Academic literature on the topic 'Periodontal probing'
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Journal articles on the topic "Periodontal probing"
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Hefti, Arthur F. "Periodontal Probing." Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine 8, no. 3 (July 1997): 336–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10454411970080030601.
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For decades, probing clinical pocket depth and attachment level have been recognized as the dentist's most important tools in diagnosing periodontal health and disease. They are physical methods to measure the distance from the bottom of a pocket to a reference line, usually the gingival margin or the cemento-enamel junction. Probing accuracy and precision are affected by factors like the design of the probe, probing force, probe position, pocket depth, or tissue inflammation. Recently, several new electronic periodontal probes have been developed. They feature high instrument precision, allowing for measurements to the nearest tenth of a millimeter. They control for probing force and permit data to be collected and stored electronically. The purpose of this review paper is to summarize various aspects of periodontal probing. First, the history of periodontal probes will be briefly recollected, and interesting and significant inventions of the past and the present emphasized. Then, the importance of the periodontal tissues relative to probe tip penetration will be reviewed, and the probing performance will be discussed. The paper will conclude with notes on selected statistical issues.
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Martu, Alexandra, C. Popa, I. A. Luchian, Ioana Martu, Cornelia Oanta, and Silvia Martu. "Evaluation of the Efficiency of 2 Types of Periodontal Probing." Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine 19, no. 3 (November 1, 2015): 163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bjdm-2015-0054.
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SummaryBackground: The periodontal probing has an important role in clinical examination of the periodontal status; different types of periodontal probes have been described. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate comparatively the efficiency of periodontal probing with conventional periodontal probe and electronic periodontal probe.Material and Methods: We examined 57 patients, each patient being subjected to conventional and electronic probing. We assessed the tolerance degree for each probing type and also the time consumed by probing and periodontal charting.Results: The periodontal probing with the electronic probe revealed superior results regarding the accuracy of the measurements, the tolerance level and the time consumed.Conclusions: The electronic periodontal probing is an exceptionally accurate method in establishing diagnosis and assessing treatment results. The electronic periodontal probe represents an efficient and useful tool for measurements of the gingival sulcus and periodontal pockets, and also for determination of the periodontal risk.
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Magnusson, Ingvar. "Computerized periodontal probing." Periodontology 2000 12, no. 1 (October 1996): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0757.1996.tb00079.x.
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Greenstein, Gary. "Probing periodontal pockets." Journal of the American Dental Association 114, no. 4 (April 1987): 434–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.1987.0114.
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Clark, W. B., I. Magnusson, Y. Y. Namgung, and M. C. K. Yang. "The Strategy and Advantage in Use of an Electronic Probe for Attachment Measurement." Advances in Dental Research 7, no. 2 (August 1993): 152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08959374930070020501.
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Attachment level has been used as the "gold standard" for assessment of the progression of periodontal disease. However, the measurement of attachment level by periodontal probing can be subject to a large number of error sources. Recently, we have designed experiments by using an electronic probe to identify the magnitude of error components due to the instrument, gingival tissue condition, position or probing angle, and time interval between replicate probings. Even with a very careful clinical setting, a few percent of uncontrollable large errors or outliers could not be avoided. A previously used 'option-3' probing scheme to reduce the unexpected large error is justified from the mathematical viewpoint.
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Machado, Ricardo, Monique Muniz da Cunha, Daniel Comparin, Leopoldo Cosme-Silva, Eduardo Donato Eing Engelke Back, and Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia. "Incidence of periodontal compromise in teeth indicated for undergoing endodontic treatment: A clinical study." European Journal of Dentistry 12, no. 03 (July 2018): 334–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ejd.ejd_271_17.
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ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the periodontal status of teeth indicated for undergoing endodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and nine teeth were evaluated using probing depth tests at three vestibular and three palatine/lingual sites before the patients underwent treatment. Teeth that presented up to 3-mm probing depth were considered as healthy. Those that presented at least one site with probing depth >3 mm were considered periodontally compromised. The data were statistically analyzed by means of applying the Chi-square test, with a level of significance of 5%. Results: Of the total of 209 teeth evaluated, 40 (19.10%) presented periodontal compromise. There was statistically significant difference related to the compromised teeth of patients of the female gender (22.80%) compared with teeth of patients of the male gender (12.30%) (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Fewer than 20% of the teeth evaluated presented a periodontal compromise. Patients of the female gender presented a higher number of periodontally compromised teeth than patients of the male gender.
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Gehlot, Meenu, Rekha Sharma, Shikha Tewari, Davender Kumar, and Ambika Gupta. "Effect of orthodontic treatment on periodontal health of periodontally compromised patients:." Angle Orthodontist 92, no. 3 (December 9, 2021): 324–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/022521-156.1.
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ABSTRACT Objectives To evaluate the effect of fixed orthodontic treatment on periodontal parameters in periodontally compromised adult orthodontic patients. Materials and Methods This was a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Thirty-six periodontally compromised adult patients (mean age: 29.67 ± 4.8 years) were randomly allocated to either test (perio-ortho) or control group (perio). After periodontal stabilization in both groups, orthodontic treatment was started in the test group, whereas the control group remained on periodontal maintenance only. Evaluation and comparison of clinical parameters (plaque index [PI]; gingival index [GI]; bleeding on probing [BOP]; probing depth [PD]; clinical attachment level [CAL]) of both groups was assessed at three time intervals: T0 (base line), T1 (at start of orthodontic treatment), and T2 (1 year after start of orthodontic treatment). Radiological parameters (alveolar bone levels [ABL]) were recorded using CBCT at T1 and T2. Results Intragroup analysis showed statistically significant improvement in all clinical and radiological periodontal parameters in both groups (P ≤ .05). Intergroup comparison revealed improvement in the periodontal parameters was not statistically significant between the groups (P ≥ .05). Subgroup analysis showed reduction in the number of moderate and severe periodontitis sites in both groups with significant more gains in ABL in the test group compared to the control group. Conclusions Orthodontic treatment after periodontal stabilization does not have any detrimental effect on periodontal health in adult periodontally compromised orthodontic patients and may add to the benefits achieved by periodontal treatment alone.
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Lima, Rafael Paschoal Esteves, Luíza Fernandes Mendes, Lucas Guimarães Abreu, and Fernando Oliveira Costa. "Effectiveness of photodynamic therapy associated with non-surgical periodontal therapy: a randomized pilot clinical trial." Brazilian Journal of Periodontology 31, no. 2 (August 1, 2021): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.14436/0103-9393.31.2.077-088.oar.
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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to assess the effect of photodynamic therapy associated with non-surgical periodontal therapy. METHODS: In this study with a split-mouth design, 12 participants with periodontitis underwent non-surgical periodontal treatment alone or non-surgical periodontal treatment associated with photodynamic therapy. Methylene blue was the photosensitizing agent used. Irradiation with laser irradiation diode (660nm) was performed in one application for 90 seconds in each periodontal pocket. The periodontal parameters bleeding on probing, probing depth and clinical attachment level have been assessed at baseline (T0) and 60 days after intervention (T1). Differences in periodontal parameters between T0 and T1 were assessed using the Wilcoxon test. Values of p<0.05 were statistically significant. RESULTS: Photodynamic therapy associated with periodontal treatment led to a greater reduction in bleeding on probing than periodontal therapy alone (p = 0.009), but had no impact on probing depth. CONCLUSION: Photodynamic therapy associated with periodontal treatment was more effective in reducing periodontal inflammation.
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Monteiro, Mabelle Freitas, Hélvis Enri de Sousa Paz, Larissa Bizarre, Gabriela Martin Bonilha, Marcio Zaffalon Casati, and Renato Corrêa Viana Casarin. "Salivary IL-4: A Bleeding Predictor on Probing in Descendants of Severe Periodontitis Patients." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 46, no. 2 (March 1, 2022): 132–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/1053-4625-46.2.7.
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Objective: Periodontitis in younger patients can cause severe periodontal destruction, and cases are usually more numerous in members of the same family due to the sharing of susceptibility factors. Thus, the use of a familial study design could improve our understanding of initial alterations in periodontal tissue. This observational study aimed to evaluate the salivary inflammatory pattern in descendants of periodontitis patients and identify any correlation with the clinical periodontal condition. Study design: Fifteen children of Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis (GAgP) patients and 15 children with periodontally healthy parents were evaluated for their plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BoP), and probing depth (PD). The concentrations of interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-17, IL-1β, IL-4, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured in unstimulated saliva using the Luminex MAGPix platform. Results: Children from the GAgP group presented higher probing depth (PD) and bleeding on probing (BoP) (p<0.05) and lower release of IL-4 in saliva (p<0.05) than the periodontally healthy group. The cytokines IL-10, IFN-γ, IL-17, and IL-4 were negatively correlated with the gingival index, while IL-4 was negatively correlated with BoP. A regression analysis revealed that salivary IL-4 and plaque were predictors of BoP. Conclusions: Children of GAgP parents presented lower salivary IL-4 and higher BoP and PD than children from periodontally healthy families. Additionally, salivary IL-4 was a predictor of bleeding on probing in the children, suggesting that the lower presence of this anti-inflammatory cytokine is related to higher clinical inflammation.
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Armitage, Gary C. "Manual periodontal probing in supportive periodontal treatment." Periodontology 2000 12, no. 1 (October 1996): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0757.1996.tb00078.x.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Periodontal probing"
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Edge, Jonathan Culmer. "Design and development of a system for three dimensional periodontal probing measurement." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322066.
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POZZI, EDOARDO ANTONIO. "Correlazioni esistenti tra parodontologia e protesi. Utilizzo dello zirconio come materiale protesico nel rispetto dei tessuti parodontali." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/19574.
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Traditional mechanic analysis of zirconium prosthesis does not give any biologic information about periodontal aspects. Observation of periodontal conditions are necessary in order to deepen the relationship between zirconium crowns and periodontal tissues. Our aim is evaluation of periodontal effects of zirconium prosthesis in comparison to metal-ceramic crowns. We analyse 45 zirconium crowns applied on 27 patients in study group, prosthesized elements are: 15 central incisors, 12 lateral incisors, 8 canines, 6 first premolars and 4 second premolars. 45 metal-ceramic elements are considered in control group: 6 central incisors, 8 lateral incisors, 8 canines, 15 first molars e 8 second molars. Periodontal evaluations such as plaque index, bleeding, gingival recessions and periodontal probing are performed for each element. We observed a higher rate of 0-plaque and a higher rate of elements without bleeding in study group than control one. There is a lower number of gingival recessions and a less deep probing in study group than control one. In conclusion we can say that zirconia elements are more respectful of periodontal tissues than metal-ceramic crowns.
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FERNANDES, Luana Osório. "Avaliação comparativa da dimensão do sulco gengival por tomografia de coerência óptica e sondas periodontais em indivíduos saudáveis." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2015. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/18317.
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Este estudo avaliouo desempenho daTomografia de Coerência Ópticaem1325nmcomoum método não invasivopara medir a profundidadedo sulco gengivalde indivíduossaudáveisem comparação comsondasperiodontaistradicionais emumambiente clínico.Dois observadoresavaliaram aprofundidade dosulco gengivalde 445sitios emdentes anteriores, tanto superior einferior,de 23 indivíduos saudáveis, por meio de três ferramentas: sonda periodontal Carolinado Norte (NC), sonda computadorizadaFloridaProbe (FP)eTomografia por Coerência Óptica(OCT). Foi obtido oíndice de refraçãogengival,necessário para correção dos valores obtidos por OCT,a partir da análisede19 amostras provenientes de cirurgia periodontal. Para cada técnica, foiregistradoo grau de desconforto/dor, através da escala verbal de 4 pontos(VRS-4) e Escala Numérica da Dor (END), e o tempo com auxílio de cronômetro digital.As imagens de OCT mostraramestruturas anatômicasclinicamente relevantes do ponto de vista periodontalnaáreaavaliada.O valor médiocalculadopara o índicede refraçãoda gengivafoi de 1,41±0,06, dado utilizado para realizar a correção dos valores obtidos pelo OCT, através de regra de três simples.As imagens de OCT proporcionaram analisar o correspondente ao sulco gengivalhistológicocom valor médiode 0,86±0,27 milímetros.A sondaNCresultou em maiores valores de profundidade(1,43 ±0,56 milímetros), seguido pelaFP(1,25±0,58 milímetros) que proporcionou umamaior frequência dedesconforto edor.O tempo registrado para cada técnica foi maior para o OCT (19,61±8,98 minutos) decorrente do caráter laboratorial do equipamento, seguido da FP (2,44±1,04 minutos) e NC (1,77±0,40 minutos), ambas adaptadas para aplicação clínica.Diante dos resultados, pode-se concluir que o OCTéummétodo promissorparaa análise in vivodasaúde periodontal, permitindoo diagnósticoprecoce e preciso, de maneiranão invasiva, e que sua influência e interferênciasobre a avaliaçãoclínicaéinexistente, diferente dousodeumasonda periodontal.Porém, ainda se faz necessário a adaptação do equipamento para utilização na clinica odontológica.
This study evaluatedthe performance ofOpticalCoherenceTomographyin 1325nmas a noninvasivemethodto measure the depthof the gingival sulcusof healthysubjects compared totraditionalperiodontalprobesin a clinical setting.Twoobservers evaluatedthe depth of thegingival sulcusof 445sitesin anterior teeth, both top and bottomof 23individuals, using threetools: periodontal probeNorth Carolina (NC), electronic probeFloridaProbe (FP) and Optical CoherenceTomography(OCT). Was obtainedgingivalindex of refractionneeded tocorrect thevalues obtained byOCT,from the analysisof 19samples fromperiodontalsurgery. For eachtechnique,the degree of discomfort/painwas recordedbyverbal4-point scale(VRS-4) and NumericalPainScale (NPS), andtimeusing a digitalstopwatch.The OCTimages showedclinically relevantanatomical structures of theperiodontalviewpoint in thearea evaluated.Theaverage value calculated forthegumrefractive indexwas 1.41± 0.06, as used to perform thecorrection of values obtainedbyOCT,throughsimple rule of three.TheOCTimagesprovidedanalyze thehistologicalsulcuscorresponding toan average valueof 0.86±0.27 mm.The CNproberesulted in greaterdepth values(1.43± 0.56millimeters), followed by FP(1.25±0.58 mm) which gavea higher frequency ofdiscomfort and pain.Thetime recordedfor each techniquewas higher fortheOCT(19.61 ±8.98 minutes) due to thecharacter oflaboratoryequipment, followed by FP(2.44±1.04 minutes) andNC (1.77 ±0, 40 minutes), bothadaptedfor clinical application. With the results, we can concludethatOCTis apromising method forin vivoanalysisof periodontalhealth, enabling early and accurate diagnosis, noninvasively, andthat its influenceandinterferenceon clinical evaluationis lacking,differentthe use ofa periodontalprobe.However,the upgrading of equipmentis still neededfor usein the dentalclinic.
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Bernardo, Carlos Cheque. "Avaliação dos parâmetros clínicos periodontais de pacientes não fumantes em manutenção - Estudo longitudinal prospectivo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23146/tde-18112010-123704/.
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Neste estudo observacional longitudinal prospectivo, foram avaliados os parâmetros clínicos de 2257 sítios de 16 pacientes não fumantes em manutenção periodontal, através de sondagem computadorizada. Estes pacientes, tratados de periodontite crônica de moderada a severa, receberam manutenção periodontal trimestralmente durante dois anos. Na consulta inicial e aos 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 e 24 meses foram registrados, em seis sítios por dente, os parâmetros clínicos profundidade clínica de sondagem (PCS), retração gengival, nível clínico de inserção (NCI), sangramento e supuração à sondagem e presença de placa, além da mobilidade dentária. A mensuração e registro automatizado destas medidas foram realizados com precisão de 0,2 mm, sob pressão constante de 20 g. Todos os exames foram realizados pelo mesmo examinador, treinado e calibrado. Os sítios monitorados apresentaram, no período avaliado, redução de bolsa e ganho clínico de inserção significativos (p<0,00001). Considerando diferenças maiores do que 1 mm entre o NCI aos 24 meses e no exame inicial, 4,52% dos sítios apresentaram perda de inserção. O modelo multinível de regressão logística mostrou que, quanto menores o NCI e a PCS inicial do sítio, maiores seriam suas chances de perder inserção. Sítios com maiores frequências de presença de placa ou de sangramento à sondagem, bem como sítios proximais e em dentes com mobilidade, também tiveram maiores chances de perda de inserção. Sítios de alguns grupos dentários também apresentaram maiores chances deste desfecho. O reduzido número de sítios com perda de inserção e a melhora nos parâmetros clínicos detectados neste estudo demonstraram a importância de um programa de manutenção periodontal bem realizado e supervisionado, com intervalos regulares de três meses, na manutenção da saúde periodontal obtida com o tratamento.In this prospective longitudinal observational study, the periodontal clinical parameters of 2257 sites of 16 non-smoking patients under maintenance were evaluated by computerized periodontal probing. These patients, who had been treated of moderate to severe chronic periodontitis, received periodontal maintenance every third month over two years. At baseline and at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months, the clinical parameters Probing Depth (PD), gingival recession, Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), bleeding and suppuration on probing and plaque presence, besides tooth mobility, were record at six sites per tooth. The measurement and automated recording of these measures was performed with resolution of 0.2 mm, under constant force of 20g. All examinations and measures were performed by the same trained and calibrated examiner. The monitored sites showed, in the evaluated period, significant (p<0.00001) pocket reduction and clinical attachment gain. When differences between the CAL at 24 months and at baseline greater than 1 mm were considered, 4.52% of the sites showed attachment loss. The multilevel logistic model showed that, the smaller the site NCI and PCS baseline values, the bigger its odds of loss attachment. Sites with higher frequencies of plaque presence or bleeding on probing, as well as proximal sites and sites in mobility teeth, showed bigger odds of attachment loss too. Sites in some tooth groups showed bigger odds of this outcome too. The reduced number of sites with attachment loss and the detected attachment gain in this trial demonstrated the importance of a well performed and supervised periodontal maintenance program, with regular intervals of three months, in the maintenance of the periodontal health obtained after treatment.
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Norppa, A. (Anna). "Association between periodontal and systemic inflammation:a study of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2012. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514299681.
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Abstract The principal aim of this study was to explore associations between systemic inflammatory status and periodontal inflammation and tissue destruction. The study population consisted of 61 patients with chronic periodontitis, 30 periodontally healthy control subjects, and 80 subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The T1DM subjects were periodontally treated and re-examined eight weeks after completion of the treatment. The periodontal measures included plaque, probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP) and attachment level (AL). The serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-10, as well as the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) level of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 were analyzed using commercially available ELISA assays, and serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) level using direct enzymatic methods. Serum IL-6 level associated significantly with the extent of inflamed periodontal pockets in T1DM subjects. Moreover, serum IL-6 modulated local periodontal inflammation in T1DM patients; periodontal healing turned out to be poorer in subjects with a high level of serum IL-6 than in those with a low level. Serum TNF-α/IL-10 ratio was three times higher in chronic periodontitis patients than in periodontally healthy control subjects. In T1DM subjects a significant inverse association between serum HDL level and the extent of inflamed periodontal pockets was found; subjects with a low serum HDL level presented 50% more inflamed periodontal sites than subjects with a high serum HDL level. A significant association between GCF MMP-8 level in shallow crevices and the extent of periodontal attachment loss in chronic periodontitis patients was observed. In conclusion, we focused on analyzing associations between systemic inflammatory status and periodontal conditions. According to our results, periodontal inflammation/infection is associated with systemic inflammatory status using serum IL-6, TNF-α/IL-10 ratio and HDL as indicators. Also, a high level of MMP-8 in GCF in shallow crevices could be indicative of higher susceptibility to periodontal infection and tissue destructionTiivistelmä Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli tarkastella hampaiden kiinnityskudosten tulehduksen (pardodontiitti) ja siihen liittyvän inflammaation yhteyttä systeemiseen tulehdustilaan. Tutkimusaineistoon kuului 61 yleistervettä potilasta, joilla oli kohtalaisesti tai pitkälle edennyt parodontiitti, 30 yleistervettä yksilöä, joiden hampaiden kiinnityskudokset olivat terveet/lähes terveet (kontrolliryhmä), sekä 80 tyypin 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) potilasta, joilla esiintyi vaihtelevasti parodontiittia. T1DM potilaiden parodontiitti hoidettiin, ja heidät tutkittiin uudelleen kahdeksan viikon kuluttua hoidon päättymisestä. Tutkittavilta tarkastettiin plakin määrä, ientaskujen syvyys, ienverenvuoto ja hampaiden kiinnityskudoksen menetys. Systeemistä tulehdustilaa mitattiin käyttäen seerumin interleukiini (IL)-6, tuumorinekroosifaktori (TNF)-α ja interleukiini (IL)-10 tasoja. Lisäksi määritettiin ientaskunesteen matriksimetalloproteinaasi (MMP)-8 taso. Kaikki edellä mainitut tulehduksen välittäjäainetasot määritettiin käyttäen ELISA-menetelmää. T1DM potilaiden seerumin IL-6 pitoisuuden ja tulehtuneiden ientaskujen määrän välillä vallitsi positiivinen yhteys. Lisäksi havaittiin, että seerumin korkea IL-6 taso heikensi parodontiitin paranemista. T1DM potilailla havaittiin käänteinen yhteys seerumin HDL-pitoisuuden ja tulehtuneiden ientaskujen määrän välillä. Tutkittavilla, joilla seerumin HDL-taso oli matala (<1.35 mmol/l), oli 50 % enemmän tulehtuneita ientaskuja kuin niillä, joilla HDL-taso oli korkea (≥1.35). Parodontiitti-ryhmässä seerumin TNF-α/IL-10 suhde oli kolminkertainen verrattuna kontrolliryhmän vastaavaan ilmentäen voimakkaampaa matala-asteista tulehdusta parodontiitti-potilailla. Matalista (<4 mm) ientaskuista kerätyn ientasunesteen MMP-8 pitoisuuden ja parodontiitin vaikeusasteen välillä vallitsi merkittävä postiivinen yhteys parodontiitti-potilailla. Yhteenvetona, systeemisen tulehdustilan ja hampaiden kiinnityskudosten välillä vallitsee kaksisuuntainen yhteys; toisaalta parodontiitti lisää matala-asteista systeemistä tulehdustilaa ja toisaalta kohonnut systeeminen tulehdustila lisää alttiutta parodontiittiin ja siihen liittyvään inflammaatioon. Lisäksi ientaskunesteen korkea MMP-8 pitoisuus matalissa ientaskuissa voi merkitä lisääntynyttä alttiutta parodontiumin alueen tulehdukselle ja kudostuholle
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Agbeniyi, Olusola Charles. "Periodontal disease during pregnancy and low birth weight of newborns at Chris Hani district of Eastern Cape." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/28774.
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Objective: This study sought to determine the association between periodontal disease in pregnancy and the delivery of low birth weight newborns in a rural population of South African women. Methods: This case-control study involved 348 new mothers. All subjects were recruited post-delivery from three public hospitals in the rural Eastern Cape of South Africa. The cases (n=119) were mothers who delivered through normal delivery and whose babies at the time of delivery weighed <2.5 kg. Age-matched controls (n=229) were mothers who delivered ≥2.5 kg babies. Potential risk factors for periodontal disease and low birth weight were collected by means of a structured questionnaire and maternity record review. Using the WHO's community periodontal index, a trained dental clinician blinded to participants' birth-outcomes recorded the periodontal health status of each participant (intraexaminer reliability; kappa = 0.95). Mothers who presented with a probing depth ≥4 mm on more than four index teeth without the presence of gingival overgrowth were deemed to present with periodontal disease. Data analysis included conditional logistic regression analysis. Results: Periodontal disease was diagnosed in 37.9%> (n=45) of the case group and 9.2°/o (n=21) of the control group. Low birth weight was also significantly more common among those who were unemployed, those who reported fewer than three antenatal visits and drinking on five or more days per week during pregnancy. After controlling for potential confounders, mothers presenting with a probing depth ≥ 4 mm on four teeth (OR = 4.12; 95°/o Cl = 1. 78 - 9.50) or more than four teeth (OR = 4.95; 95%> Cl: 1.52 - 15.81) were found to be significantly more likely to have low birth weight babies. Conclusions: The study findings suggest that there is a significant dose-dependent positive association between periodontal disease and low birth weight, independent of other risk factors measured in this study.Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
Community Dentistry
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馮建裕 and Kin Yue Clive Fung. "The effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment on gingival suppuration, bleeding on probing and pocket depths in male tobaccosmoking and non-smoking adults." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38628466.
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Fung, Kin Yue Clive. "The effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment on gingival suppuration, bleeding on probing and pocket depths in male tobacco smoking and non-smoking adults." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B38628466.
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Mello, Tatiana Ribeiro de Campos. "Diferenciais da saúde em áreas urbanas e rurais: cárie dentária e condições gengivais em escolares no Estado de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6132/tde-06032007-085928/.
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Objetivos: Estudar os diferenciais entre os indicadores de cárie dentária e alterações gengivais em escolares de áreas urbanas e rurais do Estado de São Paulo. Material e Métodos. Estudo de corte transversal analítico e ecológico foram os dois delineamentos utilizados. A população de estudo foram estudantes de escolas urbanas e rurais do Estado de São Paulo de 5 a 7 e de 10 a 12 anos; a fonte de informação foi o "Levantamento das Condições de Saúde Bucal - Estado de São Paulo, 1998". Foi estimada a prevalência de cárie dentária (índice ceo-d e CPO-D), do sangramento gengival durante a sondagem e de cálculo dental (índice CPI), para o estudo de associação com características sócio-demográficas dos escolares e indicador de desenvolvimento social (IDH-M) das cidades participantes do levantamento. Foram estimadas as odds ratios ajustadas e não ajustadas, por meio de análise de regressão logística de delineamento de modelos multivariados e multiníveis. O estudo de diferenciais de prevalência entre diferentes regiões do Estado empregou uma classificação de àreas rurais homogêneas pré-existentes. Resultados: Os indicadores de saúde bucal tiveram distibuição desigual entre os estratos, indicando pior condição para a população rural. Estudar em áreas rurais, em escolas públicas, ser negro ou pardo e ser do sexo masculino associaram com a manifestação de cárie não tratada e alterações gengivais, ao nível dos indivíduos. No modelo multinível, a presença de flúor na água de abastecimento público, o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH-M) e o Índice de Cuidado associaram com as condições de saúde bucal estudadas ao nível das cidades participantes do levantamento. Áreas rurais cujo sistema produtivo apresentava maior implementação da economia agro-industrial tiveram os melhores indicadores de saúde bucal. Conclusões: Os escolares de área rural mostraram-se mais vulneráveis para todas as condições de saúde bucal avaliadasObjectives: To assess differentials of prevalence of dental caries and gingival status in schoolchildren from rural and urban areas of the State of São Paulo. Material and Methods: The study population comprised schoolchildren aged 5 to 7 and 10 to 12 years old; the source of information was the Survey of Oral Health Status State of São Paulo, 1998. The prevalence of dental caries (dmft and DMFT indices), gingival bleeding on probing and dental calculus (CPI index) were assessed for the appraisal of association with socio-demographic characteristics of schoolchildren and indices of social development of participating towns. The estimation of adjusted and non-adjusted odds ratios used logistic regression analysis, and the fitting of multivariate multilevel models. The study of prevalence differentials among regions of the State used a previous classification of homogeneous rural areas. Results: Indices of oral health had an unequal distribution among strata, indicating a poorer profile for rural population. Studying in rural areas, in public schools, being black and being a boy associated with the odds of presenting untreated dental caries and gingival status at the individual level. Fluoride addition to tap water and the human development index associated with these outcomes at the town level. Rural areas whose productive system presented enhancements associated with the agro-industry had an improved profile of oral health. Conclusion: Schoolchildren in rural areas had a poorer profile for all outcomes of oral health. These findings should instruct health services for programming specific interventions aimed at this stratum.
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Anderson, Gissela Bernal. "Comparative analysis of quantitative probing measurements by use of an electronic pressure sensitive probe and a manual probe a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment ... in periodontics ... /." 1986. http://books.google.com/books?id=sZQ9AAAAMAAJ.
Full textBooks on the topic "Periodontal probing"
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Tessier, Jean-François. Relationship between periodontal probing velocity and gingival inflammation in human subjects. [Toronto: Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto], 1992.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Periodontal probing"
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Cohen, DDS, MS, PhD, Nicolas. "Periodontal Treatment and Computerized Occlusal Analysis." In Oral Healthcare and Technologies, 75–111. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1903-4.ch002.
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This chapter addresses the ongoing controversy regarding occlusion's role in the progression of periodontal disease. Occlusal force has been considered a non-factor in the initiation of periodontal attachment loss. However, the absence of a validated measuring device or quantifying method for analyzing the occlusion has contributed to the confusion that still exists in the scientific community today about the relationship between periodontal disease and occlusion. The development of the T-Scan occlusal measurement technology, which is independent of a clinician's occlusal contact force level subjective assessment, may change the scientific opinion about occlusion's role in periodontal disease. This chapter illustrates how the T-Scan 8 system aids in treating patients who have tissue loss and occlusal issues. Notably, after the major etiologic risk factors of periodontal disease have been controlled, adjusting the occlusion with the T-Scan improves healing outcomes resulting in less inflammation, decreased probing depths, and bone level stability.
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Cohen, DDS, MS, PhD, Nicolas. "Periodontal Treatment and Computerized Occlusal Analysis." In Handbook of Research on Computerized Occlusal Analysis Technology Applications in Dental Medicine, 791–828. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6587-3.ch018.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter addresses the ongoing controversy regarding occlusion's role in the progression of periodontal disease. Occlusal force has been considered a non-factor in the initiation of periodontal attachment loss. However, the absence of a validated measuring device or quantifying method for analyzing the occlusion has contributed to the confusion that still exists in the scientific community today about the relationship between periodontal disease and occlusion. The development of the T-Scan occlusal measurement technology, which is independent of a clinician's occlusal contact force level subjective assessment, may change the scientific opinion about occlusion's role in periodontal disease. This chapter illustrates how the T-Scan 8 system aids in treating patients who have tissue loss and occlusal issues. Notably, after the major etiologic risk factors of periodontal disease have been controlled, adjusting the occlusion with the T-Scan improves healing outcomes resulting in less inflammation, decreased probing depths, and bone level stability.
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Cohen, DDS, Nicolas. "Periodontal and Implant Treatment With Computerized Occlusal Analysis." In Advances in Medical Technologies and Clinical Practice, 1125–74. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9254-9.ch016.
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The role of occlusion in the progression of periodontal disease remains a controversial subject. Occlusal force, which is a mechanical stress applied to tissues, has always been considered to not initiate, nor accelerate, periodontal attachment loss resultant from inflammatory periodontal disease. This chapter outlines this controversy in great detail, from the perspective that the absence of a validated occlusal force and timing measuring device that can quantify the occlusion, has contributed to the confusion and questions that exist in the scientific community about the relationship between both periodontal disease and peri-implantitis, and the occlusion. The development of a new occlusal measurement technology that records and analyzes precise and reproducible relative occlusal contact force levels in real-time, independent of a clinician's subjectivity, is helping to change the scientific opinion regarding occlusion's role in periodontal and peri-implant supporting tissue loss. The T-Scan 10 system is particularly adapted for treating patients who demonstrate tissue loss combined with occlusal issues. Indeed, after having controlled the major etiologic and risk factors of periodontal disease and peri-implantitis, adjusting the occlusion after active tissue and implant therapy favors healing. The outcome of periodontal treatment aimed at compromised teeth and dental implants, combined with occlusal force excess control from computer-guided targeted occlusal adjustments, is highly predictable, and is characterized by less inflammation, a decrease of probing depths, and the stabilization of bone levels around teeth and dental implants.
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Beydoun, May A., Hind A. Beydoun, Sharmin Hossain, Ziad W. El-Hajj, Jordan Weiss, and Alan B. Zonderman. "Clinical and Bacterial Markers of Periodontitis and Their Association with Incident All-Cause and Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia in a Large National Survey." In Advances in Alzheimer’s Disease. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/aiad220041.
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Microbial agents including periodontal pathogens have recently appeared as important actors in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. We examined associations of clinical periodontal and bacterial parameters with incident all-cause and AD dementia as well as AD mortality among US middle-aged and older adults. Clinical [Attachment Loss (AL); probing pocket depth (PPD)] and bacterial [pathogen immunoglobulin G (IgG)] periodontal markers were investigated in relation to AD and all-cause dementia incidence and to AD mortality, using data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES III, 1988–1994) linked longitudinally with National Death Index and Medicare data through January 1, 2014, with up to 26 years of follow-up. Sex- and age-specific multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were conducted. Among those ≥65 years, AD incidence and mortality were consistently associated with PPD, two factors and one cluster comprised of IgG titers against Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), Prevotella melaninogenica (P. melaninogenica) and Campylobacter rectus (C. rectus) among others. Specifically, AD incidence was linked to a composite of C. rectus and P. gingivalis titers (per SD, aHR = 1.22; 95% CI, 1.04–1.43, p = 0.012), while AD mortality risk was increased with another composite (per SD, aHR = 1.46; 95% CI, 1.09–1.96, p = 0.017) loading highly on IgG for P. gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, C. rectus, Streptococcus intermedius, Capnocylophaga Ochracea, and P. melaninogenica. This study provides evidence for an association between periodontal pathogens and AD, which was stronger for older adults. Effectiveness of periodontal pathogen treatment on reducing sequelae of neurodegeneration should be tested in randomized controlled trials.
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Tino-Salgado, Edilberta, Flaviano Godínez-Jaimes, Cruz Vargas-De-León, Norma Samanta Romero-Castro, Salvador Reyes-Fernández, and Victor Othon Serna-Radilla. "Bayesian Multilevel Modeling in Dental Research." In Recent Advances in Medical Statistics [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108442.
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Clinical designs in dentistry collect measurements of the teeth of each subject, forming complex data structures; however, standard statistical methods (Student’s t-test, ANOVA, and regression models) do not treat the data as a grouped data type; that is, the measurements are treated as independent despite not being the case. A disadvantage of not considering the dependence on multilevel data is that if there is a significant correlation between the observations, it is ignored by the researcher and consequently finds statistically significant results when in fact they are not. Bayesian methods have the advantage of not assuming normality, unlike maximum likelihood estimation, and Bayesian methods are appropriate when you have small samples. We showed the minimum statistical theory for the use of multilevel models in dental research when the response variable is numerical. In this regard, it was proposed to carry out a Bayesian multilevel analysis to determine the clinical factors associated with the depth of periodontal probing. We adapted the bottom-up strategy to specify a multilevel model in the frequentist approach to the Bayesian approach. We checked the adequacy of the fit of the postulated model using posterior predictive density.
Conference papers on the topic "Periodontal probing"
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Hinders, Mark K. "Ultrasonic Periodontal Probing Based on the Dynamic Wavelet Fingerprint." In REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1916854.
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Genta, Gianfranco, Giulio Barbato, Raffaello Levi, Matteo Erriu, and Francesca M. G. Pili. "Measurement issues in probing depth evaluation of periodontal pockets." In 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/memea.2015.7145255.
Full textReports on the topic "Periodontal probing"
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Alarcón, Marco, Tatiana Amagua, Donald Morales, and Ana Lucia Seminario. EFFECT OF PERIODONTAL TREATMENT IN HIV+ PATIENS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.1.0032.
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Review question / Objective: The objective of our study is to evaluate whether periodontal treatment influences clinical outcomes and immunological conditions in HIV+ patients. (P) Participants: VIH+ patients. (I) Interventions: Surgical treatment, photodynamic therapy, antimicrobials, others. (C) Comparison: Non-surgical treatment. (O) Outcome measures: - Periodontal outcomes: plaque scores, bleeding on probing, periodontal pocket Depth, clinical attachment levels; - VIH outcomes: -Count CD4+; -Microbiological analysis. Condition being studied: Our study will analyze the effect of periodontal treatment in HIV+ patients and will evaluate changes in periodontal, immunological and microbiological parameters.