Academic literature on the topic 'Permeable facade'
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Journal articles on the topic "Permeable facade"
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Ibe, Ekaterina, Galina Shibaeva, Svyatoslav Mironov, and Danil Litvin. "Problems of thermal protection of two-layer external walls with hinged facade systems." E3S Web of Conferences 263 (2021): 02013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126302013.
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Currently, in the Republic of Khakassia, much attention is paid to research aimed at reducing air pollution due to fuel combustion. In this aspect, the issue of increasing the energy efficiency of buildings is relevant. The use of ventilated facade systems with an air gap makes it possible to improve the energy efficiency class of buildings and modernize the facades. However, these facade systems have weak points that require detailed and high-quality study. Often, design solutions are used that are used in warm climates without taking into account the peculiarities of a cold climate - frequent changes in temperature, humidity, wind loads, and other influences, which can lead to negative manifestations. Facade systems with a ventilated air gap must provide the ability to monitor the operability of all system elements and, if necessary, carry out repair and reconstruction work with minimal operating costs. The article presents an analysis of the thermal properties of an external fence using a hinged facade structure. The influence of installation defects and heat-conducting inclusions on the heat-shielding properties of the building envelope is shown. It was determined that during operation the moisture-windproof membrane loses its vapor-permeable properties.
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Pomaranzi, Giulia, Ombretta Bistoni, Paolo Schito, Lorenzo Rosa, and Alberto Zasso. "Wind Effects on a Permeable Double Skin Façade, the ENI Head Office Case Study." Fluids 6, no. 11 (November 16, 2021): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids6110415.
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Currently, the energy and environmental efficiency of buildings has led to the development of cladding systems that may help to reduce the structure’s energy demand, using techniques such as the Permeable Double Skin Façade (PDSF). Given complex aerodynamic interactions, the presence of an external porous screen in addition to an inner skin may play a crucial role in the fluid-dynamic characterization of such buildings, making the definition of wind effects very complex. A new methodology for the quantitative assessment of the impact of wind-loading conditions on this particular type of cladding is presented. It is based on a combined experimental–numerical approach, essentially based on wind-tunnel tests on a rigid scale model and computational fluid dynamic simulations. A case study is proposed as an application of this methodology. Results include the design pressure values for the inner glazed façade and the permeable facade. An estimation of the flow rate across the porous skin is quantified using the numerical model.
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Torres-Ramo, Joaquín, Purificación González-Martínez, Nerea Arriazu-Ramos, and Ana Sánchez-Ostiz. "Influence of the Water Vapour Permeability of Airtight Sheets on the Behaviour of Facade." Sustainability 12, no. 24 (December 15, 2020): 10480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410480.
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The air-tightness of the thermal envelope of buildings is one of the measures to reduce their energy demands in order to achieve global warming reduction targets. To this end, airtight sheets with different water vapour permeability characteristics are used. The different products studied are highly dispersed in terms of equivalent air thickness values, leading to confusion. After the analysis carried out, it is concluded that all airtight sheets are vapour barriers. To clarify whether or not these sheets are necessary as vapour barriers, a condensation analysis was carried out on 13 different facades for 3 climate zones with severe winters as defined in Spanish regulations. The results reveal that interstitial condensation occurs in only 7 of the 39 case studies, with the traditional facades of brickwork with render causing the greatest problems if the appropriate products are not used. In these cases, airtight sheets with water vapour barrier characteristics must be applied on the interior face of the insulating material. In all other cases (32), the airtight sheets must be permeable to water vapour if it is looked for a more breathable wall to water vapour and a better control of the interior humidity conditions.
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Lavtižar, Kristijan. "Fundamentals of Natural Ventilation in Buildings." Igra ustvarjalnosti - Creativy Game 2020, no. 08 (November 11, 2020): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15292/iu-cg.2020.08.020-027.
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When environmental factors, such as the microclimate, in-depth knowledge is important in understanding spatial issues related to health. We spend most of the day indoors, so ventilation conditions are especially important, given their impact on our well-being, satisfaction, productivity, and health. The purpose of this article is to present an overview of modern methods of ventilation of individual indoor spaces with special attention paid to natural ventilation. The key questions raised for this purpose are: What systems are in use today, what are their shortcomings and the challenges that we face, how had the problem of ventilation been addressed in the past, and how can traditional knowledge be applied in modern architecture? To be able to answer this, clear physical laws must be defined. The article presents the standard methods of ventilation of buildings around the world and gives suggestions for their use in the design of quality and sustainably designed open and closed spaces (buildings and their indoor spaces). Examples of the use of natural ventilation and samples of combining established ventilation principles, considering the legality of microclimatic factors, with modern technologies of mechanical ventilation and permeable facade systems are collected. The core of the article refers to the question: What are the possibilities for the ventilation of buildings that ensure the appropriate indoor air quality while simultaneously allowing for the ambient integration with the natural environment?
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A, Smaliychuk, Berkela K, and Dzyhalenko A. "ESTHETIC AND FORM CREATION PROBLEM OF SUMMER SPACES." Vìsnik Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu "Lʹvìvsʹka polìtehnìka". Serìâ Arhìtektura 3, no. 2 (November 20, 2021): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/sa2021.02.094.
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A lot of mass media write about the summer spaces aesthetics problem. The articles, notes, posts, blogs and other content are dedicated primarily to the experience of housing exploitation. However, architects, urban planners and other professionals determine the problem rather rarely. Summer spaces, first of all, balconies, loggias and terraces are important as functionally as aesthetically for the creation of comfortable, modern and visually expressive housing. Architects must provide both functional and aesthetic solutions, knowing that homeowners can change their designs. You must use the best domestic and foreign experience to prevent the unwanted changes which are analyzed in this article. Without this, balconies and loggias will be glazed by either the developer, which significantly worsens the aesthetics of the facade or residents, which makes the worst solution. First of all, summer spaces must have the appropriate proportions and engineering supplies. Balconies and loggias must have artificial lighting and electricity supply, they can also be equipped with water supply rain sewer, heating and cooling systems. With maximum equipment, summer spaces can play the role of a summer living room or a multifunctional space. In hot weather, balconies and loggias can even be used as a bedroom, which is important due to global warming. In addition to engineering supply it is necessary to provide some spatial standards: minimum width not less than 1.6 m with a length less than 3.5 m, 1.8 m for 3,5 -4,5 m length, and 2m for more than 4.5m. The area of balconies and loggias should be 4 -12 m2. Summer spaces fencing should not reduce sunlight and daylight in the rooms - so the glass or vertical metal handrails are the best solutions. It is also advisable to combine deaf parts with visually permeable. To implement these proposals, it is necessary to make legislative changes in summer spaces standards. Increasing of housing culture level and informing about the best and sustainable examples is also important. Balconies and loggias in existing housing can be dismantled and replaced with more functional ones through a comprehensive renovation program. The option of individual reconstruction is not appropriate.
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Gerhardt, H. J., and F. Janser. "Wind loads on wind permeable facades." Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 53, no. 1-2 (November 1994): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(94)90017-5.
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Wang, Xingxing, Yun Zhang, Shan Jiang, Xiaobo Ji, Yong Liu, and Craig E. Banks. "Cubic Copper Hexacyanoferrates Nanoparticles: Facile Template-Free Deposition and Electrocatalytic Sensing Towards Hydrazine." International Journal of Electrochemistry 2011 (2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/395724.
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Cubic copper hexacyanoferrate (CuHCF) nanoparticles prepared via electrolytic deposition are presented with their morphology and crystalline structure characterized with SEM and XRD. The advantage of this methodology is that it allows the fabrication of uniform cubic nanoparticles with permeable structures onto the desired underlying electrode substrate. It was observed that the CuHCF film acts as a permeable membrane for cations such as K+, Na+, Li+, and with a selection order of K+Li+Na+. Furthermore, the analytical utility of these cubic-like CuHCF morphologies supported on a glassy carbon electrode was evaluated towards the electrochemical oxidation of hydrazine which was found to exhibit a linear response over the range 66 M to 17 mM with a detection limit corresponding to 16.5 M.
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Brzezicki, Marcin. "The architectural design of light-permeable facades – a summary of recent trends and observations." Czasopismo Techniczne, no. 12 (December 20, 2019): 5–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/2353737xct.19.120.11445.
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Zhang, Lianshan, Troy R. Torgerson, Xue-Yan Liu, Sheila Timmons, Ann D. Colosia, Jacek Hawiger, and James P. Tam. "Preparation of functionally active cell-permeable peptides by single-step ligation of two peptide modules." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 95, no. 16 (August 4, 1998): 9184–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.16.9184.
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Noninvasive cellular import of synthetic peptides can be accomplished by incorporating a hydrophobic, membrane-permeable sequence (MPS). Herein, we describe a facile method that expedites synthesis of biologically active, cell-permeable peptides by site-specific ligation of two free peptide modules: one bearing a functional sequence and the second bearing a MPS. A nonpeptide thiazolidino linkage between the two modules is produced by ligation of the COOH-terminal aldehyde on the MPS and the NH2-terminal 1,2-amino thiol moiety on the functional sequence. This thiazolidine ligation approach is performed with stoichiometric amounts of fully unprotected MPS and functional peptide in an aqueous buffered solution, eliminating the need for additional chemical manipulation and purification prior to use in bioassays. Two different MPSs were interchangeably combined with two different functional sequences to generate two sets of hybrid peptides. One set of hybrid peptides, carrying the cytoplasmic cell adhesion regulatory domain of the human integrin β3, inhibited adhesion of human erythroleukemia cells to fibrinogen-coated surfaces. A second set of hybrid peptides, carrying the nuclear localization sequence of the transcription factor NF-κB, inhibited nuclear import of transcription factors NF-κB, activator protein 1, and nuclear factor of activated T cells in agonist-stimulated Jurkat T lymphocytes. In each assay, these nonamide bond hybrids were found to be functionally comparable to peptides prepared by the conventional method. Cumulatively, this new ligation approach provides an easy and rapid method for engineering of functional, cell-permeable peptides and demonstrates the potential for synthesis of cell-permeable peptide libraries designed to block intracellular protein–protein interactions.
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Singh, Manish K., Jarod Waybright, and Qisheng Zhang. "A facile method to enable a model phospholipid cell-permeable and photoactivatable." Tetrahedron 73, no. 26 (June 2017): 3677–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2017.04.026.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Permeable facade"
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Giachetti, Andrea. "Wind effects on permeable building envelopes: a two-dimensional exploratory study." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1170715.
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The present work deals with an exploratory two-dimensional study on systems composed by an open-gap airtight screen and a rectangular section. The aerodynamic interference caused by the presence of the screen has been investigated, trying to understand the role of each potential influencing factor. The effects produced by the concurrent presence of confined (in the cavity behind the screen) and unconfined (around the whole system) flows have been analyzed, in terms of wind induced forces and pressures. Moreover, the possibility of using simplified models to evaluate the internal pressures having the external ones on a section where the cavity has not been reproduced, namely the possible external and internal pressure decoupling, has been considered.
Books on the topic "Permeable facade"
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Kemp, T. S. Amphibians: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198842989.001.0001.
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Amphibians: A Very Short Introduction discusses amphibian evolution, adaptations, and biology. From frogs, toads, newts, and salamanders, to the lesser-known caecilians, there are over 8,000 species of amphibians alive today. Characterized by their moist, naked skin and the tadpole phase of their lives, they are uniquely adapted to occupy the interphase habitat between freshwater and land. This VSI explores topics from their complex courtship behaviour to how their permeable skin enables them to thrive in their habitat and it covers the whole history of amphibians, from their origins 360 million years ago, to the extinction threat they face from humans today.
Book chapters on the topic "Permeable facade"
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Awad, Tamar. "Permeability in Bioclimatic Modular Facades." In Advances in Civil and Industrial Engineering, 1–31. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7279-5.ch001.
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This study is based on the analysis of the facades of tobacco drying sheds located in the regions of Cáceres and Toledo in Spain as an example of bioclimatic production architecture. Using modular and permeable façade designs, it is possible to generate an interior space with specific hygrothermal conditions. The drying sheds are the places where the tobacco plant is cured with the air penetrating through the holes on their facades, and the tobacco dries under certain conditions of humidity and temperature. The design of these patterns based on a module, such as the brick, not only affects the composition but also determines the permeability characteristics, conditioning the interior space hygrothermally. Analysing the conceptual relationship, textures, patterns, and construction methods of the dryers with contemporary architecture, numerous examples can be found in other buildings in which modular patterns are used in the composition of the facades similar to those used in the dryers.
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Tamanaha, Brian Z. "Conclusion." In Legal Pluralism Explained, 209–14. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190861551.003.0007.
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Legal pluralism in relation to state law falls on two sides of a permeable and shifting divide: (1) multiple forms of collectively recognized law coexist within social arenas (external pluralism), and (2) manifestations of law are internally pluralistic (internal pluralism). Systems of state law face coexisting external forms of collectively recognized law and are internally pluralistic. The divide is permeable and shifting because one of the factors contributing to internal pluralism is interaction with, influences from, and efforts to absorb or control other coexisting forms of law like customary and religious law and international law. An array of legal norms and institutions exist in society: outside, inside, and intertwined with state legal systems....
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Kemp, T. S. "8. Conservation and the future of amphibians." In Amphibians: A Very Short Introduction, 117–30. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198842989.003.0008.
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‘Conservation and the future of amphibians’ reflects on the future of amphibians. Amphibians are small, permeable-skinned animals dependent on a humid atmosphere, which makes them especially vulnerable to changes in habitat and climate. They are also sensitive to increasing pollution levels, although there is a great deal of variation in how badly different species are affected. In addition, amphibians continue to be a source of food, medicine, and pets for the rapidly growing human population, and it is no wonder that as a group they face a particularly severe threat. Many species are endangered or threatened with extinction.
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Blithe, Sarah Jane, Anna Wiederhold Wolfe, and Breanna Mohr. "Brothels as Hidden Organizations." In Sex and Stigma, 195–214. NYU Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479859290.003.0010.
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This chapter examines the nature of the revelation-concealment dialectic faced by the brothels as these organizations work to strategically build visibility despite external pressures to keep them hidden and internal desires to protect the privacy of certain organizational stakeholders. Additionally, in instances of organizational visibility, the authors examine brothels’ strategies for managing core-stigma while attempting to project a socially-acceptable public image. Brothels address this revelation-concealment dialectic by adopting stigma-management strategies of distancing themselves from identities they perceive as socially undesirable and aligning themselves with non-stigmatized industry practices. At the same time, the brothels construct selectively-permeable organizational boundaries through the invitation of controlled outsider boundary-crossings and through the promotion of their own community-engagement efforts. These results extend research on hidden organizations to consider the particular image-management challenges faced by shadowed organizations.
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"Face stability control for EPB tunnels in a non homogeneous till formation with highly permeable layers." In Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground, 405–12. CRC Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b12748-52.
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Lindheim, Sara H. "Sine finibus." In Latin Elegy and the Space of Empire, 154–96. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198871446.003.0006.
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This chapter juxtaposes Ovid’s erotic and his exilic elegy. In Rome people could visit and examine Agrippa’s map; expansion and conquest sit hand in glove with powerful fantasies of imposing order, control, and hierarchy. In his early elegiac works Ovid contemplates feminine self-adornment. Luxury goods from foreign places flow to the capital, and the city’s female inhabitants seek out, then display on their bodies, the commodities of empire. Once the Ovidian women cloak themselves in the trappings of empire, however, they become one with their accoutrements. In the second part of the diptych, exilic Ovid, just like his adorned women before him, suffers in the face of absent fines. At the very margins of empire, in Tomis on the Black Sea, when he finds himself contemplating first-hand the permeable fines at the furthest edge of imperium, stable, fixed boundaries evaporate, and hybridization and melange take over. It becomes increasingly difficult to ascertain where imperium ends and the non-Roman world (not-yet-Roman world) begins. The Greeks, the Getans, the barbarians have already mixed together, and ultimately even the one Roman cannot sustain his Romanness.
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Simmons, Amy. "Antichrist: An Analysis." In Antichrist, 19–76. Liverpool University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781906733414.003.0002.
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This chapter offers a detailed analysis of Lars von Trier's Antichrist (2009). In some respects, Antichrist is a deceptive title, implying a simple reversal of the Christian opposition between good and evil, yet the film should, in part, be understood in a context more complicated than that of Christianity, or even New Age pseudo-paganism. It occupies a unique territory, somewhere between horror film and psychodrama, where themes such as misogyny, maternal ambivalence, madness, and lust permeate a ruptured dreamscape with a sustained and unique oddness. Hence, the world of the film is, in a sense, gothic and fantastic; a mode particularly suited for expressing a heady mix of ‘unconscious desire, repressed energies and antisocial fantasies’. The gothic space is also a sight of seduction, sexual transgression, cruelty, humiliation, and death; themes that are all reworked and recombined in Antichrist's dramatic atmosphere. Ultimately, what makes Antichrist stick with audiences is the potent undertow, the sense of loss, guilt, and despair that pervades the locations and plasters itself across the mother's grieving face.
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Argys, Laura M., and Susan L. Averett. "Women in the Workforce: An Overview." In Women in the Workforce. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wentk/9780190093396.003.0001.
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Stories about women in the workforce permeate media devoted to news and commentary in contemporary society. Historically, because women devoted nearly all of their time to unpaid work (what we now term household or caring labor), women were a nearly invisible part of the economy, but their contributions are invisible no more. Two important changes propelled women into the mainstream of economics. First, during the involvement of the United States in World War II, American women surged into the workforce and they began to make inroads as entrepreneurs and leaders. Second, women’s movement into the paid workforce has transformed their lives and has in many ways reshaped society. Women have begun to marry later in life, have fewer children, and acquire more education—changes that are consistent with spending a far greater portion of their adult lives working for pay and entering historically male-dominated jobs. In large part due to these changes, women’s earnings as a percentage of men’s increased from 60 percent in 1960 to just over 80 percent in 2019, yet, because women usually remain the primary caregivers of children, issues such as work/life balance, equal pay, and the “glass ceiling” remain at the forefront of policy discussions in the United States and around the world. It is important to examine the economic lives of women in workforce by highlighting the importance of women’s participation in the workforce, their contributions to the economy, and the challenges they face in claiming status, influence, and compensation equal to men’s.
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Schenone, Michela. "Decarbonization and Efficiency: The Potential of Digital Fleet Management." In Progress in Marine Science and Technology. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/pmst220070.
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Never more so than during the Covid-19 pandemic, technology has shown its potential to avoid or minimize business disruption to the maritime industry. Digitalization is playing a key role in being resilient and efficient, while remotization is the new normality in everyday work. Being able to transfer such technologies to the shipping sector and use them to take data driven decisions, enhance regulatory compliance and monitor the asset life cycle can give to owners and shipping companies real advantages in overcoming the new challenges the business faces. In the actual and near future, one of the major challenges that the marine sector must face is represented by the global decarbonization targets, which will impose strong changes to the whole shipping sector. Due to these ambitious targets, every shipping company will be forced to work on three main pillars: new fuels, new technologies, optimized operational measures. Fleet performance management and digitalization play a key role in the optimization of the operational measures: monitoring efficiency, proving, and ensuring compliance with the upcoming regulations and optimizing reporting operations on board. With the upcoming regulations, it will become even more important to always know how a vessel is performing, being capable of simulating the ship’s behavior in different operational conditions and reduce the carbon footprint of a fleet by deploying the whole fleet in the most efficient way. When the vessels emissions need to be reduced as much as possible, the focus should be on how collect the information on board, ensure that the information is reliable and have tools to manage such data and enhance decision making. This paper will explain the importance of data and how digital tools are starting to permeate the life of the shipping companies, helping both onboard and ashore personnel in enhancing operations: from electronic logbooks to live monitoring of scrubber systems, from collecting data on board to building the hydrodynamic digital twin of the vessel to be used in weather routing applications.
Conference papers on the topic "Permeable facade"
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Elsharafi, Mahmoud, and Jesse Green. "Experimental Core Flooding Test for Formation Damage During Gel Treatment." In ASME 2022 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2022-89189.
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Abstract In mature oil fields, the success of gel treatment results depends on the ability of the gel to reduce the high permeable formation without damaging to low permeable formation. Formation damage refers to the extent of damage reservoir rocks face from various drilling techniques and/or chemical treatment during well completion. A dynamic filtration test was used to investigate this effect using distinct core samples, brine concentrations and preformed particle gels. The effect of high pressures applied on the particle gels on various core samples with various permeability ranges was determined. These gels were pushed into the core holder with samples and the core permeability change was calculated. Different constant pressures were used to push the piston behind the gel samples. Then, the gel was flown around the core sample and collected in the outlet container. Various hardware was used to tighten the apparatus and provide connection between brine source, syringe pump, piston accumulator, core holder, and flow outlet container. The damage on the core was evaluated by comparing the original core permeability and the core permeability after gel treatments. Pressure gauges were used to measure the pressure drop across the core samples. The penetration of the particle gels into the low permeable formations can be decreased by the best selection of gel types, particle sizes, and brine concentrations under the reservoir condition. This work results can be used to select the best gel types for the right reservoir condition such as reservoir permeability, and reservoir pressure.
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Psenner, Angelika. "The loss of semi-public spheres within the Vienna urban parterre system—cause and effect study." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5221.
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As proven in the preceding pilot study the historical Viennese ground floor originally presented an intruiging and essential semi-public sphere with no clear-cut boundary between inside and out. Rather, doors and windows were left open most of the time so that there were many points that gave access to the ground-floor premises. Original photos from the period attest to this: the ground-floor facades were permeable; semi-public or even private uses of the ground floor extended to the street, and conversely, the premises were easily accessible to the “public flow.” In addition many of the ground-floor premises in the chosen research area were connected with basement floors or cellars underneath, which meant a further extension of the urban parterre. The (commercial) use of the street-facing premises in most cases also included the interior courtyard. Today, interior courtyards mostly accommodate garbage cans or dumpsters; more intensive, diversified uses of this part of the StadtParterre nowadays are rare. Thus the historical StadtParterre was a ramified, varied, much-used and hence engaging space. Permeable ground-floor facades provided a flexible interface between public and semi-public spaces; intensely interacting with one another. First and foremost, though, the point here is to acknowledge the significance of the urban parterre for the functoning of a city—a fact that has somewhat fallen into oblivion in the noughties of the 21st century ever since the emergence of 3D city modeling. The reason for this may be that conventional 3D city models canot really represent intricate, small-scale, multilayered, and ramified ground-floor structures und thus prevent us from perceiving them in a broader functional perspective.The paper discusses reasons and socio-urban effects of a dis-linked, malfunctioning urban parterre.References Anderson, S. ed. (1978): On Streets. Cambridge, MA, and London: MIT Press. Appleyard, D. (1981): Livable streets. Berkeley: University of California Press. Davis, H. (2012): Living Over the Store: Architecture and Urban Life. London and New York: Routledge. Gehl, J. (1996): Life between Buildings: Using Public Space. Translated by Jo Koch. Copenhagen: Arkitektens Forlag (orig. Livet mellem husene. 1978). Krusche, J. and Vogt, G. (2011): Strassenräume Berlin, Shanghai, Tokyo, Zürich: Eine foto-ethnografische Untersuchung. Baden, CH: Lars Müller Publishers. Scheuvens, R. and Schütz, T. (2012): Perspektive Erdgeschoss, Werkstattbericht 121. Vienna: Magistratsabteilung 18, Stadtentwicklung und Stadtplanung.
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Abdo, Peter, B. P. Huynh, and Vahik Avakian. "Distribution of Air Flow Through a Green Wall Module." In ASME 2017 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2017-69134.
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Green or living walls are active bio-filters developed to enhance air quality. Often, these walls form the base from which plants are grown; and the plant-wall system helps to remove both gaseous and particulate air pollutants. A green wall can be found indoors as well as outdoors, and could be assembled from modules in an arrangement similar to tiling. The module is a rectangular plastic box (dimensions about 500 mm × 500 mm × 130 mm) that holds a permeable bag containing a plant-growing medium (replacement for soil). The front face of the module has multiple openings for plants to protrude out from the bag inside. Plant roots are imbedded in the medium. A fan positioned at a central opening on the module’s back face drives air through the medium-plant-roots mix and then onward through the plants′ canopy; and these would help remove both gaseous and particulate pollutants from the air. Volatile Organic compounds (VOCs) and particulate matters PMs are both reduced by passing through the plant-growing medium, thus reducing the percentage of air flow that passes through the open top face of the module is essential to maximize the capacity of bio-filtration. Drip-irrigation water is dispensed from a tube running along the open top-face of the module. The module has also a small drainage hole on its bottom face. Pressure drop across the module as well as air-flow rate through it have been obtained in a previous work [1], air-flow distribution through the module and the effect of introducing a cover to the module’s open top face are investigated in this work to improve the design of the module and achieve more appropriate flow rate and flow distribution. The top cover essentially includes small holes of 10 mm diameter to allow the necessary irrigation. The measurements help to determine the pattern of flow resistances which in turn will be used in a future CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) analysis.
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Lešnik, Davorin, Alexander Zöhrer, and Muhamed Mešić. "APPLICATION OF ADVANCED JET GROUTING SOLUTIONS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANTS." In GEO-EXPO 2022. DRUŠTVO ZA GEOTEHNIKU U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35123/geo-expo_2022_2.
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The construction of hydroelectric power plants typically requires the execution of deep construction pits close to or even inside of rivers. The paper describes geotechnical challenges and solutions of such projects on the basis of the expansion of the water power plant in Kirchbichl, Austria. This power plant is in operation since the late 1940s and was upgraded with an additional power house as well as a new floodwater relief channel. Therefore two approx. 100m long construction pits were built bordering the existing power plant. Differences in water levels of up to 20m in combination with high permeable soil layers required the execution of water tight and stiff retaining walls and high as well as deep seated sealing slabs. Especially the areas next to the existing structure were critical for the success, as the more than 70 years old building is very sensible to deformations. Moreover, the execution of piles and jet grouting columns had to pass through the former excavation, which was backfilled using very heterogenic material. Thus, various geotechnical products were applied, including jet grouting, bored piles, micro piles and strand anchors. The paper points out the key challenges of such projects, ranging from design stage, execution on site till quality control and documentation. It also addresses the risks faced during the various project phases and describes proper approaches how to mitigate them.
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D'Itria, Erminia, and Federica Vacca. "Fashion Design for Sustainability. A transformative challenge across the European fashion education system." In Seventh International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head21.2021.13029.
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Today, we are witnessing the effects that the COVID-19 pandemic has had, and is still having, on social, economic and cultural life worldwide. In particular, the educational dimension has seen the regular operating of schools altered, with an indeterminate closure of educational institutions, as well as the impossibility to perform face-to-face lectures, and their transposition to digital platforms (Sà et Serpa, 2020). These difficult conditions can be a moment of opportunity to accelerate a process of digital transformation that was beginning to shift in higher education institutions (HEIs). HEIs are using digital transformation strategies to refine how they work, to digitalize their existing operations while designing new digital models, to create entirely new digital models or to fully digitize their current ones (Rodrigues 2017). In the European fashion education system this can result in addressing the transformative challenges that are nurturing the discussion on the future of HEIs (Moja, 2008; Sterling, 2011; Fletcher and Williams, 2013). Therefore, digital innovation becomes the means by which implementing a positive transformation of the sector on key issues that will permeate our daily lives and that can no longer be postponed. Among the pivotal topics there is sustainability which today is slowly trying to establish itself (Wolff, 2020). Trough the analysis of best practices, this paper will decode current behaviors in Fashion Design for Sustainability (FDfS) throughout the European fashion education system.
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Mohamed, Youssry Abd El-Aziz, Alaa Tawfik El-Gindy, Helal Ahmed El-Agamy, Amr Ismail Moustafa, Ali Mohamed Eissa, and Mansour Mohamed Akeel. "Field Application of Newly Designed Non-Damaging Sealing Killing Fluid to Control Losses in Completion and Workover Operations in Western Desert, Egypt." In SPE Trinidad and Tobago Section Energy Resources Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/200936-ms.
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Abstract Invasion of completion fluids to permeable reservoir formations causes different challenges including increase in water saturation, fine migration problems, well control problems and complicated fluid management. Such problems can result in severe reservoir damage leading to delay in production and increase in operation cost. This paper presents newly designed non-damaging, sealing and killing fluids (Salt Plug) customized to solve such challenges and engineered to control fluid invasion of completion fluid into reservoir. Formation damage might occur during subsequent well workover and perforation operations which requires non-damaging, sealing and killing fluids. The salt plug design incorporates a temporary plugging agent that form a physical barrier across formation face or within formation matrix. Consequently, the plug minimizes formation damage and fluids invasion into reservoir formation during well flow back. Due to its water solubility characteristics, the plug can be easily cleaned up using unsaturated brine water after remedial workover operations. Salt plug was used in reservoir formation in a wide fluid density range of 10.3 - 15.0 Pounds per Gallon (ppg) based on brine type and sized particles concentration to prevent fluid loss during remedial completion operations. This plug was applied in field proving its success in more than 10 deep wells and was successful to seal off void spaces around perforation tunnels and holes up to 0.5 inch. It can be customized to meet project requirements through proper selection of the particle-size distribution (PSD) of salt. Filter cake associated with salt was easily removed with start in production phase with a minimal differential pressure of 20-50 Psi to unload the well. This pill was effective replacing conventional water insoluble calcium carbonate (CaCO3) bridging solids with water soluble sized salt bridging solids which are less aggressive breaker systems.
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Rahmadhanty, Shaneza Fatma, Subrahmanya T. M., Wei-Song Hung, and Po Ting Lin. "Optimization of Self-Heated Vacuum Membrane Distillation Using Response Surface Methodology." In ASME 2022 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2022-89491.
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Abstract Currently, technology is increasingly advanced and has penetrated into several fields such as Membrane Distillation (MD) in water treatment, especially to purify saline water, in the face of the increasing scarcity of clean water needed for consumption, both in the domestic, agriculture, and industrial sectors. One of the configurations in MD systems, self-heated Vacuum Membrane Distillation (VMD) system, which employs a Graphene-PVDF membrane heated by power supply, in this case using DC power with low voltage, to eliminate feed pre-feed heating and temperature polarization, is interesting to learn. In addition, to enhance the performances, such as optimizing permeate flux (JW), Temperature Polarization Factor (TPF), Specific Heating Energy (QSH), and Gain Output Ratio (GOR), several different designs are made and compared. In this study, four parameters are selected: DC power supply’s voltage, feed flow rate, the length, and the width of the cell-body’s slot. Ansys FLUENT software is utilized to simulate the system, followed by Minitab software to analyze the results using Response Surface Method (RSM) which aims to achieve the optimal design parameters. The simulation data was validated by experimental data and determination of the optimum conditions of the self-heated VMD system led to the best performances such as maximizing JW, TPF, and GOR, as well as minimizing QSH.
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Al-Taq, Ali, Luai Alhmad, Abdullah Alrustum, and Sajjad Aldarweesh. "Hydrogels for Water Shut-Off Treatments: Evaluation of a New Polymer Gel System." In SPE Conference at Oman Petroleum & Energy Show. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/200041-ms.
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Abstract Hydrogel polymers have served the oil and gas industry in different applications including water shot-off. Hydrogel polymers can create impermeable gels to optimize water injection profile, improve sweep efficiency, and seal undesirable permeable zones. They have been successfully applied as remediation treatments to control water production from thief zones, natural fractures, and matrix formation. In this study, a new hydrogel polymer system (HGPS) was examined for water control treatments in sandstone formations. The experimental work included swelling testing, viscosity measurements, and coreflood experiments. The effects of water salinity, HGPS concentrations, pH values and temperature on examined HGPS properties were investigated. The HGPS concentrations examined in this study ranged between 0.3 to 2%, while water salinity ranged from 20,000 to 250,000 mg/L of NaCl. The examined pH values were between 7 and 1 and the temperatures ranged from ambient to 90°C. The coreflood experiments were conducted at 80°C using sandstone core plugs. The results showed that the viscosity of the HGPS increased with concentration and temperature but decreased with water salinity. The viscosity of the HGPS at 1.5 wt% and at a temperature of 60°C decreased from 575 to 16 cP when the pH value was decreased from 7 to 1. The results also demonstrated that the salinity had a negative impact on swelling properties and, eventually, the HGPS viscosity. Coreflood experiments showed that the HGPS should be squeezed into the core plug at higher injection rates (below frac pressure) in order to achieve high water control. The residual resistant factor to water obtained at an injection rate of 5 cm3/min was 158 while it was found to be < 5 at an injection rate of 1 cm3/min. At lower injecting rate, the HGPS was found to form an external filtercake at the inlet face of the core plug. The paper presents in detail the major lab findings of the evaluation of a newly developed hydrogel polymer system and recommends the optimum conditions to control water production successfully.
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Nanda Kumar, Kishen, Luigi Moroni, Abhijart Kongto, Bao Tran Thanh, Nghia Nguyen Hoang, Lam Tran Tuan, and Chau Do Ngoc. "Controlling Costs and NPT: An Economical Approach to Wellbore Strengthening Offshore Vietnam." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21377-ms.
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Abstract There are many challenges while drilling highly inclined and depleted formations offshore Vietnam that result in various wellbore stability issues such as severe losses, stuck pipe, cavings, tight-hole and pack-offs. These issues may be independent of mud type and can occur when drilling with both oil/synthetic-based and water-based muds. These depleted sections typically consist of sandstones interbedded with claystone & siltstones. Traditionally, the wellbore strengthening fluids solution applied to drill through these sections with synthetic and water-based mud in Vietnam faced limited success. Wellbore strengthening (WBS) is a proven and effective solution especially for narrow-drilling margin and depleted formations. The basic concept of WBS relies on the creation and simultaneous plugging of small fractures with appropriate WBS material. The resulting elevated stress around the wellbore strengthens the borehole by creating an increased hoop stress that leads to an increase in near wellbore stresses. Proprietary modelling software can be used to calculate the pressure induced fracture apertures for wellbore strengthening applications and determine the optimum particle size range to bridge these fractures, allowing fluids to be designed to minimise wellbore instability. This design process was used to optimize material additives to effectively bridge fractures, for wellbore strengthening, and pore throat openings in porous/permeable formations for the prevention of seepage losses and differential sticking. A review of the application procedure identified the optimum method to apply the wellbore strengthening material which would minimise product consumption and reduce well costs. After extensive modelling simulations and testing, this fluid design was applied to drill two challenging wells in Vietnam. This paper presents the process of modelling, based on formation geo-mechanics information, customization and laboratory testing of the fluids design coupled with a successful and economical method of application in the field. Application of this process enabled the operator to drill through the depleted challenging sections with a maximum overbalance pressure of 3,200 psi, conduct logging and coring runs and complete the well at a lower cost and with zero fluids related non-productive time compared to previous wells.
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Matar, Khaled M., Abdullah B. Al-Mutairi, Nakul Khandelwal, Sapna Chawla, Mohammad Alkreebani, Fernando Robles, Abdul Mohsen Al-Obaidi, et al. "World's First Successful Coiled Tubing Intervention to Stimulate Four Laterals in a Single Trip." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207528-ms.
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Abstract Drilling a multilateral well is generally recommended for several reasons such as achieving higher productivity indices and improving recovery in tight, low-permeable zones. While the many benefits of multilateral wells are attractive, they also have drawbacks which make these wells challenging. A key challenge is how to effectively stimulate all the laterals after they have been drilled. This paper presents the application of a unique intervention technique in a multilateral well to stimulate several laterals in a single run. To increase reservoir contact area the operator drilled a multilateral well composed of 4 legs. This was carried out despite the absence of proven ways to stimulate each lateral individually. This intervention would also present the following challenges: Well displacement and stimulation would require multiple re-entries into each lateral, all conducted from a drilling rig. All the laterals were known to branch off from the low side of the bore, so individual lateral and main-bore selection would be complex. Extended reach laterals require accurate friction lockup modelling and mitigations. The unique solution presented in this paper includes the use of real-time Hybrid cable coiled tubing (RTHCT) technology. This incorporates a hybrid cable installed in the coiled tubing (CT) string and a modular sensing bottom-hole assembly (MSBHA). Electrically controlled indexing tool, inclination sensor, tool-face sensor, and hydraulic knuckle joint were used as part of the BHA to enable real-time diagnostics and dynamic controls from surface to successfully enter the lateral legs. The MSBHA enabled the orientation of the BHA electrically to any position required using software to determine and control the exact position of the BHA. This paper presents a solution to all the above-mentioned challenges. It discusses the successful implementation of the RTHCT to displace and stimulate all the 4 laterals in a single CT trip in less than seven days, pumping over 7,000 bbls of various chemical systems and covering an open-hole length of 11,176 ft. Unlike other technologies, the RTHCT technology confirmed entries into the laterals without the need to tag the bottom of the lateral, saving substantial time. Enabling re-entry in these 4 laterals represented a world record translating into major efficiency improvements and cost savings for the project. This intervention also represented the first time in Kuwait that more than 2 laterals have been accessed in a CT run.