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Academic literature on the topic 'Permeable reactive barrier p'

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Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Permeable reactive barrier p"

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Summers, Robert, and David Weaver. "Phosphorus Retention of a Permeable Reactive Barrier Surpassed by an Unvegetated Artificial Pond." Environment and Natural Resources Research 11, no. 1 (December 11, 2021): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/enrr.v11n1p25.

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An artificial pond bisected by a phosphorus (P) retentive permeable reactive barrier (PRB) alongside Forrest Highway, Coolup, Western Australia was designed to remove P from farmland runoff. The pond bed was made of subsoil and road construction materials likely to have a relatively high P sorption capacity, and there was no vegetation in the bed of the pond. Flow through the pond was intercepted by the PRB, constructed from a mixture of sand, coarse crushed limestone, and bauxite residue (with 10% phospho-gypsum). The effectiveness of P removal and the impact of the PRB was measured by comparing the concentration of contaminants immediately either side of the PRB with established standards, and against background levels in runoff from surrounding farmland. Using coarse limestone to increase flow through the PRB failed where permeability was insufficient to avoid overtopping of the PRB and the wall had to be lowered to allow by-pass and avoid collapse. The PRB was effective in removing total P (TP); however, the influent TP concentration was low (mean 0.19 mg L -1 ) because most P entering from farmland was retained in the shallow pond upstream of the PRB. Despite this, TP removal by the PRB was 53% (2009–2012). Occasionally, in spring when the pond was stagnant and anaerobic, P was released from the PRB. This minor P release coincided with a minor release of iron, consistent with anaerobic conditions found in the PRB. Although not designed to do so, the shallow pond upstream of the PRB reduced the TP concentration from farmland by 85% (mean 1.26 mg L -1 down to 0.19 mg L -1 ), mainly by reducing filterable reactive P concentration. Some elements (arsenic, cobalt, conductivity, fluoride, manganese, molybdenum, pH, selenium, uranium and vanadium) were increased by flow through the PRB, but were low relative to surrounding waters and environmental standards
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Hyodo, Fuminori, Kai-Hsiang Chuang, Artem G. Goloshevsky, Agnieszka Sulima, Gary L. Griffiths, James B. Mitchell, Alan P. Koretsky, and Murali C. Krishna. "Brain Redox Imaging Using Blood—Brain Barrier-Permeable Nitroxide MRI Contrast Agent." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 28, no. 6 (February 13, 2008): 1165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2008.5.

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and compromised antioxidant defense may contribute to brain disorders such as stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, etc. Nitroxides are redox-sensitive paramagnetic contrast agents and antioxidants. The ability of a blood—brain barrier (BBB)-permeable nitroxide, methoxycarbonyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine-1-oxyl (MC-P), as a magnetic resonance-imaging (MRI) contrast agent for brain tissue redox imaging was tested. MC-P relaxation in rodent brain was quantified by MRI using a fast Look-Locker T1-mapping sequence. In the cerebral cortex and thalamus, the MRI signal intensity increased up to 50% after MC-P injection, but increased only by 2.7% when a BBB-impermeable nitroxide, 3CxP (3-carboxy-2,2,5,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine-1-oxyl) was used. The maximum concentrations in the thalamus and cerebral cortex after MC-P injection were calculated to be 1.9±0.35 and 3.0±0.50 mmol/L, respectively. These values were consistent with the ex vivo data of brain tissue and blood concentration obtained by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Also, reduction rates of MC-P were significantly decreased after reperfusion following transient MCAO (middle cerebral artery occlusion), a condition associated with changes in redox status resulting from oxidative damage. These results show the use of BBB-permeable nitroxides as MRI contrast agents and antioxidants to evaluate the role of ROS in neurologic diseases.
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Soto-Rios, Paula Cecilia, Kazunori Nakano, Megumu Fujibayashi, Marco Leon-Romero, and Osamu Nishimura. "Lead removal efficiency using biosorbents as alternative materials for permeable reactive barriers." Water Science and Technology 70, no. 2 (May 13, 2014): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2014.223.

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As alternative materials for heavy metal removal, this study investigated biosorbents to determine their suitability for permeable reactive barriers. The lead removal efficiencies of brown seaweed (Undaria pinnatifida) and reed (Phragmites australis) were determined under different conditions (batch and column system). The experimental results for these biomaterials fitted the Langmuir isotherm with high correlation values. It was verified that the influence of temperature on affinity was higher than that on adsorption capacity. While the lead removal efficiency of U. pinnatifida was higher than of P. australis in the batch experiments, lead removal efficiency decreased for both materials at approximately the same time in the column experiments. This indicates that the dominance of the chemical and physical adsorption mechanisms could result in differences in these systems.
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Bus, Agnieszka, Agnieszka Karczmarczyk, and Anna Baryła. "Permeable Reactive Barriers for Preventing Water Bodies from a Phosphorus-Polluted Agricultural Runoff-Column Experiment." Water 11, no. 3 (February 28, 2019): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11030432.

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This paper aims to examine the potential of permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) as an in-situ removal approach for phosphate polluted agricultural runoff. Four different reactive materials (RMs) of: autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC), Polonite®, zeolite and limestone were tested. The study was conducted as a column experiment with a sandy loam soil type charging underlying RM layers with phosphorus (P) and a soil column without RM as a reference. The experiment was carried out over 90 days. During this time the P-PO4 load from the reference column equaled 6.393 mg and corresponds to 3.87 kg/ha. Tested RMs are characterized by high P-PO4 retention equaling 99, 98, 88 and 65% for Polonite®, AAC, zeolite and limestone, respectively. At common annual P loss rates of 1 kg/ha from intensively used agricultural soils, the PRB volume ranged from 48 to 67 m3 would reduce the load between 65 and 99% for the RMs tested in this study.
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Choi, Jiyeon, Ardie Septian, and Won Sik Shin. "Influence of Salinity on the Removal of Ni and Zn by Phosphate-Intercalated Nano Montmorillonite (PINM)." Minerals 10, no. 11 (November 2, 2020): 980. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10110980.

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The salinity influence on the adsorptions of Ni and Zn onto phosphate-intercalated nano montmorillonite (PINM) were investigated. Single adsorption isotherm models fitted the single adsorption data well. The adsorption capacity of Ni was higher than that of Zn onto PINM at different salinities. The single adsorption parameters from Langmuir model (QmL and bL) were compared with the binary adsorption (QmL* and bL*). The QmL* of Zn was lower than that of Ni. The simultaneous presence of Ni and Zn decreased the adsorption capacities. The single and binary adsorptions onto PINM were affected by the salinity. The competitive Langmuir model (CLM), P-factor, Murali and Aylmore (M−A) models, and ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) were satisfactory in predicting the binary adsorption data; the CLM showed the best fitting results. Our results showed that the PINM can be used as an active Ni and Zn adsorbent for a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) in the remediation of saline groundwater.
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Choi, Jiyeon, Ardie Septian, and Won Sik Shin. "The Influence of Salinity on the Removal of Ni and Zn by Sorption onto Iron Oxide- and Manganese Oxide-Coated Sand." Sustainability 12, no. 14 (July 20, 2020): 5815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145815.

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The influence of salinity on the single and binary sorption of Ni and Zn onto iron oxide- and manganese oxide-coated sand (IOCS and MOCS) was investigated at pH = 5. The single sorption experimental data were fitted to Freundlich, Langmuir, Dubinin–Radushkevich, and Sips models, and a nonlinear sorption isotherm was observed (NF = 0.309–0.567). The higher Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area (ABET) and cation exchange capacity (CEC) of MOCS contributed to the higher maximum sorption capacities (qmL) of Ni and Zn than that of IOCS. The Ni sorption capacities in the single sorption were higher than that in the binary sorption, while the Zn sorption capacities in the single sorption were less than that in the binary sorption. The single and binary sorptions onto both IOCS and MOCS were affected by the salinity, as indicated by the decrease in sorption capacities. Satisfactory predictions were shown by the binary sorption model fitting including P-factor, ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST)–Freundlich, IAST–Langmuir, and IAST–Sips; among these, the P-factor model showed the best fitting results in predicting the influence of salinity of Ni and Zn in the binary sorption system onto IOCS and MOCS. IOCS and MOCS offer a sustainable reactive media in a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) for removing Ni and Zn in the presence of salinity.
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Murphy, Kelsey, Killian Llewellyn, Samuel Wakser, Josef Pontasch, Natasha Samanich, Matthew Flemer, Kenneth Hensley, Dong-Shik Kim, and Joshua Park. "Mini-GAGR, an intranasally applied polysaccharide, activates the neuronal Nrf2-mediated antioxidant defense system." Journal of Biological Chemistry 293, no. 47 (October 3, 2018): 18242–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.ra117.001245.

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Oxidative stress triggers and exacerbates neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Various antioxidants reduce oxidative stress, but these agents have little efficacy due to poor blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Additionally, single-modal antioxidants are easily overwhelmed by global oxidative stress. Activating nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NF-E2)-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream antioxidant system are considered very effective for reducing global oxidative stress. Thus far, only a few BBB-permeable agents activate the Nrf2-dependent antioxidant system. Here, we discovered a BBB-bypassing Nrf2-activating polysaccharide that may attenuate AD pathogenesis. Mini-GAGR, a 0.7-kDa cleavage product of low-acyl gellan gum, increased the levels and activities of Nrf2-dependent antioxidant enzymes, decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) under oxidative stress in mouse cortical neurons, and robustly protected mitochondria from oxidative insults. Moreover, mini-GAGR increased the nuclear localization and transcriptional activity of Nrf2 similarly to known Nrf2 activators. Mechanistically, mini-GAGR increased the dissociation of Nrf2 from its inhibitor, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), and induced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in a protein kinase C (PKC)- and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR1)-dependent manner. Finally, 20-day intranasal treatment of 3xTg-AD mice with 100 nmol of mini-GAGR increased nuclear p-Nrf2 and growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43) levels in hippocampal neurons, reduced p-tau and β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide–stained neurons, and improved memory. The BBB-bypassing Nrf2-activating polysaccharide reported here may be effective in reducing oxidative stress and neurodegeneration in AD.
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Schwarz, Alex O., and Bruce E. Rittmann. "The diffusion-active permeable reactive barrier." Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 112, no. 1-4 (March 2010): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2009.12.004.

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Thiruvenkatachari, R., S. Vigneswaran, and R. Naidu. "Permeable reactive barrier for groundwater remediation." Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 14, no. 2 (March 2008): 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2007.10.001.

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Banasiak, Laura Joan, Buddhima Indraratna, Glenys Lugg, Udeshini Pathirage, Geoff McIntosh, and Neil Rendell. "Permeable reactive barrier rejuvenation by alkaline wastewater." Environmental Geotechnics 2, no. 1 (February 2015): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/envgeo.13.00122.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Permeable reactive barrier p"

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Kirby, Daniel. "Hydrogeological study of a sequenced permeable reactive barrier." Thesis, Kirby, Daniel (2015) Hydrogeological study of a sequenced permeable reactive barrier. Other thesis, Murdoch University, 2015. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/28263/.

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A hydrogeological study of a sequenced permeable reactive barrier (PRB) was undertaken by environmental engineering student, Daniel Kirby, in fulfilment of the final year engineering thesis unit, ENG460 - Engineering Thesis, at Murdoch University, Perth, WA. The project was conducted in collaboration with Golder Associate. The study was conducted at contaminated site located in Bellevue, WA. In 2001 a large explosion and chemical fire occurred at a liquid waste treatment and recycling facility located at the site, in response to this contamination Golder Associates designed and installed a PRB treatment system in 2010. A permeable reactive barrier is a groundwater treatment design, which makes use of the natural groundwater flow to channel contaminants through an engineered in-situ treatment area. This treatment system was designed to consist of two different and separate barriers filled with two different reactive material. The first contains sawdust used to treat nitrates through the microbial process of denitrification. The second contains Zero Valent Iron (ZVI), a non-toxic granular material used to treat chlorinated solvents in the groundwater. The objective of this project was to study flow paths of the PRB at the contaminated site and identify potential for flow to bypass the PRB treatment system. Achieving this objective involved analysing groundwater level data from pressure transducers and previous historical monitoring rounds. In addition to the water level analysis, two tracer studies were conducted at two different locations at the site. The tracer studies involved using the organic dye fluorescein to further understand the flow paths of the site and to validate suspected flows that may bypass the PRB treatment system. The two tracer studies developed for use in this thesis were designed based on a literature review on relevant topics, and through liaising with academic staff at Murdoch University and the project manager at Golder Associates. The first tracer study aimed to validate contaminated flow that directly bypasses the ZVI barrier. The second tracer study, conducted at the centre of the PRB system, aimed to provide information on the lateral water movement and dispersivities through the PRB treatment system. The results of the groundwater level assessment identified areas that potential flow bypassing the treatment system could be present, the area of concern was identified to be the south-western portion of the PRB treatment system. The tracer study that was conducted within this area failed to validate the bypass, the source of this failure has been attributed to an error in the selection of the injection and monitoring wells. The second tracer study which was conducted at the centre of the PRB treatment system. The data obtained from the second study did not provide the ideal result as no significant tracer concentration was detection in the monitoring wells. A number of reasons for the lack of tracer detection have been discussed, including a lack of connectivity between injection and monitoring wells due to the presence of impermeable clay layers. It has been acknowledged that there is insufficient data collected during the study to accurately conclude on whether contaminated flow is bypassing the PRB treatment system.
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Abunada, Ziyad. "Innovative soil mix technology constructed permeable reactive barrier for groundwater remediation." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709154.

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Painter, Brett Duncan Murray. "Optimisation of permeable reactive barrier systems for the remediation of contaminated groundwater." Phd thesis, Lincoln University. Environment, Society and Design Division, 2005. http://theses.lincoln.ac.nz/public/adt-NZLIU20061220.151030/.

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Permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) are one of the leading technologies being developed in the search for alternatives to the pump-and-treat method for the remediation of contaminated groundwater. A new optimising design methodology is proposed to aid decision-makers in finding minimum cost PRB designs for remediation problems in the presence of input uncertainty. The unique aspects of the proposed methodology are considered to be: design enhancements to improve the hydraulic performance of PRB systems; elimination of a time-consuming simulation model by determination of approximating functions relating design variables and performance measures for fully penetrating PRB systems; a versatile, spreadsheet-based optimisation model that locates minimum cost PRB designs using Excel's standard non-linear solver; and the incorporation of realistic input variability and uncertainty into the optimisation process via sensitivity analysis, scenario analysis and factorial analysis. The design methodology is developed in the context of the remediation of nitrate contamination due to current concerns with nitrate in New Zealand. Three-dimensional computer modelling identified significant variation in capture and residence time, caused by up-gradient funnels and/or a gate hydraulic conductivity that is significantly different from the surrounding aquifer. The unique design enhancements to control this variation are considered to be the customised down-gradient gate face and emplacement of funnels and side walls deeper than the gate. The use of velocity equalisation walls and manipulation of a PRB's hydraulic conductivity within certain bounds were also found to provide some control over variation in capture and residence time. Accurate functional relationships between PRB design variables and PRB performance measures were shown to be achievable for fully penetrating systems. The chosen design variables were gate length, gate width, funnel width and the reactive material proportion. The chosen performance measures were edge residence, centreline residence and capture width. A method for laboratory characterisation of reactive and non-reactive material combinations was shown to produce data points that could realistically be part of smooth polynomial interpolation functions. The use of smooth approximating functions to characterise PRB inputs and determine PRB performance enabled the creation of an efficient spreadsheet model that ran more quickly and accurately with Excel's standard non-linear solver than with the LGO global solver or Evolver genetic-algorithm based solver. The PRB optimisation model will run on a standard computer and only takes a couple of minutes per optimisation run. Significant variation is expected in inputs to PRB design, particularly in aquifer and plume characteristics. Not all of this variation is quantifiable without significant expenditure. Stochastic models that include parameter variability have historically been difficult to apply to realistic remediation design due to their size and complexity. Scenario and factorial analysis are proposed as an efficient alternative for quantifying the effects of input variability on optimal PRB design. Scenario analysis is especially recommended when high quality input information is available and variation is not expected in many input parameters. Factorial analysis is recommended for most other situations as it separates out the effects of multiple input parameters at multiple levels without an excessive number of experimental runs.
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Painter, Brett D. M. "Optimisation of permeable reactive barrier systems for the remediation of contaminated groundwater." Diss., Lincoln University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/12.

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Permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) are one of the leading technologies being developed in the search for alternatives to the pump-and-treat method for the remediation of contaminated groundwater. A new optimising design methodology is proposed to aid decision-makers in finding minimum cost PRB designs for remediation problems in the presence of input uncertainty. The unique aspects of the proposed methodology are considered to be: design enhancements to improve the hydraulic performance of PRB systems; elimination of a time-consuming simulation model by determination of approximating functions relating design variables and performance measures for fully penetrating PRB systems; a versatile, spreadsheet-based optimisation model that locates minimum cost PRB designs using Excel's standard non-linear solver; and the incorporation of realistic input variability and uncertainty into the optimisation process via sensitivity analysis, scenario analysis and factorial analysis. The design methodology is developed in the context of the remediation of nitrate contamination due to current concerns with nitrate in New Zealand. Three-dimensional computer modelling identified significant variation in capture and residence time, caused by up-gradient funnels and/or a gate hydraulic conductivity that is significantly different from the surrounding aquifer. The unique design enhancements to control this variation are considered to be the customised down-gradient gate face and emplacement of funnels and side walls deeper than the gate. The use of velocity equalisation walls and manipulation of a PRB's hydraulic conductivity within certain bounds were also found to provide some control over variation in capture and residence time. Accurate functional relationships between PRB design variables and PRB performance measures were shown to be achievable for fully penetrating systems. The chosen design variables were gate length, gate width, funnel width and the reactive material proportion. The chosen performance measures were edge residence, centreline residence and capture width. A method for laboratory characterisation of reactive and non-reactive material combinations was shown to produce data points that could realistically be part of smooth polynomial interpolation functions. The use of smooth approximating functions to characterise PRB inputs and determine PRB performance enabled the creation of an efficient spreadsheet model that ran more quickly and accurately with Excel's standard non-linear solver than with the LGO global solver or Evolver genetic-algorithm based solver. The PRB optimisation model will run on a standard computer and only takes a couple of minutes per optimisation run. Significant variation is expected in inputs to PRB design, particularly in aquifer and plume characteristics. Not all of this variation is quantifiable without significant expenditure. Stochastic models that include parameter variability have historically been difficult to apply to realistic remediation design due to their size and complexity. Scenario and factorial analysis are proposed as an efficient alternative for quantifying the effects of input variability on optimal PRB design. Scenario analysis is especially recommended when high quality input information is available and variation is not expected in many input parameters. Factorial analysis is recommended for most other situations as it separates out the effects of multiple input parameters at multiple levels without an excessive number of experimental runs.
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Bulley, Jonathan A. "Improving performance of a permeable reactive barrier in the degradation of trichloroethylene using ultrasound." FIU Digital Commons, 2004. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1820.

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The impact of ultrasound on improving the performance of a granular iron Permeable Reactive Barrier (PRB) in the degradation of Trichloroethylene (TCE) was evaluated. Two treatment columns made of clear Plexiglas with a height of 1ft and a diameter of 2 inches and filled with granular iron were used. One was fitted with 25Khz ultrasound probes. A solution of TCE was run through at constant flow rate. Samples obtained from the column at different residence times before and after sonication were analyzed for concentrations of TCE and used to generate concentration profiles to obtain rate constants, which were compared. An improvement of 23.4% in the reaction rate of TCE degradation was observed after sonication of the iron media suggesting that ultrasound may contribute to improving the performance of PRBs in the degradation of TCE in contaminated groundwater.
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Shukla, Pradeep. "Combined adsorption and oxidation technique for waste water treatment: potential application in permeable reactive barrier." Thesis, Curtin University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/212.

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This dissertation explores a combined adsorption and advanced oxidation technology for trapping and destruction of organic pollutants in waste water. The adsorbed/immobilized pollutant onto the surface of metal supported catalyst is oxidized via advanced oxidation technology. The advanced oxidation process is carried out using Co[superscript]2+/KHSO[subscript]5 (Cobalt/peroxymonosulphate) reagent to generate highly active sulphate radical (SO[subscript]4*), which can readily attack and oxidize the organic pollutants in waste water. The reaction mechanism of Co[superscript]2+/KHSO[subscript]5 reagent follows similarly to the Fenton reagent (Fe[superscript]2+/H[subscript]2O[subscript]2) which is used to generate hydroxyl radical (OH*). Co[superscript]2+/KHSO[subscript]5 reagent has been successfully utilized for bleaching applications and oxidation of organic contaminants. Compared to hydroxyl radical, the sulphate radical is highly potent to oxidize contaminants even at basic pH. However the biggest disadvantage of using Co[superscript]2+/KHSO[subscript]5 reagent is the dissolution of Co[superscript]2+ ion into the water which poses a severe environmental hazard. In the current study, cobalt ion is incorporated into supporting media and utilized for advanced oxidation.Very few studies have so far explored the heterogeneous oxidation technology based on Co[superscript]2+/KHSO[subscript]5 for the treatment of organic contaminants in water. With this research focus, various support media have been utilized to load cobalt ions, which included Zeolite A, Zeolite X, ZSM-5, SBA-15, Silica and Activated Carbon. Cobalt metal was incorporated into commercial Zeolites by ion exchange technique whereas in-situ cobalt loading was carried out during the synthesis of SBA-15. Cobalt loading was done into Silica and Activated Carbon by conventional impregnation technique. The choice of cobalt loading technique inherently determines the oxidation state of cobalt species loaded into the sample which in turn determines the oxidation efficiency. Furthermore, the choice of cobalt precursor significantly affects the metal-support bonding which has been investigated by loading on silica support with different types of cobalt precursor such as cobalt chloride, cobalt acetate and cobalt nitrate. Many of these supports such as Zeolite ZSM-5 and Activated Carbon have never been tested before for cobalt loading and oxidation via sulphate based oxidant and demonstrate efficient oxidation of phenolic pollutants.The investigation of organic oxidation using sulphate based oxidants was further extended into photocatalytic reactions. Photo degradation was carried out using artificial solar light and germicidal UV radiation in the presence of ZnO and oxidants such as peroxymonosulphate, peroxidisulphate and hydrogen peroxide. The comparison of photochemical and photocatalytic oxidation was carried out and their synergy of combination was explored.The thesis provides a thorough exploration of heterogeneous oxidation via sulphate based oxidant for the treatment of organic pollutants. The supported catalysts investigated here can be further improved and utilized as a PRB media for groundwater remediation. A final chapter discusses about the mathematical modeling of a column test to mimic a lab scale PRB in order to investigate the process parameters affecting the PRB design. The column modeling also directs towards a development of a novel “Reactive Adsorber” for the treatment of industrial waste by combined adsorption and oxidation.
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Ulsamer, Signe Martha. "A Model to Characterize the Kinetics of Dechlorination of Tetrachloroethylene and trichloroethylene By a Zero Valent Iron Permeable Reactive Barrier." Digital WPI, 2011. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/979.

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"A one dimensional, multiple reaction pathway model of the dechlorination reactions of trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (PCE) as these species pass through a zero valent iron permeable reactive barrier (PRB) was produced. Three different types of rate equations were tested; first order, surface controlled with interspecies competition, and surface controlled with inter and intra species competition. The first order rate equations predicted the most accurate results when compared to actual data from permeable reactive barriers. Sensitivity analysis shows that the most important variable in determining TCE concentration in the barrier is the first order rate constant for the degradation of TCE. The velocity of the water through the barrier is the second most important variable determining TCE concentration. For PCE the concentration in the barrier is most sensitive to the velocity of the water and to the first order degradation rate constant for the PCE to dichloroacetylene reaction. Overall, zero valent iron barriers are more effective for the treatment of TCE than PCE. "
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Luo, Ping. "Quantification of morphological changes in zero valent iron (ZVI) : effect on permeable reactive barrier (PRB) longevity." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.503921.

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Permeable Reactive Barriers (PRBs) have been used world-wide to remediate chlorinated solvents, metals and radionuclides from contaminated groundwater by precipitation, sorption, ion exchange and biodegradation in the last two ;ades. There is still however limited information regarding the formation of byproducts and subsequent pore clogging with respect to attaining the predicted, significant life spans (>50 years), even on the most popular PRE materials such as ZVI. This project aimed to visually examine and quantify morphological :hanges on ZVI barriers and subsequently to quantify the PRE longevity due to the occlusions.
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Doherty, R. D. "Modelling of a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) in a manufactured gas plant site, Portadown, Northern Ireland." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269086.

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McGeough, K. L. "Kinetics of contaminant removal : a comparative study of site specific treatability studies for permeable reactive barrier design." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426659.

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Books on the topic "Permeable reactive barrier p"

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M, Powell Robert, United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Technology Innovation Office., and National Risk Management Research Laboratory (U.S.), eds. Permeable reactive barrier technologies for contaminant remediation. Washington, DC: Technical Information Office, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1998.

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Wilkin, Richard T. Field application of a permeable reactive barrier for treatment of arsenic in ground water. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 2008.

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Wilkin, Richard T. Field application of a permeable reactive barrier for treatment of arsenic in ground water. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 2008.

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T, Wilkin Richard, and National Risk Management Research Laboratory (U.S.), eds. Field application of a permeable reactive barrier for treatment of arsenic in ground water. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 2008.

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1956-, Blowes David W., and National Risk Management Research Laboratory (U.S.). Subsurface Protection and Remediation Division, eds. An in-situ permeable reactive barrier for the treatment of hexavalent chromium and trichloroethylene in ground water. Ada, OK: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, 1999.

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1956-, Blowes David W., and National Risk Management Research Laboratory (U.S.). Subsurface Protection and Remediation Division, eds. An in-situ permeable reactive barrier for the treatment of hexavalent chromium and trichloroethylene in ground water. Ada, OK: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, 1999.

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1956-, Blowes David W., and National Risk Management Research Laboratory (U.S.). Subsurface Protection and Remediation Division, eds. An in-situ permeable reactive barrier for the treatment of hexavalent chromium and trichloroethylene in ground water. Ada, OK: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, 1999.

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1956-, Blowes David W., and National Risk Management Research Laboratory (U.S.). Subsurface Protection and Remediation Division., eds. An in-situ permeable reactive barrier for the treatment of hexavalent chromium and trichloroethylene in ground water. Ada, OK: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, 1999.

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Johnson, B. D. The potential of permeable reactive barrier (PRB) technology as a remediation tool for contaminated mine groundwater: Literature review, preliminary laboratory analysis & assessment. Gezina, South Africa: Water Research Commission, 2005.

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United States. Environmental Protection Agency, ed. AN IN SITU PERMEABLE REACTIVE BARRIER FOR THE TREATMENT OF HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM AND..., EPA/600/R-99/095A... U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AG. [S.l: s.n., 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Permeable reactive barrier p"

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Venkatesan, G., M. Renganathan, and L. Kavin Raj. "Performance of Permeable Reactive Barrier by Using Rubber Particles." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 375–81. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6774-0_36.

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Niven, Robert K. "In Situ Fluidization for Permeable Reactive Barrier Installation and Maintenance." In ACS Symposium Series, 217–35. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2002-0837.ch015.

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Rahman, A., and Anurag. "Numerical Modeling of Contaminant Transformation in a Permeable Reactive Barrier." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 475–85. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5547-0_43.

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Thakur, Alok Kumar, and Manish Kumar. "Reappraisal of Permeable Reactive Barrier as a Sustainable Groundwater Remediation Technology." In Contaminants in Drinking and Wastewater Sources, 179–207. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4599-3_8.

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Hoppe, Jutta, David Lee, Sung-Wook Jeen, and David Blowes. "Longevity Estimates for a Permeable Reactive Barrier System Remediating a 90Sr Plume." In Uranium - Past and Future Challenges, 537–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11059-2_61.

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Puls, Robert W., Robert M. Powell, Cynthia J. Paul, and David Blowes. "Groundwater Remediation of Chromium Using Zero-Valent Iron in a Permeable Reactive Barrier." In ACS Symposium Series, 182–94. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1999-0725.ch013.

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Lo, Irene M. C., Keith C. K. Lai, and Rao Surampalli. "Design Methodology for the Application of a Permeable Reactive Barrier for Groundwater Remediation." In Zero-Valent Iron Reactive Materials for Hazardous Waste and Inorganics Removal, 243–66. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784408810.ch14.

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Singh, Rahul, Sumedha Chakma, and Volker Birke. "Long-Term Performance Evaluation of Permeable Reactive Barrier for Groundwater Remediation Using Visual MODFLOW." In Environmental Processes and Management, 311–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38152-3_16.

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Sorel, Dominique, Scott D. Warner, Bettina L. Longino, Jim H. Honniball, and Lisa A. Hamilton. "Performance Monitoring and Dissolved Hydrogen Measurements at a Permeable Zero Valent Iron Reactive Barrier." In ACS Symposium Series, 278–85. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2002-0837.ch018.

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Csővári, M., G. Földing, J. Csicsák, and É. Frucht. "Experience gained from the experimental permeable reactive barrier installed on the former uranium mining site." In Uranium, Mining and Hydrogeology, 133–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87746-2_20.

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Conference papers on the topic "Permeable reactive barrier p"

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Slater, Lee, Joe Baker, Andrew Binley, Danney Glaser, and Isaiah Utne. "Electrical Imaging of Permeable Reactive Barrier (PRB) Integrity." In Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2002. Environment and Engineering Geophysical Society, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4133/1.2927095.

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Slater, Lee, Joe Baker, Andrew Binley, Danney Glaser, and Isaiah Utne. "Electrical Imaging Of Permeable Reactive Barrier (Prb) Integrity." In 15th EEGS Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.191.13esc3.

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MATHURA, SHASHI, and PRATIKSHA PANDEYB. "OPTIMAL DESIGN OF IN-SITU PERMEABLE REACTIVE BARRIER." In WATER AND SOCIETY 2017. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ws170241.

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Pathirage, Udeshini, and Buddhima Indraratna. "A Permeable Reactive Barrier Installed in Acid Sulfate Soil Terrain." In Geo-Chicago 2016. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480144.031.

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Varner, Thomas, Harshad Vijay Kulkarni, M. Bayani Cardenas, Peter S. K. Knappett, Mesbah U. Bhuiyan, Kazi M. Ahmed, Abu Saeed Arman, Syed Humayun Akhter, and Saugata Datta. "SEDIMENTOLOGICAL CONTROLS ON ARSENIC MOBILIZATION IN A PERMEABLE NATURAL REACTIVE BARRIER (PNRB)." In GSA 2020 Connects Online. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020am-358079.

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Mallants, Dirk, Hugo Moors, Lian Wang, Norbert Maes, Hildegarde Vandenhove, Ludo Diels, Leen Bastiaens, and Johan Vos. "Testing Permeable Reactive Barrier Media for Remediation of Uranium Plumes in Groundwater." In ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1263.

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Abstract:
Abstract In-situ treatment of contaminated groundwater by means of permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) is becoming a cost-effective remediation technique. Various reactive materials that might be used in PRBs were tested in their ability to remove uranium from groundwater. Materials tested include ferric oxyhydroxides, coarse- and fine-grained zero-valent iron, aluminium-iron oxides, and zeolites. Batch tests were used to evaluate the removal efficiency of these materials. To analyse the effect of groundwater composition on the interaction between dissolved uranium and reactive materials, two types of groundwater were used, mainly differing in carbonate content and pH. Considering an equilibration time of 48 hours and initial uranium concentrations between 2.4 and 24 mg/1, finegrained zero-valent iron proved to be most effective with a uranium removal efficiency of more than 96% for carbon-rich groundwater and 99% for carbon-poor groundwater. Intermediate efficiency was observed for coarsegrained zero-valent iron and aluminium-iron oxides. Less than 10% of the dissolved uranium was adsorbed on the iron oxyhydroxides. Zeolites did not remove any uranium from solution. Results further indicated a positive correlation between dissolved inorganic carbon content and dissolved uranium at equilibrium. Because it can be easily obtained at a fairly low price, zero-valent iron is a promising material for use in PRBs.
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Shang, Hong, Sadra Javadi, and Qian Zhao. "Organic Surfactant Modified Zeolite as a Permeable Reactive Barrier Component—A Laboratory Study." In Geotechnical Frontiers 2017. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480434.048.

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Metz, Stacy E., and Craig H. Benson. "Iron Foundry Slags as Permeable Reactive Barrier Materials for Removing Arsenic from Groundwater." In Geo-Denver 2007. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40907(226)8.

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Varner, Tom, Harshad Kulkarni, M. Bayani Cardenas, Peter Knappett, Mesbah Uddin Bhuiyan, Kazi Ahmed, William Nguyen, Syed Ahkter, Saugata Datta, and Kyungwon Kwak. "Geochemical controls on arsenic mobilization in a potential permeable natural reactive barrier (PNRB)." In Goldschmidt2021. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2021.3623.

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Kornilovych, B., L. Spasonova, I. Kovalchuk, and Y. Koshyk. "DEVELOPMENT A PERMEABLE REACTIVE BARRIER FOR IMPROVEMENT OF ECOLOGY STATUS OF ZHOVTY VODY CITY." In Monitoring 2019. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201903174.

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Reports on the topic "Permeable reactive barrier p"

1

Strevett, Keith A., and M. S. Shaheed. Microbial Characteristics of a Reactive Permeable Barrier. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada388008.

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LaBrecque, D. J., and P. L. Adkins. Automated Impedance Tomography for Monitoring Permeable Reactive Barrier Health. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/958215.

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Phifer, M. A. Dexou low pH plume baseline permeable reactive barrier options. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/757359.

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Ramirez, A., and W. Daily. Electrical Resistivity Modeling of a Permeable Reactive Barrier for Vista Engineering Technologies: Summary. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15009750.

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Gavaskar, A., W. S. Yoon, J. Sminchak, B. Sass, N. Gupta, J. Hicks, and V. Lal. Long Term Performance Assessment of a Permeable Reactive Barrier at Former Naval AITR Station Moffett Field. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada446918.

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DWYER, BRIAN P. Evaluation of a permeable reactive barrier technology for use at Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site (RFETS). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/750882.

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Gavaskar, Arun, Neeraj Gupta, Bruce Sass, Woong-Sang Yoon, and Robert Janosy. Design, Construction, and Monitoring of the Permeable Reactive Barrier in Area 5 at Dover Air Force Base. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada380005.

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Slater, Lee, and Jaeyoung Choi. Investigating the potential for long-term permeable reactive barrier (PRB) monitoring from the electrical signatures associated with the reduction in reactive iron performance. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/838629.

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Slater, Lee. Investigating the Potential for Long-Term Permeable Reactive Barrier (PRB) Monitoring from the Electrical Signatures Associated with the Reduction in Reactive Iron Performance. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/838635.

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Slater, Lee. Investigating the potential for long-term permeable reactive barrier (PRB) monitoring from the electrical signatures associated with the reduction in reactive iron performance. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/838636.

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