Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pérou – Histoire – 19e siècle'
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Deustua, José. "Mines, monnaie et hommes dans les Andes : une histoire économique et sociale de l'activité minière dans le Pérou du XIXe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989EHES0005.
Full textMining in 19th-century peru, which revolved around the exploitation and exportation of precious metals and which had been consolidated during the colonial era, remained pre-industrial despite the changes caused by the national independence process. This economic activity did not transform the basis of its economic accumulation. This thesis studies the volumes of production of metals and minerals, the integration of this production with its rural and spatial environment, the characteristics of mining commerce and transport, the dynamism of mining enterprises, the relationship between mining and minting and the transformation of precious metals in money, which furthermore had a restricted circulation in peruvian territory
Tchinga, Mikolo Steeve. "Les moyens et les métiers des transports dans le Pérou républicain : entre histoire technique et histoire sociale." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BOR30060/document.
Full textAfter the country independence proclaimed in 1821 and the first decades of political anarchy and instability, Peruvian governing leaders set themselves to building a modern state. Through this process, they aimed at building public facilities, diversifying means of communication and especially in adopting and implementing the new technologies created by the Industrial Revolution (railroads and steam engines) now affordable to exploit the guano deposits. Besides its rich subsoil raw material that underpinned the colonial economy, Peru has a less lenient topography because of its geographical contrasts combining deserts, mountains, and forests. This study suggests doing a historical review of the Republican Peru transportation means by examining the various mechanisms set up by political authorities to connect the country to the world, and by examining the existing situation of the communication networks back in the colonial era. The thesis defines not only the types of trades and transportation developed in different regions of Peru, but also examines the transition from traditional means of transportation (walking, mules, horses, and carriages) and modernity represented by steam engines traction. The interaction issue of these new technologies along with artisanal and traditional peasant economy is raised by comparing several administrative sets or those derived from travelogues
Talbot, Eliane. "Miracles et religiosité dans l'historiographie du Pérou à l'époque baroque." Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUEL317.
Full textThe apparitions of the Holy Virgin and Saint Jacques during the battle of Cuzco in 1535 had demonstrated that should the need arise god was on the side of the spanish army. Then the miracles continued and they mostly took place within the frame of the images of the Holy Virgin, and they become a " fait de société " in the last two decades of the 16th century. As a matter of fact the miracles corresponded to purely human aims, in the same way as the cults exported or stagnated. First of all, such miracles were part of the strategy of the Roman Catholic priests who wished to convince the Indians of the truth of their message. Yet the Creoles were also interested. By showing that the Holy Virgin had chosen the New World, and more specifically Peru, to intervene in the lives of men, the miraculous rain enabled them to reject the negative live image to which the native spaniards, the Gachupines, were triying to limit them. They then could claim their place at the top of colonial hierarchy. The miracles, resulting from the collusion between the inhabitants of Peru - as it was their interest - the colonial authorities - who saw it them as a factor of social stability at a time when mining demanded it - and the priest- who wanted to make their preachings-, the miracles became a miraculous rain
Ortemberg, Pablo. "Rituel et pouvoir : sens et usages des liturgies civiques : de la Vice-royauté du Pérou à l'orée de la République (Lima, 1735-1828)." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0357.
Full textThis thesis analyses the uses and meanings, as well as the changes and continuities, of the feasts and celebrations of royal power, independence and the new republic destined to commemorate the regimes and to construct supreme authority in Lima between 1735 and 1928. The main objective is to understand two dimensions. First the uses that social actors, collective and individual, give political ritual as well as the meanings they are able to provide them with in each circumstance it is put into practise. Secondly, it examines the tranformations and continuities of these normative schemes that are charaterised by their relative stability in the long duration. We will demonstrate , using ritual as a prism, to what degree it is possible to observe changes in the continuity, as well as continuities in change in historical process
Kermele, Nejma. "Don Francisco de Toledo et la réforme du Pérou." Bordeaux 3, 2000. https://extranet.u-bordeaux-montaigne.fr/memoires/diffusion.php?nnt=2000BOR30006.
Full textDuchesne, Frédéric. "L'ajustement indien : les villages du Coropuna (Arequipa, Pérou) au 18e siècle." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030159.
Full textThe Condesuyos of Arequipa is an isolated and deprived Peruvian province, which used to stand out all around the Coropuna volcano during the colonial era but remains almost unknown to History. The only event that would catch the attention of an historian in search of something spectacular might be the revolt of the idolatrous Indians of Andagua between 1745 and 1752. The legal action taken by the provincial authorities to repress this uprising shows a picture of the villager society of the Coropuna lands in the 18th century in which we can notice – and this is the central topic of this study – the Indian world articulating itself to the colonial society. These villages, in the light of their cultural heritage and long-term history, are considered through demographic and economic realities, relations between the Indian and the authorities as well as religious phenomena. Beyond being a simple monograph, this work depicts the actors of this society on a daily basis and analyses the various paths of life and social relationships. In the heart of this microcosm, the way the Indian will fit (but also will be fitted) onto this world is noticeable throughout colonial history
Yvinec, Maud. ""Los peruanos conocidos antes con el nombre de indios". Les discours sur l'Indien au Pérou, de la guerre d'indépendance à la guerre du Pacifique (1821-1879)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030120.
Full textThis dissertation looks at the representations of the Indian at the beginning of Peruvian national construction. The period between 1821 and 1879 has been given little consideration so far, even though it is a pivotal moment between the end of Spanish rule and what is generally regarded as the beginning of Indigenism. How is the Indian conceived at a time when a new community is being invented? By looking at an extremely diversified array of discourses (legal texts, newspapers, literature, historiography, visual arts, and so on) this dissertation shall investigate the way paradoxes of identity are built. Its first part deals with the representations of the “Indian of the past”: although the Incas were established as the ancestors of the Nation, the Indians of the Nineteenth Century were not necessarily perceived as their rightful descendants. This leads to an investigation of the Indian population in the New Republic of Peru. The second part of this dissertation scrutinizes the construction of a representation of the Indian as an individual on the verge of becoming similar to the Creole population, thanks to his upcoming political, social and economic assimilation: this is what we term “the projected Indian”, who is a “de-Indianized” Indian. The third part of this study will show how after all, the Indian always remains “present”: his official status is more ambiguous than it seems, since the integrative laws of the Republic are constantly questioned and the Indian’s otherness is constantly reinforced by the continued presence of stereotypes. These diverse contradictions give rise to an awareness of a significant issue: the fourth part illustrates the emergence of the Indian as a “national question”
Quintana, Marie. "Les Mercédaires en Espagne et en Amérique du XVIIIème siècle : les couvents de Séville, de Lima et du Cuzco." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040221.
Full textWe don't only carry out research into the redemptive order of Mercy founded in 1218 by Peter Nolasco to describe the life of Mercedarians from Seville to Peru, but also to conjure up the conflicts and the mainspring of power taking shape in the 17th century and especially in the 18th century with the Creoles' growing claims and the impact of the reform which was the core of an internal crisis in the Order. Evoking these quite dynamic monks, we will try to bring out the link between the Old and the New World, Europe and America, the Christians' ransoming and the Indians evangelization through the study of three very important monasteries in so far as they ruled their respective province from the 16th to the 18th century
Rengifo, Carpio David Carlos. "Le théâtre historique et la construction de la nation : essor, crise et résurgence : Lima 1848-1924." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20057/document.
Full textThis doctoral dissertation explores the role that historical theatre played in the process of nation-building in Peru between the mid-nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries. Local theatre’s dynamics mirrored the development of nation-building in this country. The period under study is of particular complexity in Peruvian history, and it allows us to understand the difficulties arising between the construction of the nation and the development of a Peruvian national identity. This research focuses on Lima, Peru’s capital city. It demonstrates that the historical dramas written in this period, even when not all of them were set on stage, sometimes conveyed a realistic image of the past whereas other times that representation was fictitious. These plays expressed the middle and/or upper classes’ national aspirations and ideals. Most play writers and the audiences that attended the plays belonged to the middle and/or upper classes and considered themselves as liberals. This dissertation also argues that Peruvian historical theatre only evolved in circumstances in which the local elites were filled by nationalist enthusiasm and optimism about Peru’s contemporary present and future
Vinatea, Ríos María Julía de. "Le Pérou et l’abolition de l’esclavage : circulation des idées émancipatrices et construction de l’État Nation (1788-1854)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUL032.
Full textAt the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century, a movement emerged in Europe, challenging the foundations and practices of the institution of slavery, and subsequently spreading to European colonial territories. This revolution of ideas was to have a significant impact worldwide, leading to the eradication of the slavery system within a century. Drawing on methodology developed by O. Pétré-Grenouilleau, this thesis outlines the impact of the abolitionist revolution in Peru between 1788 and 1854, focussing on the means by which abolitionist ideas were revived and circulated in Peru, especially considering the speed with which these ideas reached the Indianos* of Peru, within only a year of the formation of the A.T.S.S. (Anti-Trade Slavery Society [London. Bodleian library]). This abolitionist revolution provoked a range of both laudatory and critical reactions from contemporaries in Peru, with newspapers, books, leaflets, tertulias* and articles being the main sources of dissemination of emancipationist ideas. The political debate was particularly intense during the Cortes of Cádiz—the independence wars from 1810 to 1824—and the Peruvian Civil War from 1853 to 1855
Quiroz, Lissell. "Du service du roi au service de la République : haute magistrature et construction de l'Etat au Pérou (1810-1870)." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010586.
Full textBuller, Vizcarra Carlos. "L' économie du vin à Arequipa : les vallées de Vitor, Majes et Moquegua entre 1770 et 1850." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0082.
Full textThe curve showing the output of wine, the main agricultural product in the Vitor, Majes and Moquegua Valleys in c. 1770-1850, is here studied based on the documentation derived from the tithes paid in Arequipa. The curve show the expansion in the output ofwine unti11816, when the sector began its final decline due to the collapse of the commercial networks brought about by the independence of Peru. The dissertation likewise studies the price and commercialisation of wine, similar staples (wheat, maize, potatoes) as well as the local, regional and global historical contexts
Gamarra, Carrillo Jefrey Antonio. "Intellectuels et anthropologues des provinces, radicalisme politique ou régionalisme : histoire culturelle et anthropologique à Ayacucho, Pérou 1920-1970." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0181.
Full textAt the end of the 20th century, an armed conflict took place in Peru whose origins and factors that triggered it continue to be discussed even today. This conflict, with the epicenter in the Andean city of Ayacucho, compromised the public university in that region of Peru and the center of education in general since a good part of those who formed part of the subversive group, the Shining Path, were people linked to educational activities. This ultimately led scholars of the subversive phenomenon to trace the intellectual roots of the group that sought to take power through violence.The main approach that scholars take is that the radicalism of the group raised arms in response to a characteristic of the intellectual group of the province or region of the Peruvian highlands discontent with the Peruvian state and reluctant to the changes that impacts of modernization had taken in these spaces at the beginning of the last century. On the contrary, in this thesis we propose that the intellectuals of the provinces like Ayacucho of the first half of the century; far from being radical, they sought to solve the problems derived from a centralist country and with a hegemonic elite located in Lima, the capital of the country, which considered the provinces as spaces lost in time and unable to bend to modernization and modernity.The tensions and conflicts facing the capital shaped cultural relations as well as representations around the central state and the provinces of the interior of the country. The cultural history of Ayacucho cannot be separated from the way these intellectual groups constructed images around the nation, the region and the way of life in the provinces. That cultural history is expressed in the way in which anthropology of the provinces or regions like Ayacucho and Cusco has served to think and undertake the problem of hegemonic visions in Peru. The thesis does not directly tackle a study of the armed conflict, but rather the construction of representations around the intellectual traditions about radicalism and regionalism in the country
A fines del siglo XX tuvo lugar en el Perú un conflicto armado cuyos orígenes y factores que lo desencadenaron continúan siendo discutidos aún hoy. Este conflicto con epicentro en la ciudad andina de Ayacucho comprometió a la universidad pública en esa región del Perú y los centros de educación en general ya que buena parte de quienes de quienes formaron parte del grupo subversivo Sendero Luminoso eran personas ligadas a actividades educativas. Esto último condujo a los estudiosos del fenómeno subversivo a rastrear las raíces intelectuales del grupo que buscaba tomar el poder mediante la violencia. El planteamiento principal que los estudiosos hacen al respecto es que el radicalismo del grupo alzado en armas responde a una característica de los grupos intelectuales de las provincias o regiones de la sierra peruana descontentos con el Estado peruano y reacios a los cambios que el impacto de la modernización ha tenido en estos espacios a principios del siglo pasado. Contrariamente, en esta tesis planteamos que los intelectuales de las provincias como Ayacucho de la primera mitad de siglo; lejos de ser radicales más bien buscaban resolver los problemas derivados de un país centralista y con una élite hegemónica ubicada en Lima, la capital del país, que consideraba a las provincias como espacios extraviados en el tiempo e incapaces de plegarse a la modernización y modernidad. Las tensiones y conflictos frente a la capital configuraron relaciones culturales además de representaciones en torno al Estado central y las provincias del interior del país. La historia cultural de Ayacucho no puede desligarse de la manera cómo estos grupos intelectuales construyeron imágenes en torno a la nación, la región y el modo de vida de las provincias. Esa Historia Cultural se expresa en la manera cómo la antropología de las provincias o regiones como Ayacucho y Cusco ha servido para pensar y abordar el problema de las visiones hegemónicas en el Perú. La tesis no aborda directamente el estudio de la Lucha Armada pero sí la construcción de representaciones en torno a las tradiciones intelectuales sobre el radicalismo y el regionalismo en el país
Seiner, Lizárraga Lizardo. "Catastrophe, société et Etat : le grand tremblement de terre de 1868 et la reconstruction des départements de la côte sud-péruvienne de 1868-1878." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENH037/document.
Full textThis research aims to study the dual response of the state and a section of the southern Peruvian population to the catastrophe caused by the earthquake of August 13, 1868 in the departments of southern Peru. Based on seismic memory deeply rooted in that area, souvenir product of large earthquakes in the past three hundred years, this seismic event was perceived by contemporaries as the most violent of all the regional history of the southern coast of Peru. Today, seismologists also recognized as the largest magnitude and intensity occurred not only in the area but throughout Peru in the last five centuries. On the other hand, in the affected area were settled urban centers hundreds of very different scale, ranging from large cities to small towns like Arequipa just hundreds indigenous inhabitants, located in the upper parts of the mountain. Therefore, the catastrophe of 1868 is the result of the initial interaction of two factors, one frequently occurring geological event in the area directly affected diverse urban structure, vulnerable to the action of a natural phenomenon of this magnitude. Through the title I wanted to highlight all the elements involved in this research. On one hand, a situation (the catastrophe) involving two players (the society and the state), accelerated directly by a natural event (the earthquake), which occurs in a specific area (southern Peruvian departments), compared to which develops a process (reconstruction) extending for about a decade (1868-1878). The state's reaction was swift as possible to deal with the emergency and rehabilitation phase. However, the reconstruction was a period over a decade demonstrated the failings of the state as the allocation of resources to the affected area was not constant in time and quite the contrary diminished to virtually disappear in the budgetary concerns of successive governments of the 1870s. Meanwhile, the economy recovered significantly, materialized process both increased volume of agricultural production, especially wine, and domestic and international trade. Should not be overlooked that the reconstruction had to face difficulties due to the emergence of new natural hazards influenced also the difficulties to maintain an appropriate pace of recovery. Research has also identified an internationalization of the disaster, ie, the set of information in various ways (private, military and diplomatic) expanded the knowledge of the characteristics of the disaster significantly contributing to creating conditions for the organization and referral aid of different origins, although mainly Monetary to the affected area
Bullick, Lucie. "Pouvoir militaire et société au Pérou aux XIXe et XXe siècles." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010557.
Full textThe objective of the thesis is to analyze the military regimes in peru in the XIXth and XXTh centuries. The firts part is dedicated to the role of the armed forces in the Peruvian political system. From the end of the XIXth century till 1968, the military institution was the protector of oligarchical interests. The second part of the thesis analyses the government of general J. Velasco Alvarado as well as the regime of F. Morales Bermúdez. It studies the opposition of different tendencies inside the government, the politization and ways of resolving conflicts between opposite tendencies. This part is also dedicated to the demilitarization process that took place at the end of the seventies. The third part of the thesis focuses on the problems of military aid (French and North American military missions), armament, military training, doctrines and strategies
Kosmatou, Eftychia. "La population des Iles Ioniennes (18e-19e siècle)." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010503.
Full textDancourt, Carlos. "Au-delà de l'indigénisme au Pérou : trois discours pionniers sur le métissage (José Uriel Garcia, Hildebrando Castro Pozo, José Antonio Encinas)." Tours, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOUR2038.
Full textJosé Uriel Garcia, Hildebrando Castro Pozo and José Antonio Encinas have started thinking from a new angle in terms of the intermixing and integration of indians in the development of peruvian nationality. In doing so, they have gone against what were the main intellectual trends of peru in the twenties, which saw the roots of peruvian nationality either in its indian population and pre-hispanic past - indigenism and its defenders - or in the spanish heritage - the hispanicism of conservative intellectuals. Their viewpoint goes together with a considerable amount of research done on the spot in contact with andean populations. Thanks to these innovations, these three intellectuals have contributed to moving peruvian studies into modern social sciences. Yet, for reasons that are mainly ideological, their contribution has been neglected in the history of ideas in Peru. J. U. Garcia has developed a wide-ranging theory - from history, ethnology, culture, economics, to sociology, politics, art, identity - on the subject of the process of american racial integration. On the way, he has laid the foundation for further studies on cultural syncretism and acculturation. H. Castro Pozo is the first writer to draw a full ethnographic picture of indigenous communities and to study their evolution. In addition, he has devised new revolutionary strategies that show the way for the indian population to become part of Peru's racialy-integrated future. In education, J. A. Encinas has, by using his experience as a teacher in an indian community, expressed a modern idea that helps peruvian education rid itself of its colonial paradigm so as to integrate the indian population. To do so, he has called people to a two-pronged revolution in education and society. The purpose of our thesis is to make the work of J. U. Garcia, H. Castro Pozo and J. A. Encinas known. By so doing, we hope to throw a new light on the whole of peruvian intellectual
Jobst, Clemens. "Trois études en histoire bancaire et financière au XIXe siècle." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007IEPP0043.
Full textThe thesis puts together three essays in 19th century financial history. The first chapter looks at foreign exchange policy in the gold-standard period and challenges the conventional wisdom that the gold standard was stabilized by an automatic mechanism whenever the spot exchange rate reached the “gold points”. Building on insights from the target zone and market microstructure literature, i study the Austro-Hungarian currency band. Instead of defending a band on the margin, the central bank engaged in sophisticated operations including sale-repurchase contracts. Exchange rate stabilization under the gold standard appears much more “modern” than traditionally recognized. The second chapter looks at the administration of the branch networks central banks created on a large scale in the second half of the 19th century. An understudied aspect of cb history, these networks provide significant lessons on the evolution of central banks towards modern public-interest institutions and on the role of public policy in the emergence of national money and credit markets. I show how questions of information economics influence both the integration process and cb policy. The final chapter includes two articles coauthored with Marc Flandreau. The first provides rigorous foundations to the concept of “core” and “periphery” in international monetary relations. In a second paper we provide the first review of critical empirical issues in the economics of international currencies. We report evidence in favor of the search-theoretic approach, strategic externalities and persistence. We reject pure path dependency, however. The system cannot remain locked into some past equilibrium forever
Camacho, Arango Carlos Humberto. "Le Conflit de Leticia (1932-1933) et les armées du Pérou et de la Colombie : histoire-récit, histoire comparée, histoire croisée." Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010514.
Full textTranvaux, Annick. "Emergence du sentiment independantiste aux Philippines, au XIXème siècle." Bordeaux 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR30041.
Full textCingolani, Patrick. "Le problème de l'individualisme et de la démocratie aux origines de la sociologie en France au XIXe siècle." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070055.
Full textThe problematics of this thesis could be summarized as from whatever is at stake. It attempts to define the historical moment where the whole corpus of social problems (the social bound as a source of the concept of community) shows itself as an question and where the question finds its answers in an (social) science and a religion. This research which has particularly studied the works of l. De bonald, de j. De maistre et de a. Comte gives an analysis of the emergence of sociology during the first half of the nineteenth century in france and shows how the corpus of social problems is an original way to deal with the problem of skepticism rised by the idea of democracy. The thesis also sketches the common course which with be taken by sociology over against what it considers to be two great figures of the modern confusion: "communism utopia" and "liberalism". It is within the framework of this context that sociology delivered the main shapes of solidarity and prepared, with e. Littre, to find an original application to democracy : the republic
Henry, Jean. "Les notables des Vosges (1860-1880) : histoire sociale et politique." Nancy 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NAN21007.
Full textFrom 1860, the Vosges department has its ruling classes, an outcome of enlargement of eligible voters. They are limited in number, few and far less than the national average are very wealthy, even though their number is growing. There are two dominant groups: the manufactures who are the richest especially after the establishment of the cotton factories in Alsace from 1871 the professions, less well off, abstain a majority on the "conseil general"; three lawyers connected to political circles in Paris are nationally known notables (Louis Buffet, Jules Ferry, Jules Méline). There are not any large estate-owners, just a few big and medium land-owners or foresters whose influence on their district is diminishing. The conservative notables led by buffet, are elected as deputies for three mandates after the fall of the empire, three out of eight to the "assemblée nationale", they are defeated in 1876 and 1877: from then on they only keep a few local strongholds. Symbolic of their decline, Louis Buffet leaves the local political scene in the Vosges. The principal targets of criticism from the empire's prefects the republican notables’ strengthen their unity with the free masons especially in the mountains which are the most anti-plebiscite area. After 1871, under the leadership of Jules Ferry their influence grows continuously over the cotton manufacturers, the farmers and the town dwellers. The Ferry "system" rules over the department from 1877 on
Sanchez, Barberan Matias. "Le républicanisme sud-pacifique à l'aune des recompositions impériales : Pérou, Bolivie , Chili. Années 1860." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0140.
Full textAs part of the studies on Atlantic republicanism, this thesis studies the South Pacific republican movement of the 1860s, particularly in Peru, Bolivia and Chile. It takes up the long history of HispanoAmerican republicanism in order to highlight its capacity to elaborate a vast political project, the culmination of which is the union of the American republics, a project that is currently little known by historiography. The imperial and colonial reconstitution effort of the middle of the century paved the way for a remarkable politicisation in the South Pacific. The Second Mexican Empire, the annexation of Santo Domingo to the Spanish crown, and finally the war of the South Pacific republics against Spain, are for the republicans the proof of a vast plan of monarchical reconquest in America. To counter this imperial situation, about fifteen republican societies were created in the main South Pacific cities. They gave republicanism an important social breadth. Among them were the landed elites, the commercial bourgeoisie, the craftsmen and the propagandists. If these societies reflect the specific relationships of each city, they also illuminate the transition between traditional forms of social organisation and modern political precepts. In terms of repertoires of action, they utilise the arsenal of tools of political confrontation and resort to illegitimate methods, such as attacks on consular houses, veiled threats and even insults. At the same time, they induced republican symbolism. Meetings to celebrate republican victories, subscriptions in favour of Mexican republicans and celebrations ofpatriotic holidays in neighbouring countries sanction the emergence of a new civic calendar. In this sense, these societies are constructing a wider political space that allows the distinctiveness of the South Pacific to be thought of. This thesis, by analysing the spread of republican societies, reveals the persistence of monarchist expressions in mid-century Hispanic America. The participation of Mexican conservatives in the imperial project makes it imperative to thwart any possible alliance between local monarchists and imperial powers. Spain's irruption in the South Pacific, triggered by the capture of the Chincha Islands on 14 April 1864, contributed to the radicalisation of tension between societies and states. The bellicose turn was an opportunity for the republican movement to claim social roots and the emancipatory value of republicanism, even if it meant raising the revolutionary potential of the war. In this sense, the study of this conflict invites us to analyse this critical moment, and to emphasise the republican reading of political modernity
Guereña, Jean-Louis. "Pour une histoire de l'éducation populaire en Espagne (1840-1920)." Besançon, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BESA1011.
Full textAndréassian, Anne Elisabeth. "Les représentations de l'entreprise dans le roman français au XIXe siècle, 1829-1891." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010546.
Full textUmezawa, Aya. "La prison cellulaire et la folie des prisonniers : histoire des représentations de la prison et des prisonniers (1819-1848)." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010585.
Full textAndioc, Torres Sophie. "Les idées politiques et littéraires de Domingo Del Monte." Paris 8, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA080713.
Full textDomingo del monte was a central figure of the cuban society of the xix th century. He spent his life taking part in the marking events of the histoire of the colony from 1803 to 1853. He was the subject for every cultural polemics and for every political stir stemming from the conflicts between the romanticists and the neo-classicists, between the partisans of prioslavery and the abolitionists and between the reformists and the annexionists. His stances not only emerged from his actions in the society of his time. He also left us a written account in wich he proposes a wide and very complete programme meant to assure definitively the prosperity of cuba. In litterature, he recommended a raising of moral standards in plotsand language, as well as the creation of a peculiar litterature schowing the cultural originality of the island. He conceived a plan of reform for education in order to spread primary instruction to the whole population. In politic he claimed a larger autonomy compatible with the loyalty of the colony with spain. So he marked the history of ideas by his patriotism and his conception of the citizen utility
Triomphe, Pierre. "Les mises en scène du passé au Palais-Bourbon (1815-1848) : Aux origines d'une mémoire nationale." Montpellier 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON30066.
Full textThroughout the age of history, the political debate in France made an extensive use of the past. Hence the interest of methodically studying the historical references found in the speeches of the House of Commons over a period beginning with the Restoration and the debates on the "Adresse", and closing with the end of the July Monarchy. Three distinct lines of approach or analysis can then be defined. One, where laying stress on the past is a way of making sense of the present at critical political junctures ; two, where judging from the personalities and events they mention, the various speakers share far more of a common imagination than generally acknowledged ; three, where the complexity of their relationship to the past, or areas of the past, poses a problem, as also the confrontation of any given theory of history to the hazards of the day to day debates. In all three cases, the break brought about by the "Trois Glorieuses" looms very large. With the July monarchy taking over from the Restoration, there occurs a dramatic change in the MP's references to the past : after 1830, the focus is both chronologically on more recent times (1789 is a limit rarely exceeded) and shared, in essentials at least, by all political families. Thus, the first draft of a national memory takes shape under the July monarchy, heralding the fuller Republican statement to follow, and pointing to an ever more progressist view of history
Gaussen, David. "Faire de l’histoire à l’époque romantique : histoire nationale, nouvelle histoire (France, 1789-1848)." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0125.
Full textBefore being nationalist, the history of France was national. In opposition to the monarchical history, scientists are looking at the beginning of the nineteenth century, to the story of all components of society. It is this epistemological revolution I try to explore in this thesis, in wich I put forward several little –known characters (Amans-Alexis Monteil, Félix Bourquelot, Eugène Garay de Monglave, etc. ) but have each played a important role in this process
Penez, Jérôme. "L'alchimie thermale : eau, medecine et loisirs. histoire du thermalisme en france au xixeme siecle." Paris 7, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA070056.
Full textVaidie, Agnès. "Rôle et action de l'Eglise catholique en Guadeloupe après l'abolition de l'esclavage (1848-1911)." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070118.
Full textCatholic chrch is present is in the french colony of guadeloupe since the first economic exploitation by it's mother country. The nature, the influence, the specifities, thepermanences and the ruptures of the church mission are analysed to the light of the historic context of the catholicism diffusion (1816-1848), between the key moment of slavery abolition to the church-government separation of 1911. This, in a comparatist optic (with martinique and reunion) and through the study of the diverse clergy talk, of the different forms of pastoral action, of the evolution of relations between religious institution and colonial administration, of the growing part allowed to missionary scholastic work, of the difficult separation process, wich attest of the clerical tutelage of the colonial society as well as the politic and ideologic roll attributed to church. Nevertheless, we underline the clergy powerlessness to fill politic space, the different resistance forms to catholicism appeared in white and mulatto (anticlericalism. . . ) and black (illegitimate births. . . ) population components, the survival of african and indian cults, in spite of the missionary project of catholic hierarchy. These thesis induce therefore number of interrogations and research leads aimed to a better comprehensioin of the catholic religious actual experience specifically guadeloupean
Rouet, Gilles. "L'invention de l'école : étude statistique et cartographique diachronique des modèles scolaires et exploration d'un exemple régional : l'école primaire dans la Marne et les Ardennes sous la Monarchie de Juillet." Reims, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1991REIML001.
Full textThe examination of the example of the north of the champagne illustrates the evolutionary study of the constituent elements, noted and recognized, of the polymorphic system of elementary education between 1820 and 1876. The scholastic practices, under the "monarchie de juillet", remained dissimilar on french territory but the manifestatio of certain social demands for instruction or surveillance favoured the invention of a coherent system in its representations as in its projected reality. The guizot law accelerated this evolution, at least in part of france, anticipating obligatory scholastic attendance and compulsory way for the incorporation of teachers into the civil service system. The "raison universelle", the purpose of which was the maintenance of social order and the formation of a citizenship, founded this law on 28 june 1833. To a particulat function, organized both thanks to a determined and concilatory policy and the desires of the local actors, is associated a particular framework, space, time, rythm and obhects. Thus appeared a new generation of teachers and trained professionals who distinguished themselves in the bosom of the communities. This administration of the school premises was removed from their control and they could interest themselves much more in the pedagogic aspects of primary instruction. The invention of school, a collective space of examplary sanitation, testifies to the recognition of the status of childhood, a period devoted to the apprentice ship of knowledg and social living. The "comites locaux et superieurs" had a fundamental role in the ideological generalization and application of the system. Disapearing at the same time as the political regime, they permited the establishment oc a centralised control of elementary education. The school thus becam a state apparatus
Zekri, Mostafa. "Le Shaykh Sīdī al-Hajj ʿAlī al-Darq̄awī al-Ilghī : un saint marocain du XIXe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHES0008.
Full textThis thesis offers to examine the lif and the doctrine of a moroccan sufi shaykh, the shaykh sidi al-hajj 'ali al-darqawi al-ilghi (d. 1328/1910) whose influence remanied regional. Through the manuscripts or printed texts and testimonies gathered during the investigation, we tried to answer to many questions that we've put during our reading and a long our journeys in different zawaya where stay the shaykh alilghi's disciples. The chapter i retraces the moroccan's socio-political frame work of that time, under the menace of the westerners (european) occupation. The chapter ii is consecrated to the shaykh al-ilghi's formation and origins. The chapter iii describes from the hagiographical basic elements, the stages of the initiatical route of sidi al-hajj 'ali al-darqawi. The chapter iv puts the question about the succession and the access to the spiritual mastery. The chapter v analyses the pilgrimage stories of shaykh. Lastly the chapter vi deals with the shaykh alilghi's education that he adapted as wellas as at that time and to the disciples formation
Thiercé, Agnès. "Histoire de l'adolescence et des adolescents : France 1850-1914 : d'un âge de classe à une classe d'âge." Paris 7, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA070082.
Full textThis history of adolescence in france from 1850 to the first world war recalls the conceiving of this age around a minority of pubescents and then its extension to the whole age group. Until the 1880-1890's (first part), boys of the upper class are the only pubescents who are integrated into specific institutions of adolescent age - secondary schools - and the only one integrated into the discourse of pedagogues, moralists and doctors about adolescence. The image of adolescence the adults have is critical and dangerous. Pupil's attitudes, and especially the 135 scolar rebellions listed, show adolescents in revolt against the statute descended from this image. From the 1890's (second part), adolescence became an age group, open to new actors : boys of popular classes and girls of all classes. This evolution take place with new educational policy - school and post-scholl policies, state and religious policies - and with the emergence of new discourses, especially the discourses of psychologists. Psychologists try to define the universal characters of the adolescence and they revalue this age's image. This conceptual evolution, the birth of the adolescent age group, the conditions of this birth, more generally the conditions of conceiving and belonging to adolescence, are the main lessons of this thesis
Maillard, Alain. "De la république à la communauté des biens : le communisme néo-babouviste des années 1840, étude sociologique." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070061.
Full textThe sociological explication of the french neo-babouvism in the 1840's requires three levels of analysis: 1 the homologies between the utopian communism and the forms of collective property and solidarity in the peasant communisties, and in the guilds; the homology with the french state's unified and centralized structure during the old regim and the first republic; 2 the formation of a republican-worker imaginary and organisations, the pregnance of a robespierrist and babouvist memory, the development of the social utopies; 3 the fondamental insertion of the neo-babouvists in the republican movment: from which the constitution of an ideological and political group and not of an utopian community (like the icarians)
Corcy, Marie-Sophie. "Techniques photographiques de prise de vue, formes et applications scientifiques et industrielles de la photographie en noir et blanc en France (1839-1920)." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040233.
Full textRelating the development of photographic shooting techniques (photographic chamber, optics, closing system, frames but also sensitive processes) from 1839 (date of promulgation for the law concerning the photography) to 1920 (transition to another technical system based on the miniaturization and the integration of the elements making the camera up) and understand this development in accordance with the history of these techniques. We have emphasized the motor of this development (the research on the instantaneous illustrated by the progress made on the sensitivity of chemical processes). We have expanded this problematic by demonstrating the existence of periplural technical systems, that have progressively formed around the generic photographic technical system, and which are illustrated by the forms of photography but also by its scientific and industrial applications. We have on another hand, demonstrated the part of the amateur (confirmed or novice) in this evolutionary process. Finally, we have illustrated this intention by the analysis of a hundred “stereoscopic” pictures, an amateur's work at the end of the XIXth century
Verley, Patrick. "Les facteurs de l'industrialisation française au XIXe siècle : analyse comparative." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010618.
Full textVergnet, Laurent. "Sur quelques pharmaciens bordelais du XIXème siècle : portraits photographiques et bio-bibliographie." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR2P080.
Full textEscudier, Alexandre. "Le récit historique comme problème théorique en France et en Allemagne au XIXe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0027.
Full textSoriot, Annie. "Le travail et la question sociale : histoire de la construction d'une synthèse entre le socialisme et l'économie politique au XIXe siècle." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010058.
Full textFauvel, Aude. "Témoins aliénés et "Bastilles modernes" : une histoire politique, sociale et culturelle des asiles en France (1800-1914)." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0112.
Full textThis thesis analyzes the relationships between the French society and the mentally ill during the nineteenth century. It questions the image of a "psychiatric order". The first part consists of a re-reading of the beginings of psychiatry. It unmasks the fact that the alienists were confronted by violent critics from the begining. These critics intensified in the 1860's : the problem of the destruction of the "modern Bastilles" (asylums) became the battle cry of the republican opposition. Thus the Third Republic opened an era of crisis for mental health. The study of this crisis forms the second part of this thesis. We discover how the anti-alienist movement modified representations of madness, how it weighed on the evolution of the care of the mentally ill and on the psychiatric discipline. The third part deals with the mentally ill and focuses on the way in which patients influenced their own course of history, based on written testimonies or collective actions such as revolts
Soulard, François. "La mise en place des formations intermédiaires en chimie appliquée au XIXesiècle en France : de Jean-antoine Chaptal à Victor Duruy (1800-1869)." Nantes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NANT2100.
Full textInspired by the Encyclopedism and the liberalism of the beginning of the 19th century, Jean-Antoine Chaptal, tried to organize the training of French chemists to accompany the development of the new industry. If he failed to institutionalize them, he succeeded, thanks to an influencial network, in multiplying the local offers for vocational education. In order to release a nonexhaustive photography of these local initiatives, this thesis will reconstruct the main elements of this specific education, beyond the local variations. One of the results of this study is, we hope for it, the renewal of historical prospects for the technical and intermediate education during the 19th century. The enseignement secondaire spécial institutionalized by Victor Duruy in 1865 is the most remarkable point. Then, actors of chemical training would find with this new program the means of institutionalizing their teaching practices and their vision in the field of professionalized secondary education
Date, Kiyonobu. "L'histoire religieuse au miroir de la morale laïque au XIXe siècle en France." Lille 3, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00310953.
Full textThere is no barrier today for religious studies to encompass secular ethics (morale laïque), but has it always been so ? Historically, secular ethics and the science of religions were born in the 19th century out of religious criticism. They found legitimacy in the 1880's with the establishment of the 3rd Republic in France. The former was especially employed in primary education as a means to form citizens, while the latter was primarily confined to a relatively small group of specialists within the framework of higher education. The domains of application of morals and religious studies seem, then, to differ. Texts of the first half of the 19th century, however, often show interconnected these two fields were. It is consequently opportune to reflect on the historical conditions that led these two fields to being perceived as different. For its promoters, secular ethics was a means to free society from ethics based on religion. But secular ethics is no devoid of religious elements. The history of religions, as a modern social science, has distanced itself from theology but shares with it some of its representation schemes. Even if the beginning of the 20th century sees the spiritual component of secular ethics wane and the Christian-centric perspective of the history of religions attenuate, the religious continues to haunt both ethics and religious studies. It was also the moment when these two domaines could meet again on a new level
Roux, Christian. "L'inspection primaire et la surveillance de l'école en France au XIXe siècle." Aix-Marseille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX10049.
Full textThis thesis deals with the historical and thematic development of primary education inspection in the nineteenth century within the political and legal framework of the period. It also considers the human ressources then available (namely the primary school inspectorate from its inception in 1835 until the passing of the ferry legislation in 1881-1882 ) it discusses the following issues : - supervision as evidence of the way in which the state took control of education in the 19th century. - the power conferred by this supervision role. - the three main functions of the primary school inspectorate, namely : to promote primary education, to standardize teaching methods and to preserve the status quo. This study also has a biographical aim : it has allowed a list to be made of the primary school inspectors appointed between 1835 and 1882 ; it has, in addition, provided an opportunity to formally record the names, and to retrace the careers, of the men who contributed, mainly anonymously, to the creatioin and growth of primary education
Haghe, Jean-Paul. "Les eaux courantes et l'Etat en France (1789-1919) : du contrôle institutionnel à la fétichisation marchande." Paris, EHESS, 1998. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01093647.
Full textDebofle, Pierre. "La politique d'urbanisme de la ville de Paris sous la Restauration." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040172.
Full textDuring the 19th century, Haussmann was not the only man who transformed Paris and changed deeply the aspect of the French capital. Before him, indeed, several public works were realized during the reigns of king Louis XVIII and king Charles X. These public works, however, were often decided and undertaken by napoleon and his government and unfinished when he was obliged to abdicate. Such is the subject of this thesis, consisting of three parts: the first part is a description of Paris between 1814 and 1830, and of all the problems of a great city. The second part examines the conditions of city-planning: conceptions, institutions, rules and laws, financing, building sites and materials. The third part makes a survey of achieved public works with a special place for private initiatives. Documents and records, lists of alinements of streets and new roads, maps and illustrations, and a general index complete the text
Brisou, Dominique. "Accueil, introduction et développement de l'énergie vapeur dans la Marine militaire française au XIXème siècle." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040031.
Full textThe industrial revolution which acted France between 1815 and 1870 provoked a true maritime revolution in the French navy, because of steam-engine application for ship-propulsion, and its introduction into the navy yards for moving a lot of machine tools furnished by industry. A paddle fleet was developed into areas peripheral to the main sail fleet. However these new ships were not able for warfare, because they were very vulnerable and not able to have sufficient gunnery. After an estimation period (1843-1847), the screw propeller harmonized sail with steam, so that engineer Stanislas Dupuy de Lôme invented the first true steam capital ship (1850). Then many sail battleships were equipped by auxiliary engine which fitted in the new screw propeller. Since 1860 another adaptation was made necessary because of the invention of armored capital ship by Dupuy de Lôme, who developed for her an engine which profited by new science showing a better steam use. On that account, 1870 is an important date because surface condenser was adopted; this apparatus then authorized increase of pressure, thus flight of power practicable for ships
Paturzo, Mariagrazia. "Il conto nella letteratura francese del XIX secolo." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040004.
Full textOur work traces an historical perspective of the genre of the conte through the presentation of lots of texts of the 19th century, and considers the characteristics which make the conte a particular literary genre, different from the nouvelle. Always keeping in mind that the conte and the nouvelle are almost inseparables in the 19th century, our dissertation aims to present the different kinds of contes existing in this century and, at the same time, to meditate on the idea of conte as a specific genre. Our dissertation is made up of three different parts, namely the Introduction, the General Part and the Conclusions. The introductive part retraces the iter of the short story from the Middle Ages up to the 17th century and also proposes some definitions of conte and nouvelle given by dictionaries of different periods. The General Part proposes an historical as well as literary perspective of the genre of the conte in its different aspects through the analysis of more than a hundred collections of contes of the 19th century. It also analyses the role of the conte in the reviews (ch. V) and in the mélanges (ch. VI) of that age. The Conclusions are entirely consecrated to the reflections on the idea of the conte considered as a specific literary genre, enouncing the theories proposed in the 19th century by Gœthe, Edgar Poe, Baudelaire and Marcel Schwob, and also proposing a definition of the conte in the 19th century through the three categories of Form, Subject and Message
Stoecklin, Hubert. "Scènes de la folie dans l'opéra au XIXème siècle." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR1M082.
Full textJerad, Rahma. "L'expansion américaine au prisme de Cuba : esclavage, abolition et rivalités internationales, 1836-1860 : une histoire culturelle et diplomatique." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070005.
Full textIn the two decades that led to the Civil War, the proslavery southern ideologues regarded Cuba as the model of a prosperous society where slavery was a widespread and thriving institution. This model society, so close to the southern states, both on a geographical and on an economic level, thus became the focus of their interest. But, this interest in the island of Cuba was not limited to the South, nor to the twenty years preceding the Civil War. It is certain indeed that the US interest in the island dates back to the very first days of the Union, but that historians have usually been more interested in the period of Manifest Destiny because that is when the Union was the most active in its attempts to take control of the island and integrate it to its territory. The aim of the present thesis is thus first to trace back the origins and the reasons of US interest in what was often called the Perl of Antilles. Then, it is to replace this expansionnism in a larger international context in order to show that this interest was motivated not only by the national expansionist ideology but also by a wider range of international actors, events and elements, among which slavery, slave trade and their abolition by Great Britain are central. The purpose is then to emphasize elements that were often ignored by US historiography and give a more prominent place to the role played by the Cubans in this expansionist movement. By using American, Cuban and British sources, travel accounts as well as diplomatic sources, it will nonetheless appear that this annexationist desire was a complex phenomenon, due to Americans1 ambiguous feelings, to be sure their increasing racism, towards their Hispanic neighbours. This dissertation then uses the concept of Atlantic history, and can be regarded as forming part of the transatlantic study of slavery, a paradigm that, since the early 1990s, has renewed research on slavery in the Americas. And through the use of various, multinational sources it seeks to give a more balanced and hopefully a more complete history of the period