Relevant bibliographies by topics / Persian

Academic literature on the topic 'Persian'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Persian"

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Kennedy, Rebecca Futo. "A Tale of Two Kings: Competing Aspects of Power in Aeschylus' Persians." Ramus 42, no. 1-2 (2013): 64–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0048671x00000072.

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The frequent assumption that they [the Persians] were as greatly concerned on these levels [historically, culturally, strategically] with Greece [as they were with the east] is a misconception which stems from our own western view of the world and from the unfortunate fact that Greece has given us our main literary sources of information on the Achaemenids. It was the Greeks who were fascinated by Persia, by Persian mores, and, yes, by Persian court art and luxury goods—not the reverse. If only the Persians had spawned the likes of Aeschylus and Herodotus, our perceptions of their preoccupations would be quite different.Athenians were indeed fascinated by Persia as their art and literature attest. The fascination was both cultural and political, but not without tensions. Part of that fascination manifested itself in the allure of Persian kings and what they represented. The kings ruled over a vast empire, larger than any the Mediterranean world had yet seen. They sought in their iconography and building programmes to exert a particular identity for themselves and the Achaemenid dynasty. Although the Athenians were not imperialists of the type we see in Persia, Rome or the figure of Alexander, they did build for themselves a small, Hellenic empire (archē) and they adopted a number of Persian mechanisms of power and some aspects of Achaemenid iconography for representing their power. Aeschylus' Persians, produced in 472 BCE, helps us understand the Athenians' developing archē, specifically how the representations of the two Persian Kings in the play helped the Athenians differentiate and define their power vis-à-vis the Great Persian Menace and, more importantly, the rest of the Greeks. By understanding better the engagement by the Athenians with Persian culture, we can better understand how the Athenians conceptualised their own power and position in the Aegean in the early 5th century BCE.
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Gorshkov, Andrey. "Persian theme in Plutarch’s works based on the episode from the treatise “On Isis and Osiris”." Litera, no. 8 (August 2021): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2021.8.36326.

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The object of this research is the cultural ties between Greeks and Persians, while the subject is the image of Persia and Persian in Plutarch's treatise “On Isis and Osiris”. The author carefully examines such aspects of the topic as the problem of barbarism, Zoroastrianism as the foundation of Persian worldview, Persians from the perspective of Plutarch, description of Persian religious rites and traditions. Special attention is turned to the problems of borrowing Persian words into the Ancient Greek language (Avestan lexemes are being modified in the Ancient Persian language, and then adapted in the Ancient Greek language). It is noted that Greek language has been influenced by the barbarian languages due to deepening ties of the Greeks with other peoples. The conclusion is made that Plutarch was sincerely fascinated with Persians and certain aspects of their worldview; he compares the sayings of the Greek philosophers and poets with Persian ontology — contrary to the stereotypical perception of the Persians as barbarians, standing below the Greeks in their development. The author’s special contribution consists in juxtaposition of the Zoroastrian doctrinal provisions with the rites and practices of the Persians described by Plutarch. The novelty of this research consists in the advanced hypothesis that explains the rich spirit in the lexeme Ὡρομάζης. The relevance this work lies in examination of interaction between the Greek and Persian worlds, which has not received due attention in the Russian philological science.
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Paraskiewicz, Kinga. "O perskim oku i o tym, co naprawdę jest perskie w polskich konstrukcjach frazeologicznych." Język Polski 101, no. 1 (May 2021): 58–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31286/jp.101.1.5.

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The subject of the article are certain idiomatic expressions constructed with the adjective perski (‘Persian’) in Polish: perskie oko (‘Persian eye’), perski dywan (‘Persian carpet’), perski proszek (‘Persian powder’) etc. Moreover, the author attempts to answer the question: What do we have that is really Persian in Polish? Are these phrases really related to Persia or Persians, or are they just a word game (homophones)? So far the origin of the most popular one, i.e. perskie oko (‘Persian eye’) has not been established even though a lively discussion on this subject was held on the pages of the Język Polski 90 years ago. It was started by Stanisław Szober who in his book Życie wyrazów, explained the origin of the phrase perskie oko for the first time, indicating that it is a semantic borrowing from French, and its basis is l’œil perçant ‘piercing eye’. In response, Józef Birkenmajer claimed this popular phrase comes from Krakow, relating it – quite incredibly – to a Persian man on the label of the popular Zacherlin insecticide powder called perski proszek (‘Persian powder’). It turns out that the source of this expression was a French anecdote by Alphonse Karr from the late nineteenth century based precisely on the word game.
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Dahmardeh, Mahdi, and Amir Nemati Limaee. "Foreign Languages: A Gate from the Past to the Present." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 63 (November 2015): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.63.48.

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Persia has got an ancient, very rich history and civilisation. This has resulted into widespread relations between Persians and other nations along history. As a result, besides the Persian language which has been used to communicate by different people settled in this territory, befitting a time and era, a variety of foreign languages have become popular. By the means of historical research, this article aims to discuss foreign languages in Persia and their changes in different eras, from the past to the present. Having considered historical documents and existing knowledge, it has been realised that the number of languages that used to be spoken during the Persian history as well as their diversity is very impressive.
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Dmitriev, Vladimir. "John Chrysostom on the Roman-Persian Wars." Metamorphoses of history, no. 27 (2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.37490/s230861810024061-7.

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The writings of St. John Chrysostom include numerous information about Persia and the Persians. Some of them relate to military history and reflect the military and military-political realities of Roman-Persian relations in the John Chrysostom’s period. The main part of the information reported by John Chrysostom about the Roman-Persian wars is connected with the Persian expedition of the emperor Julian the Apostate in 363 AD. The Saint explains the unsuccessful outcome of the campaign of 363 for the Romans by the fact that Julian organized anti-Christian persecutions. So, the death of Julian during the campaign is interpreted by John Chrysostom as a Divine punishment. The saint leaves the question of the death of the emperor open, not leaning towards any of the versions that circulated at that time. The description by John Chrysostom of the invasion of the Roman army into Persia in many details coincides with the information of our main source - the “Res Gestae” by Ammianus Marcellinus, who was not only a contemporary of the saint, but also the participant of the events of 363 AD. This indicates a high degree of reliability of the information reported by John Chrysostom. At the same time, the saint demonstrates an ambivalent attitude towards the Persians, considering them, on the one hand, barbarians and opponents of Rome, and, on the other hand, a people demonstrating high moral qualities (in particular, humanity towards the Romans). In addition, John Chrysostom reports some information about the activities of the Persian military intelligence.
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Zhang, Zhiqian. "To What Extent Did the Rule of Cambyses II and Darius I Influence Egyptian Society?" Communications in Humanities Research 4, no. 1 (May 17, 2023): 348–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/4/20220559.

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From 525-332 BC, Egypt was conquered and ruled by the Persian empire. Throughout this period, the first two emperors: Cambyses II and Darius I both played an important role in establishing Persian rule over Egypt. As a traditional society, the collision between the Egyptian ideology and the presence of the Persian empire influenced the administrative, cultural-political, and social structure of Egypt. This paper aims to discuss the influence of Cambyses II and Darius I on Egyptian society. As a result, these two Persian rulers mostly influenced the upper group of Egyptian society in order to integrate Egypt into Persia while exerting very few changes to the basic social order of Egypt. The disruption of Egyptian tradition includes establishing the province administration, cultural-political influence through introducing Persian-Egyptian imagery and corporation with the local elites. Although the presence of Persians caused changes in the legal and infrastructural system as well as some secondary effects on the Egyptian ethnicity belief, the Egyptian society mostly remained untouched and able to assimilate just some of the influences.
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Kulakov, Vladimir. "Russian-Persian Schools as an Element of Imperial Russia’s Soft Power Policy in Northern Persia: Late Nineteenth – Early Twentieth Centuries." Oriental Studies 17, no. 1 (May 15, 2024): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2024-71-1-8-17.

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Introduction. The late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries witnessed an intensified Russia–UK confrontation in Persia, which was paralleled by penetrations of other great powers (France, Germany, USA) into the Near and Middle East. Under those conditions, Russia’s traditional economic methods of influence in Persia became insufficient. Goals. The study seeks to examine the phenomenon of Russian educational institutions in Northern Persia as another way of pursuing own national political goals in the designated country. The work aims at confirming — with evidence from archival documents — the activities of Russian-Persian schools during the specified period were to shape a positive image of Russia in Persian society. Materials and methods. The most important sources characterizing the process of opening Russian-Persian schools in Northern Persia (their goals and objectives, training agenda, certain results) are documents of both central authorities and diplomatic, economic and military institutions of the Russian Empire to Persia discovered at the Russian State Historical Archive. Analytical and generalization methods — with comparative into historiographic and archival materials — have proved most instrumental therein. Results. The article identifies some prerequisites for the emergence of Russian-Persian schools in Northern Persia, determines the validity of their activities in this particular region of the country, clearly outlines the context of Russia’s competition with other governments in this matter to conclude as follows: the Russian government was perfectly aware of the need to open such schools that would disseminate the Russian language and Russia-related ideas among Persia’s population; graduates of those educational institutions would serve an important element in pursuing Russia’s interests both in trade, economy, and politics; despite various difficulties — primarily financial ones — the schools were popular enough among ethnic Persians both in Tehran and in other cities of Northern Persia.
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Herman, Geoffrey. "Ahasuerus, the former Stable-Master of Belshazzar, and the Wicked Alexander of Macedon: Two Parallels between the Babylonian Talmud and Persian Sources." AJS Review 29, no. 2 (November 2005): 283–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0364009405000140.

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Throughout the Talmudic era, the Jewish community of Babylonia lived under Persian rule while Zoroastrianism, serving as a state religion, was enjoying something of a renaissance. In Babylonia, known in the later geographical literature as the Persian heartland, Jews lived alongside Persians. Babylonian Jews had also already experienced Persian rule for centuries prior to the Talmudic era under the Achaemenids, and later under the persianized Arsacid dynasty. This alone should have sufficed to lure a number of scholars into exploring various cross-cultural contacts between the two neighboring religious communities during this period. Until recently, however, scholarship has not been greatly drawn to this field, despite an exhaustive focus, of venerable antiquity, on the relationship between Israel and Persia in the biblical and Second Temple periods, including the Qumran library.
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Koparal, Elif. "Janett Morgan. Greek perspectives on the Achaemenid Empire: Persia through the looking glass." Journal of Greek Archaeology 1 (January 1, 2016): 446–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32028/jga.v1i.667.

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Janette Morgan’s ‘Greek Perspectives on the Achaemenid Empire: Persia through the Looking Glass’ is the last book published as part of the series of Edinburgh Studies in Ancient Persia. Almost twenty years after Margaret C. Miller’s ‘Athenians and Persians in the Fifth century BC: A Study in Cultural Receptivity’ was published, one is still in awe of the way that Miller contributed to the debate on cultural receptivity within the context of Greek and Persian engagement.
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Fallahi, Esmaeil, Pontia Fallahi, and Shahla Mahdavi. "Ancient Urban Gardens of Persia: Concept, History, and Influence on Other World Gardens." HortTechnology 30, no. 1 (February 2020): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04415-19.

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The history of Persian gardens goes back to a few millennia before the emergence of Islam in Iran (Persia). Designs of Persian gardens have influenced and are used extensively in the gardens of Al-Andalus in Spain, Humayun’s Tomb and the Taj Mahal in India, and many gardens in the United States and other countries around the globe. Bagh in the Persian language (Farsi) means garden and the word Baghdad (the capital city of Iraq) is rooted from the words bagh and daad (meaning “the garden of justice”). Pasargadae, the ancient Persian capital city, is the earliest example of Persian garden design known in human civilization as chahar bagh or 4-fold garden design. Bagh-e-Eram, or Garden of Eden or Eram Garden, is one the most attractive Persian gardens and is located in Shiraz, Iran. There are numerous other urban ancient gardens in Iran, including Bagh-e-Shahzadeh (Shazdeh), meaning “The Prince’s Garden” in Mahan, Golestan National Park near the Caspian Sea; Bagh-e-Fin in Kashan; Bagh-e-El-Goli in Tabriz; and Bagh-e-Golshan in Tabas. The design of each Persian garden is influenced by climate, art, beliefs, poetry, literature, and romance of the country and the region where the garden is located. In addition, each garden may have a gene bank of fruits, flowers, herbs, and vegetables. Although countless gardens were destroyed in the hands of invaders throughout the centuries, Persians have attempted either to rebuild or build new gardens generation after generation, each of which has become a favorite destination to tourists from around the world.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Persian"

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Сейедег, Анагіта Мір Джалалі. "Persian architecture." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2019. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/12969.

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Hashemi, Mahkam. "Persian Cultural Center." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/83812.

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Culture is a foundation of each community and it creates society identity. Maybe you are searching among the branches for what only appear in the roots? -Rumi In my thesis, by designing a Persian Cultural Center in Washington D.C. on the site of the former embassy of Iran, I want to produce and define a place that introduces architecturally the theme of Persian culture and education which has continuously developed over the past many centuries. It will express the value of architecture in defining the context of theoretical foundations and ideology of the Persians. There is nothing more timely today than that truth, which is timeless, than the message that comes from tradition and is relevant now because it has been relevant at all times. Such as message belong to a now which has been, is and will ever be present .To speak of tradition is to speak of immutable principles of heavenly origin and of their application to different moments of time and space. It is also to speak of the continuity of certain doctrines and of the sacred forms, which are the means whereby, these doctrines are conveyed to men and whereby the teachings of the tradition are actualized within men. -The sense of unity
Master of Architecture
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Rashti, Sogol. "Persian in practice." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2003.

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Since the beginning of humankind, architecture has been a sacred source for all civilizations, and that has provided a gateway for man to reach the heavens above. In terms of concept and value, Persian art and architecture is considered as a rich source to be acknowledged. Within Persian architecture, the emphasis was placed strongly on beauty and sacred geometry; Persians calculated the proportions of heaven reflected upon them in the dimensions of buildings on the earth. Iranian culture has utilized the written word as an art form; this goes beyond normal means of communication. Iranian calligraphers produced eloquent styles and patterns through their divine talent, and this was displayed in the architecture. Parviz Tanavoli, as the greatest contemporary artist of Iran, has a strong tendency to be attracted to words and letters which has a long history in Iranian culture. Experimenting through aspects of cultural interaction in fine and applied arts has led to the understanding that when aesthetic elements of cultures are used to create a new design, it leads to both a new aesthetic creation and a fresh understanding of the cultures involved. This collection was designed and manufactured by concentrating on organic and curved forms and utilizing them in the design practice, while having a touch on cultural elements such as patterns and alphabets. The curved abstract shapes create a conceptual harmony, depicted in Persian patterns via functional three dimensional pieces.
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Mason, Kirsty. "Puppets of the Barbarian : how Persia controlled Greek relations with the Persian Empire." Thesis, University of Kent, 2016. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/56642/.

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The study of Graeco-Persian relations is not new to academia, however, as much of our information is found within Greek literary texts, we are largely at the mercy of Greek bias concerning these relations. This thesis will present a detailed re-examination of the relevant sources to gain further understanding of Graeco-Persian relations, with a view to looking beyond Greek literary bias. This thesis proposes that the influence of the Persian Empire upon the Greeks was greater than is initially implied by our sources and I argue that in the majority of the contacts between Greek and Persian, Persia took control. The notable exception to this is the highly debated Peace of Callias, which forced Persia to offer concessions to the Greeks, but it should be noted that we have no record of possible Greek concessions to Persia, and so we must treat this topic with caution. This thesis expands our knowledge of Graeco-Persian relations by taking a view of the entire period of these relations, from initial contacts until the accession of Alexander the Great, allowing us to view more general trends throughout this period, rather than viewing shorter phases within the whole period.
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Raghibdoust, Shahla. "Interrogative constructions in Persian." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6547.

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This thesis treats the various constructions of interrogativity in colloquial modern Persian, within the Government and Binding framework. Chapter 2 presents the basic properties and the various methods of forming yes-no questions. I argue that changes in word-order may not be considered as a strategy to indicate an interrogativity, and that consequently, the movement of the verb from its position in I to C in Persian, unlike languages such as English, is disallowed. I also propose the possibility of assigning a mood phrase (MP) position to the yes-no particles. Chapter 3 gives a detailed survey of the movement processes of Wh-words which, prima facie, appear to be a syntactic movement. However, exploring the more complicated data, we subsequently arrive at the conclusion that this movement, by and large, patterns with an optional topicalization process, and has nothing to do with the syntactic movement to SPEC CP. I propose that the availability of question particles in a number of languages, including Persian, correlates with the lack of syntactic Wh-movement. Persian extraction patterns are argued to resemble those of Nordic languages in which no structural constraint is imposed. Subjacency, therefore, is unable to explain the extraction phenomenon in this language. To give a reasonable account of the extraction rules in Persian Dominance, in turn, is proposed as a convincing condition. Chapter 4 concentrates on the fact that multiple Wh-fronting in Persian is radically different from extensively-studied languages, such as Bulgarian and Romanian, even though these languages manifest resemblance with respect to a number of properties. Furthermore, it is shown that in multiple Wh-fronting languages, the Wh-phrases are morphologically complex, and need to satisfy a licensing requirement independent of clausal typing. This morphological characteristic is absent, however, in Persian. Analysis of the preceding factors leads me to propose that multiple Wh-fronting in Persian also results from adjunction of Wh-phrases to IP, in other words, topicalization.
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Keeler, Annabel. "Persian Sufism and Exegesis:." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504091.

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Dehdari, Jonathan M. "Crossing Dependencies in Persian." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1441.pdf.

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Modarresi, Fereshteh. "Bare nouns in Persian." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät II, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17366.

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Diese Dissertation untersucht das variable Verhalten von sogenannten „bare nouns“ (Nominale ohne Artikel) im Persischen. Dieses Verhalten kann jedoch nicht verstanden werden ohne eine Reihe von entscheidenden Eigenschaften der persischen Satzstruktur zu betrachten. Dazu gehören Informationsstruktur, Prosodie und Wortstellung, sowie die semantischen und syntaktischen Funktionen verschiedener morphologischer Markierungen im Persischen. Die vorliegende Dissertation kann daher zum besseren Verständnis von satzinterner Syntax, Semantik und Prosodie des Persischen beitragen. Ich beginne meine Untersuchung mit dem Vergleich der BNs in verschiedenen Positionen mit Nominalen, die mit verschiedenen Morphemen gekennzeichnet sind. Die quasi-inkorporierten Nominale im Persischen scheinen zur Klasse der diskursintransparenten inkorporierenden Sprachen zu gehören. Doch dies scheint nicht immer zu stimmen, unter bestimmten Umständen zeigen persische BNs Diskurstransparenz. In Kapitel 3 untersuche ich daher, unter welchen Umständen BNs Diskurstransparenz zeigen und warum. In Kapitel 3 präsentiere ich einen Alternativvorschlag zu Farkas & de Swart, in dem ich darlege, dass ein BN tatsächlich einen neuen Diskursreferenten einführt. Aber der Numerus von BNs ist neutral (numerusneutralen Diskursreferenten).In der zweiten Hälfte der Dissertation wird die Interpretation von BNs in verschiedenen Positionen und mit unterschiedlichen grammatischen Funktionen diskutiert. Kapitel 4 konzentriert sich auf BNs in Objektposition. Wir stellen einen direkten Vergleich an zwischen BNs als tatsächliche BNs, d.h. Nominale, die nicht mit einem Morphem markiert sind, und Kontexten, in denen sie mit dem Morphem -ra auftreten. Ich werde argumentieren, dass -ra lediglich markiert, dass ein BN oder auch ein anderes Nominal nicht in seiner VP-internen Position interpretiert, sondern in eine VP-externe Domäne bewegt wird. Das bedeutet, das Morphem -ra ist ein syntaktisches Morphem auf Phrasenebene.
This thesis explores the variable behavior of bare nouns in Persian. Bare singular nouns realize different grammatical functions, including subject, object and indirect object. They receive different interpretations, including generic, definite and existential readings. However, the task of understanding the reasons for, and limits on, this variation cannot be achieved without understanding a number of pivotal features of Persian sentential architecture, including Information Structure, prosody, word order, and the functions of various morphological markers in Persian. With respect to the discourse transparency of Incorporated Nominals, under certain circumstances, Persian bare nouns show discourse transparency. These circumstances are examined in chapter 3, and it is proposed that bare nouns do introduce a number neutral discourse referent. This proposal is phrased within Discourse Representation Theory. In the second half of the dissertation, the interpretation of bare nouns in different positions and with different grammatical functions are discussed. Under the independently supported hypothesis of position>interpretation mapping developed by Diesing (1992), we will see the role of the suffix -ra in indicating that an object has been moved out of VP. For subjects, there is no morphological marking corresponding to –ra on objects, and we have to rely on prosody and word order to determine how a VP is interpreted using theories of the interaction of accent and syntactic structure. It is proposed that both subject and object originate within the VP, and can move out to the VP-external domain. The motivation for these movements are informational-structural in nature, relating in particular to the distinctions between given and new information, and default and non-default information structure.
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Amoozegar-Fassie, Farzad. "The poetics of Persian music : the intimate correlation between prosody and Persian classical music." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27954.

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Throughout most historical narratives and descriptions of Persian arts, poetry has had a profound influence on the development and preservation of Persian classical music, in particularly after the emergence of Islam in Iran. A Persian poetic structure consists of two parts: the form (its fundamental rhythmic structure, or prosody) and the content (the message that a poem conveys to its audience, or theme). As the practice of using rhythmic cycles—once prominent in Iran— deteriorated, prosody took its place as the source of rhythmic organization and inspiration. The recognition and reliance on poetry was especially evident amongst Iranian musicians, who by the time of Islamic rule had been banished from the public sphere due to the sinful socio-religious outlook placed on music. As the musicians’ dependency on prosody steadily grew stronger, poetry became the preserver, and, to a great extent, the foundation of Persian music’s oral tradition. While poetry has always been a significant part of any performance of Iranian classical music, little attention has been paid to the vitality of Persian/Arabic prosody as its main rhythmic basis. Poetic prosody is the rhythmic foundation of the Persian repertoire the radif, and as such it makes possible the development, memorization, expansion, and creation of the complex rhythmic and melodic compositions during the art of improvisation.
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Shabani-Jadidi, Pouneh. "Processing Compound Verbs in Persian." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/22717.

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This study investigates how Persian compound verbs are processed in the mental lexicon, through which we can infer how they are stored, organized, and accessed. The study focuses on investigating Persian compound verbs in light of psycholinguistic theories on polymorphemic word processing as well as linguistic theories of complex predicates. The psycholinguistic section details three experiments addressing the following three research questions: (1) whether compound verb constituents show significant priming in the masked-priming paradigm; (2) whether priming effects are constrained by semantic transparency; and (3) whether priming effects are due to morphological relatedness. This study revealed several findings: (1) compound verbs in Persian are decomposed into their constituents at early stages of processing, (2) at early stages of processing, decomposition is based on purely orthographic similarity, (3) although both transparent and opaque compound constituents were facilitated while processing, transparency had an impact on processing in the early stages of processing. Finally, the findings seem to support a parallel input effect or competing alternative effect for the verbal constituent of the transparent compound verb, as reflected in the slower facilitation for the verbal constituent compared to the nominal constituent. In theoretical studies on Persian complex predicates, the compound verb formation can be either lexical or syntactic. The overall evidence reflected in the linguistic data for Persian complex predicates presented in this dissertation as well as the results of the experimental studies carried out in this research seem to point towards lexical compounding in Persian compound verb formation. The evidence comes from (1) the nominalization of the compound, i.e. the possibility of using the compound verb as a noun; (2) the atelicity feature, i.e. the possibility of using the compound verb after the progressive expression dar haale ‘in the process of’, which indicates an incomplete action; and (3) the nonreferentiality of the nominal constituent in the compound verb, i.e. the nominal constituent cannot be followed by a pronoun that refers to it. On the other hand, the results of the experimental studies reported in this dissertation seem to support a lexical approach to compound verbs in Persian. The technique used in these experimental studies was masked priming paradigm, which investigates the prelexical and lexical processing. The results reveal constituent priming effects under masked priming technique. This indicates that Persian compound verb constituents are accessed at the prelexical stage of processing. Syntactic calculations are said to be done at later stages of processing. Therefore, the early processing of compound verb constituents leads us to the argument for the lexicality of Persian compound verbs.
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Books on the topic "Persian"

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Lewis, Gebhardt, ed. Persian. London: Routledge, 1997.

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Ḥayyīm, Sulaymān. Dictionary English-Persian, Persian-English. New Delhi: Languages-of-the-World Publications, 1992.

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m, Sulayma n. H. Đayyi. Dictionary English-Persian Persian-English. New Delhi, India: Languages of the World, 1992.

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Haim, S. English-Persian, Persian-English dictionary. Tehran: Farhang Moaser, 2000.

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HĐayyim, Sulayman. Dictionary English-Persian Persian-English. New Delhi, India: Languages of the World, 1992.

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Hillmann, Michael Craig. Persian-English English-Persian biotechnology glossary. Hyattsville, MD: Dunwoody Press, 2006.

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Moallem, Minoo. Persian Carpets. New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: The Routledge series for creative teaching and learning in anthropology: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315266435.

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Rabinyan, Dorit. Persian brides. Edinburgh: Canongate, 1998.

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Selby, Pauline. Persian springs. Godalming, Surrey: Highland Books, 2001.

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Hinnells, John R. Persian mythology. New York: P. Bedrick Books, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Persian"

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Bennett, G. H. "Persia and the Persian Problem." In British Foreign Policy during the Curzon Period, 1919–24, 122–35. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230377356_7.

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Rubin, Aaron D., and Lily Kahn. "Persian." In Jewish Languages from A to Z, 148–52. New York : Routledge, [2021]: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351043441-30.

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Windfuhr, Gernot L., and Carina Jahani. "Persian." In The World's Major Languages, 455–69. Third edition. | Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, [2018] | “First edition published by Croom Helm 1987.”: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315644936-26.

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Mohseni, Mahdi, Javad Ghofrani, and Heshaam Faili. "Persianp: A Persian Text Processing Toolbox." In Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Text Processing, 75–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75477-2_4.

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Kidwai, Saleem. "Sarmad (Persian)." In Same-Sex Love in India, 157–58. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-62183-5_20.

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Kidwai, Saleem. "Sarmad (Persian)." In Same-Sex Love in India, 157–58. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-05480-7_20.

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Jany, Janos. "Persian Law." In Legal Traditions in Asia, 83–116. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43728-2_4.

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Paul, Ludwig. "4.6. Persian." In The Languages and Linguistics of Western Asia, edited by Geoffrey Haig and Geoffrey Khan, 569–624. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110421682-017.

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Mould, Richard F. "Persian Wisdom." In Mould's Medical Anecdotes, 325. New York: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203746448-214.

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"Persian." In The World's Major Languages, 460–74. Routledge, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203301524-33.

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Conference papers on the topic "Persian"

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Taheri-Ardali, Mortaza, and Daniel Hirst. "Building a Persian-English OMProDat Database Read by Persian Speakers." In Speech Prosody 2022. ISCA: ISCA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/speechprosody.2022-90.

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Savargiv, Mohammad, and Azam Bastanfard. "Persian speech emotion recognition." In 2015 7th Conference on Information and Knowledge Technology (IKT). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ikt.2015.7288756.

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Dashtipour, Kia, Mandar Gogate, Ahsan Adeel, Abdulrahman Algarafi, Newton Howard, and Amir Hussain. "Persian Named Entity Recognition." In 2017 IEEE 16th International Conference on Cognitive Informatics & Cognitive Computing (ICCI*CC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icci-cc.2017.8109733.

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Mousavi, Seyed Muhammad Hossein, V. B. Surya Prasath, and Seyed Muhammad Hassan Mousavi. "Persian Classical Music Instrument Recognition (PCMIR) Using a Novel Persian Music Database." In 2019 9th International Conference on Computer and Knowledge Engineering (ICCKE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccke48569.2019.8965166.

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Mohammadian, Mehrdad, Neda Maleki, Tobias Olsson, and Fredrik Ahlgren. "Persis: A Persian Font Recognition Pipeline Using Convolutional Neural Networks." In 2022 12th International Conference on Computer and Knowledge Engineering (ICCKE). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccke57176.2022.9960037.

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Sarabi, Zahra, Hooman Mahyar, and Mojgan Farhoodi. "ParsiPardaz: Persian Language Processing Toolkit." In 2013 3th International eConference on Computer and Knowledge Engineering (ICCKE). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccke.2013.6682862.

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Zamani, Somayeh, Masoud Asadpour, and Dara Moazzami. "Rumor detection for Persian Tweets." In 2017 Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iraniancee.2017.7985287.

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Dolamic, Ljiljana, and Jacques Savoy. "Persian Language, Is Stemming Efficient?" In 2009 20th International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Application. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dexa.2009.28.

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Rahmani, Hamed, Toni Rietveld, and Carlos Gussenhoven. "Persian word accent is deletable." In Speech Prosody 2016. ISCA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/speechprosody.2016-90.

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Shirali-Shahreza, Mohammad, and Sajad Shirali-Shahreza. "Persian/Arabic Unicode Text Steganography." In 2008 Fourth International Conference on Information Assurance and Security (IAS). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ias.2008.12.

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Reports on the topic "Persian"

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Barnes, Bob. Clausewitz and the Persian Gulf War. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada440727.

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Snyder, Thomas J., and Stella T. Smith. The War in the Persian Gulf. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada369719.

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Nicula, Gail, Areena Lowe, Carolyn Orr, and Eileen Trueblood. Persian Gulf War Chronology and Index. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada245916.

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Lynch, William B. A Military Strategy for the Persian Gulf. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada437004.

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Domoto, Paul A. Stark Northern Prize—A Hardy Persian Walnut. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1306.

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Domoto, Paul A. Stark Northern Prize—A Hardy Persian Walnut. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-166.

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Domoto, Paul A. Stark Northern Prize—A Hardy Persian Walnut. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1822.

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Domoto, Paul A. Stark Northern Prize—A Hardy Persian Walnut. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2119.

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Domoto, Paul A. Stark Northern Prize—A Hardy Persian Walnut. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-229.

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Domoto, Paul A. Stark Northern Prize—A Hardy Persian Walnut. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2436.

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