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Journal articles on the topic 'Periphery'
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Yufereva, Olena V. "PERIPHERAL WRITING AND WRITING ON THE PERIPHERY IN TRAVELOGUES BY JAY NORWOOD DARLING." Alfred Nobel University Journal of Philology 1, no. 27 (June 3, 2024): 72–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.32342/2523-4463-2024-1-27-5.
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The article is devoted to the little-known literary work of the American cartoonist Jay Norwood Darling. The current study was conducted on the travelogues “Ding Goes to Russia” (1932) and “The Cruise of the Bouncing Betsy. A Trailer Travelogue” (1937). This article aims to reveal and contextualize the features of J.N. Darling’s travel texts as peripheral genres. The main objective of this work is to analyze the deep structures of the travelogues chronotope, based on which the hypothesis will be put forward. Its essence is that the intensity of the crisis time experience in different spaces and through these spaces modifies the involved genre clichés, giving rise to a tragic (for Soviet space) and optimistic (for American space) premonition. The research methodology is based on the study of the interaction between the centre and periphery of the literary system, in particular, the concept of “semiosphere” formulated by Yu. Lotman. Genre analysis includes comparative and contextual methods of studying texts. The cultural-historical method deepens the understanding of the context of Darling’s literary work. Particularly, it is used to discover the historical and social factors that impact the peculiarities of others and one’s own world perception and image reconstruction. Genre analysis of travelogues with various graphic components, including caricatures, involves an intermedia method of studying the semantic connections between visual and verbal in travelogues. The examination of Darling’s travelogues “Ding Goes to Russia” and “The Cruise of the Bouncing Betsy. A Trailer Travelogue”, which inherited different genre traditions, revealed their conceptual and poetic affinities. In both texts, the author investigates the common issues of civilization and its advancement, as well as the significance of technological progress for a human being. The features of the unmanifested future or hidden phenomena of the present are felt more strongly at a distance from the centre, at the intersection of transit paths. Geography in these travels is perceived through anthropological optics, implemented, among other things, through the concepts of the mutual influence of society and space in an unstable world. The experience of alienation is constructed through images of places displayed identically in both travelogues. In Darling’s travelogues, places outside of symbolic meaning come to the fore of the spatio-temporal structure. According to the concept of M. Auger, their features can be attributed to non-places. The key features of the chronotope of both travelogues are the peripheralization of space, the transformation of places into space, and the related process, the representation of non-places. The caricaturists’ texts exhibit genre peripherality through the dual nature of their poetic codes. Behind the secondary nature of the genre constructions of both texts, one cannot help but see individual searches reflected in the unique role and methods of spatial metaphors and imaginary topoi explication. Their semantic and visual density force us to recall and re-estimate the factual writing of the cartoonist in the context of future genre development.
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NORDLUND, CARL. "Power-relational core–periphery structures: Peripheral dependency and core dominance in binary and valued networks." Network Science 6, no. 3 (September 2018): 348–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/nws.2018.15.
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AbstractWith origins in post-war development thinking, the core–periphery concept has spread across the social and, increasingly, the natural sciences. Initially reflecting divergent socioeconomic properties of geographical regions, its relational connotations rapidly led to more topological interpretations. In today's network science, the standard core–periphery model consists of a cohesive set of core actors and a peripheral set of internally disconnected actors. Exploring the classical core–periphery literature, this paper finds conceptual support for the characteristic intra-categorical density differential. However, this literature also lends support to the notions of peripheral dependency and core dominance, power-relational aspects that existing approaches do not capture. To capture such power-relations, this paper suggests extensions to the correlation-based core–periphery metric of Borgatti and Everett (2000). Capturing peripheral dependency and, optionally, core dominance, these extensions allow for either measuring the degree of such power-relational features in given core–periphery partitions, or as part of a criteria function to search for power-relational core–periphery structures. Applied to the binary and valued citation data in Borgatti and Everett (2000), the proposed extensions seemingly capture dependency and dominance features of core–periphery structures. This is particularly evident when, circling back to the original domains of the concept, examining the network of European commodity trade in 2010.
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Jill, Belch, and Gerry Stansby. "Peripheral arterial disease: still on the periphery?" BMJ 332, no. 7551 (May 18, 2006): 1213.1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.332.7551.1213.
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Barilla, J. "Periphery." Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment 16, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isle/isn007.
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Onodera, Noriko O., and Elizabeth Closs Traugott. "Periphery." Periphery – Diachronic and Cross-Linguistic Approaches 17, no. 2 (December 31, 2016): 163–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jhp.17.2.01ono.
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Garvey Brickner, Donna, and Jason H. Brickner. "Cdk Phosphorylation of a Nucleoporin Controls Localization of Active Genes through the Cell Cycle." Molecular Biology of the Cell 21, no. 19 (October 2010): 3421–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e10-01-0065.
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Many inducible genes in yeast are targeted to the nuclear pore complex when active. We find that the peripheral localization of the INO1 and GAL1 genes is regulated through the cell cycle. Active INO1 and GAL1 localized at the nuclear periphery during G1, became nucleoplasmic during S-phase, and then returned to the nuclear periphery during G2/M. Loss of peripheral targeting followed the initiation of DNA replication and was lost in cells lacking a cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor. Furthermore, the Cdk1 kinase and two Cdk phosphorylation sites in the nucleoporin Nup1 were required for peripheral targeting of INO1 and GAL1. Introduction of aspartic acid residues in place of either of these two sites in Nup1 bypassed the requirement for Cdk1 and resulted in targeting of INO1 and GAL1 to the nuclear periphery during S-phase. Thus, phosphorylation of a nuclear pore component by cyclin dependent kinase controls the localization of active genes to the nuclear periphery through the cell cycle.
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Yang, Bo, Xu Li, Weizheng Cheng, Zhiyong Pei, Tao Huang, Hui Hou, and Xuelin Huang. "Effects of core-periphery structure on explosive synchronization." International Journal of Modern Physics B 34, no. 30 (October 21, 2020): 2050290. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979220502902.
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We investigate the explosive synchronization in networks with core-periphery structure. The effects of different patterns of core-periphery networks on explosive synchronization are studied by altering network structural parameters. With the variation of two core-periphery structural parameters, the relative connection strength between core and peripheral nodes, and the relative connection strength among peripheral nodes, we find distinct roles played by structural parameters in the path toward explosive synchronization. Our results show that the order parameter of periphery is closer to that of the core in the synchronization phase with the increment of connections between core and peripheral nodes. In addition, we find that sparser the connections among peripheral nodes are, the easier the whole dynamic network is to reach explosive synchronization. We also discover that if the number of connections between core and periphery scales vary sublinearly with the network size, there exists a novel two-jump behavior of the order parameter of the whole network. Moreover, as the level of the sublinearity increases, the order parameter starts to oscillate in a decaying manner, rather than being increasing monotonically and slowly as in the case of normal explosive synchronization when the coupling strength exceeds a critical threshold. Hence in this regime, it becomes increasingly difficult for the network to maintain stable explosive synchronization even though the underlying network topology is connected.
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Tykkyläinen, Markku. "Periphery syndrome - a reinterpretation of regional development theory in a resource periphery." Fennia - International Journal of Geography 166, no. 2 (November 25, 2013): 295–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.11143/fennia.9041.
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A study is made of industrialization and the transition in economic structure as it has affected a remote peripheral region of Finland with a predominantly resource‑based economy over the last twenty years or so. The empirical resultsare used to interpret and develop theory of regional development adequate for describing the transition of this peripheral region from an area dominated by primary‑sector production to one characterized by industry and the service sector. The resource‑based peripheral region concerned is the province of Northern Karelia. A region‑level core‑periphery system is outlined in which the organization of the economy, the division of labour, performance potential and environmental relations are examined by regional and spatial analysis and resource analysis. A model is developed for evaluating the performance potential of an economy and proposing alternative paths of development. Development in a periphery is regulated by external impulses (demand, regional policy, etc.) together with the distinctive features imposed on the economy by its past history. This development can be explained by reference to rationalization in resource processing sectors, profitability difficulties, poor growth propensity and special characteristics of the division of labour and the adoption of new technology. The combined effect of these factors, termed here the periphery syndrome, leads to differences in affluence and in general to regional differentiation in the economy. The syndrome is dynamic in nature. The principal problems following the economic transition are shifting away from rationalization in agriculture and towards the structure of industry itself. The resource periphery is becoming an industrial periphery. The conclusions comprise a set of eight conceptual systems of factors which should be taken into account when studying economic transition and industrialization in peripheral regions. These concern development with respect to population, rationalization, regional policy, the spatial division of labour, spatial cost structures, demand, entrepreneurship and resource and environment factors and the influence of these on regional development in the periphery in question. The differences in development between the sectors of industry are of significance for regional development as a whole, and allowance should be made for these in the theory. Where theories of development in resource peripheries tend to represent outcomes of a number of external and internal factors and ones applying to individual sectors, the explanatory model evolved here comprises theoretical concepts of a number of different types.
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Mazal, Zdeněk. "Peripheral Exudative Heamorrhagic Chorioretinopathy." Czech and Slovak Ophthalmology 75, no. 2 (March 7, 2019): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31348/2019/2/4.
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Peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy (PEHCR) is relatively rare and especially less known and therefore less often diagnosed condition of the retina periphery predominantly in patients of higher age. Usually temporal periphery is affected. The finding is bilateral in approximately 30 %. Clinically it manifests by multibulbar prominences in periphery, which can sometimes resemble choroidal melanoma. It concerns exudations and hemorrhages under retina (sub-retinal) or under retinal pigment epithelium (sub-RPE). Within weeks or months hemorrhagy is resorbed and flattened and chorioretinal atrophy of various grade remains in affected area, sometimes combined with retinal fibrosis. If the affected area remains limited to the periphery, the central visual acuity does not have to be reduced. Affection is considered to be peripheral form of wet age-related macular degeneration or peripheral form of idiopathic polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. By differential diagnosis is necessary to exclude especially malignant choroidal melanoma and choroidal detachment. Case report: Own case of 83 years old patient with bilateral PEHCR is described and photo documented. Creation of new prominence - fresh bleeding under retina and RPE in superior periphery – had been captured. Photo documentation of lesion in early stage and in stage of resorbtion after several weeks. Affected areas remained limited to periphery and did not have influence on central vision. That was influenced by degeneration of macula and vitreomacular traction syndrome with distinct epiretinal membrane. Conclusion: PEHCR is less frequent or less diagnosed condition of the retina periphery in old patients. Ongoing exudation and sub-retinal or sub-RPE bleeding. Within weeks heals with chorioretinal scars and subretinal fibrosis. Central vision does not have to be damaged, if lesions do not spread to macula.
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Patytska, Khrystyna. "Theoretical foundations of the center-periphery interactions determination in the conditions of socio-economic differentiation of regional development." Regional Economy, no. 1(95) (2020): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36818/1562-0905-2020-1-4.
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Lowering the level of spatial socio-economic disparities of territorial development and ensuring the high living standards for population and business environment development are the main key tasks in terms of reforming the administrative and territorial regulation and financial decentralization in Ukraine. This raises the issue of the center and periphery interactions among the dominant ones in the conditions of the socio-economic space development of the country and requires delineation of the influence zones of the centers and activating features of adaptive and stimulating roles, which they perform as "growth poles" and innovative shifts generators in territorial development. The methodological apparatus of the research consists of the general scientific methods for the development of theoretical and methodological foundations of the central and peripheral interactions in the region and the system approach for identification of social benefits of conceptual priorities in the center and periphery interactions in conditions of administrative and financial decentralization. The scientific approaches to the definition of categories "center-periphery" are investigated. The need to outline the dual nature of center-periphery interactions as a phenomenon is emphasized. The comparative characteristics of the center, the semi-periphery, and the periphery are presented. The essence of the center-peripheral interactions in the region is defined as a process of direct or indirect mutual influence of the center and the periphery in the conditions of spatial inequality and socio-economic differentiation of regional development. The classification of the center-periphery interactions in the territorial dimension is proposed. Further research suggests focusing on the substantiation of theoretical and methodological foundations of center and periphery interactions and levels of such interaction in the region in terms of administrative and financial decentralization.
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Makushin, M. A., K. V. Demidova, and M. D. Gorjachko. "Industrial Regional Space in the “Core–Periphery” System in Russia." Известия Русского географического общества 155, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 30–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869607123010068.
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Abstract—the center-periphery model is used to explain modern geographical processes and phenomena, but nobody systematically studies the position of Russian regions in the system of center-peripheral relations. The current study is aimed at eliminating this gap. The purpose of research is to test the methodology for identifying central and peripheral regions in the Russian industrial space and the main features of the industrial development of different types of regions. Statistical and mathematical-statistical research methods based on Rosstat data in 2005–2020. The sample included 83 subjects of the Federation (with the exception of the Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol), for which there are comparable data series. All regions are assigned to one of the types: core, sub-center, sub-periphery, periphery. The nuclear regions include highly industrial regions with a high base and competitive industries. The group of sub-center regions includes medium-sized industrial regions with high dynamics. The sub-periphery concentrated 40% of the Russian regions. Regions of this group were further divided into subtypes according to the dynamics of industrial development and specialization. The periphery was divided into 2 subtypes: 1) depressed regions with a high base shrinking in the post-soviet period; 2) underdeveloped regions with a low base. It is noted that shifts in the center-periphery system are inertial. Over the past 15 years, the concentration of industrial production in cores and sub-centers has increased, but the investment dynamics is higher in sub-centers. The role of old-industrial sub-peripheral regions is most strongly reduced. The role of the underdeveloped periphery in industrial employment of the population is increasing. The findings can be used to further adjust the regional industrial policy and develop a strategy for the spatial development of Russia.
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Bowden, Jamie, David Whitaker, and Matt J. Dunn. "The role of Peripheral Vision in the Flashed Face Distortion Effect." Perception 48, no. 1 (December 19, 2018): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0301006618817419.
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The flashed face distortion effect is a phenomenon whereby images of faces, presented at 4–5 Hz in the visual periphery, appear distorted. It has been hypothesized that the effect is driven by cortical, rather than retinal, components. Here, we investigated the role of peripheral viewing on the effect. Normally sighted participants viewed the stimulus peripherally, centrally, and centrally with a blurring lens (to match visual acuity in the peripheral location). Participants rated the level of distortion using a Visual Analogue Scale. Although optical defocus did have a significant effect on distortion ratings, peripheral viewing had a much greater effect, despite matched visual acuity. We suggest three potential mechanisms for this finding: increased positional uncertainty in the periphery, reduced deployment of attention to the visual periphery, or the visual crowding effect.
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Rothpletz, Ann M., Daniel H. Ashmead, and Anne Marie Tharpe. "Responses to Targets in the Visual Periphery in Deaf and Normal-Hearing Adults." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 46, no. 6 (December 2003): 1378–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2003/107).
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The purpose of this study was to compare the response times of deaf and normal-hearing individuals to the onset of target events in the visual periphery in distracting and nondistracting conditions. Visual reaction times to peripheral targets placed at 3 eccentricities to the left and right of a center fixation point were measured in prelingually deafened adults and normal-hearing adults. Deaf participants responded more slowly than normal-hearing participants to targets in the near periphery in the nondistracting condition and to targets in the near and distant periphery when distracting stimuli were present. One interpretation of these findings is that deaf individuals may be more deliberate than normal-hearing individuals in responding to near peripheral events and to peripheral events that occur in the presence of distracting stimuli.
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Bayer, Allison L., Aixin Yu, and Thomas R. Malek. "Thymic IL-2R expression is sufficient for production of CD4+CD25+ Foxp3+ T regulatory cells (95.5)." Journal of Immunology 178, no. 1_Supplement (April 1, 2007): S177. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.178.supp.95.5.
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Abstract CD4+CD25+ FoxP3+ Treg cells critically depend on IL-2, but the contribution of IL-2 to development of Treg cells in the thymus versus controlling their homeostasis in the periphery is unresolved. We addressed this issue using models where IL-2R activity was blocked in the thymus and periphery or only in the periphery. We found that IL-2/IL-2R interaction is active and essential in the thymus by promoting Treg cell expansion and upregulation of Foxp3 and CD25 to normal levels. This thymic signal gave rise to peripheral Treg cells with impaired IL-2-dependent STAT5 activation, yet they persisted in the periphery and suppressed autoimmunity without continual thymic output. Thus, thymic IL-2R function represents one important aspect for Treg cell development. Peripheral Treg cells with impaired IL-2R signaling exhibited slower growth and death rates as assessed by BrdU uptake in vivo and their suppressive activity was slightly lower in vitro. Importantly, by following donor Treg cells in mixed thymic and bone marrow chimeric mice, we found that WT Treg cells dominated peripheral immune tissue compared to Treg cells with impaired peripheral IL-2 signaling. Thus, IL-2 is a dominant mechanism controlling the number of thymic and peripheral Treg cells, although in a non-competitive setting, peripheral Treg cells with minimal IL-2R signaling persist and control autoimmunity. (Supported by the NIH)
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Nešić, Dragana, and Stanislav Vukmanović. "MHC Class I Is Required for Peripheral Accumulation of CD8+ Thymic Emigrants." Journal of Immunology 160, no. 8 (April 15, 1998): 3705–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.160.8.3705.
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Abstract MHC molecules influence the fate of T lymphocytes at two important stages of their differentiation. Recognition of self peptide/MHC complexes in the thymus determines whether immature T cells should live and mature into immunocompetent T cells or whether they should die. In the periphery, recognition of Ags presented by MHC molecules induces T cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation into effector/memory T cells. We describe in this work a third role that MHC molecules play in T cell physiology. CD8+ thymic emigrants require presence of MHC class I molecules in the periphery to seed the peripheral lymphoid organs. Numbers of CD8+ T cells are reduced severely in both the thymus and the periphery of β2-microglobulin-deficient (β2m−/−) mice. When grafted with wild-type (β2m+/+) thymic epithelium, immature β2m−/− T cells that populate the graft develop into functional mature CD8+ cells. However, significant numbers of peripheral CD8+ cells in grafted β2m−/− mice can be observed only after injection of MHC class I-expressing cells in the periphery. Thus, naive T cells in the periphery do not passively await antigenic stimulation, but actively engage in interactions with self MHC molecules that may promote their survival.
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Ciplet, David, and J. Timmons Roberts. "Splintering South: Ecologically Unequal Exchange Theory in a Fragmented Global Climate." Journal of World-Systems Research 23, no. 2 (August 11, 2017): 372–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jwsr.2017.669.
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The article examines the changing nature of politics in the United Nations climate negotiations through the lens of ecologically unequal exchange theory, focusing on the lead up to and aftermath of the 2015 Paris negotiations. We identify and discuss three areas of tension that have emerged within the G-77 coalition: tensions within the global semi-periphery, tensions between the semi-periphery and periphery, and tensions within the periphery. Together, these tensions challenge the main link of solidarity in the G-77 coalition: the idea that all countries in the global South share a common predicament in the global system, with the North solely to blame. Drawing upon this case, we offer three related insights to develop ecologically unequal exchange theory. First, theory and empirical work must better consider the role of the semi-periphery, and divisions within the semi-periphery, in reproducing ecologically unequal societies. Second, theory should account for how fragmentation between the periphery and semi-periphery may produce distinct challenges for peripheral states to resist governance forms which intensify ecologically unequal exchange. Third, theory should better account for the ways in which ecologically unequal exchange as mobilized as a collective action frame reflects and diverges from the real-world distribution of environmental goods and bads in the world system.
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Berzins, S. P., R. L. Boyd, and J. F. A. P. Miller. "The Role of the Thymus and Recent Thymic Migrants in the Maintenance of the Adult Peripheral Lymphocyte Pool." Journal of Experimental Medicine 187, no. 11 (June 1, 1998): 1839–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.187.11.1839.
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The thymus is essential for the initial seeding of T cells to the periphery, but its role in maintaining the adult T cell pool remains poorly defined. We investigated whether changes to the rate of T cell export could form part of the mechanism(s) controlling the homeostatic regulation of the size and composition of the peripheral T cell pool. Using neonatal thymi grafted under the kidney capsule, we found that irrespective of whether the pool was oversupplied (by thymic grafts) or undersupplied (due to neonatal thymectomy), the thymic export rate was constant from both the host and graft thymus, and the periphery remained constant in size. Recent thymic emigrants (RTE) were also tracked to determine the extent of their acceptance into the T cell pool of a normal mouse. As a population, RTE are phenotypically mature, but were distinct from resident T cells in the periphery, being released in a CD4/CD8 ratio approximately twice that of established peripheral T cells. This export ratio is similar to that of T cells in the mature thymic compartment, but soon after entry into the periphery, the ratio falls, indicating separate thymic and peripheral regulation of the CD4/CD8 ratio. RTE may also be preferentially incorporated into the periphery, causing displacement of resident T cells, thus maintaining the size of the peripheral pool. Although not vital for the maintenance of a functional T cell pool, the acceptance of RTE in a “full” peripheral pool would ensure that the T cell receptor repertoire is kept diverse and that the T cell population encompasses a broad range of naive as well as memory T cells.
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Hiraga, Shin-ichiro, Sotirios Botsios, David Donze, and Anne D. Donaldson. "TFIIIC localizes budding yeast ETC sites to the nuclear periphery." Molecular Biology of the Cell 23, no. 14 (July 15, 2012): 2741–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e11-04-0365.
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Chromatin function requires specific three-dimensional architectures of chromosomes. We investigated whether Saccharomyces cerevisiae extra TFIIIC (ETC) sites, which bind the TFIIIC transcription factor but do not recruit RNA polymerase III, show specific intranuclear positioning. We show that six of the eight known S. cerevisiae ETC sites localize predominantly at the nuclear periphery, and that ETC sites retain their tethering function when moved to a new chromosomal location. Several lines of evidence indicate that TFIIIC is central to the ETC peripheral localization mechanism. Mutating or deleting the TFIIIC-binding consensus ablated ETC -site peripheral positioning, and inducing degradation of the TFIIIC subunit Tfc3 led to rapid release of an ETC site from the nuclear periphery. We find, moreover, that anchoring one TFIIIC subunit at an ectopic chromosomal site causes recruitment of others and drives peripheral tethering. Localization of ETC sites at the nuclear periphery also requires Mps3, a Sad1-UNC-84–domain protein that spans the inner nuclear membrane. Surprisingly, we find that the chromatin barrier and insulator functions of an ETC site do not depend on correct peripheral localization. In summary, TFIIIC and Mps3 together direct the intranuclear positioning of a new class of S. cerevisiae genomic loci positioned at the nuclear periphery.
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Rowlands, Carl. "Europe's periphery." Soundings 46, no. 46 (December 8, 2010): 112–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3898/136266210793790909.
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JANSEN, ANTON J. "THE FUTURE OF THE PERIPHERY OF THE PERIPHERY." Sociologia Ruralis 31, no. 2-3 (August 1991): 122–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9523.1991.tb00896.x.
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Lacina, Bethany. "Periphery versus Periphery: The Stakes of Separatist War." Journal of Politics 77, no. 3 (July 2015): 692–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/681237.
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Badan, Linda, and Claudia Crocco. "Italian wh-questions and the low periphery." Linguistics 59, no. 3 (May 1, 2021): 757–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ling-2021-0059.
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Abstract This article deals with Italian questions with a post-verbal wh-element, which are generally defined as in situ. We show that post-verbal wh-questions can be interpreted as information-seeking questions, and provide syntactic arguments supporting the hypothesis that the post-verbal wh-element is only apparently in situ. We claim that, in certain contexts, the post-verbal wh-element undergoes a syntactic movement targeting a low-peripheral focus position dedicated to the expression of informational focus. We integrate our analysis with the examination of a number of cases of low-peripheral wh-elements from the CLIPS and LIP corpora of spoken Italian. As for prosody, the available data show that a sentence-final wh-element carries the nuclear accent of the utterance. Moreover, low-peripheral wh-questions seem pragmatically more restricted compared to their counterparts with a fronted wh-. Although further investigation may reveal additional contexts for the questions at stake, low-peripheral wh-questions need to be linked to the preceding discourse context and can be used to add emphasis to the missing piece of information represented by the wh-element. Our low-peripheral analysis complements the current left-peripheral analysis of Italian wh-questions: wh-elements in left and low periphery display different interpretive and prosodic properties, indicating that they are involved in different phenomena. The results of this study also support the view that the low periphery is more subject to pragmatic restrictions compared to the left periphery.
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Hrynchyshyn, Iryna, and Maryana Bas-Yurchyshyn. "ASSESSMENT OF THE CORE-PERIPHERY EFFECTS IN THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION." Economic Analysis, no. 31(3) (2021): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2021.03.016.
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The article is dedicated to the evaluation of the centre and periphery effects in the socio-economic development of the region. Goal. The purpose is to assess the core and peripheral effects of the impact on socio-economic development of the region. Method (methodology). Methods of logical generalization, analysis, comparison and synthesis, integrated assessment, spatial autocorrelation are used to assess of the levels of core-periphery relations in the region. Results. The core-periphery relations are a multilevel hierarchy with a representation of economic, social and spatial aspects. The core-periphery relation in the region is an evidence of a complex system of subordination where the core area causes most of the effects and directs the development. At the same time, different core areas of development may arise and influence on the periphery territory by absorbing its resources in the process of development of core-periphery relations. A methodical approach for evaluation of the core-periphery relations has been suggested. The methodical approach comprises: the identification of core-periphery relation in the region under the influence of the centre: the distinction of economic “growth points” and areas of their impact on the region (inner periphery and outer periphery); the assessment of the intensity of the centre or “growth points” impacts on the region. The analysis revealed a core and “growth points”, identified periphery areas in Lviv region, measured the influence of the cities of regional significance. The core-periphery relations in the region can be identified as multilevel hierarchy with economic, social and spatial aspects. Analyzing the core-periphery relations from this point of view we have distinguished features and types of such relations between territorial communities (core, “growth point”, and periphery). We have identified some areas with low levels of integration into the regional economic space and low level of social development. For such territorial communities, a differentiated approach should be implemented in order to boost economic growth along with the level of social development. Moreover, we have determined the spread of positive effects from the cities of regional significance to the socio-economic development of the region, as well as identified areas beyond their influence.
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Fasino, Dario, and Franca Rinaldi. "A Fast and Exact Greedy Algorithm for the Core–Periphery Problem." Symmetry 12, no. 1 (January 3, 2020): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12010094.
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The core–periphery structure is one of the key concepts in the structural analysis of complex networks. It consists of a partitioning of the node set of a given graph or network into two groups, called core and periphery, where the core nodes induce a well-connected subgraph and share connections with peripheral nodes, while the peripheral nodes are loosely connected to the core nodes and other peripheral nodes. We propose a polynomial-time algorithm to detect core–periphery structures in networks having a symmetric adjacency matrix. The core set is defined as the solution of a combinatorial optimization problem, which has a pleasant symmetry with respect to graph complementation. We provide a complete description of the optimal solutions to that problem and an exact and efficient algorithm to compute them. The proposed approach is extended to networks with loops and oriented edges. Numerical simulations are carried out on both synthetic and real-world networks to demonstrate the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed algorithm.
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Yigenoğlu, Tuğçe Nur, Mehmet Bakırtaş, Semih Başcı, Bahar Uncu Ulu, Derya Şahin, Ali Kılınç, Fatma Nurbüke Şarkışla, et al. "Blood group A is a negative risk factor for peripheric blood stem cell mobilization in allogeneic donors." Medical Science and Discovery 7, no. 6 (June 23, 2020): 505–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.36472/msd.v7i6.382.
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Objective: Many factors, including advanced age and female gender, have been identified as negative factors for peripheric blood hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) mobilization. Similarly, blood group antigens may have an effect on the release of HSCs from the bone marrow niche into the periphery. We aimed to study the effect of ABO and Rh blood groups on peripheral blood HSC mobilization in healthy donors.
Material and Method: The data of 314 healthy donors who underwent peripheric blood HSC mobilization in our center were analyzed retrospectively.
Results: The number of CD34+ cells collected on the first day and in total was the least in donors with blood group A. A statistically significant relation was found between ABO blood groups and the number of CD34+ cells collected on the first day and in total. No relation was found between Rh positivity and the number of CD34+ cells collected.
Conclusion: According to our research in the literature, this is the first study that investigates whether blood groups have an effect on the release of HSCs from the bone marrow niche into the periphery and we observed that blood group A is a negative risk factor for peripheric blood HSC mobilization.
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Klupt, M. "Centre-Periphery Relations in Europe: Demographic Aspect." World Economy and International Relations, no. 2 (2015): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2015-2-58-67.
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The paper deals with the impact of centre-periphery relations on the demographic change in Europe in the 21st century. The reasons why the projections presented by Statistics Netherlands and the Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute in 1999 underestimated the future population growth in France, Italy, Spain and UK are analyzed. Current statistics and UN population projections (2012 revision) demonstrate that the idea of the total depopulation coming in Europe, commonly held there over the 20th century, is out of date. In fact, depopulation is far from being total; it is common only in peripheral countries of Europe, not in semi-peripheral and central ones (Germany is an exception). This conclusion is corroborated by the close positive correlation (r=0.754) between per capita GNI and the rate of population increase in 34 European countries between 2000 and 2012. The alarmist perspective of ageing is criticized. It is argued that ageing is often unreasonably blamed for negative effects which, in fact, are caused by other faults of socioeconomic system. So, the recent number of unemployed in Spain (5.7 millions) is four times more than the expected decrease in the number of people aged 20 to 64 between 2010 and 2030 (1.4 millions). The prospective institutional and structural consequences of the post-crisis shifting of immigration flows from Spain to Germany are considered. Given this shifting, the further expansion of the peripheral and semi-peripheral enclaves in German economy seems to be verisimilar. Nevertheless, the centripetal migration maintains, like before, the centre-peripheral differences in Europe. The centre concentrates knowledge-intensive services and attracts the most qualified migrants; semi-periphery receives the less qualified ones; the periphery is the source of labour force for both the centre and the semi-periphery.
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Kirsch, Wladimir, Roland Pfister, and Wilfried Kunde. "On Why Objects Appear Smaller in the Visual Periphery." Psychological Science 31, no. 1 (December 12, 2019): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797619892624.
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An object appears smaller in the periphery than in the center of the visual field. In two experiments ( N = 24), we demonstrated that visuospatial attention contributes substantially to this perceptual distortion. Participants judged the size of central and peripheral target objects after a transient, exogenous cue directed their attention to either the central or the peripheral location. Peripheral target objects were judged to be smaller following a central cue, whereas this effect disappeared completely when the peripheral target was cued. This outcome suggests that objects appear smaller in the visual periphery not only because of the structural properties of the visual system but also because of a lack of spatial attention.
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Boden, Matthew Joshua. "Tom Pickering: Jazz on the periphery of the periphery." Jazz Research Journal 10, no. 1-2 (July 18, 2016): 109–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/jazz.v10i1-2.29128.
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Yang, Qiaoxin, Roy Riblet, and Carl L. Schildkraut. "Sites That Direct Nuclear Compartmentalization Are near the 5′ End of the Mouse Immunoglobulin Heavy-Chain Locus." Molecular and Cellular Biology 25, no. 14 (July 2005): 6021–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.25.14.6021-6030.2005.
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ABSTRACT VDJ rearrangement in the mouse immunoglobulin heavy chain (Igh) locus involves a combination of events, including a large change in its nuclear compartmentalization. Prior to rearrangement, Igh moves from its default peripheral location near the nuclear envelope to an interior compartment, and after rearrangement it returns to the periphery. To identify any sites in Igh responsible for its association with the periphery, we systematically analyzed the nuclear positions of the Igh locus in mouse non-B- and B-cell lines and, importantly, in primary splenic lipopolysaccharide-stimulated B cells and plasmablasts. We found that a broad ∼1-Mb region in the 5′ half of the variable-gene region heavy-chain (Vh) locus regularly colocalizes with the nuclear lamina. The 3′ half of the Vh gene region is less frequently colocalized with the periphery, while sequences flanking the Vh gene region are infrequently so. Importantly, in plasmacytomas, VDJ rearrangements that delete most of the Vh locus, including part of the 5′ half of the Vh gene region, result in loss of peripheral compartmentalization, while deletion of only the proximal half of the Vh gene region does not. In addition, when Igh-Myc translocations move the Vh genes to a new chromosome, the distal Vh gene region is still associated with the nuclear periphery. Thus, the Igh region that interacts with the nuclear periphery is localized but is likely comprised of multiple sites that are distributed over ∼1 Mb in the 5′ half of the Vh gene region. This 5′ Vh gene region that produces peripheral compartmentalization is the same region that is distinguished by requirements for interleukin-7, Pax5, and Ezh2 for rearrangement of the Vh genes.
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Totsukawa, Go, Yue Wu, Yasuharu Sasaki, David J. Hartshorne, Yoshihiko Yamakita, Shigeko Yamashiro, and Fumio Matsumura. "Distinct roles of MLCK and ROCK in the regulation of membrane protrusions and focal adhesion dynamics during cell migration of fibroblasts." Journal of Cell Biology 164, no. 3 (February 2, 2004): 427–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200306172.
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We examined the role of regulatory myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation of myosin II in cell migration of fibroblasts. Myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) inhibition blocked MLC phosphorylation at the cell periphery, but not in the center. MLCK-inhibited cells did not assemble zyxin-containing adhesions at the periphery, but maintained focal adhesions in the center. They generated membrane protrusions all around the cell, turned more frequently, and migrated less effectively. In contrast, Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) inhibition blocked MLC phosphorylation in the center, but not at the periphery. ROCK-inhibited cells assembled zyxin-containing adhesions at the periphery, but not focal adhesions in the center. They moved faster and more straight. On the other hand, inhibition of myosin phosphatase increased MLC phosphorylation and blocked peripheral membrane ruffling, as well as turnover of focal adhesions and cell migration. Our results suggest that myosin II activated by MLCK at the cell periphery controls membrane ruffling, and that the spatial regulation of MLC phosphorylation plays critical roles in controlling cell migration of fibroblasts.
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Mikhailouski, Vadzim S. "Verification of the neo-Marxist concept of global semi-periphery (on the example of the role of the migration factor)." Journal of the Belarusian State University. Sociology, no. 1 (April 13, 2021): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33581/2521-6821-2021-1-38-45.
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Neo-Marxism world-system analysis was an effective means of the understanding of the postcolonial global order. The concepts of «core», «periphery» and «semi-periphery» reflected the dependent development of states in the global capitalist system. Capitalism structured the global order in the classical Marxist dichotomy of exploiters and exploited which can be represented with various subjects (states, groups of states, territories) and which according to neo-Marxism can’t disappear, because it reflects the essence of global antagonism. However, the realities of global development at the end of the 20th century demanded that neo-Marxism should reconsider the rigid link between the core-peripheral approach and the horizontal vision of the world: globalisation caused massive flows of migrants to highly developed countries and the gradual blurring of the boundaries between the core and periphery. There was the question in neo-Marxism which was about the ability of capitalism to preserve the core-peripheral organisation of the global division of labour. There was the idea that capitalism was able to reproduce core-periphery relations within the core states by including immigrants in the super-exploitation of labour through a covert policy of neo-racism. Such a vertical organisation of the core-peripheral model around the world, which was called dual society in neo-Marxism, would mean the formation of the global semi-periphery. The purpose of the article is to verify the neo-Marxist concept of the global semi-periphery using the example of the role of the migration factor in its formation. The study is based on UN data, as well as studies with a pronounced statistical component. According to the results of the study, it was concluded that the neo-Marxist concept of the global semi-periphery had not been verified by actual empirical material (on the example of the role of the migration factor). The available statistical and analytical data do not allow to totally confirm the neo-Marxist position that the global order under the influence of migration has been transformed and that it works in the conceptual model of a dual society. Globally, migration is not a determining factor in the widespread formation and unification of the dual method of labour exploitation within states. The quantitative data on the flow of migrants, comparative data on salaries in the countries of the core and the degree of concentration of income among certain groups of the population in the countries of the capitalist system state that the world is still largely reproduced in the horizontal core-peripheral model. Thus, there are no empirical grounds for stating the presence of a global dual society under the influence of the migration factor and consequently the presence of a global semi-periphery within the neo-Marxist approach of E. Balibar, I. Wallerstein, M. Hardt and A. Negri.
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Marques, Sylvia Ferreira. "Systemic Reconfiguration of Capitalism: Applying Ruggie’s Critique of Waltz in Economics." Contexto Internacional 43, no. 2 (August 2021): 283–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-8529.2019430200003.
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Abstract This paper identifies changes in the center-periphery structure due to transformations in capitalism since 1970. In its new configuration, capitalism not only altered center-periphery relations but also exerted impact upon peripheral units that affect the system structure itself. This paper aims to apply Ruggie’s famous critique of Waltz in International Relations to analyse global capitalism and show how the changes in the center-periphery cleavage is affecting its systemic reconfiguration in the 21st century. This research identifies the boomerang effect as a new systemic element, that is, as a byproduct of the interaction of units of the global capitalist system in the 21st century.
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Hüttermann, Stefanie, Otmar Bock, and Daniel Memmert. "The breadth of attention in old age." Ageing Research 3, no. 1 (December 4, 2012): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ar.2012.e10.
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Older adults typically have more difficulties than younger ones in situations that require attention in the visual periphery, such as driving a car or riding a bicycle. Previous studies accordingly found that the breadth of attention decreases in old age when one attention-demanding task is presented at fixation and simultaneously another one in the visual periphery. The present work evaluates the role of eye position for the observed deficit by presenting both tasks in the visual periphery (condition peripheral-peripheral) or by leaving it up to the subjects where in the visual field the tasks appear (condition free-gaze). Our data indicate that attention breadth decreases by 27% from the age of early 20 to the age of late 60 in both conditions. This outcome generalizes previous findings about age-related attention deficits to scenarios that were not explored in previous studies, yet are relevant for everyday behavior.
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Ichikawa, Yukimi, Ryousuke Ishikawa, and Makoto Konagai. "Numerical simulation of edge effects in silicon hetero-junction solar cells." AIP Advances 12, no. 6 (June 1, 2022): 065006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0094626.
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Photovoltaic characteristics in silicon hetero-junction solar cells are affected by the peripheral structure of the cell, and this is commonly referred to as the edge effect. We systematically investigated the edge effect on the photovoltaic characteristics of silicon hetero-junction solar cells by simulation. The effect strongly depends not only on the dimension of the periphery but also on the lifetime of the photo-generated carrier in crystalline Silicon (c-Si), the surface recombination velocity at the c-Si/a-Si:H interface, and the surface recombination velocity at the end of the c-Si wafer. Therefore, how these parameters affect the photovoltaic characteristics was simulated for three cases: (1) when a sufficiently large peripheral region passivated by a-Si:H is shielded from light, (2) when the length of the periphery is finite and the surface recombination of the photo-generated carriers at the peripheral end occurs, and (3) when the periphery is partially or entirely illuminated. Moreover, on the basis of the simulation technique developed, we proposed a new electrode configuration that is suitable for small area test cells with several cm2.
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Kafer, Georgia Rose, Yoshihisa Tanaka, Regina Rillo-Bohn, Eiko Shimizu, Kouichi Hasegawa, and Peter M. Carlton. "Sequential peripheral enrichment of H2A.Zac and H3K9me2 during trophoblast differentiation in human embryonic stem cells." Journal of Cell Science 133, no. 24 (November 16, 2020): jcs245282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.245282.
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ABSTRACTDuring the transition from pluripotency to a lineage-committed state, chromatin undergoes large-scale changes in structure, involving covalent modification of histone tails, use of histone variants and gene position changes with respect to the nuclear periphery. Here, using high-resolution microscopy and quantitative image analysis, we surveyed a panel of histone modifications for changes in nuclear peripheral enrichment during differentiation of human embryonic stem cells to a trophoblast-like lineage. We found two dynamic modifications at the nuclear periphery, acetylation of histone H2A.Z (H2A.Zac), and dimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 9 (H3K9me2). We demonstrate successive peripheral enrichment of these markers, with H2A.Zac followed by H3K9me2, over the course of 4 days. We find that H3K9me2 increases concomitantly with, but independently of, expression of lamin A, since deletion of lamin A did not affect H3K9me2 enrichment. We further show that inhibition of histone deacetylases causes persistent and increased H2A.Z acetylation at the periphery, delayed H3K9me2 enrichment and failure to differentiate. Our results show a concerted change in the nature of peripheral chromatin occurs upon differentiation into the trophoblast state.
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Blish, Catherine A., Brian J. Gallay, Gail L. Turk, Khristina M. Kline, William Wheat, and Pamela J. Fink. "Chronic Modulation of the TCR Repertoire in the Lymphoid Periphery." Journal of Immunology 162, no. 6 (March 15, 1999): 3131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.162.6.3131.
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Abstract Using TCR Vβ5 transgenic mice as a model system, we demonstrate that the induction of peripheral tolerance can mold the TCR repertoire throughout adult life. In these mice, three distinct populations of peripheral T cells are affected by chronic selective events in the lymphoid periphery. First, CD4+Vβ5+ T cells are deleted in the lymphoid periphery by superantigens encoded by mouse mammary tumor viruses-8 and -9 in an MHC class II-dependent manner. Second, mature CD8+Vβ5+ T cells transit through a CD8lowVβ5low deletional intermediate during tolerance induction by a process that depends upon neither mouse mammary tumor virus-encoded superantigens nor MHC class II expression. Third, a population of CD4−CD8−Vβ5+ T cells arises in the lymphoid periphery in an age-dependent manner. We analyzed the TCR Vα repertoire of each of these cellular compartments in both Vβ5 transgenic and nontransgenic C57BL/6 mice as a function of age. This analysis revealed age-related changes in the expression of Vα families among different cellular compartments, highlighting the dynamic state of the peripheral immune repertoire. Our work indicates that the chronic processes maintaining peripheral T cell tolerance can dramatically shape the available TCR repertoire.
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YU, HSIN-HAO, and MARCELLO G. P. ROSA. "Uniformity and diversity of response properties of neurons in the primary visual cortex: Selectivity for orientation, direction of motion, and stimulus size from center to far periphery." Visual Neuroscience 31, no. 1 (October 25, 2013): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523813000448.
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AbstractAlthough the primary visual cortex (V1) is one of the most extensively studied areas of the primate brain, very little is known about how the far periphery of visual space is represented in this area. We characterized the physiological response properties of V1 neurons in anaesthetized marmoset monkeys, using high-contrast drifting gratings. Comparisons were made between cells with receptive fields located in three regions of V1, defined by eccentricity: central (3–5°), near peripheral (5–15°), and far peripheral (>50°). We found that orientation selectivity of individual cells was similar from the center to the far periphery. Nonetheless, the proportion of orientation-selective neurons was higher in central visual field representation than in the peripheral representations. In addition, there were similar proportions of cells representing all orientations, with the exception of the representation of the far periphery, where we detected a bias favoring near-horizontal orientations. The proportions of direction-selective cells were similar throughout V1. When the center/surround organization of the receptive fields was tested with gratings with varying diameters, we found that the population of neurons that was suppressed by large gratings was smaller in the far periphery, although the strength of suppression in these cells tended to be stronger. In addition, the ratio between the diameters of the excitatory centers and suppressive surrounds was similar across the entire visual field. These results suggest that, superimposed on the broad uniformity of V1, there are subtle physiological differences, which indicate that spatial information is processed differently in the central versus far peripheral visual fields.
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Evstatiev, Simeon. "Religion, Centers, and Peripheries: Notes on West Africa and the Arabs." Филология, no. 43 (2023): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.60055/phl.2023.43.22-31.
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This article is based on the introduction to the Religion and Culture Seminar of the Center for the Study of Religions, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski. The seminar’s 2022–2023 interdisciplinary theme was “Center and Periphery in Religion and Society.” The text outlines the notion of center and periphery with the aim of framing a possible overall re-conceptualization, demonstrating why this notion remains highly relevant to our understanding of the intersection of religion and society. The analysis builds on preliminary notes on West Africa as an Islamic periphery to the Arab world. It then provides examples from the Middle East and Eastern Europe. The article argues that although a phenomenon looks peripheral from certain perspectives, this does not necessarily mean it is insignificant. In some cases, it might be more appropriate to speak of multiple interacting centers and peripheries rather than of one single center and a loose periphery.
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Balslev, Daniela, Bartholomaeus Odoj, Johannes Rennig, and Hans-Otto Karnath. "Abnormal Center–Periphery Gradient in Spatial Attention in Simultanagnosia." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 26, no. 12 (December 2014): 2778–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00666.
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Patients suffering from simultanagnosia cannot perceive more than one object at a time. The underlying mechanism is incompletely understood. One hypothesis is that simultanagnosia reflects “tunnel vision,” a constricted attention window around gaze, which precludes the grouping of individual objects. Although this idea has a long history in neuropsychology, the question whether the patients indeed have an abnormal attention gradient around the gaze has so far not been addressed. Here we tested this hypothesis in two simultanagnosia patients with bilateral parieto-occipital lesions and two control groups, with and without brain damage. We assessed the participants' ability to discriminate letters presented briefly at fixation with and without a peripheral distractor or in the visual periphery, with or without a foveal distractor. A constricted span of attention around gaze would predict an increased susceptibility to foveated versus peripheral distractors. Contrary to this prediction and unlike both control groups, the patients' ability to discriminate the target decreased more in the presence of peripheral compared with foveated distractors. Thus, the attentional spotlight in simultanagnosia does not fall on foveated objects as previously assumed, but rather abnormally highlights the periphery. Furthermore, we found the same center–periphery gradient in the patients' ability to recognize multiple objects. They detected multiple, but not single objects more accurately in the periphery than at fixation. These results suggest that an abnormal allocation of attention around the gaze can disrupt the grouping of individual objects into an integrated visual scene.
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Matsunaga, Sachihiro, and Kiichi Fukui. "The chromosome peripheral proteins play an active role in chromosome dynamics." BioMolecular Concepts 1, no. 2 (August 1, 2010): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bmc.2010.018.
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AbstractThe chromosome periphery is a chromosomal structure that covers the surface of mitotic chromosomes. The structure and function of the chromosome periphery has been poorly understood since its first description in 1882. It has, however, been proposed to be an insulator or barrier to protect chromosomes from subcellular substances and to act as a carrier of nuclear and nucleolar components to direct their equal distribution to daughter cells because most chromosome peripheral proteins (CPPs) are derived from the nucleolus or nucleus. Until now, more than 30 CPPs were identified in mammalians. Recent immunostaining analyses of CPPs have revealed that the chromosome periphery covers the centromeric region of mitotic chromosomes in addition to telomeres and regions between two sister chromatids. Knockdown analyses of CPPs using RNAi have revealed functions in chromosome dynamics, including cohesion of sister chromatids, kinetochore-microtubule attachments, spindle assembly and chromosome segregation. Because most CPPs are involved in various subcellular events in the nucleolus or nuclear at interphase, a temporal and spatial-specific knockdown method of CPPs in the chromosome periphery will be useful to understand the function of chromosome periphery in cell division.
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Camps, Gonzalo A., Andrea Cosacov, and Alicia N. Sérsic. "Centre–periphery approaches based on geography, ecology and historical climate stability: what explains the variation in morphological traits of Bulnesia sarmientoi?" Annals of Botany 127, no. 7 (February 26, 2021): 943–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcab034.
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Abstract Background and Aims The centre–periphery hypothesis posits that higher species performance is expected in geographic and ecological centres rather than in peripheral populations. However, this is not the commonly found pattern; therefore, alternative approaches, including the historical dimension of species geographical ranges, should be explored. Morphological functional traits are fundamental determinants of species performance, commonly related to environmental stability and productivity. We tested whether or not historical processes may have shaped variations in tree and leaf traits of the Chaco tree Bulnesia sarmientoi. Methods Morphological variation patterns were analysed from three centre–periphery approaches: geographical, ecological and historical. Tree (stem and canopy) and leaf (leaf size and specific leaf area) traits were measured in 24 populations across the species range. A principal component analysis was performed on morphological traits to obtain synthetic variables. Linear mixed-effects models were used to test which of the implemented centre–periphery approaches significantly explained trait spatial patterns. Key Results The patterns retrieved from the three centre–periphery approaches were not concordant. The historical approach revealed that trees were shorter in centre populations than in the periphery. Significant differences in leaf traits were observed between the geographical centre and the periphery, mainly due to low specific leaf area values towards the geographical centre. We did not find any pattern associated with the ecological centre–periphery approach. Conclusions The decoupled response between leaf and tree traits suggests that these sets of traits respond differently to processes occurring at different times. The geographical and historical approaches showed centres with extreme environments in relation to their respective peripheries, but the historical centre has also been a climatically stable area since the Last Glacial Maximum. The historical approach allowed for the recovery of historical processes underlying variation in tree traits, highlighting that centre–periphery delimitations should be based on a multi-approach framework.
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Ben Harush, Eli, and Nitza Davidovitch. "Center and periphery." LAPLAGE EM REVISTA 7, no. 1 (April 27, 2021): 429–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-6220202171776p.429-448.
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Reducing disparities and equal opportunities between central and peripheral areas is a leading topic in the educational discourse. The current study examines to what degree the Meitzav test, which constitutes a measure of the school’s level (academic achievements and social-academic climate), can bridge the disparities between students of different socioeconomic backgrounds from the perspective of 206 teachers who responded to the research questionnaires. The contribution of the study is in understanding the causes of the disparate grades in the two districts and ways of reducing the disparities. Understanding these factors and detecting them to reduce the disparities between the southern and central district is extremely significant, and their consequences also affect the future acquisition of a secondary education and an academic education. The research findings may have a practical contribution to policymakers in the school-based educational system, with the aim of increasing equality and giving students an equal opportunity to succeed in their studies.
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Muresan, Raluca. "Constructing a Periphery." Historical Studies on Central Europe 2, no. 1 (June 16, 2022): 121–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.47074/hsce.2022-1.06.
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Based on the analysis of articles published in theater periodicals in the Holy Roman Empire, thisstudy explores the enlightened cultural and symbolic geographies as reflected in the late eighteenth-centuryGerman theatrical press. Larry Wolff has shown that western travelers tend to locate the borders of civilizedEurope in Habsburg lands situated east of Vienna, namely in Galicia and Hungary. If theatrical periodicalsand travel memoirs by western travelers share a common interest in the frontiers of civilized Europe, thespecific geography of civilization entails several contradictions in the two medias. Larry Wolff has shownthat western travelers tend to locate the borders of civilized Europe in Habsburg lands situated east ofVienna, namely in Galicia and Hungary. By contrast, in theatrical journals based in the Holy Roman Empire,the borders of civilization seem to be concentrated south-eastwards, along the Ottoman frontier, namely inHungary and in the countries of St. Stephen’s Crown. The article seeks to elucidate variations by pointing togeographical and political factors, as well as to differences between these two literary genres. Unlike traveljournals, theater periodicals in the Holy Roman Empire had to give a general overview of contemporarytheater life, by pointing to the mobilities of itinerant theatrical, especially German, companies, and bydocumenting their repertoire. This article reveals how the specific construction of an imagined Europeanperiphery reflected by the periodicals is determined both by their networks of contributors and by the tastefor exotic, namely Turkish subjects, in eighteenth-century dramas and operas. Hence, such philosophicgeographies are shaped both by the origin, the language, the genre and by the major themes of suchperiodicals.
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Nieves Loja, Gerardo Miguel. "Interculturality From Periphery." Tópicos, Revista de Filosofía, no. 58 (December 13, 2019): 349–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21555/top.v0i58.1103.
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The purpose of this paper is to indicate the sector around which the new reflections and epistemological horizons of interculturality revolve and are articulated. This sector consists of the excluded, the indigenous peoples and the poor in rights. In these spaces of intercultural reflection, various analyses are required in order to promote a participative culture capable of relying on its own sources and ancient knowledge; to this end, both a liberating pedagogy and the establishment of laws that defend victims (man and nature) are needed. This will lead to the creation of an intercultural society.
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Markovic, Igor. "Periphery vs Province." Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies 4, no. 2 (June 1998): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135485659800400206.
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Greve, Louisa. "The Troubled Periphery." Journal of Democracy 24, no. 1 (2013): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jod.2013.0011.
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Soni, Sharad K. "China’s Periphery Policy." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 65, no. 3 (July 2009): 251–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097492840906500303.
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Kagarlitskii, Boris. "The New Periphery." Russian Politics & Law 37, no. 6 (November 1999): 24–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/rup1061-1940370624.
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Bec, P., M. Ravault, J. L. Arne, C. Trepsat, and Lee M. Jampol. "The Fundus Periphery." Retina 7, no. 4 (1987): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006982-198707040-00017.
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Crotty, Raymond. "Britain's Irish Periphery." IDS Bulletin 9, no. 2 (May 22, 2009): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-5436.1977.mp9002006.x.
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