Journal articles on the topic 'Personal inventories'
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1
Alexander, C. Norman, and John J. Beggs. "Disguising Personal Inventories: A Situated Identity Strategy." Social Psychology Quarterly 49, no. 2 (June 1986): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2786729.
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Taylor, Christopher. "The need for archaeological inventories: Co. Louth, Eire, and beyond." Antiquity 61, no. 231 (March 1987): 80–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00072562.
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The first of a new series of archaeological inventories for Ireland has been published. Christopher Taylor – himself a senior officer of the English commission with the equivalent role – goes beyond Louth to give a personal view of the whole business of published monument inventories.
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OGILVIE, SHEILAGH, MARKUS KÜPKER, and JANINE MAEGRAITH. "Household Debt in Early Modern Germany: Evidence from Personal Inventories." Journal of Economic History 72, no. 1 (March 12, 2012): 134–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050711002464.
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The “less-developed” interior of early modern Europe, especially the rural economy, is often regarded as financially comatose. This article investigates this view using a rich data set of marriage and death inventories for seventeenth-century Germany. It first analyzes the characteristics of debts, examining borrowing purposes, familial links, communal ties, and documentary instruments. It then explores how borrowing varied with gender, age, marital status, occupation, date, and asset portfolio. It finds that ordinary people, even in a “less-developed” economy in rural central Europe, sought to invest profitably, smooth consumption, bridge low liquidity, and hold savings in financial form.
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Briginshaw, John. "Teaching Accounting For Inventory By Calling On Students’ Personal Experiences." American Journal of Business Education (AJBE) 3, no. 3 (March 1, 2010): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/ajbe.v3i3.400.
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This essay seeks to give practical guidance to accounting instructors seeking to convey the difficult concepts of accounting for inventory. Techniques to convey the concepts of assumed inventory flow, inventory valuation under inflation and deflation, impairment of inventories, LIFO liquidations and the concept of the periodic inventory system are considered.
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Accardo, C. M., D. C. Aboyoun, B. A. Alford, and J. T. Cannon. "Diaries: Who Keeps Them and Why." Perceptual and Motor Skills 82, no. 2 (April 1996): 559–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1996.82.2.559.
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Directed diary keeping is an important method of gathering data for various therapeutic and research purposes. Little information, however, has been collected on spontaneously kept diaries. A questionnaire relating to personal diary keeping and five personality inventories were administered to 101 undergraduates. Analysis suggested that women keep diaries more often and at an earlier age than men. Also, information regarding diary content and reasons for starting and stopping a diary are discussed. Surprisingly, scores on personality inventories were not significantly different for respondents who had kept a diary than scores for those who had not.
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Petley, Christer. "Managing “Property”." Journal of Global Slavery 6, no. 1 (January 29, 2021): 81–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405836x-00601004.
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Abstract Probate inventories helped to support the established social and economic order in colonial Jamaica. These documents were part of the legal process of winding up an estate after a death and presented an account of personal possessions that had belonged to a decedent. They facilitated the transfer of property to heirs and identified those parts of an estate that were available for the repayment of debts. The inventories contain lists of enslaved people, representing them as a type of “property,” and so these documents form a major part of the archive of Jamaican slavery. This article explores the practices, aims, and assumptions of the people who produced the inventories, developing our understanding of slaveholder culture in the British Caribbean and of the bureaucratic and accounting techniques that facilitated slave management.
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Koupal, John W., Allison DenBleyker, Gopi Manne, Maia Hill Batista, and Thomas Schmitt. "Capabilities and Limitations of Telematics for Vehicle Emissions Inventories." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2676, no. 3 (October 19, 2021): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03611981211049109.
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Eastern Research Group, Inc. evaluated the current state of personal vehicle telematics data with respect to emission inventory development, identifying relative strengths and weaknesses, and how these data could align better with the needs of emission modelers. A market survey of telematics firms provided an overview of available data, and identified several candidate sources for location-based and engine-based telematics data on personal vehicles. Data were then purchased from three different vendors: StreetLight Data, Moonshadow Mobile, and Otonomo. These data were applied in case studies conducted in the Denver metro area, U.S., to assess strengths and weaknesses of telematics for developing emission inventories. Case studies included using telematics to estimate regional vehicle miles traveled (VMT) for annual emission inventories; tracking the VMT impacts of COVID shutdown; generating location- and time-specific vehicle activity inputs for project scale “hot spot” air quality analysis; and estimating the distribution of fuel fill level from real-world data, which is important for evaporative emissions. These case studies confirmed that telematics can serve a growing range of emission inventory use cases, and use of these data may help improve emission inventory accuracy. However, there are also several limitations of the data to consider in preparing emission inventories; for example, it can be difficult to assess the representativeness of telematics data because of a lack of vehicle information. The authors encourage telematics firms to cater data products more directly to the needs of emission inventory modelers, to better harness the enormous potential of these data for refining vehicle emission inventory estimates.
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Sherrill, Claudine, Tamara Gilstrap, Kenneth Richir, Barbara Gench, and Marilyn Hinson. "Use of the Personal Orientation Inventory with Disabled Athletes." Perceptual and Motor Skills 67, no. 1 (August 1988): 263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1988.67.1.263.
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Athletes who are blind or have impairments in hand-eye coordination that prevent writing are unable to complete psychological inventories in the standardized manner, i.e., read silently and answered independently and anonymously. Two studies were conducted on the oral administration of the Personal Orientation Inventory as a measure of self-actualization of disabled athletes. Reliabilities were examined across modalities (oral vs written) by administering the inventory both ways to 25 high school and college athletes, M age = 21.6 yr. Test-retest reliability for oral administration was affirmed in a study of 15 blind elite male athletes and 15 cerebral palsied elite male and female athletes. It was concluded that the inventory, administered orally, may be appropriately used with disabled athletes.
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Firkola, Peter. "Review of Career Assessment Tools." Archives of Business Research 9, no. 11 (December 4, 2021): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.911.11299.
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This paper provides an overview of career assessment tools. Background on key career concepts is first introduced. A number of career assessment tools are then examined. These assessment tools included reviewing personal history, interest inventories, values assessments, personality assessments, and aptitude tests. The importance and limitations of these career assessment tools are then discussed.
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Crispí, Marta. "The Use of Devotional Objects in Catalan Homes during the Late Middle Ages." Religions 11, no. 1 (December 25, 2019): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel11010012.
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The purpose of this article is to study domestic devotion in Catalonia in the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, based on the information provided by numerous post-mortem inventories and texts written by coetaneous spiritual authors such as Ramon Llull, Francesc Eiximenis and Saint Vincent Ferrer. Among the objects recorded in the inventories, pieces of furniture and devotional objects laypeople and clergymen used in their pious practices as “material” aid for personal prayer stood out. They were in keeping with the strong visual culture that pervaded the Late Middle Ages. There were retables, oratories and images of religious themes. However, the inventories also listed lesser known but equally recurring objects such as paternosters and Agni Dei. Painted cloths depicting religious scenes that decorated the homes of numerous wealthy Catalan-Aragonese families at that time were also present. Spiritual books such as books of hours and psalters, biblical texts, Legenda Aurea, etc., were mentioned as well. They were part of the incipient libraries of the laity in the Late Middle Ages.
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Campos, Josiane Rosa, Alessandra Turini Bolsoni Silva, Marta Regina Gonçalves Correia Zanini, and Sonia Regina Loureiro. "Predictors of behavioral problems in adolescents: family, personal and demographic variables." Psico-USF 24, no. 2 (April 2019): 273–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-82712019240205.
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Abstract This study aimed to correlate, compare and identify the family, personal and demographic variables that may predict behavioral problems in adolescents. A total of 300 adolescents participated, 230 with behavioral problems (177 girls and 53 boys; M= 14.00 years; SD=1.24) and 70 without (47 girls and 23 boys; M=14.09 years; SD=1.33). Data was collected through questionnaires and inventories completed by adolescents and analyzed using Pearson’s correlation, Student’s t-tests and multiple binary logistic regression. Results showed low self-control as a risk factor and social skills and low frequency of physical abuse and maternal neglect as protection factors. The model evaluated had a reasonable predictive power (79.9%, specificity 93.9% and sensitivity 34.3%). The findings contribute to the prevention of behavioral problems in adolescents.
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Morawski, Konrad. "Czy może istnieć świat rzeczy bez rzeczy? Problem badania inwentarzy dóbr w historii sztuki." Artium Quaestiones, no. 29 (May 7, 2019): 187–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/aq.2018.29.7.
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The paper addresses a problem which traditional art history has thus far ignored, i.e. the examination of items listed in inventories of property. Art historians usually approach concrete works of art to textualize them, while they are helpless confronting items “hidden” behind a text. In the context of the “materiality turn,” inventories reveal their paradoxical character since they include “personal” information about individual objects. If one assumes that the inventory is an instrument used to examine the objects listed in it, one must also realize a basic paradox of approaching them via their purely textual representation. A growing interest of art historians in publishing historical sources, in particular inventories, should result in more reflection on the role assigned to texts and things by historiography. To answer the question how items listed in inventories are available to their readers, the author has made references to cognitive linguistics and epistemology, critiques of historical narrativism, and poststructuralism. Such a comprehensive frame of reference made it possible to analyze some problems of the theory of historical source analysis and the editing and publishing of source texts. A comparison of art history and history of material culture resulted in defining the expectations and limitations related to the study of property inventories conducted by both disciplines. The experience of object analysis, which is a key prerequisite of interpretation, has been described in reference to three cognitive terms: concepts, exemplars, and invariants. The scholar trying to use all the available sources to reach the object itself must take advantage of all his/her experience. Analysis is possible only in a context, while the meaning of concepts, i.e. brief entries about individual items, can be discovered only in a complex system of semiotic reference. Apparently, such analysis can never be objective.
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Jackson-Maldonado, Donna, Donna Thal, Virginia Marchman, Elizabeth Bates, and Vera Gutierrez-Clellen. "Early lexical development in Spanish-speaking infants and toddlers." Journal of Child Language 20, no. 3 (October 1993): 523–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000900008461.
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ABSTRACTThis paper describes the early lexical development of a group of 328 normal Spanish-speaking children aged 0;8 to 2;7. First the development and structure of a new parent report instrument,Inventario del Desarollo de Habilidades Communcativasis described. Then five studies carried out with the instrument are presented. In the first study vocabulary development of Spanish-speaking infants and toddlers is compared to that of English-speaking infants and toddlers. The English data were gathered using a comparable parental report, theMacArthur Communicative Development Inventories. In the second study the general characteristics of Spanish language acquisition, and the effects of various demographic factors on that process, are examined. Study 3 examines the differential effects of three methods of collecting the data (mail-in, personal interview, and clinic waiting room administration). Studies 4 and 5 document the reliability and validity of the instrument. Results show that the trajectories of development are very similar for Spanish-and English-speaking children in this age range, that children from varying social groups develop similarly, and that mail-in and personal interview administration techniques produce comparable results. Inventories administered in a medical clinic waiting room, on the otherhand, produced lower estimates of toddler vocabulary than the other two models.
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Jensen, Mary A. "Functions of writing and signs of organization in young children's written stories, inventories and personal correspondence." Early Child Development and Care 56, no. 1 (January 1990): 65–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0300443900560107.
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Henry, Paul. "Perceived Problem-Solving and Vocational Identity: Implication for Nontraditional Premedical Students." Psychological Reports 78, no. 3 (June 1996): 843–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1996.78.3.843.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between vocational identity and self-appraised problem solving. A total of 86 students enrolled in a special program took the Vocational Identity subscale of My Vocational Situation and the Problem Solving Inventory one week apart. Pearson product-moment correlations indicated a relationship between personal problem-solving appraisal and vocational identity, suggesting the inventories assess one construct. Implications for intervention strategies for the present population are discussed.
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Kotzageorgis, Phokion. "A City on the Move." Archiv orientální 84, no. 1 (May 4, 2016): 105–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.47979/aror.j.84.1.105-137.
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The paper aspires to contribute to the issue of mobility within the Ottoman Empire. The research is based on an analysis of the Ottoman probate inventories of Thessaloniki, the most important port in the Ottoman Balkans in the 18th century. From a total of 4,000 probate inventories, the research focuses on a sample of more than 600 cases of both Salonicans who died away from their home town and of non Salonicans who died in Thessaloniki during almost the whole of the 18th century (1696–1770). The analysis reveals that the deceased can be classified into three categories: military men, merchants, and pilgrims. Special reference is made to women who moved around and to the places of death of foreigners in the city. These three categories suggest that the main reasons for ordinary people to voluntarily move within the Ottoman Empire were trade, pilgrimage, and membership in the army. Few cases where people travelled for personal reasons are recorded.
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Maroco, João, and Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini Campos. "Defining the Student Burnout Construct: A Structural Analysis from Three Burnout Inventories." Psychological Reports 111, no. 3 (December 2012): 814–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/14.10.20.pr0.111.6.814-830.
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College student burnout has been assessed mainly with the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). However, the construct's definition and measurement with MBI has drawn several criticisms and new inventories have been suggested for the evaluation of the syndrome. A redefinition of the construct of student burnout is proposed by means of a structural equation model, reflecting burnout as a second order factor defined by factors from the MBI–Student Survey (MBI-SS); the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory–Student Survey (CBI-SS) and the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory–Student Survey (OLBI–SS). Standardized regression weights from Burnout to Exhaustion and Cynicism from the MBI-SS scale, Personal Burnout and Studies Related Burnout from the CBI, and Exhaustion and Disengagement from OLBI, show that these factors are strong manifestations of students' burnout. For college students, the burnout construct is best defined by two dimensions described as “physical and psychological exhaustion” and “cynicism and disengagement.”
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Leão, Indira. "Cristãs-novas condenadas pelo Tribunal do Santo Ofício de Lisboa (século XVII)." História: Revista da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto 11, no. 1 (2021): 131–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/0871164x/hist11_1a6.
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This study focuses on the inquisitorial processes of ten new Crypto-Jewish women convicted by the Court of the Holy Office of Lisbon between 1662 and 1694. The analysis of this documentary is essential to understand the institution's position in these cases, revealing the crypto-Jewish practices that ledtothe condemnation of the crypto-Jewish women. In addition, the documentationshow strategies of personal resistanceand community protection inCourt.Women individual inventories of goods will also be considered in this analysis, related with their wealthand religious beliefs.
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Rosa, William, Tarron Estes, and Jean Watson. "Caring Science Conscious Dying." Nursing Science Quarterly 30, no. 1 (December 25, 2016): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894318416680538.
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Caring science is an extant theory of human relationship, guiding the profession of nursing with the understanding and application of a moral-ethical praxis that promotes, protects, and provides human dignity throughout the life continuum. Over the past 30 or more years, caring science has transformed nursing by calling for a heightened ethical perspective of human dignity in how nurses practice, educate, research, and evolve the profession. Conscious dying is a framework rooted in a human caring ontology, which strives to deepen the nurse healer’s awareness in tending to a patient’s dying and death, returning death to its sacred place in the cycle of life. Reflective inventories are self-reflection tools that have been used to encourage nurses’ personal growth and development and may be utilized in individual or group settings. The purpose herein is to introduce an emerging metaparadigm that links self to system, interweaving and integrating the teachings of caring science and conscious dying through the use of reflective inventories for both the individual nurse and collective of nursing.
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Persinger, M. A., and K. Makarec. "Exotic Beliefs May Be Substitutes for Religious Beliefs." Perceptual and Motor Skills 71, no. 1 (August 1990): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1990.71.1.16.
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The percentages of items of the Personal Philosophy Inventories that reflect either traditional religious or exotic (alien intelligence, reincarnation) beliefs were compared for 504 female and 343 male university students as a function of church attendance; the data were collected over a 10-yr. period. A statistically significant interaction between the two clusters of beliefs and church attendance suggested that exotic beliefs may substitute for religious beliefs. Years of university experience did not reduce the incidence of either type of belief while preteenage religious experiences enhanced endorsement of both religious and exotic beliefs.
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COŞGEL, METIN M., and BOĞAÇ A. ERGENE. "Inequality of Wealth in the Ottoman Empire: War, Weather, and Long-Term Trends in Eighteenth-Century Kastamonu." Journal of Economic History 72, no. 2 (May 30, 2012): 308–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050712000046.
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This article offers a quantitative analysis of wealth inequality in the Ottoman Empire, employing data from probate inventories (terekes) of eighteenth-century Kastamonu, a town located in northern Anatolia. Extracting information on wealth levels and personal characteristics of individuals, we estimate aggregate measures of wealth inequality, namely the Gini coefficient, the coefficient of variation, and the wealth shares of the wealthiest 10 and 25 percent of estates. We use regression analysis to identify the time trend of wealth inequality and determine how warfare, significant weather events, macroeconomic variables, and shifts in population characteristics affected it.
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Nikienko, I. V. "Polish books of Sabina Jaroszewska personal collection in A. S. Pushkin Tomsk Regional Universal Scientific Library stocks (its formation history, overview and studying prospects)." Bibliosphere, no. 1 (March 30, 2016): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.20913/1815-3186-2016-1-53-57.
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The article deals with book collecting as a way to preserve ethnic and cultural identity. The author examines Sabina Jaroszewska personality as the Polish library creator, her book assemblage history and composition, prospects for detailed studying the Polish collection fragment in A.S. Pushkin Tomsk Regional Universal Scientific Library (TRUSL) stocks are outlined. For the first time catalogues and inventories of the TRUSL Foreign book department are used as well as interviews with Academician Rostislav Karpov, who personally knew the collector.
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Wiernik, Brenton M., Stephan Dilchert, and Deniz S. Ones. "Creative Interests and Personality." Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie A&O 60, no. 2 (April 2016): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1026/0932-4089/a000211.
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Abstract. The present study used intraindividual criterion profile analysis to investigate the relationship between creative artistic and investigative interests and the Big Five personality traits. In 19 samples, we found that artistic and investigative interests showed distinct intraindividual personality profile patterns. Investigative interests were associated with elevated openness to intellect, conscientiousness, and emotional stability and low extraversion and agreeableness, relative to individuals’ other traits. Artistic interests were associated with personal strengths for openness to experiences and personal weaknesses for conscientiousness, assertiveness, and emotional stability. Across creative interests, profile pattern, not absolute trait level, drove the relationship between personality traits and interests. These findings replicated across numerous personality inventories and levels of interest specificity (RIASEC, basic interests, occupation-specific interests). We discuss the implications of these results for the complementary use of personality and interest scales in vocational counseling and personnel selection.
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Persinger, M. A. "Transcendental Meditation™ and General Meditation are Associated with Enhanced Complex Partial Epileptic-Like Signs: Evidence for “Cognitive” Kindling?" Perceptual and Motor Skills 76, no. 1 (February 1993): 80–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1993.76.1.80.
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The Personal Philosophy Inventories of 221 university students who had learned to meditate (about 65% to 70% Transcendental Meditation) were compared to 860 nonmeditators. Meditators displayed a significantly wider range of complex partial epileptic-like signs. Experiences of vibrations, hearing one's name called, paranormal phenomena, profound meaning from reading poetry/prose, and religious phenomenology were particularly frequent among meditators. Numbers of years of TM practice were significantly correlated with the incidence of complex partial signs and sensed presences but not with control, olfactory, or perseverative experiences. The results support the hypothesis that procedures which promote cognitive kindling enhance complex partial epileptic-like signs.
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Parish, Thomas S., and James R. Necessary. "Professors' Interactional Attributes: How Do They Relate to One Another?" Psychological Reports 75, no. 3 (December 1994): 1215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1994.75.3.1215.
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For 86 professors, ratings on the Classroom Behaviors Questionnaire indicated that what professors did to enhance students' success was perceived as important to their students ( r = .85), but these scores were not correlated significantly with their scores on the Revised Love/Hate Checklist (Form 1), the Revised Love/Hate Checklist (Form 2), or the Personal Attribute Inventory for Children; however, scores on the latter three inventories were significantly intercorrelated for male professors. For female professors, only their self-concept scores significantly correlated with how they interacted with others. These findings seem to be consistent with prior research.
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Dunstan, Vivienne. "Book Ownership in Late Eighteenth-Century Scotland: a Local Case Study of Dumfriesshire Inventories." Scottish Historical Review 91, no. 2 (October 2012): 265–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/shr.2012.0102.
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Late eighteenth-century Scotland saw a period of growth in the availability of print material set against the backdrop of the Scottish Enlightenment. Yet despite much scholarly attention having been paid to the Enlightenment and an increasing interest in the books people were reading, little attention has been paid to the books that would have been found in individual Scottish houses and what they reveal about Scottish mindsets in these years. This paper addresses this topic, using a local case study of after-death inventories of personal possessions. These rich records reveal the size of household libraries, the varieties of books they contained, variation by occupation and social class, and the extent to which their owners engaged with and were influenced by debates and ideas of the time. In addition, the evidence allows us to consider the uses to which different types of books were put, examine differences between urban and provincial Scotland, and consider how and where people bought their books.
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Diaz Pascual, Lucia. "THE HERALDRY OF THE DE BOHUN EARLS." Antiquaries Journal 100 (June 25, 2020): 141–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003581520000049.
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This paper analyses the evidence relating to the heraldry used by the patriarchs of the de Bohun family (1066–1373) as preserved in seal impressions, rolls of arms, manuscripts, wills, inventories and personal objects held in private collections. It traces the development of the family’s coat of arms, as well as the adoption and use by the de Bohun earls of various heraldic symbols (such as the swan, the trefoil, the leopard and the wyvern) to serve as a reminder of the family’s glorious ancestry and its many royal and noble marital alliances. By analysing the unique heraldry adopted by each de Bohun earl, this paper concludes that the family’s noble identity evolved over several generations and that the choice of heraldic symbols by each earl was highly individual, providing a unique insight into their sense of identity and personal values, as well as their desire to ensure family memory.
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Němcová, Lucia. "Polonika w Preszowie. Stare druki ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem ich krakowskiej proweniencji." Res Gestae 12 (June 12, 2021): 56–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/24504475.12.4.
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The article examines the Polonica (polish prints) stored at the State Scientific Library of Prešov (hereafter: the SSL of Prešov), an institution founded in 1952. Since its establishment, employees of the former bibliographic department have compiled inventories of literature, personal and thematic bibliographies, and have conducted research on and prints included in the collections of the SSL of Prešov. The research in the field of the history of book culture was carried out in the library collections by researchers from universities, including those from abroad. The author presents an overview of the publications printed to date, focusing on the Polonica in the collections of the SSL of Prešov, especially those of Kraków provenance.
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Blood, Gordon W., Ingrid M. Blood, Stephanie Bennett, Kathleen C. Simpson, and Elizabeth J. Susman. "Subjective Anxiety Measurements and Cortisol Responses in Adults Who Stutter." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 37, no. 4 (August 1994): 760–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3704.760.
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Anxiety, as measured by self-report inventories and salivary cortisol levels, was examined in 11 males who stutter and 11 males who do not stutter during baseline, low stress, and high stress sessions. During the high stress session salivary cortisol was significantly greater in persons who stutter than in persons who do not stutter. No significant differences were found between the two groups on the State-Anxiety Inventory, Trait-Anxiety Inventory, or the Personal Report of Communication Apprehension. Significant differences in anxiety levels among the baseline, low stress, and high stress sessions for both groups of subjects were found for the State-Anxiety Inventory. No other significant differences or relationships were found between the two groups.
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Forness, Steven R. "The Pursuit of Evidence-Based Practice in Special Education for Children with Emotional or Behavioral Disorders." Behavioral Disorders 30, no. 4 (August 2005): 311–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019874290503000406.
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Colleagues in the field of mental health have made considerable progress developing inventories of evidence-based practice; however, the field of special education for children with emotional or behavioral disorders has only recently begun to do so. This paper provides some personal reflections on four major issues for consideration as we pursue evidence-based practice in this field, including: (1) the nature of acceptable evidence; (2) the sustainability of evidence-based practice; (3) the overlap of learning disabilities and emotional or behavioral disorders; and (4) the context of special education in the field of mental health. Such problems are formidable and remain largely unresolved as we enter a new phase of deliberation regarding evidence-based practice.
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Roslan, Nurhanis Syazni, Muhamad Saiful Bahri Yusoff, Asrenee Ab Razak, Karen Morgan, Nor Izzah Ahmad Shauki, Anjanna Kukreja, Norashidah Rahmat, et al. "Training Characteristics, Personal Factors and Coping Strategies Associated with Burnout in Junior Doctors: A Multi-Center Study." Healthcare 9, no. 9 (September 14, 2021): 1208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9091208.
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Physician burnout has been recognized as a public health crisis. However, there is a paucity of burnout studies in the context of medical internship. We assessed the prevalence and relationship between various training characteristics, personal variables, resilience, and coping with burnout in a cross-sectional study involving 837 interns from ten hospitals across Malaysian healthcare system. The instrument package included demographic questions, the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, Brief COPE and the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory. A total of 754 (90.1%) interns completed the inventories. We found a high prevalence of personal-related (73.3%), work-related (69.1%), and patient-related (43.4%) burnout among Malaysian interns. Multivariable analysis showed female gender (odds ratio (OR):1.50; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02–2.20), prior work experience (OR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.05–2.30), and irregular spirituality routines (OR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.30–2.99) were associated with increased odds of personal-related burnout. Irregular spirituality routines (OR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.49–3.37) were associated with work-related burnout, while living with other people (OR: 1.77; 95% CI: 1.15–2.73) was associated with patient-related burnout. Lower resilience levels and avoidant copings were associated with personal-, work-, and patient-related burnout. Burnout prevalence among interns is high. The findings support the value of individual-targeted alongside organizational-targeted intervention in burnout reduction. As burnout is prevalent in both years of internship training, ongoing burnout prevention and wellbeing measures are deemed necessary.
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Sinha, Rajib, Lars E. Olsson, and Björn Frostell. "Sustainable Personal Transport Modes in a Life Cycle Perspective—Public or Private?" Sustainability 11, no. 24 (December 11, 2019): 7092. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11247092.
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Life cycle-based studies endorse public transport to cause lower environmental pressures compared to a private car. However, a private car can cause lower environmental pressure when a public vehicle (bus or train) runs on a lower occupancy during an off-peak hour. This fact should be the basis for a more profound debate regarding public versus private transport. Many transport interventions are striving to reduce the number of car transports. To reach this goal, passengers need attractive alternatives to their reduced number of car travels (i.e., attractive public transport). This study aimed to develop a model allowing us to estimate potential environmental gains by changing travel behavior. A passenger travel model was developed based on life cycle inventories (LCI) of different travel modes to calculate environmental footprints. The model was applied in an intervention of public transport through temporary free public transport. The intervention was successful in significantly reducing the number of car transports (12%). However, total passenger kilometer travelled (PKT) increased substantially more, mainly by bus, but also train, bicycle and walking. The total energy, carbon and nitrogen oxide footprints were slightly increased after the intervention. If the commuters were assumed to travel during peak hours or the number of public transports were not affected by the increased number of commuters, the overall environmental footprints decreased. Our conclusions are that transport interventions are very complex. They may result in desired changes, but also in altered travel behavior, increasing overall impact. Thus, a very broad evaluation of all transport modes as well as potential positive social influences of the transport intervention will be necessary.
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Palermo, Mark T. "Scientism, Ethics and Evil: From Mens Rea to Cerebrum Reus." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 66, no. 9 (June 14, 2022): 1036–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x221104959.
Full textAbstract:
Can criminology thrive on quantitative studies alone? Can evil be operationalized? Quantitative work may have, for the time being, supplanted common sense, personal experience and resulting in an improbable “Periodic Table of humanity”. Has the construction of the psychopathic concept surpassed positivist “constitutional” formulations and translated into effective (re)habilitation of individuals lacking affiliative ethical behaviors? Or has it simply fueled a deterministic neo-Lombrosian truism: moral development has a brain. Has it helped so far? Has letting go of fundamental moral concepts, implicit in organized religion - but pervasive in most cultures irrespective of religious affiliation and devotion - in favor of causal explanations based solely on neuroimaging, personality inventories or structured emotional decoding tasks, made a difference in the life – or in the defense for that matter - of wrongdoers diagnosed as intrinsically evil?
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Carter, Michael. "Cracking the Code: the Warden Abbey Morses, Luxury Metalwork and Patronage at a Cistercian Abbey in the Late Middle Ages." Antiquaries Journal 91 (July 25, 2011): 175–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000358151100014x.
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AbstractThe three copper-gilt and enamel plaques from Warden Abbey are the most important examples of late medieval metalwork from an English Cistercian abbey. They are currently exhibited at the British Museum and dated to the mid-fifteenth century. A reinterpretation of the monograms decorating the plaques allows their patron to be identified as Abbot Walter Clifton (c1377–97). An analysis of the plaques’ style and iconography also suggests a late fourteenth-century date. Clifton's personal devotions and an unusual aspect of the plaques’ iconography can be explained by reference to the spirituality of the Cistercian Order. The plaques’ closest parallel is a roundel decorated with the badge of Richardii. Evidence from inventories and comparison with Continental material suggests that the Warden plaques were, in all probability, morses, used to fasten a cope.
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Pishghadam, Reza, and Samaneh Sahebjam. "Personality and Emotional Intelligence in Teacher Burnout." Spanish journal of psychology 15, no. 1 (March 2012): 227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/rev_sjop.2012.v15.n1.37314.
Full textAbstract:
This paper aims to investigate the relationship between teacher's personality types, emotional intelligence and burnout and to predict the burnout levels of 147 teachers in the city of Mashhad (Iran). To this end, we have used three inventories: Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), and Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-I). We used Homogeneity Analysis and Multiple Linear Regression to analyze the data. The results exhibited a significant relationship between personality types and emotional intelligence and the three dimensions of burnout. It was indicated that the best predictors for emotional exhaustion were neuroticism and extroversion, for depersonalization were intrapersonal scale of emotional intelligence and agreeableness, and for personal accomplishment were interpersonal scale and conscientiousness. Finally, the results were discussed in the context of teacher burnout.
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Doumbia, Madina, N’Datchoh Toure, Siélé Silue, Véronique Yoboue, Arona Diedhiou, and Célestin Hauhouot. "Emissions from the Road Traffic of West African Cities: Assessment of Vehicle Fleet and Fuel Consumption." Energies 11, no. 9 (September 1, 2018): 2300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11092300.
Full textAbstract:
Traffic source emission inventories for the rapidly growing West African urban cities are necessary for better characterization of local vehicle emissions released into the atmosphere of these cities. This study is based on local field measurements in Yopougon (Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire) in 2016; a site representative of anthropogenic activities in West African cities. The measurements provided data on vehicle type and age, traveling time, fuel type, and estimated amount of fuel consumption. The data revealed high traffic flow of personal cars on highways, boulevards, and backstreets, whereas high flows of intra-communal sedan taxis were observed on main and secondary roads. In addition, the highest daily fuel consumption value of 56 L·day−1 was recorded for heavy vehicles, while the lowest value of 15 L·day−1 was recorded for personal cars using gasoline. This study is important for the improvement of uncertainties related to the different databases used to estimate emissions either in national or international reports. This work provides useful information for future studies on urban air quality, climate, and health impact assessments in African cities. It may also be useful for policy makers to support implementation of emission reduction policies in West African cities.
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Nováková, Lenka. "Books in Burgher Households on the Moravian-Silesian Border at the Beginning of the 19th Century." Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae – Historia litterarum 63, no. 3-4 (2019): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amnpsc-2018-0016.
Full textAbstract:
The relation of subjected municipalities of urban type on the Moravian-Silesian border to books and to education in general can be demonstrated on the example of Místek, situated in the Hukvaldy demesne. The craftsmanship–agricultural character of the town along with its position on a trade route near the Moravian-Silesian border was involved in the shaping of the social environment. Valuable sources of information on burgher households are probate inventories. It is possible to determine from them not only whether burghers owned any books at all and how many, but sometimes even what types of books they were. Among others, likewise the information on book owners, their profession and financial situation is undoubtedly interesting. Although personal motives and the attitudes of Místek burghers towards books usually remain hidden from us, it is still possible to reveal a part of everyday life.
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FLOWERS, R. WILLS. "Comments on “Helping Solve the ‘Other’ Taxonomic Impediment: Completing the Eight Steps to Total Enlightenment and Taxonomic Nirvana” by Evenhuis (2007)." Zootaxa 1494, no. 1 (May 31, 2007): 67–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1494.1.3.
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Everyone agrees that describing biodiversity is lagging far behind 1) discovery of new biodiversity, and 2) extinction of biodiversity. In recent years there have been a number of different opinions on what to do about the slow rate of publication of new species descriptions. Some see the impediment as a complex interaction of low funding, and slow adoption of new molecular techniques and informatics (e.g., Wheeler et al., 2004). Evenhuis (2007), on the other hand, in “Helping Solve the ‘Other’ Taxonomic Impediment: Completing the Eight Steps to Total Enlightenment and Taxonomic Nirvana”, sees the major impediment in the work habits of individual taxonomists. Too many taxonomists are collecting, sorting, identifying, but then failing to follow through and publish. Evenhuis cites his personal experience with an insect inventory of the Fiji Islands, and apparently his problem is not unique in biodiversity inventories (Evenhuis, 2007).
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Ryff, Carol D., and Susan M. Heidrich. "Experience and Well-being: Explorations on Domains of Life and How they Matter." International Journal of Behavioral Development 20, no. 2 (February 1997): 193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/016502597385289.
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The guiding question was how past life experiences are linked with adults’ assessments of their present and future well-being. Typical events and transitions (normative experiences) were contrasted with atypical stresses (non-normative experiences). A sample of 308 men and women, divided between young, midlife, and older adults, completed past life event inventories and rated themselves on multiple dimensions of well-being (concurrently and prospectively). Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that normative events were significant predictors of multiple aspects of present and future wellness, but there were marked age differences in which domains were key influences: For young adults, life activities were primary; for midlife adults, greatest variance was explained by the family and friends domain; in late life, prior work and educational experiences were strongest predictors of well-being. Non-normative events were significant positive predictors of only personal growth in young adults.
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Orlick, Terry. "Reflections on SportPsych Consulting with Individual and Team Sport Athletes at Summer and Winter Olympic Games." Sport Psychologist 3, no. 4 (December 1989): 358–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.3.4.358.
Full textAbstract:
This article shares personal perspectives and experiences that emerged as a result of 15 years of consulting with athletes representing numerous sports at both Summer and Winter Olympic Games. The importance of listening closely to athletes, respecting their input, and meeting their individual needs is emphasized. Consultants are cautioned against using batteries of standardized personality assessment inventories as these infringe upon the athletes’ time without providing practical information. Effectiveness in this field requires firsthand experience with sport, a full understanding of the psychology of excellence, and a willingness to learn directly from the athletes themselves. One-on-one contact, adaptability to individual needs, good interpersonal skills, applied sportpsych knowledge, and persistence in application are also important. It is recommended that registration of consultants in the field of applied sport psychology be contingent upon direct evaluation by athletes.
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Mo, Ziwei, Ru Cui, Bin Yuan, Huihua Cai, Brian C. McDonald, Meng Li, Junyu Zheng, and Min Shao. "A mass-balance-based emission inventory of non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) for solvent use in China." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 17 (September 14, 2021): 13655–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13655-2021.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) are important precursors of ozone (O3) and secondary organic aerosol (SOA), which play key roles in tropospheric chemistry. A huge amount of NMVOC emissions from solvent use are complicated by a wide spectrum of sources and species. This work presents a long-term NMVOC emission inventory of solvent use during 2000–2017 in China. Based on a mass (material) balance method, NMVOC emissions were estimated for six categories, including coatings, adhesives, inks, pesticides, cleaners, and personal care products. The results show that NMVOC emissions from solvent use in China increased rapidly from 2000 to 2014 then kept stable after 2014. The total emission increased from 1.6 Tg (1.2–2.2 Tg at 95 % confidence interval) in 2000 to 10.6 Tg (7.7–14.9 Tg) in 2017. The substantial growth is driven by the large demand for solvent products in both industrial and residential activities. However, increasing treatment facilities in the solvent-related factories in China restrained the continued growth of solvent NMVOC emissions in recent years. Rapidly developing and heavily industrialized provinces such as Jiangsu, Shandong, and Guangdong contributed significantly to the solvent use emissions. Oxygenated VOCs, alkanes, and aromatics were the main components, accounting for 42 %, 28 %, and 21 % of total NMVOC emissions in 2017, respectively. Our results and previous inventories are generally comparable within the estimation uncertainties (−27 %–52 %). However, there exist significant differences in the estimates of sub-categories. Personal care products were a significant and quickly rising source of NMVOCs, which were probably underestimated in previous inventories. Emissions from solvent use were growing faster compared with transportation and combustion emissions, which were relatively better controlled in China. Environmentally friendly products can reduce the NMVOC emissions from solvent use. Supposing all solvent-based products were substituted with water-based products, it would result in 37 %, 41 %, and 38 % reduction of emissions, ozone formation potential (OFP), and secondary organic aerosol formation potential (SOAP), respectively. These results indicate there is still large potential for NMVOC reduction by reducing the utilization of solvent-based products and implementation of end-of-pipe controls across industrial sectors.
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Nguyen, Phuong Minh Binh, and Giang Nu To Truong. "Employee Theft Behavior." International Journal of Asian Business and Information Management 12, no. 3 (July 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijabim.294098.
Full textAbstract:
Employee theft has becoming a serious and challenging issue for all businesses, especially to hotel organizations where employees have easy access to cash, amenities, and other inventories and items. This research is based on the theory of planned behavior, equity theory, and reinforcement theory to study the factors affecting employee theft behavior as well as the moderating effect of the internal control system in the hotel industry in Vietnam. Data were collected through 312 questionnaire responses and 9 in-depth interviews. The results confirmed that personal characteristics, opportunities, unfair compensations, injustice, and unethical working environment do affect stealing behavior at work. Moreover, the internal control system is proved to moderate the attitude and intention to steal to stealing behavior relationships. These results will provide an essential reference for both academicians and professionals to conduct further empirical validation or develop appropriate internal programs to prevent hotel employee theft behaviors.
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Dunn, John G. H., Janice Causgrove Dunn, and Daniel G. Syrotuik. "Relationship between Multidimensional Perfectionism and Goal Orientations in Sport." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 24, no. 4 (December 2002): 376–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.24.4.376.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined the relationship between perfectionism and goal orientations among male Canadian Football players (M age = 18.24 years). Athletes (N = 174) completed inventories to assess perfectionist orientations and goal orientations in sport. Perfectionism was conceptualized as a multidimensional construct and was measured with a newly constructed sport-specific version of the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS; Frost, Marten, Lahart, & Rosenblate, 1990). Exploratory factor analysis of the modified MPS revealed four sport-related perfectionism dimensions: perceived parental pressure, personal standards, concern over mistakes, and perceived coach pressure. Canonical correlation analysis obtained two significant canonical functions (RC1 = .36; RC2 = .30). The first one revealed that task orientation was positively correlated with an adaptive profile of perfectionism. The second one revealed that ego orientation was positively associated with a maladaptive profile of perfectionism. Results are discussed in the context of Hamachek’s (1978) conceptualization of adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism.
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Parker, Renée M., Michael J. Lambert, and Gary M. Burlingame. "Psychological Features of Female Runners Presenting with Pathological Weight Control Behaviors." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 16, no. 2 (June 1994): 119–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.16.2.119.
Full textAbstract:
The present study was conducted to determine if female distance runners who report engaging in pathological food behaviors display the psychological characteristics of clinically diagnosed female eating-disordered patients. Comparisons were made among 29 eating-disturbed college runners, 31 normal college runners, 19 clinically diagnosed eating-disordered patients, and 34 nonathletic, non-eating-disordered college students. Measures included a 3-day diet journal, questionnaires collecting both personal information and information on eating behaviors and sports participation, the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI), the Setting Conditions for Anorexia Nervosa Scale (SCANS), and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). Without reaching eating-disordered clinical levels, the eating-disturbed runners appeared on psychological inventories as being more concerned with food and dieting than were the comparison runners and non-eating-disordered nonathletes. Only the eating-disordered group presented with significant levels of psychopathology. Implications for the athletic community are discussed.
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Wolff, H. Ekkehard. "Contact-induced disturbances in personal pronoun systems in the Chadic – Benue-Congo convergence zone in Central Nigeria." Afrika und Übersee 93 (December 31, 2020): 158–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15460/auue.2020.93.1.205.
Full textAbstract:
The paper looks at personal pronoun systems in languages of the convergence zone on both sides of the borderline between Benue-Congo and Chadic. Focus is on inventories and systems, meaning the overall interrelationship of pronoun shapes across the categories of person, number, grammatical gender and noun class (3rd person concord). The issues to be explored are (i) whether the personal pronoun systems as such provide any further indication towards the Sprachbund idea implied in Wolff & Gerhardt (1977), and (ii) whether one can identify some unusual features of or patterns within the systems, which are shared by languages on both sides of the line separating Benue-Congo and Chadic, and which are of such nature as to strengthen the hypothesis of a cross-genetic convergence zone. The answers provided are affirmative: In addition to cross-genetic borrowing of pronoun shapes, which is generally considered rare and/or at least remarkable, pronoun systems as such and across the convergence zone show at least two rather quirky disturbances of the expected pattern that can hardly be explained but by rather surprising instances of cross-language interference. These two kinds of disturbance within systems will be discussed under the headings of “category shifting” and “circumfix conjugational pattern” emergence.Given the present state of knowledge, the paper can only point out promising lines of detailed historical research: Any attempt to provide final answers would be premature at this stage.
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Ziober, Aleksandra. "Sapiehas estate document from the end of the 17th century as a source of the family’s economic and political history." Open Political Science 1, no. 1 (December 31, 2018): 164–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/openps-2018-0014.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Property documents and more precisely, the inventories of earthly goods can be very helpful in explaining complicated political affairs. Also the nobles’ names, which are mentioned in registers, may show us the influence and the composition of the nobility, from which the lider’s property were leased. Residents of manors, which belonged to the Sapieha Family, actually were forced to gain some contact and be dependent on the Family, even if it was a part of economic relations, which could easily be transformed into a personal one. However, the manor reliances undoubtedly opened up opportunities for both sides, which juxtaposed the benefits and losses with possible closer cooperation. Despite property ties, by analyzing the mentioned document we can find out (among other knowledge) the information about subordination and independence. Moreover it is possible to take the notice of the moodiness of the political scene or of the global political tendencies of residents what was the scope of interests for researcher of economists and goods.
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Walder, Andrew G. "Factory and Manager in an Era of Reform." China Quarterly 118 (June 1989): 242–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030574100001780x.
Full textAbstract:
Just over three decades ago Joseph Berliner, in his book Factory and Manager in the USSR, explored the world of the socialist manager. Drawing on interviews with Soviet emigres, he illuminated a world of informal management behaviour hidden beneath the seemingly formidable confines of a highly centralized system. The Soviet manager of the 1930s and 1940s employed a number of deceptive strategies made rational by a taut system of output planning and by chronic supply shortages: hoarding of plant capacity, labour and inventories; “storming” at the end of plan periods, in order to meet quotas; neglect of customer needs in favour of products easy to produce; and an overriding concern with the procurement process, relying heavily on procuring agents (tolkachi) who employed personal connections (blat) at other plants in order to secure inputs. Despite extensive social and economic change in the Soviet Union since that time, this pattern of managerial behaviour has survived, albeit in slightly altered form, into the 1980s.
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Wankel, Leonard M., and Philip S. J. Kreisel. "Methodological Considerations in Youth Sport Motivation Research: A Comparison of Open-Ended and Paired Comparison Approaches." Journal of Sport Psychology 7, no. 1 (March 1985): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsp.7.1.65.
Full textAbstract:
A review of open-ended and structured approaches to assessing youth sport motivation reveals that each has certain strengths and limitations. Hence, the method of choice for a particular study will depend upon the particular problem addressed. In order to examine the comparability of results obtained from different methodologies, a study was conducted to compare the results pertaining to factors underlying sport enjoyment obtained from open-ended and Thurstonian paired comparison inventories. Although a number of similarities appeared in the results across the two methodologies (e.g., personal accomplishment, excitement of the sport, and just doing the skills were important, while getting rewards and pleasing others were relatively unimportant), there were also some differences reflecting the particular methodologies. A consideration of previous research employing a broader variety of methodological approaches (open-ended, ranking, Likert scaling, Thurstone paired comparisons) further indicates that although the particular methodology utilized does affect the results obtained, certain important motivational factors tend to surface regardless of the methodology employed.
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Wilson, Virginia. "Boys are Reading, but their Choices are not Valued by Teachers and Librarians." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 4, no. 3 (September 21, 2009): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b8h91w.
Full textAbstract:
A Review of:
McKechnie, Lynne (E.F.). “ ‘Spiderman is not for Babies’ (Peter, 4 Years): The ‘Boys and Reading Problem’ from the Perspective of the Boys Themselves.” The Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science 30.1/2 (2006): 57-67.
Objective – This study looks at what constitutes legitimate reading material for boys and how this material is defined in light of assessed gender differences in reading, and is part of a larger, ongoing research project on the role of public libraries in the development of youth as readers.
Design – Semi-structured, qualitative interviews and book inventories.
Setting – The research originated from the MLIS 566 (Literature for Children and Young Adults) class at the Faculty of Information and Media Studies, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
Subjects – Forty-three boys, ages four through twelve, were interviewed. Most of the boys lived in Ontario, although a few came from other Canadian provinces.
Methods – Library school students who were registered in a Literature for Children and Young Adults class interviewed children and young adults about their reading and information practice as part of a “Book Ownership Case Study” assignment. The researcher also interviewed children and young adults, for a total of 137 case studies. For the purpose of this article, a data subset for the 43 boys included in the larger project was analyzed. The boys ranged in age from four to twelve years. The mean age was eight and the median age was nine. The theoretical perspective of reader response theory was used to situate the study. This theory has the relationship between the text and the reader as its focus, and it suggests that to understand the reading habits of boys, there needs to be recognition that the experts about their reading are the boys themselves. The interviews, which explored reading preferences and practices, were qualitative, semi-structured, and took thirty minutes to complete. In addition to the interview, each boy’s personal book and information material collection was inventoried. The researcher used a grounded theory approach to analyze the inventory and interview data to pull out themes related to the research questions. Grounded theory “uses a prescribed set of procedures for analyzing data and constructing a theoretical model” from the data (Leedy and Ormrod 154).
Main Results – The collection inventories revealed that all 43 study participants had personal collections of reading materials. The collections ranged from eight volumes to 398 volumes. There was a mean volume total of 108 and a median of 98 books per boy. In addition to books, other materials were in the collections. Video recordings were owned by 36 (83.7%) of the boys, 28 (65.1%) of participants had computer software, 28 (65.1%) owned audio recordings, and 21 (48.8%) of the collections also included magazines.
In the interview data analysis, a number of themes were revealed. All of the boys except one owned fiction. Some genres appeared frequently and were different than the ones found in the inventories taken of the girls in the larger study. Genres in the boys’ collections included fantasy, science fiction, sports stories, and humorous stories. The boys also discussed genres they did not enjoy: classic children’s fiction, such as The Adventures of Robin Hood, love stories, and “books about groups of girls” (61). All but five boys had series books such as Animorphs, Captain Underpants, Redwall, and Magic Treehouse in their collections.
All study participants except for one owned non-fiction titles. When asked what their favourite book was, many of the boys chose a non-fiction title. Holdings included subjects such as “jokes, magic, sports, survival guides, crafts, science, dictionaries, maps, nature, and dinosaurs” (62).
In addition to books, the boys reported owning and reading a wide range of other materials. Comics, manga, magazines, pop-up and other toy books, sticker books, colouring books, puzzle books, and catalogues were among the collection inventories. Only one boy read the newspaper.
Another theme that emerged from the interview data was “gaming as story” (63). The boys who read video game manuals reported reading to learn about the game, and also reading to experience the game’s story. One boy’s enjoyment of the manual and the game came from the narrative found within.
Various reading practices were explored in the interviews. Formats that featured non-linear reading were popular. Illustrations were important. Pragmatic reading, done to support other activities (e.g., Pokeman), was “both useful and pleasurable” (54).
And finally, the issue of what counts as reading emerged from the data. Many boys discounted the reading that “they liked the best as not really being reading” (65). Some of the boys felt that reading novels constituted reading but that the reading of computer manuals or items such as science fair project books was “not really reading” (65). A distinction was made between real books and information books by the boys.
Conclusions – The researcher explored what has been labelled as the “problem” of boys reading in this paper. She found that the 43 boys in this study are reading, but what they are reading has been undervalued by society and by the boys themselves. Collection inventories found a large number of non-fiction books, computer magazines, comic books, graphic novels, and role-playing game manuals—items not necessarily privileged by libraries, schools, or even by the boys themselves. The researcher suggests that “part of the ‘boys and reading problem’ then lies in what we count as reading” (66). By keeping what boys are actually reading in mind when it comes to collection development and library programming, children’s librarians can “play a central role in legitimizing the reading practices of boys” (66).
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Chalikkandy, Sandeepa, Raghad Sulaiman Abdulkhalig Alhifzi, Malak Ali Yahya Asiri, Raghad Saeed A. Alshahrani, Wejdan Nasser Ali Saeed, and Sara Ghorman Alamri. "Burnout and Its Relation to Emotion Dysregulation and Social Cognition among Female Interns and Undergraduate Dental Students at King Khalid University." Applied Sciences 12, no. 3 (February 2, 2022): 1588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12031588.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Burnout is a state of vital exhaustion that has a high global prevalence among dental professionals. Yet the early diagnosis of this syndrome is challenging due to its multidimensional nature. Aim: To assess burnout and its relation to emotional dysregulation and social cognition among undergraduate dental students. Methods: We mailed 148 self-administered questionnaires to all interns and undergraduate dental students belonging to the College of Dentistry’s female campus at King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia. A questionnaire was designed comprising three measuring instruments of psychological inventories to assess work-related stress, namely, burnout (Copenhagen burnout inventory questionnaire (CBI)), emotional dysregulation (emotion regulation questionnaire (ERQ)), and social cognition (interpersonal reactivity index (IRI)). We examined the difference in burnout between two cohorts (interns and undergraduates) using Student’s ‘t’ test and the association between emotional regulation/social cognition domains using Pearson’s correlation. Results: Among the participants, around 70% obtained higher scores than the cut-off points for personal and work-related domains in both groups. There was no statistically significant difference in burnout domain between the two cohorts (p > 0.05; Cohen d < 0.3). A negative correlation existed between burnout and emotion regulation, i.e., higher burnout score is associated with lesser cognitive reappraisal and more expressive suppression (CBI—personal burnout r = −0.251; r = −0.220 respectively). Social cognitive scores had various associations among interns and undergraduates, with personal distress being significantly associated with greater burnout levels among both groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The present study revealed significantly elevated burnout levels among both interns and undergraduate students. Emotional dysfunction and social cognition assessment can be a valuable adjunct in identifying this erosive syndrome. Early recognition and primordial prevention targeting burnout are strongly recommended.