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1
Cropanzano, Russell, and William J. Becker. "The Promise and Peril of Organizational Neuroscience." Journal of Management Inquiry 22, no. 3 (March 13, 2013): 306–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1056492613478518.
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Wolfe, Robert. "Reforming WTO Conflict Management: Why and How to Improve the Use of ‘Specific Trade Concerns’." Journal of International Economic Law 23, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 817–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiel/jgaa034.
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ABSTRACT With its dispute settlement system in peril, the role of the World Trade Organization in mitigating commercial conflict is more important than ever, but its working practices need reform. The Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures and Technical Barriers to Trade committees have developed a mechanism for members to raise ‘specific trade concerns’ about the laws, regulations, and practices of their trading partners, both proposed and already implemented. These specific trade concerns can mitigate sources of friction and help avoid recourse to formal dispute settlement. This article assesses experience with specific trade concerns and analyzes suggestions for reform of the process and its extension to all World Trade Organization committees. The important World Trade Organization reform question is whether procedural changes in Geneva can make specific trade concerns more effective for all members while facilitating enhanced participation by members who do not now make full use of the possibilities that such procedures offer.
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Peterson, Mary A., and Bradley S. Gibson. "Must Figure-Ground Organization Precede Object Recognition? An Assumption in Peril." Psychological Science 5, no. 5 (September 1994): 253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1994.tb00622.x.
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The assumption that figure-ground segmentation must precede object or shape recognition has been central to theories of visual perception We showed that assumption to be incorrect in an experiment in which observers reported the first perceived figure-ground organization of briefly exposed stimuli depicting two regions sharing a figure-ground border We manipulated the symmetry of the two regions and their orientation-dependent denotivity (roughly, their meaningfulness), and measured how each of these variables influenced figure-ground reports when the stimuli were exposed for 14, 28, 57, 86, or 100 ms, and followed immediately by a mask Influences on figure-ground organization from both symmetry and orientation-dependent object recognition processes were found, both were observed first in the 28-ms condition Object recognition inputs did not dominate symmetry inputs We suggest that object recognition processes may operate simultaneously on both sides of edges detected before figure-ground relationships are determined
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Bourque, M. J., and A. Kolta. "Properties and Interconnections of Trigeminal Interneurons of the Lateral Pontine Reticular Formation in the Rat." Journal of Neurophysiology 86, no. 5 (November 1, 2001): 2583–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2001.86.5.2583.
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Numerous evidence suggests that interneurons located in the lateral tegmentum at the level of the trigeminal motor nucleus contribute importantly to the circuitry involved in mastication. However, the question of whether these neurons participate actively to genesis of the rhythmic motor pattern or simply relay it to trigeminal motoneurons remains open. To answer this question, intracellular recordings were performed in an in vitro slice preparation comprising interneurons of the peritrigeminal area (PeriV) surrounding the trigeminal motor nucleus (NVmt) and the parvocellular reticular formation ventral and caudal to it (PCRt). Intracellular and extracellular injections of anterograde tracers were also used to examine the local connections established by these neurons. In 97% of recordings, electrical stimulation of adjacent areas evoked a postsynaptic potential (PSP). These PSPs were primarily excitatory, but inhibitory and biphasic responses were also induced. Most occurred at latencies longer than those required for monosynaptic transmission and were considered to involve oligosynaptic pathways. Both the anatomical and physiological findings show that all divisions of PeriV and PCRt are extensively interconnected. Most responses followed high-frequency stimulation (50 Hz) and showed little variability in latency indicating that the network reliably distributes inputs across all areas. In all neurons but one, excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) or inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) were also elicited by stimulation of NVmt, suggesting the existence of excitatory and inhibitory interneurons within the motor nucleus. In a number of cases, these PSPs were reproduced by local injection of glutamate in lieu of the electrical stimulation. All EPSPs induced by stimulation of PeriV, PCRt, or NVmt were sensitive to ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonists 6-cyano-7-dinitroquinoxaline and d,l-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid, while IPSPs were blocked by bicuculline and strychnine, antagonists of GABAA and glycine receptors. Examination of PeriV and PCRt intrinsic properties indicate that they form a fairly uniform network. Three types of neurons were identified on the basis of their firing adaptation properties. These types were not associated with particular regions. Only 5% of all neurons showed bursting behavior. Our results do not support the hypothesis that neurons of PeriV and PCRt participate actively to rhythm generation, but suggest instead that they are driven by rhythmical synaptic inputs. The organization of the network allows for rapid distribution of this rhythmic input across premotoneuron groups.
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Рабаданова, Ж. Б. "Accounting for finished products and their sales in accordance with Russian and international standards." Экономика и предпринимательство, no. 11(136) (February 27, 2022): 1278–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2021.11.136.258.
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В современных рыночных условиях, когда организации вынуждены действовать на свой страх и риск и вести жесткую конкурентную борьбу за овладение большей долей рынка, важность обозначенного вопроса становится еще выше. В связи с этим, необходимо периодически проводить маркетинговые исследования рынка, изучать потребительский спрос для его более эффективного удовлетворения, проводить экономический анализ показателей реализации и на его основе принимать рациональные управленческие решения. Правильность учета реализуемой продукции, соблюдение требований, предъявляемых к учету, и оптимальный выбор методов учетной политики, касающихся различных аспектов реализации, также играют немаловажную роль в формировании финансовых результатов. Вопросу увеличения объема реализации придается большое значение, поскольку в этом кроется залог улучшения финансовых результатов организации. In modern market conditions, when organizations are forced to act at their own peril and risk and wage fierce competition for mastering a larger share of the market, the importance of this issue becomes even higher. In this regard, it is necessary to periodically conduct marketing research of the market, study consumer demand for its more effective satisfaction, conduct an economic analysis of performance indicators and, on its basis, make rational management decisions. The correctness of accounting for products sold, compliance with accounting requirements, and the optimal choice of accounting policy methods related to various aspects of implementation also play an important role in the formation of financial results. Great importance is attached to the issue of increasing the volume of sales, since this is the key to improving the financial results of the organization.
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Cielo, Cristina. "Formas políticas peri-urbanas." Diálogos Latinoamericanos 9, no. 14 (June 1, 2008): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/dl.v9i14.113594.
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This essay explores the production of peri-urban participatorypractices in the city of Cochabamba, Bolivia. We seek to identify thedistinctive and productive elements of local forms of social andpolitical organization, constructed both in spite of and in the contextof the city’s exclusions. We begin by examining the historical andinstitutional frameworks that have created a discriminated andexcluded area of the city. We then consider the formation oforganizational relations in this context, identifying everydayparticipatory practices of inhabitants of two neighborhoods in theperipheries of the city. We highlight, in particular, those localpractices that point towards alternatives to two fundamental elementsof liberal citizenship: its enduring division between the private andthe public, and its individualization of socio-political claims. Finally,we explore the importance of peri-urban practices and logics in thecurrent socio-political panorama of the country.
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McCann, Gerard. "Possibility and Peril: Trade Unionism, African Cold War, and the Global Strands of Kenyan Decolonization." Journal of Social History 53, no. 2 (2019): 348–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jsh/shz099.
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Abstract Trade unionism was at the leading edge of African freedom struggle in the 1940s and 1950s. It was an incubator where different visions of decolonized futures vied for ascendency after WWII. This article analyzes international labor networks and trade union activism in Kenya to explore the entanglements of decolonization and Cold War from Africa in the 1940s to 1960s, an era when competing modes of anticolonial internationalism laid paths to independence. This story is told in two phases. Through Makhan Singh, the article assesses the influence of Indo-African connection, Marxism and the radical left on labor organization over the 1940s. Then, through Tom Mboya, the article charts Kenyan affiliation to the anticommunist International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU) and American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) from the early 1950s. It shows how this internationalist volte-face transformed Kenya’s trade union landscape, propelled anticolonial agitation and, by the late 1950s, wrought irreparable fractures in fledgling pan-African institutions over the very nature of postcolonialism. The article argues that mobile African labor leaders coproduced, domesticated, and molded Cold War networks—that the conduits of early global Cold War agency ran both ways. Singh and Mboya were interlocutors in pluripotent world conversations marshaled for African decolonization. They also helped delineate the terms of global dialogue at a moment of neocolonial peril and decolonizing opportunity. This calls on historians to define alternative chronologies of globalist possibility masked by the tighter constraints placed on African states in the later twentieth century.
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Feng, Xinliang, Wojciech Pisula, Masayoshi Takase, Xi Dou, Volker Enkelmann, Manfred Wagner, Ning Ding, and Klaus Müllen. "Synthesis, Helical Organization, and Fibrous Formation ofC3Symmetric Methoxy-Substituted Discotic Hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene." Chemistry of Materials 20, no. 9 (May 2008): 2872–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm800515s.
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Zhang, Shuhai, Gert de Roo, and Ward Rauws. "Understanding self-organization and formal institutions in peri-urban transformations: A case study from Beijing." Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science 47, no. 2 (November 25, 2019): 287–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2399808319888223.
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This article explores the mechanisms of urban self-organization and the role of formal institutions in shaping peri-urban areas. A case study of Gaobeidian, a former rural village that is now part of Beijing, examines the mechanisms of change and the interdependent relations between institutions and bottom-up initiatives that drive peri-urban transformations. The paper presents two main contributions: (1) it identifies the differences between government-controlled planning, shared governance, self-governance and self-organization and how these intertwine in urban transformations; (2) it proposes three distinct roles played by institutions in relation to self-organization: triggering, constraining and enabling. The empirical study of this Chinese case will enrich the current debate on planning for self-organizing cities by revealing the impact of, and the various responses to, self-organization dynamics in a hierarchical institutional environment.
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Suhardoyo Suhardoyo, Rohani Lestari, Popon Rabia Adawia, and Feliona Astika. "Pelatihan Manajemen Risiko Bisnis Pada UMKM Teluk Pucung Bekasi." ASPIRASI : Publikasi Hasil Pengabdian dan Kegiatan Masyarakat 1, no. 6 (November 12, 2023): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.61132/aspirasi.v1i6.58.
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Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are the biggest supporter of the creative economy for the Indonesian economy. MSME players must be able to develop their business to be able to carry out this. The digital era has the potential to create opportunities and risks for business people and organizations. In every business, risks will always be faced by business actors because of uncertainty which results in losses. Internal and external events that have an impact on achieving the goals of MSMEs must be identified, and risks and opportunities must be differentiated. In the business world, knowledge about risk management is an important element in business management. With good management, a business organization will be able to avoid losses and even bankruptcy. Likewise, small, micro and medium enterprises that do not have sufficient capital and whose operations are not optimal are very vulnerable to changes in risk. Events that cause losses, which are usually called peril, can occur unexpectedly and can arise from various sources. The problem is how to overcome these risks so that business operations are not disrupted. Risks are analyzed by considering likelihood and impact as a basis for determining how they can be managed. Therefore, by providing an understanding of risk management, it is hoped that MSMEs will be able to know how to implement risk management in business to avoid losses. PM activities are held offline or face to face on holidays so as not to disturb the work time of the Teluk Pucung MSMEs, while the output of PM activities is in the form of press releases in online print media and also publications in community service journals
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Nicholls, Matthew C. "Galen and Libraries in the Peri Alupias." Journal of Roman Studies 101 (May 4, 2011): 123–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0075435811000049.
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AbstractThis article examines the implications of Galen's newly-rediscovered Peri Alupias (On Consolation from Grief) for our understanding of the function and contents of public libraries in late second-century a.d. Rome. As a leading intellectual figure at Rome, Galen's detailed testimony substantially increases what we know of imperial public libraries in the city. In particular, the article considers Galen's description of his use of the Palatine libraries and a nearby storage warehouse, his testimony on the contents, organization, and cataloguing of the books he found there, and his use of provincial public libraries for the dissemination of his own works.
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Ibrahimova, Aytakin Nazim. "The defintions of information and security; history of information security development." Vilnius University Open Series, no. 6 (December 28, 2020): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/os.law.2020.5.
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Taking into consideration its historical evolvement, it is evident that information security is not a new concept. Starting from the very moment of writing down the information, it presents by itself a data that can be protected, stolen, or destroyed. Throughout the whole history, without even perceiving it people had to take steps to guarantee the security of important information that they have been able to maintain. The concept of information security is quite dynamic. A behaviour that is generally accepted today can be a peril to an entity that we will work with tomorrow. Developing technology brings along the continuous innovation. Everyone handles personal information when it comes to technology development or service provision. Besides already existing services, it includes banking and other activities. Therefore, we should bear in mind that personal security cannot be ensured without guaranteeing security within each organization.
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Kashif, Muhammad, Michela Mingione, and Muhammad Fawad Noori. "Peri-Peri Original: the expansion decision in Pakistan." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 7, no. 2 (June 22, 2017): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-02-2016-0017.
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Subject area Marketing of Services, Brand Management. Study level/applicability Graduate (MBA), Services Marketing Course. Case overview The case highlights growth challenges faced by a fast food brand named Peri-Peri Original in a developing country context of Pakistan. The major presence of the brand is in two major cities of Pakistan – Karachi and Lahore where mostly youth and families are the target markets of this brand. However, there is no unique element in the minds of the target market because the brand faces a differentiation challenge in the realm of strong global competition from McDonald’s and Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC). The management team at Peri-Peri has several environmental challenges to face as well. Internally, the brand is confused with its close competitor Nando’s as people perceive these two brands as the same. Second, there is growing concern among social activist groups and families in Pakistan that fast food consumption is causing diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and obesity among children. On the contrary, the global fast food chains especially McDonald’s and KFC are on top of the mind in the consideration set. With these challenges and concerns in mind, the brand team has two options on the table. One is to geographically extend the brand to other cities whereas the other option is to use the same outlets and dedicate a portion to the kids’ market segment to increase product variety and ultimately the store traffic. It is noticeable that the brand has a reputation of excellence in service quality; the employees are motivated and Peri-Peri have retained their staff over a period of time. Furthermore, the brand is a small scale restaurant with only limited budget and focused product mix which is its core spirit of branding – the chicken grilled in Mozambican sauces and a service attitude which no one can demonstrate; in a way, Peri-Peri is approaching to grow its brand equity. Expected learning outcomes To understand the brand positioning of developing countries’ organizations facing a growth challenge in a service environment. To understand the concept and application of Services Tangibility spectrum. To understand the decision-making process managers have to face when dealing with brand extension decisions. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 8: Marketing.
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Kastler, Marcel, Wojciech Pisula, Daniel Wasserfallen, Tadeusz Pakula, and Klaus Müllen. "Influence of Alkyl Substituents on the Solution- and Surface-Organization of Hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronenes." Journal of the American Chemical Society 127, no. 12 (March 2005): 4286–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja0430696.
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Antoniadi, Yu V. "Organization of specialized surgical help to patients with peri- and intraarticular lover limb’s fractures." Genij Ortopedii 24, no. 2 (June 2018): 126–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18019/1028-4427-2018-24-2-126-133.
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Zhang, Ji. "Analysis of the Political Mobilization Experience of the Communist Party of China during the Anti-Japanese War." Frontiers in Humanities and Social Sciences 2, no. 9 (September 21, 2022): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/fhss.v2i9.2099.
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During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Communist Party of China insisted on the unity of the party's leadership and the consciousness of the masses, and the coordination between mass organizations and political power construction. The strong fighting spirit and the spiritual strength of the whole nation in the war of resistance have laid a solid ideological foundation, mass foundation and leadership foundation for winning the war of resistance. It is an important magic weapon to win the victory of the war of resistance. At the historical moment of national peril, the Communist Party of China resolutely carried the banner of resistance against Japan and led the whole nation to participate in the war to defend the homeland and the country. The high effectiveness of political mobilization is still worthy of in-depth study and summary and promotion to this day.
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Harris, Michael S., and Matthew Hartley. "Witch-Hunting at Crucible University: The Power and Peril of Competing Organizational Ideologies." Journal of Higher Education 82, no. 6 (November 2011): 691–719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00221546.2011.11777224.
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Harris, Michael S., and Matthew Hartley. "Witch-Hunting at Crucible University: The Power and Peril of Competing Organizational Ideologies." Journal of Higher Education 82, no. 6 (2011): 691–719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jhe.2011.0037.
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Neugebauer, Jörg, Tonino Traini, Ulf Thams, Adriano Piattelli, and Joachim E. Zöller. "Peri-Implant Bone Organization Under Immediate Loading State. Circularly Polarized Light Analyses: A Minipig Study." Journal of Periodontology 77, no. 2 (February 2006): 152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1902/jop.2006.040360.
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Et al., Shermukhamedov Abbos. "“WORLD EXPERIENCE OF DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF DIGITAL ECONOMY”." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 5546–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.1951.
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The Digital Economy also referred as the New Economy. It refers to an Economy in which digital computing technologies are used in Economic Activities. The term 'Digital Economy' was first mentioned in Japan by a Japanese professor and research economist in the midst of Japan's recession of the 1990s. In the west the term followed and was coined in Don Tapscott's 1995 book, The Digital Economy: Promise and Peril in the Age of Networked Intelligence.[2] This was among the first books to consider how the Internet would change the way we did business.[3] In this new economy, digital networking and communication infrastructures provide a global platform over which people and organizations devise strategies, interact, communicate, collaborate and search for information. More recently,[7] Digital Economy has been defined as the branch of economics studying zero marginal cost intangible goods over the Net.
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Healy, Maureen. "Becoming Austrian: Women, the State, and Citizenship in World War I." Central European History 35, no. 1 (March 2002): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156916102320812382.
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Inlate July 1914, upon partial mobilization of the Austro-Hungarian army, an urgent appeal to “Austria's women” circulated widely in the Viennese press. It urged women to “perform service in the time of war” and reminded them that in this moment of state peril, women had to suppress their “differences” and display the “strongest solidarity” among themselves. “Women's unity, women's energy, and women's work” would be crucial for the survival of Austria. The notice was published by one of the women's groups in what would become the Frauenhilfsaktion Wien, an umbrella organization founded in early August, comprising the major women's groups in the city. Together with similar subsequent appeals to duty, service, sacrifice, and an inner bond uniting all women, the notice marked the beginning of World War I as a potential turning point in women's relationships with each other and with the state. Across the political spectrum, noble, bourgeois, and working-class women, Christian and Jewish, German-speaking, and others, were asked to put aside their differences and perform war service as “Austria's women.”
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Tsybov, N., and A. Satkeeva. "Features of Psychological Support and Prevention of Patients in the Perio-operative Period." Bulletin of Science and Practice, no. 6 (June 15, 2023): 267–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/91/35.
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An urgent task in Kyrgyzstan is the organization of psychological support for patients during the perioperative period. Increased anxiety in anticipation of surgery often leads to a number of negative psychosomatic manifestations. Depression of the psychoemotional state, phobias and a sense of uncertainty in some cases lead to neurotic disorders that increase the risk of clinical manifestations and signs of existing pathology. The lack of proper psychological support leads to the emergence of information hunger in a situation of uncertainty, in which a person is left alone with the disease, and the patient's fears develop into states of fear and horror in anticipation of surgery or treatment of a difficult-to-treat pathology. The methodological basis of the research was the testing methods and the target method of controlled clinical trials conducted on the basis of the National Surgical Center named after M. M. Mamakeev and the clinic of the Department of Propaedeutic Surgery of the Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I. K. Akhunbayev. The article highlights the features of the organization of psychological support for patients in the perioperative period. The paper presents the features of the organization of psychological support for elderly patients, children, patients with spinal injuries. Special attention is paid in the article to the help in rethinking and choosing the basic life values and life orientations, as well as the rejection of a number of negative life attitudes and egomotives. Актуальной задачей в Кыргызстане является организация психологической поддержки пациентов в периоперационный период. Повышенная тревожность в ожидании операции часто приводит к ряду негативных психосоматических проявлений. Подавленность психоэмоционального состояния, фобии и чувство неопределенности в ряде случаев приводят к невротическими расстройствам, которые увеличивают риск возникновения клинических проявлений и признаков существующей патологии. Отсутствие должной психологической поддержки приводит к возникновению информационного голода в ситуации неопределенности, при которой человек остается с болезнью один на один, и опасения пациента перерастают в состояния страха и ужаса в ожидании операции или лечения трудноизлечимой патологии. Методологической основой исследований были методы тестирования и целевой метод контролируемых клинических исследований, проведенных на базе Национального хирургического центра им. М. М. Мамакеева и клиники кафедры пропедевтической хирургии Киргизской государственной медицинской академии имени И. К. Ахунбаева. В статье освещены особенности организации психологической поддержки пациентов в периоперационный период. В работе представлены особенности организации психологической поддержки пациентов пожилого возраста, детей, пациентов со спинномозговыми травмами. Особое внимание в статье уделяется помощи в переосознании и выборе основных жизненных ценностей и смысложизненных ориентаций а также отказу от ряда негативных жизненных установок и эгомотивов
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Kim, Gene, Vernon J. Richardson, and Marcia Weidenmier Watson. "IT Does Matter: The Folly of Ignoring IT Material Weaknesses." Accounting Horizons 32, no. 2 (January 1, 2018): 37–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/acch-52031.
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SYNOPSIS Information technology (IT) has a large and growing impact on firms and executives. While there are questions about the ability of IT to create a competitive advantage, we make the case that ignoring IT may be to an organization's and its executives' peril. Using the lens of internal control issues associated with financial reporting systems, we illustrate how internal control weaknesses associated with IT (ITMWs) can have both a dramatic and negative impact on the firm and its leadership. ITMWs take longer to remediate; are associated with more subsequent restatements, less accurate forecasts, higher audit fees, and lower earnings quality; and are more likely associated with executives losing their positions than non-ITMWs. We argue that ITMW remediation requires more time to plan, rewrite, and implement IT changes than to implement non-IT changes. Extant literature suggests that executives should focus their efforts on IT vulnerabilities and risks rather than IT opportunities. Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
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Delgado-Ruiz, Rafael Arcesio, Marcus Abboud, Georgios Romanos, Antonio Aguilar-Salvatierra, Gerardo Gomez-Moreno, and Jose Luis Calvo-Guirado. "Peri-implant bone organization surrounding zirconia-microgrooved surfaces circularly polarized light and confocal laser scanning microscopy study." Clinical Oral Implants Research 26, no. 11 (August 21, 2014): 1328–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/clr.12461.
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Fisher, Gareth. "Resistance and Salvation in Falun Gong: The Promise and Peril of Forbearance." Nova Religio 6, no. 2 (April 1, 2003): 294–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/nr.2003.6.2.294.
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In Falun Gong forbearance (ren), along with truthfulness (zhen), and benevolence (shan) makes up one of basic characteristics of the universe and forms an essential part of any practitioner's soteriology. In order to gain good karma, a practitioner must learn to forbear the suffering inflicted by others while not shirking from her faith in Falun Gong teachings. Forbearance has become an extremely effective means of resistance by Falun Gong practitioners of the ban imposed by the People's Republic of China authorities. The movement has been successful in representing the ban as a means for true practitioners to advance in their spiritual development. The importance of forbearance within the group's doctrine has also led to a split within Falun Gong, however, by providing a Hong Kong splinter group with the theological tools to challenge the hierarchical structure of the Falun Gong organization and its leadership in New York.
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Cobble, Dorothy Sue. "The Promise and Peril of the New Global Labor History." International Labor and Working-Class History 82 (2012): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547912000439.
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Anokhova, E. V. "The Concept of Finance Control in Universities." Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics 17, no. 6 (December 4, 2020): 165–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2020-6-165-175.
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The article investigates issues connected with the necessity to conduct internal finance control of university functioning. The author tried to show the procedure of finance control in the system of higher education in Russia and ground its need both on the state (municipal) and on the inner -institutional level. The article describes the procedure of university finance control as a tool of raising the e fficiency in using resources. Theoretical base of the article is made by academic works dealing with the theory and methodology of finance control in the Russian Federation, as well as materials of research organizations, high education institutions, perio dicals. As a methodological foundation of the research the author used such methods as grouping, analysis, classification and synthesis. A conceptual approach to conducting internal finance control in university was advanced, which implies control by shaping business-processes with a possibility of graphic presentation of finance control cards in different notations. Finding of the research are useful both for university top management and for certain categories of university managerial workers, who deal with decision-making concerning strategy of university development with due regard to possible risks within the frames of limited finance resources.
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Giménez García, Rubén, Ramón García Marín, José Serrano Martínez, and Manuel Pulido Fernández. "Peri-Urban Dynamics in Murcia Region (SE Spain): The Successful Case of the Altorreal Complex." Urban Science 2, no. 3 (July 19, 2018): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci2030060.
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The spatial pattern of the urban development recently experienced by large urban areas is significantly changing the traditional city model based on its compactness. It is generating new forms of urban organization that imply morphological, territorial, social, and functional changes. We analyzed the spatial impact generated by the construction of the Altorreal resort in the Murcia region and its effects on the local population (e.g. number of inhabitants). The results obtained highlight the importance of this resort in terms of space and population compared with other neighborhoods of the city.
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Mokuolu, O. A., I. Olaniyi, and J. O. Iji. "Ground Water Use Near an Open Dumpsite in a Peri-urban Community." Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management 47, no. 2 (May 1, 2021): 252–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5276/jswtm/2021.252.
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Quality of groundwater used for drinking and domestic purposes near an open dumpsite was investigated. Groundwater parameters for wells GW1, GW2, GW3 and GW4 were analysed and their values were compared with World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ). Physico-chemical and bacteriological analysis were carried out to determine the quality. Parameters analysed include; Temperature, Turbidity, Total Hardness, pH, Alkalinity, Electrical Conductivity, Total Dissolved Solids, Total Suspended Solids, Total Solids, Magnesium, E-coli, Calcium, Nitrate, BOD, COD, DO, Chloride, Sulphate, Iron, Manganese and Lead. The results indicated that all parameters except turbidity, iron and lead were within the standards, all samples showed high concentration of iron and lead while GW1, GW2 and GW3 showed high Turbidity. The study concluded that groundwater situated around the dumpsite is unfit for drinking purposes. An engineered landfill located away from residential community was recommended.
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Konijnendijk, Cecil, Syaka Sadio, Thomas Randrup, and Jasper Schipperijn. "Urban And Peri-Urban Forestry In A Development Contextstrategy And Implementation." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 30, no. 5 (September 1, 2004): 269–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2004.032.
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Sustainable urban development requires providing a healthy and sustainable living environment with basic services for all. A healthy and multifunctional urban green structure is one of the basic services to provide. Urban and peri-urban forestry (UPF), focusing on the tree-dominated part of urban and peri-urban greenspace, is a strategic, integrative, interdisciplinary, and participatory approach. Its goal is to sustainably develop the multiple benefits of forests and trees in urban environments. Recently, UPF has found broad following across the world, but its potential for cities and towns in developing countries is unrealized. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations has developed a mid-term strategy for promoting and developing UPF as a component of sustainable urban development, with emphasis on developing countries. This paper introduces this strategy, which aims at raising awareness, developing state of art, generating new technology and knowledge, strengthening institutions and policy, disseminating information and knowledge, and enhancing sustainable UPF. Examples of successful UPF programs from both the developing and developed world are presented.
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Traini, Tonino, Jörg Neugebauer, Ulf Thams, Joachim E. Zöller, Sergio Caputi, and Adriano Piattelli. "Peri-Implant Bone Organization under Immediate Loading Conditions: Collagen Fiber Orientation and Mineral Density Analyses in the Minipig Model." Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research 11, no. 1 (March 2009): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1708-8208.2008.00086.x.
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SABAPARA, G. P. "Personal, Socio-economic Characteristics of Buffalo Owners of Peri-urban areas of Surat, Gujarat." Indian Journal of Animal Production and Management 37, no. 3 (2023): 228–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.48165/ijapm.2023.37.3.7.
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A field survey was conducted in Peri-urban areas of Surat city of Gujarat to ascertain the personal, socio-economic characteristics of buffalo owners and data were collected from randomly selected 50 buffalo farm owners through personal interview with the help of pre-tested structured schedule. The study revealed that majority of the buffalo owners were belonged middle to old age group, literate, nuclear type of family having more number of children making big size family. All of the respondents were from other backward category having medium level of extension contacts and mass media exposure with membership in one organization. Majority of the respondents were falling under marginal to small categories farmers with small herd size and they possessed agriculture and livestock as their livelihood.
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L. Avery, Sherry, Judy Y. Sun, Patricia M. Swafford, and Edmund L. Prater. "Contextualizing or decontextualizing? The peril of using Western social capital scales in China." Journal of Chinese Human Resource Management 5, no. 1 (May 6, 2014): 32–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jchrm-08-2013-0030.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to promote Chinese indigenous research by examining a case in which adopting social capital (SC) scales developed in the Western context for Chinese samples can decontextualize inter-firm guanxi management in the Chinese context. Design/methodology/approach – Adopting the existing Western scales to measure SC, we collected data from Chinese executives participating in executive master of business administration programs on buyer–supplier relationship. Using the same items and data source, we identified post hoc factors representing guanxi dimensions. Ordinary least squared regressions were used for both guanxi and SC dimensions to test the hypotheses. Findings – Our analysis showed that Chinese natives responded to the Western SC items according to their understanding and mindsets rooted in guanxi. This was evidenced by the results from the post hoc-derived guanxi dimensions with the same data, which show better regression results for the hypotheses tested, although the construct validity was comparable. Adopting Western SC measurement scales deconceptualized the intricate Chinese context and inter-firm interactions. Research limitations/implications – It is inappropriate to borrow Western-developed scales for Chinese HRM research due to intricate differences in contexts. Doing so may run the risk of ignoring the Chinese context regarding the mechanisms and processes of complex human interactions, although it may produce superficial results consistent with the Western literature. Developing indigenous measurement scales should be considered not only as a preference but also as a requirement for Chinese management research. Originality/value – We empirically compared the difference between Western-developed measurement scales and a Chinese indigenous construct, as well as their impact on relationship management in relation to indigenous Chinese management research.
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Debela, Negeri, and Solome Nekahiwot. "Sepsis, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Alternative Therapies." American Journal of Health Research 12, no. 1 (March 7, 2024): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20241201.12.
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Sepsis, a life-threatening condition caused by the body's excessive response to an infection, has emerged as a global health menace. Around 20% of all global deaths are attributable to sepsis. Conversely, the presence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant peril to the health system. AMR constitutes an escalating pandemic that we must not disregard, as the absence of effective antibiotics would compromise the treatment of even commonplace bacterial infections. Therefore, the increasing prevalence of AMR further adds complexity to the management and outcomes of individuals with sepsis. AMR plays a contributory role in aggravating the consequences of sepsis, ranging from prolonged hospitalization to mortality. The World Health Organization (WHO) has prioritized AMR as a major concern necessitating immediate action to prevent dire consequences in the future. Though, One Health approach, infection prevention, rational use of antibiotics, strengthening surveillance systems, as well as research and development, are crucial strategies in combating antimicrobial resistance, alternative therapies, such as phage therapy and immunotherapeutics, are being explored for the management of AMR infections. Advances in these therapies show promise in addressing the challenges posed by antibiotic resistance in treating sepsis. In this critical assessment, we succinctly delineate the existing challenges of AMR in managing sepsis cases, and we provide an overview of the advancements in treating sepsis through alternative therapeutic modalities.
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Jensen, Benjamin M., Christopher Whyte, and Scott Cuomo. "Algorithms at War: The Promise, Peril, and Limits of Artificial Intelligence." International Studies Review 22, no. 3 (June 24, 2019): 526–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isr/viz025.
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AbstractHow might rapid advances in artificial intelligence (AI) technologies affect the construction and application of military power? Despite the emerging importance of AI systems in defense modernization initiatives, there has been little empirical or theoretical study from the perspective of the international relations (IR) and security studies fields. This article addresses this shortcoming by describing AI developments and assessing the manner in which AI is likely to affect military organizations. We focus specifically on military power, as new methods and modes thereof will alter the constitution of security relationships around the world and affect the ability of states to bargain, signal, and influence in the twenty-first century. We argue that, though rapid adoption of AI technologies stands to transform states’ ways of war on a number of fronts, an AI revolution brings with it new forms of risk that must be reconciled with the widespread integration of algorithmic systems across military functions. Where new technology promises a transformation of the character of military power in some veins, it also complicates the cognitive aspects of decision-making and bureaucratic interactions in security institutions. The speed with which complex integrated AI systems enable entirely new modes of war also stands to detach human agency in a potentially destabilizing fashion from the conduct of warfare on several fronts. Preventing the negative externalities of these “ghosts in the machine” will involve significant efforts to educate decision makers, promote accountability, and restrain irresponsible employment of AI.
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Creech, Brian. "Finding the White working class in 2016: Journalistic discourses and the construction of a political identity." European Journal of Cultural Studies 23, no. 2 (August 1, 2018): 201–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367549418786413.
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This article argues that the discourses and techniques of political journalism worked to make White working class identity sensible as an assumed norm in American politics during the 2016 US presidential campaign. Throughout the campaign, many news organizations sent journalists to small towns and various Donald Trump rallies to understand what was driving a burbling resentment among his base of White working class voters, and by interrogating the explanatory and long-form reporting produced by these journalists, we can come to understand how the White working class began to cohere as a particular political subjectivity. By documenting the economic decline and social peril borne from neoliberal policies, acts of journalism substantiate the conditions that animate White working class identity and legitimate its resentments. However, that same journalism also failed to adequately deal with the consequences of policy and the way economic conditions and cultural identities reflexively constitute one another, instead focusing on the ways class- and race-based resentments formed a well of political support, constraining any sense of agency to the discursive bounds of a political campaign. This article concludes by arguing that in order to decenter the primacy of whiteness in American politics, it is incumbent upon scholars and observers alike to attend to the various cultural discourses and techniques that render it simultaneously central and invisible.
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Dixon, Deirdre P., Michael Weeks, Richard Boland, and Sheri Perelli. "Making Sense When It Matters Most: An Exploratory Study of Leadership In Extremis." Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies 24, no. 3 (December 22, 2016): 294–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1548051816679356.
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Leading in in extremis situations, when lives are in peril, remains one of the least addressed areas of leadership research. Little is known about how leaders make sense in these dangerous situations and communicate these contexts to others. Because most of the literature on in extremis is theoretical, we sought empirical evidence of how sensemaking proceeds in practice. A qualitative study was conducted based on interviews with 30 Army leaders who had recently led teams in combat. Our findings suggest that during these life-threatening situations, sensemaking and sensegiving are actually occurring simultaneously, the type of training leaders receive is critical, and a sense of duty can influence a person’s role as a leader. Our findings have implications for both theory and practice since crisis leadership is now a coveted executive quality for leadership competency.
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McDowell, Ryan W. "Run Gauntlets or Pay Pirates? Regulating Vessel Speeds in High-Risk Waters." American Journal of Trade and Policy 8, no. 2 (May 21, 2021): 155–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/ajtp.v8i2.540.
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Maritime commerce in world commerce. Each year, vessels carry more cargo at higher costs and faster speeds. Insurance is an integral part of shipping, as it protects cargoes and crews against the perils of the sea. This article focuses on the peril of piracy, a criminal practice that has evolved significantly throughout history. Pirates today, as pirates of the past, prey upon the unprotected. Yet, modern piracy, unlike historical piracy, is essentially non-violent. The modern pirate profits from ransom, not theft. Today, piracy is a monetary risk with computable consequences: an insurable threat. Anti-piracy methods, including insurance, impose steep costs to world trade. In the past decade, pirate activity has declined while piracy insurance has grown more expensive. This phenomenon is problematic, but an industry-wide solution is a challenging construct. To handle the costly risks of piracy is to balance the distinct and competing interests of ship-owners, insurers, operators, and governments. As this Article argues, insurance can more efficiently mitigate piracy’s puzzling risk. After discussing maritime piracy and maritime insurance, this Article outlines the legal and regulatory schema for a system to mandate the speeds of vessels that transit pirate-prone waters. The proposed regulation is mechanically sound, logistically feasible, cost-effective, and enforceable. To diminish the costly risk of piracy, this Article proposes revising a treaty to afford the International Maritime Organization (IMO) jurisdiction to regulate vessel speeds on the high seas.
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Theodora Adhisty Dwiarie, Nanan Nur’aeny, and Nelly Nainggolan. "Peranan Dokter Gigi dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Mukositis dengan Leukemia Limfoblastik Akut (Laporan Kasus)." DENTA 16, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30649/denta.v16i1.2.
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rasa sakit sehingga terjadi penurunan kualitas hidup. Penanganan kondisi rongga mulut pasien yang menjalani kemoterapi oleh dokter gigi mendukung peningkatan kondisi kesehatan umum dan kualitas hidup pasien. Laporan kasus ini bertujuan untuk membahas sebuah kasus pasien dengan mukositis setelah menjalani kemoterapi untuk penanganan leukemia limfoblastik akut.Kasus: Perempuan, 21 tahun, dirujuk dari bagian penyakit dalam ke bagian penyakit mulut dengan keluhan rasa perih dan sulit membuka mulut sejak 3 hari yang lalu setelah menjalani kemoterapi menggunakan methotrexate untuk leukemia limfoblastik akut yang diderita. Bagian penyakit dalam memberikan ceftriaxone intravena (IV), dexamethasone IV, klorheksidin dan nistatin. Pemeriksaan intra oral menunjukkan lesi erosif pada lidah, mukosa labial dan bukal. Lesi didiagnosis sebagai mukositis oral skala 3 menurut World Health Organization. Nilai kualitas hidup pasien berdasarkan The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - General (FACT-G) memiliki nilai 46 dan Oropharyngeal Mucositis Quality of Life (OMQoL) dengan nilai 58. Tatalaksana farmakologis berupa obat racikan diphenhydramine Hcl, sucralfat, dan aluminum hidroksida-magnesium hidroksida digunakan secara kumur. Obat kumur khlorhexidine dan nystatin disarankan untuk dihentikan. Pasien juga disarankan untuk tetap menjaga kebersihan rongga mulutnya dengan berkumur dengan natrium klorida dan povidone iodine berelang setelah makan. Lima hari setelah pemberian terapi, kondisi pasien membaik (skala 2) dan terdapat peningkatan nilai FACT-G menjadi 54 dan nilai OMQoL menjadi 93.Kesimpulan: Mukositis dapat menyebabkan rasa sakit pada pasien sehingga peran dokter gigi dapat membantu mengurangi keluhan pasien tersebut dan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien
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Bahri, Amrita. "Appellate Body Held Hostage: Is Judicial Activism at Fair Trial?" Journal of World Trade 53, Issue 2 (April 1, 2019): 293–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/trad2019014.
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The World Trade Organization (WTO) Dispute Settlement System (DSS) is in peril. The Appellate Body (AB) is being held as a ‘hostage’ by the very architect and the most frequent user of WTO DSS, the United States of America. This will bring the whole DSS to a standstill as the inability of AB to review the appeals will have a kill-off effect on the binding value of Panel rulings. If the most celebrated DSS collapses, the members would not be able to enforce their WTO rights. The WTO-inconsistent practices and violations would increase and remain unchallenged. The rights without remedies would soon lose their charm, and we might witness a higher and faster drift away from multilateral trade regulation. This is a grave situation. This piece is an academic attempt to analyse and diffuse the key points of criticism against AB. A comprehensive assessment of reasons behind this criticism could be a starting point to resolve this gridlock. The first part of this Article investigates the reasons and motivations of the US behind these actions as we cannot address the problems without understanding them in a comprehensive manner. The second part looks at this issue from a systemic angle as it seeks to address the debate on whether WTO resembles common or civil law, as most of the criticism directed towards judicial activism and overreach is ‘much ado about nothing’. The concluding part of this piece briefly looks at the proposals already made by scholars to resolve this deadlock, and it leaves the readers with a fresh proposal to deliberate upon.
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Gunawan, Fahmi, St Kuraedah, Abdul Muiz Amir, M. Faruq Ubaidillah, and Saad Boulahnane. "Transitivity and critical discourse analysis on a testament: A woman’s involvement in jihad." Studies in English Language and Education 10, no. 1 (January 31, 2023): 517–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/siele.v10i1.26330.
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While a plethora of scholars have explored a growing body of research on women’s involvement in Jihad, there is still a paucity of studies addressing it using the hybridity of transitivity analysis and critical discourse analysis. The present study examined a testament left by an Indonesian woman involved in what she fallaciously called ‘Jihad’. To collect the data, the document analysis was adopted, meanwhile, Halliday and Matthiessen’s transitivity analysis (2004) and Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis (2003) were employed to analyze the data. The findings demonstrated that the experience of the woman’s involvement in jihad was described by the dominant use of material process verbs (59.4%), followed by relational process (19%), mental process (13.5%), and verbal process (8.1%). The transitivity analysis showcases that the testament is not an average text with a religious message or instructions to deal with the left property; instead, it contains a message of the Salafi Jihadist ideology of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), which might put people’s lives in peril. The five core teachings of ISIS encapsulate the message of ideological teachings, including jihad (struggle in the context of religious war), takfiri (ex-communication), al-wala’ and al-barra’ (loyalty and disavowal for the sake of God), tauhid (unitary oneness of God), and tahkimiyah (the rule of God – both religiously and politically). The study findings implicate that we must raise awareness of all kinds of testaments left by the jihadi woman because these testaments may contain a global jihadist doctrine. With this in mind, we will not be easily persuaded to join a Salafi jihadist organization.
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Posavac, Steven S., Frank R. Kardes, and J. Joško Brakus. "Focus induced tunnel vision in managerial judgment and decision making: The peril and the antidote." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 113, no. 2 (November 2010): 102–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2010.07.002.
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Saras, J. Z., Oladimeji, Y. U., Sani, A. A., and Suleiman, R. "PROFITABILITY AND CONSTRAINTS OF PERI-URBAN VEGETABLE PRODUCTION IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA." Nigerian Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology 3, no. 1 (June 10, 2023): 230–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.59331/njaat.v3i1.472.
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In human nutrition, vegetables are an essential protective food containing vitamins and minerals, any balanced diet should include vegetables and fruits for this reason. The study assesses profitability and constraints of peri-urban vegetable production in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Primary data collected with the aid of structured questionnaire were used for this study through farm survey in 2018. A multistage sampling procedure was used in selecting 217 vegetable farmers for this study. Descriptive statistics, net farm income (NFI) and stochastic profit frontier regression model were used to analyze the data. It was revealed that tomatoes production has the highest profit of N145,580.7 compared with that of cucumber N112,992.7 and cabbage N78,450.3, respectively. The result showed that the estimated coefficients of (-0.342), agrochemical (-0216), fuel (0.906) and fixed cost (0.233) were statistically significant. The coefficient of fertilizer implies that a 1% increase in fertilizer cost will decrease the profit made from vegetable enterprise by -0.342 units. Furthermore, the estimated coefficient of fuel cost will increase the profit made from vegetable enter by (0.906) units. The results of inefficiency model showed that the coefficient for age (0.024) was positive and statistically significant at 1% level of probability which implies that younger vegetable farmers are more profit efficient than the older ones. Conversely, the coefficient of household size (-0.027) was negative and statistically significant at 1% level of probability implying that farmers who have large household sizes are more profit efficient than those with few. Unstable market price, high cost of labour and incidence of pest and disease were the most critical constraints faced by vegetable farmers in the study area. It is recommended that; agribusiness industries and non-governmental organization should encourage and support the vegetable famers through provision of farm inputs at a subsidies rate.
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Mavungu Landu, Don Jethro, Michel Frédérich, Joseph Manzambi Kuwekita, Christian Bongo-Pasi Nswe, J. K. Mbinze, Sophie Liégeois, Nicodème Kalenda Tshilombo, et al. "Quality of antimalarials in Kinshasa peri-urban areas with regard to local pharmaceutical legislation and regulation." International Health 12, no. 4 (October 15, 2019): 253–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihz070.
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Abstract Background In the context of old pharmaceutical legislation and regulations not adapted to current realities, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the existing pharmaceutical system in peri-urban areas of Kinshasa. Methods A prospective study was carried out during the period 2016–2018. The most used antimalarial medicines were identified through household and pharmaceutical establishment surveys. The samples of the obtained medicines were assayed with generic separation methods using the high-performance liquid chromatography technique coupled to a diode array detector. The registration status was checked for 126 antimalarial brand names. A characterization was carried out in 196 pharmaceutical establishments on the basis of standards set out by the Ministry of Health. Results Of the 75 samples assayed, 19% (14/75) were non-compliant. Of the 124 brand names, 46.0% (57/124) were unlicensed and 14.5% (18/124) had an expired licence. Of the 196 pharmaceutical establishments, only 2 (1.0%) had an authorization to practice, none met all the Ministry of Health minimum standards and 24.5% (48/196) met the World Health Organization Guidelines for the Storage of Essential Medicines and Other Health Commodities. Conclusions More resources should be mobilized to apply regulator sanctions.
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N. K., Fidelis, Winnie M. K., Joyce W. K., Juliana K., Daniel K., Scholastica M., and Catherine M. "WASTEWATER REUSE FOR URBAN AND PERI-URBAN AGRICULTURE: WHY IT'S NOT HAPPENING SOON." Journal of Engineering in Agriculture and the Environment 6, no. 2 (December 21, 2020): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37017/jeae.v6i2.105.
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Urban and peri urban agriculture (UPA) forms a key component of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) special program for food security. UPA is widely upheld as a possible solution to the increased food insecurity which is linked to urban population expansion. In developing economies such as Kenya, increased urban population is highly pronounced unlike in other developed economies. This is attributed to high birth rates, and the increasing rural-urban migration, leading to expansion of urban slums with high levels of urban poverty, unemployment, food insecurity and malnutrition. With UPA seen as an opportunity for improving food supply, local economy, health conditions and environmental sustainability, it's imperative to adopt such measures. However, limited sources of water in the urban cities are seen to limit pervasiveness of UPA despite its well-known benefits. In this study, investigation of the potential for an eco-friendlily UPA (EcoUPA) was carried out in Nairobi Kenya. Using stratified random sampling to identify respondents, carrying out field surveys and administering questionnaires to establish the existing water sources, wastewater treatment systems and the utilization of these systems for reuse of the wastewater. Further, the satisfaction levels of the respondents with their wastewater treatment systems, their openness to change, and the methods preferable to them were also determined. From the study, it was determined out of 300 respondents interviewed only 66 (22%) re-used wastewater and only 54 of them reused it for crops production. Ninety - eight (33%) of respondent were interested in getting information on wastewater treatment systems that allow reuse of water and 124 (41%) respondents were willing to pay for the new system.
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Agrawal, Shachi, and Rup Narayan. "Spatio-Temporal Organization and Biomass Dynamics of Plant Communities in a Dry Tropical Peri-Urban Region:Deterministic Role of Alien Flora in Anthropo-Ecosystems." Current Science 113, no. 01 (July 10, 2017): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18520/cs/v113/i01/53-62.
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Kwok, Karl K., Elizabeth Dong, Bechien U. Wu, Joanie W. Chung, Jonathan Chang, and Kristi Reynolds. "Tu1058 RISK OF PERI-ENDOSCOPIC HEMORRHAGE OR THROMBOSIS AMONG PATIENTS ON WARFARIN V. DIRECT ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS IN A LARGE, MANAGED US CARE ORGANIZATION." Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 87, no. 6 (June 2018): AB514—AB515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2018.04.2118.
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Sawaan, Haithem Kareem. "The corruption of political elites in Iraq – an economic analysis." Contemporary Arab Affairs 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 107–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17550912.2012.649586.
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This article examines the corruption of political elites in Iraq in the wake of the 2003 American occupation – a phenomenon that has had disastrous consequences for the country as well as astronomical fiscal costs. The corruption that has now become endemic has served not only to undermine reform and reconstruction efforts – while simultaneously accomplishing the embezzlement of billions of dollars – but also has left the Iraqi people exposed to a wide array of harms from contaminated wheat imports to an infrastructure in complete disarray to foreign machinations, including those of international food conglomerates. Through the acquiescence of corrupt Iraqi elites, the country has been laid open to external interests and foreign initiatives as well as those of the World Trade Organization (WTO) through means such as the 100 ‘orders’ signed by US ‘Ambassador’ Paul Bremer III under the auspices of the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA). Graft and kickback schemes of every stripe are rife throughout the country, and monies donated in the form of international assistances have served to line the pockets of the corrupt, never reaching the intended recipients among the average Iraqi population in many instances. The vicious cycle is further perpetuated also through a corrupt judiciary that militates against any sort of meaningful transparency or oversight. Corruption, and that of the powerful elites in particular, has not only squandered genuine development opportunities that might have benefited the country at large and done much good to facilitate reconstruction efforts, but also it has – for the foreseeable future – thrown the issues of Iraqi oil revenues and food security as well as that of national sovereignty into a peril of the first order.
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Tanaka, Leonardo Y., Thaís L. S. Araujo, Andres I. Rodriguez, Mariana S. Ferraz, Vitor B. Pelegati, Mauro C. C. Morais, Aline M. dos Santos, et al. "Peri/epicellular protein disulfide isomerase-A1 acts as an upstream organizer of cytoskeletal mechanoadaptation in vascular smooth muscle cells." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 316, no. 3 (March 1, 2019): H566—H579. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00379.2018.
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Although redox processes closely interplay with mechanoresponses to control vascular remodeling, redox pathways coupling mechanostimulation to cellular cytoskeletal organization remain unclear. The peri/epicellular pool of protein disulfide isomerase-A1 (pecPDIA1) supports postinjury vessel remodeling. Using distinct models, we investigated whether pecPDIA1 could work as a redox-dependent organizer of cytoskeletal mechanoresponses. In vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), pecPDIA1 immunoneutralization impaired stress fiber assembly in response to equibiaxial stretch and, under uniaxial stretch, significantly perturbed cell repositioning perpendicularly to stretch orientation. During cyclic stretch, pecPDIA1 supported thiol oxidation of the known mechanosensor β1-integrin and promoted polarized compartmentalization of sulfenylated proteins. Using traction force microscopy, we showed that pecPDIA1 organizes intracellular force distribution. The net contractile moment ratio of platelet-derived growth factor-exposed to basal VSMCs decreased from 0.90 ± 0.09 (IgG-exposed controls) to 0.70 ± 0.08 after pecPDI neutralization ( P < 0.05), together with an enhanced coefficient of variation for distribution of force modules, suggesting increased noise. Moreover, in a single cell model, pecPDIA1 neutralization impaired migration persistence without affecting total distance or velocity, whereas siRNA-mediated total PDIA1 silencing disabled all such variables of VSMC migration. Neither expression nor total activity of the master mechanotransmitter/regulator RhoA was affected by pecPDIA1 neutralization. However, cyclic stretch-induced focal distribution of membrane-bound RhoA was disrupted by pecPDI inhibition, which promoted a nonpolarized pattern of RhoA/caveolin-3 cluster colocalization. Accordingly, FRET biosensors showed that pecPDIA1 supports localized RhoA activity at cell protrusions versus perinuclear regions. Thus, pecPDI acts as a thiol redox-dependent organizer and noise reducer mechanism of cytoskeletal repositioning, oxidant generation, and localized RhoA activation during a variety of VSMC mechanoresponses. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Effects of a peri/epicellular pool of protein disulfide isomerase-A1 (pecPDIA1) during mechanoregulation in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were highlighted using approaches such as equibiaxial and uniaxial stretch, random single cell migration, and traction force microscopy. pecPDIA1 regulates organization of the cytoskeleton and minimizes the noise of cell alignment, migration directionality, and persistence. pecPDIA1 mechanisms involve redox control of β1-integrin and localized RhoA activation. pecPDIA1 acts as a novel organizer of mechanoadaptation responses in VSMCs.
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Debnath, Ripan, and Praghya Parmita Debnath. "Comparing healthiness across urban, peri-urban, and rural communities in Mymensingh region of Bangladesh." GeoScape 14, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/geosc-2020-0002.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractPeople in urban and peri-urban areas enjoy better physical access to health facilities compared to those living in rural area. However, healthier natural environment is commonly absent in urban and its adjoining peri-urban areas. Premising on the competitiveness of health determinants outlined by the World Health Organization (WHO), this study has embarked upon comparing healthiness of different communities in a region as well as to ascertain the factor(s) regulating their healthiness related outcome. Relying on presurveyed 1397 household data spreading over an urban, two peri-urban, and eight rural localities in Mymensingh region, Bangladesh, the study has evaluated the communities’ healthiness in views of both the conventional perspective and using a set of health determinants. Illness and disease manifestation as well as socio-economic status of the households were analyzed statistically to get communities’ overall healthiness scenario. Later, comparison among the communities and contribution of different indicators were sought using a combined score index. In this study’s context, it has been found that urban is healthier than rural followed by peri-urban community. Here, rural areas lack education the most that should be improved; peri-urban areas need better income opportunity; and urban area requires better water-supply and waste management facilities to improve their respective health status in a community sense. There is not a commonly accepted health metrics for community’s comprehensive health assessment toward which this study sets a pathway. Besides, using the combined health index developed here, specific interventions required to improve community’s healthiness and minimize the gap among them can easily be identified.