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Journal articles on the topic 'Peripheral pulse'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Mikaelian, H. H. "Psychology of Computer Use: IV. Effects of Video Display Units on Fundamental Visual Processes: Temporal Resolution." Perceptual and Motor Skills 66, no. 3 (June 1988): 951–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1988.66.3.951.

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Measures of two-pulse resolution (2PR) using foveally and peripherally viewed targets were obtained before and after reading videotext and print. Three pulse durations (25, 250, and 300 msec) were used. The results showed that (a) 2PR on the fovea is about a fourth of that on the periphery, (b) peripheral 2PR increases following reading videotext, and (c) no appreciable effects occur following reading print.

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2

Li, Ye, Antoine Guilcher, Samuel Vennin, Jordi Alastruey-arimon, and Phil Chowienczyk. "P1 DETERMINANTS OF PERIPHERAL PULSE PRESSURE AND PULSE PRESSURE AMPLIFICATION." Artery Research 24, no. C (2018): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.artres.2018.10.054.

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3

Kuvin, J. T., M. Sidhu, A. R. Patel, K. A. Sliney, N. G. Pandian, and R. H. Karas. "Pulse pressure and peripheral arterial vasoreactivity." Journal of Human Hypertension 19, no. 6 (February 24, 2005): 501–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jhh.1001844.

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4

Vasan, Ramachandran S. "Pathogenesis of Elevated Peripheral Pulse Pressure." Hypertension 51, no. 1 (January 2008): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.107.101196.

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5

Murray, Willie Bosseau, and Patrick Anthony Foster. "The peripheral pulse wave: Information overlooked." Journal of Clinical Monitoring 12, no. 5 (September 1996): 365–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02077634.

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6

Fushimi, Yasutaka, Tomohisa Okada, Akira Yamamoto, Mitsunori Kanagaki, Koji Fujimoto, and Kaori Togashi. "Timing dependence of peripheral pulse-wave-triggered pulsed arterial spin labeling." NMR in Biomedicine 26, no. 11 (June 20, 2013): 1527–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nbm.2986.

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7

Gottlieb, Michael D., and Mitchell L. Kietzman. "Two-Pulse Temporal Integration Functions in the Fovea and Peripheral Retina." Perceptual and Motor Skills 64, no. 2 (April 1987): 343–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1987.64.2.343.

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The temporal integration of luminous energy was compared in the fovea and at 7° eccentricity using two-pulse stimuli and two methodologies The two-pulse stimuli consisted of two 1-msec. light pulses separated by intervals of darkness ranging from 1 to 400 msec; they were provided by a glow modulator tube transilluminating a 21.8' opal glass target. In Exp. 1 (equal-performance design), integration functions were generated using a forced-choice staircase procedure to estimate threshold luminance. The data for two Os showed that the critical duration (CD), and thus the period of complete integration, was briefer in the fovea than at 7°. Beyond the CD, integration continued to differ for the two retinal locations. In the fovea, two-pulse stimuli beyond CD evidenced partial integration and at the longest stimulus durations no integration or inhibition. In contrast, at 7° stimuli beyond CD appeared to evidence probability summation. In Exp. 2 (equal-energy design), integration functions were generated by measuring the detectability of two-pulse stimuli of different durations but equal in total luminous energy. A signal-detection procedure yielded measures of both response frequency and signal detectability, P(A). The data for two Os showed that for both measures CD was briefer in the fovea than at 7°. Also, in the fovea, long two-pulse stimuli appeared to show no integration or inhibition. Both experiments then showed a foveal-peripheral difference in two-pulse measures of visual temporal integration, with the fovea evidencing less integration. In addition, the forced-choice and signal-detection procedures showed that these loci differences in integration were independent of the Os' response criterion.

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8

Johnson, Kelly C., Zilong Xie, Maureen J. Shader, Paul G. Mayo, and Matthew J. Goupell. "Effect of Chronological Age on Pulse Rate Discrimination in Adult Cochlear-Implant Users." Trends in Hearing 25 (January 2021): 233121652110073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23312165211007367.

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Cochlear-implant (CI) users rely heavily on temporal envelope cues to understand speech. Temporal processing abilities may decline with advancing age in adult CI users. This study investigated the effect of age on the ability to discriminate changes in pulse rate. Twenty CI users aged 23 to 80 years participated in a rate discrimination task. They attempted to discriminate a 35% rate increase from baseline rates of 100, 200, 300, 400, or 500 pulses per second. The stimuli were electrical pulse trains delivered to a single electrode via direct stimulation to an apical (Electrode 20), a middle (Electrode 12), or a basal location (Electrode 4). Electrically evoked compound action potential amplitude growth functions were recorded at each of those electrodes as an estimate of peripheral neural survival. Results showed that temporal pulse rate discrimination performance declined with advancing age at higher stimulation rates (e.g., 500 pulses per second) when compared with lower rates. The age-related changes in temporal pulse rate discrimination at higher stimulation rates persisted after statistical analysis to account for the estimated peripheral contributions from electrically evoked compound action potential amplitude growth functions. These results indicate the potential contributions of central factors to the limitations in temporal pulse rate discrimination ability associated with aging in CI users.

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9

Korhonen, P., H. Kautiainen, and P. Aarnio. "Pulse pressure and subclinical peripheral artery disease." Journal of Human Hypertension 28, no. 4 (October 17, 2013): 242–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jhh.2013.99.

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10

Safar, Michel E. "Peripheral Pulse Pressure, Large Arteries, and Microvessels." Hypertension 44, no. 2 (August 2004): 121–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.hyp.0000135448.73199.75.

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11

Takazawa, K., and C. Ibukiyama. "Relationship between central and peripheral pulse waveforms." Pathophysiology 1 (November 1994): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0928-4680(94)90661-0.

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12

Talke, Pekka, and Claudia Stapelfeldt. "Effect of Peripheral Vasoconstriction on Pulse Oximetry." Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing 20, no. 5 (July 14, 2006): 305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10877-006-9022-3.

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13

Mueller, Niklas, Joachim Streis, Sandra Müller, Hermann Pavenstädt, Thomas Felderhoff, Stefan Reuter, and Veit Busch. "Pulse Wave Analysis and Pulse Wave Velocity for Fistula Assessment." Kidney and Blood Pressure Research 45, no. 4 (2020): 576–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000506741.

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Background/Aims: Pulse wave analysis (PWA) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) provide information about arterial stiffness and elasticity, which is mainly used for cardiovascular risk stratification. In the presented prospective observational pilot study, we examined the hypothesis that radiocephalic fistula (RCF)-related changes of haemodynamics and blood vessel morphology including high as well as low flow can be seen in specific changes of pulse wave (PW) morphology. Methods: Fifty-six patients with RCF underwent local ambilateral peripheral PWA and PWV measurement with the SphygmoCor® device. Given that the output parameters of the SphygmoCor® are not relevant for the study objectives, we defined new suitable parameters for PWA in direct proximity to fistulas and established an appropriate analysing algorithm. Duplex sonography served as reference method. Results: Marked changes of peripheral PW morphology when considering interarm differences of slope and areas between the fistula and non-fistula arms were observed in the Arteria radialis, A. brachialis and arterialized Vena cephalica. The sum of the slope differences was found to correlate with an increased flow, while in patients with fistula failure no changes in PW morphology were seen. Moreover, PWV was significantly reduced in the fistula arm. Conclusion: Beside duplex sonography, ambilateral peripheral PWA and PWV measurements are potential new clinical applications to characterize and monitor RCF function, especially in terms of high and low flow.

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14

Mullan, Brian A., Ciaran N. Ennis, Howard J. P. Fee, Ian S. Young, and David R. McCance. "Protective effects of ascorbic acid on arterial hemodynamics during acute hyperglycemia." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 287, no. 3 (September 2004): H1262—H1268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00153.2003.

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Mortality increases when acute coronary syndromes are complicated by stress-induced hyperglycemia. Early pulse wave reflection can augment central aortic systolic blood pressure and increase left ventricular strain. Altered pulse wave reflection may contribute to the increase in cardiac risk during acute hyperglycemia. Chronic ascorbic acid (AA) supplementation has recently been shown to reduce pulse wave reflection in diabetes. We investigated the in vivo effects of acute hyperglycemia, with and without AA pretreatment, on pulse wave reflection and arterial hemodynamics. Healthy male volunteers were studied. Peripheral blood pressure (BP) was measured at the brachial artery, and the SphygmoCor pulse wave analysis system was used to derive central BP, the aortic augmentation index (AIx; measure of systemic arterial stiffness), and the time to pulse wave refection ( Tr; measure of aortic distensibility) from noninvasively obtained radial artery pulse pressure (PP) waveforms. Hemodynamics were recorded at baseline and then every 30 min during a 120-min systemic hyperglycemic clamp (14 mmol/l). The subjects, studied on two separate occasions, were randomized in a double-blind, crossover manner to placebo or 2 g intravenous AA before the initiation of hyperglycemia. During hyperglycemia, AIx increased and Tr decreased. Hyperglycemia did not change peripheral PP but did magnify central aortic PP and diminished the normal physiological amplification of PP from the aorta to the periphery. Pulse wave reflection, as assessed from peripheral pulse wave analysis, is enhanced during acute hyperglycemia. Pretreatment with AA prevented the hyperglycemia-induced hemodynamic changes. By protecting hemodynamics during acute hyperglycemia, AA may have therapeutic use.

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15

Munir, Shahzad, Antoine Guilcher, Tamra Kamalesh, Brian Clapp, Simon Redwood, Michael Marber, and Philip Chowienczyk. "Peripheral Augmentation Index Defines the Relationship Between Central and Peripheral Pulse Pressure." Hypertension 51, no. 1 (January 2008): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.107.096016.

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16

Husmann, Marc, Vincenzo Jacomella, Christoph Thalhammer, and Beatrice R. Amann-Vesti. "Markers of arterial stiffness in peripheral arterial disease." Vasa 44, no. 5 (September 2015): 341–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0301-1526/a000452.

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Abstract. Increased arterial stiffness results from reduced elasticity of the arterial wall and is an independent predictor for cardiovascular risk. The gold standard for assessment of arterial stiffness is the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity. Other parameters such as central aortic pulse pressure and aortic augmentation index are indirect, surrogate markers of arterial stiffness, but provide additional information on the characteristics of wave reflection. Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is characterised by its association with systolic hypertension, increased arterial stiffness, disturbed wave reflexion and prognosis depending on ankle-brachial pressure index. This review summarises the physiology of pulse wave propagation and reflection and its changes due to aging and atherosclerosis. We discuss different non-invasive assessment techniques and highlight the importance of the understanding of arterial pulse wave analysis for each vascular specialist and primary care physician alike in the context of PAD.

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17

Lechelt, Eugene C. "A Comparison of Local and Remote Masking on Tactile Pulse Detection Using Different Masking Patterns." Perceptual and Motor Skills 63, no. 2 (October 1986): 343–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1986.63.2.343.

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Forward and backward masking functions were obtained for the detection of a 2-msec. tactile “test” pulse using two different masking patterns (5- or 10-pulse sequences) under conditions of both local and remote masking. Twelve ISIs (interval between “test” pulse and onset of the masking sequence) ranging from 10 to 76 msec. were used. A two-interval forced-choice (2-IFC) procedure was used in which observers were presented with two successive trains of tactile pulses, one having the “test” pulse at varying intervals prior (backward masking) to or after (forward masking) the masking sequence and one train having only a masking sequence. Observers were asked to report in which train of pulses they detected the “test” pulse. With local masking, i.e., when “test” pulse and masking sequence were presented to the same locus, there was substantially more forward than backward masking, and the 10-pulse sequence resulted in consistently greater amounts of masking than the 5-pulse mask. When the “test” pulse and masking sequence were delivered to different loci, i.e., the remote masking, the results were much less systematic. The data suggest that both peripheral and central factors contribute to the obtained masking functions and that both integration and interruption are producing the masking interference.

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18

Lee, Ki Nam, Sun Seob Choi, Yung Il Lee, Byeong Ho Park, Jae Ik Kim, Jung Mi Lee, and Kyeong Jin Nam. "Peripheral Arterial Thrombolysis by Modified Pulse-Spray Method." Journal of the Korean Radiological Society 30, no. 5 (1994): 835. http://dx.doi.org/10.3348/jkrs.1994.30.5.835.

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19

Yusuf, S. W., S. C. Whitaker, R. H. S. Gregson, P. W. Wenham, B. R. Hopkinson, and G. S. Makin. "Experience with pulse-spray technique in peripheral thrombolysis." European Journal of Vascular Surgery 8, no. 3 (May 1994): 270–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0950-821x(05)80141-0.

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20

Millasseau, Sandrine C., Sundip J. Patel, Simon R. Redwood, James M. Ritter, and Philip J. Chowienczyk. "Pressure Wave Reflection Assessed From the Peripheral Pulse." Hypertension 41, no. 5 (May 2003): 1016–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.hyp.0000057574.64076.a5.

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21

Sessler, Daniel I. "Pulse Oximetry May Not Reliably Assess Peripheral Perfusion." Anesthesiology 88, no. 4 (April 1, 1998): 1129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199804000-00046.

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22

Thakur, Sangeeta, S. K. Mishra, and Ajay Sharma. "Use of pulse oximetry in peripheral arterial injury." Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 10, no. 1 (June 1994): 67–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02860886.

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23

Gunter, Sule, Chanel Robinson, Gavin R. Norton, Angela J. Woodiwiss, Linda Tsang, Patrick H. Dessein, and Aletta M. E. Millen. "Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Disease Characteristics Are Consistently Associated with Arterial Function in Rheumatoid Arthritis." Journal of Rheumatology 44, no. 8 (June 1, 2017): 1125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.170029.

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Objective.Arterial properties influence cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We identified potential determinants of arterial function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods.Relationships of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and RA characteristics with arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity), wave reflection (augmentation index, reflected wave pressure, and reflection magnitude), and pressure pulsatility (central systolic and pulse pressure, peripheral pulse pressure, pulse pressure amplification, and forward wave pressure) were identified in multivariable backward regression models among 177 patients without established CVD (118 white, 32 Asian, 22 black, 5 mixed ancestry).Results.Recorded characteristics explained 37% (pulse wave velocity) to 71% (reflected wave pressure) of the variability in arterial function. These factors were particularly associated with wave reflection and pressure pulsatility: RA duration (p = 0.04), rheumatoid factor status (p = 0.01 to 0.03), leukocyte counts (p = 0.02 to 0.05), and total cholesterol (p < 0.01 to 0.03). Body mass index (p < 0.01 to 0.02) and insulin resistance (p < 0.01 to 0.01) were related to reduced wave reflection and peripheral pulse pressure. Exercise (p = 0.02) and alcohol consumption (p < 0.01) were associated with increased pulse pressure amplification and decreased peripheral pulse pressure, respectively. Tumor necrosis factor-α inhibition (p < 0.01) was related to reduced pulse wave velocity, and tetracycline use (p = 0.02) to decreased peripheral pulse pressure.Conclusion.Traditional cardiovascular risk factors and disease characteristics are consistently associated with vascular hemodynamic alterations in RA. The relative effect of arterial stiffness, wave reflection, and pressure pulsatility on CVD risk in RA needs further study.

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24

Pugovkin, Andrey Petrovich, Nikolay Aleksandrovich Verlov, Sergey Borisovich Landa, and Valeriy Olegovich Yerkudov. "The systemic arterial pressure waveform management by means of the study of peripheral vessels." Pediatrician (St. Petersburg) 5, no. 1 (March 15, 2014): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ped5176-81.

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The systemic arterial pressure waveform was reconstructed from peripheral pulse curve measured dy volume-clump method with sphygmoarteriorhythmograph SACR-2 by means of specially designed transfer function. The restored pulse curve was compared with that obtained from peripheral pulse curve measured with appliqué gauge and software of the Sphygmocor cardiovascular system. The comparative study revealed the identity of results obtained via both approache.

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25

Makowski, Katherine N., Michael J. Kreisman, Richard B. McCosh, Ali A. Raad, and Kellie M. Breen. "Peripheral interleukin-1β inhibits arcuate kiss1 cells and LH pulses in female mice." Journal of Endocrinology 246, no. 2 (August 2020): 149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-20-0165.

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Peripheral immune/inflammatory challenges rapidly disrupt reproductive neuroendocrine function. This inhibition is considered to be centrally mediated via suppression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion, yet the neural pathway(s) for this effect remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that interleukin-1β inhibits pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion in female mice via inhibition of arcuate kisspeptin cell activation, a population of neurons considered to be the gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator. In the first experiment, we determined that the inhibitory effect of peripheral interleukin-1β on luteinizing hormone secretion was enhanced by estradiol. We next utilized serial sampling and showed that interleukin-1β reduced the frequency of luteinizing hormone pulses in ovariectomized female mice treated with estradiol. The interleukin-1β-induced suppression of pulse frequency was associated with reduced kisspeptin cell activation, as determined by c-Fos coexpression, but not as a result of impaired responsiveness to kisspeptin challenge. Together, these data suggest an inhibitory action of interleukin-1β upstream of kisspeptin receptor activation. We next tested the hypothesis that estradiol enhances the activation of brainstem nuclei responding to interleukin-1β. We determined that the expression of interleukin-1 receptor was elevated within the brainstem following estradiol. Interleukin-1β induced c-Fos in the area postrema, ventrolateral medulla, and nucleus of the solitary tract; however, the response was not increased by estradiol. Collectively, these data support a neural mechanism whereby peripheral immune/inflammatory stress impairs reproductive neuroendocrine function via inhibition of kisspeptin cell activation and reduced pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion. Furthermore, these findings implicate the influence of estradiol on peripherally mediated neural pathways such as those activated by peripheral cytokines.

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26

Iliopoulos, Fivos, Till Nierhaus, and Arno Villringer. "Electrical noise modulates perception of electrical pulses in humans: sensation enhancement via stochastic resonance." Journal of Neurophysiology 111, no. 6 (March 15, 2014): 1238–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00392.2013.

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Although noise is usually considered to be harmful for signal detection and information transmission, stochastic resonance (SR) describes the counterintuitive phenomenon of noise enhancing the detection and transmission of weak input signals. In mammalian sensory systems, SR-related phenomena may arise both in the peripheral and the central nervous system. Here, we investigate behavioral SR effects of subliminal electrical noise stimulation on the perception of somatosensory stimuli in humans. We compare the likelihood to detect near-threshold pulses of different intensities applied on the left index finger during presence vs. absence of subliminal noise on the same or an adjacent finger. We show that (low-pass) noise can enhance signal detection when applied on the same finger. This enhancement is strong for near-threshold pulses below the 50% detection threshold and becomes stronger when near-threshold pulses are applied as brief trains. The effect reverses at pulse intensities above threshold, especially when noise is replaced by subliminal sinusoidal stimulation, arguing for a peripheral direct current addition. Unfiltered noise applied on longer pulses enhances detection of all pulse intensities. Noise applied to an adjacent finger has two opposing effects: an inhibiting effect (presumably due to lateral inhibition) and an enhancing effect (most likely due to SR in the central nervous system). In summary, we demonstrate that subliminal noise can significantly modulate detection performance of near-threshold stimuli. Our results indicate SR effects in the peripheral and central nervous system.

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27

Avolio, A. P., W. W. Nichols, and M. F. O'Rourke. "Propagation of pressure pulse in kangaroo arterial system." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 249, no. 3 (September 1, 1985): R335—R340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1985.249.3.r335.

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The pressure pulse contour in the ascending aorta of kangaroos is markedly different from that seen in other species, but the changes undergone by the pulse propagating along the aorta are quite similar. Alteration of wave contour and progressive amplification of the pulse in the distal aorta and peripheral arteries of other mammals have been attributed to elastic nonuniformity of the aorta and to peripheral wave reflection. In kangaroos the aorta approximates a uniform tube with essentially constant viscoelastic properties, whereas wave reflection from the lower body appears to be unusually intense and to emanate from a single functionally discrete reflecting site; this appears to be the result of arterial terminations in the muscular lower body. Intense wave reflection from the lower body is the dominant mechanism responsible for changes in the pressure pulse of kangaroos between the ascending aorta and peripheral arteries. Contour of the pulse in the ascending aorta is attributable to this and to close proximity of reflecting sites in the upper body.

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28

Lewis, Jane EA, Paul Williams, and Jane H. Davies. "Non-invasive assessment of peripheral arterial disease: Automated ankle brachial index measurement and pulse volume analysis compared to duplex scan." SAGE Open Medicine 4 (January 1, 2016): 205031211665908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312116659088.

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Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to individually and cumulatively compare sensitivity and specificity of the (1) ankle brachial index and (2) pulse volume waveform analysis recorded by the same automated device, with the presence or absence of peripheral arterial disease being verified by ultrasound duplex scan. Methods: Patients (n=205) referred for lower limb arterial assessment underwent ankle brachial index measurement and pulse volume waveform recording using volume plethysmography, followed by ultrasound duplex scan. The presence of peripheral arterial disease was recorded if ankle brachial index <0.9; pulse volume waveform was graded as 2, 3 or 4; or if haemodynamically significant stenosis >50% was evident with ultrasound duplex scan. Outcome measure was agreement between the measured ankle brachial index and interpretation of pulse volume waveform for peripheral arterial disease diagnosis, using ultrasound duplex scan as the reference standard. Results: Sensitivity of ankle brachial index was 79%, specificity 91% and overall accuracy 88%. Pulse volume waveform sensitivity was 97%, specificity 81% and overall accuracy 85%. The combined sensitivity of ankle brachial index and pulse volume waveform was 100%, specificity 76% and overall accuracy 85%. Conclusion: Combining these two diagnostic modalities within one device provided a highly accurate method of ruling out peripheral arterial disease, which could be utilised in primary care to safely reduce unnecessary secondary care referrals.

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29

Ogawa, Keishi, Munetaka Sugiishi, Hirofumi Anno, Kazuhiro Katada, Koujiroh Yamaguti, Takehiko Goroh, and Sigeki Saitoh. "162. Evaluation of peripheral pulse gating method on MRI." Japanese Journal of Radiological Technology 47, no. 2 (1991): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.kj00003322948.

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30

Jindal, GD, SushmaN Bhat, ManasiS Sawant, and AlakaK Deshpande. "Role of harmonics and subharmonics in peripheral pulse analysis." MGM Journal of Medical Sciences 7, no. 3 (2020): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_47_20.

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31

Whitaker, S., S. Yusuf, R. Gregson, J. Astil, P. Wenham, B. Hopkinson, and G. Makin. "Accelerated peripheral arterial thrombolysis using the Pulse-Spray method." Clinical Radiology 48, no. 5 (November 1993): 343–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-9260(05)81329-7.

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32

Sorelli, Michele, Antonia Perrella, and Leonardo Bocchi. "Detecting Vascular Age Using the Analysis of Peripheral Pulse." IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 65, no. 12 (December 2018): 2742–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2018.2814630.

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33

Kallmunzer, B., T. Bobinger, N. Kahl, M. Kopp, N. Kurka, M. J. Hilz, L. Marquardt, S. Schwab, and M. Kohrmann. "Peripheral pulse measurement after ischemic stroke: A feasibility study." Neurology 83, no. 7 (July 23, 2014): 598–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000000690.

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34

Jawahar, David, H. R. Rachamalla, Alicja Rafalowski, R. Ilkhani, T. Bharathan, N. Anandarao, and David Jawahar. "Pulse Oximetry in the Evaluation of Peripheral Vascular Disease." Angiology 48, no. 8 (August 1997): 721–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000331979704800808.

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35

Johnson, Nicholas, ValerieA Johnson, Jeffrey Bannister, and RichardJ Lilford. "MEASUREMENT OF FETAL PERIPHERAL PERFUSION WITH A PULSE OXIMETER." Lancet 333, no. 8643 (April 1989): 898. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(89)92887-0.

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36

Cavaye, Douglas M., Marwan R. Tabbara, George E. Kopchok, and Rodney A. White. "Continuous Piezoelectric Pulse-Sensor Monitoring of Peripheral Vascular Reconstructions." Vascular Surgery 26, no. 9 (November 1992): 718–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153857449202600905.

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37

Totah, A., B. Kallmunzer, and M. Kohrmann. "Peripheral pulse measurement after ischemic stroke: A feasibility study." Neurology 84, no. 9 (March 2, 2015): 962–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000462308.68863.ff.

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38

Kuznetsova, Tatiana, Gregory Szczesny, Lutgarde Thijs, Dominique Jozeau, Jan D’hooge, and Jan A. Staessen. "Assessment of peripheral vascular function with photoplethysmographic pulse amplitude." Artery Research 5, no. 2 (2011): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.artres.2011.03.001.

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39

Vegfors, Magnus, Björn Tryggvason, Folke Sjöberg, and Claes Lennmarken. "Assessment of peripheral blood flow using a pulse oximeter." Journal of Clinical Monitoring 6, no. 1 (January 1990): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02832175.

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40

Baertschi, Alex J., Yves Massy, and Smi Kwon. "Vasopressin responses to peripheral and central osmotic pulse stimulation." Peptides 6, no. 6 (November 1985): 1131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0196-9781(85)90439-5.

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41

Skeen, James T., W. Walter Backus, Alec R. Hovagim, and Paul J. Poppers. "Intraoperative pulse oximetry in peripheral revascularization in an infant." Journal of Clinical Monitoring 4, no. 4 (October 1988): 272–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01617326.

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42

Pälve, Heikki. "Reflection and transmission pulse oximetry during compromised peripheral perfusion." Journal of Clinical Monitoring 8, no. 1 (January 1992): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01618081.

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Bebout, Donald E., and Paul D. Mannheimer. "Effects of Cold-Induced Peripheral Vasoconstriction on Pulse Amplitude at Various Pulse Oximeter Sensor Sites." Anesthesiology 96, Sup 2 (September 2002): A558. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200209002-00558.

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Brand, M., A. J. Woodiwiss, F. Michel, H. L. Booysen, M. G. Veller, and G. R. Norton. "A Mismatch Between Aortic Pulse Pressure and Pulse Wave Velocity Predicts Advanced Peripheral Arterial Disease." European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery 46, no. 3 (September 2013): 338–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejvs.2013.06.005.

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Driscoll, M. Darcy, J. Malcolm, O. Arnold, Gordon E. Marchiori, Linda A. Harker, and Marvin H. Sherebrin. "Determination of Appropriate Recording Force for Non-Invasive Measurement of Arterial Pressure Pulses." Clinical Science 92, no. 6 (June 1, 1997): 559–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0920559.

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1. Non-invasive recording techniques of the arterial pressure pulse will distort the arterial wall and may alter pulse wave measurements. We hypothesized that intersubject variability of these measurements would be reduced if recording forces were normalized to reflect individualized arterial occlusion forces. 2. In 10 normal male subjects (age 24 ± 1 years), brachial, radial and finger arterial pressure pulses were recorded simultaneously using volume displacement pulse transducers (Fukuda TY-303) and a finger pressure monitoring system (Finapres, Ohmeda 2300) and were made at 2, 5 and 10–100% (10% increments) of the brachial arterial force associated with marked distortion of finger pulsations. Forces were applied at the brachial site in a randomized order while a constant 1.8 N force was applied at the radial artery site. Pressure pulses were analysed using the discrete fast Fourier transform. 3. Pulse amplitude, contour, wave velocity and relative transmission ratios remained relatively constant until the brachial artery recording force exceeded 59.9 ± 0.3% of the largest recording force used in each subject (7.14 ± 0.75 N). The finger pulse pressures (P < 0.0001), radial pulse amplitudes (P < 0.0001) and contours (harmonics 2–6, P < 0.003), pulse wave velocity (P < 0.021) and relative transmission ratios (harmonics 3–7, P < 0.01) then decreased with higher recording forces. 4. To avoid distortion, non-invasive recordings of arterial pressure pulse amplitude, contour, pressure wave velocity and relative transmission ratios along a peripheral arterial segment should use recording forces of less than 60% of the force associated with marked distortion of finger pulsations.

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Guérit, François, Jeremy Marozeau, Bastian Epp, and Robert P. Carlyon. "Effect of the Relative Timing between Same-Polarity Pulses on Thresholds and Loudness in Cochlear Implant Users." Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology 21, no. 6 (August 24, 2020): 497–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10162-020-00767-y.

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Abstract The effect of the relative timing between pairs of same-polarity monophasic pulses has been studied extensively in single-neuron animal studies and has revealed fundamental properties of the neurons. For human cochlear implant listeners, the requirement to use charge-balanced stimulation and the typical use of symmetric, biphasic pulses limits such measures, because currents of opposite polarities interact at the level of the neural membrane. Here, we propose a paradigm to study same-polarity summation of currents while keeping the stimulation charge-balanced within a short time window. We used pairs of mirrored pseudo-monophasic pulses (a long-low phase followed by a short-high phase for the first pulse and a short-high phase followed by a long-low phase for the second pulse). We assumed that most of the excitation would stem from the two adjacent short-high phases, which had the same polarity. The inter-pulse interval between the short-high phases was varied from 0 to 345 μs. The inter-pulse interval had a significant effect on the perceived loudness, and this effect was consistent with both passive (membrane-related) and active (ion-channel-related) neuronal mechanisms contributing to facilitation. Furthermore, the effect of interval interacted with the polarity of the pulse pairs. At threshold, there was an effect of polarity, but, surprisingly, no effect of interval nor an interaction between the two factors. We discuss possible peripheral origins of these results.

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Tofil, Szymon, Hubert Danielewski, Grzegorz Witkowski, Krystian Mulczyk, and Bogdan Antoszewski. "Technology and Properties of Peripheral Laser-Welded Micro-Joints." Materials 14, no. 12 (June 10, 2021): 3213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123213.

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This article presents the results of research on the technology and peripheral properties of laser-welded micro-couplings. The aim of this research was to determine the characteristics of properly made joints and to indicate the range of optimal parameters of the welding process. Thin-walled AISI 316L steel pipes with diameters of 1.5 and 2 mm used in medical equipment were tested. The micro-welding process was carried out on a SISMA LM-D210 Nd:YAG laser. The research methods used were macroscopic and microscopic analyses of the samples, and assessment of the distribution of elements in the weld, the distribution of microhardness and the tear strength of the joint. As a result of the tests, the following welding parameters are recommended: a pulse energy of 2.05 J, pulse duration of 4 ms and frequency of 2 Hz, beam focusing to a diameter of 0.4 mm and a rotation speed of 0.157 rad/s. In addition, the tests show good joint properties with a strength of more than 75% of the thinner pipe, uniform distribution of alloying elements and a complex dendritic structure characteristic of pulse welding.

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Lo, Fu-Sun, and Reha S. Erzurumlu. "Peripheral nerve damage does not alter release properties of developing central trigeminal afferents." Journal of Neurophysiology 105, no. 4 (April 2011): 1681–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00833.2010.

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The infraorbital branch of the trigeminal nerve (ION) is essential in whisker-specific neural patterning (“barrelettes”) in the principal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve (PrV). The barrelettes are formed by the ION terminal arbors, somata, and dendrites of the PrV cells; they are abolished after neonatal damage to the ION. Physiological studies show that disruption of the barrelettes is accompanied by conversion of functional synapses into silent synapses in the PrV. In this study, we used whole cell recordings with a paired-pulse stimulation protocol and MK-801 blocking rate to estimate the presynaptic release probability (Pr) of ION central trigeminal afferent terminals in the PrV. We investigated Pr during postnatal development, following neonatal ION damage, and determined whether conversion of functional synapses into silent synapses after peripheral denervation results from changes in Pr. The paired-pulse ratio (PPR) was quite variable ranging from 40% (paired-pulse depression) to 175% (paired-pulse facilitation). The results from paired-pulse protocol were confirmed by MK-801 blocking rate experiments. The nonuniform PPRs did not show target cell specificity and developmental regulation. The distribution of PPRs fit nicely to Gaussian function with a peak at ∼100%. In addition, neonatal ION transections did not alter the distribution pattern of PPR in their central terminals, suggesting that the conversion from functional synapses into silent synapses in the peripherally denervated PrV is not caused by changes in the Pr.

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Connaughton, M. A., M. L. Fine, and M. H. Taylor. "The effects of seasonal hypertrophy and atrophy on fiber morphology, metabolic substrate concentration and sound characteristics of the weakfish sonic muscle." Journal of Experimental Biology 200, no. 18 (September 1, 1997): 2449–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.200.18.2449.

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Male weakfish Cynoscion regalis possess highly specialized, bilateral, striated sonic muscles used in sound production associated with courtship. Androgen-driven hypertrophy of the muscles during the late spring spawning period results in a tripling of sonic muscle mass followed by post-spawning atrophy. This study examined the morphological and biochemical changes underlying seasonal changes in sonic muscle mass and the functional effects of these on contraction as measured by sound production. Sonic muscle fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) increased significantly during the period of hypertrophy and then decreased by nearly 60%. Both the CSA of the contractile cylinder and that of the peripheral sarcoplasm decreased significantly by late summer, with the peripheral ring of sarcoplasm virtually disappearing. Muscle protein content followed a similar trend, suggesting a major loss of structural elements during atrophy. Muscle glycogen and lipid content decreased precipitously in early June during the period of maximal sound production. Sound pressure level increased and sound pulse duration decreased with increasing sonic muscle mass, indicating that sonic muscle fibers contract with greater force and shorter duration during the spawning season. Neither the pulse repetition rate nor the number of pulses varied seasonally or with muscle mass, suggesting that the effects of steroids on the acoustic variables are more pronounced peripherally than in the central nervous system. Seasonal sonic muscle hypertrophy, therefore, functions as a secondary sexual characteristic that maximizes vocalization amplitude during the spawning period.

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Ritzel, R. A., J. D. Veldhuis, and P. C. Butler. "The mass, but not the frequency, of insulin secretory bursts in isolated human islets is entrained by oscillatory glucose exposure." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 290, no. 4 (April 2006): E750—E756. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00381.2005.

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Insulin is secreted in discrete insulin secretory bursts. Regulation of insulin release is accomplished almost exclusively by modulation of insulin pulse mass, whereas the insulin pulse interval remains stable at ∼4 min. It has been reported that in vivo insulin pulses can be entrained to a pulse interval of ∼10 min by infused glucose oscillations. If oscillations in glucose concentration play an important role in the regulation of pulsatile insulin secretion, abnormal or absent glucose oscillations, which have been described in type 2 diabetes, might contribute to the defective insulin secretion. Using perifused human islets exposed to oscillatory vs. constant glucose, we questioned 1) whether the interval of insulin pulses released by human islets is entrained to infused glucose oscillations and 2) whether the exposure of islets to oscillating vs. constant glucose confers an increased signal for insulin secretion. We report that oscillatory glucose exposure does not entrain insulin pulse frequency, but it amplifies the mass of insulin secretory bursts that coincide with glucose oscillations ( P < 0.001). Dose-response analyses showed that the mode of glucose drive does not influence total insulin secretion ( P = not significant). The apparent entrainment of pulsatile insulin to infused glucose oscillations in nondiabetic humans in vivo might reflect the amplification of underlying insulin secretory bursts that are detected as entrained pulses at the peripheral sampling site, but without changes in the underlying pacemaker activity.

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