty of this study is to clarify the regulatory indicators questionnaire for categories such as "employee of ATS" (generalized image), "employee commandant's offices", "police", "policeman-driver". Study allows you to expand the scope of the questionnaire (the study of the personality of employees, demonstrating certain types of deviant behavior; individualization of forms and methods of psychological preparation and assistance; prediction of behavior in extreme conditions and professional and personal development).
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Zavatskyi, Vadym, Yurii Zavatskyi, and Liana Spicka. "Subjective Population of Personality: Socio-Psychological Aspects." Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 5, no. 1 (April 20, 2018): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.5.1.114-119.

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The paper is aimed at identifying the influence of socio-psychological factors on the formation of subjective wellbeing of a married person. The following methods were used: questionnaire, psycho diagnostic techniques for investigating satisfaction with marriage, personal self-fulfillment in the family (on the operational level and the level of values and role sets), socio-psychological adaptation, conformity of family values and role expectations in marriage. The data about the content, structural components (cognitive and evaluation, value and motivational, emotional and behavioral) and functions (regulatory, prognostic, developmental) of subjective well-being of a married person have been presented. Socio-psychological factors of subjective well-being of a married person have been specified
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Kim, Suck Won, and Kathleen Maxwell Hoover. "Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire: Assessment in Patients with Social Phobia and a Control Group." Psychological Reports 78, no. 1 (February 1996): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1996.78.1.43.

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We administered the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire to 40 control subjects and to 47 social phobia patients who met Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID) criteria for social phobia and participated in a multicenter treatment study. Multiple comparisons with Bonferroni correction showed a significant increase in total Harm Avoidance scale scores and all four subscale scores for the social phobia group. On a Reward Dependence subscale that measures persistence versus irresoluteness the mean was significantly lower in the social phobia group than the control group. Present findings extend an earlier report of increased Harm Avoidance in major depressive disorder and other clinical diagnostic groups.
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Sood, Neelam, Medhavi Sood, Swasti Bansal, and Dweep Chand Singh. "Psychosocial profile of women reporting with breast related symptoms and their association with time taken for presentation, a hospital based study." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, no. 11 (October 26, 2020): 4356. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20204730.

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Background: The paper aims to study psycho-socio- demographic factors of women presenting with breast symptoms, find their correlations with (TTP).Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Breast diagnostic clinic of a tertiary care hospital over a period of 2 months with the aim to approach all those women attending the breast diagnostic clinics and who had not started any treatment so far. The data collection was done using self-administered questionnaire and interview based questionnaire as required for a period of 2 months. 80 patients were included in the study. Their socio-demographic data, health seeking behaviour were collected and personality traits, life orientation and coping styles were assessed using the standardized tests. Descriptive, correlation analysis and stepwise linear regression followed by logistic regression, using SPSS20 software.Results: TTP was long with mean 6months. It was found to be negatively associated with size of the lump and education and positively with awareness about risk of cancer. Life orientation styles and personality traits showed no correlation. Pessimism was the seen in the majority of women.Conclusions: Education and increasing awareness about risk of cancer in the women can help them to report for treatment without delay. The understanding of coping skill, life orientation and personality domains and their relationship with TTP in the pre-diagnostic stage can help in future planning strategies during the course of treatment for breast cancer.
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Rezaee, Mehdi, MohammadReza Ahmadi, Samira Goodarzi, and Hossein Shahahmadi. "Hierarchical analysis of persian version of diagnostic assessment of personality pathology-basic questionnaire and efficiency of its factors in predicting personality disorders." International Journal of Educational and Psychological Researches 1, no. 1 (2015): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2395-2296.147470.

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Watson, David, Stephanie Ellickson-Larew, Kasey Stanton, Holly F. Levin-Aspenson, and Shereen Khoo. "Examining the Criterion Validity and Diagnostic Specificity of Self-Report Measures of Narcissism and Mania." Assessment 28, no. 1 (May 2, 2020): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073191120918012.

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We examined the validity of self-report measures of narcissism and mania by relating them to interview-based ratings of psychopathology. Narcissism scales were taken from the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI), the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire–4+, and the Short Dark Triad. Mania measures included the Altman Self-Rated Mania Scale (ASRM) and scales taken from the Hypomanic Personality Scale (HPS) and Expanded Version of the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms. Our analyses addressed two key issues. The first issue was whether these scales demonstrated significant criterion validity (e.g., whether the HPS scales correlated significantly with interview ratings of mania). The second issue was whether they displayed specificity to their target constructs (e.g., whether the NPI scales correlated more strongly with ratings of narcissistic personality disorder than with other forms of psychopathology). All of the narcissism scales—including all three NPI subscales—correlated significantly with interview ratings of narcissistic personality disorder and showed considerable evidence of diagnostic specificity. Most of the mania scales also displayed good criterion validity and diagnostic specificity. However, two measures—the ASRM and the HPS Social Vitality subscale—had weak, nonsignificant associations with interview ratings of manic episodes; these findings raise concerns regarding their validity as specific indicators of mania.
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Dushkevich, Maryana, and Nikita Glushchenko. "DEVELOPMENT, APPROBATION AND STANDARDIZATION OF “SCALE OF INCESTUOUS PERSONALITY” QUESTIONNAIRE." PSYCHOLOGICAL JOURNAL 7, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 108–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31108/1.2021.1.9.

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Taking into account the current needs of modern national psychodiagnostics, and having discovered that Ukraine lacks valid tools that investigate and check the likelihood of sexual abuse by one person of another’s personal boundaries, the article authors have developed, tested and standardized the author’s questionnaire: “Scale of incestuous personality” (Glushchenko N. A., Dushkevich M.M.). The study was carried out from February 2019 to December 2020, included a pilot study with people who had experienced incest trauma and a further step-by-step study of the psychometric characteristics of the newly created questionnaire. The main sample consisted of 267 Ukrainians, with the age ranged from 18 to 62 years old, who lived in 19 regions of Ukraine, belonged to heterogeneous professional groups and had different educational levels. The internal consistency of the questionnaire was determined using the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, which was a = 0.90, which indicated excellent reliability of the proposed method. This psychological diagnostic instrumentation showed good retest reliability (Pearson's coefficient r = 895, p ≤ 0.01). The authors proposed a theoretical model for the questionnaire structure, which described the internal validity, identified the main categories determining an individual’s manifestations of incestuousness: violation of psychological and physical boundaries, violations of physical body perception; violations of sexual and personal identity; rejection of intimacy and sexual arousal; confusion of the concepts of sex and love; depressive moods; signs of oversexualization; sexual dysfunction; transfer of control; emotional deprivation; having secrets; difficulties in building interpersonal relationships; defectiveness and shame; social alienation and so on. The established expert commission found that the methodology has a mutually consistent and homogeneous inclusion of emotional, cognitive, motivational and behavioral components of the examined phenomenon of incestuousness. The constructive validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by its factorial structure, which consists of 5 scales: “Psycho-emotional distrust”, “Sexualized identification”, “Emotional-anxious identification”, “Openly controlling intimacy” and “General indicator of incestuousness”. All scales are compared with the theoretical model and interpreted. The presence of significant correlations between the "Scale of incestuous personality" (Glushchenko N.A., Dushkevich M.M.) and methods studying the internal organization of a personality, maladaptive schemes, attitudes towards sex, intimate life, personal boundaries and existing traumatic experience indicates the convergent validity of the developed questionnaire. Statistical differences by gender were revealed for the general indicator of incestuousness; all other indicators of the scale did not depend on the respondents’ age and / or place of residence. Using the definition of stans, test norms for men and women were calculated, and levels of incestuousness were determined and interpreted.
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Sansone, Randy A., and Michael W. Wiederman. "The self-harm inventory: A meta-analysis of its relationship to the personality diagnostic questionnaire-4 as a measure of borderline personality disorder." International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice 19, no. 4 (August 14, 2015): 290–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13651501.2015.1074708.

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