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Journal articles on the topic 'Permanent magnet sychronous generators (PMSG)'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

German-Galkin, Sergiei, Dariusz Tarnapowicz, and Valentin S. Tomasov. "The Use of Topology of IHBI Inverters in Parallel Operation of Ship Generating Sets With PMSG Generators." New Trends in Production Engineering 1, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 309–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ntpe-2018-0038.

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Abstract One of the methods to improve the efficiency of the ship’s propulsion is the increase of efficiency in ship generators by using permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG – Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator). Due to the lack of voltage regulator in PMSG, it is necessary to use power electronic converters to maintain a constant voltage level. One of the modes of operation for a ship’s power plant is a parallel work of generating sets. In the parallel work, there are problems in the fluctuation of active and reactive electrical power between generators. The article presents the concept of using inverters in the IHBI topology, which enables the parallel operation of generating sets with PMSG generators. This solution enables the adjustment of the flow of active and reactive powers between generating sets.
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2

Lee, Chung-Seong, and Hae-Joong Kim. "Induced EMF THD Reduction Design of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators for Diesel Engine Generators." Processes 9, no. 6 (June 3, 2021): 986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9060986.

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This paper deals with design of permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG) for diesel engine generators. The PMSG is required to reduce the total harmonic distortion (THD) reduction of the induced electromotive force (EMF) for the enhancement of power quality. In this paper, a design method is proposed to reduce the THD of the induced EMF for power quality enhancement in the PMSG. First, the selection process for the number of poles and slots is described. Second, the rotor shape design is proposed using an eccentric curve and slit shape. Based on the results of the first process, the optimal rotor shape is selected to achieve the additional THD reduction of the induced EMF. Finally, the performance for the optimal rotor shape is verified through a 2-dimensional finite element analysis (2D FEA) and prototype.
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3

Zhao, Chao Hui, Jin Cai Li, Jian Long Sun, and Xin Hu. "The Field Current Research on Paratactic Structure Hybrid Excitation Synchronous Generators for Wind Power Generation." Advanced Materials Research 818 (September 2013): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.818.159.

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In order to deal with the difficulty of magnetic field adjustment in permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG), this paper proposed a novel paratactic structure hybrid excitation synchronous generators (HESG) and presented the basic configuration and its principle. Then, it analyzed three combination methodsof PMSG and the electro-excitation synchronous generators (EESG) in HESG,and also presented calculation way of field current in HESG. Finally, the experimental results proved the correctness of those analyses.
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4

Merzoug, M. S., H. Benall, and L. Louze. "Sliding Mode Control (SMC) Of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators (PMSG)." Energy Procedia 18 (2012): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2012.05.016.

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5

Jung, Kyoung Hun, and Jang Young Choi. "Experimental Verification and Performance Analysis of Permanent Magnet Wind Turbine Generators Considering Magnetic Losses." Applied Mechanics and Materials 799-800 (October 2015): 1349–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.799-800.1349.

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This paper deals with experimental verification and performance analysis of permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) for wind power generation considering magnetic losses using d-q axis model. The d-q voltage equation of the PMSG is derived. The equations for losses such as copper loss, core loss and mechanical loss are also derived. Finally, by implementing dynamic simulation block diagram for the prediction of generating performance considering losses using MATLAB/SIMULINK, the generating performances of the PMSG are predicted under various speeds and loads. The predicted results are validated extensively by finite element (FE) analyses and measurements.
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6

Santiago, Jesús Antonio Enríquez, Orlando Lastres Danguillecourt, Guillermo Ibáñez Duharte, Jorge Evaristo Conde Díaz, Antonio Verde Añorve, Quetzalcoatl Hernandez Escobedo, Joel Pantoja Enríquez, et al. "Dimensioning Optimization of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator for Direct Drive Wind Turbines." Energies 14, no. 21 (November 1, 2021): 7106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217106.

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In the present work, a methodology that allows optimizing the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) design by establishing limit values of magnet radius and length that maximize efficiency for the nominal parameters of the wind turbine is developed. The methodology consists of two fundamental models. One model calculates the generator parameters from the radius of the magnet base, and the other optimization model determines two optimum generators according to the optimization criteria of maximum efficiency and maximum efficiency with minimum weight starting from the axial length and the radius of the magnet base. For the optimization, the numerical method of the golden section was used. The model was validated from a 10 kW PMSG and the results of two optimum generators are presented according to the optimization criteria. In addition, when the obtained results are compared with the reference electric generator, an increase in efficiency of 1.15% and 0.81% and a reduction in weight of 30.79% and 39.15% of the optimized generators are obtained for maximum efficiency and minimum weight, respectively. Intermediate options between the maximum efficiency generator and the minimum weight generator allows for the selection of the optimum dimensioning for the electric generator as a function of the parameters from the wind turbine design.
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7

Abdelrahem, Mohamed, Christoph Hackl, and Ralph Kennel. "Robust Predictive Control Scheme for Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Generators Based Modern Wind Turbines." Electronics 10, no. 13 (July 2, 2021): 1596. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10131596.

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In this article, a deadbeat predictive control (DB-PC) strategy for permanent-magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs)-based modern wind turbines is proposed. The main advantages of the DB-PC technique are its excellent dynamics and its constant switching frequency. However, the main idea of DB-PC is obtaining the actuation voltage for the next sample from the mathematical model of the generator. Therefore, the DB-PC is highly sensitive to mismatches in the parameters of the PMSG. In order to obviate this problem, a disturbance estimator (extended Kalman filter (EKF)) is employed in this work to enhance the robustness of the proposed DB-PC scheme by estimating the total disturbance due to parameter mismatches and adding it to the calculation of the actuation voltage. Furthermore, the same EKF observe the rotor speed and position of the PMSG, i.e., mechanical sensors are not required. Moreover, the EKF is able to reduce the harmonic distortion in the stator currents of the PMSG. The proposed DB-PC strategy is implemented in the laboratory. The experimental results proved the superiority of the proposed DB-PC strategy over the traditional DB-PC technique.
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8

Hamzah, Amir, Suwitno Suwitno, Joni Irfan, Iwan Kurniawan, Haji Gussyafri, Herry Susanto, and Turkadze Tsitsino. "Design and Simulation of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators for Small Scale Wind Power Plants." E3S Web of Conferences 190 (2020): 00001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019000001.

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Wind energy is one of the primary energy sources that can be used to produce electricity. Indonesia has the potential to harness wind energy to produce electricity due to located on the equator, especially in coastal areas. An alternative to the availability of electricity in remote coastal areas is to use small-scale wind power plants. One component that plays an important role in wind power generation systems is the generator. A generator is a machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. In small scale wind power plants, permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG) are commonly used as energy conversion machines. In this paper, a PMSG has been designed for small-scale and low-speed wind power generation as an energy conversion machine. PMSG which has been designed has the following specifications: 500 W, three phases, 18 slots, 12 poles, with a rotation speed of 500 rpm. The simulation test results obtained the following data, the output phase-phase maximum voltage of the generator is 38.84 V, and phase maximum voltage is 22.5 V.
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9

Tarnapowicz, Dariusz, and Sergiei German-Galkin. "Mechatronic System with the Control of Voltage in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator." New Trends in Production Engineering 1, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 531–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ntpe-2018-0066.

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Abstract In recent years, the use of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) in ship power plant system has increased. PMSGs are characterized by better properties than the classic and commonly used synchronous generators. In comparison with classic synchronous generators, PMSGs do not have a voltage regulator, and hence as the load increases, the voltage at the output of the generator decreases. The article presents the use of an active voltage inverter with the task to maintain a constant voltage on the receiver along with the load’s increase. Simulation studies confirming the effectiveness of the proposed method were carried out.
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10

Zhao, Chao Hui, Jian Long Sun, Jin Cai Li, and Xin Hu. "Operating Mode Analysis on Paratactic Structure Hybrid Excitation Synchronous Generators for Wind Power Generation." Advanced Materials Research 818 (September 2013): 166–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.818.166.

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In order to deal with the difficulty of magnetic field adjustment in permanent magnet synchronous machines, this paper proposed a novel paratactic structure hybrid excitation synchronous generator (HESG) and presented the basic configuration and its principle. Then, with the analysis of armature reactions, it introduced the detailed working performances of permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) and the electric excitation synchronous generator (EESG) in HESGunder different field current conditions. We can classify the operating modes of HESGinto three categories: double-generation mode, single-generation mode and generation-motor mode whose boundaries were deduced. Finally, the experimental results proved the correctness of those analyses.
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11

Zheng Gang, Zou Jian-Xiao, Xu Hong-Bing, and Qin Gang. "Adaptive backstepping control of chaotic property in direct-driveven permanent magnet sychronous generators for wind power." Acta Physica Sinica 60, no. 6 (2011): 060506. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.60.060506.

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12

Nikbakhsh, Amir, Hamidreza Izadfar, and Yousef Alinejad Beromi. "DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR FOR USE IN HYDRODYNAMIC RENEWABLE ENERGY BY APPLYING ACO AND FEA." IIUM Engineering Journal 18, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 158–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v18i2.705.

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One of the most important ways to reduce fossil fuel consumption and consequently reduce greenhouse gases and environmental pollution is the use of renewable energies such as water, sun, wind, etc. One of the most efficient ways to take advantages of the shallow flowing waters such as rivers and fountains in electrical power generation is the use of hydrodynamic screw in the direction of water flow. The design of the generator for this application results in environmental dangers decrease. On the other hand, it provides some part of electrical energy required for human beings. Generators in hydrodynamic renewable energy system ought to have features such as high efficiency, power density and reliability as well as low volume. Among various generators, the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) meets these requirements very well. In this paper, first, analytical calculations and the design process of PMSG were explained. Then, the ant colony optimization (ACO) was used for the optimization of design quantities. PMSG design optimization increased in efficiency and decreased in volume. By improving these two parameters in the designed PMSG, it gets very suitable to be used in hydrodynamic renewable energy system. Finally, the results of the optimized design of PMSG were validated through simulation of it in Maxwell software and applying finite element analysis (FEA). Also the final results have been compared to similar experimental researches results.
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13

Du, Zhong Yao, and Rong Ju. "Study on Directly Driven Wind Turbine with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators (D-PMSG)." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 3528–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.3528.

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Recently, the wind power develops rapidly. In this paper, the mathematic model and vector control of D-PMSG are studied. This thesis involves in simulation research of wind turbine, speed modulation, coordinate transformation, SVPWM waves, main loop and the whole system based on module structure under the environment of MATLAB/SIMULINK. The simulation results indicate that PMSM has perfect characteristic and gives practical meanings for the studies of wind power.
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14

Trongtorkarn, Mintra, Thanansak Theppaya, Kuaanan Techato, Montri Luengchavanon, and Chainuson Kasagepongsarn. "Relationship between Starting Torque and Thermal Behaviour for a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) Applied with Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT)." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 16, 2021): 9151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169151.

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The application of wind turbine technology in low wind speed regions such as Southeast Asia has recently attracted increased attention. Wind turbines are designed as special structures with low starting torque, and many starting torque minimization processes exist for permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs). Plurality is applied to decrease the starting torque in radial flux permanent magnet disk generators. The most popular starting torque minimization method uses a magnet skew technique. When used at 20°, this technique reduced starting torque by 4.72% (on load) under 500 rpm at 50 Hz for 120 min. By contrast, a PMSG with magnet skew conditions set at under 2° reduced electrical power by 3.86%. For high-speed PMSGs, magnet skew techniques affect the generation of heat in the coils (stator), with heat decrease at the middle of the coil, on its surface and between the coils at 2.90%, 3.10% and 2.40%, respectively. PMSGs were installed in vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs), and heat generation in relation to wind speed and electrical power was assessed. Magnet skew techniques can be used in PMSGs to reduce staring torque, while skew techniques also reduce electrical power and heat generated at the stator.
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15

de la Cruz, Javier, Juan M. Ramirez, and Luis Leyva. "Modification of Geometric Parameters in Outer Rotor Permanent Magnet Generators to Improve THD, Efficiency, and Cogging Torque." International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems 15, no. 5 (October 1, 2014): 471–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijeeps-2014-0062.

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Abstract The improvement of efficiency, total harmonic distortion (THD), and cogging torque in outer rotor permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) is the main concern in this paper. The paper focuses on handling the parameters of design, i.e. the geometry of the stator, the polar arc percentage, the air gap, the skew angle in rotor poles, the pole length, and the core steel class. The modification of geometric parameters related to the stator’s inductance is analyzed. Seventy-six cases are simulated, and results provide useful information for designing this type of machines. The study is carried out in a 5 kW PMSG.
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16

Shin, Kyung-Hun, Tae-Kyoung Bang, Kyong-Hwan Kim, Keyyong Hong, and Jang-Young Choi. "Electromagnetic Analysis and Experimental Study to Optimize Force Characteristics of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator for Wave Energy Converter Using Subdomain Method." Processes 9, no. 10 (October 14, 2021): 1825. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9101825.

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This paper presents an electromagnetic analysis and experimental verification to optimize the noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) characteristics of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) for wave energy converters (WECs). WECs applicable to breakwater installed in island areas require a wider operating range and a robust design for maintenance compared with wind-turbine systems. Owing to the use of a permanent magnet with a high energy density, the PMSG has a higher power density than other types of generators; however, strong electromagnetic excitation forces that affect the NVH characteristics are generated. Therefore, in this study, the electromagnetic forces are analyzed through an electromagnetic-field analysis using a subdomain analytical method. Based on the analytical solution, electromagnetic forces were determined. Four electromagnetic excitation forces were classified, and the methods for reducing electromagnetic excitation forces are presented here. Finally, a method for evaluating the system resonance through electromechanical analysis is presented. The proposed analysis, optimization, and experimental study are validated through comparison with finite-element analysis and experimental results.
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17

Makhad, Mohamed, Malika Zazi, and Azeddine Loulijat. "Nonlinear control of WECS based on PMSG for optimal power extraction." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, no. 3 (June 1, 2020): 2815. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i3.pp2815-2823.

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This paper proposes a robust control strategy for optimizing the maximum power captured in Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS) based on permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG), which is integrated into the grid. In order to achieve the maximum power point (MPPT) the machine side converter regulates the rotational speed of the PMSG to track the optimal speed. To evaluate the performance and effectiveness of the proposed controller, a comparative study between the IBC control and the vector control based on PI controller was carried out through computer simulation. This analysis consists of two case studies including stochastic variation in wind speed and step change in wind speed.
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18

Khan, M. Shahrukh Adnan, Rajprasad K. Rajkumar, Rajparthiban K. Rajkumar, and C. V. Aravind. "A Comparative Analysis of Three-Phase, Multi-Phase and Dual Stator Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator for Vertical Axis Wind Turbine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 446-447 (November 2013): 709–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.446-447.709.

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In this paper, the performances of all the three kinds of Axial type Multi-Pole Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators (PMSG) namely Three-phase, Multi-phase or Five Phase and Double Stator fixed in Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) were investigated and compared in order to get an optimal system. MATLAB/Simulink had been used to model and simulate the wind turbine system together with all the three types Permanent Magnet Generators. It was observed from the result that with the increasing number of pole in both low and high wind speed, the five phase generator produced more power than the other two generators. In general, it was observed that the responses of the Multi-phase generator at both high and low speed wind showed promising aspect towards the system followed by Dual Stator. But with the change of the variables such as wind velocity, turbine height, radius, area together with the generator pole pairs and stator resistance, the optimum system should be chosen by considering the trade-off between different configurations which were firmly analyzed and described in this paper.
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19

Cao, Wenping, Ning Xing, Yan Wen, Xiangping Chen, and Dong Wang. "New Adaptive Control Strategy for a Wind Turbine Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG)." Inventions 6, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inventions6010003.

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Wind energy conversion systems have become a key technology to harvest wind energy worldwide. In permanent magnet synchronous generator-based wind turbine systems, the rotor position is needed for variable speed control and it uses an encoder or a speed sensor. However, these sensors lead to some obstacles, such as additional weight and cost, increased noise, complexity and reliability issues. For these reasons, the development of new sensorless control methods has become critically important for wind turbine generators. This paper aims to develop a new sensorless and adaptive control method for a surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous generator. The proposed method includes a new model reference adaptive system, which is used to estimate the rotor position and speed as an observer. Adaptive control is implemented in the pulse-width modulated current source converter. In the conventional model reference adaptive system, the proportional-integral controller is used in the adaptation mechanism. Moreover, the proportional-integral controller is generally tuned by the trial and error method, which is tedious and inaccurate. In contrast, the proposed method is based on model predictive control which eliminates the use of speed and position sensors and also improves the performance of model reference adaptive control systems. In this paper, the proposed predictive controller is modelled in MATLAB/SIMULINK and validated experimentally on a 6-kW wind turbine generator. Test results prove the effectiveness of the control strategy in terms of energy efficiency and dynamical adaptation to the wind turbine operational conditions. The experimental results also show that the control method has good dynamic response to parameter variations and external disturbances. Therefore, the developed technique will help increase the uptake of permanent magnet synchronous generators and model predictive control methods in the wind power industry.
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20

Rafi, Shafiul Hasan, Rusnot Ara Ferdous, and M. R. I. Sheikh. "Modeling and Control Strategy for Variable Speed Wind Turbine Using Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator." Rajshahi University Journal of Science and Engineering 43 (December 31, 2015): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/rujse.v43i0.26155.

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This paper proposes an optimized model and control strategy for variable speed wind turbine using permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). Models and equations that describe different components of the wind energy conversion system (WECS) are addressed and their implementations into PSCAD/EMTDC are described. There are different types of synchronous generators, but the PMSG is chosen. It offers better performance due to higher efficiency and less maintenance since it does not need external DC source and can be used without a gearbox, which also implies a reduction of the weight of the nacelle and a reduction of costs. For the better performance, in this model two level IGBT converter and three level IGBT inverter set has been used associated with the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) system.Simulation results show that the controllers can extract maximum power and regulate the voltage and frequency under varying wind and load conditions. The controller shows very good dynamic, steady state and transient performance.
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21

Naziry Kordkandy, M., A. Arash, and M. Nazary Kordkandy. "Hydrogen Gas Production in a Stand-Alone Wind Farm." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 7, no. 2 (April 24, 2017): 1444–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.991.

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This paper is analyzing the operation of a stand-alone wind farm with variable speed turbines, permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG) and a system for converting wind energy during wind speed variations. On this paper, the design and modeling of a wind system which uses PMSG’s to provide the required power of a hydrogen gas electrolyzer system, is discussed. This wind farm consists of three wind turbines, boost DC-DC converters, diode full bridge rectifiers, permanent magnet synchronous generators, MPPT control and a hydrogen gas electrolyzer system. The MPPT controller based on fuzzy logic is designed to adjust the duty ratio of the boost DC-DC converters to absorb maximum power. The proposed fuzzy logic controller assimilates, with (PSF) MPPT algorithm which generally used to absorb maximum power from paralleled wind turbines and stores it in form of hydrogen gas. The system is modeled and its behavior is studied using the MATLAB software.
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22

Lei, Teng Fei, Jing Meng, Heng Chen, Lin Zheng Ren, and Xu Wang. "Adaptive Control of Chaotic Motion in Fractional Order Wind Generators." Advanced Materials Research 986-987 (July 2014): 1039–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.986-987.1039.

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In this paper, the directly driven wind turbine with permanent magnet synchronous generator (D-PMSG) is investigated, the mathematical model of which is built up. Also, the chaotic behaviors or limit cycle phenomena is demonstrated under certain working conditions or the parameters of the model having a certain range of values. A novel adaptive controller is designed based on the quasi-Lyapunov stability theory for fractional-order systems. Also, electronic circuits are designed to realize the controllers using Multisim. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and realizable ness of the proposed methods, besides, the research results will be provided as theoretical references for the study of improving control performance.
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23

Sarigiannidis, Athanasios G., C. Patsios, A. Pittaras, and A. Kladas. "Geometry Optimization of Synchronous Machines Used on Ship Shaft Generator Systems." Materials Science Forum 792 (August 2014): 245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.792.245.

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In this paper, the geometry optimization and analysis of two synchronous machines for ship shaft generator applications was carried out. The use of shaft generators in marine applications is a convenient and effective way to supply electric energy to the ship, operating in conjunction with conventional diesel generators. On a first step, state of the art topologies of shaft generator systems are identified and evaluated. In addition, potential improvements in shaft generator systems are proposed. On a second step, a low-speed, direct-driven Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) for shaft generator applications is designed and optimized in terms of torque production as well as efficiency. The PMSG is compared with an equal power Salient-Pole generator driven by a step-up gear, which is a set-up commonly used in shaft generator systems. The machines are evaluated and optimized in terms of torque production, efficiency and electromotive forces (EMF) harmonic content in nominal operating conditions.
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24

Mahrouch, Assia, Mohammed Ouassaid, Zineb Cabrane, and Soo Hyoung Lee. "De-Loaded Technique Enhanced by Fuzzy Logic Controller to Improve the Resilience of Microgrids Based on Wind Energy and Energy Storage Systems." Energies 16, no. 1 (December 27, 2022): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16010291.

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Wind turbine generators (WTGs) are highly sensitive to the disturbances of the grid and tend to disconnect quickly during a voltage dip (when the voltage value is less than 80% of the nominal voltage) or when the frequency is greatly changed. As an increasing number of permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs) are incorporated into the modern power grid, system operators expect PMSG-WT to play an active role in low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) and primary frequency regulation (PFR). Consequently, PMSG-WTs must be capable of supplying additional active power in response to changes in system voltage and frequency. In this context, a new de-loaded technique enhanced by a fuzzy-logic controller is suggested to develop the PMSG-pitch angle control (PMSG-PAC). The studied MG consists of a wind farm (WF), variable load, and a battery energy storage system (BESS). The WF contains five PMSG-WTs which are considered to be the principal resource. The proposed DT-FLC ensures maximum aerodynamic reserve power for the plant, enhances its capability to regulate the PAC, adjusts the WTG drop in response to the wind speed, and increases the resilience of the PMSG-WT in the presence of low voltage. Moreover, the PFR is significantly improved in terms of controlling the PAC (−0.0007 Hz) which meets the frequency maximum droop recommended by the IEEE Std 1547-2018 and the Moroccan grid code, −3 Hz and −2.5 Hz, respectively.
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25

Tasneem, Zinat, and M. R. I. Sheikh. "Stabilization of a Fixed Speed IG Based Wind Farm using Variable Speed PMSG." Rajshahi University Journal of Science and Engineering 43 (December 31, 2015): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/rujse.v43i0.26159.

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To optimize the output power and reduce the frequency fluctuation in conventional fixed speed Induction Generator (IG) based wind farm, various controlling devices are used. But, this paper proposes that Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) can work both as a power producing device and as a controlling device for IG. In this paper a more practical case has been considered where a wind farm is operated with a set of Synchronous Generators (SG). Thermal, Hydro and Nuclear Governors have been used for SGs. Wind farm has a capacity of 20% of the total SG’s capacity. Both two-level and three-level converter-inverter based PMSG have been considered. Comparative results between IG and IG with PMSG are shown. Simulation results prove the effectiveness of the proposed system. Simulations have been carried out by using the laboratory standard power system software package, PSCAD/EMTDC.
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26

Morgan, Ernest F., Omar Abdel-Rahim, Tamer F. Megahed, Junya Suehiro, and Sobhy M. Abdelkader. "Fault Ride-Through Techniques for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator Wind Turbines (PMSG-WTGs): A Systematic Literature Review." Energies 15, no. 23 (December 1, 2022): 9116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15239116.

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Global warming and rising energy demands have increased renewable energy (RE) usage globally. Wind energy has become the most technologically advanced renewable energy source. Wind turbines (WTs) must ride through faults to ensure power system stability. On the flip side, permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG)-based wind turbine power plants (WTPPs) are susceptible to grid voltage fluctuations and require extra regulations to maintain regular operations. Due to recent changes in grid code standards, it has become vital to explore alternate fault ride-through (FRT) methods to ensure their capabilities. This research will ensure that FRT solutions available via the Web of Science (WoS) database are vetted and compared in hardware retrofitting, internal software control changes, and hybrid techniques. In addition, a bibliometric analysis is provided, which reveals an ever-increasing volume of works dedicated to the topic. After that, a literature study of FRT techniques for PMSG WTs is carried out, demonstrating the evolution of these techniques over time. This paper concludes that additional research is required to enhance FRT capabilities in PMSG wind turbines and that further attention to topics, such as machine learning tools and the combination of FRT and wind power smoothing approaches, should arise in the following years.
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27

Nie, Hong Zhan, Ming Zhang, and Hong Shen. "Modeling and Simulation of Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Generator." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 2525–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.2525.

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This paper focuses on the oscillating water column (OWC) wave energy generator. An overall mathematical model is established comprising of the wave energy capture, drive system, permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG), vector control, maximum power point tracking (MPPT), and low voltage ride through (LVRT) control. With this mathematical model, an OWC wave energy generator based on PMSG simulation model is set up in Matlab/Simulink environment. A simulation analysis of the model is carried out which is connected to the grid under the condition of wave changes and power system faults. The simulation facilitates the MPPT and the decoupling control of power for OWC wave energy generator. Results show that the system with back-to- back PWM converter operates in a satisfying way and the model established works correctly and effectively.
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Aubert, Brice, Jérémi Régnier, Stéphane Caux, and Dominique Alejo. "Stator Winding Fault Diagnosis in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators Based on Short-Circuited Turns Identification Using Extended Kalman Filter." ACTA IMEKO 3, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v3i4.146.

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<p class="Abstract">This paper deals with an Extended Kalman Filter based fault detection for inter-turn short-circuit in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators. Inter-turn short-circuits are among the most critical faults in the PMSG. Indeed, due to permanent magnets, the short-circuit current is maintained as long as the machine is rotating. Thus, a specific faulty model in d-q frame is developed to estimate the number of short-circuited turns which are used to build a fault indicator. Simulation results demonstrate the sensitivity and the robustness of the proposed fault indicator against various operation points on an electrical network even for a few number of short-circuited turns.</p>
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Akinrinde, Ajibola, Andrew Swanson, and Remy Tiako. "Dynamic Behavior of Wind Turbine Generator Configurations during Ferroresonant Conditions." Energies 12, no. 4 (February 16, 2019): 639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12040639.

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In this paper the dynamic behavior of different wind turbine generator configurations including doubly fed induction generators (DFIG), squirrel cage induction generator (SCIG), wound rotor induction generator (WRIG), and permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) under ferroresonant conditions of energization and de-energization was investigated using Simulink/MATLAB (version 2017B, MathWorks, Natick, MA, USA). The result showed that SCIG had the highest overvoltage of 10.1 PU during energization, followed by WRIG and PMSG, while the least was DFIG. During de-energization, PMSG had the highest overvoltage of 9.58 PU while WRIG had the least. Characterization of the ferroresonance was done using a phase plane diagram to identify the harmfulness of the ferroresonance existing in the system. It was observed that for most of the wind turbine configurations, a chaotic mode of ferroresonance exists for both energization and de-energization scenarios. Although overvoltage during energization for wind turbine generator configurations was higher than in the de-energization with an exception of PMSG, their phase plane diagrams showed that de-energization scenarios were more chaotic than energization scenarios. The study showed that WRIG was the least susceptible to ferroresonance while PMSG was the most susceptible to ferroresonance.
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30

Ge, Chenchen, Muyang Liu, and Junru Chen. "Modeling of Direct-Drive Permanent Magnet Synchronous Wind Power Generation System Considering the Power System Analysis in Multi-Timescales." Energies 15, no. 20 (October 11, 2022): 7471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15207471.

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The dynamics of wind power generation cannot be neglected in the modern power system and could have a great impact on the system dynamics, even raising the risk of a blackout. Because of this, power system simulation has to include the model of wind power generation. However, due to the high order of the full model of the wind power generator, it is impossible to model them in detail in the use of the power system dynamic simulation considering the thousands of wind generators in the grid. In this context, a simplified model is normally used with the trade-off in lower accuracy. As a direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind power generation system (D-PMSG) would take up a certain occupation in the modern power system, a proper D-PMSG simplified model is needed in the power system simulation. For a different research purpose in a different timescale, a different complexity of the model can be used to maximize the accuracy, in the meantime speeding up the simulation. This paper proposes a set of simplified models of the direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind power generation system (D-PMSG) and classifies them according to the timescale of the dynamics and the use cases, i.e., faults (transient stability analysis), system contingencies (voltage and frequency stability analysis) and wind speed variations (energy transformation). The accuracy of the proposed simplified models is verified by comparing them with the detailed D-PMSG electromagnetic transient mode in Matlab/Simulink, and their use case of the power system simulation is validated based on the case study of the IEEE 39-bus system considering the above scenarios.
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31

Mehrasa, Majid, Edris Pouresmaeil, Bahram Pournazarian, Amir Sepehr, Mousa Marzband, and João Catalão. "Synchronous Resonant Control Technique to Address Power Grid Instability Problems Due to High Renewables Penetration." Energies 11, no. 9 (September 17, 2018): 2469. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11092469.

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This paper presents a synchronous resonant control strategy based on the inherent characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG) for the control of power converters to provide stable operating conditions for the power grid under high penetration of renewable energy resources (RERs). The proposed control technique is based on the small signal linearization of a dynamic model with grid specifications, load-current-based voltages, and power converter currents. A combination of the linearized dynamic model with the PMSG swing equation and resonant controller leads to a control technique with synchronous features and appropriate inertia for the control of converter-based power generators. As the main contribution of this work, an extra functionality is proposed in the control loop of the proposed model to solve the inherent inconveniences of conventional synchronous generators. Also, a comprehensive collaboration between interfaced converter specifications and PMSG features is achieved as another contribution of the proposed control technique, and this can guarantee accurate performance under various conditions. A current perturbation curve is introduced to assess the variations of the grid frequency and voltage magnitude under operation of the interfaced converters controlled by the proposed control technique. Moreover, by taking into account the load-based voltages, the effects of the current perturbation components are investigated. The proposed model is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink environment to verify the high performance of the proposed control technique over the other existing control methods.
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32

Mahmudi, Irwan, Ratih Mar’atus Sholihah, Baso Muchlis, Sundun Sada Maripi, and Lukman. "Synchronous Buck Converter for Improved Maximum Power Extraction on Small Stand-Alone Wind Power System using Modified perturb and observe (P&O)." MATEC Web of Conferences 331 (2020): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202033103004.

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To increase the extraction power of a wind power system, the system must work at peak power. This paper presents maximum power extraction and control systems using a modified perturb and observe algorithm (MP&O) to achieve high efficiency maximum power extraction of wind turbines that connected to permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG). To get maximum power from PMSG, MP&O controls the duty cycle of synchronous buck based on the output power of the 12 pulses rectifier. The simulation results show that MP&O can work optimally at every change of wind speed. MP&O was also tested and compared with simple P&O in terms of ripples under stable conditions, response speed and ability to obtain maximum energy output. The average efficiency and convergence time achieved by MP&O are 99. 24% and 0. 71s.
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33

Luo, Jianqiang, Siqi Bu, Jiaxin Wen, Qian Hu, Yong Hu, and Qi Wang. "Strong Resonance Investigation and Suppression in PMSG integrated Power Systems." E3S Web of Conferences 152 (2020): 03006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015203006.

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Permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs) with full converters have been widely used in wind power generation due to its superior flexibility and controllability. However, under some circumstance, the oscillation modes of PMSG (POMs) may excite strong resonance with the electromechanical oscillation modes (EOMs) of the power system that degrades the power system small signal stability. In this paper, A two-open-loop subsystem model is firstly derived to analyze the oscillation modes. Then the POMs are investigated with modal analysis, the relationship between POMs and related controllers are clarified. On this basis, the strong resonance between PMSG and the external power system is revealed and identified. Furthermore, a five-step parameter tuning method is proposed to relocate the position of POM as well as suppress the strong resonance. Both modal analysis and time-domain simulations validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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34

E. Abdellatif, Walid S., Noura A. Nour Aldin, Ahmed M. Azmy, and Ahmed A. Salem. "Fault Ride Through Capability Enhancement of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator-based Wind Energy Conversion System." Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 23, no. 09 (September 24, 2021): 1135–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.51201/jusst/21/09667.

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With the speedy increase of wind energy in electric networks, many important issues could emerge, where the most important matter is to maintain the connection of wind generators during fault conditions. With different faults in the electrical network, the voltage at the point of common coupling (PCC) decreases causing unwanted transients in the stator currents. This results in substantially increased fluctuations in the DC-link voltage (Vdc). To avoid this negative impact, it is a must to maintain the capability of wind generators to continue linked to the network during faults, which is depicted as low voltage ride through (LVRT) capability. This paper investigates the LVRT enhancement by two techniques, the first is based on Braking Chopper (BC) and the second method is based on electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLC), or Supercapacitor Energy Storage System (SCESS), under abnormal conditions. The full model of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) system and FRT technique are performed in MATLAB/Simulink platform. As a consequence of the findings, both the BC and SCESS are capable to provide satisfactory performance with superior FRT capability for the SCESS compared to the BC.
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Qin, Shiyao, Yuyang Chang, Zhen Xie, and Shaolin Li. "Improved Virtual Inertia of PMSG-Based Wind Turbines Based on Multi-Objective Model-Predictive Control." Energies 14, no. 12 (June 17, 2021): 3612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14123612.

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In the case of a high penetration rate of wind energy conversion systems, the conventional virtual inertia control of permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG) has an insufficient support capability for system frequency, leading to an unstable system frequency and a slower response. Considering the finite control set model predictive control has multi-objective regulation capabilities and efficient tracking capabilities, and an improved multi-objective model-predictive control is proposed in this paper for PMSG-based wind turbines with virtual inertia based on its mathematical model. With the prediction model, the optimal control of the current and the frequency of the PMSG-based wind turbines can be obtained. Since the shaft torque changes rapidly under high virtual inertia, shaft oscillation may occur under this scenario. To address this problem, the electromagnetic torque is set as an additional optimization objective, which effectively suppresses the oscillation. Furthermore, based on accurate short-term wind speed forecasting, a dynamic weight coefficient strategy is proposed, which can reasonably distribute the weight coefficients according to the working conditions. Finally, simulations are carried out on a 2 MW PMSG-based wind turbine platform, and the effectiveness of the proposed control strategies is verified.
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36

Yuan, Liang, Ke Meng, Jingjie Huang, Zhao Yang Dong, Wang Zhang, and Xiaorong Xie. "Development of HVRT and LVRT Control Strategy for PMSG-Based Wind Turbine Generators." Energies 13, no. 20 (October 19, 2020): 5442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13205442.

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Various challenges are acknowledged in practical cases with high wind power penetration. Fault ride-through (FRT) capability has become the most dominant grid integration requirements for the wind energy conversion system worldwide. The high voltage ride-through (HVRT) and low voltage ride-through (LVRT) performance play a vital role in the grid-friendly integration into the system. In this paper, a coordinated HVRT and LVRT control strategy is proposed to enhance the FRT capability of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based wind turbine generators (WTG). A dual-mode chopper protection is developed to avoid DC-link overvoltage, and a deadband protection is proposed to prevent oscillations under edge voltage conditions. The proposed strategy can ride through different levels of voltage sags or swells and provide auxiliary dynamic reactive power support simultaneously. The performance of the proposed control scheme is validated through various comparison case tests in PSCAD/EMTDC.
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37

Bao, Jian Yu, Wei Bing Bao, and Jie Gong. "MPPT Control for Current Source Converter Based PMSG Wind Energy Conversion System." Advanced Materials Research 614-615 (December 2012): 1460–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.614-615.1460.

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Current source converter (CSC) configuration tailored to high-power grid-connected wind energy conversion system (WECS) has been an attractive solution for direct drive of permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs). A maximum power point tracking (MPPT) scheme for a PMSG-based WECS is presented in this paper. On the generator side, a fully controlled current source converter is inserted as a circuit interface to handle a wide range of the variable wind speeds. Rectifier side controller extracts maximum power through closed-loop regulation of generator speed. The available maximum power fed to the grid is adjusted by regulating dc-link output current of CSC according to the variable wind speed. Simulation results obtained from a megawatt PSIM model are provided to verify the proposed concepts.
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38

Meenakshi, V., and S. Paramasivam. "Control Strategy Used in DFIG and PMSG Based Wind Turbines an Overview." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 8, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 1160. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i3.pp1160-1167.

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<p class="Abstract">Nowadays, the fossil combustibles are replaced by renewable energies sources .These renewable energies are nontoxic, dirt free, and protected and reasonably cheep for the user. Renewable energy resources like bio-gas, geothermal, solar, tidal waves and wind have been found as the best alternatives energy source. Among those renewable energy sources, wind energy stands foremost for generating electricity. In order to have a constant utilization of wind energy and to extract maximum power from wind energy. In this paper, various control strategies prevalent to both the Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG)and Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator(PMSG) have been analyzed . In addition, control topology applicable to power electronics converter/inverter used in wind electric generators are discussed.</p>
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39

Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally, Basiony S. Atia, Yahia M. Esmail, Mohit Bajaj, Daniel Eutyche Mbadjoun Wapet, Mohamed Khalid Ratib, Md Biplob Hossain, Kareem M. AboRas, and Abdel-Moamen M. Abdel-Rahim. "Evaluation and Comparison of Different Methods for Improving Fault Ride-Through Capability in Grid-Tied Permanent Magnet Synchronous Wind Generators." International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 2023 (January 18, 2023): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/7717070.

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Several advantages make wind-driven permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs) very promising in the wind energy market, especially their fault ride-through capabilities. With the high penetration levels of today, both the grid and wind power (WP) systems are being affected by each other. Due to grid faults, the DC-bus in PMSG systems typically experiences overvoltage, which can negatively affect the generator parameters and trip the system. However, advancements in power electronics, control systems, fault limiters, FACTS, and energy storage technology make it possible to find and design satisfactory solutions and approaches. The most recent FRTC-improving techniques are mainly modified or external techniques based on controllers in PMSG-based WP. This paper evaluates the in-depth schemes of FRTC, introducing the underlying theory and traits of the different approaches to highlight the advantages and drawbacks of each. Five scenarios of DC-link voltage under zero-grid voltage are carried out by using the MATLAB SIMULINK program to assess the FRTC methods. This study shows that external device-based approaches can be efficient, but some of them are expensive, thus updated controller methods are recommended to cut costs. Research findings of this study are expected to support the deployment of FRTC technologies, as well as provide valuable input into WP research on grid integration.
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40

Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally, Basiony Shehata Atia, Almoataz Y. Abdelaziz, and Noura A. Nour Aldin. "Dynamic Performance Assessment of PMSG and DFIG-Based WECS with the Support of Manta Ray Foraging Optimizer Considering MPPT, Pitch Control, and FRT Capability Issues." Processes 10, no. 12 (December 16, 2022): 2723. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10122723.

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Wind generators have attracted a lot of attention in the realm of renewable energy systems, but they are vulnerable to harsh environmental conditions and grid faults. The influence of the manta ray foraging optimizer (MRFO) on the dynamic performance of the two commonly used variable speed wind generators (VSWGs), called the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) and doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG), is investigated in this research article. The PMSG and DFIG were exposed to identical wind speed changes depending on their wind turbine characteristics, as well as a dangerous three-phase fault, to evaluate the durability of MRFO-based wind side controllers. To protect VSWGs from hazardous gusts and obtain the optimum power from incoming wind speeds, we utilized a pitch angle controller and optimal torque controller, respectively, in our study. During faults, the commonly utilized industrial approach (crowbar system) was exclusively employed to aid the studied VSWGs in achieving fault ride-through (FRT) capability and control of the DC link voltage. Furthermore, an MRFO-based PI controller was used to develop a crowbar system. The modeling of PMSG, DFIG, and MRFO was performed using the MATLAB/Simulink toolbox. We compared performances of PMSG and DFIG in reference tracking and resilience against changes in system parameters under regular and irregular circumstances. The effectiveness and reliability of the optimized controllers in mitigating the adverse impacts of faults and wind gusts were demonstrated by the simulation results. Without considering the exterior circuit of VSWGs or modifying the original architecture, MRFO-PI controllers in the presence of a crowbar system may help cost-effectively alleviate FRT concerns for both studied VSWGs.
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41

Li, X. X., and Z. S. Liu. "Optimization design and analysis of permanent magnet synchronous generator based on Motor-CAD." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2345, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2345/1/012009.

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Abstract With the development of the automotive industry, the demand for electricity for automotive equipment increases, which puts forward higher requirements for automotive generators. Compared with the traditional electric excitation generator, the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) has the characteristics of high efficiency, high power density, stable and controllable output voltage, and good heat dissipation performance, and is especially suitable for automotive applications. According to its characteristics, this paper makes an in-depth study on its design theory and main performance parameters. A high-efficiency rotor magnetic steel built-in vehicle permanent magnet synchronous generator is designed by using motor CAD, which eliminates the easily damaged collector ring and brush, improves the reliability of the motor, opens a ventilation hole in the rotor, enhances the heat dissipation effect, and adopts a skewed stator to effectively reduce the sinusoidal distortion rate of the output voltage waveform. The prototype has the characteristics of high power, small size and high reliability. The various performances of the prototype are analysed and verified on the simulation software. The results show that the performance of the prototype meets the design requirements, and the simulation results prove the rationality of the prototype design.
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42

Akpeke, N. E., C. M. Muriithi, and C. Mwaniki. "Contribution of FACTS Devices to the Transient Stability Improvement of a Power System Integrated with a PMSG-based Wind Turbine." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 9, no. 6 (December 1, 2019): 4893–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.3090.

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The increasing penetration of wind energy to the conventional power system due to the rapid growth of energy demand has led to the consideration of different wind turbine generator technologies. In fault conditions, the frequency of the power system decreases and eventually leads to speed differences between the grid and the interconnected wind generator. This can result to power system problems such as transient instability (TS). This paper focuses on enhancing the TS of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based power system during 3ph fault conditions using FACTS devices. The power system considered is connected to a large wind farm which is based on PMSG. Critical clearing time (CCT) is used as an index to evaluate the transient state of the system. Under the study of an IEEE-14 bus system using PSAT as a simulation tool, the integrated CCT with PMSG-based wind turbine is improved with three independent FACTS devices. One of the synchronous generators in the test system has been replaced at random with the PMSG-based wind turbine which is meant to generate an equivalent power. Time domain simulations (TDSs) were carried out considering four study cases. Simulation results show that the (CCT) of the system with the FACTS devices is longer than the CCT without them, which is an indication of TS improvement.
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43

Ebrahimi Salari, Mahdi, Joseph Coleman, and Daniel Toal. "Power Control of Direct Interconnection Technique for Airborne Wind Energy Systems." Energies 11, no. 11 (November 13, 2018): 3134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11113134.

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In this paper, an offshore airborne wind energy (AWE) farm consisting of three non-reversing pumping mode AWE systems is modelled and simulated. The AWE systems employ permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG). A direct interconnection technique is developed and implemented for AWE systems. This method is a new approach invented for interconnecting offshore wind turbines with the least number of required offshore-based power electronic converters. The direct interconnection technique can be beneficial in improving the economy and reliability of marine airborne wind energy systems. The performance and interactions of the directly interconnected generators inside the energy farm internal power grid are investigated. The results of the study conducted in this paper, show the directly interconnected AWE systems can exhibit a poor load balance and significant reactive power exchange which must be addressed. Power control strategies for controlling the active and reactive power of the AWE farm are designed, implemented, and promising results are discussed in this paper.
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Yan, Xiangwu, Linlin Yang, and Tiecheng Li. "The LVRT Control Scheme for PMSG-Based Wind Turbine Generator Based on the Coordinated Control of Rotor Overspeed and Supercapacitor Energy Storage." Energies 14, no. 2 (January 19, 2021): 518. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020518.

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With the increasing penetration level of wind turbine generators (WTGs) integrated into the power system, the WTGs are enforced to aid network and fulfill the low voltage ride through (LVRT) requirements during faults. To enhance LVRT capability of permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based WTG connected to the grid, this paper presents a novel coordinated control scheme named overspeed-while-storing control for PMSG-based WTG. The proposed control scheme purely regulates the rotor speed to reduce the input power of the machine-side converter (MSC) during slight voltage sags. Contrarily, when the severe voltage sag occurs, the coordinated control scheme sets the rotor speed at the upper-limit to decrease the input power of the MSC at the greatest extent, while the surplus power is absorbed by the supercapacitor energy storage (SCES) so as to reduce its maximum capacity. Moreover, the specific capacity configuration scheme of SCES is detailed in this paper. The effectiveness of the overspeed-while-storing control in enhancing the LVRT capability is validated under different levels of voltage sags and different fault types in MATLAB/Simulink.
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45

Gong, Xiang, and Wei Qiao. "Bearing Fault Diagnosis for Direct-Drive Wind Turbines via Current-Demodulated Signals." Industrial Electronics, IEEE Transactions on 60, no. 8 (April 2013): 3419–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2013.2238871.

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Bearing faults account for a large portion of all faults in wind turbine generators (WTGs). Current-based bearing fault diagnosis techniques have great economic benefits and are potential to be adopted by the wind energy industry. This paper models the modulation effects of bearing faults on the stator currents of a direct-drive wind turbine equipped with a permanent-magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) operating with a variable shaft rotating frequency. Based on the analysis, a method consisting of appropriate current frequency and amplitude demodulation algorithms and a 1P-invariant power spectrum density algorithm is proposed for bearing fault diagnosis of variable-speed direct-drive wind turbines using only one-phase stator current measurements, where 1P frequency stands for the shaft rotating frequency of a wind turbine. Experimental results on a direct-drive wind turbine equipped with a PMSG operating in a wind tunnel are provided to verify the proposed fault diagnosis method. The proposed method is demonstrated to have advantages over the method of directly using stator current measurements for WTG bearing fault diagnosis.
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46

Roshanfekr, Poopak, Torbjörn Thiringer, Sonja Lundmark, and Mikael Alatalo. "DC-link voltage selection for a multi-MW wind turbine." COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 33, no. 5 (August 26, 2014): 1722–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-09-2013-0301.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the dc-link voltage for the converter of a wind generator should be selected, i.e. to determine the losses in the generator and the converter when using various dc-link voltage levels. Design/methodology/approach – To presents the efficiency evaluation of 5 MW wind turbine generating systems, two 5 MW surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG) with medium and low rated voltage is designed. A two-level transistor converter is considered for ac/dc conversion. Three different dc-link voltage levels are used. By using these voltage levels the PMSG is utilized in slightly different ways. Findings – It is found that the system with the lower voltage machine has slightly higher annual energy efficiency compare to the higher voltage system. Furthermore, it is shown that the best choice for the dc-link voltage level is a voltage between the minimum voltage which gives the desired torque and the voltage which gives Maximum Torque Per Ampere. Originality/value – A procedure as well as investigations with quantified results on how to find the highest complete drive system efficiency for a wind turbine application. Based on two given PMSG, the most energy-efficient dc-link voltage has been established.
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47

Richard, Alexandre, Xavier Roboam, Florent Rougier, Nicolas Roux, and Hubert Piquet. "AC Electric Powertrain without Power Electronics for Future Hybrid Electric Aircrafts: Architecture, Design and Stability Analysis." Applied Sciences 13, no. 1 (January 3, 2023): 672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13010672.

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This paper proposes an electric powertrain architecture for future hybrid electric aircrafts which structure is only composed of permanent magnet synchronous machines for both generators (PMSG) and motors (PMSM). The direct connection through an AC bus of a PMSG with one or several PMSMs involves the suppression of power electronics usually embedded in electric or hybrid electric powertrains. The idea is clearly to simplify the architecture and to significantly reduce the weight of propulsive device, “weight being the prime enemy in aeronautics”. However, the connection between power generation and propulsion devices through power electronics converters offers degrees of freedom allowing to control and stabilize the whole system. Contrarily, the direct connection between synchronous machines (PMSG-PMSM) sets a rigid link with non-linear behavior between both devices, causing complex stability issues that are analyzed. For that purpose, after having discussed the advantages and drawbacks of this powertrain by comparison with classical architectures, including power electronics, a set of models (analytic and simulation) and analysis tools (root locus, transient time simulation) is proposed. They are used in a theoretical approach to emphasize the stability issue and to assess parameter sensitivity. A reduced power scale test bench with a single-motor AC powertrain is presented: together with circuit simulation models, it is used to compare and validate the theoretical analysis results.
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Boudali, Abdelkader, Karim Negadi, Sarah Bouradi, Abderrahmane Berkani, and Fabrizio Marignetti. "Design of Nonlinear Backstepping Control Strategy of PMSG for Hydropower Plant Power Generation." Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés 54, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/jesa.540101.

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In this paper, renewable hydropower plant generators with permanent magnet synchronous generator are coupled via a diode bridge rectifier - DC/DC boost converter and three-phase inverter to a power grid. This paper studies a new control structure focused a backstepping control of the energy generation system.The proposed methods for adjusting the active and reactive power by adjusting the currents, the DC bus voltage on the main side converter, as well as the voltage at the output of the DC-DC boost converter. The main objective of this control is to obtain purely sinusoidal and symmetrical grid current signals, to suppress oscillations in reactive power and to cancel active power chattering in the event of grid imbalance. In order to optimize the energy flow in the different parts of the production process, an energy control algorithm is developed in order to attenuate the fluctuations in the water flow, the grid system of the hydropower plant considered has been implemented in Matlab/Simulink, the results show the effectiveness of the proposed method. To analyze our approach, a prototype is modeled, simulated and can be performed in an experimental test setup.
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49

Ballestín-Bernad, V., J. S. Artal-Sevil, J. A. Domínguez-Navarro, and J. L. Bernal-Agustín. "Low-cost variable-speed wind turbines design by recycling small electrical machines. Arrangement of permanent magnets in the rotor." Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 20 (September 2022): 833–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj20.450.

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This paper describes the design of low-cost variablespeed wind turbines by recycling small electrical machines. In this way, electrical machines such as automobile claw-pole alternators, induction motors for domestic applications, or simply electric motors for some industrial applications are studied, considering their reuse as permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG) in small wind turbines or hydro-power turbines. The main purpose is the integration of hybrid energy conversion systems (wind and hydraulic turbines) in small stand-alone microgrids within the rural environment. Likewise, in order to optimize the design, the arrangement of the permanent magnets in the rotor is analyzed. The analysis has been carried out using the FluxMotor simulation software, which is based on the 2D finite element method. At the same time, the FEM software provides a lot of information about the optimization of the electrical machine and its multiple design options and topologies. Suggested designs have similar performance as well as a similar size and weight. The purpose has been to explore different topologies and select the most efficient designs. In this way, it is shown that it is possible to reuse an electrical generator easily, without losing much of the general performance.
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50

Zogbochi, V., P. Chetangny, and D. Chamagne. "Thermal Analysis of Electric Machines for Combined Stirling Engine-Generator Performance." International Journal of Research and Review 8, no. 3 (November 22, 2021): 621–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/10.52403/ijrr.20210379.

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Abstract:
The performance of an electric machine depends on its ability to resist rising internal temperature and ambient temperature. In particular when it is a combination with a heat engine, it is essential to know the thermal characteristics of the electric machine in connection with its operating environment to decide which type of machine for a better result. This work will make a comparative thermal study of three types of generators namely: the permanent magnet generator (PMSG), the squirrel cage asynchronous generator (SCIG) and the switched reluctance generator (SRG), all driven by Stirling engine. The method involves solving the heat propagation equation to determine the thermal resistance network for each machine. The resolution of the network combined with the finite element method will allow a comparison of the temperature rise and its effect on the performance of each machine. The simulation results show that the temperature of the PMSG windings stabilizes at 430 K while that of the others stabilizes at 373 K and 346 K respectively. However, when comparing the performances for the specifications of this work (i.e., produce minimum electric power of 2kW at low speed generated by the Stirling engine), PMSG is the one that fulfil all the requirements. For the use of this machine for the generator set, it will be necessary to use magnets of types GNS-39EH whose operating temperature is approximately 473K (200 ° C) with magnetic induction of 1.22 T. Keywords: choice of machines, thermal network, Finite Element Method, machine’s performances, Stirling engine.
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