Relevant bibliographies by topics / Permeance matrix

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Permeance matrix'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Permeance matrix"

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Nasir, Rizwan, Hilmi Mukhtar, Zakaria Man, Maizatul Shima Bt Shaharun, and Mohamad Zailani Abu Bakar. "Performance Enhancement of Mixed Matrix Membranes through the Incorporation of Alkanolamines for CO2/CH4 Separation." ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering 14, no. 2 (March 19, 2015): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ajche.49706.

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Diethanolamine (DEA) solution was used in this study to enhance the performance of polyethersulfone (PES) – carbon molecular sieve (CMS) mixed matrix membrane (MMMs). These new amine mixed matrix membranes (A3Ms) were fabricated at room temperature by using fixed concentration of PES, CMS and different concentrations (5, 10 wt. %) of DEA. The developed mixed matrix membranes were characterized by using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and thermogravimetric analyser (TGA) in order to investigate the effect of DEA addition on morphology and thermal stability. Gas performance tests were also performed to measure the permeance and selectivity. The characterization results showed that the membranes were thermally stable, dense and non-porous. The gas performance tests showed that the permeance and selectivity of A3Ms is higher than the native PES membrane. CO2 permeance increases with the increase of DEA concentration. Hence it was found that with an addition of 10% (wt. %) DEA at a pressure of 2 bars, the CO2 permeance was increased from 50.86 to 127.06 GPU and the CO2/CH4 selectivity was also increased from 3.08 to 12.30.
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Kim, So Young, Younghyun Cho, and Sang Wook Kang. "Correlation between Functional Group and Formation of Nanoparticles in PEBAX/Ag Salt/Al Salt Complexes for Olefin Separation." Polymers 12, no. 3 (March 17, 2020): 667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12030667.

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poly ether-block-amide (PEBAX)-2533/metal salt/Al salt membranes were prepared for mixed olefin/paraffin separation. PEBAX-2533 with 80% ether group and 20% amide group was suggested as the polymer matrix for comparison of separation performance according to the functional group ratio in copolymer PEBAX. In addition, Al salts were used to stabilize metal ions for a long time as additives. High permeance was expected with the proportion of high ether groups, since these functional groups provided relatively permeable regions. As a result, the PEBAX-2533 composite membrane showed a selectivity of 5 (propylene/propane) with 10 GPU. However, the permeance of membrane was not unexpectedly improved and the selectivity was reduced. The result was analyzed by using SEM, RAMAN and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The reduction in separation performance was determined by using FT-IR. Based on these results, in order to stabilize the metal ions interacting with the polymer through Al(NO3)3, it was concluded that a specific ratio of the amide group was needed in PEBAX as a polymer matrix.
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Li, Guoqiang, Wojciech Kujawski, Katarzyna Knozowska, and Joanna Kujawa. "Thin Film Mixed Matrix Hollow Fiber Membrane Fabricated by Incorporation of Amine Functionalized Metal-Organic Framework for CO2/N2 Separation." Materials 14, no. 12 (June 17, 2021): 3366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123366.

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Membrane separation technology can used to capture carbon dioxide from flue gas. However, plenty of research has been focused on the flat sheet mixed matrix membrane rather than the mixed matrix thin film hollow fiber membranes. In this work, mixed matrix thin film hollow fiber membranes were fabricated by incorporating amine functionalized UiO-66 nanoparticles into the Pebax® 2533 thin selective layer on the polypropylene (PP) hollow fiber supports via dip-coating process. The attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) mapping analysis, and thermal analysis (TGA-DTA) were used to characterize the synthesized UiO-66-NH2 nanoparticles. The morphology, surface chemistry, and the gas separation performance of the fabricated Pebax® 2533-UiO-66-NH2/PP mixed matrix thin film hollow fiber membranes were characterized by using SEM, ATR-FTIR, and gas permeance measurements, respectively. It was found that the surface morphology of the prepared membranes was influenced by the incorporation of UiO-66 nanoparticles. The CO2 permeance increased along with an increase of UiO-66 nanoparticles content in the prepared membranes, while the CO2/N2 ideal gas selectively firstly increased then decreased due to the aggregation of UiO-66 nanoparticles. The Pebax® 2533-UiO-66-NH2/PP mixed matrix thin film hollow fiber membranes containing 10 wt% UiO-66 nanoparticles exhibited the CO2 permeance of 26 GPU and CO2/N2 selectivity of 37.
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Zhu, Lifang, Hongwei Yu, Huijuan Zhang, Jiangnan Shen, Lixin Xue, Congjie Gao, and Bart van der Bruggen. "Mixed matrix membranes containing MIL-53(Al) for potential application in organic solvent nanofiltration." RSC Advances 5, no. 89 (2015): 73068–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra10259f.

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PMIA MMMs with various amounts of MIL-53(Al) were developed through non-solvent induced phase separation and the MMMs permeance was increased dramatically while keeping high rejections in organic solvent nanofiltration.
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Zhu, Haitao, Xingming Jie, and Yiming Cao. "Fabrication of Functionalized MOFs Incorporated Mixed Matrix Hollow Fiber Membrane for Gas Separation." Journal of Chemistry 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2548957.

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The metal-organic framework (MOFs) of MIL-53 was functionalized by aminosilane grafting and then incorporated into Ultem®1000 polymer matrix to fabricate mixed matrix hollow fiber membrane (MMHFM) with high separation performance. SEM, XRD, and TGA were performed to characterize the functionalized MIL-53 and prepared MMHFM. The filler particles were embedded in membrane successfully and dispersed well in the polymer matrix. The incorporation of MOFs endowed MMHFM better thermal stability. Moreover, effects of solvent ratio in spinning dope, spinning condition, and testing temperature on gas separation performance of MMHFM were investigated. By optimizing dope composition, air gap distance, and bore fluid composition, MMHFM containing functionalized MIL-53 achieved excellent gas permeance and CO2/N2selectivity. The CO2permeance increased from 12.2 GPU for pure Ultem HFM to 30.9 GPU and the ideal CO2/N2selectivity was enhanced from 25.4 to 34.7 simultaneously. Additionally, gas permeance increased but the selectivity decreased with the temperature increase, which followed the solution-diffusion based transport mechanism.
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Park, Cheol Hun, Jung Pyo Jung, Jae Hun Lee, and Jong Hak Kim. "Enhancement of CO2 permeance by incorporating CaCO3 in Mixed Matrix Membranes." Membrane Journal 28, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.14579/membrane_journal.2018.28.1.55.

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Nasir, Rizwan, Hilmi Mukhtar, Maizatul Shima Shaharun, and Zakaria Man. "Effect of Carbon Molecular Sieve (CMS) Concentration on Mixed Matrix Membranes (MMMs) Performance for Carbon Dioxide Removal." Applied Mechanics and Materials 754-755 (April 2015): 869–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.754-755.869.

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Different compositions of carbon molecular sieve (CMS) were incorporated in polyethersulfone (PES) matrix to fabricate mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) by solution casting method. The characterization was carried out using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis to investigate the morphology of membrane. FESEM images showed acceptable contacts between the filler particles and the polymer chains. The performance of the developed membrane is analyzed by single gas permeation measurement of high purity CO2 and CH4. Both CO2 permeance and CO2/CH4 selectivity increased with CMS loadings as compared to pure PES membrane. Experimental results showed that the highest value of CO2 permeance (66.71 GPU) and CO2/CH4 selectivity (10.94) can be achieved with 30 wt. % loading of CMS particles. This can be credited to size discrimination of CMS pores that falls between CO2 and CH4 kinetic diameters.
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Chakrabarty, Tina, Pradeep Neelakanda, and Klaus-Viktor Peinemann. "CO2 Selective, Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-7 Based Polymer Composite Mixed-Matrix Membranes." Journal of Materials Science Research 7, no. 3 (May 17, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jmsr.v7n3p1.

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CO2 removal is necessary to mitigate the effects of global warming but it is a challenging process to separate CO2 from natural gas, biogas, and other gas streams. Development of hybrid membranes by use of polymers and metal-organic framework (MOF) particles is a viable option to overcome this challenge. A ZIF-7 nano-filler that was synthesized in our lab was embedded into a designed polymer matrix at various loadings and the performance of the mixed matrix membranes was evaluated in terms of gas permeance and selectivity. Hybrid membranes with various loadings (20, 30 and 40 wt%) were developed and tested at room temperature by a custom made time lag equipment and a jump in selectivity was observed when compared with the pristine polymer. A commercially attractive region for the selectivity CO2 over CH4 was achieved with a selectivity of 39 for 40 wt% particle loading. An increase in selectivity was observed with the increase of ZIF-7 loadings. Best performance was seen at 40% ZIF-7 loaded membrane with an ideal selectivity of 39 for CO2 over CH4. The obtained selectivity was 105% higher for CO2 over CH4 than the selectivity of the pristine polymer with a slight decrease in permeance. Morphological characterization of such developed membranes showed an excellent compatibility between the polymer and particle adhesion.
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Lillepärg, Jelena, Evgeni Sperling, Marit Blanke, Martin Held, and Sergey Shishatskiy. "Multicomponent Network Formation in Selective Layer of Composite Membrane for CO2 Separation." Membranes 11, no. 3 (February 28, 2021): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11030174.

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As a promising material for CO2/N2 separation, PolyActiveTM can be used as a separation layer in thin-film composite membranes (TFCM). Prior studies focused on the modification of PolyActiveTM using low-molecular-weight additives. In this study, the effect of chemical crosslinking of reactive end-groups containing additives, forming networks within selective layers of the TFCM, has been studied. In order to understand the influence of a network embedded into a polymer matrix on the properties of the resulting materials, various characterization methods, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas transport measurements, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), were used. The characterization of the resulting membrane regarding individual gas permeances by an in-house built “pressure increase” facility revealed a twofold increase in CO2 permeance, with insignificant losses in CO2/N2 selectivity.
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Kim, Na Un, Byeong Ju Park, Jae Hun Lee, and Jong Hak Kim. "High-performance ultrathin mixed-matrix membranes based on an adhesive PGMA-co-POEM comb-like copolymer for CO2 capture." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, no. 24 (2019): 14723–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta02962a.

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High-performance membranes are prepared based on UiO-66-NH2 nanoparticles dispersed in an adhesive PGMA-co-POEM comb-like copolymer. The membranes show excellent separation performance (CO2 permeance of 1320 GPU and CO2/N2 selectivity of 30.8).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Permeance matrix"

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Hewitt, Andrew. "The effects of curvature on axial flux machine cores." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Engineering and Surveying, 2005. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00001437/.

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This work is an investigation into the curvature related potential for flux to flow in the radial direction in the back-iron of laminated axial flux machine cores. Analytical and numerical models are presented. Analysis based on these models has shown that, in practical axial flux machines, the radial component of the flux density can be neglected with respect to the flux density distribution in the core back-iron. It has also been found that if the core permeability, core conductivity and number of poles are sufficiently high then power loss due to curvature related cross-lamination flux is negligible compared to normal eddy current losses. A closed form expression to predict losses due to curvature related radial flux is also presented. This expression allows axial flux machine designers to make quick assessment of the need to consider these losses when designing axial flux machines.
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Haider, Bilal [Verfasser], Malte [Akademischer Betreuer] Kaspereit, and Malte [Gutachter] Kaspereit. "Design and Development for Highly Permeable Mixed Matrix Membranes (MMMs) for Gas Separation / Bilal Haider ; Gutachter: Malte Kaspereit ; Betreuer: Malte Kaspereit." Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2018. http://d-nb.info/1160444285/34.

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Book chapters on the topic "Permeance matrix"

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Peichl, Jonas, Andreas Schwab, Markus Selzer, Hannah Böhrk, and Jens von Wolfersdorf. "Innovative Cooling for Rocket Combustion Chambers." In Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, 51–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53847-7_3.

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Abstract Transpiration cooling in combination with permeable ceramic-matrix composite materials is an innovative cooling method for rocket engine combustion chambers, while providing high cooling efficiency as well as enhancing engine life time as demanded for future space transportation systems. In order to develop methods and tools for designing transpiration cooled systems, fundamental experimental investigations were performed. An experimental setup consisting of a serial arrangement of four porous carbon fiber reinforced carbon (C/C) samples is exposed to a hot gas flow. Perfused with cold air, the third sample is unperfused in order to assess the wake flow development over the uncooled sample as well as the rebuilding of the coolant layer. Hereby, the focus is on the temperature boundary layer, using a combined temperature/pitot probe. Additionally, the sample surface temperature distribution was measured using IR imaging. The experiments are supported by numerical simulations which are showing a good agreement with measurement data for low blowing ratios.
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Gao, Jinfang, and H. L. Xing. "High Performance Simulation of Complicated Fluid Flow in 3D Fractured Porous Media with Permeable Material Matrix Using LBM." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 93–104. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38718-0_12.

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Harris, E. L. V. "Concentration of the extract." In Protein Purification Techniques. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199636747.003.0010.

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A concentration step is frequently required after a clarified solution of the protein has been obtained, in order to aid subsequent purification steps. This is particularly important when the protein is obtained in culture medium from cells (e.g. bacteria or tissue culture cells). Concentration of the protein solution results in a decreased volume, as well as a higher protein concentration. Clearly a smaller volume of solution is easier to handle in subsequent steps, such as precipitation or loading onto a chromatography column. Higher protein concentration minimize protein losses by non-specific adsorption to container walls or column matrices. In addition many subsequent purification steps require a minimum protein concentration to be effective, for example, precipitation is more efficient at concentrations above 100 μg/ml, whilst for adsorption chromatography (e.g. ion exchange or affinity) the concentration of protein must be greater than the dissociation constant. Concentration is achieved by removal of water and other small molecules: (a) By addition of a dry matrix polymer with pores that are too small to allow entry of the large protein molecules (Section 2). (b) By removal of the small molecules through a semi-permeable membrane which will not allow the large molecules through (i.e. ultrafiltration, Section 3). (c) By removal of water in vacua (i.e. lyophilization, Section 4). Precipitation can also be used to concentrate proteins if the pellet is redissolved in a smaller volume, and in addition often results in some degree of purification of the protein of interest. However, as mentioned above precipitation is more effective if the total protein concentration is above 100 μg/ml (see Section 6). Two-phase aqueous extraction can also be used to concentrate the protein, with an associated degree of purification (see Section 7). This is one of the simplest and quickest methods of concentrating solutions of proteins, requiring minimal apparatus. A dry matrix polymer, such as Sephadex, is added to the protein solution and allowed to absorb the water and other small molecules; the pores within the matrix are too small to allow the protein to be absorbed.
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Meyer, H., G. Pusch, R. Weber, and J. Leitenbauer. "Modelling of the steady-state groundwater in a rock matrix intersected by permeable fracture zones." In Mechanics of Jointed and Faulted Rock, 643–50. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003078975-90.

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Pakhomov, Nikolai, Elena Nemykina, Aleksey Salanov, Vladislav Sadykov, Vladimir Romanenkov, Tatiana Pietiushyk, and Serguei Tikhov. "Porous Ceramic Matrix Al2O3/Al Composites as Supports and Precursors for Catalysts and Permeable Materials." In Metal, Ceramic and Polymeric Composites for Various Uses. InTech, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/19031.

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Tarantino, A., and L. Mongiovı. "A study of the efficiency of semi-permeable membranes in controlling soil matrix suction using the osmotic technique." In Unsaturated Soils for Asia, 303–8. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003078616-50.

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Ross, John, Igor Schreiber, and Marcel O. Vlad. "Experimental Test and Applications of Correlation Metric Construction." In Determination of Complex Reaction Mechanisms. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195178685.003.0010.

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In this chapter we present an experimental test case of the deduction of a reaction pathway and mechanism by means of correlation metric construction from time-series measurements of the concentrations of chemical species. We choose as the system an enzymatic reaction network, the initial steps of glycolysis. Glycolysis is central in intermediary metabolism and has a high degree of regulation. The reaction pathway has been well studied and thus it is a good test for the theory. Further, the reaction mechanism of this part of glycolysis has been modeled extensively. The quantity and precision of the measurements reported here are sufficient to determine the matrix of correlation functions and, from this, a reaction pathway that is qualitatively consistent with the reaction mechanism established previously. The existence of unmeasured species did not compromise the analysis. The quantity and precision of the data were not excessive, and thus we expect the method to be generally applicable. This CMC experiment was carried out in a continuous-flow stirred-tank reactor (CSTR). The reaction network considered consists of eight enzymes, which catalyze the conversion of glucose into dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde phosphate. The enzymes were confined to the reactor by an ultrafiltration membrane at the top of the reactor. The membrane was permeable to all low molecular weight species. The inputs are (1) a reaction buffer, which provides starting material for the reaction network to process, maintains pH and pMg, and contains any other species that act as constant constraints on the system dynamics, and (2) a set of “control species” (at least one), whose input concentrations are changed randomly every sampling period over the course of the experiment. The sampling period is chosen such that the system almost, but not quite, relaxes to a chosen nonequilibrium steady state. The system is kept near enough to its steady state to minimize trending (caused by the relaxation) in the time series, but far enough from the steady state that the time-lagged autocorrelation functions for each species decay to zero over three to five sampling periods. This long decay is necessary if temporal ordering in the network is to be analyzed.
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Magee, Patrick, and Mark Tooley. "Blood Gas Analysis." In The Physics, Clinical Measurement and Equipment of Anaesthetic Practice for the FRCA. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199595150.003.0021.

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A blood gas machine has electrodes to measure pH, pCO2 and pO2 and often measures Hb and some biochemistry as well [King et al. 2000]. Derived values from such a device include O2 saturation, O2 content, bicarbonate, base excess and total CO2. This is the Clarke electrode described in the previous section on gas analysers and is suitable for both respiratory and blood O2 analysis. A pH unit has been defined in Chapter 1 as. In words, this can be described as ‘the negative logarithm, to base ten, of the hydrogen ion concentration’. The physical principle on which the pH electrode is based depends on the fact that when a membrane separates two solutions of different [H+], a potential difference exists across the membrane. In a pH electrode, such a membrane is usually made of glass and the development of a potential difference between the two solutions is thought to be due to the migration of H+ into the glass matrix. If one solution consists of a standard [H+], the pH of the other solution can be estimated by measurement of the potential difference between them. The glass membrane used is selectively permeable to H+. No current flows in this device, which does not wear out, in contrast to the Clark electrode, in which current does flow and that does need periodic replacement. The pH measurement system is shown diagrammatically in Figure 17.1. It consists of two half cells. In one half it has an Ag/AgCl electrode and in the other a Hg/HgCl2 (calomel) electrode. Each electrode maintains a fixed electrical potential. The Ag/AgCl electrode is surrounded by a buffer solution of known pH, surrounded by the pH sensitive glass. Outside the glass membrane is the test solution, usually blood, whose pH is to be measured. It is the potential difference across the glass, between these two solutions, which is variable. The blood or other solution is separated from the calomel electrode by a porous plug and a potassium chloride salt bridge to minimise KCl diffusion. The potential difference across the system is about 60 mV per unit of pH change at 37◦C.
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"Main Characteristics of an Aquifer The main function of the aquifer is to provide underground storage for the retention and release of gravitational water. Aquifers can be characterized by indices that reflect their ability to recover moisture held in pores in the earth (only the large pores give up their water easily). These indices are related to the volume of exploitable water. Other aquifer characteristics include: • Effective porosity corresponds to the ratio of the volume of “gravitational” water at saturation, which is released under the effect of gravity, to the total volume of the medium containing this water. It generally varies between 0.1% and 30%. Effective porosity is a parameter determined in the laboratory or in the field. • Storage coefficient is the ratio of the water volume released or stored, per unit of area of the aquifer, to the corresponding variations in hydraulic head 'h. The storage coefficient is used to characterize the volume of useable water more precisely, and governs the storage of gravitational water in the reservoir voids. This coefficient is extremely low for confined groundwater; in fact, it represents the degree of the water compression. • Hydraulic conductivity at saturation relates to Darcy’s law and characterizes the effect of resistance to flow due to friction forces. These forces are a function of the characteristics of the soil matrix, and of the fluid viscosity. It is determined in the laboratory or directly in the field by a pumping test. • Transmissivity is the discharge of water that flows from an aquifer per unit width under the effect of a unit of hydraulic gradient. It is equal to the product of the saturation hydraulic conductivity and of the thickness (height) of the groundwater. • Diffusivity characterizes the speed of the aquifer response to a disturbance: (variations in the water level of a river or the groundwater, pumping). It is expressed by the ratio between the transmissivity and the storage coefficient. Effective and Fictitious Flow Velocity: Groundwater Discharge As we saw earlier in this chapter, water flow through permeable layers in saturated zones is governed by Darcy’s Law. The flow velocity is in reality the fictitious velocity of the water flowing through the total flow section. Bearing in mind that a section is not necessarily representative of the entire soil mass, Figure 7.7 illustrates how flow does not follow a straight path through a section; in fact, the water flows much more rapidly through the available pathways (the tortuosity effect). The groundwater discharge Q is the volume of water per unit of time that flows through a cross-section of aquifer under the effect of a given hydraulic gradient. The discharge of a groundwater aquifer through a specified soil section can be expressed by the equation:." In Hydrology, 229–30. CRC Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b10426-57.

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Conference papers on the topic "Permeance matrix"

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Cao, Dongqing, Ming Han, Amar Alshehri, and Abdulkareem AlSofi. "Study on Microsphere Injections in Permeable Carbonate and Sandstone Matrix." In SPE/IATMI Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/196558-ms.

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Zhang, Shiping, and Litang Yan. "Development of an Efficient Oil Film Damper for Improving the Control of Rotor Vibration." In ASME 1990 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/90-gt-257.

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An efficient oil film damper known as porous squeeze film damper (PSFD) was developed for more effective and reliable vibration control of high speed rotors based on the conventional squeeze film damper (SFD). The outer race of the PSFD is made of permeable sintered porous metal materials. The permeability allows some of the oil to permeate into and seep out the porous matix, with remarkebly improvement of the squeeze film damping properties. The characteristics of PSFD oil film stiffness and damping coefficients and permeability, also, the steady state unbalance response of a simple rigid rotor and flexible Jeffcott’s rotor supported on PSFD and SFD are investigated. A typical experiment is presented. Investigations show that the nonlinear vibration characteristis of the unpressurized SFD system such as bistable jump phenomena and “lockup” at rotor pin–pin critical speeds could be avoided and virtually disappear under much greater unbalance level with properly designed PSFD system. PSFD has the potential advantages to operate effectively under relative large unbalance conditions.
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Freeman, Eric, and Lisa Weiland. "Parametric Studies of a Coupled Transport/Hyperelastic Model for High Energy Density Nastic Materials." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-43072.

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The focus of this research is to optimize the performance of a high energy density active material based upon biological processes. This material uses controlled transport of charge and fluid across a selectively permeable membrane to achieve bulk deformation, similar to nastic movements in the plant kingdom. The membrane utilizes biological ion pumps, ion channels, and ion exchangers surrounding a spherical inclusion in a polymer matrix. This work examines the effect of the geometry of the inclusion and the surrounding matrix on the predictions of the model.
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de Lemos, Marcelo J. S. "Turbulent Flow in a Channel Containing a Moving Saturated Permeable Medium." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-67632.

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Moving beds are present in a number of engineering equipment. Their analyses contribute to improvement of many energy and material production processes. Here, transport equations for flow in a moving bed reactor are presented. Such device is modeled as a saturated porous matrix with a steady speed. Transport equations are time-and-volume averaged and additional form and viscous drags, due to the porous structure, are assumed to be a function of the relative velocity between phases. Turbulence equations reflect their dependence on the speed of the solid substrate. Results show the decay of turbulent kinetic energy levels as the solid speed approaches the speed of the moving fluid.
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Homison, Chris, and Lisa Mauck Weiland. "Coupled Transport/Hyperelastic Model for High Nastic Materials." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-79387.

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Work is underway to develop high energy density active materials based upon biological processes. These materials utilize the controlled transport of charge and fluid across a selectively-permeable membrane to achieve bulk deformation in a process referred to in the plant kingdom as nastic movements. The nastic material being developed consists of synthetic membranes containing biological ion pumps, ion channels, and ion exchangers surrounding fluid-filled cavities embedded within a polymer matrix. In this paper the formulation of a biological transport model and its coupling with a hyperelastic finite element model of the polymer matrix is discussed. The transport model includes contributions from ion pumps, ion exchangers, solvent flux, and ion channels. This work will form the basis for a feedback loop in material synthesis efforts. The goal of these studies is to determine the relative importance of the various parameters associated with both the polymer matrix and the biological transport components.
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Natsui, Greg, Roberto Claretti, Constantine Wolski, Mark Ricklick, and Jayanta S. Kapat. "Feasibility Study of Film Source Coupling Transpiration and a Row of Cylindrical Film Holes." In ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-70051.

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The present study assesses the performance of a film cooling source, composed of a segment of permeable wallinstalled near a row of cylindrical film holes. Coolant is introduced through both the permeable wall and the film holes resulting in a downstream film composed of both transpired and discretely injected coolant. The aerodynamic performance and cooling downstream of this coupled sourceare studied analytically, experimentally andnumerically. The sensitivity of transpiration blowing ratio, discrete hole blowing ratio, discrete hole pitch, transpiration slot width, and the relative positioning of the two sources on these global parameters of interest is the end result. The analytical results are used to get a basic understanding of the issue and design the test matrix for the numerical study. A range of design parameters are studied numerically in a Box-Behnken test matrix to yield global results which are then combined into one parameter, β. A second order response surface of the parameter βallows for a more complete understanding of the coupled source. This numerical analysis is compared with experimental results from two different coupled sources in order to assess the predictions. The results indicate that coupling of the two sources allows a more efficient use of coolant by generating a more uniform initial film. One coupled case in particular shows a 170% increase in cooling over the baseline cylindrical row, a 22% reduction in aerodynamic losses over the baseline transpiration source, all with a 51% reduction in mass flow as compared with the same cylindrical row baseline. Further study and optimization will allow this technique to provide more effective thermal protection at a lower cost of aerodynamic losses and spent coolant.
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7

Oraki Kohshour, I., and B. Habibnia. "Study of Fractures in a Permeable Rock Matrix using Two Phase Numerical Flow Model–Effect on Relative Permeability Curve." In Saint Petersburg 2010. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20145611.

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8

Ramiro-Ramirez, Sebastian, Peter B. Flemings, Athma R. Bhandari, and Oluwafemi Solomon Jimba. "Steady-State Liquid Permeability Measurements in Samples from the Bakken Formation, Williston Basin, USA." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206382-ms.

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Abstract We measured steady-state liquid (dodecane) permeability in four horizontal core plugs from the middle member of the Bakken Formation at multiple effective stress conditions to investigate how permeability evolves with confining stress and to infer the matrix permeability. Three of the four tested samples behaved almost perfectly elastically as the hysteresis effect was negligible. In contrast, the fourth sample showed a permeability decrease of ~40% at the end of the test program. Our interpretation is that the closure of open artificial micro-fractures initially present in the sample (based on micro-CT imaging) caused that permeability hysteresis. The matrix permeability to dodecane (oil) of the tested samples is between ~50 nD and ~520 nD at the confining pressure of 9500 psi. The 520 nD sample exhibited the lowest porosity, the highest calcite content, and the largest dominant pore throat radii. In contrast, the 50 nD sample was more porous, and exhibited the highest dolomite content and the smallest dominant pore throat radii. This study shows that our multi-stress testing protocol allows the study of the permeability hysteresis effect to interpret the matrix permeability. We also document the presence of middle Bakken lithologies with permeabilities up to one order of magnitude greater than others. These permeable lithologies may have a significant contribution to well production rates.
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O’Conor, Christopher J., Halei C. Benefield, Wolfgang Liedtke, and Farshid Guilak. "Osmotic or Chemical Activation of the TRPV4 Ion Channel Enhances the Development of Chondrocyte-Based Tissue Engineered Cartilage." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14042.

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Dynamic mechanical loading can enhance the formation of engineered cartilage, potentially through secondary biophysical effects such as changes in interstitial osmolarity. This study examined the effects of daily osmotic loading, as well as direct activation of the osmosensitive ion channel TRPV4, on the biochemical and functional properties of chondrocyte-laden cartilage constructs. Osmotic loading, as well as exposure to the TRPV4-specific agonist GSK1016790A, enhanced extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, and TRPV4 activation enhanced the functional properties of the constructs. This study implicates the Ca ++-permeable TRPV4 ion channel in the metabolic response of articular chondrocytes to osmotic and mechanical loading. Furthermore, these results suggest that targeting TRPV4, either directly with channel agonists, or indirectly via osmotic loading, may provide a novel strategy for enhancing tissue engineered cartilage construct maturation.
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Oraki, Iman, and Bahram Habibnia. "Study of Open Fractures in a Permeable Rock Matrix Using a Two Phase Numerical Flow Model and Its Effect from Production." In GEO 2010. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.248.385.

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