Journal articles: 'Permeable facade'

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Ibe, Ekaterina, Galina Shibaeva, Svyatoslav Mironov, and Danil Litvin. "Problems of thermal protection of two-layer external walls with hinged facade systems." E3S Web of Conferences 263 (2021): 02013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126302013.

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Currently, in the Republic of Khakassia, much attention is paid to research aimed at reducing air pollution due to fuel combustion. In this aspect, the issue of increasing the energy efficiency of buildings is relevant. The use of ventilated facade systems with an air gap makes it possible to improve the energy efficiency class of buildings and modernize the facades. However, these facade systems have weak points that require detailed and high-quality study. Often, design solutions are used that are used in warm climates without taking into account the peculiarities of a cold climate - frequent changes in temperature, humidity, wind loads, and other influences, which can lead to negative manifestations. Facade systems with a ventilated air gap must provide the ability to monitor the operability of all system elements and, if necessary, carry out repair and reconstruction work with minimal operating costs. The article presents an analysis of the thermal properties of an external fence using a hinged facade structure. The influence of installation defects and heat-conducting inclusions on the heat-shielding properties of the building envelope is shown. It was determined that during operation the moisture-windproof membrane loses its vapor-permeable properties.

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Pomaranzi, Giulia, Ombretta Bistoni, Paolo Schito, Lorenzo Rosa, and Alberto Zasso. "Wind Effects on a Permeable Double Skin Façade, the ENI Head Office Case Study." Fluids 6, no. 11 (November 16, 2021): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids6110415.

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Currently, the energy and environmental efficiency of buildings has led to the development of cladding systems that may help to reduce the structure’s energy demand, using techniques such as the Permeable Double Skin Façade (PDSF). Given complex aerodynamic interactions, the presence of an external porous screen in addition to an inner skin may play a crucial role in the fluid-dynamic characterization of such buildings, making the definition of wind effects very complex. A new methodology for the quantitative assessment of the impact of wind-loading conditions on this particular type of cladding is presented. It is based on a combined experimental–numerical approach, essentially based on wind-tunnel tests on a rigid scale model and computational fluid dynamic simulations. A case study is proposed as an application of this methodology. Results include the design pressure values for the inner glazed façade and the permeable facade. An estimation of the flow rate across the porous skin is quantified using the numerical model.

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Torres-Ramo, Joaquín, Purificación González-Martínez, Nerea Arriazu-Ramos, and Ana Sánchez-Ostiz. "Influence of the Water Vapour Permeability of Airtight Sheets on the Behaviour of Facade." Sustainability 12, no. 24 (December 15, 2020): 10480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410480.

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The air-tightness of the thermal envelope of buildings is one of the measures to reduce their energy demands in order to achieve global warming reduction targets. To this end, airtight sheets with different water vapour permeability characteristics are used. The different products studied are highly dispersed in terms of equivalent air thickness values, leading to confusion. After the analysis carried out, it is concluded that all airtight sheets are vapour barriers. To clarify whether or not these sheets are necessary as vapour barriers, a condensation analysis was carried out on 13 different facades for 3 climate zones with severe winters as defined in Spanish regulations. The results reveal that interstitial condensation occurs in only 7 of the 39 case studies, with the traditional facades of brickwork with render causing the greatest problems if the appropriate products are not used. In these cases, airtight sheets with water vapour barrier characteristics must be applied on the interior face of the insulating material. In all other cases (32), the airtight sheets must be permeable to water vapour if it is looked for a more breathable wall to water vapour and a better control of the interior humidity conditions.

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Lavtižar, Kristijan. "Fundamentals of Natural Ventilation in Buildings." Igra ustvarjalnosti - Creativy Game 2020, no. 08 (November 11, 2020): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15292/iu-cg.2020.08.020-027.

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When environmental factors, such as the microclimate, in-depth knowledge is important in understanding spatial issues related to health. We spend most of the day indoors, so ventilation conditions are especially important, given their impact on our well-being, satisfaction, productivity, and health. The purpose of this article is to present an overview of modern methods of ventilation of individual indoor spaces with special attention paid to natural ventilation. The key questions raised for this purpose are: What systems are in use today, what are their shortcomings and the challenges that we face, how had the problem of ventilation been addressed in the past, and how can traditional knowledge be applied in modern architecture? To be able to answer this, clear physical laws must be defined. The article presents the standard methods of ventilation of buildings around the world and gives suggestions for their use in the design of quality and sustainably designed open and closed spaces (buildings and their indoor spaces). Examples of the use of natural ventilation and samples of combining established ventilation principles, considering the legality of microclimatic factors, with modern technologies of mechanical ventilation and permeable facade systems are collected. The core of the article refers to the question: What are the possibilities for the ventilation of buildings that ensure the appropriate indoor air quality while simultaneously allowing for the ambient integration with the natural environment?

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A, Smaliychuk, Berkela K, and Dzyhalenko A. "ESTHETIC AND FORM CREATION PROBLEM OF SUMMER SPACES." Vìsnik Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu "Lʹvìvsʹka polìtehnìka". Serìâ Arhìtektura 3, no. 2 (November 20, 2021): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/sa2021.02.094.

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A lot of mass media write about the summer spaces aesthetics problem. The articles, notes, posts, blogs and other content are dedicated primarily to the experience of housing exploitation. However, architects, urban planners and other professionals determine the problem rather rarely. Summer spaces, first of all, balconies, loggias and terraces are important as functionally as aesthetically for the creation of comfortable, modern and visually expressive housing. Architects must provide both functional and aesthetic solutions, knowing that homeowners can change their designs. You must use the best domestic and foreign experience to prevent the unwanted changes which are analyzed in this article. Without this, balconies and loggias will be glazed by either the developer, which significantly worsens the aesthetics of the facade or residents, which makes the worst solution. First of all, summer spaces must have the appropriate proportions and engineering supplies. Balconies and loggias must have artificial lighting and electricity supply, they can also be equipped with water supply rain sewer, heating and cooling systems. With maximum equipment, summer spaces can play the role of a summer living room or a multifunctional space. In hot weather, balconies and loggias can even be used as a bedroom, which is important due to global warming. In addition to engineering supply it is necessary to provide some spatial standards: minimum width not less than 1.6 m with a length less than 3.5 m, 1.8 m for 3,5 -4,5 m length, and 2m for more than 4.5m. The area of balconies and loggias should be 4 -12 m2. Summer spaces fencing should not reduce sunlight and daylight in the rooms - so the glass or vertical metal handrails are the best solutions. It is also advisable to combine deaf parts with visually permeable. To implement these proposals, it is necessary to make legislative changes in summer spaces standards. Increasing of housing culture level and informing about the best and sustainable examples is also important. Balconies and loggias in existing housing can be dismantled and replaced with more functional ones through a comprehensive renovation program. The option of individual reconstruction is not appropriate.

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Gerhardt, H. J., and F. Janser. "Wind loads on wind permeable facades." Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 53, no. 1-2 (November 1994): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(94)90017-5.

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Wang, Xingxing, Yun Zhang, Shan Jiang, Xiaobo Ji, Yong Liu, and Craig E. Banks. "Cubic Copper Hexacyanoferrates Nanoparticles: Facile Template-Free Deposition and Electrocatalytic Sensing Towards Hydrazine." International Journal of Electrochemistry 2011 (2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/395724.

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Cubic copper hexacyanoferrate (CuHCF) nanoparticles prepared via electrolytic deposition are presented with their morphology and crystalline structure characterized with SEM and XRD. The advantage of this methodology is that it allows the fabrication of uniform cubic nanoparticles with permeable structures onto the desired underlying electrode substrate. It was observed that the CuHCF film acts as a permeable membrane for cations such as K+, Na+, Li+, and with a selection order of K+Li+Na+. Furthermore, the analytical utility of these cubic-like CuHCF morphologies supported on a glassy carbon electrode was evaluated towards the electrochemical oxidation of hydrazine which was found to exhibit a linear response over the range 66 M to 17 mM with a detection limit corresponding to 16.5 M.

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Brzezicki, Marcin. "The architectural design of light-permeable facades – a summary of recent trends and observations." Czasopismo Techniczne, no. 12 (December 20, 2019): 5–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/2353737xct.19.120.11445.

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Zhang, Lianshan, Troy R. Torgerson, Xue-Yan Liu, Sheila Timmons, Ann D. Colosia, Jacek Hawiger, and James P. Tam. "Preparation of functionally active cell-permeable peptides by single-step ligation of two peptide modules." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 95, no. 16 (August 4, 1998): 9184–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.16.9184.

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Noninvasive cellular import of synthetic peptides can be accomplished by incorporating a hydrophobic, membrane-permeable sequence (MPS). Herein, we describe a facile method that expedites synthesis of biologically active, cell-permeable peptides by site-specific ligation of two free peptide modules: one bearing a functional sequence and the second bearing a MPS. A nonpeptide thiazolidino linkage between the two modules is produced by ligation of the COOH-terminal aldehyde on the MPS and the NH2-terminal 1,2-amino thiol moiety on the functional sequence. This thiazolidine ligation approach is performed with stoichiometric amounts of fully unprotected MPS and functional peptide in an aqueous buffered solution, eliminating the need for additional chemical manipulation and purification prior to use in bioassays. Two different MPSs were interchangeably combined with two different functional sequences to generate two sets of hybrid peptides. One set of hybrid peptides, carrying the cytoplasmic cell adhesion regulatory domain of the human integrin β3, inhibited adhesion of human erythroleukemia cells to fibrinogen-coated surfaces. A second set of hybrid peptides, carrying the nuclear localization sequence of the transcription factor NF-κB, inhibited nuclear import of transcription factors NF-κB, activator protein 1, and nuclear factor of activated T cells in agonist-stimulated Jurkat T lymphocytes. In each assay, these nonamide bond hybrids were found to be functionally comparable to peptides prepared by the conventional method. Cumulatively, this new ligation approach provides an easy and rapid method for engineering of functional, cell-permeable peptides and demonstrates the potential for synthesis of cell-permeable peptide libraries designed to block intracellular protein–protein interactions.

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Singh, Manish K., Jarod Waybright, and Qisheng Zhang. "A facile method to enable a model phospholipid cell-permeable and photoactivatable." Tetrahedron 73, no. 26 (June 2017): 3677–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2017.04.026.

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Sosibo, Ndabenhle, Phumlani Mdluli, Philani Mashazi, Robert Tshikhudo, Amanda Skepu, Sibulelo Vilakazi, and Tebello Nyokong. "Facile deposition of gold nanoparticle thin films on semi-permeable cellulose substrate." Materials Letters 88 (December 2012): 132–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2012.08.043.

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Almeida, Luís C., Rui D. Correia, Jorge P. Correia, and Ana S. Viana. "Combined Electrochemical, Ellipsometric and Microgravimetric Study of Ion Permeable Polydopamine Films." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 169, no. 4 (April 1, 2022): 046503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac60f0.

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The facile deposition of polydopamine on virtually any material and its recognized adhesive properties justify its extensive application in the biomedical field. However, these films are heterogeneous, poorly conductive and impermeable to many small molecules and ions, limiting their use in electrochemical applications. Hereby, we have potentiodynamically grown polydopamine films on gold using an anodic potential limit of 1.1 V, higher than the typically used values (0.5−0.8 V), aiming at preparing thick and permeable films. The mass increment during the electropolymerization of dopamine undergoes an abrupt change upon the 20th potential cycle, forming a more porous coating, compared to the polymer grown up to 0.8 V. By modelling in situ ellipsometric data, the abrupt phenomenon could be related to a temporary and local loss of polymer adherence to the surface, with the creation of a very porous layer, that is fulfilled in the subsequent cycles with new polymer fibers. Consequently, drastic topographic changes are depicted in polymers grown with 20 and 100 cycles, by atomic force microscopy. Films prepared with 100 cycles are thicker, more electroactive and more permeable to ionic species, than thinner films, unraveling their potential as adhesive matrices in electrochemical transduction devices.

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Intrchom, Worawit, Sagar Roy, Madihah Humoud, and Somenath Mitra. "Immobilization of Graphene Oxide on the Permeate Side of a Membrane Distillation Membrane to Enhance Flux." Membranes 8, no. 3 (August 15, 2018): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes8030063.

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In this paper, a facile fabrication of enhanced direct contact membrane distillation membrane via immobilization of the hydrophilic graphene oxide (GO) on the permeate side (GOIM-P) of a commercial polypropylene supported polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane is presented. The permeate side hydrophilicity of the membrane was modified by immobilizing the GO to facilitate fast condensation and the withdrawal of the permeate water vapors. The water vapor flux was found to be as high as 64.5 kg/m2·h at 80 °C, which is 15% higher than the unmodified membrane at a feed salt concentration of 10,000 ppm. The mass transfer coefficient was observed 6.2 × 10−7 kg/m2·s·Pa at 60 °C and 200 mL/min flow rate in the GOIM-P.

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Liu, Yi, Chunjie Yan, Zuhua Zhang, Yansheng Gong, Hongquan Wang, and Xiumei Qiu. "A facile method for preparation of floatable and permeable fly ash-based geopolymer block." Materials Letters 185 (December 2016): 370–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2016.09.044.

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Korelskiy, D., P. Ye, M. S. Nabavi, and J. Hedlund. "Selective blocking of grain boundary defects in high-flux zeolite membranes by coking." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5, no. 16 (2017): 7295–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta01268c.

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Commercial application of zeolite membranes has been hindered by the challenge of preparing defect-free membranes. We have developed a facile but effective method based on mild coking that is able to selectively block defects in high-permeance zeolite membranes. The developed method also has a high practical value as it can be easily adapted for repairing membranes already mounted in the module.

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Jian, Yuan, Huimin Yin, Fengyu Chang, Linjuan Cheng, Jianhua Yang, Wanjun Mu, Xingliang Li, Jinming Lu, Yan Zhang, and Jinqu Wang. "Facile synthesis of highly permeable CAU-1 tubular membranes for separation of CO2/N2 mixtures." Journal of Membrane Science 522 (January 2017): 140–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2016.08.060.

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Seo, Young Ho, and Kate S. Carroll. "Facile synthesis and biological evaluation of a cell-permeable probe to detect redox-regulated proteins." Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 19, no. 2 (January 2009): 356–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.11.073.

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Shah, Aatif Ali, Young Hoon Cho, Hyeon-gyu Choi, Seung-Eun Nam, Jeong F. Kim, Youngmi Kim, You-In Park, and Hosik Park. "Facile integration of halloysite nanotubes with bioadhesive as highly permeable interlayer in forward osmosis membranes." Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 73 (May 2019): 276–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2019.01.039.

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Baig, Umair, Abdul Waheed, Hassan A. Salih, Asif Matin, Ali Alshami, and Isam H. Aljundi. "Facile Modification of NF Membrane by Multi-Layer Deposition of Polyelectrolytes for Enhanced Fouling Resistance." Polymers 13, no. 21 (October 28, 2021): 3728. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13213728.

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Fouling not only deteriorates the membrane structure but also compromises the quality of the permeate and has deleterious consequences on the membrane operation. In the current study, a commercial thin film composite nanofiltration membrane (NF90) was modified by sequentially depositing oppositely charged polycation (poly(allylamine hydrochloride)) and polyanion (poly(acrylic acid)) polyelectrolytes using the layer-by-layer assembly method. The water contact angle was decreased by ~10° after the coating process, indicating increased hydrophilicity. The surface roughness of the prepared membranes decreased from 380 nm (M-0) to 306 nm (M-10) and 366 nm (M-20). M-10 membrane showed the highest permeate flux of 120 L m−2 h−1 with a salt rejection of >98% for MgSO4 and NaCl. The fabricated membranes M-20 and M-30 showed 15% improvement in fouling resistance and maintained the initial permeate flux longer than the pristine membrane.

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Deng, Yuzhen, Zhan Li, Tao Chen, Zhoufeng Bian, Kanghui Lim, Nikita Dewangan, Kok Giap Haw, Zhigang Wang, and Sibudjing Kawi. "Low-cost and facile fabrication of defect-free water permeable membrane for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol." Chemical Engineering Journal 435 (May 2022): 133554. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.133554.

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Jhon, Young In, Chulki Kim, Young Tae Byun, Ju Han Lee, and Young Min Jhon. "Facile large-area fabrication of highly selective and permeable few-layered graphene: A molecular dynamics study." Carbon 155 (December 2019): 369–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2019.08.082.

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Xiong, Wenxuan, Yue Tao, Panpan Wang, Kaiting Wu, and Lanzhou Chen. "Impact of Environmental Factors on the Formation and Development of Biological Soil Crusts in Lime Concrete Materials of Building Facades." Applied Sciences 12, no. 6 (March 15, 2022): 2974. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12062974.

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Microbial colonization leads to the formation of biological soil crusts (BSCs) on the surface of architecture, which causes the deterioration of construction materials. However, little information is available on the formation of BSCs on lime concrete materials of early architecture. In this study, the variances of microbial communities, physicochemical properties, and surrounding environmental factors of the lime concrete facades from the early architecture of Wuhan University were investigated. It was found that the surface of lime concrete materials was internally porous and permeable, embedded with biofilms of cyanobacteria, mosses, bacteria, and fungi. Redundancy analysis (RDA) analysis showed that the abundances of photoautotrophic microorganisms depended on light intensity and moisture content of construction materials, while that of heterotrophic microorganisms depended on total nitrogen (TN) and NO3−-N content. The deposition of total carbon (TC), NH4+-N, and total organic carbon (TOC) was mainly generated by photoautotrophic microorganisms. The lime concrete surface of early architecture allowed internal growth of microorganisms and excretion of metabolites, which promoted the biodeterioration of lime concrete materials.

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Sandru, Marius, Eugenia M. Sandru, Wade F. Ingram, Jing Deng, Per M. Stenstad, Liyuan Deng, and Richard J. Spontak. "An integrated materials approach to ultrapermeable and ultraselective CO ₂ polymer membranes." Science 376, no. 6588 (April 2022): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abj9351.

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Advances in membrane technologies that combine greatly improved carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) separation efficacy with low costs, facile fabrication, feasible upscaling, and mechanical robustness are needed to help mitigate global climate change. We introduce a hybrid-integrated membrane strategy wherein a high-permeability thin film is chemically functionalized with a patchy CO 2 -philic grafted chain surface layer. A high-solubility mechanism enriches the concentration of CO 2 in the surface layer hydrated by water vapor naturally present in target gas streams, followed by fast CO 2 transport through a highly permeable (but low-selectivity) polymer substrate. Analytical methods confirm the existence of an amine surface layer. Integrated multilayer membranes prepared in this way are not diffusion limited and retain much of their high CO 2 permeability, and their CO 2 selectivity is concurrently increased in some cases by more than ~150-fold.

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Cheng, Chi, Naixun Gao, Changjiang Yu, Zhaoyun Wang, Jun Wang, Erhong Hao, Yun Wei, et al. "Diversity-Oriented Facile Access to Highly Fluorescent Membrane-Permeable Benz[c,d]indole N-Heteroarene BF2 Dyes." Organic Letters 17, no. 2 (December 31, 2014): 278–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ol503379c.

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Liu, Junzhi, Yuzhi Yan, Zhihua Chen, Yi Gu, and Xikui Liu. "A Facile Reprecipitation Method for the Preparation of Polyimide Hollow Spheres with Controllable Morphologies and Permeable Shell." Chemistry Letters 39, no. 11 (November 5, 2010): 1194–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.2010.1194.

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Kim, Taewhan, Yeong Jae Kim, Chanjong Yu, Jongbum Kim, and Kiwon Eum. "Facile Fabrication of α-Alumina Hollow Fiber-Supported ZIF-8 Membrane Module and Impurity Effects on Propylene Separation Performance." Membranes 12, no. 10 (October 19, 2022): 1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12101015.

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The separation of C3 olefin and paraffin, which is essential for the production of propylene, can be facilitated by the ZIF-8 membrane. However, the commercial application of the membrane has not yet been achieved because the fabrication process does not meet industrial regulatory criteria. In this work, we provide a straightforward and cost-effective membrane fabrication technique that permits the rapid synthesis of ZIF-8 hollow fiber membranes. The scalability of the technology was confirmed by the incorporation of three ZIF-8 hollow fiber membranes into a single module using an introduced fiber mounting methodology. The molecular sieving characteristics of the ZIF-8 membrane module on a binary combination of C3 olefin and paraffin (C3H6/C3H8 selectivity of 110 and a C3H6 permeance of 13 GPU) were examined at atmospheric conditions. In addition, the high-pressure performance of these membranes was demonstrated at a 5 bar of equimolar binary feed pressure with a C3H6/C3H8 selectivity of 55 and a C3H6 permeance of 9 GPU due to propylene adsorption site saturation. To further accurately portray the separation performance of the membrane on an actual industrial feed, the effect of impurities (ethylene, ethane, butylene, i-butane, and n-butane), which can be found in C3 splitters, was investigated and a considerable decrement (~15%) in the propylene permeance upon an interaction with C4 hydrocarbons was confirmed. Finally, the long-term stability of the ZIF-8 membrane was confirmed by continuous operation for almost a month without any loss of its initial performance (C3H6/C3H8 separation factor of 110 and a C3H6 permeance of 13 GPU). From an industrial point of view, this straightforward technique could offer a number of merits such as a short synthesis time, minimal chemical requirements, and excellent reproductivity.

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Kaur, Pawanpreet, and Harish Kumar Chopra. "Recent Advances in Applications of Supported Ionic Liquids." Current Organic Chemistry 23, no. 26 (January 1, 2020): 2881–915. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272823666191204151803.

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: The supported ionic liquids have shown immense potential for numerous applications in catalysis and separation science. In the present review, the remarkable contribution of supported ionic liquids has been highlighted. The main emphasis has been laid on describing the facile separation of gas from binary gas mixtures owing to the capability of selective transport of permeable gases across supported membranes and removal of environmentally hazard sulfur compounds from fuels. The catalytic action of supported ionic liquids has been discussed in other applications such as biodiesel (biofuel) synthesis by transesterification/esterification processes, waste CO2 fixation into advantageous cyclic carbonates, and various chemical transformations in organic green synthesis. This review enclosed a maximum of the published data of the last ten years and also recently accomplished work concerning applications in various research areas like separation sciences, chemical transformations in organic green synthesis, biofuel synthesis, waste CO2 fixation, and purification of fuels by desulfurization.

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Consulting Engineering Architecture, IDOM. "Nuevo edificio Aulario, Universidad de Alioune Diop, Bambey, Senegal." EN BLANCO. Revista de Arquitectura 13, no. 31 (October 28, 2021): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/eb.2021.16446.

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<p>En Senegal la sombra y el agua lo son todo. Este proyecto de aulario, primo-hermano de otro en Gastón Berger, San Luis, que desarrollamos por encargo del Ministerio de Educación y el Banco Mundial, pretende responder a este contexto como la máquina perfecta, bella en su eficiencia y sin motor. Planteamos el diseño desde la sección, dotando al edificio de una gran cubierta doble y una gran celosía de fachada sur, un escudo en forma de “L” tumbada, que evita la radiación solar directa, pero es permeable al aire. Este escudo crea un efecto Venturi generando un flujo de aire constante entre envolvente y aulas reduciendo la temperatura interior. El edificio es constructivamente sencillo, adecuado a las posibilidades del lugar: bloques de hormigón construidos a pie de obra revestidos con mortero y vigas de acero de celosía.</p><p> </p>

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Wood, Michael W., Richard C. Hastings, and Linda A. Sygowski. "A Homogeneous Fluorescent Cell-Based Assay for Detection of Heterologously Expressed Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 10, no. 8 (October 18, 2005): 849–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087057105280640.

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Arhodamine-derived, membrane-permeable fluorophore (DAR-4MAM) sensitive to nitric oxide production has been developed recently. The authors evaluated this reagent in both 96 and 384-well formats using heterologously expressed neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). nNOS transfected into HEK-293T cellswas stimulated by the addition of ionomycin. The calcium mobilization resulting from ionomycin treatment of nNOS-expressing 293T cells induced a robust increase in emission intensity, as measured using a standard rhodamine filter set. The effect was time dependent, and a 3 to 4-fold stimulation could be achieved in a 2-h time period. Ionomycin-dependent nitric oxide (NO) production was completely inhibited by several arginine analogs at micromolar concentrations (e.g., L-NAME IC 50= 3.0 µ M). Several arginine analog inhibitors of nNOS were revealed to be differentially reversible over increasing substrate concentrations. The assay is a facile method for characterizing inhibitors of nNOS in a relatively unperturbed cell environment.

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Abu Esleih, E., and E. Akbalik. "AN EVALUATION OF STREET CHARACTER AS A FACTOR FOR LIVELINESSA CASE FROM ISTANBUL." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 06 (June 30, 2022): 76–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/14859.

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Streets, being vital elements of public spaces, provide mobility and social contact. Beyond their transportation character, streets are the locations where people may interact with each other, satisfy their needs, and express themselves. These functions contribute to the liveliness of streets and have a significant influence on social life in public spaces. This research examines street characteristics as factors of liveliness that help us to identify the street as a public space. Taking physical features, visual identity, functions, and activities as parameters of street character; the research examines Istanbuls Bagdat Avenue by emphasizing these parameters on the liveliest sections of the avenue. The two-stage organized research outputs have shown that the liveliest sections of the avenue include variety of businesses, individual retailers, segments with a unique identity, and buildings with permeable and articulated facades. It can be asserted that the streets characteristics encourage individuals to behave in a way that enhances publicity and that the streets characteristics help in creating a more attractive place and a lively atmosphere for people to behave in a comfortable way that strengthens the publicity. This research aims to contribute to academic literature to develop a framework for rethinking design and planning for revitalizing urban life and explaining the human aspect of environmental design.

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Sahmenko, Genadijs, Sandis Aispurs, and Aleksandrs Korjakins. "EXPERIENCE OF APPLICATION HIGH PERFORMANCE CEMENT COMPOSITES FOR CREATING DURABLE SCULPTURAL ELEMENTS." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 3 (June 15, 2017): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2017vol3.2609.

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Traditionally, sculptural and decorative elements of building facades are created from mortar mixes based on lime, gypsum or Portland cement. Generally these materials have porous and permeable structure, which determines their accelerated degradation, especially in the aggressive environment of modern cities. High performance cement composites (HPCC) have been considered for production and restoration of sculptural elements in historical buildings. For this purpose, fine-graded, multi-component and highly workable mixes were elaborated. Mix compositions were modified with micro-fillers, plasticizing and stabilizing admixtures, as well as fibers to improve material ductility and control shrinkage cracking. Basic mechanical properties and durability (such as water absorption, frost resistance) were determined and two types of HPCC were compared (>50 MPa: HPCC and >120 MPa: UHPCC). It has been confirmed that cement composite mixes are characterized by self-consolidating effect, high compressive strength, extremely high resistance versus freezing and thawing cycles and low water absorption. Surface quality was evaluated and initial water absorption (tube tests) were performed for laboratory samples and real sculptural elements after 5 years of exploitation. The results confirmed good potential for using HPCC for creating more attractive and durable architectural shapes and façade elements compared to elements made using traditional cement and lime mortar.

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Wei, Lei, Jian Yu, Xiaojuan Hu, and Yan Huang. "Facile surface modification of porous stainless steel substrate with TiO2intermediate layer for fabrication of H2-permeable composite palladium membranes." Separation Science and Technology 51, no. 6 (March 24, 2016): 998–1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2015.1136330.

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Ma, Zhao-Yu, Yu-Ren Xue, and Zhi-Kang Xu. "Alginate Hydrogel Assisted Controllable Interfacial Polymerization for High-Performance Nanofiltration Membranes." Membranes 11, no. 6 (June 10, 2021): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11060435.

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The deepening crisis of freshwater resources has been driving the further development of new types of membrane-based desalination technologies represented by nanofiltration membranes. Solving the existing trade-off limitation on enhancing the water permeance and the rejection of salts is currently one of the most concerned research interests. Here, a facile and scalable approach is proposed to tune the interfacial polymerization by constructing a calcium alginate hydrogel layer on the porous substrates. The evenly coated thin hydrogel layer can not only store amine monomers like the aqueous phase but also suppress the diffusion of amine monomers inside, as well as provide a flat and stable interface to implement the interfacial polymerization. The resultant polyamide nanofilms have a relatively smooth morphology, negatively charged surface, and reduced thickness which facilitate a fast water permeation while maintaining rejection efficiency. As a result, the as-prepared composite membranes show improved water permeance (~30 Lm−2h−1bar−1) and comparable rejection of Na2SO4 (>97%) in practical applications. It is proved to be a feasible approach to manufacturing high-performance nanofiltration membranes with the assist of alginate hydrogel regulating interfacial polymerization.

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Gui, Shuanglin, Zhaohuan Mai, Jiaqi Fu, Yuansong Wei, and Jinbao Wan. "Transport Models of Ammonium Nitrogen in Wastewater from Rare Earth Smelteries by Reverse Osmosis Membranes." Sustainability 12, no. 15 (August 3, 2020): 6230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12156230.

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Wastewater from rare earth smelteries contains large amounts of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), which causes severe environmental problems. In this contribution, the desalination efficiency of reverse osmosis (RO) was investigated in the treatment of NH4Cl or NaCl solutions from 0.1 to 40 g/L under different operating pressures with a commercial RO membrane. Experimental results showed that when an operating pressure above 30 bar is applied to the 5 g/L NH4Cl solution, the permeate was found to meet the discharge standards of NH4+-N. Compared to NH4Cl, the permeate fluxes of NaCl solutions were higher due to the higher net driving force and lower propensity to membrane fouling. Theoretical models indicate a linear relationship between water flux and the net driving force for both NH4Cl and NaCl solutions. On the contrary, a power function between the salt flux and concentration difference correlated well with the experimental data for salt transport. The equations for water and salt transport obtained by this work would provide a facile and practical means for predicting the membrane performance in design and optimization of RO processes for the treatment of wastewater from the rare earth industry.

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Li, Yuxin, Guocheng Lv, Limei Wu, Zhaohui Li, and Libing Liao. "Facile Adjustment of Exposed Crystal Facet of Hematite Derived-From Goethite to Enhance Cr (VI) Sorption." Crystals 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst13010079.

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The (110) facets of hematite have excellent adsorption performance for chromium. We aim to obtain hematite with a large specific surface area and exposed (110) facets by using natural needle-like goethite as the precursor. The derived hematite shows a significant increment in the removal capacity of chromium by six times compared with goethite under the same experimental conditions. Structural model fitting of extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy suggested that the interatomic distance of Cr-Fe was approximately 3.6 Å for the Cr (VI) coordinated hematite with exposed (110) facets, which was characteristic of the form of bidentate binuclear surface complex. Molecular dynamic simulations for the arrangement of Cr (VI) in (110) facets of goethite and hematite indicated the superiority of hematite adsorption for chromium. We optimized efficient and economic permeable reactive barrier (PRB) materials by crystal plane adjustment based on these experimental and theoretical results. It was found that the life span of the column even reached 610 PVs when the initial concentration of Cr (VI) was 20 mg/L, which indicates its potential application in the field of PRB medium material.

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Tyubaeva, Polina M., Mikhail A. Tyubaev, Vyacheslav V. Podmasterev, Anastasia V. Bolshakova, and Olga V. Arzhakova. "Hydrophilization of Hydrophobic Mesoporous High-Density Polyethylene Membranes via Ozonation." Membranes 12, no. 8 (July 26, 2022): 733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12080733.

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This work addresses hydrophilization of hydrophobic mesoporous membranes based on high-density polyethylene (HDPE) via ozonation. Mesoporous HDPE membranes were prepared by intercrystallite environmental crazing. Porosity was 50%, and pore dimensions were below 10 nm. Contact angle of mesoporous membranes increases from 96° (pristine HDPE) to 120° due to the formation of nano/microscale surface relief and enhanced surface roughness. The membranes are impermeable to water (water entry threshold is 250 bar). The prepared membranes were exposed to ozonation and showed a high ozone uptake. After ozonation, the membranes were studied by different physicochemical methods, including DSC, AFM, FTIR spectroscopy, etc. Due to ozonation, wettability of the membranes was improved: their contact angle decreased from 120° down to 60°, and they became permeable to water. AFM micrographs revealed a marked smoothening of the surface relief, and the FTIR spectra indicated the development of new functionalities due to ozonolysis. Both factors contribute to hydrophilization and water permeability of the ozonated HDPE membranes. Hence, ozonation was proved to be a facile and efficient instrument for surface modification of hydrophobic mesoporous HDPE membranes and can also provide their efficient sterilization for biomedical purposes and water treatment.

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Tang, Shengnan, Haohong Pi, Yingying Zhang, Jing Wu, and Xiuqin Zhang. "Novel Janus Fibrous Membranes with Enhanced Directional Water Vapor Transmission." Applied Sciences 9, no. 16 (August 12, 2019): 3302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9163302.

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Novel hydrophobic/hydrophilic Janus fibrous membranes, the poly[4,4′-methylenebis (phenylisocyanate)-alt-1,4-butanediol/di(propylene glycol)/plycaprolactone] (PU) fibrous membrane as the hydrophobic layer and cellulose acetate (CA) fibrous membrane as the hydrophilic layer, were fabricated by the so-called “layer-by-layer” electrospinning technology. A series of the PU/CA Janus membranes with different electrospinning time of the CA layers by which the thickness of hydrophilic layer can be controlled were also prepared to uncover its influence on the directional water vapor transmission. The results showed that water vapor transmission capability from the hydrophobic side to the hydrophilic side of the PU/CA Janus fibrous membrane was enhanced rather than that from the reverse direction of the same membrane. The optimal water vapor transmission capacity existed when the electrospinning time of CA fibrous membrane reached 15 min. Such enhanced water vapor transmission originated because of the asymmetric wettability of the Janus membrane and the strong force to draw tiny water droplet from the hydrophobic side to the hydrophilic side. The novel understanding is useful for facile designing and fabrication of efficient moisture permeable fabrics and clothing.

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Muppidi, Avinash, Zhiyong Wang, Xiaolong Li, Jiandong Chen, and Qing Lin. "Achieving cell penetration with distance-matching cysteine cross-linkers: a facile route to cell-permeable peptide dual inhibitors of Mdm2/Mdmx." Chemical Communications 47, no. 33 (2011): 9396. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1cc13320a.

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Lin, Chao-Chieh, Ko-Shan Ho, Chiu-Fung Chou, Wan-Fu Lien, and Yen-Zen Wang. "A facile approach toward preparing low methanol permeable sulfonated polyimide composites: The sulfonated polyimide blended with poly (vinyl alcohol-co-vinyl acetate)." Solid State Ionics 244 (August 2013): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2013.05.002.

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Ben-Uliel, Shulamit Fluss, Faten Habrat Zoabi, Moriya Slavin, Hadas Sibony-Benyamini, Nir Kalisman, and Nir Qvit. "De Novo Development of Mitochondria-Targeted Molecular Probes Targeting Pink1." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 11 (May 28, 2022): 6076. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23116076.

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Mitochondria play central roles in maintaining cellular metabolic homeostasis, cell survival and cell death, and generate most of the cell’s energy. Mitochondria maintain their homeostasis by dynamic (fission and fusion) and quality control mechanisms, including mitophagy, the removal of damaged mitochondria that is mediated mainly by the Pink1/Parkin pathway. Pink1 is a serine/threonine kinase which regulates mitochondrial function, hitherto many molecular mechanisms underlying Pink1 activity in mitochondrial homeostasis and cell fate remain unknown. Peptides are vital biological mediators that demonstrate remarkable potency, selectivity, and low toxicity, yet they have two major limitations, low oral bioavailability and poor stability. Herein, we rationally designed a linear peptide that targets Pink1 and, using straightforward chemistry, we developed molecular probes with drug-like properties to further characterize Pink1. Initially, we conjugated a cell-penetrating peptide and a cross-linker to map Pink1’s 3D structure and its interaction sites. Next, we conjugated a fluorescent dye for cell-imaging. Finally, we developed cyclic peptides with improved stability and binding affinity. Overall, we present a facile approach to converting a non-permeable linear peptide into a research tool possessing important properties for therapeutics. This is a general approach using straightforward chemistry that can be tailored for various applications by numerous laboratories.

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Zhang, Qi, Yong Liu, Xuguang Liu, and Laibo Ma. "Facile Preparation of Bilayer Titanium Silicate (TS-1) Zeolite Membranes by Periodical Secondary Growth." Coatings 9, no. 12 (December 12, 2019): 850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9120850.

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A facile periodical secondary growth method, based on conventional secondary growth, is proposed to prepare bilayer TS-1 membranes. The novel periodical secondary growth consists of two or several periods, which involve three steps: the temperature is programmed to a desired crystallization temperature as the first stage, followed by holding for a certain duration, and finally cooling to room temperature. This periodical crystallization model enables a bilayer TS-1 membrane to be produced, while the conventional secondary growth method produces a monolayer TS-1 membrane. The bilayer TS-1 membrane exhibits a superior defect-free structure and hydrophobic properties, as illustrated by SEM, gas permeance, pore size distribution analysis, and water contact angle measurement. It displays an earlier desalination separation factor compared to the monolayer TS-1 membrane. This work demonstrates that the periodical secondary growth is an advanced approach for preparing a bilayer zeolite membrane with excellent properties.

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Wei, Yayu, Zhe Yang, Ling Wang, Yifei Yu, Hong Yang, Hua Jin, Peng Lu, et al. "Facile ZIF–8 nanocrystals interlayered solvent–resistant thin–film nanocomposite membranes for enhanced solvent permeance and rejection." Journal of Membrane Science 636 (October 2021): 119586. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119586.

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Patel, Sandip, Yu Yuan, Cheng-Chang Chen, Dawid Jaślan, Gihan Gunaratne, Christian Grimm, Taufiq Rahman, and Jonathan S. Marchant. "Electrophysiology of Endolysosomal Two-Pore Channels: A Current Account." Cells 11, no. 15 (August 2, 2022): 2368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11152368.

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Two-pore channels TPC1 and TPC2 are ubiquitously expressed pathophysiologically relevant proteins that reside on endolysosomal vesicles. Here, we review the electrophysiology of these channels. Direct macroscopic recordings of recombinant TPCs expressed in enlarged lysosomes in mammalian cells or vacuoles in plants and yeast demonstrate gating by the Ca2+-mobilizing messenger NAADP and/or the lipid PI(3,5)P2. TPC currents are regulated by H+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ (luminal and/or cytosolic), as well as protein kinases, and they are impacted by single-nucleotide polymorphisms linked to pigmentation. Bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids, flavonoids, and several approved drugs demonstrably block channel activity. Endogenous TPC currents have been recorded from a number of primary cell types and cell lines. Many of the properties of endolysosomal TPCs are recapitulated upon rerouting channels to the cell surface, allowing more facile recording through conventional electrophysiological means. Single-channel analyses have provided high-resolution insight into both monovalent and divalent permeability. The discovery of small-molecule activators of TPC2 that toggle the ion selectivity from a Ca2+-permeable (NAADP-like) state to a Na+-selective (PI(3,5)P2-like) state explains discrepancies in the literature relating to the permeability of TPCs. Identification of binding proteins that confer NAADP-sensitive currents confirm that indirect, remote gating likely underpins the inconsistent observations of channel activation by NAADP.

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Gonçalves, Raquel C. R., Efres Belmonte-Reche, João Pina, Milene Costa da Silva, Sónia C. S. Pinto, Juan Gallo, Susana P. G. Costa, and M. Manuela M. Raposo. "Bioimaging of Lysosomes with a BODIPY pH-Dependent Fluorescent Probe." Molecules 27, no. 22 (November 20, 2022): 8065. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27228065.

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Fluorescence-based probes represent a powerful tool for noninvasive imaging of living systems in real time and with a high temporal and spatial resolution. Amongst several known fluorophores, 3-difluoroborodipyrromethene (BODIPY) derivatives have become a cornerstone for innovative fluorescent labelling applications, mainly due to their advantageous features including their facile synthesis, structural versatility and exceptional photophysical properties. In this context, we report a BODIPY-based fluorescent probe for imaging of lysosomes in living cells. The BODIPY derivative displayed a remarkable fluorescence enhancement at low pH values with a pKa* of 3.1. In vitro studies by confocal microscopy in HeLa cells demonstrated that the compound was able to permeate cell membrane and selectively label lysosome whilst remaining innocuous to the cell culture at the maximum concentration tested. Herein, the BODIPY derivative holds the promise of investigating lysosomal dynamics and function in living cells through fluorescence imaging.

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Cho, Dong-Wan, Gihoon Kwon, Jeongmin Han, and Hocheol Song. "Influence of humic acid on the long-term performance of direct contact membrane distillation." Energy & Environment 30, no. 1 (July 13, 2018): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x18787279.

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In this study, the influence of humic acid on the treatment of coalbed methane water by direct contact membrane distillation was examined with bench-scale test unit. During short-term distillation (1000 min), high level of humic acid above 50 ppm resulted in significant decrease in permeate flux, while low level of humic acid (∼2 ppm) had little influence on the flux. For the long-term distillation (5000 min), the flux decline began at 3400 min in the presence of 5 ppm humic acid and 5 mM Ca2+, and decreased to ∼40% of initial flux at 5000 min. The spectroscopic analysis of the membrane used revealed that the surface was covered by hydrophilic layers mainly composed of calcite. The membrane fouling effect of humic acid became more significant in the presence of Ca2+ due to more facile calcite formation on the membrane surface. It was demonstrated that humic acid enhanced CaCO3 deposition on the membrane surfaces, thereby expediting the scaling phenomenon.

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Wei, Yaohua, Yinping Sun, Jingjing Wei, Xinyun Qiu, Fenghua Meng, Gert Storm, and Zhiyuan Zhong. "Selective transferrin coating as a facile strategy to fabricate BBB-permeable and targeted vesicles for potent RNAi therapy of brain metastatic breast cancer in vivo." Journal of Controlled Release 337 (September 2021): 521–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.07.048.

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Ji, Yufan, Yuyang Song, Yiping Huang, Hao Zhu, Changhai Yue, Fujian Liu, and Jing Zhao. "One-Step Synthesis of Ultrathin Zeolitic Imidazole Framework-8 (ZIF-8) Membrane on Unmodified Porous Support via Electrophoretic Deposition." Membranes 12, no. 11 (October 28, 2022): 1062. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12111062.

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Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are regarded as the next-generation, disruptive membrane materials, yet the straightforward fabrication of ultrathin MOF membranes on an unmodified porous support remains a critical challenge. In this work, we proposed a facile, one-step electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method for the growth of ultrathin zeolitic imidazole framework-8 (ZIF-8) membranes on a bare porous support. The crystallinity, morphology and coverage of ZIF-8 particles on support surface can be optimized via regulating EPD parameters, yet it is still difficult to ensure the integrity of a ZIF-8 membrane with the constant voltage mode. In contrast, the constant current mode is more beneficial to the growth of a defect-free ZIF-8 membrane due to the steady migration rate of colloid particles toward the electrode. With a current of 0.65 mA/cm2 and deposition time of 60 min, a 300 nm thick ZIF-8 membrane was obtained, which exhibits a CO2 permeance of 334 GPU and a CO2/CH4 separation factor of 8.8, evidencing the defect-free structure.

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Kook, Heejin, and Chanhyuk Park. "Engineered Approaches to Facile Identification of Tiny Microplastics in Polymeric and Ceramic Membrane Filtrations for Wastewater Treatment." Membranes 12, no. 6 (May 28, 2022): 565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12060565.

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Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) contribute to the release of significant quantities of microplastics into the aquatic environment. The facile identification of microplastics and an understanding of their occurrence and transport through WWTPs are essential for improving microplastic retention. Potential microplastic treatment technologies for both polymeric and ceramic membrane filtrations were systematically investigated to inform decisions on the optimal choice of membrane for effective microplastic retention. A blocking filtration model, based on a simple linear regression fitting, was used in experiments on the filtration of microplastic suspensions to determine the relative importance of individual fouling mechanisms. Unlike the commonly applied spectroscopic techniques, the facile identification approaches, that are closely related to the amounts of particles within wastewater samples, attempted to identify tiny microplastics (<1.0 μm) by comparing them against silica particles for reference. A larger decline in the normalized permeate flux was observed for 0.1 μm polystyrene microplastics, while standard pore blocking appeared to be the dominant fouling mechanism for all membranes. More microplastics based on turbidity and total solids were removed using the ceramic membrane than the other polymeric membranes. However, fewer microplastics, based on the particle size distribution analysis, were removed using the ceramic membrane as the pore size measurements gave a relatively large pore size for the ceramic membrane, compared with other polymeric membranes; even though a nominal pore size of 0.1 μm for all membranes were provided by the suppliers. The contribution of microplastic-containing synthetic wastewaters to overall flux decline was significantly greater than those of identical microplastic suspensions because of the aggregation of larger microplastics with dissolved organic matter in synthetic wastewater, leading to the formation of a cake layer on the membrane surface. Despite the challenges associated with the facile identification approaches, our findings provided deeper insights and understanding of how microplastics behave in membrane filtration, which could enable the application of potential microplastic treatment technologies.

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Li, Dalong, Changlu Gao, Xinyue Wang, Gang Wu, Jinghua Yin, Yudong Huang, and Xiuhua Sun. "Zwitterionic Polysulfone Copolymer/Polysulfone Blended Ultrafiltration Membranes with Excellent Thermostability and Antifouling Properties." Membranes 11, no. 12 (November 26, 2021): 932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11120932.

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Membrane fouling has been one of the most important challenges in membrane separation operations. In this study, we report a facile strategy to prepare antifouling polysulfone (PSf) UF membranes by blending amphiphilic zwitterion polysulfone-co-sulfobetaine polysulfone (PSf-co-SBPSf) copolymer. The copolymer chemical structure was characterized by 1HNMR spectroscopy. The PSf/PSf-co-SBPSf blend membranes with various zwitterionic SBPSf segment contents exhibited better surface hydrophilicity and excellent antifouling ability compared to PSf and PSf/PEG membranes. The significant increase of both porosity and water permeance indicates that the PSf-co-SBPSf has a pore-forming effect. The pure water flux and flux recovery ratio of the PSf/PSf-co-SBPSf blend membranes were both remarked to improve 286.43 L/m2h and 92.26%, while bovine serum albumin (BSA) rejection remained at a high level (97.66%). More importantly, the water flux and BSA rejection see minimal variance after heat treatment, indicating excellent thermostability. Overall, the PSf/PSf-co-SBPSf blend membranes achieved a comprehensive performance of sustainable hydrophilic, high permeation flux, and remarkable antifouling ability, thus becoming a promising candidate in high-temperature separation application.

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Rameshkumar, Saranya, Rory Henderson, and Ramesh Babu Padamati. "Improved Surface Functional and Photocatalytic Properties of Hybrid ZnO-MoS2-Deposited Membrane for Photocatalysis-Assisted Dye Filtration." Membranes 10, no. 5 (May 21, 2020): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes10050106.

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The synergistic mechanism of photocatalytic-assisted dye degradation has been demonstrated using a hybrid ZnO-MoS2-deposited photocatalytic membrane (PCM). Few layers of MoS2 sheets were produced using the facile and efficient surfactant-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation method. In this process, hydrophilic moieties of an anionic surfactant were adsorbed on the surface of MoS2, which aided exfoliation and promoted a stable dispersion due to the higher negative zeta potential of the exfoliated MoS2 sheets. Further, the decoration of ZnO on the exfoliated MoS2 sheets offered a bandgap energy reduction to about 2.77 eV, thus achieving an 87.12% degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye within 15 min of near UV-A irradiation (365 nm), as compared with pristine ZnO achieving only 56.89%. The photocatalysis-enhanced membrane filtration studies on the ZnO-MoS2 PCM showed a complete removal of MB dye (~99.95%). The UV-assisted dye degradation on the ZnO-MoS2 PCM offered a reduced membrane resistance, with the permeate flux gradually improving with the increase in the UV-irradiation time. The regeneration of the active ZnO-MoS2 layer also proved to be quite efficient with no compromise in the dye removal efficiency.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Permeable facade'

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