Journal articles: 'Permanent magnets'

1

Dong, S. X., B. Li, B. S. Zhang, X. Q. Wang, and G. Y. Feng. "Design of A Permanent Quadrupole Magnet with Adjustable Magnetic Field Gradient." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2687, no. 2 (January 1, 2024): 022029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2687/2/022029.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract As compared to traditional magnets, permanent magnets can effectively reduce energy consumption and eliminate the impact of current ripple and the water cooling system on beam current. The use of permanent magnets in accelerators has become a new trend as permanent magnet technology has advanced. In HALF (Hefei Advanced Light Facility), we have designed a permanent magnet based on the quadrupole magnet, and the central magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet can be adjusted, indicating that single or multiple permanent magnets can be developed to replace different sizes of quadrupole magnets in accelerators, greatly improving systematization. The magnet’s mechanical design has been finalized, and the prototype of the permanent magnet will be manufactured and tested soon.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Amjadian, Mohsen, and Anil K. Agrawal. "Planar arrangement of permanent magnets in design of a magneto-solid damper by finite element method." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 31, no. 7 (February 27, 2020): 998–1014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x20905968.

Full text

Abstract:

This article studies the energy dissipation mechanism of a proposed magneto-solid damper using a three-dimensional finite element model developed in COMSOL Multiphysics software. The energy dissipation mechanism of the magneto-solid damper dissipates energy through combined actions of friction and eddy current damping. The key components of the magneto-solid damper are a steel plate, two copper plates placed on two sides of the steel plate in parallel, and two planar arrays of permanent magnets each one placed between the steel plate and one of the copper plates. These arrays are kept away from the steel and copper plates through narrow gaps; the gaps between them and the steel plate are filled with thin friction pads made of non-magnetic materials. The attractive magnetic interaction between the permanent magnet arrays and the steel plate provides the normal force for the friction developed between the friction pads and the steel plate when the permanent magnet arrays move relative to the steel plate. The motion of the permanent magnet arrays relative to the copper plates, on the other hand, provides the eddy current damping. The main contribution of this article is to optimize the pole arrangement of the permanent magnets and demonstrate that how the optimum pole arrangement can affect the energy dissipation capacity of the magneto-solid damper. The analysis results show that, for a given number and size of the permanent magnets, alternate arrangement of the poles of permanent magnets along the direction of their motion is the most optimal case resulting in large and smooth hysteresis force–displacement loops. This pole arrangement has also been used to find the optimum size of the steel and copper plates by addressing edge and skin effects in the design of the damper.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Zhang, Yuyang, Yonggang Leng, Hao Zhang, Xukun Su, Shuailing Sun, Xiaoyu Chen, and Junjie Xu. "Comparative study on equivalent models calculating magnetic force between permanent magnets." Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing and Special Equipment 1, no. 1 (November 18, 2020): 43–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jimse-09-2020-0009.

Full text

Abstract:

PurposeAn appropriate equivalent model is the key to the effective analysis of the system and structure in which permanent magnet takes part. At present, there are several equivalent models for calculating the interacting magnetic force between permanent magnets including magnetizing current, magnetic charge and magnetic dipole–dipole model. How to choose the most appropriate and efficient model still needs further discussion.Design/methodology/approachThis paper chooses cuboid, cylindrical and spherical permanent magnets as calculating objects to investigate the detailed calculation procedures based on three equivalent models, magnetizing current, magnetic charge and magnetic dipole–dipole model. By comparing the accuracies of those models with experiment measurement, the applicability of three equivalent models for describing permanent magnets with different shapes is analyzed.FindingsSimilar calculation accuracies of the equivalent magnetizing current model and magnetic charge model are verified by comparison between simulation and experiment results. However, the magnetic dipole–dipole model can only accurately calculate for spherical magnet instead of other nonellipsoid magnets, because dipole model cannot describe the specific characteristics of magnet's shape, only sphere can be treated as the topological form of a dipole, namely a filled dot.Originality/valueThis work provides reference basis for choosing a proper model to calculate magnetic force in the design of electromechanical structures with permanent magnets. The applicability of different equivalent models describing permanent magnets with different shapes is discussed and the equivalence between the models is also analyzed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Kaňuch, Ján, and Želmíra Ferková. "Design and simulation of disk stepper motor with permanent magnets." Archives of Electrical Engineering 62, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aee-2013-0022.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract In this paper the design and the magneto-static simulation of axial-flux permanent- magnet stepper motor with the disc type rotor is presented. Disk motors are particularly suitable for electrical vehicles, robots, valve control, pumps, centrifuges, fans, machine tools and manufacturing. The brushless machine with axial flux and permanent magnets, also called the disc-type machine, is an interesting alternative to its cylindrical radial flux counterpart due to the disk shape, compact construction and high torque density. This paper describes a design of four phase microstepping motor with the disc type rotor. The FEM modeling and the 3D magneto-static simulation of the disk stepper motor with permanent magnets is being subject of the article, too. Disc rotor type permanent magnet stepper motor for high torque to inertia ratio is ideal for robotics and CNC machines.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Idayanti, Novrita, Azwar Manaf, and Dedi Dedi. "Magnet Nanokomposit Sebagai Magnet Permanen Masa Depan [Nanocomposite Magnets as Future Permanent Magnets]." Metalurgi 33, no. 1 (June 20, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/metalurgi.v33i1.433.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Hunkun, Jiao, and Oleg Avrunin. "Feasibility analysis of implant movement along arc trajectory under non-contact control in magnetic stereotaxic system." Innovative Technologies and Scientific Solutions for Industries, no. 3(25) (September 30, 2023): 174–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.30837/itssi.2023.25.174.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper, the non-contact control of magnetic implants by changing the external magnetic field in the magnetic stereotaxic system is introduced, and the feasibility of making them move along the arc trajectory is analyzed. Through COMSOL software, the process of moving the miniature magnetic implant along the arc trajectory was simulated, the change of the micro-magnetic implant trajectory after the external magnetic field was changed, the relative position relationship between the large permanent magnets was determined, and the mechanical analysis of the miniature magnetic implant moving along the arc trajectory was carried out. In this experiment, we fix a large permanent magnet, only move the second permanent magnet, first, observe the process of small permanent magnets moving along a straight trajectory, determine the position of the large permanent magnet magnetic field when it contacts the small permanent magnet, and then, analyze the force of the small permanent magnet through the force calculation module, and determine the relative position relationship between the two large permanent magnets by comparing and , and when the small permanent magnet will start to move along the arc trajectory. Then, according to the previous data, we move two adjacent large permanent magnets at the same time at a certain interval, record the movement trajectory of the small magnet, Finally, with the force calculation module of the COMSOL software, force analysis of small permanent magnets moving along arc trajectories. The data from this experiment will be used to determine the relative position relationship between two large permanent magnets adjacent to each other during the actual experiment, and under what conditions the small permanent magnets will move along the arc trajectory. The purpose of this experiment is to provide theoretical and data support for the subsequent practical experiments of the magnetic stereotactic system, and all parameters in the COMSOL software are derived from the actual measurement data, so as to improve the reliability of the simulation results.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Ma, Jun. "The Effect of the Horizontal Distance between the Permanent Magnets on the Levitation Force in Hybrid Magnetic Levitation System." Advanced Materials Research 750-752 (August 2013): 987–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.750-752.987.

Full text

Abstract:

It has been investigated that the interaction force in hybrid magnetic levitation systems with a GdBCO bulk superconductor and a permanent magnet system and two permanent magnets (PM2) and two cubic permanent magnets (PM3) system in their coaxial configuration at liquid nitrogen temperature. A single-domain GdBCO sample is of 20mm and 10mm in thickness, the permanent magnet PM1 is of rectangular parallelepiped shape, the permanent magnets PM2 and PM3 are of cubic shape; the system placed on the middle of system and their coaxial configuration; It is found that the maximum levitation force decreases from 46.3N to 16.3N while the horizontal distance (Dpp) between the rectangle permanent magnet and two cubic permanent magnets (PM2) is increased from 0mm to 24mm and the horizontal distance (Dsp) between a GdBCO bulk superconductor and two cubic permanent magnets (PM3) is 0mm, The results indicate that the higher levitation force can be obtained by introducing PM-PM levitation system based on scientific and reasonable design of the hybrid magnetic levitation system, which is helpful for designing and constructing superconducting magnetic levitation systems.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Zhu, Caoxiang, Kenneth Hammond, Adam Rutkowski, Keith Corrigan, Douglas Bishop, Arthur Brooks, Peter Dugan, et al. "PM4Stell: A prototype permanent magnet stellarator structure." Physics of Plasmas 29, no. 11 (November 2022): 112501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0102754.

Full text

Abstract:

Permanent magnets provide a possible solution to simplify complicated stellarator coils. A prototype permanent magnet stellarator structure, PM4Stell, has been funded to demonstrate the technical feasibility of using permanent magnets to create the shaping field of a stellarator. Permanent magnets in uniform cubes with three polarization directions will be carefully placed to generate the required magnetic field for a National Compact Stellarator eXperiment-like equilibrium together with planar toroidal field coils. Discrete magnets will be glued together and inserted into a “post-office-box-like” supporting structure. Electromagnetic and structural analyses have been done to validate the design. Error field correction magnets will be used to shim possible error fields. The design efforts of the prototype permanent magnet stellarator structure are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Nagai, Keita, Naohiro Sugita, and Tadahiko Shinshi. "Batch Fine Magnetic Pattern Transfer Method on Permanent Magnets Using Coercivity Change during Heating for Magnetic MEMS." Micromachines 15, no. 2 (February 7, 2024): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi15020248.

Full text

Abstract:

In magnetic microelectromechanical systems (MEMSs), permanent magnets in the form of a thick film or thin plate are used for structural and manufacturing purposes. However, the geometric shape induces a strong self-demagnetization field during thickness–direction magnetization, limiting the surface magnetic flux density and output power. The magnets must be segmented or magnetized in a fine and multi-pole manner to weaken the self-demagnetization field. Few studies have been performed on fine multi-pole magnetization techniques that can generate a higher surface magnetic flux density than segmented magnets and are suitable for mass production. This paper proposes a batch fine multi-pole magnetic pattern transfer (MPT) method for the magnets of MEMS devices. The proposed method uses two master magnets with identical magnetic patterns to sandwich a target magnet. Subsequently, the coercivity of the target magnet is reduced via heating, and the master magnet’s magnetic pattern is transferred to the target magnet. Stripe, checkerboard, and concentric circle patterns with a pole pitch of 0.3 mm are magnetized on the NdFeB master magnets N38EH with high intrinsic coercivity via laser-assisted heating magnetization. The MPT yields the highest surface magnetic flux density at 160 °C, reaching 39.7–66.1% of the ideal magnetization pattern on the NdFeB target magnet N35.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Panchal, T. H., A. N. Patel, and R. M. Patel. "Reduction of cogging torque of radial flux permanent magnet brushless DC motor by magnet shifting technique." Electrical Engineering & Electromechanics, no. 3 (May 30, 2022): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2074-272x.2022.3.03.

Full text

Abstract:

Introduction. In spite of many advantages of radial flux permanent magnet brushless DC motors it suffers from the distinct disadvantage of high cogging torque. The designer must emphasize to reduce the cogging torque during the design stage. This paper introduces magnet shifting technique to mitigate cogging torque of surface mounted radial flux brushless DC motor. Methodology. Initially 200 W, 1000 rpm surface mounted radial flux permanent magnet brushless DC motor is designed with symmetrical placement of permanent magnets with respect to each other on rotor core. Cogging torque profile of this initial motor is obtained by performing finite element modelling and analysis. Originality. This design has been improved by shifting the position of permanent magnets with respect to adjacent permanent magnets. The effect of magnet shifting on cogging torque has been analyzed by performing finite element analysis. Results. It has been examined that the peak to peak cogging torque is decreased from 1.1 N×m to 0.6 N×m with shifting of permanent magnets respectively.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Sun, R. X., Z. G. Deng, Y. F. Gou, Y. J. Li, J. Zheng, S. Y. Wang, and J. S. Wang. "Feasibility of low-cost magnetic rail designs by integrating ferrite magnets and NdFeB magnets for HTS Maglev systems." International Journal of Modern Physics B 29, no. 25n26 (October 14, 2015): 1542043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979215420436.

Full text

Abstract:

Permanent magnet guideway (PMG) is an indispensable part of high temperature superconducting (HTS) Maglev systems. Present PMGs are made of NdFeB magnets with excellent performance and cost much. As another permanent magnet material, the ferrite magnet is weak at magnetic energy product and coercive force, but inexpensive. So, it is a possible way to integrate the ferrite and NdFeB magnets for cutting down the cost of present PMGs. In the paper, the equivalent on magnetic field intensity between ferrite magnets and NdFeB magnets was evaluated by finite element simulation. According to the calculation results, the magnetic field of the PMG integrating ferrite magnets and NdFeB magnets can be increased remarkably comparing with the pure ferrite PMG. It indicates that low-cost PMG designs by integrating the two permanent magnet materials are feasible for the practical HTS Maglev system.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Chang, Sungwoo, Noboru Niguchi, Je-Hoon Lee, and Katsuhiro Hirata. "Improvement of Torque Performance and Energy Density of PM-Type Vernier Motor Utilizing Saddle Coil and Salient Pole." Applied Sciences 11, no. 6 (March 22, 2021): 2818. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11062818.

Full text

Abstract:

In electric motors, the use of rare-earth magnets has been increasing rapidly. A stronger magnet force of the magnet enables the motor’s higher performance, resulting in the most high-performance motors generally using rare-earth magnets. However, these magnets have two crucial disadvantages: the potential restrictions on the supply of rare-earth magnetic materials and the sharp fluctuation in price. Thus, many recent researches focus on developing high-performance electric motors and reducing the use of critical rare-earth magnets. By increasing the torque density of the motor, we can reduce the use of permanent magnets. Focusing on this point, and we presented a double half permanent magnet (DHPM)-type vernier motor. This paper proposed a new saddle coil permanent magnet vernier motor with improved performance compared to its predecessor. The main feature of the proposed motor is that the permanent magnet and coil in the stator of a DHPM-type vernier motor is replaced by salient poles and saddle coils, respectively. We also investigate its characteristics through various simulations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Wijaya, Fransisco Danang, Budi Azhari, and Harnoko Stephanus. "Optimum Permanent Magnets Configuration in Flat-Quasi Linear Permanent Magnet Generators." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 6, no. 6 (December 1, 2016): 2589. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v6i6.11966.

Full text

Abstract:

Flat-quasi type of linear permanent magnet generators (LPMGs) have been considered to be applied for several applications, such for wave energy conversion and free piston combustion engine. One of the important issues concerning LPMG is the permanent magnets configuration, due to its effects to the generator’s excitation performance. In this paper, a 1 kW flat-quasi LPMG would be designed and built. During the process, optimum permanent magnets configuration was required and researched. The optimum configuration considered the output power and resulted cogging force. Invetigation was then conducted by modifying several variables, including poles’ arrangement, pole length, number of pole, and pole skewing angle. The modification constraints were total permanent magnets’ volume and generator dimension. The results showed that permanent magnet configuration with halbach arrangement, pole length equals 55% of the slot pitch length, and 61.19o skewing angle produced the optimum output values.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Wijaya, Fransisco Danang, Budi Azhari, and Harnoko Stephanus. "Optimum Permanent Magnets Configuration in Flat-Quasi Linear Permanent Magnet Generators." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 6, no. 6 (December 1, 2016): 2589. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v6i6.pp2589-2602.

Full text

Abstract:

Flat-quasi type of linear permanent magnet generators (LPMGs) have been considered to be applied for several applications, such for wave energy conversion and free piston combustion engine. One of the important issues concerning LPMG is the permanent magnets configuration, due to its effects to the generator’s excitation performance. In this paper, a 1 kW flat-quasi LPMG would be designed and built. During the process, optimum permanent magnets configuration was required and researched. The optimum configuration considered the output power and resulted cogging force. Invetigation was then conducted by modifying several variables, including poles’ arrangement, pole length, number of pole, and pole skewing angle. The modification constraints were total permanent magnets’ volume and generator dimension. The results showed that permanent magnet configuration with halbach arrangement, pole length equals 55% of the slot pitch length, and 61.19o skewing angle produced the optimum output values.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Manh, Tien Ho, Dinh Bui Minh, Tu Pham Minh, and Vuong Dang Quoc. "Investigation of the Influence of Skewed Slots and Degmagnetization Effects to Line Start Permanent Magnet Assistance Synchronous Reluctance Motors." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 13, no. 1 (February 1, 2023): 9807–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.5307.

Full text

Abstract:

A permanent magnet assistance synchronous reluctance motor can start directly with a net voltage or a power converter via a torque control method. However, this motor has usually a higher irreversible demagnetization level in comparison with interior permanent magnet motors, due to the fewer permanent magnets in rotor slots. In order to cope with this disadvantage, different arrangements of permanent magnets in the rotor of the line-start permanent magnet assistance synchronous reluctance motor are proposed in this paper. The V magnet shape taking skewed slots and demagnetization effect into account with the short circuit current are investigated by the finite element approach. The efficiency, torque, and output power of the proposed model have been also improved. Finally, the rotor with 3V layered magnets is prototyped to verify the efficiency of the proposed motor.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Radwan-Pragłowska, Natalia, and Tomasz Węgiel. "Permanent Magnet Selections for AFPM Disc Generators." Energies 15, no. 20 (October 14, 2022): 7601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15207601.

Full text

Abstract:

In this article, the field (FEM) and analytical analyses were used for the optimal selection of magnets material for the Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Generator (AFPMG), without building the prototype before. The tested generator is an axial flux machine which consists of a single stator and two rotor discs with Permanent Magnets (PM). Three-dimensional (3D) ANSYS Maxwell package was used for magnetostatic and transient field (FEM) simulations. Two types of PM were selected for the analysis: Ceramic (also known as “Ferrite”) magnets made from Strontium Ferrite powder and Neodymium Iron Boron magnets (NdFeB). The authors compared obtained electromotive forces (EMF) and generator powers for selected magnets materials, performed FFT analyses of voltages and currents and indicated the optimal solutions. In addition to the operational properties of the AFPMG, the magnet and manufacturing costs were compared.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Pangkung, Andareas, A. M. Shiddiq Yunus, Mustari Nur Mulyadi, and Padidi Alfrianto Illa. "Rancang Bangun Alternator Mobil Menggunakan Magnet Permanen." Jurnal Teknik Mesin Sinergi 19, no. 2 (November 22, 2021): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.31963/sinergi.v19i2.3021.

Full text

Abstract:

The electric power system is one of the sources of electricity found in the vehicle which functions as a starter and electric component of the vehicle. The battery (battery) is a source of electricity to meet the electrical system in the car, but the battery is only a place to store electric charge. Therefore, there is an alternator as a power generator to charge the battery. The alternator on a car uses artificial magnets in its rotor which still require excitation. Therefore, it encourages the author to analyze the comparison of alternators using permanent magnets and artificial magnets. The problem that arises is how to compare rotation, voltage, and output power on the alternator using permanent magnets and artificial magnets. The purpose of this study was to determine the ratio of the output power generated by the alternator using permanent magnets and artificial magnets. Research and Development Methods are research methods used to produce certain products, and test the effectiveness of these products. Based on the results of the tests carried out, it was found that at the same rotation an alternator with a permanent magnet generates a greater output power than the artificial magnet. However, at the same rotation the motor requires more input power to rotate the alternator when using permanent magnets. When the alternator output voltage is the same, the rotation of the alternator using the permanent magnet is lower.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Li, Ziwei, Afef Kedous-Lebouc, Jean-Marc Dubus, Lauric Garbuio, and Sophie Personnaz. "Direct reuse strategies of rare earth permanent magnets for PM electrical machines – an overview study." European Physical Journal Applied Physics 86, no. 2 (May 2019): 20901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2019180289.

Full text

Abstract:

The global supply of heavy rare earth magnets can become risky with the soaring demand of rare earth permanent magnet (PM) machines. One of the promising solutions is to reuse or recycle permanent magnets from end-of-Life electrical machines. This paper is an overview study of the state-of-the-art permanent magnet reuse and recycling research for electrical machines. Some methodologies for quantifying the recyclability of permanent magnet of electrical machines are also introduced.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Ma, Jun. "The Effect of the Distance between the Permanent Magnets on the Levitation Force in Hybrid Magnetic Levitation System." Advanced Materials Research 721 (July 2013): 278–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.721.278.

Full text

Abstract:

t has been investigated that the interaction force in hybrid magnetic levitation systems with two GdBCO bulk superconductors and two permanent magnets system and a cubic permanent magnet (PM2) and a cubic permanent magnet (PM3) system in their coaxial configuration at liquid nitrogen temperature. The two single-domain GdBCO samples are of φ20mm and 10mm in thickness, the permanent magnet PM1 is of rectangular parallelepiped shape, the permanent magnets PM2 and PM3 are of cubic shape; the system placed on the middle of system and their coaxial configuration; It is found that the maximum levitation force decreases from 40.6N to 17.8N while the distance (Dpp) between the permanent magnets is increased from 0mm to 24mm and the distance (Dsp) between the two GdBCO bulk superconductors and a cubic permanent magnet PM3 is 0mm, The results indicate that the higher levitation force can be obtained by introducing PM-PM levitation system based on scientific and reasonable design of the hybrid magnetic levitation system, which is helpful for designing and constructing superconducting magnetic levitation systems.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Goll, Dagmar, Felix Trauter, Ralf Loeffler, Thomas Gross, and Gerhard Schneider. "Additive Manufacturing of Textured FePrCuB Permanent Magnets." Micromachines 12, no. 9 (August 31, 2021): 1056. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12091056.

Full text

Abstract:

Permanent magnets based on FePrCuB were realized on a laboratory scale through additive manufacturing (laser powder bed fusion, L-PBF) and book mold casting (reference). A well-adjusted two-stage heat treatment of the as-cast/as-printed FePrCuB alloys produces hard magnetic properties without the need for subsequent powder metallurgical processing. This resulted in a coercivity of 0.67 T, remanence of 0.67 T and maximum energy density of 69.8 kJ/m3 for the printed parts. While the annealed book-mold-cast FePrCuB alloys are easy-plane permanent magnets (BMC magnet), the printed magnets are characterized by a distinct, predominantly directional microstructure that originated from the AM process and was further refined during heat treatment. Due to the higher degree of texturing, the L-PBF magnet has a 26% higher remanence compared to the identically annealed BMC magnet of the same composition.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Iwashita, Yoshihisa, Masashi Abe, Tomoki Yako, Yasuhiro Fuwa, and Nobuhiro Terunuma. "Bipolar Correction Magnet With Permanent Magnets." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 30, no. 4 (June 2020): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2020.2968042.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Fujii, Nobuo, Kokichi Ogawa, and Toshio Matsumoto. "Revolving magnet wheels with permanent magnets." Electrical Engineering in Japan 116, no. 1 (1996): 106–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.4391160110.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Mills, Allan. "William Gilbert and ‘Magnetization by Percussion’." Notes and Records of the Royal Society 65, no. 4 (June 2011): 411–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2011.0014.

Full text

Abstract:

In his De Magnete William Gilbert claims that it is possible to make a magnet by hammering a red-hot bar of wrought iron arranged north–south on an anvil. This is contrary to modern ideas concerning the ‘Curie temperature’ (770°C for carbon steel), and to the recognized susceptibility of steel magnets to mechanical abuse. It has proved impossible to replicate Gilbert's technique experimentally. Only lengthy cold hammering of hardened carbon steel specimens on a large ferrous anvil produced weak permanent magnets.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Yoon, Keun-young, and Yong-min You. "Optimal Design of a Novel Consequent-Pole Interior Permanent Magnet Motor with Flared-Structured Rotor." Applied Sciences 14, no. 4 (February 12, 2024): 1496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14041496.

Full text

Abstract:

Interior permanent magnet motors are widely used in applications requiring high power density and high efficiency due to their high torque-generating capabilities. Recently, given the price fluctuations and unstable supply of rare earth permanent magnets, alternative configurations with reduced use of permanent magnets are being sought. Among the various candidates related to this, the consequent-pole type rotor structure can halve the number of permanent magnets used compared with conventional structures. However, in a no-load analysis, the waveform of the back electromotive force becomes asymmetric, generating a harmonic component. As a result, there is a disadvantage that the torque ripple increases. To overcome these shortcomings, we propose a novel rotor structure that applies a consequent-pole structure to an embedded permanent-magnet motor structure, wherein a number of permanent magnets are arranged in a flared structure to constitute a single polarity. In the proposed flared-structured magnet arrangement, it is possible to adjust the angle of the permanent magnet and the polar angle to mitigate the asymmetry of the back-EMF waveform. The proposed structure was optimized with a genetic algorithm and a prototype of the optimal model was constructed and experimentally evaluated to verify its validity. Finally, the performance improvement and validity of the proposed structure were verified by comparing the analysis results of the optimal model with the experimental results.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Baloyi, Mphamela Enos, Phuti Ngoepe, and Hasani Chauke. "The influence of Holmium substitution on the magnetic and mechanical properties of Nd₂Fe₁₄B: a first principle study." MATEC Web of Conferences 388 (2023): 07004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202338807004.

Full text

Abstract:

In this study, the ab initio density functional theory (DFT) approach is used to investigate the effect of Holmium (Ho) on the magnetic and mechanical properties of Nd2Fe14B magnets. Neodymium-based permanent magnets (Nd2Fe14B) are the potential permanent magnets to be used in various applications such as wind turbines and electric vehicles. These magnets possess high magnetic field strength and resistance to demagnetization. However, they suffer from low operating temperatures below 585 K. Substitution of Nd with Ho enhances the magnetic strength of the Nd2Fe14B permanent magnet. NdHoFe14B magnets are found to be thermodynamically stable due to negative heats of formation, which is in good agreement with the calculated density of states. Partial substitution of Nd with Ho improves the stability and the magnetic strength of Nd2Fe14B permanent magnets. The findings will provide insight into the future development of permanent magnetic compounds with good magnetic strength.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Möwius, Stefan, Nicolas Kropff, and Mircea Velicescu. "Measurement technologies for permanent magnets." ACTA IMEKO 7, no. 4 (January 9, 2019): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v7i4.572.

Full text

Abstract:

Permanent magnets have a broad application in many important fields in modern technology. They have become indispensable in the automotive, aerospace, acoustic, telecommunications, energy generation, and many more industries. Physically, a permanent magnet is a metastable system. Fluctuations in composition and processing parameters can cause fluctuations in magnetic properties. To obtain the optimal performance in their application, users require careful control of non-machined parts and of the finished machined magnets. In most cases, the measurement of the final control of the assembled magnetic systems must be performed. The aim of this paper is to review the most common measurement methods used for the magnetic properties of permanent magnets, to comment on their advantages and limitations, and to discuss the level of accuracy that they can achieve.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Han, Zefeng, Engang Wang, and Lin Xu. "Study the Effect of SEN Depth on Jet Flow and Level Fluctuation under Permanent Magnet Controlling in Continuous Casting Mould by Numerical Simulation." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2329, no. 1 (August 1, 2022): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2329/1/012010.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract In this paper, a new method named permanent magnet controlling mould to get majorization flow pattern and suppress fluctuation of free surface was proposed. The effect of permanent magnet controlling on the molten steel in the continuous casting process is simulated by using k-ε turbulence model. The features of permanent magnetic field and flow field inside a 1450 mm × 230 mm mould with combined permanent magnets have been calculated. The calculated results showed that the magnetic field generated by combined permanent magnets could take over both meniscus region and jet flow impingement region. Additionally, Lorentz force generated by the combined permanent magnets can effectively control the upper vortex and suppress the level fluctuation. With the SEN depth increasing, the fluctuation of free surface becomes more stable. However, the lower vortex core gets into the deeper of the slab.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Corner, W. D. "Permanent magnets." Physics in Technology 19, no. 4 (July 1988): 158–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4624/19/4/305.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Yang, YiFei, and XiaoBin Zhu. "Analysis of the operating principle of a dual-armature consequent-pole bearingless flux reversal permanent magnet machine." AIP Advances 12, no. 8 (August 1, 2022): 085315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0083907.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper proposes a new type of dual-armature alternating pole bearingless magnetic flux reverse permanent magnet machine, which combines the advantages of the alternating pole structure and the dual-armature structure. This machine shows the advantages of high torque density and good fault tolerance, which can not only reduce the number of permanent magnets but also further improve the machine’s torque. It is suitable for use in wind power, aerospace, and other applications. The dual-armature alternating pole bearingless magnetic flux reverse permanent magnet machine is used to improve the torque performance and suspension force. Based on the dual-armature alternating pole magnetic flux reverse machine, by adding an additional set of stator teeth to suspended windings, a new type of dual-armature alternating pole bearingless magnetic flux reverse permanent magnet machine is obtained. The number of permanent magnets is halved, and each permanent magnet has the same polarity. The ferromagnetic pole piece next to the permanent magnet automatically acts as the other pole. Based on the introduction of its related structure, the stator flux, rotor flux, stator back electromotive force, cogging torque, electromagnetic torque, etc., are analyzed. This new machine can reduce the number of permanent magnets and has a higher torque conferring advantages of output capacity and low torque ripple.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Yang, Jiajia, Rujun Wu, and Chenbing Wang. "Effect of Permanent Magnet Segmentation Structure on Eddy Current Loss of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2655, no. 1 (November 1, 2023): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2655/1/012026.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract For this essay, the mechanism of cutting a magnet to reduce its loss is investigated using the equivalent circuit of magnet segmentation, and the method is verified by the finite element method. The results indicate that the segmentation of magnets can effectively reduce the eddy current loss of magnets. The larger the product of segmented lengths is, the smaller the eddy current loss is. The higher the number of segments is, the lower of loss value is. The rotational speed and eddy current loss are in the square. Load multiple and eddy current loss is in cubic growth.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Accardo, Antonella, Trentalessandro Costantino, and Ezio Spessa. "LCA of Recycled (NdDy)FeB Permanent Magnets through Hydrogen Decrepitation." Energies 17, no. 4 (February 15, 2024): 908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17040908.

Full text

Abstract:

Compared to conventional fossil-fueled vehicles, electric vehicles offer several environmental benefits. However, even electric vehicles are not completely environmentally friendly because many of their parts are not recycled today. These parts, especially the magnets that power them, end up in landfills at the end of the vehicle’s life cycle. This study aims to evaluate the environmental impacts of recycled (NdDy)FeB permanent magnets obtained by means of a novel hydrogen-decrepitation-based, magnet-to-magnet recycling technique. The Life Cycle Assessment methodology was used to compare, on a like-to-like basis, recycled and virgin permanent magnets. The core data provided by an industry partner served as the foundation for modelling the recycling process. Three different functional units were investigated based on three parameters, namely the magnet mass, magnetization coercivity, and energy product. Results revealed that the recycled magnet outperformed the virgin magnet in most impact categories. In terms of carbon footprint, recycling permanent magnets through hydrogen decrepitation would allow for an 18─33% reduction with respect to their production from virgin materials, depending on the assumed functional unit.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Martinez, Maria, David Reigosa, Daniel Fernandez, and Fernando Briz. "Comparative Analysis of High Frequency Signal Injection Based Torque Estimation Methods for SPMSM, IPMSM and SynRM." Energies 13, no. 3 (January 28, 2020): 592. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13030592.

Full text

Abstract:

Torque estimation in permanent magnet synchronous machines and synchronous reluctance machines is required in many applications. Torque produced by a permanent magnet synchronous machine depends on the permanent magnets’ flux and d q -axes inductances, whereas torque in synchronous reluctance machines depends on the d q -axes inductances. Consequently, precise knowledge of these parameters is required for proper torque estimation. The use of high frequency signal both for permanent magnets’ flux and d q -axes inductances estimation has been recently shown to be a viable option. This paper reviews the physical principles, implementation and performance of high-frequency signal injection based torque estimation for permanent magnet synchronous machines and synchronous reluctance machines.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Efremov, Dmitry, Alla Gerasimova, Nikita Kislykh, and Cristina Shaibel. "Additive Technology Methods for Manufacturing Permanent Magnets." MATEC Web of Conferences 346 (2021): 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202134601010.

Full text

Abstract:

The paper presents the results of studying the possibility of using the selective laser melting method for production of permanent magnets. This process allows to manufacture not only product models and prototypes, but also finished functional products by adding material layer by layer and bonding particles and layers to each other. We have considered the application areas of selective laser melting (SLM) based on powders obtained by different methods for the study. In addition, we have analyzed the traditional magnetic alloy casting technology, studied magnetic materials, and compared the powder magnet properties with standard data. We have found that the parameters of powders obtained by gas atomization are qualitatively superior to those of powders obtained using other methods, whereas the resulting magnets meet the requirements for magnets. Based on the 25Kh15KA alloy powder atomized by gas atomization, a SLM plant allows to manufacture permanent magnets with a material density of 7.59–7.55 g/cu.cm, which meets the requirements recommended by the State Standard GOST 24897-81, and to obtain the magnet properties that can be achieved using traditional metallurgical technologies.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Wu, Shasha, Baojian Wang, Tao Zhang, and Quanhao Gu. "Design Optimization and Electromagnetic Performance Analysis of an Axial-Flux Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor with Unequal-Thickness Magnets." Applied Sciences 12, no. 15 (August 5, 2022): 7863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12157863.

Full text

Abstract:

To improve electromagnetic performance, an axial-flux permanent magnet brushless DC motor (AFPMBLDCM) with unequal-thickness arc permanent magnets is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the structure and magnetic circuit of the AFPMBLDCM with unequal-thickness arc permanent magnets were designed. Then, the mathematical models and design method of the main parameters were derived. According to the rated power and rated speed, the main parameters were further designed, and the analytical model was established by using Maxwell 3D. The air-gap flux density, back electromotive force (EMF) and torque under no-load and load conditions were calculated and analyzed to verify the validity of the model and design. Finally, based on a parameter scanning optimization method, the effects of the permanent magnet thickness, pole arc coefficient and permanent magnet radius on cogging torque were analyzed. The optimized parameters of the AFPMBLDCM with unequal-thickness arc permanent magnets were obtained. The results show that the sinusoidal degree of the air-gap magnetic field is improved, and the maximum torque ripple of the AFPMBLDCM is reduced to 2.92%.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Wang, Zhi Hua, Mei Zhang, Na Li, and Li Wang. "Simulation and Experimental Study of Oscillator for Permanent Magnet Vibration-to-Electrical Power Generator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 483 (December 2013): 158–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.483.158.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper presents the simulation and testing of Vibration-to-Electrical Power Generators (VEPG) with different kinds of permanent magnet oscillators for scavenging ambient vibrations. The finite element method is used for magnetic fields calculation. Firstly, single permanent magnet type oscillators are simulated under the sinusoidal vibration. The calculation results show that the permanent magnet oscillator with diameter 20 mm and height 5 mm will realize 4 V peak-peak voltage. Secondly, multiple permanent magnets type oscillators are simulated under the same vibration and comparative studied with the single permanent magnet type. The results show that multiple permanent magnets oscillator with suitable structure will dramatically improve the power density of VEPG. By the end, prototypes with different kinds of oscillators are tested on the condition of sinusoidal vibration. And the experimental results agree well with the simulation ones.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Garwood, Davis, Liyu Liu, Jirayu Mongkolkiattichai, Jin Yang, and Peter Schauss. "A hybrid Zeeman slower for lithium." Review of Scientific Instruments 93, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 033202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0081080.

Full text

Abstract:

Zeeman slowers come in two commonly used types: electromagnet-based slowers and permanent-magnet slowers. Both have characteristic advantages and disadvantages. The electric currents required to create strong magnetic fields lead to heat dissipation that limits the achievable fields, while permanent-magnet slowers cause bias magnetic fields at the position of the magneto-optical trap. Here, we combine both approaches and their advantages at our lithium-6 triangular-lattice quantum gas microscope and extend the field of an electromagnet-based Zeeman slower using permanent magnets. We observe nearly doubled loading rates of the magneto-optical trap and no significant stray fields in the trapping region. Our approach allows for a stronger magnetic field in places where geometric constraints prevent the use of coils, and it provides a low-cost upgrade to the loading rate at established experiments.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Oka, Masaru, Takashi Todaka, Masato Enokizono, Kousuke Nagaya, and Tomoyuki Fujita. "Study on Improvement of Transmission Torque for a Surface Permanent Magnet Type Magnetic Gear." Materials Science Forum 721 (June 2012): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.721.237.

Full text

Abstract:

Magnetic gears are a force transmitter consisting of permanent magnets. The mechanical input can be transmitted to an output shaft without contact by magnetic forces. The magnetic gears are not worn out because there is no friction. As a result, the running costs such as the maintenance fee can be suppressed and the resources can be saved. However, the transmission torques of the conventional magnetic gears, which have so far been developed, are very low. Besides, new structure models designed for high torque density need a lot of permanent magnets and multi-pole constructions. Those structures are complex and the manufacturing is difficult. In this research, we applied a flux concentration type surface permanent magnet arrangement to a surface permanent magnet type magnetic gear in order to improve the transmission torque and to reduce the amount of permanent magnets. The magnetic flux distribution, the gap flux density and the transmission torque of the developed new models are numerically analyzed by using the two-dimensional finite element method. In this paper, a permanent magnet structure optimized to reduce its amount and influence of the flux concentration type surface permanent magnet arrangement on the gap flux density distribution and transmission torque are reported.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Kriswanto, Rizqi Fitri Nuryanto, Renaldy Prasdiansyah, Dony Hidayat Al-Janan, Widya Aryadi, Ahmad Roziqin, Samsudin Anis, Wirawan Sumbodo, and Jamari. "Analysis of an Axial Permanent Magnetic Bearing for 1MW Horizontal Axis Wind." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 94, no. 1 (April 19, 2022): 172–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.94.1.172187.

Full text

Abstract:

One way to reduce maintenance costs while improving wind turbine efficiency is to replace mechanical bearings with permanent magnetic bearings. The permanent magnetic bearing is a free contact bearing in which the rotor is elevated from the stator by the magnet's repelling force. The purpose of this study is to analyze the variation of permanent magnet width and the gap distance between the rotor-stator magnets that can produce the magnetic axial force opposing the thrust force of 1MW horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWT). The method used in this study is a magnetic force simulation using finite element method by varying the magnet thickness, width of the gap, and displacement between the rotor-stator of the PMB model. The PMB model consists of rotor and stator magnets arranged in 3 layers with Nd2Fe14B type material with a magnetic flux density of 1.45 T. Variations in thickness of the rotor and stator magnets are 0.1; 0.15, respectively; 0.2 (m), while variations in the width of the magnetic gap are 4, 5, 6 (mm). The results of the study found that the displacement that produces an axial magnetic force that can support a thrust force of 199.5kN is the lowest in the PMB model with a magnetic thickness of 0.15m with a magnetic gap of 4mm, while the highest is at a magnetic thickness of 0.1m with a magnet gap of 6mm. The greater the thickness of the PMB axial magnet design, the greater the displacement that provides zero axial magnetic forces. Further, the maximum of the magnetic axial force is rise on with increasing magnet thickness.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Dobzhanskyi, Oleksandr, Viktor Grebenikov, Rupert Gouws, Rostyslav Gamaliia, and Eklas Hossain. "Comparative Thermal and Demagnetization Analysis of the PM Machines with Neodymium and Ferrite Magnets." Energies 15, no. 12 (June 20, 2022): 4484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15124484.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper provides computer analysis and experiential investigation of the permanent magnet machines with neodymium and ferrite permanent magnets to discuss the feasibility of utilizing induction machines-oriented equipment for PM machine production. For this purpose, the machines are obtained by replacing the squirrel-cage rotor of the induction motor with the flux-focusing (tangential) and surface-mounted (radial) permanent magnet rotors. Electromechanical parameters of the machines as electromagnetic torque and output power are discussed and compared. The temperatures of the neodymium and ferrite magnets are also calculated at rated current, and short circuit scenarios and the performance of two different cooling systems in minimizing the temperature effect on the machines are investigated. Furthermore, the demagnetization of permanent magnets at various load conditions is also studied. Finally, the results of the computer modeling are validated by the physical prototypes of the machines. The characteristics of the electrical machines under study were calculated using the Simcenter MagNet and Simcenter MotorSolve software packages.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Paranthaman, M. Parans, Volkan Yildirim, Tej Nath Lamichhane, Benjamin A. Begley, Brian K. Post, Ahmed A. Hassen, Brian C. Sales, Kinjal Gandha, and Ikenna C. Nlebedim. "Additive Manufacturing of Isotropic NdFeB PPS Bonded Permanent Magnets." Materials 13, no. 15 (July 26, 2020): 3319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13153319.

Full text

Abstract:

Extrusion based additive manufacturing of polymer composite magnets can increase the solid loading volume fraction with greater mechanical force through the printing nozzle as compared to traditional injection molding process. About 63 vol% of isotropic NdFeB magnet powders were compounded with 37 vol% of polyphenylene sulfide and bonded permanent magnets were fabricated while using Big Area Additive Manufacturing without any degradation in magnetic properties. The polyphenylene sulfide bonded magnets have a tensile stress of 20 MPa, almost double than that of nylon bonded permanent magnets. Additively manufactured and surface-protective-resin coated bonded magnets meet the industrial stability criterion of up to 175 °C with a flux-loss of 2.35% over 1000 h. They also exhibit better corrosion resistance behavior when exposed to acidic (pH = 1.35) solution for 24 h and also annealed at 80 °C over 100 h (at 95% relative humidity) over without coated magnets. Thus, polyphenylene sulfide bonded, additively manufactured, protective resin coated bonded permanent magnets provide better thermal, mechanical, and magnetic properties.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Kappel, Wilhelm. "Energy saving using permanent magnets on the electric machines." Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation 4, no. 1 (March 5, 2019): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2019.4.1.57.

Full text

Abstract:

The paper deals with the energy balance of permanent magnets in their circuit of use, when its permeance varies. The focus is on the dynamic-permanent circuit, in which the magnet is magnetized in the circuit. Its main features are defined and described operation using the demagnetization curve, the load line and the return curve. It is demonstrated that performing mechanical work in a cyclical evolution is possible only by external energy input. The different types of permanent magnets are presented and described to be used at high temperature. Electric motors that use permanent magnets instead of electric excitation lead to significant energy savings.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Ichimura, Yoshihiro, Hideki Takezawa, and Naotake Mohri. "Relationship between Magnetic Flux Density and Temperature Distributions of Permanent Magnets by EDM." Key Engineering Materials 523-524 (November 2012): 322–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.523-524.322.

Full text

Abstract:

It is difficult to machine permanent magnets by traditional machining such as turning, milling and grinding, because of magnetic force. However, electrical discharge machining (EDM), which is a non-contact thermal machining method, has been used for shape machining of magnetic materials. In the EDM process, non-magnetic materials such as copper and graphite are typically used for electrodes. Magnetic materials have a Curie point; therefore, their magnetic flux density reduces when they are heated to a high temperature. Because EDM is a thermal process, it has the potential to control the magnetic flux density of a machined surface. In this study, to clarify the relationship between magnetic flux density and temperature distributions in depth direction of permanent magnest by EDM, internal temperatures of magnets were investigated using a K type thermo couple during EDM. Neodymium magnets were used as work-pieces. The magnetic flux density of a machined neodymium magnet was measured. In addition, the effects of duty factor (D.F.) were also examined. The results showed that the average temperature inside of the magnet is determined by the input energy, depending on the discharge conditions. A decrease of surface magnetic flux density after EDM is affected by the magnitude of the area and the amount of decrease is due to the increase of the internal temperature of the magnet. Therefore, it isn’t determined by the magnitude of the simple input energy.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Erhart, Jiří, and Pavlína Hejsková. "Investigating magnetization of permanent magnets by magnetic flux viewing film." Physics Education 59, no. 2 (February 13, 2024): 025023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6552/ad2190.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Permanent magnets are used in many current industrial as well as home appliances today. Frequently, kitchen plastic magnets could be found at the refrigerators at home. However, the magnetic domain structure of such permanent plastic foils is not known and understood to the users at all. The purpose of this paper is to explain the magnetic domain structure of plastic magnets with Halbach array and ferrite or neodymium magnet polarization orientation. Principles of magnetic field visualization foils (magnetic flux detector and colour changing viewing film) is explained and demonstrated on multipole magnetic structures. Experiments with magnetic polarization reversal by the strong neodymium magnet in weaker ferrite magnetic material is demonstrated. All presented principles are collected in the simple magnetic set and suggested for education of school children of different ages. Elementary school children below 10 years age are mostly interested only in making hidden pictures in magnetic paper and ferrite magnet. Older school children of 11–12 years are able to absorb more knowledge about behaviour and properties of magnets.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Fernandez, Daniel, Maria Martinez, David Reigosa, Juan M. Guerrero, Carlos Manuel Suarez Alvarez, and Fernando Briz. "Permanent Magnets Aging in Variable Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 56, no. 3 (May 2020): 2462–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.2020.2968872.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Benyoucef, Djilali, Rachid Taleb, and M'hamed Helaimi. "Effect of the permanent magnets locations on the voltage generated by permanent magnet generator." Journal of Renewable Energies 21, no. 4 (December 31, 2018): 675–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.54966/jreen.v21i4.720.

Full text

Abstract:

Currently, the permanent magnet generators find wide application in the renewable energies field such as the conversion of the wind energy or the tidal energy to an electrical energy. The main objective of this work is the calculation of the magnetic field created by the permanent magnets of the both selected rotor types (magnets on surface and inset type magnets) by taking into account the rotation of the rotor, and therefore the calculation of the electric field induced in the stator, which allows us to calculate the electromotive force exerted on the conductors of the stator coils in order to know the induced voltage by each generator, then, we make a comparison between them to determine the type of generator most answered in the industry. To reach our goal we use the finite elements method to solve the partial derivative equations those describe this physics problem.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Hammond, K. C., C. Zhu, K. Corrigan, D. A. Gates, R. Lown, R. Mercurio, T. M. Qian, and M. C. Zarnstorff. "Design of an arrangement of cubic magnets for a quasi-axisymmetric stellarator experiment." Nuclear Fusion 62, no. 12 (November 15, 2022): 126065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ac906e.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The usage of permanent magnets to shape the confining magnetic field of a stellarator has the potential to reduce or eliminate the need for non-planar coils. As a proof-of-concept for this idea, we have developed a procedure for designing an array of cubic permanent magnets that works in tandem with a set of toroidal-field (TF) coils to confine a stellarator plasma. All of the magnets in the design are constrained to have identical geometry and one of three polarization types in order to simplify fabrication while still producing sufficient field accuracy. We present some of the key steps leading to the design, including the geometric arrangement of the magnets around the device, the procedure for optimizing the polarizations according to the three allowable magnet types, and the choice of magnet types to be used. We apply these methods to design an array of rare-Earth permanent magnets that can be paired with a set of planar TF coils to confine a quasi-axisymmetric plasma with a toroidal magnetic field strength of about 0.5 T on axis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Prokofev, Pavel A., Natalia B. Kolchugina, Katerina Skotnicova, Gennady S. Burkhanov, Miroslav Kursa, Mark V. Zheleznyi, Nikolay A. Dormidontov, et al. "Blending Powder Process for Recycling Sintered Nd-Fe-B Magnets." Materials 13, no. 14 (July 8, 2020): 3049. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13143049.

Full text

Abstract:

The wide application of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets, in addition to rare-earth metal resource constraints, creates the necessity of the development of efficient technologies for recycling sintered Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets. In the present study, a magnet-to-magnet recycling process is considered. As starting materials, magnets of different grades were used, which were processed by hydrogen decrepitation and blending the powder with NdHx. Composition inhomogeneity in the Nd2Fe14B-based magnetic phase grains in the recycled magnets and the existence of a core-shell structure consisting of a Nd-rich (Dy-depleted) core and Nd-depleted (Dy-enriched) shell are demonstrated. The formation of this structure results from the grain boundary diffusion process of Dy that occurs during the sintering of magnets prepared from a mixture of Dy-free (N42) and Dy-containing magnets. The increase in the coercive force of the N42 magnet was shown to be 52%. The simultaneous retention of the remanence, and even its increase, were observed and explained by the improved isolation of the main magnetic phase grains as well as their alignment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Mörée, Gustav, and Mats Leijon. "Overview of Hybrid Excitation in Electrical Machines." Energies 15, no. 19 (October 2, 2022): 7254. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15197254.

Full text

Abstract:

Hybrid excitation is a technology that combines the advantages of field windings and permanent magnets for inducing magnetic flux. This article studies the benefits of hybrid excitation and provides an outlook on their possible applications, such as wind power generators and electric vehicle motors. Compared to permanent magnet-based machines, hybrid excitation gives a variable flux while still using the advantage of the permanent magnets for a portion of the flux. This article also looks into some different categories of machines developed for hybrid excitation. The categories are based on the reluctance circuit, the relative geometrical location of the field windings relative to the permanent magnets, or the placement of the excitation system.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Nurmalia, Alif, Widyono Hadi, and Widya Cahyadi. "Performance Test of Three-Phase Brushless Direct Current Motor Axial Flux with Differences Diameter of Neodymium Type Permanent Magnet." ELKHA 13, no. 1 (April 20, 2021): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v13i1.41693.

Full text

Abstract:

Technology that is growing rapidly and innovations that have sprung up in the electrical field today are driving the use of electricity as a source of energy to do work. Electric motor is one component that is very popular in the industrial world and households that are useful to human life. In addition to DC motors and induction motors, there are also 3 phase brushless direct current (BLDC) motors which are a type of synchronous motor where magnetic fields are produced by rotor and stator at the same frequency. The rotor is a moving part of the brushless direct current motor which is a place of permanent magnet called a pole. This paper discusses the performance of brushless direct current 3 phase axial flux motors with different diameters of neodymium type permanent magnets. Tests carried out using neodymium permanent magnets with diameters of 15mm x 2mm and 20mm x 2mm were tested without using a load and using load. The parameters used in testing motor performance include speed, torque, and motor power with a source voltage of 12V, 16V, 20V, and 24V. The test results shows that the speed value of a BLDC motor using permanent magnets with a size of 20mm x 2mm is greater than that of permanent magnets of 15mm x 2mm. The same thing applies to the value of the power produced while, for the value of torque when the motor uses a permanent magnet of 15mm x 2mm will be greater than that of a motor using a permanent magnet of 20mm x 2mm.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Heydari, M. B., M. Asgari, L. Gharib, A. Keshtkar, N. Jafari, and M. Zolfaghari. "A Novel Augmented Railgun Using Permanent Magnets." Advanced Electromagnetics 8, no. 1 (June 9, 2019): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v8i1.961.

Full text

Abstract:

A novel augmented railgun using a permanent magnet is proposed in this paper. The effects of the permanent magnet on the magnetic field and distribution of current density have been investigated. High current densities in the railguns can lead to high local temperature and erosion of the rails. Therefore, the current densities in the rails and armature should be decreased without the reduction of the Lorentz force which is required for acceleration. For this purpose, augmentation of the magnetic field can be used as an effective method. The Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations have been applied in this article to analyze the performance of the railgun in the presence of the magnets. Two augmented railgun structures have been introduced to produce a constant external magnetic field. For both structures, augmented railgun characteristics are studied in comparison to the railgun without the augmentation. The results show that augmentation with permanent magnet increases railgun efficiency, especially in low current railguns. For pulse current source I=30kA, Lorentz force of the augmented railgun with four magnets is 2.02 times greater than the conventional railgun.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Permanent magnets'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles